FreeCAD

FreeCAD
[Learn Easily & Quickly]

BY
VIKASH KUMAR CHAUDHARY

(V. K. CHAUDHARY)

DEDICATION

Dedicated to Our Beloved parents
Smt. Shyama Devi
Late Sri Ram Pujan Chaudhary

Foreword

The book “FreeCAD: [Learn Easily & Quickly]” is the latest book in the
FreeCAD world. This book has been written on the basis of latest version of
FreeCAD. This book include Video Tutorial Link at chapter number 5, 9, 11 &
14 for easy and better understanding. The main advantages of this book is simple
in language and clear screenshot.

A great thankful to two German engineers Jürgen Riegel and Werner Mayer,
who was started the first FreeCAD project in 2002.

We shall be grateful to readers of this book to point out any error which can be
rectified in future editions.

Table Of Contents

1. INTRODUCTION
2. WELCOME TO FreeCAD
3. FreeCAD WORKBENCH
4. DRAFT WORKBENCH
5. OPERATION WITH – DRAFT
6. SKETCHER WORKBENCH
7. OPERATION WITH – SKETCHER
8. PART WORKBENCH
9. OPERATION WITH – PART
10. PART DESIGN WORKBENCH
11. OPERATION WITH - PART DESIGN
12. DRAWING WORKBENCH
13. IMAGE WORKBENCH
14. RAYTRACING WORKBENCH
15. IMPORTANT NOTE

1. INTRODUCTION

:- FreeCAD is open source and completely 3D modular for CAD, MCAD,

CAX, CAE and PLM modular. It is 100% free software (GPL & LGPL License).
FreeCAD is aimed directly at mechanical engineering and Product design but
also fits in wide range of uses around engineering, Such as architecture or other
engineering specialties. It is based on the OpenCascade. FreeCAD runs on
Windows, Mac OSX and Linux platforms.

1.1 CHARACTERISTICS OF FreeCAD

FreeCAD is a multi-plateform .
FreeCAD run as a command line application .
FreeCAD can be importad as python module.
Workbench concept.
FreeCAD is a full Graphical User Interface (GUI) application.
Graphical modification operation.
Graphical creation of simple planer geometry.
Boolean operation .
Full macro editing and recording.
Undo / Redo framework.
Built in python console.
Testing and repairing tools for meshes.
Full customizable /scriptable Graphical User Interface.
Modelling with straight or Revolution Extrusions, Sections and
Fillets.
Compound (ZIP based) document save format.
Parametric primitive creation (box, cylinder, sphere). Modification

1.2 WHOM IS FreeCAD FOR?

The home users/hobbyist.
The experienced CAD users.
The programmer.
The educator.

1.3 FEATURES OF FreeCAD

1) SUPPORTED LANGAUGE

Chinese
Czech
Dutch
English
Finnish
French
German
Greek
Hungarian
Italian

2) WRITABLE FILES

DXF
IFC
IGES
NASTRAN
OBJ
PDF
STEP
STL
VRML

3) READABLE FILES

Bitmaps
DXF
IFC
IGES
NASTRAN
OBJ
STEP
STL
VRML
4) OPERATING SYSTEMS

Windows 2000
Windows 7
Windows 8
Windows Vista
Windows XP
Mac OS X
Novell SUSE Linux

5) MAIN FUNCTIONALITY

Parts & Assembly Modeling

Simulation & Analysis
Animations & Rendering
Documentation
1.4 INSTALLATION OF FreeCAD ON WINDOWS

Search the FreeCAD (http://www.freecadweb.org) on Google and
download the latest version of FreeCAD. The latest version of FreeCAD
is FreeCAD 0.15.4671_x86_setup. Exe and it is applicable for both
windows 32-bit and 64-bit. For downloading the latest version of
FreeCAD you can follow the link-
http://sourceforge.net/projects/freecad/files/FreeCAD%20Windows/
(See the below fig.)
After downloading the FreeCAD, click on the FreeCAD setup and run it.
Follow the instructions and install the FreeCAD.

After installation, the FreeCAD software is ready for use.
For feature use, you can also download the latest version of Python
(https://www.python.org). The latest version of python is python
—2.7.10.msi and follow the download link -
https://www.python.org/downloads/

After downloading the python, click on the python setup and run it.
Follow the instructions and install the python.

END
2. WELCOME TO FreeCAD

: - Really, this software is very useful and easy to use according to my

experienced. In this chapter you will know about the look of FreeCAD,
customization of FreeCAD, about Tools, navigation of 3D models and etc.

2.1 HOW TO OPEN FreeCAD

After installation of FreeCAD, go to the Start menus in windows
and find the FreeCAD.
Click on it.
Then explore the FreeCAD.
When you start FreeCAD for the first time, it displayed with the Start
Center.

The Start Center allows you to quickly jump to one of the most common
workbenches, open one of the recent files, or see the latest news from the
FreeCAD world. You also find the FreeCAD tutorial, python resources, user
manual etc, from this start Center. You can change the default workbench (Start)
in the preference.
2.2 HOW TO SET USER PREFERENCES

Open the FreeCAD.
Go to the Edit menu and switch the Preferences.

A Preferences dialog box will open

In this dialog box, go to the Start up and select the drop down key (see
above Fig.)
Then select the listed workbenches which you want.
I recommend to select the Part Workbench.
Then click on Apply button and then Ok (see the above Fig.)
You can also set the all others properties in the Preferences dialog box
like Display.
Then close the FreeCAD and again restart the FreeCAD. FreeCAD will
appear like this,

2.3 HOW TO NAVIGATE MODELS IN THE 3D

SPACE

: - FreeCAD has four different Navigation Styles, available that change the
way you use your mouse to interact with the objects in the 3D view and the view
itself. These navigation styles are:-

1. Inventor navigation
2. Cad navigation
3. Blander navigation and
4. Touchpad navigation.
You can quickly change the current navigation mode by right-clicking on an
empty area of the 3D view. See the Fig. below,

The default navigation style is referred to as "CAD navigation," and is very
simple and practical and i also recommend to use CAD navigation, but FreeCAD
also provides alternative navigation styles that you can choose according to your
preferences.

PROCEDURE TO NAVIGATE THE MODELS IN 3D
SPACE BY THE USE OF MOUSE WITH CAD
NAVIGATION STYLE

a) For select the object or its surface:-

Press the left mouse button over an object you want to select. Holding down ctrl
allows the selection of multiple objects.

b) For Pan:-

Click and hold the middle mouse button and move the object around to pan.

c) For Zoom in and out:-

Rotate the mouse wheel up and down to zoom in and out.
d) For Rotate view:-

Click first with the middle mouse or wheel button and hold it, and then click
the left mouse button and drag the mouse in the desired direction. The cursor
location at the middle mouse button click determines the center of rotation.
Rotation works like spinning a ball which rotates around its center. If the
buttons are released before you stop the mouse motion, the object continues
spinning if this is enabled. For again reset the position of object, click on the
Isometric view.

e) For Rotate view (alternate method):-

Click first with the middle mouse or wheel button and hold it, and then click
the right mouse button and drag the mouse in the desired direction. This
method works just like the previously described rotate view that uses middle
mouse button + left mouse button, except that the middle mouse button may
be released after the right mouse button is pressed. Users who use the mouse
with their right hand may find this Rotate View method easier than the
previous method.

2.4 EXPLORING FreeCAD

When you open or explore the FreeCAD, it will looks like the above screenshot.
The number (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7) which i mark in the screenshot is the part of
FreeCAD and their explanations are:-
1. The 3D view This view showing the contents or object(s) of your
document.
2. The Combo view which shows the hierarchy and construction
history of all the objects in your document. You can also select the
object(s) from this view for the purpose of modification and
deleting.

3. The Property view which allows you to view and modify
properties of the selected object(s).

4. Switch between Workbenches where you select the active
workbench.

5. The Report view which is where FreeCAD prints messages,
warnings and errors.

6. The python console where all the commands executed by
FreeCAD are printed, and where you can enter python code.

7. Toolbars Blank Space where you can arrange the tools and also
select the different types of views and properties by the use of Right
Click of Mouse.
NOTE
: - If you want to remove the Report view and Python Console view from the
Taskbar of the FreeCAD, follow the below instruction:-

1) Open or explore the FreeCAD, 2) Right click of the mouse on the

Toolbars blank space, 3) Then uncheck the Report view and Python console.

4) You can also insert the all other views by check or uncheck on the views

(see the below Fig.)

5) Now your FreeCAD looks like this,

6) You can also close the Report view and python console directly. See the

below fig.

2.5 HOW TO CUSTOMIZE THE INTERFACE

: - Since FreeCAD interface is based on the modern Qt toolkit, it has a state-of-
the-art organization. Widgets, menus, toolbars and other tools can be modified,
moved, shared between workbenches, keyboard shortcuts can be set, modified,
and macros can be recorded and played. The processes of the Customization of
window are:-

a) Go the Tools and click on the Customize (see the below Fig).

b) A Customize dialog box will open (see the below Fig).

In this Customize dialog box, the six tabs are located at top position, the
descriptions are:-
1. Commands: - The Commands tab lets you browse all available
FreeCAD commands, organized by their category.

2. Keyboard: - In Keyboard, you can see the keyboard shortcuts
associated with every FreeCAD command, and if you want, modify
or assign new shortcut to any command. This is where to come if you
use a particular workbench often, and would like to speed up its use
by using the keyboard.

3. Toolbars: - The Toolbars and Toolbox bars tabs let you modify
existing toolbars, or create your own custom toolbars.

4. Macros: - The Macros tab lets you manage your saved Macros.

5. Spaceball Motion and Spaceball Buttons are in development phase.

END

3. FreeCAD WORKBENCH

: - A workbench can be considered as a set of tools specially
grouped for certain task. It is very helpful for crating and modifying the objects
at time in one workplace. In FreeCAD, tools are grouped into workbenches
according to the tasks.

3.1 LIST OF WORKBENCHES

In FreeCAD, the following important workbenches are
available:
S.N SYMBOL WORKBENCHES DESCRIPTION

1. ARCH For creating an
Architectural design.
2. COMPLETE It indicates the all Note:-
tools those are listed
in other workbenches. In
3. DRAFT For creating 2D FreeCAD,
object. total active
4. DRAWING For displaying 3D
design into 2D on
drawing sheet.
5. FEM For Pre-and Post-
processing FEM
studies
6.
IMAGE For working with
bitmap images.
7.
INSPECTION This workbench is in
development phase.
8.
MESH DESIGN For working with
triangulated meshes.
9.
OPENSCAD For interoperability
with OpenSCAD and
repairing CSG model
history.
10. PART For creating and
working with standard
parts.
11. PART DESIGN For modifying and
creating a shape on
parts.
12. PLOT The Plot module
allows to edit and
save output plots
created from other
modules and tools.
13. POINTS The Points module is
made to give you
specific tools for
working with point
clouds. It is still in
development.
14. RAYTRACING For working with
Raytraching
(Rendering)
15. REVERSE This workbench is
ENGINEERING still in development.
16. ROBOT For studying robot
movement.
17. SHIP FreeCAD-ship work
over ship entities.

18. SKETCHER For working with
geometry-constrained
sketches.
19. SPREADSHEET For creating and
manipulating spread
sheet data.
20. START The Start workbench
allows you to quickly
jump to one of the
most common
workbenches.
21. TEST The test framework
FRAMEWORK (testing) is based on a
set of Python scripts,
which are located in
the test module.
22. WEB This workbench
alloys you to connect
directly with
FreeCAD web
documentations and
help.
workbenches are 22, but in this, some workbenches are in development phase. In
FreeCAD the most important and useful Workbenches are:
1. DRAFT WORKBENCH
3. PART WORKBENCH
6. ARC WORKBENCHES
7. ROBOT WORKBENCH
8. SHIP WORKBENCH
9. IMAGE WORKBENCH

END
4. DRAFT WORKBENCH

: - The Draft workbench allows to quickly drawing simple 2D objects in

the current document, and offers several tools to modify them afterwards. Some
of these tools also work on all other FreeCAD objects, not only those created
with the Draft workbench. It also provides a complete snapping system, and
several utilities to manage objects and settings.

6.1 DRAWING TOOLS

In draft workbench, these are tools for creating the objects with the help of
drawing object.

The descriptions of Drawing Tools are listed below:-

1.
LINE
Draws a line segment between 2 points.
2.
WIRE
Draws a line made of multiple line segments (polyline).
3.
CIRCLE
Draws a circle from center and radius.
4.
ARC
Draws an arc segment from center, radius, start angle and end angle.
5.
ELLIPSE
Draws an ellipse from two corner points.
6.
POLYGON
Draws a regular polygon from a center and a radius.
7.
RECTANGLE
Draws a rectangle from 2 opposite points.
8.
TEXT
Draws a multi-line text annotation.
9.
DIMENSION
Draws a dimension annotation.
10.
B SPLINE
Draws a B-Spline from a series of points.
11.
POINT
Inserts a point object.
12.
SHAPE STRING
The Shape String tool inserts a compound shape representing a text
string at a given point in the current document.
13.
FACEBINDER
Creates a new object from selected faces on existing objects.
14.
BEZIER CURVE
Draws a Bezier curve from a series of points.

6.2 MODIFYING TOOLS

These are tools for modifying existing objects. They work on selected objects,
but if no object is selected, you will be invited to select one .

The descriptions of Modifying Tools are listed below: -

1.
MOVE
Moves object(s) from one location to another.
2.

ROTATE
Rotates object(s) from a start angle to an end angle.
3.
OFFSET
Moves segments of an object about a certain distance.
4.
TRIM/EXTEND
Trims or extends an object.
5.
UPGRADE
Joins objects into a higher-level object.
6.
DOWNGRADE
Explodes objects into lower-level objects.
7.
SCALE
Scales selected object(s) around a base point.
8.
EDIT
Edits a selected object.
9.
WIRE TO BSPLINE
Converts a wire to a B Spline and vice-versa.
10.
ADD POINT
Adds a point to a wire or B Spline.
11.
DELETE POINT
Deletes a point from a wire or B Spline.
12.
SHAPE 2D VIEW
Creates a 2D object which is a flattened 2D view of another 3D object.
13.
DRAFT TO SKETCH
Converts a Draft object to Sketch and vice-versa.
15.
ARRAY
Converts a Draft object to Sketch and vice-versa.
16.
PATH ARRAY
Creates an array of objects by placing the copies along a path.
17.
CLONE
Clones the selected objects.
18.
DRAWING
Writes selected objects to a Drawing sheet
6.3 SNAPPING TOOLS

Snapping tools is a tool which is used for “Gluing” your next 3D point onto
existing point. Snapping is available with most Draft and Arch tools.

Snapping tools can be enabled and disabled globally with the (Snap on/off)
command. Each snap tool can also be enabled or disabled individually by
clicking the corresponding button on the snap toolbar.

The descriptions of Snapping Tools are listed below:-

1.
TOGGLE ON/OFF 6.4
Turns snapping on/off globally.

2.
MIDPOINT
The middle point of line and arc segments.
3.
PERPENDICULAR
On line and arc segments, perpendicularly to the latest point.
4.
GRID
The nodes of the Draft grid, if visible.
5.
INTERSECTION
The intersection of 2 line or arc segments. However the mouse over
the two desired objects to activate their intersection snaps.
6.
PARALLEL
On an imaginary line parallel to a line segment. However the mouse
over the desired object to activate its parallel snap.

