Swachh Bharat

Mission (Urban)
[SBM (U)]
Manual for District- Level Functionaries

2017
PREFACE

The purpose of this Development Manual for Swachh Bharat Mission (Urban)[SBM (U)] is to
create an enabling mechanism for improved implementation of the Centrally Sponsored
Scheme (CSS) at the cutting edge, leading to enhanced outcomes in nature and extent.
Accordingly, it is a guide for implementation by the District Collector and key District-
level functionaries, and enables quick learning, implementation modalities, roles and
responsibilities of the various functionaries as well as stakeholders etc.

This Manual is prepared with inputs from a combination of sources, including interaction
with the Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs (MHUA), Government of India (GoI), review
of extant scheme guidelines and circulars issued by MHUA(till 25 August 2017) and
discussions with the key personnel involved in implementation of the Scheme.

For greater direction, the guidelines cited must be referred to along with the SBM (U)
website (http://www.swachhbharaturban.in/sbm/home/) for guidance and clarification
on implementation from time to time.

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 Contents

1. Swachh Bharat Mission (SBM-U) ............................................................... 1

1.1 About the Scheme .......................................................................... 1
1.2 Goal .......................................................................................... 1
1.3 Key components of SBM (U)............................................................... 1
1.4 Implementation Strategy of SBM (U) .................................................... 2
1.5 Key activities and financial assistance .................................................. 2
1.6 ODF Declaration Protocol by ULBs and Certification by MHUA ...................... 8
1.7 Institutional framework ................................................................... 9
1.8 Monitoring & Evaluation ..................................................................10
2. Roles and Responsibilities of key functionaries – District level .......................... 11
2.1 District Level Advisory and Monitoring Committee (DLAMC) ........................11
2.2 Member Secretary- District Level Advisory and Monitoring Committee (DLAMC) 12
2.3 Urban Local Bodies (ULBs) ...............................................................12
Community Engagement ..................................................................12
2.4 Ward Committees/ Area Sabhas/ Resident Welfare Associations/ NGOs/ CSOs .14
Abbreviations .......................................................................................18
Endnotes and References .............................................................................19
 Development Role Manual – Swachh Bharat Mission (Urban)

1. Swachh Bharat Mission (SBM-U)

1.1 About the Scheme

The Government of India (GOI) launched the Swachh Bharat Mission (Urban) [SBM
(U)], with the vision of ensuring hygiene, waste management and sanitation across
the nation, as a tribute to Mahatma Gandhi on his 150th birth anniversary, to be
celebrated in the year 2019. SBM (Urban) is being implemented by the Ministry of
Housing and Urban Affairs (MHUA)1.

Key thrust areas of the mission include,

• Elimination of open defecation

• Eradication of Manual Scavenging by converting insanitary toilets to sanitary
• Modern and Scientific Municipal Solid Waste Management
• Effecting behavioural change regarding healthy sanitation practices
• Awareness generation about sanitation and its linkage with public health
• Capacity Augmentation for Urban Local Bodies (ULBs) to create an enabling
environment for private sector participation

The mission also focuses on improving the levels of cleanliness through Solid Waste2
Management activities.

The mission targets coverage of all statutory towns3.

It is important to note that the Open Defecation Free (ODF) city/ward is the
ultimate outcome envisaged under SBM (U). A city / ward can be notified/ declared
as ODF city/ ODF ward if, at any point of the day, not a single person is found
defecating in the open.

ODF is the termination of faecal-oral transmission, defined by

a. No visible faeces found in the environment/surroundings; and

b. Every household as well as public/community institutions are using Safe
option4 for disposal of faeces.

1.2 Goal

To achieve “Swachh Bharat” by 2019

1.3 Key components of SBM (U)

The Mission has the following key components (Figure 1)

Household Community Solid Waste

Public Toilets
Toilets Toilets Management

Information,
Capacity Building &
Education and
Administrative and
Communication (IEC)
Office expenses
& Public Awareness
Figure 1: Key Components of SBM (U)

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 Development Role Manual – Swachh Bharat Mission (Urban)

1.4 Implementation Strategy of SBM (U)

Key strategic
trategic elements in implementing
implementing SBM (U) are as follows (Figure 2)

Comprehensive Sanitation Planning comprising of

City Level Sanitation Plans, State Sanitation
Concept and State Sanitation Strategy

Behavioral Change Strategy and Information,

Education and Communication (IEC)

Enabling environment for private sector

Capacity Building

Special Focus Groups identified by the States

Figure 2:
2 implementation Strategies of SBM (U)

*State Sanitation Concept comprises of state sanitation profile, institution mechanism for
implementation, component wise action plan along with financial targets.
targets

*Special Focus Groups include Rehabilitation of manual scavengers in urban areas areas, Migrant
accommodation for migrants to have provision for toilets,
toilets Mandating the construction labour to be
provided with access to toilets in all the construction sites,
sites Informal sector workers in waste
management to be integrated with formal sectors in cities and, and Priority to be given to cover
households with vulnerable sections including pensioners, girl
girl children, pregnant and lactating
mothers.

1.5 Key activities and financial assistance

Major activities under each key components of SBM (U) and the corresponding
financial assistance is provided in the Table 1.

