Literature Review

Literature Review
Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) is a condition characterized by difficulties regulating
emotion. This means that people who experience BPD feel emotions intensely and for extended
periods of time, and it is harder for them to return to a stable baseline after an emotionally
triggering event. People with BPD experience wide mood swings and can feel a great sense of
instability and insecurity. BPD can be treated by psychiatrists and psychologists. It is sometimes
also treated by GPs, nurses, social workers, and occupational therapists with special training. For
those mental health professionals who do treat BPD, they often do so without the proper training,
making sessions frustrating and uncomfortable for everyone. Patients may leave feeling
misunderstood and judged, while providers may feel ineffective and inadequate. Stigma is often
an issue that those with mental illnesses must deal with, which makes getting effective treatment
more difficult. If you have an illness like borderline personality disorder (BPD), that means you
must handle the symptoms of your disease while also dealing with the preconceptions of others.
The term “borderline” was coined by Adolf Stern, a psychoanalyst, in 1938. It was used
when referring to a group of patients whose conditions did not improve with therapy and who
showed a defensive mechanism when any changes were perceived in their environment or within
themselves. The term was later expanded in the 1960s and used in empirical studies conducted
by scientists. People who suffer from borderline personality disorder (BPD) experience things
such as varying patterns of moods, behavior, and self-image. These shifts in emotions can lead to
impulsivity, intense mood swings with episodes of anger, anxiety, and depression. These shifts in
mood could last for a few hours to days.
According to research from World Psychiatry, surveys have shown that because of these
depictions of these diseases, people's mindsets have been changed in a negative way. Of the
major mental illnesses, individuals like you with borderline personality disorder (BPD) are
perhaps among the most stigmatized. Even among healthcare professionals, BPD is frequently
misunderstood. Individuals experiencing BPD are also frequently labeled as “treatment resistant”
and dropped as patients. But when this happens, it reinforces the common misconception that
reaching out for help is hopeless. It can also intensify symptoms that caused an individual to seek
help in the first place—particularly for those living with Borderline Personality Disorder.
Throughout the research field for BPD, there have been many ideas for how to lesson the stigma
behind this illness.
Due to the stigma behind BPD, there have been many misdiagnosis’ when it comes to this
illness. Medical professionals can mistake this disorder for bipolar disorder or major depressive
disorder because of their own lack of understanding. Treatments for every illness are vastly
different from one another, so the inaccurate diagnosis could harm a patient’s well-being.
Because you typically only need to present 5 symptoms of BPD to be diagnosed, it can be an
overly broad diagnosis which includes a lot of different people with quite different experiences.
This disorder has also been misdiagnosed as schizophrenia. Research has shown that borderline
personality disorder was an internally coherent syndrome with a prognosis that was not similar to
schizophrenia or major depression. It has also shown that a prevalence of these two disorders in
immediate families did not increase the likelihood of developing BPD.
The diagnosis of a personality disorder can be very controversial. These diagnosis can be
controversial because some professionals don’t know how to take someone’s social conditions
into account, the term itself holds a negative connotation in peoples minds, and specialists
haven’t found common ground on the understanding of personality disorders. First, the way
people view a diagnosis could be two different ways. Some people find a diagnosis a comfort in
a way, helping them to understand themselves and explain themselves to other people. This
could aid them in treatment and support as well. The other way is that people can view their
feelings and actions as reasonable emotions that humans experience in their hardships. Some
argue that professionals should not try finding the problem within them as an individual but
focus more on their external lives and help with the problems coming from that.
Works Cited
Hancock, Cameron. “The Stigma Associated with Borderline Personality Disorder.” NAMI,
2017, www.nami.org/Blogs/NAMI-Blog/June-2017/The-Stigma-Associated-with-Borderline-
Personality.
Kristalyn Salters-Pedneault, PhD. “How the Stigma of BPD Can Lead to a Misdiagnosis and
Wrong Treatment.” Verywell Mind, 6 Oct. 2019, www.verywellmind.com/stigma-a-definition-
of-stigma-425329.
“Borderline Personality Disorder.” NAMI, www.nami.org/About-Mental-Illness/Mental-Health-

Conditions/Borderline-Personality-Disorder.
“Who Can Help with Borderline Personality Disorder?” RANZCP,

www.yourhealthinmind.org/mental-illnesses-disorders/bpd/who-can-help.

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Literature Review

Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) is a condition characterized by difficulties regulating

mood could last for a few hours to days.

behind this illness.

immediate families did not increase the likelihood of developing BPD.

“Borderline Personality Disorder.” NAMI, www.nami.org/About-Mental-Illness/Mental-Health-

“Who Can Help with Borderline Personality Disorder?” RANZCP,

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