M O THEORY

2. The filling of molecular orbital takes place according to __________

a) The Aufbau Principle
b) Pauli Exclusion Principle
c) Hund’s rule of maximum multiplicity
d) All of the mentioned
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: According to these principles, molecular orbitals are filled in order of increasing energy. Two
electrons in the same orbital cannot have the same set of all four quantum numbers identical.

3. Bond Order of O 2, F2 , N2 respectively are __________

a) +1, +2, +3
b) +2, +3, +1
c) +2, +1, +3
d) +3, +2, +1
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: Bond Order=[[Number of electrons in bonding molecular orbital]-[Number of electrons in
antibonding molecular orbital]]/2.

4. Arrange the following molecules in decreasing bond length.

a) O2 > O2– > O2+ > O22-
b) O22- > O2– > O2 > O2+
c) O22- > O2– > O2+ > O2
d) O2– > O2+ > O22- > O2
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: The bond length is inversely proportional to the bond order. Therefore, the correct is:
O22- > O2– > O2 > O2+.

5. Arrange the following molecules in the order of increasing stability.

a) N2+ < N2 < N2– < N22-
b) N22- < N2– < N2 < N2+
c) N22- < N2– = N2+ < N2
d) N2 < N2+ = N2– < N22-
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: The order of stability is directly proportional to the bond order. Therefore, the correct order of
stability is N22- < N2– = N2+ < N2.

6. On the basis of molecular orbital theory, select the most appropriate option.
a) The bond order of O 2 is 2.5 and it is paramagnetic
b) The bond order of O 2 is 1.5 and it is paramagnetic
c) The bond order of O 2 is 2 and it is diamagnetic
d) The bond order of O2 is 2 and it is paramagnetic
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: Oxygen is paramagnetic in nature and its bond order is 2. It is an exceptional case.

7. Which of the following molecule does not exist due to its zero bond order?
a) H2+
b) He2+
c) He2
d) H2–
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: Molecular orbital electronic configuration of He2 molecule = (σ1s)2 (σ*1s)2. Bond order = 0, so
He2 molecule does not exist.

1. Which of the following molecule is not homonuclear?

a) H2
b) N2
c) NO
d) O2
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: NO is Heteronuclear diatomic molecule in which atomic number of nitrogen is 7 and that of oxygen
is 8 i.e., total number of electrons = 15.

2. Bond order of NO+ molecule is _________

a) 2
b) 3
c) 2.5
d) 4
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: Bond order = (10-4)/2 = 3.

3. Which of the following molecule is least stable?

a) NO+
b) N2
c) NO
d) O2
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: In NO molecule there is a significant difference of about 250 kJ/mol in the energy of atomic
orbitals involved.

4. The molecular orbital electronic configuration of HF molecule is _________

a) 1s2 2s2 σspx2 [2py2 2pz2] σspx*
b) 1s2 2s2 σspx2 [2px2 2py2] σspx*
c) 1s2 2s2 σspx2 [2px2 2pz2] σspx*
d) 1s2 2s2 σspx2 [2px4] σspx*
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: HF molecule has 10 electrons and its electronic configuration is 1s 2 2s2 σspx2 [2py2 2pz2] σspx*.

5. From the following options, choose the heteronuclear diatomic molecules which are paramagnetic in nature?
a) HF and NO
b) HF and O2
c) NO and O2
d) Only NO
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: HF is diamagnetic in nature and O 2 is homonuclear molecule. So, only NO is a heteronuclear
diatomic molecule that is paramagnetic in nature.
LIQUID CRYSTAL

1. The full form of LCD is ____________

a) Liquid Crystal Display
b) Liquid Crystalline Display
c) Logical Crystal Display
d) Logical Crystalline Display
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: The full form of LCD is “Liquid Crystal Display”. They provide thinner displays as compared to
Cathode Ray Tubes.

2. The optical properties of liquid crystals depend on the direction of ___________

a) Air
b) Solid
c) Light
d) Water
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: The optical properties of liquid crystals depend on the direction of light travels through a layer of
the material.

3. By which properties, the orientation of molecules in a layer of liquid crystals can be changed?
a) Magnetic field
b) Electric field
c) Electromagnetic field
d) Gallois field
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: In LCD, the electric field is induced by a small electric voltage applied across it; Due to which the
orientation of molecules in a layer of liquid crystals can be changed.

4. Electro-optical effect is produced in ___________

a) LED
b) LCD
c) OFC
d) OLED
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: An electric field (induced by a small electric voltage) can change the orientation of molecules in a
layer of liquid crystal and thus affect its optical properties. Such a process is termed an electro-optical effect,
and it forms the basis for LCDs.

5. The direction of electric field in an LCD is determined by ___________

a) the molecule’s chemical structure
b) Crystalline surface structure
c) Molecular Orbital Theory
d) Quantum Cellular Automata
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: For LCDs, the change in optical properties results from orienting the molecular axes either along
or perpendicular to the applied electric field, the preferred direction being determined by the details of the
molecule’s chemical structure.

6. The first LCDs became commercially available in ___________

a) 1950s
b) 1980s
c) 1960s
GRAPHITE

1. Graphite has layered _________ structure.

a) Three dimensional structure
b) Pyramidal
c) Planar
d) Bipyramidal
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: Graphite has layered planar structure. The individual layers are called as graphene. In each layer
is arranged in the honey comb lattice.