7.
ENDPOINT
The endpoints of line, arc and spline segments.
8.
ANGLES
The special cardinal points of circles and arcs, at 45° and 90°.
9.
CENTER
The center point of arcs and circles.
10.
EXTENSION
On an imaginary line that extends beyond the endpoints of line
segments. However the mouse over the desired object to activate its
extension snaps.
11.
NEAREST
The closest point on the nearest object.
12.
ORTHO
On imaginary lines that cross the last point, and extend at 0°, 45° and
90°.
13.
DIMENSIONS
To make the dimensions on drafting.
14.

WORKING PLANE
Always places the snapped point on the current working plane even
if you snap to a point outside that working plane.
UTILITY TOOLS
Utility tools are used for make a final touch in your 2d drafting. It is an
Additional tool available via right-click context menu, depending on the selected
objects. See the Fig. below.
For find the utility tools, first click on the Draft menu utilities then select
object which you want.
The descriptions of Utility Tools are listed below:-

1.
VISGROUP
Creates a VisGroup in the current document.
2.
HEAL
Heals problematic Draft objects found in very old files.
3.
FLIP DIMENSION
Flips the orientation of the text of a dimension.
4.
TOGGLE CONSTRUCTION MODE
Toggles the Draft construction mode on/off.
5.
TOGGLE CONTINUE MODE
Toggles the Draft continue mode on/off.
6.
EDIT
Edits a selected object.
7.
APPLY CURRENT STYLE
Applies the current style and colour to selected objects.
8.
TOGGLE DISPLAY MODE
Switches the display mode of selected objects between "flat lines" and
"wireframe".
9.
ADD TO GROUP
Quickly adds selected objects to an existing group.
1.
SELECT GROUP
Selects the contents of a selected group.
2.
SELECT PLANE
Sets a working plane from a standard view or a selected face.
3.
SHOW SNAP BAR
Shows/hides the snapping toolbar.
4.
TOOGLE GRID
Toggles the grid on/off.
6.1 WIRE TOOLS

Wire tools are basically used for making the polyline or wire with the help of
wire tool (Polyline). See the Fig. below,

For find the Wire tools, first click on the Draft menu Wire tools then
select object which you want.

The descriptions of Wire Tools are listed below:-

1.
UNDO LINE
Undoes the last segment of a line.
2.
FINISH LINE
Ends the drawing of the current wire or Bspline, without closing it.
3.
CLOSE LINE
Ends the drawing of the current wire or Bspline, and closes it.

6.2 VIEW TOOLS

This toos are very usefull for showing the object in different location. This tools
are always avilable in all workbenches.

The descriptions of View Tools are listed below:-

1.
FIT ALL
Fit the whole content on the screen without the zooming mode.
2.
DRAW STYLE
2.1
AS IS
It is draw style and keeps the object as it is.
2.2
FLAT LINES
This tool shows the object in flat mode.
2.3
SHADED
This tool shows the object in shaded mode.
2.4
WIREFRAME
This tool shows the object like wireframe.
2.5
POINTS
This tool shows the object like points
3.
AXOMETRIC VIEW
Set the object to Isometric view.
4.
FRONT VIEW
Set the object to Front view.

5.
TOP VIEW
Set the object to Top view.
6.
RIGHT VIEW
Set the object to Right view.
7.
REAR VIEW
Set the object to Rear view.
8.
BOTTOM VIEW
Set the object to Bottom view.
9.
LEF VIEW
Set the object to Left view.
10.
MEASURE DISTANCE
To use for measure the distance point to point.
6.3 EXTRA TOOLS

It is generally located at lift side corner of the Draft Command Bar. On
the Draft command bar, you will see three buttons: a line width setting, a line
colour button, and an "apply" button. If objects are selected when you change
those values, they will receive automatically the new values. If no object is
selected, the changes you make will apply to objects you will create later. At any
moment, you can hit the "apply" button to apply current settings to selected
objects.

The descriptions of Extra Tools are listed below:-

1.
SET WORKING PLANE

Sets a working plane from a standard view or a selected face.
2.
TOGGLE CONSTRUCTION MODE

Toggles the Draft construction mode on/off.
3.
LINE COLOR
Set the line in different colour.
4.
FACE COLOR
Set the face in different colour.
5.
LINE WIDTH
Set the width of line.
6.
FONT SIZE
Set the size of font.
7.
APPLY STYLE
Applies the current style and colour to selected objects.

END
5. OPERATION WITH – DRAFT

: - We have already discussed about the draft or draft workbench. The

Draft workbench allows to quickly drawing simple 2D objects in the current
document, and offers several tools to modify them afterwards. Now we will
discuss that, how to make drawing or module with draft workbench. During
operation with draft, the drawing tools and modifying tools play very important
roles for drawing the 2D objects. So first, we will learn, how to make simple 2D
drawing like Line, Polyline, Circle etc and its modification.

WORKING WITH DRAWING TOOLS

5.1 HOW TO MAKE LINE

LINE:- The Draft Line tool creates, straight line or two points line in the
current work plane. The Line tool behaves exactly like the Draft Wire tool,
except that it stops after two points. we can also change the colour and width of
line by using Extra tools.

OPERATION

1. Run or open the FreeCAD software.
2. Switch the Workbench and select the Draft.
3. Then, select the Line or press L then I from keyboard.
4. Click a first point on 3D view or type a coordinate (Combo View
Task and set X, Y, Z coordinate).

5. Click a second point on 3D view or type a coordinate (Combo View

PROPERTIES
:- The properties value tab are used for modification of line. Select
the Line from the Combo view Model and then put the value what ever you
want, in Property Value.

1. For placement to the line: - Property Data Placement.
2. For Line color, Line width, Point color of the line: - Property
View.
3. For starts the point of the line: - Property Data Start.
4. For end the point of the line: - Property Data Start.

5.2 HOW TO MAKE WIRE

WIRE: - The Draft Wire tool creates, a polyline or wire in the current
work plane. This Wire tool behaves like the Draft Line tool, except that it doesn't
stop after two points. We can also change the colour and width of wire by using
Extra tools.

OPERATION

3. Then, select the Wire or press W then I from keyboard.


5. Click an additional point on 3D view or type a coordinate (Combo View

6. Select Finish button for finish the wire from Combo View
Task.
7. Select Close button for close the wire from Combo View Task.
8. Or you can also press F or C form keyboard, or double-click the last
point, or click on the first point to finish or close the wire.

PROPERTIES
:- The properties value tab are used for modification of wire.
Select the Wire from the Combo view Model and then put the value what
ever you want, in Property Value.

1. For placement to the wire: - Property Data Placement.
2. For chamfer size: - Property Data Chamfer Size.
3. For closed the wire: - Property Data Closed (false \ true).
4. For fillet radius: - Property Data Fillet Radius.

5. For wire color, wire width, Point color of the wire: - Property
View.
6. For pattern style of the closed wire: - Property View Pattern.
7. For pattern size of the closed wire: - Property View Pattern
Size.

5.3 HOW TO MAKE CIRCLE

CIRCLE: - The Draft Circle tool creates a circle in the current work
plane by entering two pints, the centre and the radius. we can also change the
colour and width of circle by using these tools.

OPERATION

3. Then, select the Circle or press C then I from keyboard.


5. Click a second point on 3D view or entre a radius value (Combo View
Task Radius).

PROPERTIES
:- The properties value tab are used for modification of circle.
Select the Circle from the Combo view Model and then put the value what

1. For placement to the Circle: - Property Data Placement.
2. For first angle: - Property Data First Angle.
3. For last angle: - Property Data Last Angle.
4. For make a face: - Property Data Make Face (false/true).
5. For radius: - Property Data Radius value.
6. For circle color, circle width, Point color of the circle: - Property
View
5.4 HOW TO MAKE ARC

ARC: - The Arc tool creates an arc in the current work plane by the use
of four points, the centre, the radius, the first point and the last point. The arc is
also creates my drawing tangents or my any combination of those. we can also
change the colour and width of circle by using these tools.

OPERATION

3. Then, select the Arc or press A then R from keyboard.


5. Click a second point on 3D view or entre a radius value (Combo View
Task Radius).

6. Click a third point on 3D view or enter a start angle (Combo View
Task and put start angle value).

7. Click a last point on 3D view or enter an Aperture value (Combo View
Task and put Aperture value).

PROPERTIES
:- The properties value tab are used for modification of arc. Select
the Arc from the Combo view Model and then put the value what ever you

1. For placement to the Arc: - Property Data Placement.
3. For last angle or Aperture: - Property Data Last Angle.

4. For make a face: - Property Data Make Face (false/true). For
closed Arc.
6. For arc color, arc width, Point color of the arc: - Property View.

5.5 HOW TO MAKE ELLIPSE

ELLIPSE : - The ellipse tool creates an ellipse in the current work
plane by entering two points, defining the corner of a rectangular box in which
the ellipse will fit.

OPERATION

3. Then, select the Ellipse or press E then L from keyboard.



PROPERTIES
:- The properties value tab are used for modification of ellipse.
Select the Ellipse from the Combo view Model and then put the value what

1. For placement to the Ellipse: - Property Data Placement.
3. For last angle or Aperture: - Property Data Last Angle.
4. For make a major radius: - Property Data Major Radius

value.

6. For make a minor radius: - Property Data Minor Radius
value.
7. For Line color, Line width, Point color of the line: - Property
View.

5.6 HOW TO MAKE POLYGON

POLYGON : - The polygon tool creates a regular polygon in the

current work plane by picking two points, the center and a second point defining
a radius.

OPERATION

3. Then, select the Polygon or press P then G from keyboard.


5. Set the desired number of sides of polygon (Combo View Task and
put the Sides value).

6. Click a second point on 3D view or type a radius value (Combo View
Task and set Radius value).

PROPERTIES
:- The properties value tab are used for modification of Polygon.
Select the Polygon from the Combo view Model and then put the value what

1. For placement to the Polygon: - Property Data Placement.

3. For draw mode: - Property Data Draw Mode
(inscribed/circumscribed).
4. For face number or number of sides: - Property Data Face
Num….
6. For make a curvature radius: - Property Data Radius value.
7. For ellipse color, ellipse width, Point color of the ellipse: - Property
View.

5.7 HOW TO MAKE RECTANGLE

RECTANGLE : - The draft rectangle tool creates a Rectangle in the
current work plane by taking two opposite points.

OPERATION

3. Then, select the Rectangle or press R then E from keyboard.

4. Click a first corner point on 3D view or type a coordinate (Combo View
5. Click a second opposite corner point on 3D view or type a coordinate
(Combo View Task and set X, Y, Z coordinate).

PROPERTIES
:- The properties value tab are used for modification of rectangle.
Select the Rectangle from the Combo view Model and then put the value
what ever you want, in Property Value.

1. For placement to the rectangle: - Property Data Placement.
3. For make a fillet radius: - Property Data Fillet Radius value.
4. For make a height: - Property Data Height value.
5. For make a length: - Property Data Length value.

7. For rectangle color, rectangle width, Point color of the rectangle: -
Property View.

5.8 HOW TO MAKE TEXT ANNOTATION

TEXT : - The text tool is use for draw a multi-line annotation text at a
given point in the current work plane.

OPERATION

3. Then, select the Text or press T then E from keyboard.

4. Click a first corner point on 3D view or type a coordinate (Combo View

5. Enter the desired text, pressing ENTER between each line (Combo
View Task and type the desired Text).

6. Press ENTER twice to finished the operation.

PROPERTIES
:- The properties value tab are used for modification of text. Select
the text from the Combo view Model and then put the value what ever you

1. For label Text: - Property Data Label Text.
2. For position of text: - Property Data Position.
3. For make display mode: - Property View Display Mode
(Screen/World).

4. For make a font size: - Property View Font Size.
5. For make an aligned of text: - Property View Justification
(Left/Right/Centre).

6. For line spacing: - Property View Line Spacing.
7. For rotation axis: - Property View Rotation Axis.
8. For text color: - Property View Text Color.
9. For visibility of text: - Property View Visibility (false/true).

5.9 HOW TO MAKE DIMENSION

DIMENSION : - The dimension tool use to create a dimension in
the current work plane with two points defining the distance to measure, and a
third point specifying where the dimension line passes.

OPERATION

3. Then, select the Dimension or press D then I from keyboard.



6. Click a third point on 3D view or type a coordinate (Combo View

PROPERTIES
:- The properties value tab are used for modification of dimension.
Select the dimension from the Combo view Model and then put the value
what ever you want, in Property Value.

1. For arrow size of dimension: - Property View Arrow Size.
2. For arrow type of dimension: - Property View Arrow Type.
3. For dimension color, width, Point color of the dimension: - Property
View.
4. For start point of dimension: - Property View Start Point.
5. For end point of dimension: - Property View End Point.

5.10 HOW TO MAKE B-SPLINE

B-SPLINE : - The B-spline tool is use to create a B-spline curve with
the help of several points in the current work plane. This tool all most behaves
like the Draft tool.

OPERATION

3. Then, select the B-spline or press B then S from keyboard.


5. Click an additional point on 3D view or type a coordinate (Combo View

6. Then press F or C or double click on the last point.

7. You can also click on the first point for finish or close the spline.

PROPERTIES
:- The properties value tab are used for modification of B-spline. Select the B-
spline from the Combo view Model and then put the value what ever you

1. For closed the spline: - Property Data Closed (false/true).
2. For make a face: - Property Data Make face (false/true – only
for closed spline).
3. For spline color, width, Point color of the B-spline: - Property
View.

5.11 HOW TO MAKE POINT

POINT : - The point tool is use to creates a simple point in current work
plane.

OPERATION

3. Then, select the Point or press P then T from keyboard.

4. Click a point on 3D view or type a coordinate (Combo View Task
and set X, Y, Z coordinate).

PROPERTIES
:- The properties value tab are used for modification of Point. Select the point
from the Combo view Model and then put the value what ever you want, in
Property Value.

1. For Placement: - Property Data X or Y or Z value.
2. For Point color, point size: - Property View.

5.12 HOW TO MAKE SHAPE STRING

SHAPE STRING: - The shape String tool is used to inserts a
compound shape representing a text string at a given point in the current work
plane.

OPERATION

3. Then, select the Shape string or press S then S from keyboard.

5. Put the desired text (Ex - Nut and Bolt) and press the Enter.
6. Put the text height and press Enter.
7. Put the desired tracking and press Enter.
8. Press the Enter and accept the displayed font file or set the font.

NOTE: -
You can set the defulet Font design form following steps,
1. Select the Edit menu.
2. Then select the Prefernces and press the Draft.
3. Select the Visual setting and set the desired font design from Default
Shape String Font File (see the figure).

PROPERTIES
:- The properties value tab are used for modification of Shape String. Select the
Shape String from the Combo view Model and then put the value what ever
you want, in Property Value.

1. For Placement: - Property Data Placement (X or Y or Z
value).
2. For font file: - Property Data Font File.
3. For size of string: - Property Data Size.

4. For string test: - Property Data String.
5. For tracking: - Property Data Tracking.
6. You can also set the color of string form Property View.
5.13 HOW TO MAKE FACEBINDER

FACEBINDER : - The facebinder is a very simple object constructed
from selected faces of other object. It can also use for example for making an
extraction out of a collection of faces from other objects.

OPERATION

2. Follow the video tutorial link for further procedure and for better
understanding.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QfhbCkWt2iU
(How to use Facebinder tool in FreeCAD) 5.14 HOW TO MAKE BEZIER

CURVE

BEZIER CURVE : - The Bezcurve or Bezier Curve tool is use to
create a Bezier curve or a piecewise Bezier curve in current work plane with the
help of several points.

