Far Eastern University JULY 2020

Institute of Architecture and Fine Arts

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LECTURE READING 6: DESIGN PROBLEM OF ONE-WAY SLAB

PROBLEM 1

Design structurally the second span of a continuous one-way slab as shown. Floor finish is cement finish
and ceiling is accoustical fiber board. The slab will be used as a residential private apartment where fc’ = 25 MPa
and fy = 420 MPa.

NOTE: for reinforced concrete members, the end supports are always considered fixed support. The second span has a length of
6m.

STEP 1. DESIGN DATA

fc’ = 25 MPa
fy = 420 MPa
FF = floor finish = cement finish = 1.53 kPa from page 2-14 NSCP 2015
CL = ceiling load = acoustical board = 0.05 kPa from page 2-14 NSCP 2015
ML = miscellaneous loading = 1 kPa, constant value that takes care of the light, ducts,
electrical and mechanical installation on ceilings like
water sprinkler etc
LL = live load = private residential = 1.90 kPa from table 205-1, page 2-17 NSCP 2015 residential
basic floor area (no. 15)

STEP 2. THICKNESS

From page 4-43 NSCP 2015, the second span is continuous at both ends and fy = 420 MPa
Far Eastern University JULY 2020
Institute of Architecture and Fine Arts
___________________________________________________________________________

Therefore:
L 6(1000)
t = = = 214.29 mm say 215 mm ( round off to greater nearest whole number where last number is
28 28
either 0 or 5 only)

fy
NOTE: if fy is not 420 MPa consider section 407.3.1.1.1 NSCP 2015 above you must multiply the thickness by (0.4 + )
700

STEP 3. LOADINGS
Consider 1 m strip, (that means the width of slab to be used is 1 m)

ws = weight of slab = 23.60 (1) (0.215) = 5.07 kN/m unit weight of concrete = 23,60 kN/m3, width = 1 m,
t = 0.215 m
wF = weight of floor finish = 1.53 ( 1) = 1.53
wc = weight of ceiling load = 0.05 (1) = 0.05
wM = Weight of miscellaneous load = 1 (1) = 1.00

D = dead load = 5.07 + 1.53 + 0.05 + 1 = 7.65 kN/m

L = live load - 1.90 (1) = 1.90 kN/m

w = 1.2 D + 1.6 L = 1.2 (7.65) + 1.6 (1.90) = 12.22 kN/m using SDM

STEP 4. SHEAR AND MOMENT

To analyze continuous slab, we can use section 406.5 pages 4-37 to 4-38, NSCP 2015
Far Eastern University JULY 2020
Institute of Architecture and Fine Arts
___________________________________________________________________________

NOTE: from footnote (1) to calculate negative moment L shall be the average of the adjacent clear span lengths
Far Eastern University JULY 2020
Institute of Architecture and Fine Arts
___________________________________________________________________________

5m 6m 6m 5m

wL wL wL 1.15 wL
2 2 2 2

1.15 wL wL wL
2 2 2
wL
2
wL2 wL2 wL2 wL2
14 16 16 14

wL2 wL2 wL2 wL2 wL2

24 10 11 10 24

For second span

wL2 12.22(5.5)2
-ML = = = 36.97 kN.m
10 10
2
wL2 12.22(6)
+M = = = 27.50 kN.m
16 16
Far Eastern University JULY 2020
Institute of Architecture and Fine Arts
___________________________________________________________________________
2
wL2 12.22(6)
-MR = = = 39.99 kN.m
11 11

wL 12.22(6)
V = = = 36.66 kN.m
2 2

STEP 5. REINFORCEMENT

A) Main Reinforcement
1) –MR = 39.99 kN.m consider first the largest moment
d = effective depth
d = t - ½ ϴm - cc
d = 215 - ½ (12) - 20 thickness = 215 mm, minimum concrete cover = 20mm
d = 189 mm minimum rebar size = 12 mm ϕ

As fy As( 420)
a = ' = formula 1, b = width = 1m = 1000 mm
0.85 fc b 0.85 ( 25 ) (1000)
a = 0.02 As

a
M = ϕ As fy (d – ) formula 3
2
0.02 As
39.99 (1000)2 = 0.90 As (420) ( 189 – ) multiply moment by (1000)2 so that unit is N.mm
2
39.99(1000)2
= 189 As - 0.01 As2 simplifying
0.90(420)
105793.65 = 189 As - 0.01 As2
0 = 0.01 As2 - 189 As + 105793.65
0 = As2 - 18900 As + 10579365 divide both sides by 0.01

