PREPOSITIONS

Preposition Meaning Example

* aboard • We went aboard the boat
* above • We are flying above the clouds.
• We live in the hills, 1,000 metres above sea-level.
• ________________________________________________
_______________________________________________

* across • We drove across the desert.

• There is a bridge across the river.
_________________________________________________

* against • Did you vote for or against the suggestion?

• He put his bicycle against the wall.
________________________________________________

* along • We walked along the beach for two miles.

• There are trees along the road.
• _______________________________________________

around • We walked around the town for an hour.

• He was born around 1570.
________________________________________________
________________________________________________

below • Much of Holland is below sea-level.

• There is a family in the flat below us.
• You can buy it if it’s below $50.
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________

beside • The river runs beside our house.

• James was sitting beside Miriam.
besides • What shall we have besides coffee?
Between • Tara was sitting between Ram and Ati.
beyond • Can you see someone in the distance, beyond that house?
• The meeting continued beyond midnight.
_________________________________________________

down • They ran down the hill.

• The post office is down the road.
_________________________________________________

inside • My modem is inside my computer. It’s an internal modem.

________________________________________________

into • John went into that shop.

• We cut the cake into ten pieces.
_________________________________________________

of • I live in the house at the end of the road.

• It was kind of you to help me.
• This is the cause of the problem.
• He died of cancer.
• Most tables are made of wood.
onto(US) • The cat jumped onto the chair.
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
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 Outside • I don’t live in London. I live outside London.
• It was very cold outside the car.
Over • We are flying over the mountains.
• The cat jumped over the wall.
• It cost over $50. It was $53.25.
• It took over an hour to do my homework.
• Can you stay with us over Christmas?
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________

Past • The post office is just past the police station.

• Don’t work past your bed-time.
Round • I live round the corner.
• They all sat round the fire.
Throughout • It is raining throughout the whole country.
• He worked throughout the day, and most of the night.
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________

toward(US) • He drove toward(s) the mountain..

towards(UK) • He has a positive attitude toward(s) his work.
Under • The mouse ran under the chair.
• Who do you work under? Who is your boss?
• I am under orders from the President.
• Please buy it if it’s under $50.
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________

up • Jack and Jill ran up the hill.

• There is a post office up the street.
__________________________________________________
_________________________________________________

within • I will finish within 30 minutes.

• He lives within 10 miles of his work.
without • I want trousers without buttons.
• I came without my wife because she is working.
• He watched without speaking.

II. COMPLEX PREPOSITIONS

ahead of Phía trước, đằng trước • Anthony is ahead of Rachel in the race. He’ll win.
• We have a long day ahead of us. Let’s get going!
as for Về phần • As for Matt, he will arrive later.
aside from Except for • I have another car aside from this one. Both are red.
as to • As to your behaviour, I think you were wrong.
but for Nếu ko có • It’s your fault! But for you, I’d have been on time.
by means of Do, bằng cách • You open a door by means of its handle.
except for • Everyone was present, except for Mary. She stayed at home.
forward of • He was sitting forward of me in the plane. I could just see the
back of his head.
in between ở khoảng giữa, nửa nọ nửa kia • He is in between the two opinions. He wants to compromise.
in face of Mặc dù, đối diện • He reacts bravely in face of danger.
in favour of • I am not in favour of your idea. It won’t work.
in view of Xét về • In view of your illness, we will wait for a week.
irrespective of Không kể, bất chấp • I don’t like it, irrespective of what you say.
• Irrespective of the price, I don’t want it. Price isn’t everything.
on account of Bởi vì • Don’t worry on account of me. Think about yourself.
on behalf of Thăy mặt cho • I’m calling you on behalf of Mr Brown. I represent him in legal