2. The distance between the planes of the graphite is _________

a) 0.876nm
b) 0.223nm
c) 0.124nm
d) 0.410nm
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: The distance between the planes is 0.410nm. Atoms in the plane are bonded covalently with three
of the four potential bonding sites satisfied.

3. Bonding between the layers is _________

a) Strong
b) Weak
c) Very tightly bonded
d) Not bonded
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: Bonding between the layers is weak vander waals forces. The covalent bonds are present in
between the atoms of the planes.

4. The graphite is _________ anisotropic.

a) Highly
b) Lightly
c) Not
d) Very less
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: The graphite is highly anisotropic. Since the phonons propagate quickly along the tightly bound
planes but are slower to travel from one place to another.

5. In oxygen containing atmospheres, the graphite readily converted into _________

a) Carbon-monoxide
b) Carbondioxide
c) Carbonmonosulphide
d) Carbon-disulphide
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: In oxygen containing atmospheres, the graphite readily converted into carbondioxide at
temperatures of 700oC and above.

6. Graphite is used in the arc lamp electrode.

a) True
b) False
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: Graphite is a good conductor of electricity. It conducts electricity due its large de localisation of
electrons. So, Graphite is used in the arc lamp electrodes.

7. The graphite undergoes ________ corrosion in stainless steel.

a) Microbial corrosion
b) Crevice corrosion
c) Pitting corrosion
d) High temperature corrosion
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: The graphite undergoes pitting corrosion in stainless steel. The creation of the small holes on the
surface of the metal is called pitting corrosion.

8. The graphite is __________

a) Paramagnetic
b) Diamagnetic
c) Ferromagnetic
d) Ferrimagnetic
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: The graphite is diamagnetic. It will float in the mid air above the strong magnet. Sometimes
graphite loses its lubricating properties.

9. Graphite is also called as ________

a) White lead
b) Black lead
c) White coal
d) Black coal
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: The graphite is also called as black lead. It has another name called as the plumbago. It is used in
its massive mineral form.

10. Natural graphite is mostly used in _________

a) Refrigerators
b) Laboratories
c) Catalyst
d) Fuel
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: The graphite is used mostly in refrigerators. It is also used in batteries, steel making, expanded
graphite, brake linings, foundry facings and lubricants.
NANOTECH

1. Nanomaterials are the materials with at least one dimension measuring less than ___________
a) 1 nm
b) 10 nm
c) 100 nm
d) 1000 nm
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: A material with at least one of its dimensions measuring less than 100 nm (1 to 100nm) are
classified as nanomaterials.

2. A material with one dimension in Nano range and the other two dimensions are large is called ___________
a) Micro-material
b) Quantum wire
c) Quantum well
d) Quantum dot
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: Such a material with one dimension in Nano range and other two large is called quantum well. A
material with two of the three dimensions in the nano range and third large is called quantum wire. When all the
dimensions are in nano range, it is called quantum dot.

3. The colour of the nano gold particles is ___________

a) Yellow
b) Orange
c) Red
d) Variable
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: The colour of the nano gold particle varies with the size of the particles. It shows different colours
like orange, red, purple, or greenish.

4. The melting point of particles in nano form ___________

a) Increases
b) Decreases
c) Remains same
d) Increases then decreases
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: For the particles in the nano form, the melting point reduces significantly. Other chemical
properties are also changed as the dimensions of the object comes in the nano range.

5. The first talk about nano-technology was given by ___________

a) Albert Einstein
b) Newton
c) Gordon E. Moore
d) Richard Feynman
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: In 1959, Richer Feynman gave a speech in which he spoke of nano-science and nano-technology.
He talked about the possibility of manipulating individual atoms and molecules.

6. Which of the processes of materials was not described as Nanotechnology?

a) Separation
b) Creation
c) Processing
d) Consolidation
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: Nanotechnology, as defined by Professor N. Taniguchi, consists of the processing, separation,
consolidation and deformation of materials by one atom or by one molecule. It is used exclusively for the
nanomaterials.

7. The initial tools used to help launch the nanoscience revolution were ___________
a) Binoculars
b) Microscope
c) Scanning probe instruments
d) Interferometer
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: Scanning probe instruments were the initial tools used by the scientist. In these instruments, the
probe slides along the surface of the specimen.

8. When semiconductors are reduced to nanometres they become pure conductors.

a) True
b) False
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: When semiconductors are reduced to the nano form their chemical properties change significantly
and they become insulators, as there is no more space for free electrons to move.

9. The major difference between the nano materials compared to the bulk form is the big fraction of the total
number of atoms on the surface.
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: As the bulk material is changed into nano form, the number of atoms on the surface turns out to
be a large fraction of the total number of atoms present in the material. Due to this, the whole physical/chemical
properties of the material changes.

10. The size of atoms is nearly ____________

a) 0.01 nm
b) 0.1 nm
c) 1 nm
d) 10 nm
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: The size of the atoms is nearly 0.1 nm. The smallest naturally occurring atom, helium, is 0.1 nm in
size. Thus, nanotechnology can be used to study their characteristics and properties or even control them