By quadratic equation
0 = ax2 + bx + c
where: a = 1, b = -18900, c = 10579365
x2 = As2, x = As

by quadratic formula

2
x = −b ± √2a
b −4 ac

−(−18900 ) ± √ (−18900)2−4(1)(10579365)
As =
2(1)
As = 18322.61 / 577.39
Far Eastern University JULY 2020
Institute of Architecture and Fine Arts
___________________________________________________________________________
As = 577.39 mm2 use lesser value
E

From above table 407.6.1.1, page 4-44 NSCP 2015

0.0018(420)
Asmin = Ag = 0.0018 (1000)(215) = 387 mm2 Ag = bt = gross area
420
= 0.0014 Ag = 0.0014 (1000)(215) = 301 mm 2
∴ Asmin = 387 mm2

Asmax = Pmax bd = 0.75 Pb bd

fc ' 600
= 0.75 [ 0.85 β1 ( ¿ ] bd formula 4, β 1 = 0.85 bec, fc’ ¿ 28 MPa
fy 600+fy
25 600
= 0.75 (0.85) (0.85)( )( ¿ (1000) (189)
420 600+420
= 3585.94 mm2

therefore: As = 577.39 mm2 ¿ Asmin SAFE

¿ Asmax SAFE

-AsR = 577.39 mm2

Ao
S = (1000) S = spacing of bars, Ao = area of one bar
As

π
(12)2
S = 4 (1000) = 195.88 mm say 195 mm use nearest smaller value whole number
577.39
ending in 0 or 5
s = 195 mm ¿ maximum spacing
3t or 450mm = 3(215) = 645 mm or 450 mm SAFE

Use 12 mm ϕ bars @ 195 mm o.c. o.c. = on centers

2) –ML = 36.97 kN.m

Far Eastern University JULY 2020
Institute of Architecture and Fine Arts
___________________________________________________________________________
d = 189 mm
a = 0.02 As

a
M = ϕ As fy (d – )
2
0.02 As
36.97 (1000)2 = 0.90 As (420) ( 189 - )
2
0 = As2 – 18900 As + 9780423 simplifying

By quadratic formula

As = 18367.52 / 532.48

As = 532.48 mm2 ¿Asmin SAFE

¿ Asmax SAFE

Therefore -AsL = 532.48 mm2

π
Ao (12)2
S = (1000) = 4 (1000) = 212.40 mm say 210 mm
As
532.48

S = 210 mm ¿ 450 mm SAFE

Use 12 mm ϕ bars @ 210 mm o.c.

3) + M = 27.50 kN.m

d = 189 mm
a = 0.02 As

a
M = ϕ As fy (d – )
2
0.02 As
27.50 (1000)2 = 0.90 As (420) ( 189 - )
2
0 = As2 – 18900 As + 7279132 simplifying

By quadratic formula

As = 18506.90 / 393.10

+ As = 393.10 mm2 ¿Asmin SAFE

¿ Asmax SAFE

π
Ao (12)2
S = (1000) = 4 (1000) = 287.71 mm say 285 mm
As
393.10

S = 285 mm ¿ 450 mm SAFE

Far Eastern University JULY 2020
Institute of Architecture and Fine Arts
___________________________________________________________________________

Use 12 mm ϕ bars @ 285 mm o.c.

B) TEMPERATURE REINFORCEMENT

From above Table 424.4.3.2, page 4-159 NSCP 2015

As t 0.0018(420)
K = K = = 0.0018 ADOPT
bt 420
= 0.0014

Ast = Kbt
= 0.0018 (1000) (215) = 387 mm2

π
Ao (10)2
S = (1000) = 4 (1000) = 202.9 mm say 200 mm
As
387

S = 200 mm ¿ 5t or 450 mm SAFE

USE 10 mm ϕ temperature bars @ 200 mm o.c.

STEP 6. CHECH SHEAR

Va = allowable shear
Va = ϕ 0.17 λ √ fc ' bd from page 4-145 NSCP 2015

Va = 0.75 (0.17) (1) √ 25 (1000) (189)/1000 divide it by 1000 so that unit will be kN
= 120.49 kN ϕ = 0.75 shear
λ=1 ,page 4-127 NSCP 2015
Far Eastern University JULY 2020
Institute of Architecture and Fine Arts
___________________________________________________________________________
V = actual shear = Vmax - wd Vmax = 36.66 kN, step 4

V = 36.66 - 12.22 (0.189) w = 12.22 kN/m step 3,

= 34.35 kN ¿ 120.49 kN SAFE d = 189 mm = 0.189 m

NOTE : If shear fails go back to step 2 and make thickness thicker

STER 7. SKETCH