OPERATION

3. Then, select the Bezcurve or press B then Z from keyboard.


5. Click another or additional point on 3D view or type a coordinate
(Combo View Task and set X, Y, Z coordinate).

6. Double-click the last point, or click on the first point to finish and close
the curve or Press F or C.

PROPERTIES
:- The properties value tab are used for modification of Bezcurve. Select the
Bezcurve from the Combo view Model and then put the value what ever you

1. For Placement: - Property Data Placement (X or Y or Z
value).
2. For close the Bezcurve: - Property Data Closed (false/true).
3. For degree of the Bezcurve: - Property Data Degree.

4. For make a face of the Bezcurve: - Property Data Make face
(only for closed curve).
WORKING WITH MODIFYING TOOLS

: - In Draft workbench, the modifying tools play a great roll to modifying the
objects. They work on selected objects. If you will use the modifying tools
without selecting the object, it gives error so make it correct.

1. HOW TO USE MOVE, ROTATE, OFFSET &
TRIMEX TOOLS

MOVE: - The Move tool moves or copies the selected objects from one
point to another on the current work plane.

ROTATE : - This tool rotates or copies the selected objects by a given
angle around a point on the current work plane .

OFFSET : - The Offset tool offsets the selected object by a given
distance on the current work plane .

TRIMEX : - This tool is use to trims/cuts and extends lines and
polylines, and extrudes faces on current work plane.

OPERATION

Follow the video tutorial link for how to use these tools.
https://youtu.be/-mzOmATi0Ws
[HOW TO USE MODIFYING TOOLS IN FreeCAD (PART -1)]

2. HOW TO USE UPGRADE, DOWNGRADE,
SCALE & EDIT TOOLS

UPGRADE : - This tool is use to upgrades selected objects in different
ways. If no object is selected, you will be invited to select one.

DOWNGRADE: - This too is use to downgrades selected objects in
different ways. If no object is selected, you will be invited to select one.

SCALE : - This tool is use to scales selected object(s) around a base
point. If no object is selected, you will be invited to select one. It can also be
used to mirror objects.

EDIT: - The edit tool allows you to edit graphically certain properties of
the selected object, such as the vertices of a Wire, or the length and width of a
Rectangle, or the radius of a Circle.

OPERATION

https://youtu.be/N1bk2XEKxBo

3. HOW TO USE WIRE TO BSPLINE, ADD POINT,
DELETE POINT & SHAPE 2D VIEW

WIRE TO BSPLINE : - The wire to Bspline tool is use to converts
Wires to Bsplines, and vice-versa.

ADD POINT : - This tool allows you to add additional points to wires
and Bsplines.

DELETE POINT : - This tool allows you to delete or remove
additional points to wires and Bsplines.
SHAPE 2D VIEW : - This tool places in the document a 2D object
which is a flattened view of a selected Shape - based object.

OPERATION

https://youtu.be/a01TTbkL-o8

4. HOW TO USE DRAFT TO SKETCH, ARRAY,
PATH ARRAY, CLONE & DRAWING

DRAFT TO SKETCH : - This tool is use to convert Draft objects
to Sketcher objects and vice-versa.

ARRAY : - The Array tool creates an orthogonal (3-axes) or polar array
from a selected object. If no object is selected, you will be invited to select one.

PATH ARRAY : - The Path Array tool places copies of a selected
shape along a selected path. The path can be a Wire or one or more Edges. The
shapes can optionally be aligned with the tangent of the path. If required, a
translation Vector can be specified to shift the shapes so the centroid is on the
path. If no objects are selected, you will be invited to select them.

CLONE : - This tool produces a clone (a copy that is parametrically
bound to the original object) of a selected object. If the original object changes,
the clone changes too, but keeps its position, rotation and scale .

DRAWING : - This tool is use to allows you to put selected objects on
a svg Drawing sheet If no sheet exists in the document, a default one will be
created.

OPERATION

https://youtu.be/C38ztrtad-M

END

: - The Sketcher Workbench is used to create 2D geometries intended for

use in the Part Design Workbench and other workbenches. This workbench
itself features constraints - allowing 2D shapes to be constrained to precise
geometrical definitions and a constraint solver which calculates the constrained-
extent of 2D geometry and allows interactive exploration of sketch degrees-of-
freedom.

WHAT ARE CONSTRAINTS ?
Constraints are used to limit the degrees of freedom of an object. For example, a
line without constraints has 4 degrees of freedom: it can be moved horizontally
or vertically, it can be stretched, and it can be rotated.
Applying a horizontal or vertical constraint, or an angle constraint (relative to
another line or to one of the axes), will limit its capacity to rotate, thus leaving it
with 3 degrees of freedom. Locking one of its points in relation to the origin will
remove another 2 degrees of freedom. And applying a dimension constraint will
remove the last degree of freedom. The line is then considered fully-constrained.
Multiple objects can be constrained between one another. Two lines can be
joined through one of their points with the coincident point constraint. An angle
can be set between them, or they can be set perpendicular. A line can be tangent
to an arc or a circle, and so on.
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN TRADITIONAL
DRAFTING & CONSTRAINT SKETCHING
Traditional Drafting: -
The traditional way of CAD drafting inherits from the old drawing
board. Orthogonal (2D) views are drawn manually and intended for producing
technical drawings (also known as blueprints). Objects are drawn precisely to the
intended size or dimension. If you want to draw an horizontal line 100mm in
length starting at (0,0), you activate the line tool, either click on the screen or
input the (0,0) coordinates for the first point, then make a second click or input
the second point coordinates at (100,0). Or you will draw your line without
regard to its position, and move it afterward. When you've finished drawing your
geometries, you add dimensions to them.
Constraint Sketching: -
The Sketcher moves away from this logic. Objects do not need to be drawn
exactly as you intend to, because they will be defined later on by constraints.
Objects can be drawn loosely, and as long as they are unconstrained, can be
modified. They are in effect "floating" and can be moved, stretched, rotated,
scaled, and so on. This gives great flexibility in the design process.
6.1 SKETCHER GEOMETRIES TOOLS

The Sketcher Geometries tools are used to create the 2D object in sketcher
workbench.

The descriptions of Sketcher Geometries Tools are listed below:-

a) POINT: - This tool is use to create a point

in the current sheet of Sketcher.

b) LINE: - The Line tool is use to create a

two point line in the current sheet.

c) ARC: - This tool is use to draw an arc in
3D view.

Arc By Centre and End Points: This

tool draws an arc by picking three points: the center, the start angle
along the radius, and the end angle.

Arc By End Points and Rim Point:

This tool draws an arc segment from two endpoints and another
point on the circumference .

d) CIRCLE: - This tool is use to draw a

circle in current sheet of Sketcher.

Circle By Centre and Rim

Point: This tool draws a circle by picking two points: the center,
and a point along the radius.

Circle By Three Rim Points: This

tool is use to draws a circle from three points on the

circumference.

e) CONIC SECTION: - This tool is use to

create a conic section on sketcher workbench environment.

Ellipse By Centre: This tool is use to

draws an ellipse by center point, major radius point and minor

radius point.

Ellipse By 3 Points: This tool is use

to create an ellipse by major diameter (2 points) and minor radius

point.

Arc Of Ellipse: This tool is use to

draws an arc of ellipse by center point, major radius point, starting

point and ending point.

f) POLYLINE: - This tool works like

the Sketcher Line tool, but creates continuous line segments connected by
their vertices.

g) RECTANGLE : - This tool is use to

create a rectangle from two opposite points.

h) POLYGON : - This tool is use to create

an regular polygon in the current sheet of sketcher.

Triangle : This tool is use to draws a

equilateral triangle inscribed in a construction geometry circle .

Square: This tool is use to create a

Draws a regular square inscribed in a construction geometry

circle.

Pentagon: This tool is use to create a

regular pentagon inscribed in a construction geometry circle.

Hexagon : This tool is use to create

a regular hexagon inscribed in a construction geometry circle.

Heptagon : This tool is use to create

a regular heptagon inscribed in a construction geometry circle.

Octagon : This tool is use to create a
regular octagon inscribed in a construction geometry circle.

i) SLOT : - This tool is use to draws a slot

by selecting the center of one semicircle and an endpoint of the other

semicircle .

j) FILLET : - This tool is use to make a

fillet between two lines joined at one point. Activate the tool, then select both
lines or click on the corner point.

k) TRIMMING : - This tool trims a line or circle to the nearest
overlapping line.
l)
EXTERNAL GEOMETRY: - This tool is used constrain elements of
a sketch with reference to an element of an external solid, to which the sketch
has been mapped.
m) CONSTRUCTION MODE : - This tool toggles sketch geometry

from/to construction mode. It can be used on any type of geometry: line, arc
or circle. Construction geometry is an important tool of the sketcher.

6.2 SKETCHER CONSTRAINTS TOOLS

Sketcher Constraints tools are used to define lengths, set rules between sketch
elements, and to lock the sketch along the vertical and horizontal axes.
The descriptions of Sketcher Constraints Tools are listed below:-

a) COINCIDENT : - This constraint tool takes two points as its argument

and serves to make the two points coincident. (Meaning to make them as-
one-point).

b) POINT ON OBJECT : - This tool is use to affixes a point onto another

object such as a line, arc, or axis.

c) VERTICAL : - This tool is use to creates a vertical constraint to the

selected lines or polylines elements. In this more than one object can be
selected before applying this constraint.

d) HORIZONTAL : - This tool is use to creates a horizontal constraint
to the selected lines or polylines elements. In this more than one object can be
selected before applying this constraint.

e) PARALLEL : - This tool is use to make constrains two or more lines

parallel to one another.

f) PERPENDICULAR : - Perpendicular Constraint makes two lines to

be perpendicular to each other, or two curves to be perpendicular at their

intersection. In this lines are treated as infinite, and arcs are treated as full
circles/ellipses.

g) TANGENT :- Tangent Constraint makes two curves to touch each
other (be tangent). Lines are treated as infinite, and arcs are treated as full
circles/ellipses. This constraint is also capable of connecting two curves,
forcing them tangent at the joint, thus making the joint smooth.

h) EQUAL LENGTH : - The Constrain Equal constraint forces two or
more line segments in a line , polyline or rectangle to have equal length. If
applied to arcs or circles the radii are constrained to be equal. It cannot be
applied to geometry primitives which are not of the same type (e.g. line
segments and arcs).

i)
SYMMETRIC : - This tool is use to constrains two selected points to
be symmetrical around a given line, i.e., both selected points are constrained
to lie on a normal to the line through both points and are constrained to be
equidistant from the line. Alternatively it can constrain two points to be
symmetric with respect to a third one.

j) LOCK : - This tool is use to constraint any item fully. ( Note:- it is

advice that this tool is exclusively used on points for the time being.) k)
HORIZONTAL DISTANCE : - This tool is use to fixes the horizontal

distance between 2 points or line ends. If only one item is selected, the
distance is set to the origin.

l) VERTICAL DISTANCE : - This tool is use to fixes the vertical

distance between 2 points or line ends. If only one item is selected, the
distance is set to the origin.

m) LENGTH : - Constraint Length constrains the length of a line, the
perpendicular distance between a point and a line or the distance between two
points to have a specified value.

n) RADIUS : - This constraint, constrains the value of the radius of a
circle or arc to have a specific value. Only one arc or circle can be
constrained at a time.

o) INTERNAL ANGLE : - This tool is a datum constraint intended to fix
angles in sketch .

p) SNELLS LAW : - This tool is use to constrains two lines to follow
the law of refraction of light as it penetrates through an interface, where two
materials of different refraction indices meet.

6.3 OTHER TOOLS

The descriptions of Other Tools are listed below:-

a) CLOSE SHAPE: - This tool is use to produce shape by link end point
of element with next element’s.

b) CONNECT EDGE: - This tool is use to connect edge by link end
point of element with next element’s.

c) SELECT CONSTRAINTS: - This tool is use to select the constraints

associated to the selected elements.

d) SHOW/HIDE INTERNAL GEOMETRY: - This tool is use to deletes

unused elements aligned to internal geometry, or recreates the missing ones.

e) NEW SKETCH: - This tool is use to creates a new sketch on a

selected face or plane.

f)
EDIT SKETCH : - This command is use to edit the selected Sketch.

g) LEAVE SKETCH : - This command is use to leave the Sketch

editing mode.

h) VIEW SKETCH : - This tool sets the model view perpendicular to the

sketch plane. It is useful when the user has changed the model view
orientation to examine another aspect of the model and wants to return to a
view normal to the sketch.

i)
MAPE SKETCH TO FACE: - This tool maps an existing sketch on
the face of a shape.

6.4 VIEW TOOLS

NOTE: -

The description of this command is already discussed in chapter Number – 4.

END
7. OPERATION WITH – SKETCHER

: - The Sketcher Workbench is used to create 2D geometries intended for

use in the Part Design Workbench and other workbenches. This workbench
itself features constraints - allowing 2D shapes to be constrained to precise
geometrical definitions and a constraint solver which calculates the constrained-
extent of 2D geometry and allows interactive exploration of sketch degrees-of-
freedom.

WORKING WITH SKETCHER GEOMETRIES TOOLS

7.1 HOW TO DRAW POINT

OPERATION

2. Switch the Workbench and select the Sketcher.
3. Click on new sketch tool.

4. Then select the Plane(XY, XZ, YZ) from Choose orientation window.

5. Select the Point tool.
6. Click a point on 3D view, where you want to draw a point.
7. Then press the Esc button or click on Close tap from left side of the
combo view.

7.2 HOW TO DRAW 2 POINT LINE

OPERATION


5. Select the Line tool.
6. Click a first point on 3D view, where you want to make a line.
7. Click a another or second point on 3D view.
combo view.
7.3 HOW TO DRAW ARC

The Arc tool is use to create a two types of arc. First one is arc by center & end
points and second one is arc by end point & rim point.

OPERATION



5. Select the Arc tool by centre & end pint.
6. Or select the Arc tool by end & rim point.
7. Click a first point or centre point on 3D view.
8. Click a second point or set radius on 3D view.
9. Click a third point at same radius on 3D view.
10. Then press the Esc button or click on Close tap from left side of

the combo view.

7.4 HOW TO DRAW CIRCLE

The Circle tool is use to create a two types of circle. First one is circle by center
& rim points and second one is circle by 3 rim points.

OPERATION


5. Select the Circle tool by centre & rim point.
6. Or select the Circle tool by 3 rim points.

8. Click a second point or set radius on 3D view.
combo view.

7.5 HOW TO DRAW CONIC SECTIONS (Ellipse)

This tool is use to create a three types of conic section on

sketcher workbench environment.First one is Ellipse by
centre, second one is Ellipse by 3 points and third one is
arc of Ellipse.

1. ELLIPSE BY CENTRE, MAJOR RADOUS & MINOR RADIUS
POINTS : -

OPERATION


5. Select the Ellipse tool.

7. Click a second point or major radius point on 3D view.
8. Click a third point or minor radius point on 3D view.
combo view.

2. ELLIPSE BY PERIAPSIS, APOAPSIS & MINOR RADIUS
POINTS: -

OPERATION



6. Click a first point or periapsis point on 3D view.
7. Click a second point or apoapsis point on 3D view.
8. Click a third point or minor radius point on 3D view.
combo view.