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 matters.
on board Lên, trên (tàu thuyền, máy • Is there a doctor on board this plane?
bay)
on top of • The cat is sitting on top of the television.
other than • Sorry, we’re out of whisky. But we have every drink other than
whisky.
out of >< into • Take your hands out of your pockets and help me!
• He went out of the room to smoke a cigarette.
• We’re out of eggs. Shall I buy some?
owing to Due to • We didn’t go swimming, owing to the cold weather.
prior to Before • I never spoke French prior to living in France. But I learned
quickly after coming to France.
regardless of Không quan tâm, đếm xỉa đến • I don’t want it, regardless of the price. Even if it’s free, I just
don’t want it.
up against • We are up against a powerful enemy.
up to • There was a shop here up to 1990. But it closed that year.
up until • We worked up until they came. Then we stopped.
with reference Vè vấn đề, liên hệ với • With reference to your comments, I’ll reply soon.
to • I am writing with reference to your order.
with regard to Liên quan đến • I’d like to speak to you with regard to your work.
I. Fill in the blanks with these words: against, at, by, for, from, in, like, near, of, on, to, up, with:
1. She is doing a degree course _____ a university.  14. I think there is a salesman _____ the door.
2. His trousers were washed _____ the washing machine. 15. Her next birthday will be _____ a Sunday.
3. We had to climb slowly _____ the hill. 16. He was given a ten-year prison sentence _____ armed
4. His house looks _____ a temple. robbery.
5. How many _____ the members will join the trip? 17. The store was robbed because there was no guard
6. Don't lean that ladder _____ the wall. _____ duty.
7. I don't usually feel tired _____ the morning. 19. My father has a car _____ yours.
8. Have you heard anything _____ him yet? 19. His sister holds a degree _____ physics _____ Oxford.
9. My house is quite _____ to your school. 20. The new factory is expected to come online _____
10. Put this _____ your drawer and do not let anyone see it. May.
11. A university is where you study _____ a degree. 21. If you go _____ a river you go towards its source.
12. Which of these roads will lead _____ the church? 22. Many of us eat _____ fork and spoon.
13. He sometimes quarrels _____ the neighbour.
II. Fill in the blanks with these words: about, across, after, along, among, behind, beside, off, since, through,
under, without.
1. I could see her _____ the window. 8. We parked the car _____ the fence.
2. We have not met _____ early last year. 9. The robbers jumped _____ the train while it was still
3. She came up and sat _____ me. moving.
4. Police want to know all _____ it and are calling for 10. We enjoy driving _____ the highway.
witnesses. 11. He has completed this degree course _____ too much
5. Please shut the door _____ you. trouble.
6. How long can you survive _____ light or heating? 12. There is only one bridge _____ this river.
7. Who is looking _____ you when your parents are not in? 13. Do you believe in life _____ death?
III. Fill in the correct prepositions across - at -by - during - for - from - in – into – of - on – through - to – towards –
with
1. Halloween is celebrated __________ the United States __________ October 31.
2. Are you going away for the weekend? – I don’t know. It depends __________ the weather.
3. Don’t kiss the prince. He might turn __________ a frog.
4. He felt bad __________ no reason at all.
5. I have been living here __________ ten years.
6. Have you been __________ the cinema recently? Yes I was there a few days ago.
7. I happened to meet an old friend __________ town.
8. Have you read the article? – It was __________ yesterday’s newspapers.
9. He always drives __________ a tremendous speed because he’s always __________ a hurry.
10. He is very fond __________ good food.
11. He married __________ the age of 28.
12. I bought many things __________ my stay in New York.
13. According __________ the guide there are three hotels __________ town.
14. I saw him standing __________ the queue but I don’t know if he got __________ the bus.