1.5.1 Household Toilets

The component under SBM (U) aims to ensure that

a) No households engage in the practice of open defecation,
b) No new insanitary toilets5 are constructed during the mission period and
c) Single pit
it latrines are converted to sanitary latrines/
latrines/ sanitary cleaning

Target group for construction

truction of household units of toilets, thus, is
80% of the urban households engaging in open defecation
All households with insanitary latrines
All households with single-pit
single latrines

Selection of beneficiaries shall be as per the strategy of Urban

U LLocal Bodies (ULBs)
and State specific guidelines need to be followed for the same. Final target
households are decided at the ULB and the State level.

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Technology options for Individual Household Toilets6

(a) Twin pit Toilet/ Leach pit
(b) Septic Tank System with soak pit
(c) Bio-digester toilets (Anaerobic – developed by Defense Research and
Development Organization (DRDO))
(d) Bio- Tank/ Bio Toilet (Aerobic – approved by Department of Science &
Technology)
(e) Any other safe and sanitary toilet

Financial Assistance
States - Unit cost is Rs. 16,000/- to Rs. 20,000/-
States to contribute a minimum of 25% funds (Rs 1,333/- per IHHL) towards individual
toilets to match 75% Central Share (Rs. 4,000/- per IHHL)
UTs – Unit cost is Rs. 5,333/-
For UTs without legislature, Central share will be 100% (Rs 5,333/- per IHHL) and UT
share will be nil.
For UTs with legislature, Central share will be 80% (Rs 4,000/- per IHHL) and UT share
will be 20% (Rs 1,333/- per IHHL).
North East and Himalayan States
For North Eastern and Himalayan States, the Central share will be Rs 10,800/- per
IHHL (90% of Rs 12,000/-), and state share will be Rs 1,200/- per IHHL.

For additional information on the selection of beneficiaries, technology options and

financial assistance, operational guidelines7 may be referred to.

Second installment
50% of the
to be released after
Verification of each incentive to be
completion of
application by ULB released to the
construction and
beneficiary
physical verification

Within 7 days of
receipt

Photos of
Final verification to
construction, along
Monitoring by ULBs be supported by
with the applicant
and States location-based
uploaded to SBM (U)
technologies
MIS

Figure 3: Work flow of activities for Household Toilets under SBM (U)

1.5.2 Community Toilets (CTs)

20% of the urban households engaging in open defecation are likely to use
community toilets due to land and space constraints in constructing individual
toilets. However, the number of CTs are decided by ULBs and States.

For community toilets, beneficiaries shall be defined as groups of households

(“beneficiary household group”) in urban areas whose members practice open
defecation and who do not have access to household toilet, and for whom the

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construction of individual household toilets is not feasible. Beneficiary household

groups under this component of SBM (Urban) shall be identified by the procedure as
designed by the ULB. Beneficiary household groups will be targeted under this
scheme irrespective of whether they live in authorized/unauthorized colonies or
notified / non-notified slums.

Financial Assistance
States - Unit cost is Rs. 98,000 per seat
States will contribute a minimum of 25% share towards community toilet projects to
match 75% of Central Share (Rs 39,200/- per seat) including North East States and
Special Category States
UTs – Unit cost is Rs. 52,267 per seat
For UTs without legislature, Central share will be 100% (Rs 52,267/- per seat)
For UTs with legislature, Central share will be Rs.39,200/- (80%) per seat while UT
share will be Rs 13,067/- (20%) per seat.

Suggested technical specifications, technologies and tentative cost of community

toilets and additional information on financial assistance are available at Annexure
II of SBM (Urban) guidelines8.

1.5.3 Public Toilets

Under this component, all places within the city attracting floating population
should be covered.

Care should be taken to ensure that these facilities have adequate provision for
men, women and facilities for the disabled (e.g. ramp provision, Braille signage,
etc.) wherever necessary. ULBs should ensure that all Public Toilets being
constructed under SBM (Urban) are built in tandem with water supply
arrangements in ULBs.

The Projects will be prepared, sanctioned and implemented by ULBs. In the entire
project approval and procurement process, all provisions and procedures as
prescribed by respective State Governments for ULBs must be followed in their
entirety. The entire approval procedure should end at the ULB level. To this end,
the States are required to empower the ULBs if not already done so. This includes
the delegation of powers to allot land (for this purpose) to ULBs and mechanisms to
leverage this land to make the Public Toilet a viable project.All community and
public toilets under SBM (U) must have a minimum 5 years of maintenance
contract.

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Financial Assistance:

Component Financial Assistance

Public Toilets States - Unit cost is Rs. 98,000/-per seat
States will contribute a minimum of 25% funds of Central Share
towards public toilets projects to match 75% of central share (Rs.
39,200 per seat) including North East States and Special Category
States.
UTs – Unit cost is Rs. 52,267/- per seat
For Uts without legislature, Central share will be 100% (Rs
52,267 per seat). For Uts with legislature, Central share will be
Rs 39,200/- (80%) per seat while UT share will be Rs 13,067-
(20%) per seat.

