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    Binomial Theorem and Its Applications: Dr. Tarkeshwar Singh

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    Parekh Prashil Bhaveshbhai
    The document discusses the binomial theorem and its applications. It defines the binomial theorem and multinomial theorem, provides examples of their use, and lists some important identities related to binomial coefficients. Applications of the theorems include finding specific terms in expansions of binomials and multinomials.

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    Binomial Theorem and Its Applications: Dr. Tarkeshwar Singh

    Uploaded by

    Parekh Prashil Bhaveshbhai
    69 views8 pages
    The document discusses the binomial theorem and its applications. It defines the binomial theorem and multinomial theorem, provides examples of their use, and lists some important identities related to binomial coefficients. Applications of the theorems include finding specific terms in expansions of binomials and multinomials.

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    DM_Binomial_Theorem

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    The document discusses the binomial theorem and its applications. It defines the binomial theorem and multinomial theorem, provides examples of their use, and lists some important identities related to binomial coefficients. Applications of the theorems include finding specific terms in expansions of binomials and multinomials.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    69 views8 pages

    Binomial Theorem and Its Applications: Dr. Tarkeshwar Singh

    Uploaded by

    Parekh Prashil Bhaveshbhai
    The document discusses the binomial theorem and its applications. It defines the binomial theorem and multinomial theorem, provides examples of their use, and lists some important identities related to binomial coefficients. Applications of the theorems include finding specific terms in expansions of binomials and multinomials.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    Binomial Theorem and its Applications

    Dr. Tarkeshwar Singh


    Department of Mathematics
    October 12, 2020
    BT

    Outline

    Binomial Theorem
    Multinomial Theorem
    Some Identities
    Applications

    Dr. Tarkeshwar Singh Binomial Theorem and its Applications


    BT

    Binomial Multinomial Theorem


    A monomial in elementary algebra is usually taken to the
    product of a constant and a finite number of variables.
    A multinomial(polynomial) is the sum of a finite number of
    monomials.
    Theorem
    The Satndard Binomial Theorem Let n be any non-negative
    integer. Then
    n  
    n
    X n k
    (1 + x) = x .
    k
    k=0

    Dr. Tarkeshwar Singh Binomial Theorem and its Applications


    BT

    Binomial Theorem
    There are n+2−1 = n + 1 terms in the expansion of (1 + x)n .
    
    2−1
    Now we are interested in the expansion of
    (x1 + x2 + · · · + xk )n .

    Dr. Tarkeshwar Singh Binomial Theorem and its Applications


    BT

    Multinomial Theorem
    Theorem
    Let n be any non-negative integer. Then
     
    X n
    n
    (x1 +x2 +· · ·+xk ) = x1n1 x2n2 . . . xknk .
    n +n +···+n =n
    n1 , n2 , . . . , nk
    1 2 k

    Dr. Tarkeshwar Singh Binomial Theorem and its Applications


    BT

    Note
    If n = 2 then the multinomial theorem becomes a binominal
    theorem:

    X  n  n n Xn
    n
    (x1 + x2 ) = 1 2
    x1 x2 = x1k .x2n−k .
    n1 , n2
    n+1+n2 k=0
    n
    Pn n k n−k
    
    It is often written as (x + y ) = k=0 k x y .
    n+k−1
    
    There are k−1 terms in the expansion of
    (x1 + x2 + · · · + xk )n
    .

    Dr. Tarkeshwar Singh Binomial Theorem and its Applications


    BT

    Illustrations
    Pn n
    2k .
    
    Find the value of k=0 k

    Pn n
    rk.
    
    Find the value of k=0 k

    Pn k n 3n−k .
    
    Find the value of k=0 (−1) k

    Dr. Tarkeshwar Singh Binomial Theorem and its Applications


    BT

    Some Important Identities


    n n n n
    = 2n .
       
    0 + 1 + 3 + ··· + n

    n n−1 n−1
      
    k = k−1 + k . Pascal’s Identity.

    n
    = k n.
    P 
    For any n, k ∈ N , n1 +n2 +···+nk =n n1 ,n2 ,...,nk

    n n−1
     
    k k =n k−1 .

    n n−3 n−1 n−2 n−3


        
    k − k = k−1 + k−1 + k−1 .

    n n n n
       
    k +3 k−1 +3 k−2 + k−3 .
    Pn m1
     m2
     m1 +m2
    
    k=0 k n−k = n .

    Dr. Tarkeshwar Singh Binomial Theorem and its Applications

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