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Chapter 4
47
48 HVAC Fundamentals
Brooklyn, New York, was the place, and 1902 was the year
the first truly successful air conditioning system for room tem-
perature and humidity control was placed into operation. But first
it took the engineering innovations of Willis Carrier to advance
the basic principles of cooling and humidity control and design
the system. Cooling air had already been done successfully but it
was only part of the air conditioning problem. The other part was
how to regulate space humidity. Carrier recognized that drying
the air could be accomplished by saturating it with chilled water
to induce condensation. In 1902, Carrier built the first air condi-
tioner to combat both temperature and humidity. The air condi-
tioning unit was installed in a printing company and chilled coils
were used in the machine to cool the air and lower the relative
humidity to 55%. Four years later, in 1906, Carrier was granted a
patent for his air conditioner the “Apparatus for Treating Air.”
However, Willis Carrier did not invent the very first system to
cool an interior structure nor interestingly, did he come up with
the term “air conditioning.” It was Stuart Cramer, a textile engi-
neer, who coined the term “air conditioning.” Mr. Cramer used
“air conditioning” in a 1906 patent for a device that added water
vapor to the air.
In 1911, Mr. Carrier, who is called the “father of air condi-
tioning,” presented his “Rational Psychrometric Formulae” to the
American Society of Mechanical Engineers. Today, the formula is
the basis in all fundamental psychometric calculations for the air
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