Financial Assistance

Component Financial Assistance

Urinals States – Unit Cost is Rs. 32,000/- per seat
States will contribute a minimum of 25% funds of central share
towards urinal seat projects to match 75% of Central Share (Rs.
12,800/- per seat) including North Eastern States and Special
Category States.
For UTs without legislature, Central share will be 100% (Rs
17,067 ).
For UTs with legislature, Central share for urinals will be Rs
12,800/- (80%) per seat while UT share will be Rs 4,267/- (20%)
per seat.

Suggested technical specifications, technologies and tentative cost of public toilets

are available at Annexure II of SBM (G) guidelines9.

Case Study on Namma Toilet by Tamilnadu10

Namma Toilet is a Modular Toilet solution that has been designed to eradicate open
defecation, keeping in mind the requirements of Indian sanitary practices. A series of
user studies, interviews and follow up presentations have resulted in a specific set of
requirements based on which Namma Toilet has been designed. It is a total sanitary
solution with a Universal Design. Namma Toilet is made of Composite Fibreglass
Sandwiched material, which has excellent durability and strength. It is designed to
withstand the extreme harsh conditions one can expect outdoors in our country and the
high usage. Namma Toilet can be configured to many different complexes based on the
requirement at the site, as they are modular. One is the basic toilet module. This is
available in 4 options. Male Physically Challenged (EWC), Ladies Physically Challenged
(EWC), Male Regular (IWC) and Ladies Regular (IWC). There is a Urinal Module (2 People
can use at same time), stand-alone modules for Handwash, Partitions for separating
the Women section from the Men’s, End Partitions designed to keep stray animals
away, Overhead Water tank structure and Canopies (Privacy Screens) for the individual
toilet modules. In addition to these, the Solar based lighting module varies according
to the design or size of the toilet complex. In rural areas where power is a problem or
remote areas an additional option is available for having the bore motor run of solar
power. A toilet complex can be designed with a combination of these individual
modules to best fit the requirements of the site selected. In Urban areas where
Underground drainage connections are available, we can connect the waste to these
lines. In areas where this option is not available we can have a septic tank with a bio-
enzyme based treatment system. This helps control the COD/BOD levels and Ecoli in

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the waste. Additionally, in areas which have a very sensitive ecological system, we can
provide a batch waste treatment system which totally controls the waste water let out
and this water can be used for watering nearby trees.

Due to the construction and philosophy behind Namma Toilet, it is suitable for all kinds
of areas from remote locations to Villages, Towns and Cities. The design is modern and
appealing and blends into the local landscape. The most common water source for
Namma Toilet is a bore well sunk near the site. In most cases, this is preferred to
ensure continuous supply of water to the toilets. There are many locations where
existing water sources are available and have been made use of. These modular toilets
are designed with the end user’s requirements in mind. Our effort has been on creating
infrastructure that will be sustainable and the public will use happily, unlike many low
cost toilets which become unusable within few months of deployment. The material
used right from the Booth material, Interior surface finish quality, Ceramic Pans, to
Stainless steel taps, Fittings and handles, modern LED lighting and Solar Power all
enhance the end user appeal. Elements like Polycarbonate roofs for natural light
ventilation and abundant SS louvers for good air ventilation are provided. Flush tanks
are provided in every module and an overhead tank of sufficient capacity (2000 Litres)
is provided. We thereby ensure availability of water at all times in the complex.

The overhead water tank is designed in such a way that there is a room at the bottom
with locking arrangement to house the cleaning material and also doubles as shelter for
the maintenance team during heavy rainfall. The privacy screens are made from
Stainless steel and provide the right level of privacy for the user, while also ensuring
that the complex is not misused by antisocial elements. The whole complex is fixed on
a platform with attractive tiling. When all these extras are added on and calculated,
the per seat cost appears higher but in the end when you take the life cycle costs and
facilities provided as compared to regular toilets, the costs are very much comparable
and also the purpose for which it is built is served, which is of the most importance.
We have had fantastic response from the public and have lots of feedback from end
users on how good the toilets are. In public places like bus stands, more than 200
persons use each toilet per day. In tourist places like Ooty, people from all over India
and even foreigners have given good comments on the quality of the toilets. In
community toilet, we have seen steady increase in the number of people using toilets
from the initial installation. On further investigation, it was found that people from
neighbouring areas are travelling long distances to use this facility. We are constantly
listening and evolving the design to ensure we stay abreast of the latest developments
in materials and production processes and also upgrade the design for more comfort.

1.5.4 Solid Waste Management

Coverage or Target under the component is all Statutory ULBs

ULBs are to prepare bankable Detailed Project Reports (DPRs) for Solid waste
management of their city in consultation with state governments. Smaller cities
can form clusters to become viable entities to attract private investment.

Financial Assistance: Central assistance is upto 35% of the project cost for all
States/ UTs including North Eastern and Special Category States.

For additional information on the component, the SBM (U) operational guidelines11
and the Manual on Municipal Solid Waste Management Systems published by the
MHUA in 201612 may be referred to.

