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    UG-39 - Flat Head Reinforcement

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    Ashish Dhok
    This document provides guidelines for reinforcement of openings in flat heads according to ASME VIII Division 1 UG-39. Openings below a certain diameter do not require reinforcement if they meet spacing requirements. Larger openings and clusters of openings must be reinforced either by individual pads or by increasing the total flat head thickness. Reinforcement methods and sizing requirements are described in attachments for single openings, multiple openings, and rim openings.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    UG-39 - Flat Head Reinforcement

    Uploaded by

    Ashish Dhok
    1K views3 pages
    This document provides guidelines for reinforcement of openings in flat heads according to ASME VIII Division 1 UG-39. Openings below a certain diameter do not require reinforcement if they meet spacing requirements. Larger openings and clusters of openings must be reinforced either by individual pads or by increasing the total flat head thickness. Reinforcement methods and sizing requirements are described in attachments for single openings, multiple openings, and rim openings.

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    UG-39_flat head reinforcement

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    This document provides guidelines for reinforcement of openings in flat heads according to ASME VIII Division 1 UG-39. Openings below a certain diameter do not require reinforcement if they meet spacing requirements. Larger openings and clusters of openings must be reinforced either by individual pads or by increasing the total flat head thickness. Reinforcement methods and sizing requirements are described in attachments for single openings, multiple openings, and rim openings.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    1K views3 pages

    UG-39 - Flat Head Reinforcement

    Uploaded by

    Ashish Dhok
    This document provides guidelines for reinforcement of openings in flat heads according to ASME VIII Division 1 UG-39. Openings below a certain diameter do not require reinforcement if they meet spacing requirements. Larger openings and clusters of openings must be reinforced either by individual pads or by increasing the total flat head thickness. Reinforcement methods and sizing requirements are described in attachments for single openings, multiple openings, and rim openings.

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    The passage discusses reinforcement requirements for openings in flat heads according to ASME VIII Division 1 UG-39.

    The two types of reinforcement that can be provided are individual reinforcement (Type-1) and increasing the total thickness of the flat head (Type-2).

    Individual reinforcement must meet requirements for reinforcement area, location and spacing between openings according to diagrams and formulas given.

    FLAT HEAD OPENING REINFORCEMENT-UG39 OF SEC VIII DIV 1

    A) THE FOLLOWING CONDITIONAL OPENINGS IN FLATHEAD DO NOT REQUIRE


    REINFORCEMENT: (UG-36 C 3)
    1. FINISHED OPENING FOR WELDED CONNECTIONS HAVING 3 ½ “ DIAMETER –
    IN HEADS 10mm OR LESS IN THICKNESS
    FINISHED OPENING FOR WELDED CONNECTIONS HAVING 2 3/8” DIAMETER –
    IN HEADS OVER 10mm THICKNESS
    2. NO TWO ISOLATED UNREINFORCED ABOVE SAID OPENINGS SHALL HAVE
    THEIR CENTERS CLOSER TO EACH OTHER THAN SUM OF THEIR DIAMETERS.
    3. NO TWO UNREINFORCED OPENINGS, IN A CLUSTER OF THREE OR MORE
    UNREIFORCED OPENINGS IN ACCORDENCE WITH ABOVE 1,SHALL HAVE THEIR
    CENTERS CLOSER TO EACH OTHER THAN 2.5 *(d1+d2), WHERE d1 & d2 ARE
    FINISHED OPENINGS OF TWOADJACENT OPENINGS.

    FINISHED OPENINGS HAVING DIAMETER MORE THAN STATED AS ABOVE SHALL


    BE REINFORCED AS STATED IN ATTACHMENT 1 & 2.
    THE REINFORCEMENT CAN BE GIVEN IN TWO WAYS.
    1.INDIVIDUAL REINFORCEMENT (TYPE –1: REFER ATTACHMENT 1)
    2. INCREASING TOTAL FLAT HEAD THICKNESS. (TYPE –2: REFER ATTACHMENT 2).
    ATTACHMENT 1.: Individual Reinforcement
    FLAT HEAD OPENING REINFORCEMENT AS PER UG-39 OF ASME VIII- DIV 1.

