3d Far Field Middle East Cs

CASE STUDY
3D Far-Field Sonic and Borehole Imaging Confirm

Fault in Lieu of Seismic Data
Automated workflow for structural dip and azimuth in complex carbonate reservoir
resolves modeling uncertainties, Middle East
CHALLENGE Structural uncertainty without surface seismic data
Resolve structural uncertainties resulting from Surface seismic surveys had not been conducted in a Middle East field because of surface constraints.
the lack of a surface seismic survey to define This lack of data created uncertainties in the structural setting for defining the appraisal target
the appraisal target in a carbonate reservoir. in the carbonate reservoir.
SOLUTION Automated time picking, ray tracing, and 3D STC
■ Perform 3D far-field sonic service on FMI microimager logs in the main well and sidetrack showed the depth and orientation of a possible
waveforms acquired by the Sonic Scanner* fault cutting across both wells. To pinpoint the position of the fault away from the wells and deep
acoustic scanning platform by applying into the reservoir, Schlumberger proposed conducting 3D far-field sonic service. The service applies
automated event identification and a patented end-to-end workflow to data obtained with eight azimuthal sensors at 13 receiver stations
analysis to map and characterize the of the Sonic Scanner platform.
corresponding reflectors.
The 3D far-field sonic service automates time picking to rapidly and consistently analyze thousands
■ Integrate the 3D sonic imaging results
of shot gathers to identify reflection events. Ray tracing inversion of the time picks and 3D slowness-
with wellbore images from the FMI*
time-coherence (STC) analysis of the underlying arrival event determine each event’s type and
fullbore formation microimager to confirm
position to efficiently guide the smart migration workflow. The resulting 3D sonic image produced
fault delineation.
in the Techlog* wellbore software platform is consistent with the event type and orientation of the
RESULTS true reflections, with their direct association providing strong quality control.
Confirmed the presence of the possible fault
through abrupt changes in reflector dip and
a drag effect, in alignment with the wellbore
images, to resolve uncertainty in updating the
structural model.
The 3D STC reflector discs imaging the dip and azimuth are shown with the migrated monopole image along the wellbore.
Formation Evaluation
CASE STUDY: 3D far-field sonic service confirms fault in lieu of seismic data, Middle East
3D Far-Field Sonic Service FMI Microimager

N N
W E W E
S S
Classification Classification
Bed Boundary Fault, open
Fracture Fracture, open
General bedding
Possible fault
Depth, Gamma Ray True dip True dip
ft 0 gAPI 150 0 ° 90 0 ° 90
X,X50
X,X75
X,X00
X,X25
Dip and azimuth from 3D sonic imaging in Track 3 confirm far-field structural changes interpreted in Track 2 from
the FMI microimager above and below the fault identified at about X,X85–X,X95 ft.
Fault projection from the wells across the reservoir

The results of 3D far-field sonic service and the near-wellbore image logs were integrated to trace
the possible fault across the reservoir. One of the projected surfaces from the main well matched
the expected depth of the formation top in the sidetrack but two were offset due to the possible
presence of the fault.
The fault’s presence was confirmed by parallel evaluation of the azimuthal sonic-imaging data
acquired in the main well that showed an abrupt change in the relative dip of reflectors above
and below the possible fault plane using the service’s 3D STC analysis and ray tracing. Dip
patterns from both wells also showed a drag effect around the offset formation tops, providing
further confirmation.
With the fault’s position determined, the uncertainty in the structural model could be resolved
in the Petrel* E&P software platform.
For additional details, see N. Bennett et al., “Borehole Acoustic Imaging Using 3D STC
and Ray Tracing to Determine Far-Field Reflector Dip and Azimuth,” Petrophysics 60, no. 2
(April 2019), 335–347.
slb.com/3DSonic
*Mark of Schlumberger
Other company, product, and service names are the properties of their
respective owners.
Copyright © 2020 Schlumberger. All rights reserved. 20-FE-5840384

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CASE STUDY

3D Far-Field Sonic and Borehole Imaging Confirm

3D Far-Field Sonic Service FMI Microimager

Fault projection from the wells across the reservoir

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