3. ELLIPSE BY CENTRE, MAJOR RADIUS STARTING & END
POINTS: -

OPERATION



6. Click a first point or ellipse centre point on 3D view.
7. Click a second point or major radius point on 3D view. This makes
orientation of the ellipse.
8. Click a third point or start of the arc point on 3D view.
9. Click a fourth point oe end of the arc point on 3D view.
10. Then press the Esc button or click on Close tap from left side of

the combo view.

7.6 HOW TO DRAW POLYLINE

OPERATION


5. Select the Polyline tool.

6. Click a first point, second point , third point, fourth and so, on sketcher
environment.
combo view.
7.7 HOW TO DRAW RECTANGLE

OPERATION



5. Select the Rectangle tool.

6. Click a first point on sketcher environment.
7. Then move the mouse and click a second point on 3D view.
combo view.

7.8 HOW TO DRAW REGULAR POLYGON

OPERATION



5. Select the Polygon tool.

combo view.

7.9 HOW TO DRAW SLOT

OPERATION


5. Select the Slot tool.

combo view.

7.10 HOW TO MAKES FILLET

OPERATION


5. Draw a two lines as you want or follow the above figure.
6. Select the Fillet tool.

7. Click at first line on sketcher environment.
8. Click at second line on sketcher environment to make fillet.
combo view.

7.11 HOW TO MAKES TRIMMING

OPERATION

5. Draw a lines as you want or follow the above figure.
6. Select the Trimming tool.

7. Then click on the line that you want to make a trim on sketcher
environment.
combo view.
7.12 HOW TO MAKE EXTERNAL GEOMETRY

This tool is basically used in Part design workbench. The operation of this tool is
explain in next chapter(see the chapter No. – 11) 7.13 HOW TO USE

CONSTRUCTION MODE TOOL

OPERATION

5. Draw a lines as you want or follow the above figure.

6. Then click on the line that you want to make a construction mode on
sketcher environment.
7. Select the Construction mode tool.
combo view.
9. once your finished sketch, sketch and leaving the forms used in
construction mode, have become invisible to the screen.

WORKING WITH SKETCHER CONSTRAINTS

1. HOW TO MAKE COINCIDENT CONSTRAINT

OPERATION

1. First of all, select the one point of line to make the highlight of point (see
Fig. – 1).
2. Again select the second point of line to make the highlight of point (see
Fig. – 1).
3. A highlighted item will change colour to green.
4. Subsequent items can be highlighted by repeating the above
procedure(s) NOTE: There is no-need to hold-down any special key like
Ctrl to achieve multiple item selection in a drawing.

5. Then click on the Coincident constraint tool.
6. The two points to become coincident and be replaced by a single
point(see Fig. – 2).
combo view.
8. If you again want to edit in sketch, make a Double Click on Sketch form
Combo view.

2. HOW TO MAKE POINT ON OBJECT
CONSTRAINT

OPERATION

1. First of all, select the one object (arc or etc) to make the highlight (see
Fig. – 1).
2. Again select the point of line or point of object to make the highlight of
point.
4. Then click on the Point on object constraint tool.
5. The two objects to become point on object (see Fig. – 2).

combo view.
Combo view.

3. HOW TO MAKE VERTICAL CONSTRAINT

OPERATION

1. First of all, select the line or polyline to make the highlight (see Fig. –
1).
2. In this, more than one object can be selected.

4. Then click on the Vertical constraint tool.
5. A line to become vertical line (see Fig. – 2).
combo view.
Combo view.

4. HOW TO MAKE HORIZONTAL CONSTRAINT

OPERATION

1. First of all, select the line or polyline to make the highlight (see Fig. –
1).
2. In this, more than one object can be selected.

4. Then click on the Horizontal constraint tool.
5. A lines to become horizontal line (see Fig. – 2).
combo view.
Combo view.
5. HOW TO MAKE PARALLEL CONSTRAINT

OPERATION

1. First of all, draw the two lines (see Fig. – 1).
2. select the lines to make the highlight (see Fig. – 2).

4. Then click on the Parallel constraint tool.
5. A lines to become parallel line (see Fig. – 3).
combo view.
Combo view.

6. HOW TO MAKE PERPENDICULAR
CONSTRAINT

OPERATION

1. First of all, draw the two lines (see Fig. – 1).
2. select the lines to make the highlight (see Fig. – 2).

4. Then click on the Perpendicular constraint tool.
5. A lines to become parallel line (see Fig. – 3).
combo view.
Combo view.
Note: There are four different ways the perpendicular constraint can be
applied: a) between two curves (available not for all curves).

b) between two endpoints of a curve.

c) between a curve and an endpoint of another curve.

d) between two curves at user-defined point.

7. HOW TO MAKE TANGENT CONSTRAINT

OPERATION

1. First of all, draw the two objects (see Fig. – 1).
2. select the objects to make the highlight.

4. Then click on the Tangent constraint tool.
5. The line become tangent with circle (see Fig. – 2).
combo view.
Combo view.
Note: There are four different ways the perpendicular constraint can be
applied: a) between two curves (available not for all curves).

b) between two endpoints of a curve.

c) between a curve and an endpoint of another curve.

d) between two curves at user-defined point.

8. HOW TO MAKE EQUAL LENGTH

CONSTRAINT

OPERATION

1. First of all, draw the two objects (line, poly-line, rectangle, arc and
circle. see Fig. – 1 ).

2. select the objects to make the highlight.

4. Then click on the Equal length constraint tool.
5. The object become equal in length (see Fig. – 2).
combo view.
9. HOW TO MAKE SYMMETRIC CONSTRAINT

OPERATION

1. Select the two points(vertices) in the sketch to make the highlight (see
Fig. – 1 ).
2. Then select a line to make the highlight (see Fig. – 1 ).

4. Then click on the Symmetric constraint tool.
5. Then it became symmetric (see Fig. – 2).
combo view.
Combo view.

10. HOW TO MAKE SYMMETRIC CONSTRAINT

OPERATION

1. Select the point of the object in the sketch to make the highlight (see Fig.
– 1 ).

3. Then click on the Lock constraint tool.
4. Then usually it manifests as two constraints: a horizontal distance
constraint from the drawing axis origin, and a vertical constraint from
the drawing axis origin (see Fig. – 2).

5. The vertical and horizontal constraints forming the lock can be edited by
double clicking on the appropriate constraint (see Fig. – 2) to be edited
either in the drawing itself or in the Constraint tab of the Combo View
pane.

combo view.
Combo view.

11. HOW TO SET HORIZONTAL DISTANCE
CONSTRAINT

OPERATION

1. Select the two points(vertices) you wish to set a horizontal distance (see
Fig. – 1).
2. You can also select the line.
3. A selected items becomes highlighted and it will change colour to
green.
4. Then click on the Horizontal distance constraint tool.
5. Then horizontal distance constraint will appear (see Fig. – 2).

6. you can also edit the distance value by double clicking on the
appropriate constraint.
combo view.
Combo view.

12. HOW TO SET VERTICAL DISTANCE
CONSTRAINT

OPERATION

1. Select the two points(vertices) you wish to set a horizontal distance (see
Fig. – 1).

green.
4. Then click on the Vertical distance constraint tool.
5. Then vertical distance constraint will appear (see Fig. – 2).
6. you can also edit the distance value by double clicking on the
appropriate constraint.
combo view.
Combo view.
13. HOW TO SET LENGTH CONSTRAINT

OPERATION

1. Select the two points (vertices) you wish to set a length (see Fig. – 1).
green.
4. Then click on the Length constraint tool.
5. Then length constraint will appear (see Fig. – 2).

6. you can also edit the length value by double clicking on the appropriate
constraint.
combo view.
Combo view.

14. HOW TO MAKE RADIUS CONSTRAINT

OPERATION

1. Select the Circle or Arc you wish to make radius constraint (see Fig. –
1).
green.
3. Then click on the Radius constraint tool.
4. Then radius constraint will appear (see Fig. – 2).
5. you can also edit the radius value by double clicking on the appropriate
constraint.
combo view.
Combo view.

15. HOW TO MAKE INTERNAL ANGLE
CONSTRAINT

There are four different ways the constraint can be applied: a) to individual lines

b) between lines c) to intersections of curves d) to arcs of circles

OPERATION

1. Select one, two or three entities in the sketch wish to make radius
constraint
(see Fig. – 1).

green.
3. Then click on the Internal angle constraint tool.
4. Then internal angle constraint will appear (see Fig. – 2).
5. you can also edit the angle value by double clicking on the appropriate
constraint.
combo view.
Combo view.

16. HOW TO MAKE SNELL’S LAW CONSTRAINT

Constrains two lines to follow the law of refraction of light as it penetrates
through an interface, where two materials of different refraction indices meet.

USE OF SNELL’S LAW :

OPERATION

1. Select endpoint of one line, an endpoint of second line and a curve to act
as a interface,
(see Fig. – 1).

green.
3. Then click on the Snell’s law constraint tool.
4. A dialog will appear asking for a ratio of indices of refraction n2/n1 (see
Fig. – 2).
5. In this, n2 corresponds to the medium where the second selected
endpoint's line resides, n1 is for the first line.

6. Then Snell’s law constraint will appear (see Fig. – 3).
combo view.
Combo view.

WORKING WITH OTHER SKETCHER TOOLS

1. HOW TO MAKE CLOSE SHAPE

OPERATION

1. Select more than two edges of an element you wish to make a close
shape
(see Fig. – 1).


green.
3. Then click on the Close shape constraint tool.
4. Then close shape constraint will appear (see Fig. – 2).
combo view.
Combo view.

2. HOW TO MAKE CONNECT EDGES

OPERATION

1. Select two edges of an element you wish to make a connect edges (see
Fig. – 1).


green.
3. Then click on the Connect edges constraint tool.

4. Then connect edges constraint will appear (see Fig. – 2).
combo view.
Combo view.

3. HOW TO MAKE SHOW/HIDE GEOMETRY

This too is currently working with only Ellipse or with Arc of ellipse.

OPERATION

1. Create a new ellipse.
2. Select minor or major diameter or both and hit the Delete button (see
Fig. – 1).

3. A selected items becomes highlighted and it will change colour to green.

4. Then the diameter is gone, but the ellipse remains (see Fig. – 2).
5. Click on the Show/Hide geometry constraint tool.
6. The diameter is restored (see Fig. – 3).
combo view.
Combo view.

4. HOW TO SET NEW SKETCH

This will create a new sketch in the working environment .

OPERATION

a) Run or open the FreeCAD software.

b) Switch the Workbench and select the Sketcher.

c) Click on new sketch tool.

d) Then select the Plane(XY, XZ, YZ) from Choose orientation window.

e) You can change an offset to any of the three planes and the side of the

offset.

5. HOW TO USE EDIT SKETCH

This command is use to edit the selected Sketch.

How to Use

5. Make a some sketch (line, polyline, arc etc.).
combo view.
7. Now select the Sketch from combo view (see the above figure).
8. Then click on Edit sketch command.
9. You will again come back on the sketcher environment or edit mode
environment .

6. HOW TO USE LEAVE SKETCH

This command is use to leave the Sketch editing mode.

How to Use


5. Make a some sketch (line, polyline, arc etc.).

combo view.
7. Now select the Sketch from combo view (see the above figure).
8. Then click on Edit sketch command.
9. You will again come back on the sketcher environment or edit mode
environment .
10. Now click on

Leave sketch command.
11. You will again come back on the non sketcher environment.

7. HOW TO USE VIEW SKETCH

This command is useful when the user has changed the model view orientation
to examine another aspect of the model and wants to return to a view normal to
the sketch.

8. HOW TO USE MAP SKETCH TO FACE
COMMAND

The use of this command will discuss in chapter number - 11 (11. WORKING
WITH - PART DESIGN).

END
8. PART WORKBENCH

The part workbench allows to quickly drawing simple 3D
objects in the current document. It includes basic tools for creating and
modifying the objects.

8.1 PRIMITIVES TOOLS

Primitives tool are used for creating primitive objects.

The descriptions of Primitives Tools are listed below:-
a) BOX : - Draws a box by specifying its dimensions.
b) CYLINDER : - Draws a cylinder by specifying its dimensions.
c) SPHERE : - Draws a sphere by specifying its dimensions.
d) CONE : - Draws a cone by specifying its dimensions.
e) TORUS : - Draws a torus (ring) by specifying its dimensions.

f) CREATE PRIMITIVES : - A tool to create various parametric
geometric primitives.
g) SHAPE BUILDER: - A tool to create more complex shapes from
various parametric 8.2 MODIFYING OBJECT TOOLS - 1

These are tools for modifying existing objects. They will allow you to choose
which object to modify.

The descriptions of Modifying Object Tools - 1 are listed below:-
a) BOOLEAN : - Performs Boolean operations on objects.
b) CUT : - Cuts (subtracts) one object from another.
c) UNION : - Fuses (unions) two objects.
d) COMMON : - Extracts the common (intersection) part of two objects
e) CHECK GEOMETRY : - The check geometry tool allows you to

verify if you have a valid solid.

f) SECTION : - Creates a section by intersecting an object with a
section plane g) CROSS SECTION : - Creates a cross section by

intersecting an object with a section plane.

8.3 MODIFYING OBJECT TOOLS - 2

These are also tools for modifying existing objects. They will allow you to
choose which object to modify.

The descriptions of Modifying Object Tools - 1 are listed below:-
a) EXTRUDE : - Extrude planar faces of an object.
b) REVOLVE : - Creates a solid by revolving another object (not solid)

around an axis.
c) Mirror : - Mirrors the selected object on a given mirror plane.
d) FILLET : - Fillets (rounds) edges of an object.
e) CHAMFER : - Chamfers edges of an object f) RULED

SURFACE : - Ruled the surface of an object.
g) LOFT : - Lofts from one profile to another.

h) SWEEP : - Sweeps one or more profiles along a path.
i)
OFFSET : - Creates a scaled copy of the original object.
j)
THICKNESS : - Assign a thickness to the faces of a shape.

8.4 OTHER TOOLS

The descriptions of Other Tools are listed below:-
a) MEASURE LINER : - Allows you to make linear measurements.
b) MEASURE ANGULAR : - Allows you to make angular
measurements.
c) CLEAR ALL : - Deletes all measures.
d) TOGGLE ALL : - Shows or hides all measures .
e) TOGGLE 3D : - Shows or hides 3D measurements.
f) TOGGLE DELTA : - Shows or hides Delta measurements.

6.5 VIEW TOOLS

NOTE: -


6.6 SOME EXTRA TOOLS

These tools are in development phase except tool number 3& 4 (see above fig.).
Above listed tools are not much use in part workbench.

END
9. OPERATION WITH – PART

The part workbench allows to quickly drawing simple 3D objects in the

current document. It includes basic tools for creating and modifying the objects.
The Part module allows FreeCAD to access and use the Open CasCade objects
and functions. OpenCascade is a professional-level CAD kernel, that features
advanced 3D geometry manipulation and objects.

WORKING WITH PART PRIMITIVES TOOLS

9.1 HOW TO MAKE SOLID CUBE

This tool is use to create a default box or solid cube in 3D environment.

OPERATION

2. Switch the Workbench and select the Part.
3. Then, select the Cube tool.
4. A box or cube with standard dimension and position will be created.

PROPERTIES
:- The properties value tab are used for modification of Cube. Select the Cube
Property Value.

1. For placement of cube: - Property Data Placement.
2. For length: - Property Data Length value.
3. For width: - Property Data Width value.
4. For height: - Property Data Height value.
5. For box Shape color, Draw style, Transparency etc: - Property
View.

9.2 HOW TO MAKE CYLINDER

This tool is use to create a simple cylinder with position, radius height and angle
in 3D environment.

