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    Experiment No. 2 Rockwell Hardness Test Introduction

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    Ahmad Abd
    The document describes Experiment No. 2 which measures the Rockwell hardness of steel, copper, brass and aluminum specimens. It explains that Rockwell hardness is determined by the depth of penetration of an indenter under specific loads. For steel, a tungsten ball indenter is used with an initial 10kg load followed by a 90kg major load to determine the HRB scale hardness. The experiment finds that steel has the highest hardness at 106.6 HRB, while aluminum has the lowest at 52.6 HRB. A discussion section compares different hardness testing methods including their indenters, loads used, and impression shapes.

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    Experiment No. 2 Rockwell Hardness Test Introduction

    Uploaded by

    Ahmad Abd
    1K views3 pages
    The document describes Experiment No. 2 which measures the Rockwell hardness of steel, copper, brass and aluminum specimens. It explains that Rockwell hardness is determined by the depth of penetration of an indenter under specific loads. For steel, a tungsten ball indenter is used with an initial 10kg load followed by a 90kg major load to determine the HRB scale hardness. The experiment finds that steel has the highest hardness at 106.6 HRB, while aluminum has the lowest at 52.6 HRB. A discussion section compares different hardness testing methods including their indenters, loads used, and impression shapes.

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    Rockwell Hardness Test

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    The document describes Experiment No. 2 which measures the Rockwell hardness of steel, copper, brass and aluminum specimens. It explains that Rockwell hardness is determined by the depth of penetration of an indenter under specific loads. For steel, a tungsten ball indenter is used with an initial 10kg load followed by a 90kg major load to determine the HRB scale hardness. The experiment finds that steel has the highest hardness at 106.6 HRB, while aluminum has the lowest at 52.6 HRB. A discussion section compares different hardness testing methods including their indenters, loads used, and impression shapes.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    1K views3 pages

    Experiment No. 2 Rockwell Hardness Test Introduction

    Uploaded by

    Ahmad Abd
    The document describes Experiment No. 2 which measures the Rockwell hardness of steel, copper, brass and aluminum specimens. It explains that Rockwell hardness is determined by the depth of penetration of an indenter under specific loads. For steel, a tungsten ball indenter is used with an initial 10kg load followed by a 90kg major load to determine the HRB scale hardness. The experiment finds that steel has the highest hardness at 106.6 HRB, while aluminum has the lowest at 52.6 HRB. A discussion section compares different hardness testing methods including their indenters, loads used, and impression shapes.

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    Experiment No.

    2
    Rockwell Hardness Test
    Introduction: -
    In our engineering field for example, if we got a specimen and we
    also want to get its Properties of the substance like The Rockwell
    Hardness, the substance (metal) has a mechanical property, one of
    them is the Hardness, we measure the hardness of the metal by the
    HR property now.
    The hardness for fundamental define, its defined as the strength of
    metal for scratch and penetration. For example, if we have two
    metals and we want to know Which is harder than the other, we
    scratch each other and see Which has a deeper depth its less
    Hardness than the other.
    Objective: - To measure Rockwell hardness for steel, copper,
    brass, and aluminum specimen
    Theory of Experiment: -
    Rockwell hardness represent depth of penetration that is caused by
    indenter the indenter may be either diamond cone with apex angle
    120°, which used (10 kg ) minor load and (140 kg )major load and is
    used to measure hardness of hardened steel and cast iron and it is
    called (HRC).
    𝑒
    𝐻𝑅𝐶 = 100 −
    0.002
    Or a hardened steel ball (1.6 mm) diameter which uses (10 kg) minor
    load and (90 kg) major load, and is used to measure the hardness of
    annealed steel and cast iron and it's called (HRB).
    𝑒
    𝐻𝑅𝐵 = 130 −
    0.002
    e: penetration (mm).
    Fig.1. Principle of the Rockwell test. Although a diamond indenter is illustrated, the
    same principle applies for steel ball indenters and other load

    Fig.1. Rockwell Principle

    Procedure: -
    1- Select the tungsten combined ball as an indenter for steel.
    2- Place the steel specimen on the anvil; rotate the hand wheel until
    an initial load reached.
    3- Release the loading lever until it stops and wait (30 sec), then
    bring the lever to its initial position.
    4-measure the hardness.
    5- Repeat step (1-4) for the other specimens.
    Calculations and results: -
    Using HRB scale and measure hardness for steel brass, copper,
    aluminum three reading for each specimen then find HRB.
    specimen R1 HRB R2 HRB R3 HRB HRB Pentration
    avg. (Re) e, mm
    Steel 108 102 110 106.6 0.0468
    Copper 88 83 85 85.3 0.0894
    Bras 95 90 93 92.6 0.0748
    Al 51 54 53 52.6 0.1548

    Discussion: -
    1- Carry out full comparison between different methods for
    hardness measurement?
    Ans:
    a) in Vickers hardness test we apply loads vary between 5-120kgf.
    And in Brinell we apply between 500 – 3000 kgf.
    And in Rockwell hardness test we apply two loads, first is the initial
    load then the major load.
    b) in Vickers hardness test we use diamond pyramid with (136°)
    apex angle as an indenter. And in Brinell Hardness Test we use
    spherical 5 or 10 mm diameter tungsten carbide ball .
    and in Rockwell hardness test we use a tungsten carbide ball or
    cone with apex angle 120°.
    c) the impression we see in the top view of the specimen in Vickers
    hardness test is a square or rhombic form. And in Brinell Hardness
    test we see a circle.

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