Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
National Capital Region
DIVISION OF CITY SCHOOLS – MANILA
Manila Education Center Arroceros Forest Park
Antonio J. Villegas St. Ermita, Manila

READING AND
WRITING SKILLS

Understanding Text and Its

Properties

Quarter 1- Week 2
Module 2

Most Essential Learning Competency:

A. Evaluate research based on its properties
1. organization
2. coherence and cohesion
.
 HOW TO USE THIS MODULE

Before starting the module, I want you to set aside other tasks that will disturb
you while enjoying the lessons. Read the simple instructions below to successfully
enjoy the objectives of this kit. Have fun!
1. Follow carefully all the contents and instructions indicated in every page of
this module.
2. Write on your notebook the concepts about the lessons. Writing enhances
learning, that is important to develop and keep in mind.
3. Perform all the provided activities in the module.
4. Let your facilitator/guardian assess your answers using the answer key card.
5. Analyze conceptually the posttest and apply what you have learned.
6. Enjoy studying!

PARTS OF THE MODULE

• Expectations - These are what you will be able to know after completing the
lessons in the module.
• Pre-test - This will measure your prior knowledge and the concepts to be
mastered throughout the lesson.
• Looking Back to your Lesson - This section will measure what learnings
and skills did you understand from the previous lesson.
• Brief Introduction - This section will give you an overview of the lesson.
• Discussion - This section provides a short discussion of the lesson. This
aims to help you discover and understand new concepts and skills.
• Activities - This is a set of activities you will perform with a partner.
• Remember - This section summarizes the concepts and applications of the
lessons.
• Check your understanding - It will verify how you learned from the lesson.
• Post-test - This will measure how much you have learned from the entire
module.
Lesson
Written text based on its
3 properties

EXPECTATION
S
At the end of our lesson, you would be able to:
A. evaluate research based on its properties
1. organization

PRETEST
A. MODIFIED TRUE OR FALSE Read the following statements. Write TRUE
if the statement is correct and if it is false CHANGE the underlined word in
each item to make the statement correct.

________ 1. A physical format is an aspect of the organization that is

immediately apparent to the reader.
________ 2. Signal words are textual cues that can be a way to follow a
certain text.
________ 3. Structure provides steps to organize or sequence a certain text.
________ 4. Text organization is a way a text is organized to guide a reader
logically through it
________ 5. Organization can be achieved through various text properties.

LOOKING BACK TO YOUR LESSON

B. LET’S SEE HOW FAR YOU WILL GO! Just fill in the K W L Chart as you
go along with the topic. You have to answer the first two columns based on
what you have known in the previous lesson and write also the things you
would want to know in this topic and the last will be answered as you
finalized your thoughts and understanding towards the lesson.
 BRIEF INTRODUCTION
WHAT IS A TEXT ORGANIZATION?

Text organization deals with how a text is organized to help readers follow
and understand the flow of information and ideas cascaded. There are a
number of standard forms that help text organization when writing. This text
organization also assists readers logically in grasping a particular text.
\

DISCUSSION
 KINDS OF TEXT ORGANIZATION
It is how the text physically appears. Explanation:
Example:
In order to better understand what The words that are
motivates human beings, Maslow proposed that written in bold are
human needs can be organized into a hierarchy. examples of
This hierarchy ranges from more concrete needs Maslow’s Hierarchy
Physical such as food and water to abstract concepts such of Needs that the
Format as self-fulfillment. According to Maslow, when a first sentence is
lower need is met, the next need on the hierarchy referring to. By
(It is how becomes our focus of attention. These are the five stressing these
the text categories of needs according to Maslow: words, the reader
physically Physiological, this refers to basic physical needs can distinguish the
appears) like drinking when thirsty or eating when hungry. right term for the
Safety, once people’s physiological requirements concepts along with
are met, the next need that arises is a safe their definitions; this
environment. Love and Belonging, according to would also help
Maslow, the next need in the hierarchy involves readers in
feeling loved and accepted. This need includes remembering the
both romantic relationships as well as ties to needs since they
friends and family members. stick out from the
rest of the text.
Signal Example:
Words First, dissolve a package of yeast and one Explanation:
teaspoon of sugar in 1 cup of warm water. Add ¼
(The cue cup of canola oil and a dash of salt. Slowly stir in By using sequential
in 3½ cups of flour. A soft dough will form. signal words, readers
ordering Meanwhile, pre-heat the oven to 450° F. Then are guided on what
of events transfer the dough to a floured surface and knead comes next and what
and it until it becomes smooth and elastic. Put it in a will be the next
concepts) bowl, cover, and set the bowl in a warm place. In sequence.
about 45 minutes, it will double.
Structure Example:
A hare one day ridiculed the short feet and
(The slow pace of the Tortoise, who replied, laughing:
complete "Though you be swift as the wind, I will beat you
framework
of the text. in a race." The Hare, believing her assertion to be Explanation:
The simply impossible, assented to the proposal; and
structure they agreed that the Fox should choose the course It clearly manifested
provides the and fix the goal. On the day appointed for the the
framework race the two started together. The Tortoise never beginning, middle
upon which
the text is for a moment stopped, but went on with a slow and ending.
organized. It but steady pace straight to the end of the course.
consists of The Hare, lying down by the wayside, fell fast
beginning, asleep. At last waking up, and moving as fast as
middle and
end) he could, he saw the Tortoise had reached the
goal, and was comfortably dozing after her
fatigue.
Retrieved from https://www.slideshare.net/KatrinaClaireLandich/properties-of-a-well-written-text-. 14 July 2020