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15. I want to post this letter __________ a friend.
16. I’m going __________ Glasgow on Monday. Would you like to come with us?
17. John has got a very strange taste __________ clothes.
18. Mum sat __________ the back of the car.
19. I’m interested __________ basketball but I’m not very good __________ playing it.
20. I’m returning __________ Spain __________ the end of the month.
21. My parents met __________ the war, in 1943.
22. Is it true that your mother died __________ cancer.
23. It was embarrassing. I didn’t have enough money __________ pay for the meal.
24. It was __________ the radio yesterday morning.
25. It’s a quick journey __________ Manchester __________ Leeds.
26. Jane goes to the office early __________ Tuesdays.
27. I saw him sometime __________ June.
28. Meet me __________ the station.
29. The lights are moving __________ us.
30. My country is famous __________ great musicians.
31. Who is that girl over there __________ the red dress?
32. I live __________ Sweden but every summer I travel __________ Spain for my holidays.
33. Turn right __________ the end of the street and then it will be right in front of you
34. My sister has a beautiful apartment. She lives __________ the third floor.
35. Please sit down. Mr. Brown will be __________ you in a moment.
36. I have to apologize __________ being late.
37. She tried to prevent the children __________ jumping into the water.
38. Sometimes I have to walk to work and sometimes I go __________ bus.
39. Thank you __________ coming to visit us.
40. The boys met __________ the corner of the street.
41. The smallest room is located __________ the left of the hall.
42. We entered the building __________ entrance number 3.
43. There was a dark spot __________ the ceiling.
44. We arrived just __________ time to see the Queen.
45. We have to be at the airport __________ 6 p.m.
46. We ran __________ the doctor on our way to the bookshop.
IV. Fill in each blank with one suitable words
1/ Australia is a big country, but nearly all Australians live near the sea. On hot summer days, you can see thousands
of people at the beach. Many beaches have waves (1) _____________ are very high.
These large waves are known as surf and the people who ride them are called surfers. Surfing is a skill, and it needs
learning. Don’t (2) _______________ to be able to surf properly the (3) ______________ time you try. However, by
practising a few times you will learn (4) _________________ to do it.
Surfing is not a new sport. Perhaps its origins need explaining. It started hundreds (5) ______________ years ago in
Hawaii. Men swam (6) _________________ to sea to catch fish and found they could come back to land very quickly by
riding the waves. These first surfers did not (7) _____________ a board. They were “body surfers”. Many people (8)
____________ do this type of surfing today.
After a while people started to use boards and rode the waves by lying, kneeling or standing (9) _____________
them. These first surfboards were made of wood and the water made them rot after a while. Today, surfboards are made
of plastic or fiberglass (10) ______________
2/ I was reading an article last week in (1)___________ the writer described (2) _____________ her children has
changed as they (3)____________ When they were small she had to (4)___________ up with noisy games in the house,
or join in interminable games of football in the garden which (5)____________ her out. If the house went quiet, she
wondered what the monsters were getting up to, or what crisis she would have to (6)_ ______________ with next. She
dreaded the fact that they might (7)________________ after her husband, who admitted having (8)_____________ an
uncontrollable child who (9)_____________ most of the time showing off to his friends by breaking things or getting
into fights. What was worse was that (10)__________ else thought he was a sweet child, and he got away with the most
terrible things! However, she had experienced an even greater shocked with her children. They had (11)__________ out
of all their naughty behavior, and (12)_____________ up serious hobbies (13)______________ as chess and playing the
piano. They never did anything without (14)_______________ it over first, and coming to a serious decision. She had to
face up to the fact that they made her feel rather childish as they got (15)_____________, and that in some ways she
preferred them when they were young and noisy.
3/ Many actors do not like working (1) ____________ children or animals. This is probably (2)______________
they are afraid that the audience may become (3) _____________ interested in the children and animals than in them.

