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    Wireless Auto Power Trip During Gas Leakage: P.Jegadeesh, R.Mourish Raj, S .Sridharan

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    Jegadeesh Pj
    1. The document describes a wireless system to detect gas leaks and automatically cut power to prevent explosions. 2. The system has a gas sensor module that detects leaks and transmits signals to a receiver. If gas levels surpass a threshold, the receiver triggers an alarm and uses a relay to cut power. 3. The system was able to detect small gas concentrations and cut power from up to 30 meters away. However, improvements could include temperature compensation and using an SCR for power cutting instead of a relay to reduce sparks.

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    Wireless Auto Power Trip During Gas Leakage: P.Jegadeesh, R.Mourish Raj, S .Sridharan

    Uploaded by

    Jegadeesh Pj
    58 views5 pages
    1. The document describes a wireless system to detect gas leaks and automatically cut power to prevent explosions. 2. The system has a gas sensor module that detects leaks and transmits signals to a receiver. If gas levels surpass a threshold, the receiver triggers an alarm and uses a relay to cut power. 3. The system was able to detect small gas concentrations and cut power from up to 30 meters away. However, improvements could include temperature compensation and using an SCR for power cutting instead of a relay to reduce sparks.

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    wireless Wireless Auto Power Trip during Gas Leakage

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    1. The document describes a wireless system to detect gas leaks and automatically cut power to prevent explosions. 2. The system has a gas sensor module that detects leaks and transmits signals to a receiver. If gas levels surpass a threshold, the receiver triggers an alarm and uses a relay to cut power. 3. The system was able to detect small gas concentrations and cut power from up to 30 meters away. However, improvements could include temperature compensation and using an SCR for power cutting instead of a relay to reduce sparks.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    58 views5 pages

    Wireless Auto Power Trip During Gas Leakage: P.Jegadeesh, R.Mourish Raj, S .Sridharan

    Uploaded by

    Jegadeesh Pj
    1. The document describes a wireless system to detect gas leaks and automatically cut power to prevent explosions. 2. The system has a gas sensor module that detects leaks and transmits signals to a receiver. If gas levels surpass a threshold, the receiver triggers an alarm and uses a relay to cut power. 3. The system was able to detect small gas concentrations and cut power from up to 30 meters away. However, improvements could include temperature compensation and using an SCR for power cutting instead of a relay to reduce sparks.

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    1

    Wireless Auto Power Trip during Gas Leakage

    P.Jegadeesh, R.Mourish Raj, S .Sridharan.


    Abstract

    It’s a known fact that LPG leakage during domestic usage is a disaster,
    especially when we switch on any electric switch or appliances because it may
    produce a spark which causes sudden loud explosion of the gas filled room. In
    our nation there is an increase in such accidents and casualties related to it in
    the recent times. Our main idea is to implement security system for detecting
    leakage of gas in closed environment using sensors. Once the gas leakage is
    detected depending on the level of gas immediately the wireless systems will
    trip of the power supply so as to avoid explosion.

    Keywords: LPG leakage, Gas sensors, Wireless systems.

    1. Introduction:
    LPG is indispensible part of our life as it is an important source of fuel for cooking and also
    used in automobiles as an alternative to petrol and diesel. Although it is a clean fuel it poses a
    threat as it is highly combustible. As the LPG’s are available either in pressurized cylinders or
    as in pipeline supply there is high chance of leakage. So if leakage occurs there is a high
    chance of an explosion even when any electrical sparks occurs which may result in causalities
    and loss of property.
    As more and more households have started using LPG there is an increase in the number
    of accidents being reported owing to gas leakage. So our work aims at reducing accidents
    related to gas leakage in household as well as in industries. Wireless technology been adapted
    gives the module more mobility and reliability.

    2. Implementation:
    The proposed wireless gas leakage system is composed of two major modules: the gas leakage
    detection and transmission module, and the receiver module. The gas leakage detection and
    transmission module detects the change in concentration of LPG and natural gas and activates
    an audiovisual alarm when it exceeds a certain threshold. Furthermore, it sends another alarm
    message through a radiofrequency (RF) system to the receiver module. The receiver module is
    a mobile unit that could be placed anywhere within the premises of the house so that the alarm
    can be detected and heard at a distance from the place of gas leakage. A block diagram for the
    proposed system is shown in Figure 1.
    2

    Transmitter Module:

    Receiver Module:

    Figure 1: Block diagram for the gas leakage detection and power trip system.