ACTIVITIES
Activity 1: LET’S TRY! Identify whether the statement in each item below
denotes a text organization. Write PF if it is PHYSICAL FORMAT, SW if it is
SIGNAL WORD and S if it is STRUCTURE. Write your answer on the blank
provided for.
__________ 1. A traveler about to set out on a journey saw his Dog stand at
the door stretching himself. He asked him sharply: "Why do you stand there
gaping? Everything is ready but you, so come with me instantly." The Dog,
wagging his tail, replied: "O, master! I am quite ready; it is you for whom I
am waiting."
__________ 2. Next, press half the dough onto a greased 12” pizza pan. Now
you must decide if you want to make a savory pizza or a sweet pizza. For a
savory pizza, spread the dough with tomato sauce. Add banana slices and
top with curry powder.
__________ 3. The study of personality has a broad and varied history in
psychology with an abundance of theoretical traditions. The major theories
include dispositional (trait) perspective, psychodynamic, humanistic,
biological, behaviorist, evolutionary, and social learning perspective.
__________ 4. A kite, sick unto death, said to his mother: "O Mother! do not
mourn, but at once invoke the gods that my life may be prolonged." She
replied, "Alas! my son, which of the gods do you think will pity you? Is there
one whom you have not outraged by filching from their very altars, a part of
the sacrifice offered up to them?"
__________ 5. There are five love languages: Words of Affirmation, Acts of
Service, Receiving Gifts, Quality Time, and Physical Touch. Each one is
important and expresses love in its own way. Learning your partner's and
your own primary love language will help create a stronger bond in your
relationship.

Activity 2: HEIGHTEN YOUR KNOWLEDGE

Fill in the WORD NETWORK either a phrase or a word that sustain your
understanding of the lesson.

Text Organization

Remember
 Text structure refers to how the information within a
written text is organized.
 This strategy helps students understand that a text might present a
main idea and details; a cause and then its effects; and/or different
views of a topic.

CHECK YOUR UNDERSTANDING

From your answer in the WORD NETWORK, make your own concept
based on how you grasped/ understood the lesson.
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________

POST TEST
A. MODIFIED TRUE OR FALSE Read the following statements. Write TRUE
if the statement is correct and if it is false CHANGE the underlined word in
each item to make the statement correct.
________ 1. Every sentence has a physical format.
________2. Words and phrases that show the connection between ideas are
examples of signal words.
________ 3. Identifying the framework of a certain text is an example of
structural analysis.
________ 4. Using kinds of dictionary, readers logically understand a certain
text.
________ 5. Text can be understood by considering various text organization.

Lesson

4 Arrangement of details

EXPECTATION
At the end of our lesson, you would be able to:
B. evaluate research based on its properties
2. coherence and cohesion
2.1 arrangement of details according to
2.1.1. chronological order
2.1.2. spatial order
2.1.3. emphatic order

PRETEST
A. MATCH COLUMN A WITH COLUMN B. Write the letter of your answer
on the blank provided before the number.

_____ 1. Cohesion A. grammatical and lexical linking within a tex

_____ 2. Coherence B. arranged according to geographical location
_____ 3. Chronological order C. arranged to emphasize a certain point
_____ 4. Spatial order D. arranged in the order which they happened
_____ 5. Emphatic order E. general sense that a text makes sense through
the organization of its content.
F. arranged by number of sentences
 LOOKING BACK TO YOUR LESSON
B. ACTIVATE YOUR SCHEMA! Fill in the middle boxes with ideas you
learned from the previous lesson and on the third box, formulate a concept
based on your insights cascaded in the middle boxes.