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 Actors can have problem (4) __________ a different kind when they are required to eat or drink on stage. If they
have (5) _____________ much food in their mouths, the words they say may not (6)____________ clear. and they may
even end up coughing or choking.
Other problems can occur with food (7) __________ films are being made. In a recent film, during (8) _____________
a family was waiting to have a meal, one of the actors entered with a large roasted chicken on a tray and started cutting some
meat from it while he was speaking. Having cut off a whole chicken leg, he completely forgot (9) _____________ his next
words were. The scene had to be filmed (10) __________. This would not really have mattered (11)_________ there had been
another roasted chicken in the studio, but there was not. At (12) __________, nobody knew what to do, but eventually the
problem was solved (13) ____________ putting a nail in the leg and attaching it back onto the chicken
V. Read the following passage and circle the best answers
1/ In 1826, a Frenchman named Niépce needed pictures for his business. He was not a good artist, so he invented a very
simple camera. He put it in a window of his house and took a picture of his yard. That was the first photograph.
The next important date in the history of photography was 1837. That year, Daguerre, another Frenchman, took a
picture of his studio. He used a new kind of camera and a different process. In his pictures, you could see everything
clearly, even the smallest details. This kind of photograph was called a daguerreotype.
Soon, other people began to use Daguerre’s process. Travelers brought back daguerreotypes from all around the world.
People photographed famous buildings, cities, and mountains.
In about 1840, the process was improved. Then photographers had to carry lots of film and moving things. The process
was not simple and photographers had to carry lots of film and processing equipment. However, this did not stop
photographers, especially in the United States. After 1840, daguerreotype artists were popular in most cities.
Matthew Brady was one well-known American photographer. He took many portraits of famous people. The portraits
were unusual because they were lifelike and full of personality. Brady was also the first person to take pictures of a war. His
1862 Civil War pictures showed dead soldiers and ruined cities. They made the war seem more real and more terrible.
In the 1880s, new inventions began to change photography. Photographers could buy film ready-made in rolls, instead
of having to make the film themselves. Also, they did not have to process the film immediately. They could bring it back
to their studios and develop it later. They did not have to carry lots of equipment. And finally, the invention of the small
handheld camera made photography less expensive.
With a small camera, anyone could be a photographer. People began to use cameras just for fun. They took pictures of
their families, friends, and favorite places. They called these pictures “snapshots”.
Documentary photographs became popular in newspapers in the 1890s. Soon magazines and books also used them.
These pictures showed true events and people. They were much more real than drawings.
Some people began to think of photography as a form of art. They thought that photography could do more than show
the real world. It could also show ideas and feelings, like other art forms.
1. The first photograph was taken with_______.
A. a small handheld camera B. a daguerreotype C. a very simple camera D. new types of film
2. Daguerre took a picture of his studio with_______.
A. a very simple cameraB. an electronic camera C. a new kind of camera D. special equipment
3. The word “this” in the passage refers to the_______.
A. taking of pictures of people and moving things B. stopping of photographers from taking photos
C. fact that daguerreotype artists were popular in most cities D. carrying of lots of film and processing equipment
4. The word “ruined” in the passage is closest in meaning to “_______”.
A. heavily-polluted B. poorly-painted C. badly damaged D. terribly spoiled
5. The word “lifelike” in the passage is closest in meaning to “_______”.
A. touching B. moving C. realistic D. manlike
6. The latest invention mentioned in the passage is the invention of _______.
A. rolls of film B. daguerreotypes C. processing equipment D. handheld cameras
7. The word “handheld” in the passage is closest in meaning to “_______”.
A. handling manually B. operated by hand C. controlling hands D. held by hand
8. Matthew Brady was well-known for _______.
A. portraits and war photographs B. inventing daguerreotypes
C. the small handheld camera D. taking pictures of French cities
9. As mentioned in the passage, photography can_______.
A. print old pictures B. replace drawings C. show the underworld D. convey ideas and feelings
10. Which of the following could best serve as the title of the passage?
A. Story of Famous Photographers B. Photography and Painting
C. Different Steps in Film Processing D. Story of Photography
2/ A number of factors related to the voice reveal the personality of the speaker.The first is the broad area of
communication, which includes imparting information by use of language, communicating with a group or an individual and
specialized communication through performance. A person conveys thoughts and ideas through choice of words, by a tone
of voice that is pleasant or unpleasant, gentle or harsh, by the rhythm that is inherent within the language itself, and by
speech rhythms that are flowing and regular or uneven and hesitant, and finally, by the pitch and melody of the utterance.
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When speaking before a group, a person's tone may indicate uncertainty or fright, confidence or calm. At interpersonal
levels, the tone may reflect ideas and feelings over and above the words chosen, or may belie them. Here the participant’s
tone can consciously or unconsciously reflect intuitive sympathy or antipathy, lack of concern or interest, fatigue, anxiety,
