Provläsningsexemplar / Preview

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 1132-2

First edition
2001-09-01

Rolling bearings — Tolerances —

Part 2:
Measuring and gauging principles
and methods
Roulements — Tolérances —
Partie 2: Principes et méthodes de mesurage et de vérification par calibre

Reference number
ISO/FDIS 1132-2:2001(E)

© ISO 2001
 Provläsningsexemplar / Preview

ISO 1132-2:2001(E)

PDF disclaimer
This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobe's licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall not
be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In downloading this
file, parties accept therein the responsibility of not infringing Adobe's licensing policy. The ISO Central Secretariat accepts no liability in this
area.
Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated.
Details of the software products used to create this PDF file can be found in the General Info relative to the file; the PDF-creation parameters
were optimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In the unlikely event
that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below.

© ISO 2001
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic
or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISO's member body
in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
Case postale 56 · CH-1211 Geneva 20
Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
Fax + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail copyright@iso.ch
Web www.iso.ch
Printed in Switzerland

ii © ISO 2001 – All rights reserved

 Provläsningsexemplar / Preview

ISO 1132-2:2001(E)

Contents Page

Foreword.....................................................................................................................................................................iv
1 Scope ..............................................................................................................................................................1
2 Normative references ....................................................................................................................................1
3 Terms and definitions ...................................................................................................................................2
4 Symbols ..........................................................................................................................................................2
5 General conditions ........................................................................................................................................4
6 Measuring and gauging principles and methods.......................................................................................7
7 Principles of measuring bore diameter .......................................................................................................8
8 Principles of measuring outside diameter ................................................................................................14
9 Principles of measuring width and height ................................................................................................17
10 Principles of measuring ring and washer chamfer dimension ...............................................................24
11 Principles of measuring raceway parallelism...........................................................................................26
12 Principles of measuring surface perpendicularity ...................................................................................28
13 Principles of measuring thickness variation ............................................................................................32
14 Principles of measuring radial runout .......................................................................................................37
15 Principles of measuring axial runout ........................................................................................................42
16 Principles of measuring radial clearance..................................................................................................45
Annex A (normative) Cross-reference to clauses in ISO 1132-1..........................................................................47

© ISO 2001 – All rights reserved iii

 Provläsningsexemplar / Preview

ISO 1132-2:2001(E)

Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO
member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical
committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has
the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in
liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical
Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.

International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 3.

Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting.
Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.

Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this part of ISO 1132 may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.

International Standard ISO 1132-2 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 4, Rolling bearings.

This first edition of ISO 1132-2 cancels and replaces ISO/TR 9274:1991, in the form of a technical revision thereof.

ISO 1132 consists of the following parts, under the general title Rolling bearings — Tolerances:

¾ Part 1: Terms and definitions

¾ Part 2: Measuring and gauging principles and methods

Annex A forms a normative part of this part of ISO 1132.

iv © ISO 2001 – All rights reserved

 Provläsningsexemplar / Preview

INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 1132-2:2001(E)

Rolling bearings — Tolerances —

Part 2:
Measuring and gauging principles and methods

1 Scope
This part of ISO 1132 establishes guidelines for measurement of dimensions, running accuracy and internal
clearance of rolling bearings. The purpose is to outline the fundamentals of various measuring and gauging
principles which may be used in order to clarify and comply with the definitions of ISO 1132-1 and ISO 5593.

The measuring and gauging methods described in this part of ISO 1132 may differ amongst themselves and do not
provide for a unique interpretation. It is recognized that there are other adequate measuring and gauging methods
and that technical development may result in even more convenient methods. Therefore, this part of ISO 1132
does not imply any obligation to apply any particular method. However, the methods specified may be referred to in
cases of dispute.

2 Normative references
The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of
this part of ISO 1132. For dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of these publications
do not apply. However, parties to agreements based on this part of ISO 1132 are encouraged to investigate the
possibility of applying the most recent editions of the normative documents indicated below. For undated
references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to applies. Members of ISO and IEC maintain
registers of currently valid International Standards.

ISO 1:1975, Standard reference temperature for industrial length measurements.

ISO 76:1987, Rolling bearings — Static load ratings.

ISO 104:—1), Rolling bearings — Thrust bearings — Boundary dimensions, general plan.

ISO 286-2:1988, ISO system of limits and fits — Part 2: Tables of standard tolerance grades and limit deviations for
holes and shafts.

ISO 1132-1:2000, Rolling bearings — Tolerances — Part 1: Terms and definitions.

ISO 3030:1996, Rolling bearings — Radial needle roller and cage assemblies — Dimensions and tolerances.

ISO 3031:2000, Rolling bearings — Thrust needle roller and cage assemblies, thrust washers — Boundary
dimensions and tolerances.

ISO 3245:1997, Rolling bearings — Needle roller bearings, drawn cup without inner rings — Boundary dimensions
and tolerances.

