WORLD UNIVERSITY OF BANGLADESH

Department of Electrical & Electronic Engineering (EEE)

Course Title: Electrical Circuits I Lab Course Code: EEE 204

Task 1 b: Verification of Ohm’s Law.

Theory:
Electricity is the flow of electric charge carriers. It is measured quantitatively by amount of electric
current I (Amperes), through the circuit element of interest. In order to create electricity through a circuit
element a potential difference ∆V (Volts), must be created across that element.

Ohm’s law basically dictates the relationship

between potential difference ∆V (Volts) and electric current I
(Amperes) in an ideal conductor. The statement of this law is:

The potential difference (voltage) across an ideal

conductor is proportional to the current through it.

Mathematically this can be expressed as:

Figure: 01 Circuit symbol of a resistor.
∆V α I Direction of I is given according to
∆V= IR passive sign convention.

The constant of proportionality is called the "resistance",

R (measured in ohms or Ω),
∆V =Potential difference across the resistor (volts),
I=Current or electric current through the resistor
(amperes).

Equipments:
# Trainer Board 1 piece
# DC Voltage Supply 1 unit
# Resistors (1kΩ and 2.2kΩ) 1 piece each
# Multimeter 1 unit
# Chords and wire as required

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Circuit Diagram:

(a) Usage of Voltmeter to measure . (b) Usage of Ammeter to measure I. Figure: 02 Circuits for
verification of ohms law.

Procedure:

1. With the help of the Course Instructor, get yourself familiarized with various DC components: DC
power supply ( how to change its value including ‘Fine’ change, significance of ‘Current Limit Indicator/
Overload Indicator’), resistor (learn about the ‘Color Code’ fabricated on them), Digital Multimeter,
DMM( learn different modes of it specially ‘Voltmeter Mode’, ‘Ammeter Mode’, ’Ohmmeter Mode’),
bread board (specially its connections) etc.
2. Take a resistor, measure it resistance by observing the ‘Color Code’ on it and verify it measuring the
value using DMM in ‘Ohmmeter Mode’.
3. Learn with care how a DMM is to be connected in ‘Voltmeter mode’. Also observe the effect if it
is connected in series.
4. Learn with great caution how a DMM is to be used in ‘Ammeter Mode’. Also observe the effect if it is
connected in parallel (Note: Don’t do it without the supervision of the instructor. Because you may
burn it out)
5. Measure the resistance values of the given resistors and note down these values in the specified
blanks below (Data collection section). (Use multimeter as an ohmmeter).
6. Make sure the variable dc power supply is at 0V.
7. Connect the circuit in Fig. 2(a). For a particular supply voltage, measure the potential difference across
R1. For this purpose you have to use the multimeter as a voltmeter. (Caution: check that the
multimeter jacks are in appropriate positions and the proper range is selected). Note down the value of
the potential difference in Table 1.1.
8. Now construct the circuit in Fig. 2(b), without changing the supply voltage measure the current
through the resistor. You now have to convert the multimeter into an ammeter. (Caution: check that
the multimeter jacks are in appropriate positions for current measurement and the proper range is
selected). Note down the value of the electric current in Table 1.1.
9. You have to vary the supply voltage from 0V to 10V in 1V step. For each value of the supply
voltage follow step 03 followed by step 04.
10. Now repeat the steps 2, 3, 4 and 5 for the second resistor R2, and this time note the data in Table 1.2.

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Data Collection & Observation Sheet

Value of R1 = _______________ kΩ Value of R2 = ______________ kΩ

Table-1.1: For R1

VSUPPLY ∆V I ∆V/I
(Volts) (Volts) (mA) (kΩ)

…………..

***For the verification of the law, check out whether the values of column 04 (i.e .∆V/I) are all almost same (i.e.
a constant) and also check out whether this constant is equal to the measured value of the resistance of R 1.

Table-1.2: For R2

VSUPPLY ∆V I ∆V/I
(Volts) (Volts) (mA) (kΩ)

………..

***For the verification of the law, check out whether the values of column 04 (i.e .∆V/I) are all almost same (i.e.
a constant) and also check out whether this constant is equal to the measured value of the resistance of R2.

Report Questions:
1. Why the recoded values of column 04 of the each of the data tables varies. (According to the law these
values should all be the same, i.e. a constant).
2. On the same graph paper plot the I- ∆V characteristics for both R1 and R2. The graph for the
resistor having lower resistance possesses the greater slope – Explain.
3. What is the resistance of an automobile headlight through which 2.50 A flows when 12.0 V is applied
to it?
4. How many volts are supplied to operate an indicator light on a DVD player that has a resistance of
140Ω, given that 25.0 mA passes through it?
5. After experimenting with 3 different circuit elements it is found that their I-V characteristics look like
those in the following figure (Figure-03 (a), (b) and (c)). Decide which one of them is a resistor or not
with proper reason.
6. For fig: 03 (d) and (e) calculate V0. (Hints: Use ohms law and passive sign convention.)

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 (a) Element-01 (b) Element-02 (c) Element-03

(d) (e)
Figure: 03

**Temperature difference is responsible for heat flow, height difference is responsible for mass flow and potential
difference is responsible for charge flow (electric current).
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