Case Study on Decentralized Waste Management System for Apartment Complexes -

A Public-Private initiative in Cochin13

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Cochin Municipal Corporation (CoC), Kerala Builders Forum, now called Confederation
of Real Estate Developers’ Associations of India (CREDAI), are the main players in this
initiative. To manage the solid waste, the following approach was adopted in high rise
apartments to implement an eco-friendly solid waste management system:

A suitable technology was identified and approved by Clean Kerala Mission,

Government of Kerala and the implementation of this decentralized system of waste
management in few apartment complexes on a trial basis was started in 2007. In
addition, the following activities were undertaken –

 Planning and formulation of strategy and a dedicated team for implementation of

the decentralized system for the high rise apartments.
 Setting up of source segregated door to door collection system of waste in each of
the apartment complexes.
 Establishment of the Bio-Bin system to process the bio-degradable waste to
produce and utilize the compost on site within the apartment complex.
 Establishment of a recycling and plastic shredding unit by Corporation of Cochin
and managed by CREDAI.
 Collection of dry/ recyclable material is sold to generate revenue for the CREDAI
workers.
 Regular skill development and awareness programs through the print and mass
media for the workers and citizens.

Outcome:
 Currently 350 apartment complexes in Kochi are covered under this initiative.
 Decentralized system in apartment complexes led to employment opportunities
foreconomically weaker sections, especially women for operationalizing and
monitoring of theunit.
 Effective monitoring and timely complaint redressal at the time of any failure of
the unit.

Overall Sustainability:
Onsite operation and maintenance of the composting system as well as other
expenditures are being met by the collection of user charges at the rate of Rs. 100-
150/- as well as sale from the recyclables. In order to further strengthen and ensure
sustainability of the system, Local Self Government Department (Govt. of Kerala)
issued an order in 2012 for making it mandatory for the apartments through the
building associations/ firms to manage the waste within the apartment complexes
through different technologies for composting and sale of recyclable material.

1.5.5 Information, Education and Communication (IEC) activities and Public

Awareness

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 Development Role Manual – Swachh Bharat Mission (Urban)

A key strategy under SBM (Urban) is behaviour change communication to ensure

that sanitation as an issue is mainstreamed with the general public at large and
should cover issues of open defecation, prevention of manual scavenging, hygiene
practices, proper use and maintenance of toilet facilities (household, community or
otherwise), etc., and its related health and environmental consequences.

Target is general public at large covering issues such as open defecation,

prevention of manual scavenging, hygiene practices, proper use and maintenance
of toilet facilities and its related health and environmental consequences.

Financial Assistance: A total of 15% of the total central allocation will be

earmarked for this component. Of this, 12% will be earmarked for States to
undertake massive public awareness campaigns on sanitation and establishing its
link to public health, hygiene and the environment through various means including
- radio, social media, documentaries, plays, workshops, etc. The remaining 3% will
be earmarked for the MHUA to draw a national media campaign and developing
standard campaign tools for effective awareness and communication on sanitation.

Detailed IEC material available on SBM (Urban) website

http://www.swachhbharaturban.in:8080/SBMDrive/drive/folders may be useful to
the ULBs to undertake IEC activities.

1.5.6 Capacity Building and Administrative & Office Expenses

3% of the total Central Government allocation under the mission will be earmarked
for capacity building, administrative and office expenses of States and ULBs.

States shall propose extensive capacity building activities to be implemented in a

mission-mode manner, enabling the progressive achievement of objectives of SBM
(Urban) in a time-bound manner. These will be specified in the comprehensive
annual action plan prepared by each state. This will be approved by State High
Power Committee (SHPC)
after sharing and considering suggestions from MHUA. At least 50% of this fund, in
each annual plan, as approved by State HPC, must go to the ULBs for activities at
the ULB level.

States and ULBs identify relevant officials (both senior level officials and field-level
functionaries) for training and draw up a calendar of training for them. It will be
the responsibility of the State Mission Director to ensure that identified officials
undergo adequate capacity building / training to ensure the success of SBM (Urban)
in the state. Additionally, states also identify relevant officials /persons capable of
spreading the training on sanitation under SBM (Urban) as “master trainers” who
can attend central government training on SBM (Urban) and then organize
subsequent training to diffuse the message of SBM (Urban) in the states.

All ULB staff will be required to mandatorily register for and complete with
certification the e-learning training modules that have been compiled on the e-
courses portal.

1.6 ODF Declaration Protocol by ULBs and Certification by MHUA

A city may be notified as ODF city/ward, if at any point of the day, not a single
person is found defecating in open.

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Pre-conditions for ODF Declaration of the City

1. All households that have space to construct toilet have constructed one
2. All occupants of the households who do not have space to construct toilet
have access to community toilets with in distance of 500 mts
3. All commercial areas have public toilets within a distance of 1 km
4. Details of all Individual House-hold toilets (IHHL) constructed from 2011
onwards will have to mandatorily be uploaded on the SBM-Urban portal
5. Pictures of all functional community and public toilets in the city,
irrespective of the date of construction, will have to mandatorily be
uploaded on the SBM-Urban portal.

