Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 88 views

    Name Section: Date: Score: Signature of Instructor:: Laboratory Activity 9 Chemical Bonds

    Uploaded by

    John Paul Polo
    This document contains instructions and observations for three laboratory activities on chemical bonds: 1) The first activity examines the differences between ionic and covalent bonds by observing how salt, sugar, candle wax, and Vetsin react to heat and dissolve in water. 2) The second activity tests the electrical conductivity of these substances in solution to determine which form ionic bonds. 3) The third activity uses ball-and-stick models to build molecules and observe VSEPR (valence shell electron pair repulsion) theory, which predicts molecular geometry based on electron domains.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Name Section: Date: Score: Signature of Instructor:: Laboratory Activity 9 Chemical Bonds

    Uploaded by

    John Paul Polo
    88 views3 pages
    This document contains instructions and observations for three laboratory activities on chemical bonds: 1) The first activity examines the differences between ionic and covalent bonds by observing how salt, sugar, candle wax, and Vetsin react to heat and dissolve in water. 2) The second activity tests the electrical conductivity of these substances in solution to determine which form ionic bonds. 3) The third activity uses ball-and-stick models to build molecules and observe VSEPR (valence shell electron pair repulsion) theory, which predicts molecular geometry based on electron domains.

    Original Title

    Chemistry Laboratory Report

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    This document contains instructions and observations for three laboratory activities on chemical bonds: 1) The first activity examines the differences between ionic and covalent bonds by observing how salt, sugar, candle wax, and Vetsin react to heat and dissolve in water. 2) The second activity tests the electrical conductivity of these substances in solution to determine which form ionic bonds. 3) The third activity uses ball-and-stick models to build molecules and observe VSEPR (valence shell electron pair repulsion) theory, which predicts molecular geometry based on electron domains.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    88 views3 pages

    Name Section: Date: Score: Signature of Instructor:: Laboratory Activity 9 Chemical Bonds

    Uploaded by

    John Paul Polo
    This document contains instructions and observations for three laboratory activities on chemical bonds: 1) The first activity examines the differences between ionic and covalent bonds by observing how salt, sugar, candle wax, and Vetsin react to heat and dissolve in water. 2) The second activity tests the electrical conductivity of these substances in solution to determine which form ionic bonds. 3) The third activity uses ball-and-stick models to build molecules and observe VSEPR (valence shell electron pair repulsion) theory, which predicts molecular geometry based on electron domains.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    You are on page 1of 3

    Name Section:

    Date: Score: Signature of Instructor:

    LABORATORY ACTIVITY 9
    CHEMICAL BONDS

    Introduction:
    There are many types of chemical bonds and forces that bind molecules together. The two most basic types
    of bonds are characterized as either ionic or covalent. Ionic bonding is the complete transfer of valence electron(s)
    between atoms. It is a type of chemical bond that generates two oppositely charged ions. In ionic bonds, the metal
    loses electrons to become a positively charged cation, whereas the nonmetal accepts those electrons to become a
    negatively charged anion. In ionic bonding, more than 1 electron can be donated or received to satisfy the octet
    rule. By losing electrons metals can achieve a noble gas configuration and satisfy the octet rule. Similarly,
    nonmetals that have close to 8 electrons in their valence shells, tend to accept electrons to achieve noble gas
    configuration. The charges on the anion and cation correspond to the number of electrons donated or received. In
    ionic bonds, the net charge of a compound must be zero.
    Covalent bonds are formed when atoms share electrons (instead of gaining or losing them) to become
    steadier. Covalent bonding involves bonding between nonmetals and/or metalloids. When atoms share one, two or
    three pairs of electrons between themselves, it results in single, double or triple bonds respectively. Covalent bonds
    can further be classified into polar covalent bonds and non-polar covalent bonds. Polar covalent bonding shows
    unequal sharing of electrons between two atoms. Non-polar covalent bonds form a molecule by equally sharing
    electrons.

    LABORATORY ACTIVITY PROPER

    Activity 9.1: Differences between ionic and covalent bond

    Materials
     Distilled water  Sugar  Test tube rack
     Alcohol lamp  Candle wax  Vetsin (monosodium
     Metal spoon  Salt (sodium chloride) glutamate)
     match  Test tube  Medicine dropper

    Procedures Observation
    1. Get a pinch of salt, place it in a spoon and heat
    using alcohol lamp for 1 minute.
    2. Repeat the procedure for vetsin, sugar and candle
    wax.
    3. Write your observations.
    4. Transfer a pinch of each sample into test tubes.
    Add distilled water approximately half of the test
    tube. Shake and observe.

    What type of compound:


    SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL – STEM SPECIALIZED SUBJECT GENERAL CHEMISTRY I
    a. dissolves in water
    b. melts easily

    What common properties did you observe in this activity?

    Activity 9.2: Electrical conductivity

    Materials:

     Candle wax  Test tube rack
     Distilled water  Table sugar, C12H22O11
     Vetsin, Monosodium glutamate  Sodium chloride, NaCl
     Test tubes (4)  Conductivity apparatus

    Procedure Observation
    1. Measure 3.0 g of each sample.
    2. Transfer the samples into individual test tubes.
    Add 5 mL of distilled water. Shake.
    3. Write your observations.
    4. Test the conductivity of the compound with
    distilled water.
    5. Write your observations.

    What type of compound


     conducts electricity in solution?

    Explain why salt and vetsin can conduct electricity in solution.

    Complete the table:


    Compound Reaction to heat Solubility in water Conductivity Type of compound
    (melts easily or not) (insoluble or (conductive or (ionic or covalent)
    soluble not)
    Salt
    Vetsin
    Sugar
    wax

    Activity 9.3: VSEPR Lab

    Materials:
     Ball and stick model  4 Ball (1 hole)
     Ball (4 holes)  4 white sticks
     2 Ball (3 holes)  2 white oval sticks
    Procedure Observation
    1. Using ball-and-stick models, build a model of
    each of the assigned molecules (see table below).
    SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL – STEM SPECIALIZED SUBJECT GENERAL CHEMISTRY I
    Observe octet rule and its exemptions.
    2. Choose the ball with number of holes for the
    central atom corresponding to the number of
    electron domains.
    3. Use single bonds (white sticks) or multiple
    bonds (violet sticks) as necessary.
    4. Use lone pairs (oval white sticks) to show the
    presence of lone pairs.
    5. Draw a sketch of each model then complete the
    remaining entries in your data table.

    Explain VSEPR theory in your own words.

    Molecular Total no. of valence No. of bonding No. of lone Lewis Sketch of the
    electrons
    Formula pairs pairs structure model

    1. NH3

    2. BH3

    3. SO2

    4. Cl2

    5. H2O

    6. HF

    7. C2H4

    SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL – STEM SPECIALIZED SUBJECT GENERAL CHEMISTRY I

    You might also like

    pFad - Phonifier reborn

    Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

    Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


    Alternative Proxies:

    Alternative Proxy

    pFad Proxy

    pFad v3 Proxy

    pFad v4 Proxy