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Mark Scheme (Results)

January 2007

GCE

GCE Mathematics

Core Mathematics C3 (6665)

Edexcel Limited. Registered in England and Wales No. 4496750

Registered Office: One90 High Holborn, London WC1V 7BH
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January 2007
6665 Core Mathematics C3
Mark Scheme

Question
Scheme Marks
Number

1. (a) sin 3θ = sin ( 2θ + θ ) = sin 2θ cos θ + cos 2θ sin θ B1

= 2sin θ cos 2 θ + (1 − 2sin 2 θ ) sin θ B1 B1
= 2sin θ − 2sin θ + sin θ − 2sin θ
3 3
M1
= 3sin θ − 4sin 3 θ ¿ cso A1 (5)

3
⎛ 3⎞ 3 3 3 3 9 3
(b) sin 3θ = 3 × √ − 4 ⎜ √ ⎟ = √ − √ = √
3
or exact
4 ⎝ 4 ⎠ 4 16 16 M1 A1 (2)
equivalent
[7]

( x + 2) , −3 ( x + 2 ) + 3
2

2. (a) f ( x ) = M1 A1, A1
( x + 2)
2

x 2 + 4 x + 4 − 3x − 6 + 3 x2 + x + 1
= = ¿ cso A1 (4)
( x + 2) ( x + 2)
2 2

2
⎛ 1⎞ 3
(b) x + x + 1 = ⎜ x + ⎟ + , > 0 for all values of x.
2
M1 A1, A1 (3)
⎝ 2⎠ 4

2
⎛ 1⎞ 3
⎜x+ ⎟ +
(c) f ( x ) = ⎝
2⎠ 4
( x + 2)
2

Numerator is positive from (b)

x ≠ −2 ⇒ ( x + 2 ) > 0 (Denominator is positive)
2

Hence f ( x ) > 0 B1 (1)

[8]

Alternative to (b)

dx
(
d 2
x + x + 1) = 2 x + 1 = 0 ⇒ x = − ⇒ x 2 + x + 1 =
1
2
3
4
M1 A1

A parabola with positive coefficient of x 2 has a minimum ⇒ x 2 + x + 1 > 0 A1 (3)

Accept equivalent arguments

1
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Question
Scheme Marks
Number

π π 1
3. (a) y = ⇒ x = 2sin = 2×
= √ 2 ⇒ P∈C B1 (1)
4 4 √2
Accept equivalent (reversed) arguments. In any method it must be clear
π 1
that sin = or exact equivalent is used.
4 √2

dx dy
(b) = 2 cos y or 1 = 2 cos y M1 A1
dy dx
dy 1
= May be awarded after substitution M1
dx 2 cos y
π dy 1
y= ⇒ = ¿ cso A1 (4)
4 dx √ 2

(c) m′ = − √ 2 B1
π
y−
4
(
= −√ 2 x −√ 2 ) M1 A1
π
y = − √ 2x + 2 + A1 (4)
4
[9]

dy (9 + x ) − x ( 2x ) ⎜
2 ⎛ ⎞
9 − x2 ⎟
4. (i) = = M1 A1
(9 + x2 ) ⎜ ( 9 + x 2 )2 ⎟
2
dx
⎝ ⎠
dy
= 0 ⇒ 9 − x 2 = 0 ⇒ x = ±3 M1 A1
dx
⎛ 1⎞ ⎛ 1⎞
⎜ 3, ⎟ , ⎜ −3, − ⎟ Final two A marks depend on second M only A1, A1 (6)
⎝ 6⎠ ⎝ 6⎠

1
= (1 + e 2 x ) 2 × 2 e 2 x
dy 3
(ii) M1 A1 A1
dx 2
1 1
= (1 + eln 3 ) 2 × 2 eln 3 = 3 × 4 2 × 3 = 18
1 dy 3
x= ln 3 ⇒ M1 A1 (5)
2 dx 2
[11]

2
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Question
Number Scheme Marks

( )
2
5. (a) R 2 = √ 3 + 12 ⇒ R = 2 M1 A1
π
tan α = √ 3 ⇒ α = accept awrt 1.05 M1 A1 (4)
3

1
(b) sin ( x + their α ) = M1
2
π ⎛ 5π 13π ⎞
x + their α = ⎜ , ⎟ A1
6 ⎝ 6 6 ⎠
π 11π
x= , accept awrt 1.57, 5.76 M1 A1 (4)
2 6
[8]
The use of degrees loses only one mark in this question. Penalise the first
time it occurs in an answer and then ignore.