1) To be published. (Revision of ISO 104:1994)

© ISO 2001 – All rights reserved 1

 Provläsningsexemplar / Preview

ISO 1132-2:2001(E)

ISO 4291:1985, Methods for the assessment of departure from roundness — Measurement of variations in radius.

ISO 5593:1997, Rolling bearings — Vocabulary.

ISO 15241:2001, Rolling bearings — Symbols for quantities.

3 Terms and definitions

For the purpose of this part of ISO 1132, the terms and definitions given in ISO 1132-1 and ISO 5593 apply. The
following additional terms and definitions are used throughout this part of ISO 1132. An index of methods with their
respective symbols, as specified in ISO 1132-1, is included in annex A.

3.1
measurement
set of operations having the object of determining the dimension(s) or variation of a feature

3.2
gauge
device of defined geometric form and size used to assess the conformance of a feature of a work piece to a
dimensional specification.

NOTE The device could give only “GO” and/or “NOT GO” information (e.g. plug gauge).

3.3
gauging
inspection of size and/or form by means of a gauge

3.4
measuring and gauging principle
fundamental geometric basis for the measurement or gauging of the considered geometric characteristic

3.5
measuring and gauging method
practical application of a principle by the use of different types of measuring and gauging equipment and operations

3.6
measuring and gauging equipment
technical device used to perform a specific method of measuring (e.g. calibrated indicator)

3.7
measuring force
force applied by the stylus of an indicator or a recorder to the feature being measured

3.8
measuring load
external force applied to the specimen being measured in order to accomplish the measurement

4 Symbols
For the purposes of this part of ISO 1132, the symbols given in ISO 15241 and the following apply.

The symbols (except those for tolerances) shown in the figures and the values given in the tables denote nominal
dimensions unless specified otherwise. Additionally, the drawing symbols given in Table 1 are applied throughout
this part of ISO 1132.

2 © ISO 2001 – All rights reserved

 Provläsningsexemplar / Preview

ISO 1132-2:2001(E)

Table 1 — Drawing symbols

Symbol Interpretation

Surface plate (measuring plane)

Fixed support
(Front view)

(Top view)

Fixed gauge support

(Front view) Indicator or recorder

(Top view)

Measuring stand with indicator or recorder

Symbols for measuring stands can be drawn in different ways

in accordance with the measuring equipment used.

Centred arbor

Intermittent linear traverse

Turning against fixed support(s)

Rotation about centre

Loading, direction of loading

Loading alternately in opposite directions

© ISO 2001 – All rights reserved 3

 Provläsningsexemplar / Preview

ISO 1132-2:2001(E)

Table 1 — Drawing symbols (continued)

Symbol Interpretation

Movable support for indicator moving perpendicular to the

(Front view) measured surface

(Top view)

Movable support for indicator moving parallel to (along) the

measured surface

5 General conditions

5.1 Measuring equipment

Measurements of the various dimensions, runouts and clearances can be performed on different types of
measuring equipment and with differing degrees of accuracy. The principles described are commonly used by
bearing manufacturers and users and generally they provide an accuracy sufficient for practical purposes. It is
recommended that the total measuring inaccuracy should not exceed 10 % of the actual tolerance zone. However,
the measuring and gauging methods may not always fully check the indicated requirements. Whether or not such
methods are sufficient and acceptable depends on the magnitude of the actual deviations from the ideal dimension
or form and the inspection circumstances.

Bearing manufacturers frequently use specially designed measuring equipment for individual components, as well
as for assemblies, to increase speed and accuracy of measurement. Should the dimensional or geometrical errors
appear to exceed those in the relevant specifications, when using equipment as indicated in any of the methods in
this part of ISO 1132, the matter should be referred to the bearing manufacturer.

5.2 Masters and indicators

Dimensions are determined by comparing the actual component with appropriate gauge blocks or masters whose
calibration is traceable through national standards organizations to the length of the international prototype as
defined in ISO 1. For such comparison, a calibrated indicator of appropriate sensitivity is used.

5.3 Arbors

In all cases when the arbor method of measuring runout is used, the rotational accuracy of the arbor shall be
determined so that subsequent bearing measurements may be suitably corrected for any appreciable arbor
inaccuracy. A precision arbor having a taper of approximately 0,000 2:1 on diameter shall be used.

In cases when an arbor is used to measure the bore diameter of a roller complement, a precision arbor having a
taper of approximately 0,000 5:1 on diameter shall be used.

5.4 Temperature

Before any measurements are made, the part to be measured, the measuring equipment and master shall be
brought to the temperature of the room in which the measurements are to be made. The recommended room
temperature is 20 °C, see ISO 1. Care shall be taken to avoid heat transfer to the component or assembled bearing
during measurement.