enthusiasm or excitement, all of which are .usually discernible by the acute listener. Public performance is a manner of
communication that is highly specialized with its own techniques for obtaining effects by voice and /or gesture. The
motivation derived from the text, and in the case of singing, the music, in combination with the performer's skills,
personality, and ability to create empathy will determine the success of artistic, political, or pedagogic communication.
Second, the voice gives psychological clues to a person's self-image, perception of others, and emotional health.
Self-image can be indicated by a tone of voice that is confident, pretentious, shy, aggressive, outgoing, or exuberant, to
name only a few personality traits. Also the sound may give a clue to the facade or mask of that person, for example, a
shy person hiding behind an overconfident front. How a speaker perceives the listener's receptiveness, interest, or
sympathy in any given conversation can drastically alter the tone of presentation, by encouraging or discouraging the
speaker. Emotional health is evidenced in the voice by free and melodic sounds of the happy, by constricted and harsh
sound of the angry, and by dull and lethargic qualities of the depressed.
1. What does the passage mainly discuss?
The function of the voice in performance Communication styles
C. The connection between voice and personality D. The production of speech
2. What does the author mean by staring that, "At interpersonal levels, tone may reflect ideas and feelings over and above
the words chosen" in lines 6- 7?
A. Feelings are expressed with different words than ideas are.
B. The tone of voice can carry information beyond the meaning of words.
C. A high tone of voice reflects an emotional communication.
D. Feelings are more difficult to express than ideas.
3. The word "Here" in line 7 refers to……………
A. interpersonal interactions B. the tone C. ideas and feelings D. words chosen
4. The word "derived" in line 11 is closest in meaning to………
A. discussed B. prepared C. registered D. obtained
5.Why does the author mention "artistic, political, or pedagogic communication" in line 12-13?
A. As examples of public performance B. As examples of basic styles of communication
C. To contrast them to singing D. To introduce the idea of self-image
6. According to the passage, an exuberant tone of voice may be an indication of a person's………
A. general physical health B. personality C. ability to communicate D. vocal quality
7. According to the passage, an overconfident front may hide…………
A. hostility B. shyness C. friendliness D. strength
8. The word "drastically" in line 18 is closest in meaning to……………
A. frequently B. exactly C. severely D. easily
9. The word "evidenced" in line 19 is closest in meaning to……………
A. questioned B. repeated C. indicated D. exaggerated
10. According to the passage, what does a constricted and harsh voice indicate?
A. Lethargy B. Depression C. Boredom D. Anger
VI. Rewrite the following sentences
1. She was not used to driving on the left. She
found______________________________________________________
2. I was very shocked when I knew that I had failed that important test.
It came __________________________________________________________________________________________
3. The third time he asked her to marry him, she accepted.
Only on __________________________________________________________________________________________
4. As he grew older, he became more and more forgetful.
The_____________________________________________________________________________________________
5. It was wrong of you to allow a 4- year-old child to walk home alone.
You should_______________________________________________________________________________________
6. She thought it was too difficult for her to finish the job by lunchtime.
She found________________________________________________________________________________________
7. “ Unless I receive her letter tomorrow, I’ll phone her,” said Nam
Nam said that if____________________________________________________________________________________
8. Nick told one of the detectives that he had taken the cashbox.
Nick admitted ____________________________________________________________________________________
9. While I strongly disapprove of your behaviour, I will help you this time.
Despite my ______________________________________________________________________________________
10. They are letting John out of hospital next week. (RELEASED)
________________________________________________________________________________________________ .
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11. Why don’t you get an optician to test your eyes? (TESTED)
_________________________________________________________________________________________________ .
12. I bought a magazine whose title is Sun Flowers. (OF)
________________________________________________________________________________________________
13. Your silly questions distracted me. --> You drove ______________________________________________________
14. Go to the international ticket desk immediately on arrival.
As ______________________________________________________________________________________________
15. His second attempt on the world record was successful.
He broke ___________________________________________________________________________________
16. This problem cannot be solved instantly. --> There is ___________________________________________________
17. The two theories appear to be completely different. COMMON
__________________________________________________________________________________________
18. The accident victim was having increasing difficulty in breathing. DIFFICULT
__________________________________________________________________________________________
19. Teams of experts are examining the damage to the building. EXAMINED
__________________________________________________________________________________________
20. You didn't think carefully enough before you decided. OUGHT
__________________________________________________________________________________________
VII. Read the following passage and then choose the most suitable word or phrase for each space.