3
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Question
Scheme Marks
Number

6. (a) y = ln ( 4 − 2 x )
1
e y = 4 − 2 x leading to x = 2 − e y Changing subject and removing ln M1 A1
2
1 x 1
y = 2 − e ⇒ f −1 a 2 − e x ¿ cso A1
2 2
Domain of f −1 is B1 (4)

(b) Range of f −1 is f −1 ( x ) < 2 (and f -1 (x ) ∈ ) B1 (1)

(c)

Shape B1
1.5 B1
ln 4 B1
ln 4
y=2 B1 (4)

(d) x1 ≈ −0.3704, x2 ≈ −0.3452 cao B1, B1 (2)

If more than 4 dp given in this part a maximum on one mark is lost.
Penalise on the first occasion.

(e) x3 = −0.354 030 19 …

x4 = −0.350 926 88 …
x5 = −0.352 017 61 …
x6 = −0.351 633 86 … Calculating to at least x6 to at least four dp M1
k ≈ −0.352 cao A1 (2)
[13]

Alternative to (e)
k ≈ −0.352 Found in any way
1
Let g ( x ) = x + e x
2
g ( −0.3515 ) ≈ +0.0003, g ( −0.3525 ) ≈ −0.001 M1
Change of sign (and continuity) ⇒ k ∈ ( −0.3525, − 0.3515 )
⇒ k = −0.352 (to 3 dp) A1 (2)

4
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Question
Scheme Marks
Number

7. (a) f ( −2 ) = 16 + 8 − 8 ( = 16 ) > 0 B1
f ( −1) = 1 + 4 − 8 ( = −3) < 0 B1
Change of sign (and continuity) ⇒ root in interval ( −2, − 1) B1ft (3)
ft their calculation as long as there is a sign
change

dy
(b) = 4 x3 − 4 = 0 ⇒ x = 1 M1 A1
dx
Turning point is (1, − 11) A1 (3)

(c) a = 2, b = 4, c = 4 B1 B1 B1 (3)

(d)

Shape B1
ft their turning point in
B1 ft
correct quadrant only
2 and −8 B1 (3)

(e)

Shape B1 (1)
[13]

5
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Question
Scheme Marks
Number

8. (i) sec2 x − cosec2 x = (1 + tan 2 x ) − (1 + cot 2 x ) M1 A1

= tan 2 x − cot 2 x ¿ cso A1 (3)

(ii)(a) y = arccos x ⇒ x = cos y B1

⎛π ⎞ π
x = sin ⎜ − y ⎟ ⇒ arcsin x = − y B1 (2)
⎝2 ⎠ 2
Accept
arcsin x = arcsin cos y

π π
(b) arccos x + arcsin x = y + −y= B1 (1)
2 2
[6]

Alternatives for (i)

sec 2 x − tan 2 x = 1 = cosec 2 x − cot 2 x M1 A1

Rearranging sec2 x − cosec 2 x = tan 2 x − cot 2 x ¿
A1 (3)
cso

⎛ 1 1 sin 2 x − cos 2 x ⎞
⎜ LHS = − = ⎟
⎝ cos 2 x sin 2 x cos 2 x sin 2 x ⎠

sin 2 x cos 2 x sin 4 x − cos 4 x ( sin x − cos x )( sin x + cos x )

2 2 2 2

RHS = − = = M1
cos 2 x sin 2 x cos 2 x sin 2 x cos 2 x sin 2 x
sin 2 x − cos 2 x
= A1
cos 2 x sin 2 x
= LHS ¿ or equivalent A1 (3)