OPERATION

3. Then, select the Cylinder tool.
4. A cylinder with standard dimension and position will be created.

PROPERTIES
:- The properties value tab are used for modification of Cylinder. Select the
Cylinder from the Combo view Model and then put the value what ever you

1. For placement of cylinder: - Property Data Placement.
4. For angle: - Property Data Angle.
5. For cylinder Shape color, Draw style, Transparency etc: - Property
View.

9.3 HOW TO MAKE SOLID SPHERE

This tool is use to create a solid sphere with position, radius, angle1, angle2 &
angle3 in 3D environment.

OPERATION

3. Then, select the Sphere tool.

4. A solid sphere with standard dimension and position will be created.

PROPERTIES
:- The properties value tab are used for modification of Sphere. Select the
Sphere from the Combo view Model and then put the value what ever you

1. For placement of sphere: - Property Data Placement.
3. For angele1: - Property Data Angle1 value.
4. For angle2: - Property Data Angle2 value.
6. For sphere Shape color, Draw style, Transparency etc: - Property
View.

9.4 HOW TO MAKE SOLID CONE

This tool is use to create a truncated parametric solid cone with position, radius1,
radius2, height & angle in 3D environment.

OPERATION

3. Then, select the Cone tool.

4. A solid cone with standard dimension and position will be created.

PROPERTIES
:- The properties value tab are used for modification of cone. Select the cone
Property Value.

1. For placement of cone: - Property Data Placement.
2. For radius1: - Property Data Radius1 value.
5. For angle: - Property Data Angle value.
6. For cone Shape color, Draw style, Transparency etc: - Property
View.

9.5 HOW TO MAKE SOLID TORUS

This tool is use to create a parametric solid torus with position, radius1, radius2,
angle1, angle2 & angle3 in 3D environment.

OPERATION

3. Then, select the Torus tool.

4. A solid torus with standard dimension and position will be created.

PROPERTIES
:- The properties value tab are used for modification of torus. Select the torus
Property Value.

1. For placement of torus: - Property Data Placement.
7. For torus Shape color, Draw style, Transparency etc: - Property
View.

HOW TO CREATE VARIOUS
PRIMITIVES

This tool is use to create a various parametric geometric primitives in current
working plane. Currently this tools can create a following parametric: a) Plane
b) Box c) Cylinder d) Cone e) Sphere f) Ellipsoid g) Torus h) Prism i)

Wedge j) Helix k) Spiral l) Circle m) Ellipse n) Point o) Line p) Regular

polygon

In this primitives, i have already discussed about how to create Box, Cylinder,
Cone, Sphere and Torus. The operation with reaming geometry primitives are
discuses below: -

9.6 HOW TO CREATE PLANE

This tool is use to create a parametric plane (10 x 10)mm with position, length &
width in 3D environment.

OPERATION

3. Then, click on the Create primitives tool.

4. A Geometric Primitives tab will open in Combo view.
5. Select the Plane tool form dropdown menu.

6. You can edit the parameter value in parametric input.
7. Then click on Create.
8. A plane with standard dimension and position will be created.
9. Once you have created the plane you have the possibility to edit its
parameters from properties value.
10. And last click on Close to exit the operation.

PROPERTIES
:- The properties value tab are used for modification of plane. Select the plane
Property Value.

1. For placement of plane: - Property Data Placement.
2. For length: - Property Data Length value.
3. For width: - Property Data Width value.
4. For plane Shape color, Draw style, Transparency etc: - Property
View.
9.7 HOW TO CREATE ELLIPSOID

This tool is use to create a parametric solid Ellipsoid with position, radius1,
radius2, radius3, angle1, angle2, & angle3 in 3D environment.

OPERATION

5. Select the Ellipsoid tool form dropdown menu.

8. A Ellipsoid with standard dimension and position will be created.
9. Once you have created the Ellipsoid you have the possibility to edit its

PROPERTIES
:- The properties value tab are used for modification of Ellipsoid. Select the
Ellipsoid from the Combo view Model and then put the value what ever you

1. For placement of Ellipsoid: - Property Data Placement.
8. For Ellipsoid Shape color, Draw style, Transparency etc: - Property
View.

9.8 HOW TO CREATE SOLID PRISM

This tool is use to create a parametric solid prism with position, polygon,
circumradius & height in 3D environment.

OPERATION


5. Select the Prism tool form dropdown menu.

8. A solid prism with standard dimension and position will be created.
9. Once you have created the prism you have the possibility to edit its

PROPERTIES
:- The properties value tab are used for modification of prism. Select the prism
Property Value.

1. For placement of prism: - Property Data Placement.
2. For number of polygon: - Property Data Polygon value.
3. For circumradius: - Property Data Circumradius value.
5. For Prism Shape color, Draw style, Transparency etc: - Property
View.

9.9 HOW TO CREATE WEDGE

This tool is use to create a parametric wedge in 3D environment. This Wedge
defaults to a larger square base and a smaller square top.

OPERATION


5. Select the Wedge tool form dropdown menu.

The meaning of parameter input are: -

X min/max : Base face X axis span.
Y min/max: Wedge height span.
Z min/max : Base face Z axis span.
X2 min/max : Top face X axis span.
Z2 min/max : Top face Z axis span.
8. A wedge with standard dimension and position will be created.
9. Once you have created the wedge you have the possibility to edit its

PROPERTIES
:- The properties value tab are used for modification of wedge. Select the wedge
Property Value.

1. For placement of wedge: - Property Data Placement.
2. For required parameters: - Property Data Parameters value.
3. For wedge Shape color, Draw style, Transparency etc: - Property
View.

9.10 HOW TO CREATE HELIX

This tool is use to create a wire helix with position, pitch, height, radius, angle &
coordinate systems in 3D environment.

Description Of Helix Parameter: a) Pitch: - The pitch corresponds to the space

between two consecutive "turns" of the helix measured along the main axis of
the helix.

b) Height: - The height corresponds to the overall height of the helix
measured along the main axis of the helix.

c) Radius: - The radius corresponds to the radius of the circle built by the

helix by viewing the helix from the top / bottom.

d) Angle: - This angle corresponds to the angle of the conus. The value

must be comprised between -90 deg. and +90 deg.

e) Coordinate systems: - This parameter specifies the right-handed or left-

handed of the helix.

OPERATION


5. Select the Helix tool form dropdown menu.

8. A helix with standard dimension and position will be created.
9. Once you have created the helix you have the possibility to edit its

PROPERTIES
:- The properties value tab are used for modification of helix. Select the helix
Property Value.

a) For placement: - Property Data Placement.
b) For coordinate: - Property Data Local coord value.
c) For pitch: - Property
Data Pitch value.
d) For height: - Property Data Height value.
e) For radius: - Property Data Radius value.
f) For angle: - Property
Data Angle value.
g) For helix Shape color, Draw style, Transparency etc: - Property
View.

Note:

The rest of the geometric primitives like Spiral, Circle, Ellipse, Point, Line and
Regular polygon are creates by the same procedure those described above.

9.11 HOW TO SHAPE BUILDER

This tool is use to create more complex shapes from various parametric
geometric primitives.

In this, there are five types of shapes can be create. The description are as
follows: 1) CREATE EDGE FROM VERTICES:

OPERATION


b) Switch the Workbench and select the Part.

c) Make a one part module(cube, cylinder etc.).

d) Then, click on the

Shape builder tool.
e) A create shape tab will open in Combo view.

f) Select the Edge from vertices.

g) Then select the two vertices with the help of ctrl in part module (see fig.

-1).
h) A selected items becomes highlighted and it will change colour to

green.
i) Then click on Create.

j) A edge will be created (see fig. –2).

k) Then click on Close to exit the operation.

l) You can select the edge from the combo view and give the placement to

the edge from properties value (see fig. -3).

2) CREATE FACE FROM VERTICES:

OPERATION





Shape builder tool.

f) Select the Face from vertices.

g) Then select the three or more vertices with the help of ctrl in part module

(see fig. -1).
h) A selected items becomes highlighted and it will change colour to green.

i) You can make a check in Planer also.

j) Then click on Create.

k) A face will be created.

l) Then click on Close to exit the operation.

m) You can select the face from the combo view and give the placement to
the face from properties value (see fig. -2).

3) CREATE FACE FROM EDGES:

OPERATION





Shape builder tool.

f) Select the Face from edges.

g) Then select the one or more vertices with the help of ctrl in part module

(see fig. -1).

i) You can make a check in Planer (do not check for make a plane face).


k) A face will be created.


m) You can select the face from the combo view and give the placement to
the face from properties value (see fig. -2).

4) CREATE SHELL FROM FACES:

OPERATION





Shape builder tool.

f) Select the Shell from faces.

g) Then select the two or more faces with the help of ctrl in part module (see

fig. -1).

i) You can make a check in All faces (for make a complete hollow shell) .


k) A shell will be created.


m) You can select the Shell from the combo view and give the placement to
the Shell from properties value (see fig. -2).

5) CREATE SOLID FROM SHELL:

OPERATION





Shape builder tool.

f) Then make a Shell object (follow the above described procedure).

g) Select the Shell from the combo view and give the placement to the Shell

from properties value.
h) Then, again click on the

Shape builder tool.
i) Select the Solid from shell.

j) Then select the only one part of shell object.

k) A selected items becomes highlighted and it will change colour to green.

l) Then click on Create.

m) A solid shell will be created.

n) Then click on Close to exit the operation.

o) You can select the Solid from the combo view and give the placement to

the Solid from properties value WORKING WITH

MODIFYING OBJECT TOOLS -1

1) HOW TO PERFORM BOOLEAN OPERATION

The Boolean command is an all-in-one command. This command is use to
perform Union, Difference(Cut), intersection and section operation through
one dialog.

OPERATION



c) Draw two or more shapes (cube, cylinder etc.) in 3D environment.


Boolean operation tool.
e) A Boolean dialog box will open in Combo view.

f) Select the Boolean operation like Union, Difference(Cut), intersection

and section.
g) Then check the part object form the First shape and form the Second

shape.
h) Then click on the Apply button.

i) A new object will be created.

j) Then click on Close to exit the operation.

PROPERTIES
:- The properties value tab are used for modification of object. Select the object
Property Value.

a) For placement: - Property
Data Placement.
b) For Shape color, Draw style, Transparency etc: - Property
View.

2) HOW TO MAKE CUT OF TWO SHAPES

This tool is use to make a cuts (subtracts) of two shapes or objects. In this, the
last one object is being subtracted from the first one object. This operation is
fully parametric and the components can be modified and the result recomputed.
This operation can also be performed by the Boolean operation.

OPERATION



c) Draw two or more shapes (cube, cylinder etc.) in 3D environment (see fig.

-1).
d) Select the Cylinder first then press ctrl and select the Cube.

e) A selected items becomes highlighted and it will change colour to green.

f) Click on the
Cut tool.
g) A new cut object will be created (see fig. -2).

h) Or select the Cube first then press ctrl and select the cylinder.

i) Click on the
Cut tool.
j) A new cut object will be created (see fig. -3).

PROPERTIES
:- The properties value tab are used for modification of object. Select the cut
object from the Combo view Model and then put the value what ever you

Data Placement.
b) For edit in cylinder parameters: - Property
Data Base
Cylinder.
c) For edit in cube parameters: - Property
Data Tool Cube.
d) For Shape color, Draw style, Transparency etc: - Property
View.

3) HOW TO MAKE UNION OF SEVERAL SHAPES

This tool is use to make union (fuses) of several shapes into one. This operation
is fully parametric and the components can be modified and the result
recomputed. This operation can also be performed by the Boolean operation.

OPERATION




-1).
d) Select two or more shapes form combo view.


f) Click on the
Union (Fuse) tool.
g) A new Fusion object will be created (see fig. -2).

PROPERTIES
:- The properties value tab are used for modification of fusion object. Select the
fusion object from the Combo view Model and then put the value what ever

Data Placement.
View.

NOTE: -
If you want make a change in object parameters like length, radius, height etc.
click on arrow button behind fusion object and select the shapes (cube, cylinder
etc.) and put the required value in properties value dialog (see fig. below).

4) HOW TO MAKE INTERSECTION OF TWO

SHAPES

This tool is use to make intersection (common) of two shapes. This operation is
fully parametric and the components can be modified and the result recomputed.
This operation can also be performed by the Boolean operation.

OPERATION




-1).
d) Select two shapes form combo view.


f) Click on the
Intersection (Common) tool.
g) A new Common object will be created (see fig. -2).

PROPERTIES
:- The properties value tab are used for modification of Common object. Select
the common object from the Combo view Model and then put the value what

Data Placement.
View.

NOTE: -
If you want make a change in object parameters like length, radius, height etc.
click on arrow button behind Common object and select the shapes (cube,
cylinder etc.) and put the required value in properties value dialog (see fig.
below).

5) HOW TO USE CHECK GEOMETRY TOOL

This tool is use to check the geometry errors in a part module.

OPERATION

a) Select one or more shapes (object) form combo view.

b) A selected items becomes highlighted and it will change colour to green.

c) Click on the
Check error tool.
d) A Check Geometry dialog will be open in combo view (see above fig.).

e) In this, upper part of dialog box shows the errors information and lower

part of dialog box shows the Shape content information (see above fig.).

f) Then click on Close to exit the operation.

6) HOW TO MAKE A SECTION OF TWO SHAPES

This tool is use to make a section of two shapes. In this, the second one being
used as a section plane. This operation is fully parametric and the components
can be modified and the result recomputed. This operation can also be performed
by the Boolean operation.

OPERATION



c) Draw two shapes (cube -1, cube -2) in 3D environment (see fig. -1).

d) Give the placement of cube – 2 in positive Y direction (see fig. -1) e)

Select two shapes (cube - 1 & cube – 2) form combo view.

f) A selected items becomes highlighted and it will change colour to green.

g) Click on the
Section tool.
h) A new Section object will be created (see fig. -2).

PROPERTIES
:- The properties value tab are used for modification of Section object. Select
the Section object from the Combo view Model and then put the value what

Data Placement.
b) For edit in cube - 1 parameters: - Property
Data Base Cube.
c) For edit in cube - 2 parameters: - Property
Data Tool
Cube001.
View.

7) HOW TO MAKE A CROSS-SECTION OF SHAPE

This tool is use to make a section object. This operation is fully parametric and
the components can be modified and the result recomputed.

OPERATION



c) Make a cut object or whatever you want to design in 3D environment (see

fig. -1).

d) Then select the cut object form combo view.


f) Click on the
Cross-section tool.
g) A cross-section dialog will open in combo view (see fig. -2).

h) You can change the Guiding plane and position from dialog box (see fig.

-2).
i) you can also check the Sections and On both side form dialog box.

j) you can also change the number of count and distance from dialog box.

k) Then click on Apply button and select the OK to exit the operation.

l) A cross-section object will created.

m) Then right click on cut object and select the Hide selection to see the
cross-section object (see fig. – 3).

PROPERTIES
Data Placement.

WORKING WITH MODIFYING OBJECT TOOLS -2

1) HOW TO USE EXTRUDE TOOL

This tool is use to extend a shape by a specified distance and in a specified
direction. During operation, the output shape of object is vary and depending on
the input shape and the options selected.