1/ English spelling
Why does English spelling have a reputation for being difficult? English was first written down when Christian
monks came to England in Anglo-Saxon (1) ______ .They used the 23 letters of Latin to write down the sounds of Anglo-
Saxon speech as they heard it. However, English has a (2) ______ range of basic sounds (over 40) than Latin. The alphabet
was too small, and so combinations of letters were needed to (3) ______ the different sounds. Inevitably, there were
inconsistencies in the way that letters were combined.
With the Norman invasion of England, the English language was put (4) ______ risk. English survived, but the
spelling of many English words changed to follow French patterns, and many French words were (5) ______ into the
language. The result was more irregularity.
When the printing press was (6) ______ in the fifteenth century, many early printers of English texts spoke other
first languages. They (7) ______ little effort to respect English spelling. Although one of the short-term effects of printing
was to produce a number of variant spellings, in the long term it created fixed spellings. People became used to seeing
words spelt in the same way. Rules were (8) ______ and dictionaries were put together which printers and writers
could refer to. However, spoken English was not fixed and continued to change slowly - just as it still does now. Letters that
were sounded in the Anglo-Saxon period, like the 'k' in 'knife', now became (9) ______. Also, the pronunciation of vowels
then had (10) _____ in common with how they sound now, but the way they are spelt hasn't changed.
1. A. ages B. centuries C. times D. years
2. A. deeper B. longer C. thicker D. wider
3. A. explain B. express C. perform D. tell
4. A. at B. in C. on D. under
5. A. announced B. found C. introduced D. started
6. A. discovered B. invented C. made up D. taken up
7. A. brought B. did C. made D. put
8. A. drawn up B. filled in C. got across D. handed out
9. A. dump B. quiet C. silent D. speechless
10. A. much B. many C. few D. little
2/ What do you do well? What do you enjoy doing? Your answers to these two questions will help you identify your (1)
_____. An employer will consider you seriously for a (2)_______ when you can show them that you know who you are,
what you can offer and what you have studied. Sometimes it is difficult to know what your weaknesses are. Clearly not
everyone is equally good (3) _____ everything. You may need to improve yourself and so (4) _____ courses in that field
could turn a weakness into strength.
You will need to (5) _____ some time on your self-assessment. Your honesty and the desire for self-improvement
will lead to (6) _____ in getting the right job. Explore the following seven areas to start to get to know yourself: your
aptitude, your skills, your personality, the level of responsibility you feel comfortable with, your interests and your needs.
Ask (7) _____ if you have any special talents and if you need to consider your physical health when choosing a job.
Be as honest and realistic as you can, and ask for other people's (8) _____ if necessary. Make a list of these things. It is
usually a good idea to talk about your aptitudes with teachers, family and friends;
If you are considering a career that (9) _____ a special talent, such as art, acrobatics, mathematics or music, discuss
your aptitudes with (10) _____ expert in that area and discover how they fit the needs of the occupation.
1. a. strong b. strength c. strengthen d. strengthened
2. a. position b. location c. spot d. room
3. a. upon b. in c. at d. for
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4. a. meeting b. taking c. choosing d. interviewing
5. a. use b. make c. lose d. spend
6. a. success b. successful c. successfully d. succeed
7. a. you b. your c. yours d. yourself
8. .a. interests b. fields c. opinions d. attendances
9. a. requires b. asks c. tells d. urges
10. a. a b. an c. the d. no article
3/ The interview is one of the most important (1) _____ in the job search process. When an employer invites you to an
interview, he/she is indicating an (2) _____ in yourself. The interview gives both of you the opportunity to (3) _____
enough information to determine if you are a good "fit" for each other. Think of an interview as a highly focused
professional conversation. You should (4) _____ the limited amount of time you have learning about the employer's needs
and discuss the ways you can meet these needs. In many cases, you will be interviewed at least, twice before being
employed for a (5) _____. Once in a brief screening interview and at least once again in a (6) _____ serious meeting
when you may also talk to many of your potential coworkers.
A job interview is a strategic conversation with a purpose. Your goal is to show the employer that you have the (7)
_____, background, and ability to do the job and that you can successfully fit into the organization. The interview is also
your (8) _____ to gather information about the job, the organization, and future career opportunities to figure out if the
position and work environment are (9) _____ for you. Most employers do not hire people based on certificates or
diplomas alone. Personality, (10) ______, enthusiasm, a positive outlook, and excellent interpersonal and communication
skills count heavily in the selection process.
1. a. parts b. roles c. fields d. facts
2. a. interest b. interesting c. interested d. interestingly
3. a. fill b. change c. exchange d. translate
4. a. make b. spend c. post d. apply
5. a. condition b. location c. satisfaction d. position
6. a. most b. mostly c. more d. more than
7. a. skills b. aspects c. appearances d. weaknesses
8. a. fates b. feasts c. lucks d. opportunities
9. a. fit b. right c. accurate d. exact
10. a. confide b. confidence c. confident d. confidently
VIII. Choose the word or phrase which best completes each sentence.
1. The greater ................. increase in population, the harder it is for people to find adequate housing.
A. of B. is the C. the D. is of the
2. As soon as you buy a car, it starts falling in ..................

