Name________________________________Section_____________Date_____________

HEREDITY: INHERITANCE AND VARIATION

This section presents activities which focus on the different patterns of Non-Mendellian
inheritance and location of genes in chromosomes. Refer your answers on page 28-46 of
Science Learner's Module.

Incomplete Dominance
I. Complete each statement.
1. The type of inheritance in which the heterozygote shows a phenotype that is intermediate
between the two homozygous phenotypes is called ________________________.
2. The result in a third phenotype in which the expressed physical trait is a combination of the
__________________ and __________________ phenotypes.
3. For example, when a homozygous recessive red flower parent is crossed to a homozygous
dominant white flower, their offspring is heterozygous______________ flower.
4. _____________________ is the method by which one can determine the possible
genotypes and phenotypes when two parents are crossed.

II. Punnet Square. Refer to the info provided in table 1. Then write the genotype and
phenotype of the four offspring in the table 2.
A red (RR) flower is crossed to a white (WW) flower.
Table 1. Parents' genotype and phenotype.
Parent Genotype Phenotype

RR red

WW white

R R

W
RW RW

W RW RW

Table 2. Offspring's genotype and phenotype.

Genotype Phenotype
Offspring
Number % Number %

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2. Fill the tables with correct information.

A pink (RW) flower is crossed to a red (RR) flower.

Table 1. Parents' genotype and phenotype.

Parent Genotype Phenotype

____________________ _____________________

__________ Genotype: ________ Genotype:________

Genotype: ________ Genotype:________

____________

Table 2. Offspring's genotype and phenotype.

Genotype Phenotype
Offspring
Number % Number %

3. Determine the genotype and phenotype of the offspring when pink flower is crossed to a
white flower.

____________________ _____________________

__________ Genotype: ________ Genotype:________

Phenotype: ________ Phenotype: ________
Genotype: ________ Genotype:________
Phenotype: ________ Phenotype: ________
____________
a. There are _________ white(WW) flower offspring and ________ pink (RW) flower
offspring.

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Codominance
I. Complete each statement.

1. In codominance, both _____________ are expressed ________________ in the

phenotype of the heterozygote.
2. ________ cows refers to cows with red hair and white blotches.
3. _________ is a different form gene that controls a trait.
4. _______________are reproductive cells that unite during sexual reproduction to form a
new cell.

II. Punnet Square.

1. Determine the genotype and phenotype of the calves when a white (WW) bull is mated to a
red (RR) cow.

____W_____ _______W________

Genotype:________ Genotype:________

Genotype: ________ Genotype:________

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Table 1. Offspring's genotype and phenotype.

Genotype Phenotype
Offspring
Number % Number %

2. A roan (RW) cow is mated to a white (WW) bull. Determine phenotype and genotype of the
offspring.

____W_____ _______W________

R Genotype:________ Genotype:________
Phenotype: _______ Phenotype: _______

Genotype: ________ Genotype:________

Phenotype: _______ Phenotype: _______

a. There are ________ roan calf/ves and _________ white calf/ves.

Multiple alleles
I. Complete the sentence.
1. This occurs when two or more alleles control the inheritance of a character is called
_______________________________.
2. An example of a character governed by multiple alleles is _________________.
3. The three alleles, _______, ________, and ________ are responsible for the blood
system.
4. The presence or absence of _____________ determines the ABO blood type.
5. There are four blood phenotypes: _____, ______, ______, and ______.
The genotype of blood type A is _________ and _________.
The genotype of blood type B is _________ and _________.
The genotype of blood type AB is _________.
The genotype of blood type O is _________.
6. The recessive allele over IA and IB is ___________.
7. IA and IB are ____________________ to each other.

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Punnet Square

1. Determine the genotype and phenotype of the offspring. Write your answers in the blank
provided.

A heterozygous A (IAi) mother married a homozygous B (IBIB) father. Determine the

blood types of their children.

_IA _ i_

IB
Genotype:________ Genotype:________
Phenotype: _______ Phenotype: _______

IB

Genotype: ________ Genotype:________

Phenotype: _______ Phenotype: _______

a. There are __________ or ________% blood type A.

b. There are __________ or ________% blood type AB.
c. There are __________ or ________% blood type B.

2. Determine the genotype and phenotype of the offspring. Write your answers in the blank
provided.

A blood type O (ii) mother married a homozygous A (IAIA) father. Determine the blood
types of their children.

_i i_

Genotype:________ Genotype:________
IA Phenotype: _______ Phenotype: _______

Genotype: ________ Genotype:________

Phenotype: _______ Phenotype: _______
IA
a. There are __________ or ________% blood type IAIA.
b. There are __________ or ________% blood type IAi.
c. There are __________ or ________% blood type O.