The extrude tool is commonly use in following operation:
Extrude a Vertex (point), will produce a lineal Edge (Line).
Extrude an open edge (e.g. line, arc), will produce a open face (e.g.
plane).
Extrude a closed edge (e.g. circle), will optionally produce a closed
face (e.g. an open ended cylinder) or if the parameter "solid" is "true"
will produce a solid (e.g. a closed solid cylinder).
Extrude an open Wire (e.g. a Draft Wire), will produce an open shell
(several joined faces).
Extrude a closed Wire (e.g. a Draft Wire), will optionally produce a
shell (several joined faces) or if the parameter "solid" is "true" will
produce a solid.
Extrude a face (e.g. plane), will produce a solid (e.g. Cuboid).
Extrude a Draft Shape String, will produce a compound of solids
(the string is a compound of the letters which are each a solid).

OPERATION

a) Select the shape(s) in the 3D view or from the combo view.


c) Click on the
Extrude tool.
d) A Extrude dialog will open in combo view (see fig. -1).

e) You can also select the shape(s) form Extrude dialog (see fig. -1).

f) Set the direction and distance value in Extrude dialog (see fig. -1).

g) You can also set the other options like Taper angle, Create solid, Along

normal etc.
h) Click on Apply.

i) A extrude object will created in 3D environment (see fig. – 2).

j) Click on Close button to exit the operation.

PROPERTIES
:- The properties value tab are used for modification of Extrude object. Select
the extrude object from the Combo view Model and then put the value what

e) For edit in shape parameters: - Property
Data Base.
f) For direction of shape: - Property
Data Dir.
g) For make a solid of shape: - Property
Data Solid(false/true).
h) For taper angle: - Property
Data Taper Angle.
i) For placement of the shape: - Property
Data Placement.
j) For Shape color, Draw style, Transparency etc: - Property
View.

2) HOW TO USE REVOLVE TOOL

This tool is use to make a revolves of the selected object around a given axis. In
this, the following shape types are allowed to make a revolve shapes or object:
Vertex
Edge
Wire
Face
Shell
Note:-

Solids or compound solids are not allowed as input shapes. Normal compounds
are currently not allowed, too.

OPERATION

a) Select the object (circle etc.) in the 3D view or from the combo view.


c) Click on the
Revolve tool.
d) A Revolve dialog will open in combo view (see fig. -1).

e) You can also select the object from dialog box (see fig. -1).
f)
Set the value you want or see the above fig.
g) Then click on OK button.

h) A Revolve object will created in 3D view (see fig. – 2).

PROPERTIES
:- The properties value tab are used for modification of Revolve object. Select
the Revolve object from the Combo view Model and then put the value what

a) For edit in shape parameters: - Property
Data Source.
b) For angle: - Property
Data Angle.
c) For make a solid of shape: - Property
Data Solid(false/true).
d) For placement of the shape: - Property
Data Placement.
e) For Shape color, Draw style, Transparency etc: - Property
View.

3) HOW TO USE MIRROR TOOL

This tool is use to creates a new object (image) which is a reflection of the
original object. The image object is created behind a mirror plane. The mirror
plane may be standard plane (XY, YZ, or XZ), or any plane parallel to a
standard plane.

OPERATION

a) Select the object (cylinder, circle etc.) in the 3D view or from the combo

view.

c) Click on the
Revolve tool.
d) A Mirroring dialog will open in combo view (see fig. -1).

e) You can also select the object from dialog box (see fig. -1).
f)
Set the value you want or see the above fig.
g) Then click on OK button.

h) A Mirror object will created in 3D view (see fig. – 2).

PROPERTIES
:- The properties value tab are used for modification of Mirror object. Select the
Mirror object from the Combo view Model and then put the value what ever

a) For edit in shape parameters: - Property
Data Source.
b) For placement of the shape: - Property
Data Placement.
c) For Shape color, Draw style, Transparency etc: - Property
View.

4) HOW TO USE FILLET TOOL

This tool is use to creates a fillet (round) on the selected edges of an object. A
dialog allows you to choose which objects and which edges to work on .
OPERATION

a) Draw an object like Cylinder, Cube etc. in current working plane.

b) Click on the
Fillet tool.
c) A Fillet dialog will open in combo view (see fig. -1).

d) Select the object (cylinder) from drop down list in dialog box (see fig. -1).

e) Then check edge(s) of object you wish to make fillet (see fig. -1).

f) Or also select the edges form 3D view.

g) A selected edges becomes highlighted and it will change colour to green.

h) Set the value you want like fillet radius or see the above fig.

i) Then click on OK button.

j) A Fillet object will created in 3D view (see fig. – 2).

PROPERTIES
:- The properties value tab are used for modification of Fillet object. Select the
Fillet object from the Combo view Model and then put the value what ever

a) For edit in object parameters: - Property
Data Base.
b) For placement of the object: - Property
Data Placement.
View.

5) HOW TO USE CHAMFER TOOL

This tool is use to creates a Chamfers the selected edges of an object. A dialog
allows you to choose which objects and which edges to work on.

OPERATION

a) Draw an object like Cylinder, Cube etc. in current working plane.

b) Click on the
Chamfer tool.
c) A Chamfer dialog will open in combo view (see fig. -1).

d) Select the object(cube) from drop down list in dialog box (see fig. -1).

e) Then check edge(s) of object you wish to make chamfer (see fig. -1).

f) Or also select the edges form 3D view.

g) A selected edges becomes highlighted and it will change colour to green.

h) Set the value you want or see the above fig.

i) Then click on OK button.

j) A Chamfer object will created in 3D view (see fig. – 2).

PROPERTIES
:- The properties value tab are used for modification of Chamfer object. Select
the Chamfer object from the Combo view Model and then put the value what

a) For edit in object parameters: - Property
Data Base.
Data Placement.
View.

6) HOW TO USE RULED SURFACE TOOL

This tool is use to create a ruled surface form either two edges or two wires. By
the use of this tool you can easily to make a curved plate of shapes.

OPERATION

a) Draw two half circle in current work plane (see fig. -1).

b) Select the first circle and press the ctrl then select the second circle (see

fig. -1).
c) Now click on the

Ruled surface tool.
d) A Ruled surface object will created in 3D view (see fig. – 2).

PROPERTIES

a) For placement of the object: - Property
Data Placement.
b) For orientation: - Property
Data Orientation.
View.

7) HOW TO USE LOFT TOOL

The Loft tool is use to create a Face, Shell or a solid shape from two or
more profiles. In this, the profiles can be vertex, line or edge, wire or face. Edges
and wires may be either closed or open.

OPERATION

Follow the video tutorial link for how to use Loft tool.
https://youtu.be/GzrxU8OmD9c
[HOW TO USE LOFT TOOL IN FreeCAD]

8) HOW TO USE SWEEP TOOL

The Sweep tool is used to create a face, shell or a solid shape from one or
more profiles, projected along a path. The Part Sweep tool is similar to Part
Loft with the addition of a path to define the projection between profiles.

OPERATION

Follow the video tutorial link for how to use Sweep tool.
https://youtu.be/tmYy54CtOtk
[HOW TO MAKE SOLID SPRING BY THE USE OF SWEEP TOOL IN
FreeCAD]

9) HOW TO USE PART OFFSET TOOL

The Part Offset tool is use to creates copies of a selected shape at a certain
distance from the base shape.

OPERATION

a) Select the part object (cylinder) form the combo view or from the 3D view

(see fig. -1).

b) A selected object becomes highlighted and it will change colour to green.

c) Click on the
Part Offset tool.
d) A Offset dialog will created in combo view (see fig. – 2).

e) A part offset object will also crated in 3D view (see fig. – 2).

f) Set the value you want or see the above fig.

g) Then click on OK button to exit the operation.

h) Give the some placement to the offset object in Y direction to see the Part

Offset (see fig. – 3).

PROPERTIES
:- The properties value tab are used for modification Part offset. Select the Part
offset from the Combo view Model and then put the value what ever you

d) For placement of the object: - Property Data Placement.
e) For edit in object parameters: - Property Data Source.
f) For offset value: - Property Data Value.
g) For offset mode: - Property Data Mode.
h) For join type: - Property Data Join.
i) For Shape color, Draw style, Transparency etc: - Property View.

10) HOW TO USE THICKNESS TOOL

The Thickness tool works on a solid shape and transforms it into a hollow
object, giving to each of its faces a defined thickness. On some solids it allows
you to significantly speed up the work, and avoids making extrusions and
pockets.

OPERATION

a) Create a solid object like Cube.

b) Select one or more faces of object from the 3D view (see fig. -1).

c) A selected object becomes highlighted and it will change colour to green.

d) Click on the
Thickness tool.
e) A Thickness dialog will created in combo view (see fig. – 2).

f) A Thickness object will also crated in 3D view (see fig. – 2).

g) Set the value you want or see the above fig.

h) Then click on OK button to exit the operation.

PROPERTIES
:- The properties value tab are used for modification Part offset. Select the Part
offset from the Combo view Model and then put the value what ever you

a) For placement of the Thickness: - Property
Data Placement.
b) For thickness value: - Property
Data Thickness.
c) For thickness mode: - Property
Data Mode.
d) For join type: - Property
Data Join.
e) For Shape color, Draw style, Transparency etc: - Property
View.

END


: - The Part Design Workbench is use to create a Single, Connected

solid and Multiple solids. This workbench provides tools for modelling complex
solid parts in 3D environment. This workbench is most useful and helpful to
make a modification in solid part module. This workbench is also use to draw
2D sketch in 3D work plane and on selected face. The part Design workbench is
based on a Feature editing methodology to produce a single contiguous solid.

Tools In Part Design

The Part Design tools are all located in the Part Design menu that appears when
you load the Part Design module. In part design workbench, the tools are divided
into two categories.
1. SKETCHER TOOLS
a) Sketcher Geometries Tools b) Sketcher Constraints Tools c)

Other Tools
2. PART DESIGN TOOLS
a) Construction Tools b) Modification Tools c) Transformation

Tools d) Extra Tools

1. SKETCHER TOOLS
a) Sketcher Geometries Tools The Sketcher geometries

tools are used to create the 2D object in 3D work plane.

NOTE: -The descriptions of Sketcher Geometries Tools are already discussed
in chapter number – 6 (SKETCHER WORKBENCH).

b)Sketcher Constraints Tools The Sketcher Constraints

tools are used to define lengths, set rules between

sketch elements, and to lock the sketch along the
vertical and horizontal axes.

NOTE: -The descriptions of Sketcher Constraints Tools are already discussed

c)Other Tools The other tools are used for some extra

operation during sketch.

NOTE: -The descriptions of Sketcher Constraints Tools are already discussed

2. PART DESIGN TOOLS

a)Construction Tools Construction tools are used for

creating solid objects or removing material from an

existing solid object .

The descriptions of Construction Tools are listed below:-

PAD : - This tool is use to extrudes a solid object from a selected

sketch.

POCKET : - This tool is use to creates a pocket from a selected
sketch. The sketch must be mapped to an existing solid object's face.

REVOLUTION : - This tool is use to creates a solid by revolving a

sketch around an axis. The sketch must be a closed profile to get a solid
object.
GROOVE : - This tool is use to creates a groove by revolving a

sketch around an axis. The sketch must be mapped to an existing solid
object's face.

b)Modification Tools Modification tools are used for

modifying existing objects. They will allow you to

choose which object to modify.


FILLET: - This tool is use to make a fillet (round) edge(s) of an
object.
CHAMFER: - This tool is use to create a chamfer edge(s) of an object.
DRAFT: - This tool is use to make an angular draft to face of an
object.

c) Transformation Tools The transformation tool are

used for transforming existing features. They will

allow you to choose which features to transform.


MIRRORED: - This tool is use to Mirrors features on a plane or
face.
LINEAR PATTERN: - . This tool is use to creates a linear pattern
of features.
POLAR PATTERN: - This tool is use to creates a polar pattern of
features
MULTI TRANSFORM: - This tool is use to create a pattern with

any combination ot the other transformation.

d)Extra Tools In Part Design Workbench Some

optional functionality has been also created by the

Extra tools.
In this workbench the extra tools are as follows:
INVOLUTE GEAR : - This tool allows you to create gear.
SHAFT DESIGN WIZARD: - This tool is use to creates a shaft
from a table of values and allows to analyse forces and moments.
NOTE : -
In this workbench, the Extra tools is located in Part Design tab. Click on Part
Design tab and select the Extra tools wish you want.

VIEW TOOLS

NOTE: -

END
11. OPERATION WITH - PART DESIGN

The Part Design Workbench is one of the most important workbench in

FreeCAD. In the Part Design workbench, a very important concept is that,
it has sketch support. Sketches can be created on standard planes
(XY, XZ, YZ and planes parallel to them) or on the face of an existing solid. For
this last case, the existing solid becomes the support of the sketch. Several tools
will only work with sketches that have a support, for example, Pocket - without
a support there would be nothing to remove material from.

In this chapter, we will discussed that how to use the different tools with the help
of examples.

NOTE: -

How to use Sketcher tools in part design workbench is already discussed in
Chapter – 6 (OPERATION WITH – SKETCHER). You know that the Part
Design Workbench is the combination of Sketcher Workbench and Part
Workbench so there is no need to explain once more in this chapter also.

WORKING WITH PART DESIGN TOOLS
1. Working With Construction Tools:

1.1 HOW TO USE PAD TOOL

The Pad tool is use to extrudes a solid object form 2D sketch. In this
the Pad tool takes a selected sketch as its input and from it produces a "pad"
feature. A pad is essentially an extrusion of a sketch into a solid.

OPERATION


b) Switch the Workbench and select the Part Design.




offset.
f) Make an one sketch in 3D work plane and hit the Close button to exit the

sketches function (see Fig. – 1).

g) Then select the sketch from combo view.

h) Now press the

Pad tool.
i) A Pad parameters dialog box will open in Combo view and a Pad object

will created in 3D work plane (see Fig. – 2).
j) Set the Pad parameters as par requirement.

k) click on OK button to exit the function.

OPTIONS
The description of Pad parameters are as follows: a) Type: - Type offers five

different ways of specifying the length to which the pad will be extruded.
Dimension: - Enter a numeric value for the length of the pad.
Two dimensions: - This allows to enter a second length in which
the pad should extend in the opposite direction (into the support).
To last : - The pad will extrude up to the last face of the support in
the extrusion direction. If there is no support, an error message
will appear
To first: - The pad will extrude up to the first face of the support
in the extrusion direction. If there is no support, an error message
will appear.
Up to face : - The pad will extrude up to a face in the support that
can be chosen by clicking on it. If there is no support, no
selections will be accepted.

b) Length : - Defines the length of the pad. Multiple units can be used

independently of the user's units preferences (m, cm, mm, nm, ft or ', in or ").

c) Symmetric to plane: - Tick the checkbox to extend half of the given

length to either side of the sketch plane.

d) Reversed: - Reverses the direction of the pad.

PROPERTIES
:- The properties value tab are used for modification of Pad object. Select the
Pad object from the Combo view Model and then put the value what ever

Data Placement.
b) For modification in sketch parameters: - Property
Data Sketch.
View.

1.2 HOW TO USE POCKET TOOL

This tool is use to 'Create a pocket with the selected sketch'. This tool takes
a selected sketch as its input, and produces with it a pocket. A pocket being
essentially an extrusion of a sketch that subtracts from the geometry it protrudes
into.

OPERATION



c) Draw a part object (cube, Cylinder etc.) form Combo View

Task or
form Part workbench.
d) Then select the face of part object where you want to make sketch.

e) A selected Face becomes highlighted and it will change colour to green.

f) Click on new sketch tool.

g) Make a sketch on the face of part object and hit the Close button to exit

the sketches function (see Fig. – 1).

h) Then select the sketch from combo view.

i) Now press the

Pocket tool.
j) A Pocket parameters dialog box will open in Combo view and a Pocket

object will created in 3D work plane (see Fig. – 2).

k) Set the Pocket parameters as par requirement.

l) click on OK button to exit the function.

