GI/GU Practice Test Questions

1. The client underwent a transurethral resection of the prostate gland 24 hours ago and is on
continuous bladder irrigation. The nurse is aware that the following nursing interventions is
appropriate?

A Tell the client to try to urinate around the catheter to remove blood clots

B Restrict fluids to prevent the client’s bladder from becoming distended

C Prepare to remove the catheter

D Use aseptic technique when irrigating the catheter

2. After undergoing transurethral resection of the prostate to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia, a male
client returns to the room with continuous bladder irrigation. On the first day after surgery, the client
reports bladder pain. What should the nurse do first?

A Increase the I.V. flow rate

B Notify the physician immediately

C Assess the irrigation catheter for patency and drainage

D
Administer morphine sulfate as prescribed

3. The nurse is reviewing the report of a patient’s routine urinalysis. Which value should the nurse
consider abnormal?

A Specific gravity of 1.03

B Urine pH of 3.0

C Absence of protein

D Absence of glucose

4. A patient diagnosed with ulcerative colitis is admitted to the medical unit. When assessing the patient,
which of these findings would be of the most concern?
A. Borborygmi

B. Oral temperature of 99.0 F (37.2 C)

C. Bloody diarrhea

D. Rebound tenderness

D is correct

5. The nurse is providing post procedure care for a client who underwent percutaneous lithotripsy. In
this procedure, an ultrasonic probe inserted through a nephrostomy tube into the renal pelvis generates
ultra–high-frequency sound waves to shatter renal calculi. The nurse should instruct the client to:

A limit oral fluid intake for 1 to 2 weeks.

B report the presence of fine, sand-like particles through the nephrostomy tube.

C notify the physician about cloudy or foul-smelling urine.

D report bright pink urine within 24 hours after the procedure

6. A patient is frustrated and embarrassed by urinary incontinence. Which of the following measures
should the nurse include in a bladder retraining program?

A Establishing a predetermined fluid intake pattern for the client

B Encouraging the client to increase the time between voiding

C Restricting fluid intake to reduce the need to void

D Assessing present elimination patterns

7. A male client with bladder cancer has had the bladder removed and an ileal conduit created for urine
diversion. While changing this client’s pouch, the nurse observes that the area around the stoma is red,
weeping, and painful. What should the nurse conclude?

A The skin wasn’t lubricated before the pouch was applied

C A skin barrier was applied properly

D Stoma dilation wasn’t performed

8. A female with a urinary tract infection is prescribed co-trimoxazole (trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole).

A “Take the medication with food.”

B “Drink at least eight 8-oz glasses of fluid daily.”

C “Avoid taking antacids during co-trimoxazole therapy.”

D “Don’t be afraid to go out in the sun.

9. Which of the following is an appropriate nursing diagnosis for a patient with renal calculi?

A Ineffective tissue perfusion

B Functional urinary incontinence

C Risk for infection

D Decreased cardiac output

10. Which of the following nursing interventions should the nurse perform for a female client receiving
enteral feedings through a gastrostomy tube?

A Change the tube feeding solutions and tubing at least every 24 hours.

B Maintain the head of the bed at a 15-degree elevation continuously.

C Check the gastrostomy tube for position every 2 days.

D Maintain the client on bed rest during the feedings.

11. The nurse should provide which discharge instruction to prevent gastroesophageal reflux in a male
client with hiatal hernia?
A “Lie down after meals to promote digestion.”

B “Avoid coffee and alcoholic beverages.”

C “Take antacids with meals.”

“Limit fluid intake with meals.”

12. A male client is recovering from an ileostomy that was performed to treat inflammatory bowel
disease. During discharge teaching, the nurse should stress the importance of:

A increasing fluid intake to prevent dehydration

B wearing an appliance pouch only at bedtime

C consuming a low-protein, high-fiber diet

D taking only enteric-coated medications

13. During a home health visit, you are helping a patient develop a list of foods they should avoid due to
GERD. Which items in the patient's pantry should be avoided? SELECT-ALL-THAT-APPLY:*

A. Hot and Spicy Pork Rinds

B. Peppermint Patties

C. Green Beans

D. Tomato Soup

E. Chocolate Fondue

F. Almonds

G. Oranges

14. After dinner time, during hourly rounding, a patient awakes to report they feel like "food is coming
up" in the back of their throat and that there is a bitter taste in their mouth. What nursing intervention
will you perform next?*

A. Perform deep suctioning

B. Assist the patient into the Semi-Fowler's position

D. Instruct the patient to avoid milk products

15. A patient experiencing a flare-up with Crohn's Disease is ordered complete bowel rest by the
physician. You are administering TPN (total parental nutrition) per physician order. When developing the
patient's nursing plan of care, which nursing diagnosis is MOST important to include in the care plan?*

A. Risk for allergy response

B. Risk for unstable blood glucose level

C. Risk for imbalance nutrition: more than body requirements

D. Risk for imbalanced nutrition: less than body requirements

16. A patient is receiving treatment for Crohn's Disease. Which food found on the patient's food tray
should the patient avoid?*

A. Fresh Salad

B. White rice

C. Baked chicken

D. Cooked skinless apples

17. Your patient is 4 days post-opt from an appendectomy. Which assessment finding requires further
evaluation?

A. The patient reports their last bowel movement was the day before surgery

B. The patient reports incisional pain

C. The patient splints the abdominal incision to cough and deep breathe

D. The patient reports having no appetite

18. A college student has just been diagnosed with Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS), which of the
following should the nurse include in teaching the client?

A. "You should avoid coffee or energy drinks"

C. "Eat as much eggs and dairy as you can."

D. "Try to avoid drinking water."

E. "Try to increase the amount of fiber intake."

19. A client reports that they haven't had a bowel movement in three days. The nurse should promote
which of the following to help the client with gastrointestinal peristalsis?

A. Ambulation

B. Decreased fluid intake

C. Stool softeners

D. Private bathroom access

E. Abdominal massage

20. A 61-year-old patient has chronic constipation as a result of his prescription medication. Which foods
should the nurse advise the patient to eat more of to resolve his constipation?

A. Popcorn

B. Ice cream

C. Oatmeal

D. Ground beef

D. Potato chips