All necessary pre ULB to pass

Public
conditions as Declaration to be preliminary
announcement on
listed above to be obtained from all resolution
the same to be
fulfilled by the wards of the city declaring the
made
city/ward city, ODF

Third party Final resolution

ODF certification
assessment by to be adopted by
by MHUA after Public objection
agencies/ ULB and
verifying third or feedback to be
individuals communicated to
party assessment obtained
appointed by the State and
reports
MHUA MHUA
Within 15 days of
Within 30 days
announcement

Figure 4: Protocol for ODF Declaration

*Declarations by Wards also must constitute sub-declarations by schools and self-help groups14

For initial ODF certification, the Service Level Status (Preliminary data on select
indicators) and independent observations would be made by the Third Party
Assessors. Once the certificate is issued by MHUA, the certificate is valid for a
period of six months and for recertification, the cities have to communicate a
request to MHUA and third party assessment would be conducted for re-
certification too. For re-assessment, only independent observations are required.

1.7 Institutional framework

National Advisory and Review Committee (NARC) headed by the Secretary, MHUA is
responsible for overall monitoring and supervision of SBM (U) at the National level.
SBM (U) National Mission Directorate headed by an officer not less than the rank of
a Joint Secretary (JS) to the Government of India will be overall in-charge for
implementation. The Directorate is duly supported by a Project Management Unit
(PMU).

State High Powered Committee (SHPC) under the chairpersonship of the State’s
Chief Secretary, and with members drawn from concerned departments (including
a MoHUA representative) shall be responsible for the management of SBM (Urban)
at the State / UT level. State Mission Directorate (SMD) of SBM (U) would be the
implementation agency at the State level, headed by the Member Secretary of

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SHPC. The SMD will create / notify a uniform structure across the state for the
planning, designing, project preparation, appraisal, sanction and implementation
of sanctioned projects under the mission at the ULB level.

At the district level, District Level Review and Monitoring Committee (DLRMC) has
been constituted to monitor the SBM (U) activities. The guidelines issued for by
MoHUA dated 24 June 2016 on functioning of District Level Advisory and Monitoring
DLAMC) shall be applicable for implementation of SBM (U)15.
Committee (DLAMC)
National Level
•National
National Advisory and Review Commitee (NARC)
•SBM
SBM (U) National Mission Directorate
•Project
Project Management Unit (PMU)

State Level
•State
State High Powered Committee (SHPC)
•SBM
SBM (U) State Mission Directorate
•Project
Project Management Unit at the State Level

District Level
• Member of Parliament (MP)
• District Collector
• Designated Urban Local Bodies (ULBs)

Figure 5: Institutional Framework – SBM (U)

1.8 Monitoring & Evaluation

States need to submit Monthly Progress Report (MPRs) and Quarterly Progress
Reports (QPRs) to the National Mission Directorate in the prescribed formats.
Continuous monitoring of the progress of SBM (U) is critical to keep a check on the
achievements of the mission.

Progress of implementation to be regularly updated by ULBs.

***

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2. Roles and Responsibilities of key functionaries – District level

At the district level, major stakeholders engaged in implementation of SBM (U) include the
following (Figure 6)

Chair, District Level Advisory and Monitoring Committee (DLAMC)

Member Secretary, DLAMC - District Collector/ District Magistrate / Deputy

Commissioner

Urban Local Bodies (ULBs)

Non Government
Resident Welfare
Ward Organizations (NGOs)
Area Sabhas Associations
Committees and Civil Society
(RWAs)
Organizations (CSOs)

Figure 6: Key district functionaries in implementing SBM (U)

2.1 District Level Advisory and Monitoring Committee (DLAMC)

DLAMC shall oversee the implementation of SBM (U), ensure that the beneficiaries are
properly selected, manual scavenging is eliminated and scientific disposal of solid and
liquid waste is done. Major role is to see that the objective of Open Defecation Free (ODF)
cities is achieved and sustained.

Table 1: Composition of DLAMC

Chairperson  Nominated by the State Government (Senior most elected
representative of the district, representing the maximum
geographical area)
Co -  All Elected Members of Parliament (Lok Sabha) of the District
Chairperson having full or part of one or more of an Urban local Body (ULB) of
(Lok Sabha) the district falling in their constituency, to be designated as Co-
Chairperson
Co –  Each Member of Parliament (Rajya Sabha) representing the State
Chairperson may exercise the option to be associated with anyone District Level
(Rajya Sabha) Advisory and Monitoring Committees (DLAMC) of choice as Co-
Chairperson
Member –  District Collector/ District Magistrate/ Deputy Commissioner
Secretary  In case of metropolitan cities, the Municipal Commissioner shall be
the Member Secretary

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2.2 Member Secretary- District Level Advisory and Monitoring

Committee (DLAMC)

Table 2: Roles & Responsibilities of Member Secretary – DLAMC

(District Collector/ District Magistrate/ Deputy Commissioner)
Role Responsibilities
 Facilitate demand assessment and house – to – house surveys at the
Planning district level
 Ensure ULBs prepare City Level Sanitation Plans/ Swachh Bharat City
Plans16 for approval by States
 Facilitate coordination amongst various agencies
Implementation
 Promote inter-sectoral convergence of resources
 Promote citizen engagement and participation
 Oversee and monitor the progress of implementation of SBM (U) at
the district level
 Convene DLAMC meetings, once in three months
 Review improvements in service level indicators of each ULB of the
Monitoring district
 Review implementation of SBM(U) from the perspective of e-
Governance and ease of doing business
 Obtain district login from the SBM (U) portal;
http://swachhbharaturban.gov.in/ and update the details of review
meetings of DLAMC