OPTIONS
The description of Pocket parameters are as follows: a) Type: - Type offers

four different ways of specifying the length (depth) to which the pocket will be
extruded.
Dimension: - Enter a numeric value for the depth of the pocket.
The default direction for extrusion is into the support.
Through all: - The pocket will cut through all material in the
extrusion direction. With the option Symmetric to plane the pad
will cut through all material in both directions.
To first: - The pocket will extrude up to the first face of the
support in the extrusion direction. In other words, it will cut
through all material until it reaches an empty space.
Up to face : - The pocket will extrude up to a face in the support
that can be chosen by clicking on it.

b) Length : - Defines the depth of the Pocket. Multiple units can be used

independently of the user's units preferences.

c) Symmetric to plane: - Tick the checkbox to extend half of the given

depth to either side of the sketch plane.

d) Reversed: - Reverses the direction of the pocket.

PROPERTIES
:- The properties value tab are used for modification of Pocket object. Select the
Pocket object from the Combo view Model and then put the value what ever
Data Placement.
Data Sketch.
View.

1.3 HOW TO USE REVOLUTION TOOL

The revolution tool is use to revolves a selected sketch or 2D object about
a given axis.

OPERATION






offset.
f) Make an one sketch in 3D work plane and hit the Close button to exit the

sketches function (see Fig. – 1).

g) Then select the sketch from combo view.

h) Now press the

Revolution tool.
i) A Revolution parameters dialog box will open in Combo view and a

Revolve object will created in 3D work plane (see Fig. – 2).

j) Set the Revolution parameters as par requirement.

k) click on OK button to exit the function.

OPTIONS
The description of Revolution parameters are as follows: a) Axis: - This option

specifies the axis about which the sketch is to be revolved. Currently, by default
only the horizontal or vertical sketch axis can be selected here.

b) Angle: - This controls the angle through which the revolution is to be

formed, e.g. 360° would be a full, contiguous revolution.

c) Symmetric to plane: - The revolution will extend half of the specified

angle in both directions from the sketch plane.

d) Reversed: - The direction of revolution will be reversed.

PROPERTIES
:- The properties value tab are used for modification of Revolve object. Select
the Revolve object from the Combo view Model and then put the value what
Data Placement.
Data Sketch.
View.

1.4 HOW TO USE GROOVE TOOL

This tool is use to revolves a selected sketch or 2D object about a given
axis and cutting out material from the support. During operation when creating a
groove, the 'groove parameters' dialogue offers several parameters specifying
how the sketch should be revolved. They have exactly the same meaning as for
the revolution feature.

OPERATION

Follow the video tutorial link for how to use Groove tool.
https://youtu.be/cHuXl7evbOs
[HOW TO USE GROOVE TOOL IN PART DESIGN WORKBENCH]
2. Working With Modification Tools:

2.1 HOW TO USE FILLET TOOL

The Fillet tool is use to creates fillets (rounds) on the selected edges of an
object. A new separate Fillet entry (followed by a sequential number if there are
already existing fillets in the document) is created in the Project tree.

OPERATION




Task or
d) Then select a single or multiple edges on an object.

e) A selected edge(s) becomes highlighted and it will change colour to green

(see Fig. – 1).
f) Now press the

Fillet tool.
g) A Fillet parameters dialog box will open in Combo view and a Fillet


h) Then set the fillet radius either by entering the value, or by clicking on the

up/down arrows.
i) click on OK button to exit the function.

PROPERTIES
:- The properties value tab are used for modification of Fillet object. Select the
Fillet object from the Combo view Model and then put the value what ever

a) For Fillet radius: - Property
Data Radius.
Data Placement.
View.

2.2 HOW TO USE CHAMFER TOOL

This tool is use to make chamfers edge(s) of an object.

OPERATION




Task or
d) Then select a single or multiple edges on an object.


(see Fig. – 1).
f) Now press the
Chamfer tool.
g) A Chamfer parameters dialog box will open in Combo view and a Fillet


h) Then set the Chamfer size either by entering the value, or by clicking on

the up/down arrows.

i) click on OK button to exit the function.

PROPERTIES

a) For Chamfer size: - Property
Data Size.
Data Placement.
View.

2.3 HOW TO USE DRAFT TOOL

This tool is use to creates an angular draft on the selected faces of an

object. A new separate Draft entry (followed by a sequential number if there are
already existing drafts in the document) is created in the Project tree.

OPERATION




Task or
d) Select one or more faces on an object.


(see Fig. – 1).

f)
Now press the Draft tool.
g) A Draft parameters dialog box will open in Combo view.
h) Set the Draft parameters as par requirement.
i)
click on OK button to exit the function.

OPTIONS
The description of Drft parameters are as follows: a) Add face/Remove face: -

Click Add Face or Remove Face, then select a single face to update the list of
active faces. Repeat as needed.

b) Draft angle: - Set the Draft Angle by entering a value or by clicking on

the up/down arrows. The applied draft angle is shown in real time.

c) Neutral plane: - Click Neutral Plane, then select the plane that must not

change dimensionally. The change is made in real time.

d) Pull direction: - Click Pull Direction, then select an edge. Pull Direction

is only effective if the Neutral Plane has been set. Results can be
unpredictable.

e) Reverse pull direction: - Checking Reverse Pull Direction will toggle the

draft between positive and negative angles.

PROPERTIES
:- The properties value tab are used for modification of Draft object. Select the
draft object from the Combo view Model and then put the value what ever
a) For Draft angle: - Property
Data Angle.
b) For reversed direction: - Property
Data Reversed (false/true).
c) For placement of the object: - Property
Data Placement.
View.

3. Working With Transformation Tools:

3.1 HOW TO USE MIRRORED TOOL

This tool is use to create a set of one selected features as its input (the
'original'), and produces with it a second set of features mirrored on a plane.

OPERATION





e) Make an one sketch (rectangle) in 3D work plane and hit the Close button

to exit the sketches function (see Fig. – 1).

f) Then select the sketch from combo view.

g) Now press the Pad tool and make a pad of object.

h) The select the face of Pad object and click on new sketch tool.

i) Make a sketch on that face whatever you want.

j) Then select the sketch001 form combo view and click on

Pocket
tool.
k) A pocket will created on the face of pad object (see Fig. -1).

l) Now select the pocket object and click on

Mirrored tool.
m) A Mirrored parameters will open in combo view.
n) Set the plane of mirrored for drop down list and hit OK button to exit the

function.
o) A mirrored object will created on 3D environment (see Fig.-2).

3.2 HOW TO USE LINEAR PATTERN TOOL

This tool is use to creates a set of one or more selected features as its input
(the 'originals'), and produces with it a second set of features translated in a
given direction.

OPERATION

Follow the video tutorial link for how to use Linear pattern tool.
https://youtu.be/NJsUTG4TSzk

[HOW TO WORK WITH TRANSFORMATION TOOL IN PART DESIGN
WORKBENCH]

3.3 HOW TO USE POLAR PATTERN TOOL

This too is use to creates a set of one or more selected features as its input
(the 'originals'), and produces with it a second set of features rotated around a
given axis.

OPERATION

Follow the video tutorial link for how to use Polar pattern tool.

WORKBENCH]

3.4 HOW TO USE MULTI-TRANSFORM TOOL

This tool takes a set of one or more selected features as its input (the
'originals'), and allows to apply several transformations in sequence to them. For
example, to produce a flange with a double row of holes, the hole (the 'original')
is first patterned in a linear pattern in the X direction, and then patterned eight
times in a polar pattern around the Y axis.

OPERATION

Follow the video tutorial link for how to use Multi-transform tool.

WORKBENCH]

4. Working With Extra Tools:

4.1 HOW TO USE INVOLUTE GEAR TOOL

This tool is use to create a 2D profile of an involute gear. This 2D profile is
fully parametric, and can be padded with the Part Design Pad feature.

OPERATION



c) Then go to the Part Design menu and select the

Involute Gear tool.
d) A Involute parameters dialog box will open in Combo view.

e) Set the Involute parameters as par requirement and .

f) Click on OK button to exit the function.

g) Now select the Involute gear form combo view and click on Pad tool.

h) Set the Pad parameters and a 3D gear will created in work plane (see Fig.

– 2).
i) Click on OK button to exit the function.

OPTIONS
The description of Involute Parameters are as follows: a) Number of teeth: -

Sets the number of teeth of gear.

b) Modules: - Modules is the pitch diameter divided by the number of teeth.

c) Pressure angle: - Pressure angle is the acute angle between the line of

action and a normal to the line connecting the gear centres. Default is 20
degrees.

d) High precision: - Make True or false.

e) External gear: - Make True or false.

4.2 HOW TO USE SHAFT DESIGN WIZARD

This tool is use to create a shaft from a table of values, and to analyse forces
and moments. You can start the wizard from the Part Design menu or by typing.

OPERATION



c) Then go to the Part Design menu and select the

Shaft design
wizard.
d) A Shaft design parameters dialog box will open in Combo view.

e) Set the parameters as par requirement and .

f) Click on OK button to exit the function.

OPTIONS
The description of Shaft Design Wizard Parameters are as follows:

Length of the segment

Diameter of the segment

Load type. Note that you have to click on the desired entry in the

menu after scrolling to it, otherwise it will not be selected!

None: No load

Fixed: The end of the shaft is fixed (e.g. welded to

another part). This load type can only be defined for the first or
last segment.
Static: There is a static load on this shaft segment

Load on the shaft segment

Location where the load is applied to the segment. The location is

counted from the left-hand edge of the segment

(Other rows and load types exist but no functionality has been implemented yet)
HOW TO MAKE SCREW WITH SCREW MAKER

This tool is use to creates a screw with or without thread, according to ISO
standards. The function of this tool is based on macro.

OPERATION

a) First of all you need to download the latest version of Python.

b) The latest version of python is python—2.7.10.msi and follow

the download link -

https://www.python.org/downloads/

c) After downloading the python, click on the python setup and run it.

Follow the instructions and install the python.

d) Then, download the latest version of Screw Maker. The latest version of

Screw Maker is screw maker 1.7.

e) Follow the Link - http://forum.freecadweb.org/viewtopic.php?

f=22&t=6558#p52887 for download the zip file of screw maker.

f) Click on screw maker and download the Zip file (see above Fig.).

g) Then Extract the zip file and get the Python file of screw maker.

h) Copy the screw maker file and paste in Program files of FreeCAD where

FreeCAD is installed (see below Fig.).

i) Now run the FreeCAD and switch the Part design or part workbench.

j) Then click on
execute a recorded macro (see the below Fig.).

k) A Execute macro dialogue will open (see below Fig.).

l) First select the Macro destination where you paste the screw maker file.

m) And then select the screw maker form Macro name and click on Execute
button.
n) A Screw-Maker dialogue will open (see below Fig.).

o) Now select the characteristics of the screw form drop down list and click

on the create button.

p) Then a screw or bolt or wisher of different shape and size will created in

3D view Note:-

The creation of the thread takes a long time. Be patient and have a look at the
CPU-usage.

SOME ONLINE TUTORIALS

Basic Part Design Tutorial

http://www.freecadweb.org/wiki/index.php?
title=Basic_Part_Design_Tutorial&oldid=116110

Part Design Bearing holder Tutorial – I

title=PartDesign_Bearingholder_Tutorial_I&oldid=108035

Part Design Bearing holder Tutorial – II

title=PartDesign_Bearingholder_Tutorial_II&oldid=108036

END


The Drawing module allows you to put your 3D work on paper. That is, to
put views of your models in a 2D window and to insert that window in a
drawing, for example a sheet with a border, a title and your logo and finally print
that sheet. The Drawing module is currently under construction and more or less
a technology preview.

GUI Tools : - In Drawing workbench, the GUI tools are used for creating,
configuring and exporting 2D drawing sheets.

The description and working of GUI tool are as follows,
1. USE OF DRAWING OPEN SVG

This tool is use to opens a drawing sheet previously saved as an SVG
(scalable vector graphics) file. It can also be used to display any SVG.

OPERATION

a) Click on Drawing open SVG tool.

b) A Choose an SVG file to open dialogue will open.

c) Then, select the file where you kept and click on Open button.

d) This will open the drawing sheet in SVG format.

2. USE OF INSERT NEW DRAWING TEMPLATES
This tool is use to creates a new drawing sheet from already installed
templates. Currently, in drawing workbench, form A0 (Landscape/Portrait) to
A4 (Landscape/Portrait) template is available.
To open the Drawing viewer to display the page, simply double-click on
the Page object, or right-click Show drawing. The page will be opened in a
new tab. You can close the tab and open it again at any time the same way.
If the page does not display, click on the refresh icon in the main toolbar, or go
to Edit Refresh menu.

OPERATION

a) Click on
Insert new drawing templates tool at drop down Menu.
b) Then select the required template (A0, A1, A4 etc.).

c) A selected template will be opened in a new tab and also a Page will

create in combo view.

PROPERTIES
:- You can also change the template and other things form properties value tab.
Select the Page from the Combo view Model and then put the value what

a) For page result: - Property
Data Page Result.
b) For template of page: - Property
Data Template.
c) For editable texts of drawing sheet: - Property
Data Editable
Texts.

3. USE OF INSERT A VIEW
This tool is use tocreates a new view of the selected object in the active
drawing sheet.

OPERATION

a) Switch to Drawing workbench.

b) Select an object (Pad, Pocket, Cube etc.) either in 3D view or from the

Combo view.
c) Then click on
Insert view drawing tool.
d) A drawing page will open in new tap.

e) By default, a top view scaled at 1:1 (real scale) will be placed at the top

left of the page. It may not be visible if it's too small or too big for the page.
f) If you want to add more view in Drawing sheet, select the object form

combo view or form project Tree and click the insert view drawing tool.
g) Then you need to modify the position, rotation etc. of object of drawing

view form properties value.

OPTIONS
The description of property Value are as follows:
Label: changes the view's label in the combo view or Project tree.
You can also click on the View in the tree and right-click
Rename.
Rotation: rotates the view. For example, an isometric view will
require a 60 degree rotation (see also Direction parameter below)
Scale: sets the view scale.
X: sets the view's horizontal position on the page in millimeters.
Y: sets the view's vertical position on the page in millimeters. Please
note that coordinate (0,0) is located at the top left of the page, so the
higher the number, the lower in the page the view will be.
Direction: changes the view direction. It is set by xyz values that
define a vector normal to the page. Top view will be (0,0,1), and
isometric will be (1,1,1). Values can be negative.
Show Hidden Lines: toggles the hidden lines visibility on or off by
selecting true/false
Show Smooth Lines: toggles the smooth lines visibility on or off by
selecting True or False. Smooth lines are also called tangency edges.
These edges indicate surface changes between tangent surfaces.
1. How to set Top View in drawing sheet,

Select the View form combo view and the select the Property Data and
make the change as follows:
Change Lable View into Top.
Change X 10 into 50.
Change Y 10 into 154.
Change Scale 1 into 1.5.
Set Direction value (0,0,1).

2. How to set Front View in drawing sheet,

Select the View001 form combo view and the select the Property Data
and make the change as follows:
Change Lable View001 into Front.
Change Rotation 00 into 900
Set Direction value (0,-1,0).