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Sex Chromosomes and Sex Determination

Complete each statement.
1. Humans have ______ chromosomes in each cell.
2. There are _____ pairs of chromosomes for both males and females.
3. The 22 pairs are ____________ chromosomes while ___rd pair is consists of sex
chromosomes.
4. Female has a genotype of ______ while ________ has a genotype of XY.
5. There is a ______% chance of having a male or female.
Sex Linked Genes
Complete each statement.
1. Genes located on the X-chromosomes are called ___________________ while
genes located on the Y-chromosomes are called _______________________.
2. Examples of X-linked genes are ___________________ and __________________.
3. Example of Y-linked genes is ______________________________or ___________.
4. In X-linked genes, both sons and daughters _______________ the disorder while
the _______________________ are the carrier of the disorder.
5. In Y-linked genes, only _____ inherit the disorder and are the carrier of the disorder.

Indicate the phenotype of the following persons. Refer your answers to the alleles below.
X-normal Xc-Color-blind

Genotype Phenotype
XX

XY

XcXc

XXc

XcY

Indicate the genotype of the following persons. Refer your answers to the alleles below.

X-normal XH-Hemophiliac

Genotype Phenotype
Hemophiliac female

Hemophiliac male

Normal female carrier of the gene

Normal male

Normal female

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Punnet Square

1. Determine the genotype and phenotype of the offspring. Write your answers in the blank
provided.
A normal mother (XX) married a hairy-eared (XYHE) father.

_______ ______

___ Genotype:________ Genotype:________

Phenotype: _______ Phenotype: _______

Genotype: ________ Genotype:________

___ Phenotype: _______ Phenotype: _______

a. There are _____ or _____% normal sons.

b. There are _____ or _____% normal daughter.
c. There are _____ or _____% hairy-eared sons.

2. Determine the genotype and phenotype of the offspring. Write your answers in the blank
provided.
A color-blind mother (XcXc) married a normal (XY) father.

____ ____

___ Genotype:________ Genotype:________

Phenotype: _______ Phenotype: _______

Genotype: ________ Genotype:________

___ Phenotype: _______ Phenotype: _______

a. There are _____ or _____% normal sons.

b. There are _____ or _____% normal daughter.
c. There are _____ or _____% color-blind sons.
d. There are _____ or _____% color-blind daughter.
e. There are _____ or _____% normal female, carrier of the disorder.

Sex-Limited and Sex-Influenced Genes

Complete each statement
1. Sex-limited and sex-influenced traits are found in ________________ chromosomes.
2. Sex-limited traits are expressed in only one ________________.
3. Example of sex-limited trait is ___________________.

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4. ______________________________ are expressed in both sexes but more frequently

in one than in the other sex.
5. Example of sex-influenced trait is ___________________.
Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid: The Genetic Material
Complete each statement.
1. The shape of DNA is ________________ __________________.
2. DNA is composed of a __________________, ____________________ and
________________________.
3. DNA was discovered by ___________________ and __________________.
4. The four nitrogenous bases are ________________, _________________,
______________________ and ___________________.
5. Adenine pairs with _________________ while guanine pairs with _________________.
Crossword puzzle
5

1 2

3 4

6 7

Across Down
1. Deoxyribose nucleic acid 2. Another term for body chromosomes.
3. Male hormone 4. Cattles with white and red coats
6. Blood system 5. Different form of gene
7. Intermediate color between red and white 7. Physical traits of the organism
8. Organism has Y-chromosome
9. Pairs of alleles

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TWO-TIER MULTIPLE CHOICE

Encircle the letter of the correct answer.

1. A. A white four o'clock flower is crossed with red four o'clock flower. Which of the
following colors is the color of their offspring?
a. White b. Red c. Pink d. Red and White
B. Why do you think so?
a. It follows the incomplete dominance pattern of inheritance.
b. It follows the codominance pattern of inheritance.
c. It follows the ABO system.
d. It follows the sex-related inheritance.
2. A. A heterozygous A mother married to a heterozygous B father. How many
chance will they have blood type O children?
a. 0% b. 25% c. 50% d. 75%
B. Why do you think so?
a. b.
IA
IA IA i
I B
I I
A B
I I
A B I B
I I
A B
I i
B

IB IAIB IAIB i IAi ii

c. d.
i IA IA
IA
i ii I i
A IB
I I
A B
I I
A B

i ii IAi i IAi IAi

3. A.The grandfather has hairy-eared son. His son married a girl who gave a birth to
son, too. How many chances that his grandson would have hairy ears too?
a. 0% b. 25% c. 50% d. 100%
B. Why do you think so?
a. Only male is the carrier of the disorder.
b. Only female is the carrier of the disorder.
c. Both male and female is the carrier of the disorder.
d. Neither male nor female is the carrier of the disorder.
4. A. More males have greater chances to be bald than the female. Which type of
sex-related of inheritance does the statement is observed?
a. Sex-linked b. Sex-limited c. Sex-influenced d. Sex chromosome
B. Why do you think so?
a. Amount of testosterone is higher in female than in male.
b. Amount of testosterone is higher in male than in female.
c. Baldness is linked to Y-chromosomes.
d. Baldness is only for males.
5. A. A woman married a color-blind man. Which sex of the offspring will be purely normal?
a. male b. female c. both d. None of them
B. Why do you think so?
a b. c. d.
X Yc X Yc X Y Xc Y
X XX XYc X XX XYc X XX XY X XXc XY
X XX XYc Xc XXc XcYc X XX XY X XXc XY

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