    3. Gas Leakage Detection- Transmission Module:


    The main functions of this module are to detect changes in gas concentration, and transmit a
    signal to the receiver unit. Transmitting Consists of a gas detection sensor, a sensing circuit, a
    microcontroller, and an RF transmission system. The gas detection is done using a solid state
    gas sensor that is sensitive to LPG, natural gas and other gases such as CO and H2 but not
    sensitive to air; therefore the reading is not affected by the presence of air. The sensing part is
    made from Tin Dioxide (SnO2) layer, which is a resistive element with a resistance (Rs) that
    changes with the change of concentration of gases like LPG, CH4, CO, and alcohol. Figure 2
    shows MQ-6 gas sensor and the sensitivity characteristics. The sensor can detect small
    concentrations of the above mentioned gases as small as 0.1 mg/L, which makes it suitable for
    3

    gas leak detection. It is worth mentioning that the sensor is also sensitive to room temperature
    and humidity. The driving circuit of the gas sensor, requires a DC power supply of 5 Volts
    and a load resistance (RL). The sensor needs to be heated to function properly, which is done
    through a heating element of a fixed resistance (RH). This means that the sensor should be
    switched on for a specific period of time before measurements are made. The heating power
    supply is done through the same power supply of the sensing circuit.

    The output voltage Vo from the sensing circuit is given by:

    Figure 2: MQ-6 gas sensor and its sensitivity characteristics.


    4

    And is fed into a microcontroller where it is digitized .The microcontroller reads the
    voltage from the sensor and uses it to calculate change in concentration. Under normal
    conditions, the microcontroller starts with a calibration stage where it reads the sensor voltage
    under normal conditions and considers it as the zero value. The microcontroller continuously
    reads the voltage from the sensor and compares the reading with the calibration value. If the
    reading of the sensor voltage exceeds the predetermined threshold, the microcontroller sends a
    message to the receiver module. This is done by the microcontroller by sending out a USART
    encoded packet through I/O port into the input pin of the RF transmitting module. The RF
    transmitting module is a low power frequency modulation (FM) one way link that can reach a
    distance up to 200 m outdoor and approximately 30 m indoor.

    4. Gas Leakage Detection- Receiving module:


    The receiver module is a mobile unit that receives state events from the gas detection and
    transmitting module. It consists of an RF receiver and a microcontroller (PIC- 16F877A Or
    INTEL 8051). After receiving the data from the transmitter, the RF receiver sends it to the
    microcontroller. The microcontroller reads the data, decodes it, and displays it onto the output
    devices (LED, buzzer, and LCD display). Apart from indication relay switch is used to trip the
    power supply off which will prevent electrical sparks.

    5. Results:
    The wireless gas sensing and power trip system was implemented and its working depends on
    the distance of receiver and the concentration of the gas present in the air. Furthermore the
    system has a calibrated threshold concentration value so when again the concentration drops
    below the threshold value automatically the power trip will be reversed and the alarm will go
    off.

    6. Conclusion and Scope for Further Improvement:


    This works represents a prototype for wireless gas leakage systems that can be used mainly in
    household safety and many other applications in the industry and environment. For example it
    can be used in facilities where gas cylinders are stored. Any leakage can be recognized
    through the receiver module. The use of a sensor that is sensitive to small changes of
    concentration provides an excellent tool to detect a gas leak as it can detect small
    concentrations down to 100 ppm. The sensitivity of the entire system can be adjusted by
    changing the load resistor of the sensor which provides the flexibility to externally calibrate.
    5
    Measuring the actual concentration of a certain gas cannot be easily done with this sensor,
    since it can detect many gases at the same time and has a non-linear sensitivity curve. Further
    improvement can be introduced to the system by including a temperature measurement
    system to be used for temperature compensation, which can be done through the
    microcontroller to reduce the number of false positives and false negatives. We can also
    implement silicon control rectifier (SCR) instead of a electromagnetic relay coil for power trip
    which will be more effective and further reduce sparks while tripping power.

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