A. cost B. worth C. value D. price

3. – “Thank you very much for your lift” – “ …………………!”
A. That was all I could do B. I see C. Delighted I was able to help D. Thank you.
4. Since they aren't answering their telephone, they................... left
A. must have B. should have C. need have D. can have
5. She ..................... $ 20 out of the bank every Monday.
A. pulls B. draws C. moves D. removes
6. The thief was .......................... to six months' imprisonment.
A. given B. sent C. sentenced D. changed
7. “Would you rather have wine or coke?” – “…………….”
A. It doesn’t matter B. No problem C. Sure D. None, please.
8. Houses in big cities are expensive because land is in ................... supply.
A. short B. brief C. little D. slight
9. He's not very sensible as far as money ................... are concerned.
A. matters B. objects C. things D. aspects
10. He considers shares to be a good ...................... investment.
A. long-time B. long-term C. long-age D. long-run
11. There's no point in telephoning him. He's certain ..................... by now.
A. to leave B. to have left C. left D. having left
12. – “………………..” – “Thank you.”
A. What a nice house! B. Thanks for coming C. Please help me with this D. Sorry
13. Giving up smoking is just one of the ways to ..................... heart disease.
A. push off B. put off C. ward off D. throw off
14. The windows don't fit very well and this makes the room awfully .....................
A. airy B. draughty C. breezy D. ventilated
15. –“May I go out?” – “ ……………….”
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 A. Go ahead B. It doesn’t matter C. You may D. Be quick
16. It seem to be your boss who is ………………. fault in this case.
A. under B. at C. with D. for
17. I’ll be kind to her ……………. she decides to leave me.
A. in case B. so that C. for fear that D. lest
18. ………………., the catfish is prized for its taste.
A. With ugly look B. As ugly looking C. Ugly looking as it is D. As it is ugly looking
19. –“What a lovely you have!” - “ …………………”
A. No problem B. I think so C. Thank you. Hope you will drop in. D. Of course not. It’s not costly.
20. –“Who broke the window?” – “ …………………”
A. I am B. Sorry to hear that C. I did. Excuse me D. I did. Sorry.
21. – “Janet, make us some tea, will you?” – “……………………”
A. No, I won’t B. Sorry, I don’t C. Don’t worry. Go ahead D. I can’t. I’m afraid.
22. – “Would you mind moving your bag from the seat?” – “……………………….”
A. Yes, I would like. B. Don’t mention it C. Oh, sorry D. You shouldn’t say that
23. “I didn’t get the job!” – “……………………”
A. Good heavens! B. Bless you! C. That’s brilliant! D. Never mind, better luck next time!
24. Mr. Gump supposes, …………………., that he will retire at 60.
A. like most people did B. as most of people C. like most people do D. as do most people
25. Children can be difficult to teach because of their short attention ……………… .
A. limit B. duration C. span D. time
26. It really gets me …………….. having to work so much overtime.
A. up B. on C. by D. down
27. …………………., I would give a party.
A. Were she to come next month B. She were to come next month
A. If she come next month D. Should she come next month
28. The parcel I sent you ………………… by now.
A. is supposed to arrive B. should arrive C. should have arrived D. would arrive
29. You are too old to carry on working. It’s time you called it a …………….. .
A. year B. month C. week D. day
30. On the battle field ………………………… .
A. the tanks lay B. did the tanks lie C. lay the tanks D. lied the tanks
IX. Error identification
1. People with an exceptionally high intelligence quotient may not be the best employees since they become bored of their
work unless the job is constantlychanging. ___________________________________
2. The normally force of gravity at the Earth's surface is called 1 g. _________________________________
3. Ninety-seven percent of the world's water is saltwater is found in the oceans of the Earth.______________________
4. During their first attempts as a songwriter, George Gershwin diligently continued to study the piano, harmony, theory,
and orchestration. _______________________
5. The antique collector must be able to distinguish real antiques from later imitations, which can be either
reproductions nor fakes. __________________________