2.3 Urban Local Bodies (ULBs)

Table 3: Roles & Responsibilities of Urban Local Bodies (Municipal Corporation/

Municipality / Notified Area Council or City Council)
(Municipal Commissioner/ Director/ Executive Officer/ Designated Nodal Officer)

Role Responsibilities
 Conduct house – to – house survey for demand assessment for
Household toilets
 Carry out demand assessment for community toilets, public toilets
and urinals
 Undertake Baseline analysis and Service Level Gap Analysis in
Planning/
Sewerage / Septage management as prescribed by the State
Preparatory
Activities  Prepare bankable Detailed Project Reports (DPRs) for solid waste
management of their city in consultation with the State and form
cluster of cities for small cities
 Prepare City Level Sanitation Plans (Swachh Bharat City Plan) under
Comprehensive Sanitation Planning for approval by State
 Develop Faecal Sludge and Septage Management (FSSM)17Plan at the
ULB level according to FSSM National Policy, 2017
 Foster linkages with frontline workers such as Mahila Arogya Samithi
(MAS) members, ASHA Workers and community mobilizers appointed
by ULBs
 Create learning sites and train SHGs and Women forums on
Community
community engagement for SBM (U)
Engagement18
 Appoint master trainers to train communities in waste segregation,
both at households and collection sites.
 Constitute a Community Management Committee (CMC) for
community engagement activities

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Component 1 - Household Toilets

 Create awareness and motivate beneficiaries for construction of
household toilets
 Accept applications and undertakings from beneficiaries. Online
applications may be accepted via the portal,
http://swachhbharaturban.gov.in/ihhl/
 Verify applications and approve within 7 days of receipt of
applications
 Ensure that the beneficiary households have functional water
connections
 Promote usage of household toilets through IEC campaigns and
behaviour change communication activities
Component 2 - Community Toilets
 Ensure that all community toilets being constructed under SBM (U)
are built in tandem with water supply arrangements
 Identify suitable piece of land adjoining houses/dwelling
 Involve Non Government Organizations (NGOs) and Civil Society
Organizations (CSOs) in construction and maintenance, wherever
possible
Component 3 - Public Toilets and Urinals
 Ensure that every public place (banks, post offices, bus stops, petrol
pumps, metro stations, hospitals, restaurants, schools, health
centres, anganwadis, citizen centres) has access to public toilet(s)
 Ensure that the facility is functional and kept open for public use
Implementation  Identify land for public toilets
 Encourage the private sector to construct and manage public toilets
through a PPP agreement
 Put up mobile toilets wherever required
Component 4- Solid Waste Management (SWM)
 Attract private investments and promote PPP in Solid Waste
Management
 Dovetail Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) for SWM. For
additional information Swachhata Augmentation through Corporate
helping hands available at https://swachh.org.in/ may be referred
to.
Component 5 – Information, Education and Communication Activities
(IEC)
 Undertake IEC activities and behaviour change campaigns at the
grass-root level as per the instructions from the State Mission
Generic activities
 Promote direct transfer of funds to the beneficiary accounts in a
timely and hassle-free manner
 Obtain active participation of ward committees, area sabhas,
resident welfare associations, NGOs and CSOs
 Update wards master list in SBM (U) portal
 Develop training programmes for masons to build requisite skills in
construction of quality septic tanks as per BIS / NBC norms
 Focus on revenue streams that can support Operations and
Maintenance costs of Community Toilets / Public Toilets
 Undertake physical verification after construction of Household
toilets, for release of second installment of grant in aid to the
beneficiaries (Household Toilets)
Monitoring
 Ensure that the construction complies with the technical standards
 Support third party assessment for ODF certification
 Enact the services of Swachhata app to facilitate redressal of
cleanliness related grievances of Citizens

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 Development Role Manual – Swachh Bharat Mission (Urban)

 Monitor the uploading of geo-tagged photographs of sites onto SBM

(U) portal
 Ensure that the wards enter details and load geo tagged photos of
Planned/ Completed Public & Community Toilet Blocks. They can
also use mobile app that can be downloaded at
http://mSBMUrban.gov.in
 Follow ODF protocol provided in Annexure V of the guidelines for self
declaration, certification and recertification of ODF status
 Hold quarterly meetings with stakeholders including Ward
committees, Self-Help Groups, Area Sabhas, RWAs, etc.
 Prepare and provide data/ documents required as per Swachh
Survekshan19
 Provide database of phone numbers for citizen feedback under
Swachh Survekshan

2.4 Ward Committees/ Area Sabhas/ Resident Welfare Associations/

NGOs/ CSOs

Ward Committees have an important role to play in realizing the goal of SBM (U). A ward
level ODF plan is essential for effective monitoring of outputs. Following roles highlighted
by a recent publication by MHUA and USAID, “A Ward -by-Ward Approach to Eliminating
Open Defecation: Experience from Visakhapatnam20” may help in achieving the objectives
of SBM (U). Major roles of ward committees identified are,
 To identify OD hotspots by sanitation mapping
 Formation of ward level ODF Coordination Committees
 Preparation of ward level ODF plan
 Surveillance of OD hotspots
 Self Declaration of ODF wards and Sub Declarations by Schools and SHGs as
prescribed in the SBM (U) Operational Guideline
Primary responsibility of other stakeholders including Area Sabhas, Resident Welfare
Associations, NGOs and CSOs is to create awareness and execute behaviour change
communication campaigns at the grass roots for successful implementation of SBM (G)

