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Pages From Concepts of Modern Physics

This document contains 38 exercises related to quantum mechanics and harmonic oscillators. The exercises cover topics like calculating transmission probabilities of particles through barriers using the Schrodinger equation, properties of harmonic oscillator wave functions and energy levels, uncertainty principle, zero-point energy, and tunneling effects.

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82 views

Pages From Concepts of Modern Physics

This document contains 38 exercises related to quantum mechanics and harmonic oscillators. The exercises cover topics like calculating transmission probabilities of particles through barriers using the Schrodinger equation, properties of harmonic oscillator wave functions and energy levels, uncertainty principle, zero-point energy, and tunneling effects.

Uploaded by

ashukla_rgipt
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Exercises 199

25. A beam of electrons is incident on a barrier 6.00 eV high and amplitude such that its bob rises a maximum of 1.00 mm
0.200 nm wide. Use Eq. (5.60) to find the energy they should above its equilibrium position. What is the corresponding
have if 1.00 percent of them are to get through the barrier. quantum number?
34. Show that the harmonic-oscillator wave function 1 is a solu-
5.11 Harmonic Oscillator tion of Schrödinger’s equation.
26. Show that the energy-level spacing of a harmonic oscillator is in 35. Repeat Exercise 34 for 2.
accord with the correspondence principle by finding the ratio
36. Repeat Exercise 34 for 3.
En En between adjacent energy levels and seeing what hap-
pens to this ratio as n → .
Appendix: The Tunnel Effect
27. What bearing would you think the uncertainty principle has on
the existence of the zero-point energy of a harmonic oscillator? 37. Consider a beam of particles of kinetic energy E incident on a
28. In a harmonic oscillator, the particle varies in position from A to potential step at x  0 that is U high, where E  U (Fig. 5.19).
A and in momentum from p0 to p0. In such an oscillator, (a) Explain why the solution Deikx (in the notation of
the standard deviations of x and p are x  A2  and p  appendix) has no physical meaning in this situation, so that D
p02 . Use this observation to show that the minimum energy of  0. (b) Show that the transmission probability here is T 
a harmonic oscillator is
21
h. CC*AA*1  4k21(k1  k)2. (c) A 1.00-mA beam of elec-
trons moving at 2.00  106 m/s enters a region with a sharply
29. Show that for the n  0 state of a harmonic oscillator whose defined boundary in which the electron speeds are reduced to
classical amplitude of motion is A, y  1 at x  A, where y is 1.00  106 m/s by a difference in potential. Find the transmit-
the quantity defined by Eq. (5.67). ted and reflected currents.
30. Find the probability density 02 dx at x  0 and at x  A of 38. An electron and a proton with the same energy E approach a
a harmonic oscillator in its n  0 state (see Fig. 5.13). potential barrier whose height U is greater than E. Do they have
31. Find the expectation values x and x2 for the first two states the same probability of getting through? If not, which has the
of a harmonic oscillator. greater probability?

32. The potential energy of a harmonic oscillator is U 


12
kx2.
Show that the expectation value U of U is E02 when the E
oscillator is in the n  0 state. (This is true of all states of the E–U
harmonic oscillator, in fact.) What is the expectation value of U
the oscillator’s kinetic energy? How do these results compare
with the classical values of U and KE?
Energy
I II
33. A pendulum with a 1.00-g bob has a massless string 250 mm
long. The period of the pendulum is 1.00 s. (a) What is its
zero-point energy? Would you expect the zero-point oscillations
to be detectable? (b) The pendulum swings with a very small Figure 5.19

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