Text Organization

BRIEF INTRODUCTION
refers to the logical flow and connection in a written text and
Cohesion is achieved through the use of devices to link sentences
together so that there is a logical flow between ideas from one
sentence to the next.(Enquist & Oates 2009: 34)
refers to the unity or togetherness of the text as a whole and is
Coherence achieved through the effective grouping and arrangement of
ideas in a logical order.(Enquist & Oates 2009: 34)

DISCUSSION
ARRANGEMENT OF DETAILS ACCORDING TO
The details are organized in the order which they happened.
(Landich, 2018)
Example:
This morning was crazy. My alarm clock was set for PM instead
Chronological of AM, so I woke up really late. I just threw on some clothes and ran
Order out the door. I rode my bike as fast as I could and thought that I
was going to be late for sure, but when I got there everyone was
outside and there were firetrucks all lined up in front of school. I
guess somebody pulled the fire alarm before class started. It
worked out though, because nobody really noticed or minded that I
was tardy.
The sentences of a paragraph are organized according to the
geographical location such as left to right up to down etc. (Landich,
2018)
Spatial Order Example:
The inside of Bill's refrigerator was horrible. On the top shelf
was a three week old carton of milk. Next to it sat a slice of melon
that had started to get moldy. To the right of the melon sat the
remains of a macaroni and cheese dinner that had been served a
week earlier. On the shelf below was a slice of cake from his
sister's birthday party. Though there was food, none of it was
edible.
The information in the paragraph is organized to emphasize
certain points depending on the writer’s purpose. (Landich,
2018)
Example:
After looking at all the brochures and talking to several
 Emphatic salesmen, I decided to purchase an SLR camera. For several years I
Order had been dissatisfied with the results I was getting from my point-
and-shoot camera. The framing was imprecise and the focus was
not always accurate. I had planned a vacation to an area that
promised many fabulous photo opportunities, and I wanted to
capture each one with accuracy. But the most important reason I
decided on the SLR camera was the great versatility it offered.
In the above paragraph, the organization moves from the least
important idea (dissatisfaction with the results of the point-and-
shoot camera) to the most important idea (the versatility offered
with the SLR camera).
Retrieved from https://www.slideshare.net/KatrinaClaireLandich/properties-of-a-well-written-text-. 14 July 2020

ACTIVITIES
Activity 1: Write your own sentence using the arrangement of details below.

Chronological Order

1._________________________________________________________________________
2._________________________________________________________________________

Spatial Order

3._________________________________________________________________________
4._________________________________________________________________________

Emphatic Order
5._________________________________________________________________________

Activity 2: Compose at least 4-5 sentences using any the given

arrangement of details. Make sure to include accurate information in your
composition.
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________

CHECK YOUR UNDERSTANDING

 Answer the following prompts below to gauge your understanding of
the lesson

Today I learned that______________________________________________________

I am confused on the area of _____________________________________________
Next time I will__________________________________________________________
 POST TEST
MODIFIED TRUE OR FALSE. Read the following statements. Write TRUE if
the statement is correct and if it is false CHANGE the underlined word in
each item to make the statement correct.

_____ 1. Relevance is best term to describe the relevance of the use of words
in order to achieve the connection and the logical flow of a certain
text.
_____ 2. Word order is achieved through the effective groupings of ideas in a
certain text.
_____ 3. In order means that the details are organized in the order which
they happened.
_____ 4. The information in the paragraph is organized to emphasize certain
points depending on the writer’s purpose is known as emphatic
order.
_____ 5. Emphatic order means that the paragraph is arranged according to
the geographical location.
REFLECTIVE LEARNING SHEET
Reflect on what you have learned after taking up this lesson by completing the chart below.

I thought…
What were your thoughts or ideas
about the features of effective
communication prior to the
discussion of this lesson?

What new or additional ideas did I learned that…

you learn after taking up this
lesson?
References:
Electronic Resources
https://www.slideshare.net/aliciamargaretjavelosa/properties-of-a-wellwritten-
text-reading-and-writing
https://www.slideshare.net/KatrinaClaireLandich/properties-of-a-well-written-
text-88147656
https://www.sjsu.edu/aanapisi/docs/patriciaalbers.pdf
http://www.free-short-stories.org.uk/very-short-stories/the-hare-and-the-
tortoise.htm
http://salvadori.blogspot.com/2009/03/exercise-on-connectives.html?m=1

Acknowledgements

Writer: Dr. Roniko C. Natividad, Master Teacher II

Editor: Mr. Sedfrey Aldrich Obar, Master Teacher II
Reviewer: Vicente M. Victorio Jr.-EPS
Management Team: Maria Magdalena M. Lim-Schools Division Superintendent-Manila,
Aida H. Rondilla-Chief Education Supervisor Lucky S. Carpio-EPS and Lady Hannah C
Gillo, Librarian II-LRMS
PRE-TEST:
1.) true 2) true 3) framework 4) true 5) true
POST-TEST:
true 2) true 3) structure 4) text organization 5) true
KEY ANSWERS