***

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 Development Role Manual – Swachh Bharat Mission (Urban)

Suggested Monthly Progress Monitoring Formats for ULBs - SBM (U)

(a) Status of Toilet Infrastructure in the ULB

Total No. of Households (Census 2011)

Total No. of Households (2016)
Total No. of Households having Toilets (before 02.10.2014)
Total No. of In-Sanitary Toilets (before 02.10.2014)
Whether Under Ground Drainage system is available? (Y/N)
If Yes, No. of toilets connected to Under Ground Drainage system
No. of Slum households dependent on Community / Public Toilet
(before 02.10.2014)
No. of Slum households resorting for Open defecation (before
02.10.2014)
No. of Non-Slum households resorting for Open Defecation (before
02.10.2014)

(b) Status of Construction of IHHL Toilets as on date

Total No. ofIHHLs Applications Received (as on date):

No. of Applications for IHHLs Approved:
No. of Applications for IHHLs Rejected: brief the Reasons
Total No. of toilets Stage I Completed (basement level)
Total No. of toilets Stage-II Completed
Balance (yet to be grounded) IHHLs to be taken to Stage-1 (in numbers)
Stage I IHHLs to be taken to Stage -II (in numbers)
Phase - 1
No. of Approved applications Phase – 2
Phase - 3
Total No. of Applications categorized
Total No. of Applications yet to be categorized

(c) Status of conversion from Insanitary to Sanitary Household Toilets

Total No. of Insanitary toilet conversion Applications Received:

No. of Insanitary for IHHLs Approved:
No. of Applications Insanitary Rejected:
Total No. of toilets Completed (in numbers)
Balance to be Completed (in numbers)
Phase - 1
No. of Approved Insanitary toilet conversion applications
Phase – 2
categorized into Category
Phase - 3
Total No. of Insanitary Applications categorized
Total No. of Insanitary Applications yet to be categorized

(d) Existing status and proposed community toilets in the ULB as on date

No. of Seats No. of Urinals

Location Remarks
Men Women Men Women

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 Development Role Manual – Swachh Bharat Mission (Urban)

Existing

Under
Progress

Proposed – New

Proposed –
Renovation

(e) Existing status and proposed public toilets in the ULB as on date

No. of Seats No. of Urinals

Location Remarks
Men Women Men Women
Existing

Under
Progress

Proposed- New

Proposed-
Renovation

(f) Status of Sanitation in Institutions and Commercial areas

Name of No.of No. of Total No. of No. of Remarks

Institution Toilets Toilets no of Function Toilets
seats seats Toilet al Toilets need to be
existing existing for seats seats repair/
for Men Women constructe
d
Govt Schools
Hospitals
Markets
Hostels
Graveyards
etc,

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 Development Role Manual – Swachh Bharat Mission (Urban)

(g) Mapping of Sanitation hot-spots in the town21

Location Ward no Residential Commercial Institutional

*Progress of implementation to be regularly updated by ULBs on SBM (U) portal accessible at

http://swachhbharaturban.gov.in/ULB_LOGIN.aspx?id=7cda9f71125dade355b42c30afe11abf

17
 Abbreviations

AS Area Sabha
CSO Civil Society Organizations
CSR Corporate Social Responsibility
CT Community Toilets
DC District Collector
DLAMC District Level Advisory and Management Committee
DLRMC District Level Review and Monitoring Committee
DM District Magistrate
DRDO Defence Research and Development Organization
DPR Detailed Project Report
DST Department of Science and Technology
GOI Government of India
IEC Information, Education and Communication
IHHL Individual House Hold Latrine
MHUA Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs
MSWM Municipal Solid Waste Management
NARC National Advisory and Review Committee
NGO Non Government Organization
OD Open Defecation
ODF Open Defecation Free
PMU Project Management Unit
SBM (U) Swachh Bharat Mission (Urban)
SHPC State High Powered Committee
SWM Solid Waste Management
RWA Resident Welfare Association
ULB Urban Local Body
UT Union Territory
WC Ward Committees

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 Development Role Manual – Swachh Bharat Mission (Urban)