6. Although apples do not grow during the cold season, apple trees must have a such season in order to flourish.
________________________________
7. Laser discs provide images of best quality than those of either television signals or video tapes.
______________________
8. Rabbits have large front tooth, short tails, and hind legs and feet adapted for running and jumping.
__________________
9. Dentistry is a branch of medicine that has developed very dramatic in the last twenty years.____________________
10. Pharmacist fill drug prescriptions, keeping records of the drug their patients are taking to make sure that harmful
combinations are not prescribed. _______________________________
11. Without a doubt, the best way to do well in college to keep up constantly with the homework, read everything that is
required, and regularly outline all the class notes. _______________________________
12. Although jogging is a good way to lose weight and improve one's physical condition, most doctors recommended that the
potential jogger begin in a correct manner by getting a complete checkup.. ______________________________
13. Bunsen burners are devices used to hot materials in a chemistry lab._______________________________
14. The oxygen content of Mars is not sufficient enough to support life as we know it. _______________________
15. Only after several people had died they required stricter packaging of over-the-counter drugs. 
____________________
16. Thomas Edison, who was responsible for hundreds of inventions, was in reality a highly organized, hard working
and well-reading scientist. ___________________________
17. During first ten years of the space Age, which began in 1957, more than 500, artificial satellites were
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rocketed into orbit around the Earth. ______________________
18. The Americans are much more concerned than the Chinese with physical attractive when choosing a wife
or a husband. _______________________
19. The consultant said management had better to formalize its employment policies and procedures in orderto avoid adverse
employment claims in the future. ____________________
20. Information in a computer can be lost because it is no longer stored or because it is stored but cannot retrieve.
_________________________
21. Dr. Mary Walker, a surgeon in the Union Army during the Civil War, was the first, and so far only woman
awarding the Congressional Medal of Honor. _______________________
22. Some encyclopedias deal with specific fields, such as music or philosophy, and provide informations only on
subject _______________________________
23. Even when graduate of a reputable business school has the proper credentials, he or she may have
difficulty finding a job due to lack of practical experience. _____________________________
X. Use the prompts below to make a meaningful sentence
1. Government/ expect/ action/ against/ level/ unemployment
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
2. I/ examination/ computer theory/ 2 months/ ago/ which/ passed
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
3. recent researches/ conversation/ men/ women/ produce/ results/ which/ surprise/ people
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
4. The past/ most people/ believe/ world's resources/ never/ use up
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
5. Fight/ pollution/ our environment/ be/ great/ importance
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
6. Conservation/ include/ search/ alternative fuels/ energy/ wind or sun
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
7. Jack London/ life and writing/ think/ by many/ represent/ American/ love/ adventure
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
8. Beautiful forests/ destroy/ if/ we/ nothing/ preserve them
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
9. Inhabitants/ this city/ all/ kill/ one week/ volcanic disasters
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
10. We/ aware/ necessity/ plant/ protect/ forest/ if/ we want/ avoid/ natural disasters
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
11. It/ undeniable fact/ modern means/ communication/ depend/ use/ language
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________

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