4 © ISO 2001 – All rights reserved

 Provläsningsexemplar / Preview

ISO 1132-2:2001(E)

5.5 Measuring force and radius of measuring stylus

To avoid undue deflection of thin rings, the measuring force shall be minimized. If significant distortion is present, a
load deflection factor shall be introduced to correct the measured value to the free unloaded value. The maximum
measuring force and minimum radius of the measuring stylus are given in Table 2.

Table 2 — Maximum measuring forces and minimum radii of measuring stylus

Nominal size range Measuring force a Stylus radius b

Bearing feature mm N mm

> u max. min.

— 10 2 0,8
Bore diameter
10 30 2 2,5
d
30 — 2 2,5
Outside diameter — 30 2 2,5
D 30 — 2 2,5
a The maximum measuring force is intended to give repeatable measurements without distortion of the
specimen. Where distortion occurs, a lower measuring force may be used.
b Smaller radii may be used with an appropriate reduction in the measuring force applied.

5.6 Coaxial measuring load

To maintain bearing assemblies in their proper relative positions, the coaxial measuring load given in Tables 3 and
4 should be applied for the methods where specified.

Table 3 — Coaxial measuring loads for radial ball

bearings and angular contact ball bearings with
contact angles u 30°

Coaxial load on the

Outside diameter
bearing
mm
N
> u min.

— 30 5
30 50 10
50 80 20
80 120 35
120 180 70
180 — 140

© ISO 2001 – All rights reserved 5

 Provläsningsexemplar / Preview

ISO 1132-2:2001(E)

Table 4 — Coaxial measuring loads for tapered roller

bearings, angular contact ball bearings with
contact angles > 30° and thrust bearings

Coaxial load on the

Outside diameter
bearing
mm
N
> u min.

— 30 40
30 50 80
50 80 120
80 120 150
120 — 150

5.7 Measurement zone

The limits for deviations of a bore or an outside diameter are applicable to measurements in radial planes situated
at a distance greater than “a” from the side face or flange face of the ring. The values of “a” are given in Table 5.

Only the maximum material size applies outside the measurement zone.

Table 5 — Measurement zone limits

Dimensions in millimetres
rs min
a
> u

— 0,6 rs max + 0,5

0,6 — 1,2 ´ rs max

5.8 Preparation before measuring

Any grease or corrosion inhibitor adhering to the bearing shall be removed if it is likely to affect the measured
results. Before measuring, the bearing should be lubricated with a low viscosity oil.

The accuracy of measurements may be adversely affected for pre-lubricated bearings and some designs of sealed
and shielded bearings. To eliminate any discrepancy, the measurements shall be made with open bearings, i.e.
after removing the seals/shields and/or lubricant.

NOTE Immediately after completion of the measurements, the bearing should be protected with a corrosion inhibitor.

5.9 Reference face for measurements

The reference face is designated by the bearing manufacturer and is usually the datum for measurements.

NOTE The reference face for the measurement of a ring is generally taken as the unmarked face. In the case of
symmetrical rings when it is not possible to identify the reference face, the tolerances are deemed to apply relative to either
face.

The reference face of a shaft washer and housing washer of a thrust bearing is that face intended to support axial
load and is generally opposite the raceway.

6 © ISO 2001 – All rights reserved

 Provläsningsexemplar / Preview

ISO 1132-2:2001(E)

In the case of single-row angular contact ball bearing rings and tapered roller bearing rings, the reference face is
the “back face” which is intended to support axial load.

For bearings with flanged outer rings, the reference face is the flange face intended to support axial load.

6 Measuring and gauging principles and methods

6.1 General

Principles for measuring and gauging are shown for the applicable definitions in ISO 1132-1. Methods are
described as they apply to various bearing types in clauses 7 to 16 of this part of ISO 1132. Where more than one
method is shown, a primary method is identified. Many terms in ISO 1132-1 are derivatives of measured features
and they are so identified in the comments.

Measurements of geometrical accuracy (e.g. deviation from circular, cylindrical and spherical form) are as specified
in ISO 4291.

6.2 Format of clauses

The format of clauses 7 to 16 is arranged in three parts.

a) The title identifying the principle and method including the clause numbering.

b) The left hand column entitled “Method” shows:

¾ a figure illustrating the method;

¾ essential characteristics of the method;

¾ the readings to be taken;

¾ required repetitions.

c) The right hand column entitled “Comments” is used for supplementary information, e.g.:

¾ a particular application;

¾ any restrictions in application;

¾ any particular sources of error;

¾ any particular requirements as to equipment;

¾ examples of equipment;

¾ treatment of readings obtained.

6.3 Caution

Consideration has not been given to the influence of the accuracy and design of the measuring equipment or to the
skill of the operator. These factors sometimes have a significant influence on the resulting measurement or gauged
assessment.

The measuring and gauging principles and methods are not illustrated in detail and are not intended for application
on end-product drawings.

© ISO 2001 – All rights reserved 7