    SINGLE OPENING

    YES NO MULTIPLE OPENING (CONSIDER EACH PAIR)


    UG-39b(2)
    d<= D/2 d<=D/2 , DESIGN
    NO NO
    NO (UG-39(c))
    Ad<=D/4 AS PER U2g
    YES (UG-39(b))

    As per UG-39 b (1) YES


    UG-39b(2)
    REQUIRED AREA
    A=0.5*d*t+t*tn*(1-fr1) IF L>=2*Ad
    NO
    YES
    FOLLOW FIG.UG-37.1 PROVIDE INDIVIDUAL
    FORMULAS TO FIND OUT REINFORCEMENT
    REQUIRED PAD AREA . FOLLOW FIG. UG-37.1 TO FIND
    OUT PAD AREA REQUIRED

    As per UG-39 c (1) L>=1.25*Ad


    No NO DESIGN
    DESIGN THE FLAT HEAD AS PER AS PER U2g
    APPENDIX 14 & 2
    YES

    1.FIND INDIVIDUAL REQUIRED


    REINFORCEMENT OF EACH FINISHED
    d : NOZZLE OPENING DIAMETER OPENING PAIR. (A1 & A2) AND FIND A1+A2.
    (CORRODED) 2.REINFORCEMENT SHALL BE PROVIDED
    D : HEAD DIAMETER (AS PER UG-34)
    SUCH AWAY THAT 50%OF REINFORCEMENT
    Ad : AVERAGE DIAMETER OF PAIR
    A : REQUIRED REINFORCEMENT AREA IS LOCATED BETWEEN THE TWO OPENINGS
    L : SPACING BETWEEN TWO OPENINGS
    (PITCH) ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS (UG-39 b(3))
    t: REQUIRED THICKNESS OF FLAT HEAD
    1. THE WIDTH OF LIGAMENT BETWEEN TWO
    tn: Nozzle thickness
    fr1: Sn/Sv ADJACENT OPENING SHALL NOT BE LESS
    THAN ¼ OF SMALL DIA IN THE PAIR
    2.EDGE LIGAMENT ALSO SHALL BE AS
    ABOVE (1) OF ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS.
    ATTACHMENT 2.:- Increasing total flat head thickness.
    FLAT HEAD OPENING REINFORCEMENT AS PER UG-39 OF ASME VIII DIV 1.

    SINGLE OPENING

    YES NO MULTIPLE OPENINGS

    d<=D/2 NO DESIGN AS
    d<=D/2 , Ad<=D/4 UG-39(e)
    PER U2-G
    NO (UG-39c)
    YES
    YES (UG-39d)
    FIND THE REQUIRED THICKNESS IF L>=2*Ad
    OF FLAT HEAD INCLUDING
    REINFORCEMENT YES
    UG-39(e)(1) NO
    1. FOR FORMULA 1 OR 3 OF UG-34 (C) ,
    USE C= 2*C OR 0.75 WHICHEVER UG- 39 (e) (2)
    DESIGN AS
    IS LESS EXCEPT THAT FOR SKETCHES NO PER U2-G
    L >= 1.25* Ad
    (b-1),(b-2),e , f , g & i OF FIG UG34, UG 39(e)(3)
    [ UG-39(d)(1)]
    YES UG-39(e)(2)
    USE C=2*C OR 0.5 WHICHEVER IS LESS
    2.FOR FORMULA 2 OR 5 OF UG-34 (C), THE REQUIRED THICKNESS(AS PER
    DOUBLE THE QUANTITY UNDER 1 & 2) SHALL BE MULTIPLIED BY FACTOR h.
    THE SQUARE ROOT.[ UG-39(d)(2)] h = Sqrt (0.5/e)
    e =(P-Ad)/P
    e shall be chosed smallest among the pair

    Reinforcement of Rim openings


    UG- 39 (c)(2)
    th = 1.44*t….For L>=2Ad ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS
    th = t/sqrt(e)…For L< 2Ad 1.THE WIDTH OF LIGAMENT BETWEEN TWO
    ADJACENT OPENING SHALL NOT BE LESS
    d : NOZZLE OPENING DIAMETER THAN ¼ OF SMALL DIA IN THE PAIR
    (CORRODED) UG39 (e) (4)
    D : HEAD DIAMETER (AS PER UG-34) 2.EDGE LIGAMENT ALSO SHALL BE AS
    Ad : AVERAGE DIAMETER OF PAIR ABOVE (1) OF ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS.
    A : REQUIRED REINFORCEMENT AREA UG39 (e)(5)
    L : SPACING BETWEEN TWO OPENINGS
    (PITCH) = P
    t: REQUIRED THICKNESS OF FLAT HEAD AS
    PER APP-14

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