Endnotes and References

1
Extant operational guidelines of SBM (U) effective August 1, 2017 available at
http://www.swachhbharaturban.in:8080/sbm/content/writereaddata/SBM_Guideline.pdf
2
Solid waste can also be defined as the organic and inorganic waste materials produced by
households, commercial & industrial establishments that have no economic value to the owner.
Further, as per biodegradability, solid waste can be classified as “biodegradable” and “non-
biodegradable” waste
3
Statutory towns are urban areas defined by administrative units that have been defined by
‘statute’ as urban such as municipal corporations, municipalities, cantonment boards, notified
town area committees, town panchayats, or nagarpalikas
4
Safe technology option means no contamination of surface soil, ground water or surface water;
excreta inaccessible to flies or animals; no handling of fresh excreta; and freedom from odour
and unsightly condition
5
Insanitary latrine means a latrine which requires human excreta to be cleaned or otherwise
handled manually, either in situ, or in an open drain or pit into which the excreta is discharged
or flushed out, before the excreta fully decomposes.Construction of “insanitary latrines” as
defined in “The prohibitions of Employment as Manual Scavenger and Rehabilitation Act, 2013”
at Para 2. (1) (e) is not permitted in the rural areas. The existing “insanitary latrines” if any,
should be converted to sanitary latrines and the sharing pattern for incentive for the targeted
beneficiaries shall be identical to that of construction of individual house hold latrines.
6
Types of Toilets and Definitions :
 Flush / pour flush Toilet connected to piped sewer system: If a pour flush Toilet is
connected to a system of sewer pipes that collect both human excreta and waste water and
removed them from the household environment.
 Flush / pour flush Toilet connected septic tank: If a pour flush Toilet is connected to a
septic tank that collects both human excreta and wastewater and removes them from the
household environment.
 Flush / pour flush Toilet connected other system: If the pour or pour-flush Toilet is
connected to any system other than a piped sewer system or septic tank e.g. excreta and
waste water gets flushed into the street, yard / plot, drainage ditch or any other location.
 Pit Toilets*: defecation into pits dug into the ground for reception of night soil directly
without flushing.
o Pit Toilet with slab: A pit Toilet with a squatting slab or platform or set firmly
Supported on all sides, and raised above the surrounding ground level to prevent
surface water from entering the pit, and easy to clean.
o Pit Toilet with ventilated improved pit: Pit Toilets with slabs that are ventilated by
a pipe extending above the Toilet roof and the open end of the vent pipe is covered
with mesh or fly-proof net.
o Pit Toilet without slab / open pit: Pit Toilets without a squatting slab or platform or
seat*Census 2011 does not distinguish between single pit and twin pit Toilets.
However, for SBM single pit Toilets will be considered insanitary and shall be
converted.
 Night soil disposed into open drain: Where a Toilet facility may exist, but the excreta and
waste water is disposed directly into an open drain.
 Service Toilet: where human excreta is collected in a bucket, or other container, or even
allowed to collect in the open
o With night soil removed by humans: where the human excreta is removed physically
by human beings.
o With night soil serviced by animals: where the human excreta isremoved physically
by animals
 No. Toilet within premises – public Toilet: Households have no Toilets within the premises
of the dwelling unit and use an available public Toilet
 No. Toilet within premises – open: Households have no Toilet within the premises of the
dwelling unit and defecate in the open in areas
7
Section 4 of Reference 1
8
Section 5 of Reference 1

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 Development Role Manual – Swachh Bharat Mission (Urban)

9
Section 6 of Reference 1
10
Source : Presentation on Namma Toilet accessible at
http://swachhbharaturban.gov.in/writereaddata/NAMMA_TOILET_PPT.pdf
11
Section 7 of Reference 1
12
For additional information on Solid Waste Management Systems, SBM (Urban) manual available at
http://moud.gov.in/publication/manual-on-solid-waste-management-systems-cpheeo-2000.php
may be referred to
13
Source : http://www.urbansanitation.org/live/hrdpmp/hrdpmaster/hrdp-
asem/content/e30293/e31169/e49836/e49818/e49819/1.KochiDraftCSP-VolumeI-Main.pdf and
http://swachhbharaturban.gov.in/writereaddata/Decentralized_waste_managementCochin.pdf
14
Sub Declarations : (1) Every School in a ward provides self declaration that all students enrolled
in it have access to, and are routinely using toilets at home and at school. (2) Every Self- Help
Group in a ward gives a declaration that all residents of the ward have access to, and are
routinely using toilets at home. Additional information on ODF declaration protocol and formats
are available in Annexure V of Reference 1.
15
Constitution and functioning of SBM (U) is accessible at
http://moud.gov.in/upload/uploadfiles/files/Guidelines_DistrictLevel03.pdf
16
Format for Swachh Bharat City Plan available at
http://www.swachhbharaturban.in:8080/sbm/content/writereaddata/Template_for_Swachh_B
harat_City_Plan.pdf
17
National Policy on Faecal Sludge and Septage Management, 2017 is available at
http://www.swachhbharaturban.in:8080/sbm/content/writereaddata/FSSM%20Policy%20Report
_23%20Feb_Artwork.pdf
18
Community engagement guidelines are available at
http://www.swachhbharaturban.in/sbm/home/lib/content/Community%20Engagement%20Guid
elines.pdf
19
Swachh Survekshan – Survey conducted to rank cities on various sanitation and cleanliness
parameters. The survey is conducted every year.
20
Report available at https://www.issuelab.org/resources/27268/27268.pdf
21
Residential Hotspots- Areas where more number of households are resorting for open defecation

Commercial Hotspots- Areas where most of floating population and workers in commercial
establishments openly urinate or defecate due to non- availability of toilets or public toilets or
poor awareness. The areas include commercial localities, passage of buildings, bus alighting
points and near railway stations etc.

Institutional Hotspots – Areas where the institutional lands are used by the citizens to defecate
or urinate in open such as open areas in Govt Hospitals, Agriculture market yards, RTC bus
stands, railway tracks, Govt lands etc.

20