Assessment Covid and Development

Graded Assessment
Joanna Riera Martínez
COVID-19 AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: RISKS AND OPPORTUNITIES
“The fear is that development, cooperation and partnerships will take a back seat as a result of Covid-19… this
would be a devastating option. It could be even more devastating than the disease itself.” (Nabil Al-Sharif, executive
director of the Anna Lindh Foundation for Dialogue between Cultures).
The Coronavirus has had an impact on different factors related to the 2030 Agenda. According
to Barbier y Burgess (2020)1 the Covid-10 Pandemic has affected on ODS 1 (Loss of income
and more poverty), ODS 2 (disruption to food production and distribution), ODS 3 (Devastating
health outcomes), ODS 4 (School closures, remote learning, less accessible), ODS 5 (women’s
economic gains at risk), ODS 6 (Supply disruptions and inadequate access), ODS 7 (Supply
disruptions to electricity), ODS 8 (Contraction and unemployment), ODS 11 (High population
density exposure), ODS 13 (Less commitment to global action), ODS 16 (Greater conflict, civil
unrest) and finally, ODS 17 (Backlash against globalization, rising nationalism).
Additionally, there may be a significant psychological impact linked to future inequalities and
uncertainty; and many of these people have no income security2. In the following diagram of
this the authors Leal et al. (2020) the effects can be observed:
Figure 1. Some of the main impacts of COVID-19 on the SD
On April 29, 20203, a seminar was held between the ESDR (Sustainable development solutions
network) and the (Institute for European Environmental Policy). In it, it was shown that more
1
Barbier, E. & Burguess, J. (2020). Sustainability and development after Covid-19. World Development
vol 135.
2
Leal, W; Londero, L; Lange, A; Rayman-Bacchus, L; Platje, J. (2020). Covid-19 and the UN sustainable
development goals: threat to solidarity or an opportunity? Sustainability, vol 12. doi:10.3390/su12135343
3
https://www.unsdsn.org/outcomes-from-european-sustainable-development-report
Graded Assessment
collective effort is still needed if the SDGs are to be achieved by 2030. This crisis has also
highlighted the vulnerability of global governance, since internal problems have come to be
above international cooperation, which it has caused many underdeveloped countries that don’t
have the resources to address them to have been truly affected by the pandemic in achieving the
SDGs4. The process of implementing these goals is not easy. In fact, Bowen et al. (2017)
highlighted something important: “governance failures do not indicate necessarily that the
SDGs cannot be implemented. But it is necessary to have means to address potential failures by
viewing them as an integral part of the implementation".
The scenarios contemplated in future governance are not encouraging and pose a threat to the
implementation of the SDGs. Santos et al. (2020) raise the need to create a dynamic, flexible
plan, where the causes of changes in the behaviour of governments can be sought in the face of
risk and uncertainty scenarios and their negative impact on multilateral cooperation, a
fundamental pillar in the Agenda. In their study, through the analysis of contextual categories,
they point to the relevance of greater institutionalization and legalization, the establishment of
more binding and precise norms and, finally, a greater delegation of authority.
Filho et al. (2020) assess precisely how COVID-19 can affect the implementation of the SDGs
through an analysis of the literature, observations and an assessment of current global trends.
The results suggest that by establishing COVID as the highest priority, it has stopped treating
other existing diseases without carrying out the prevention programs linked to them. The same
authors make a wake-up call to continue with its implementation and not enter into danger.
But not all is lost. Nona Deprez5, Head of Unit for the Partnership Instrument for the European
Commission's Service for Foreign Policy Instrument (FPI) sees an opportunity to re-launch the
affected economies to accelerate progress towards longer-term ambitions for sustainable
development until 2030. The Covid has also made possible to observe that nursing, a practical
branch of health knowledge, can operate within the framework of the SDGs and that there is
critical research from this approach to achieve the SDGs during the next decade and in this era
of COVID-19. In fact, nursing profession is an opportunity to innovate, collaborate, and lead in
making improvements toward collective health and well-being6.
HLPF (Annual High-Level Political Forum on Sustainable Development) is the United Nations'
main platform for assessing progress towards the SDGs. This year was held between July 7 and
16, 2020 and they were able to show how many member states voluntarily contributed reports
on monitoring and compliance with the 2030 Agenda7. Specifically there were 47 countries: 11
4
Santos-Carrillo, F; Fernández, L; Sianes, A. (2020). Rethinking the Governance of the 2030 Agenda for
sustainable development in the Covid-19 Era. Sustainability, vol 12. doi:10.3390/su12187680
5
Report de Sustainable development in the Euro-Mediterranean: aligning COVID-19 recovery with the
2030 Agenda in https://www.friendsofeurope.org/insights/sustainable-development-in-the-euro-
mediterranean-aligning-covid-19-recovery-with-the-2030-agenda/
6
Peter, C; Porta, C. (2020). Nursing and sustainable development foals (SDGs) in a Covid-19 world: the
state of the science and a call for nursing to lead. Public Health Nurs, vol 37 (799-805). DOI:
10.1111/phn.12776
7
Countries commit to meeting SDGs in face of pandemic in
https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/hlpf/2020#intro and https://www.euro.who.int/en/health-
topics/health-emergencies/coronavirus-covid-19/news/news/2020/7/countries-commit-to-meeting-sdgs-
in-face-of-pandemic
Graded Assessment
from Europe, 11 from Asia, 16 from Africa and 9 from Latin America and the Caribbean.
Despite the pandemic, all countries expressed their support for the SDGs and discussed
response measures to help mitigate the negative effects of COVID-19. The pandemic makes the
path to SD more difficult but at the same time puts more pressure on governments to act to
improve health and well-being.
REFERENCES
Barbier, E. & Burguess, J. (2020). Sustainability and development after Covid-19. World
Development vol 135.
Bowen, K. (2012). Implementing the “Sustainable Development Goals”: towards addressing

three key governance challenges- collective action, trade-offs, and accountability. A: Current
Opinion in Environmental Sustainability. Vol 26-27, 90-96. doi:10.1016/j.cosust.2017.05.002
Leal, W; Londero, L; Lange, A; Rayman-Bacchus, L; Platje, J. (2020). Covid-19 and the UN

sustainable development goals: threat to solidarity or an opportunity? Sustainability, vol 12.
doi:10.3390/su12135343
Santos-Carrillo, F; Fernández, L; Sianes, A. (2020). Rethinking the Governance of the 2030

Agenda for sustainable development in the Covid-19 Era. Sustainability, vol 12.
doi:10.3390/su12187680
Peter, C; Porta, C. (2020). Nursing and sustainable development foals (SDGs) in a Covid-19
world: the state of the science and a call for nursing to lead. Public Health Nurs, vol 37 (799-
805). DOI: 10.1111/phn.12776

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Graded Assessment

Joanna Riera Martínez

COVID-19 AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: RISKS AND OPPORTUNITIES

Figure 1. Some of the main impacts of COVID-19 on the SD

Bowen, K. (2012). Implementing the “Sustainable Development Goals”: towards addressing

Leal, W; Londero, L; Lange, A; Rayman-Bacchus, L; Platje, J. (2020). Covid-19 and the UN

Santos-Carrillo, F; Fernández, L; Sianes, A. (2020). Rethinking the Governance of the 2030

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