3. How to set Isometric View in drawing sheet,

Select the View002 form combo view and the select the Property Data
and make the change as follows:
Change Lable View002 into Iso.
Change Rotation 00 into 600
Set Direction value (1,-1,1).

4. USE OF ORTHO VIEW

This tool is use to insert an orthographic projection of the selected object in

the active drawing sheet.

OPERATION

a) First of all switch to Drawing workbench.

b) Click on
c) A drawing page will open in new tap.

d) Then, select an object (Pad, Pocket, Cube etc.) either in 3D view or from

the Combo view.

e) Now, click on
Ortho view tool.
f) By default, a front view of object will be placed at the centre of the

drawing sheet and orthographic projection dialogue will also open in

combo view (see the below Fig.).

g) You can set the required data whatever you want. Check the Secondary

view and get more View in drawing sheet (see the above Fig.).

5. USE OF OPEN BROWSER TOOL

This tool is use to allows you to display a selected Drawing page using
FreeCAD's internal web browser. The normal Drawing page viewer of FreeCAD
is based on Qt's built-in SVG rendering module, which only supports a tiny
subset of the full SVG specification. As a result, some more advanced SVG
features, such as pattern fills or multiline texts are not supported by this viewer.

OPERATION


b) Click on


the Combo view.

e) Now, click on
Ortho view tool.



combo view (see the below Fig.).

g) Add some more view or other content into your page.

h) Then press the

Open browser tool.

i) A Web browser page will open in new tab.

6. USE OF ANNOTATION TOOL

This tool is use to place a block of text on a Drawing sheet.

OPERATION


b) Click on


the Combo view.

e) Now, click on
Ortho view tool.



combo view (see the below Fig.) g) Add some more view or other content

into your page.
h) Then press the

Annotation tool.

i) A Annotation view will create inside the Page.

j) Click on annotation view form combo view and adjust the desired

properties, such as text contents, font, size and position form Properties
value.

k) Then text will create at top left of the drawing sheet (see the below Fig.).

7. USE OF DRAWIGN CLIP TOOL

This tool is use to place a clipping rectangle on a Drawing sheet. Drawing

View objects can then be added to that clipping rectangle, and their display will
be truncated by the borders of the rectangle.
OPERATION


b) Click on


the Combo view.

e) Now, click on
Ortho view tool.




into your page.

h) Then press the
Drawing Clip tool.

i) Now adjust the desired properties, such as size and position etc. form

Properties value.

j) And last Drag and Drop Drawing View objects on the Clip object in the

Combo or Tree View.

Note:-
Clipping objects are not displayed properly by the internal Qt-based Svg viewer,
but the Open Browser command shows them correctly.

8. USE OF DRAWIGN SYMBOL TOOL

This tool is use to add the contents of a SVG image on a selected Drawing
Sheet. These contents can then be moved and rescaled on the page. The contents
of the SVG image are copied into the FreeCAD document, so it is independent
from the original file, and will display the same way on another computer that
doesn't have the original SVG file.

OPERATION


b) Click on


the Combo view.

e) Now, click on
Ortho view tool.




into your page.

h) Then press the
Drawing Symbol tool.

i) Select the SVG file.

j) Now adjust the desired properties, such as size and position etc. form

Properties value.

9. USE OF DRAFT VIEW TOOL

This tool is use to put a selected objects on a svg Drawing sheet. During
operation, If no sheet exists in the document, a default one will be created. This
tool works similarly to the Drawing view tool, but is optimized for Draft object,
and can render flat 2D object with a face filling. It can also handle a couple of
specific Draft objects, such as dimensions and text, that the drawing view tool
can’t handle.

OPERATION

a) First of all switch to Draft workbench.

b) Set the Top view.

c) Then draw a Closed wire object (see the above Fig.).

d) Make a dimension(s) of an object or wire.

e) Now switch to Drawing workbench.

f) Then select the 2D object with dimension with the help of ctrl + A.

g) Press the
Draft view tool.

h) A Page will create in Combo or Tree View.

i) Then make double click on page and a Drawing sheet will open in new

tab.

j) Now you can adjust the desired properties, such as size and position etc.

form Properties value.

Note:-
This tool will work best with flat 2D objects from the Draft or
Sketcher modules.

10. USE OF EXPORT A PAGE TOOL

This tool is use to Export or saves the current Drawing sheet as an SVG
(scalable vector graphics) file. Such a file can then be edited in a scalable vector
graphics program such as Inkscape.
SVG files are common and can be viewed in most modern browsers and image
viewers. It can be a useful way to share a design with people who don't have
FreeCAD installed on their PC.

END
13. IMAGE WORKBENCH

The image workbench manages different types of bitmap images, and lets
you open them in FreeCAD. Currently, the modules lets you open .bmp, .jpg,
.png, .xpm etc. file formats in a separate viewer window.
The major use is tracing over the image, in order to generate a new part at using
the image as template.
Image Tools : - In Image workbench, the image tools are used for importing
the bitmap images and use as template for creating the different object .

The description and working of Image tool are as follows,
1. USE OF OPEN IMAGE VIEW TOOL

This tool is use to open an image in 3D work plane.

OPERATION

a) First of all switch to Image workbench.

b) Then press the Open image view tool.

c) A choose an image file to open dialogue will open.

d) Then select the file where you kept an image file and click on open button.

e) A image will open in new tab.

2. USE OF OPEN IMAGE VIEW TOOL

This tool is use to allow to open an image on a plane in the 3D-space of

FreeCAD.

OPERATION

a) First of all switch to Image workbench.

b) Then press the Image in the 3D view tool.

c) A choose an image file to open dialogue will open.

d) Now, select the file where you kept an image file and click on open

button.
e) Then a Choose orientation window will open.

f) Select the Plane(XY) from Choose orientation window and click on OK

button..
g) A image will open in 3D view.

h) Now switch to Part design workbench.

i) Click on New sketch tool.

j) Then select the Plane(XY) from Choose orientation window.

k) Make an one sketch according to figure in 3D work plane and hit the

Close button to exit the sketches function (see below Fig.).

l) Then select the ImagePlane from combo view and make hide object

(Right click on ImagePlane and select Hide selection).

m) Then it looks like above figure.
n) Then select the Sketch form combo view o) Now press the
Pad tool
and make a pad of object.

p) Then it looks like above figure.

q) Hit the OK button to exist the function.

END

The Raytracing workbench is used to generate photorealistic images of

your models by rendering them with an external renderer. The Raytracing
workbench works with templates, the same way as the Drawing workbench,
by allowing you to create a Raytracing project in which you add views of your
objects. The project can then be exported to a ready-to-render file, or be
rendered directly.

Currently, in Raytracing workbench two renderers are
supported: Povray and luxrender. To be able to render directly from FreeCAD,
at least one of those renderers must be installed on your system, and its path
must be configured in the FreeCAD Raytracing preferences. Without any
renderer installed, though, you are still able to export a scene file that can be
used in any of those renderers later, or on another machine.

NOTE:-
I recommended to use Povray because it is open source software and very easy
to use.

HOW TO INSTALLED POVRAY

Search the Povray (http://www.povray.org/) on Google and download
the latest version of Povray. For downloading the latest version of
Povray you can also follow the link-
(http://www.povray.org/ftp/pub/povray/Official/povwin-3.7-agpl3-
setup.exe)
After downloading the Povray, click on the Povray setup and run it.
Follow the instructions and install the Povray.
After installation, open the Povray.
Then click on Option button and check No Restriction in Script I/O

Restriction (see the below Fig.).

Now, your Povray are ready to use with FreeCAD.

HOW TO SET RAYTRACING PATH IN FreeCAD

In FreeCAD, the Raytracing workbench is work only, when
its path must be configured in the FreeCAD Raytracing preferences.

Open the FreeCAD and switch to Raytracing workbench.

Then, select the Edit and click on Preferences in FreeCAD.

A preference tab will open in 3D view.

Select the Raytracing and set the POV-Ray executable path
(see the below Fig.).

Generally, the POV-Ray executable path is: -

[C:/Program Files/POV-Ray/v3.7/bin/pvengine32-sse2.exe]

Then hit the Apply button and click on Ok to exit the

Preferences function.

Now, FreeCAD is ready to use for Raytracing project with
Povray render.

Tools in Raytracing Workbench
1. RAYTRACING PROJECT TOOLS
Raytracing project tools are the main tools for modifying your 3D work with
external renderers.

The description Raytracing project tools are as follows,
NEW POVRAY PROJECT : - This tool is use to insert a new
POV-Ray project in the current work. This tool consists two parts, first
one is ProjectStd and second one is RadiosityNormal. You can choose
any one, whatever you want.

NEW LUXRENDER PROJECT : - This tool is use to insert a

new LuxRender project in the current work. This tool also consists two
parts, first one is LuxClassic and second one is LuxOutdoor. You can
choose any one, whatever you want.

INSERT PART : - This tool is use to insert a view of a part in a
current Raytracing project.

RESET CAMERA : - This tool is use to reset the camera position
of a Raytracing project to the current work.

RESET CAMERA : - This tool is use to export a Raytracing
project to a scene file for rendering in an external
render(PovRay/LuxRender).

RENDER : - This tool is use to Renders directly with an external
render (PovRay/LuxRender).

2. UTILITIES TOOLS
Utilities tools are helper tools to perform specific tasks manually.
The description utilities tools are as follows,
EXPORT VIEW TO POVRAY : - This tool is use to write the

active 3D view with camera and all content to a PovRay file.

EXPORT CAMERA TO POVRAY : - This tool is use to export

to camera position of the active 3D view in PovRay format to a file.

EXPORT PARTTO POVRAY : - This tool is use to write the
selected object as a PovRay file.

OPERATION WITH RAYTRACING
WORKBENCH

In FreeCAD, the Raytracing workbench play great roll to make the photorealistic
images of part or object. In this workbench, all the tools have same value to
make the rendered image. The procedure for how to make photorealistic images
are as follows:-

PROCEDURE

Open the FreeCAD and create a new document.
Switch to Part workbench.
Then create a new part(Cylinder, Cube, Sphere etc.).

You can also change the Shape Color of Cylinder for better look (see
below Fig.).

Now switch to Raytracing Workbench.

Then go to View menu and make the View to Perspective view. you
can also set the view form keyboard. Letter (O) for Orthography view
and letter (P) for Perspective view.

You can also set the rendered image size. Go to the Edit menu and select
the Preferences. Then select the Raytracing and set the POV-Ray
output parameters like (W+ & H+).

Now click on New PovRay project and select the project

(ProjectStd or RadiosityNormal) form dropdown menu. I am selecting
here RadiosityNormal.

Then select the Cylinder form Combo view and click on the
Insert part tool.
Now select the PovProject form the Combo view and click on the
Reset Camera tool.

Then again select PovProject form the Combo view and click on the
Export Project tool.

A Export page window will open in
current document (see below Fig.).

Then choose the folder where you want

to export the rendered project and write the file name (cylinder.pov) and
hit the Save button.

Then again select PovProject form the Combo view and click on the
Render tool. This tool make the rendered image directly with the
help of external render software like POV-Ray.

A Rendered image window will open in

current document (see below Fig.).

Then choose the folder where you want

to export or save the rendered image and write the file name
(cylinder.png) and hit the Save button.

Then wait for rendering to finish. This
may take a while.

After finished the rendering, the

FreeCAD will immediately open the rendered image in new window

(see below Fig.).

Now operation has finished.

You can also follow the same procedure

for another project of POV-Ray as ProjectStd.

NOTE:-

For better understanding, Follow the video tutorial link:
https://youtu.be/XOqMLWh2JzM

[HOW TO USE RAYTRACING WORKBENCH IN FreeCAD]

END
15. IMPORTANT NOTE

NOTE - 1

In FreeCAD, the offline FreeCAD manual and tutorial is in built. This
tool is looks like: - and the name is “What is this”.

This tool is located in right side of the workbench.
Triple click on this tool and find or search the all things which are
related to FreeCAD.

In this, the FreeCAD documentation contents are very important. Click
on FreeCAD documentation and find the related question and notes.

For find the FreeCAD tutorial, type the Tutorial in search box and
select the all listed notes.

NOTE - 2
FreeCAD is Very easy to use software no dot, but is totally depending on that
how much time you are expanding with FreeCAD. It just like a, how a new
person handle the smartphone easily without guidance. I know mistake will
happen during handle the FreeCAD, but I also know you will correct it shortly.

Finally, it is universal truth “Practice Makes Perfect”. So do not wait, let’s
start………

Bibliography
http://www.freecadweb.org/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FreeCAD

http://www.freecadweb.org/wiki/index.php?title=Category:Tutorials

And website.

[Thank You For Reading]

END

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VIKASH KUMAR CHAUDHARY

:- FreeCAD is open source and completely 3D modular for CAD, MCAD,

Parts & Assembly Modeling

: - Really, this software is very useful and easy to use according to my

d) For Rotate view:-

(see the below Fig.)

b) A Customize dialog box will open (see the below Fig).

: - The Draft workbench allows to quickly drawing simple 2D objects in

Turns snapping on/off globally.

SET WORKING PLANE

TOGGLE CONSTRUCTION MODE

: - We have already discussed about the draft or draft workbench. The

3. For starts the point of the line: - Property Data Start.

4. For end the point of the line: - Property Data Start.

2. Switch the Workbench and select the Draft.

3. Then, select the Wire or press W then I from keyboard.

2. For chamfer size: - Property Data Chamfer Size.

3. For closed the wire: - Property Data Closed (false \ true).

4. For fillet radius: - Property Data Fillet Radius.

6. For pattern style of the closed wire: - Property View Pattern.

7. For pattern size of the closed wire: - Property View Pattern

2. Switch the Workbench and select the Draft.

3. Then, select the Circle or press C then I from keyboard.

5. For radius: - Property Data Radius value.

3. Then, select the Arc or press A then R from keyboard.

2. For first angle: - Property Data First Angle.

3. For last angle or Aperture: - Property Data Last Angle.

2. Switch the Workbench and select the Draft.

3. Then, select the Ellipse or press E then L from keyboard.

2. For first angle: - Property Data First Angle.

3. For last angle or Aperture: - Property Data Last Angle.

4. For make a major radius: - Property Data Major Radius

5. For make a face: - Property Data Make Face (false/true).

POLYGON : - The polygon tool creates a regular polygon in the

2. Switch the Workbench and select the Draft.

3. Then, select the Polygon or press P then G from keyboard.

2. For chamfer size: - Property Data Chamfer Size.

5. For make a face: - Property Data Make Face (false/true).

6. For make a curvature radius: - Property Data Radius value.

3. Then, select the Rectangle or press R then E from keyboard.

3. For make a fillet radius: - Property Data Fillet Radius value.

4. For make a height: - Property Data Height value.

5. For make a length: - Property Data Length value.

2. Switch the Workbench and select the Draft.

3. Then, select the Text or press T then E from keyboard.

7. For rotation axis: - Property View Rotation Axis.

8. For text color: - Property View Text Color.

9. For visibility of text: - Property View Visibility (false/true).

3. Then, select the Dimension or press D then I from keyboard.

2. For arrow type of dimension: - Property View Arrow Type.

3. For dimension color, width, Point color of the dimension: - Property

5. For end point of dimension: - Property View End Point.

2. Switch the Workbench and select the Draft.

3. Then, select the B-spline or press B then S from keyboard.

2. Switch the Workbench and select the Draft.

3. Then, select the Point or press P then T from keyboard.

3. Then, select the Shape string or press S then S from keyboard.