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2Q-S4 Graphing Polynomial Functions

This document discusses graphing polynomial functions. It defines key concepts like turning points and end behavior. The steps to graph a polynomial function are outlined, including finding intercepts and using a table of signs to determine the function's positive and negative values over intervals. An example problem demonstrates graphing the function f(x) = x-1(x-2)(x+3) by finding its intercepts, table of signs, and additional points to plot the graph. The document concludes with an activity asking the reader to graph another polynomial function by following the same process.

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Alice Krode
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94 views

2Q-S4 Graphing Polynomial Functions

This document discusses graphing polynomial functions. It defines key concepts like turning points and end behavior. The steps to graph a polynomial function are outlined, including finding intercepts and using a table of signs to determine the function's positive and negative values over intervals. An example problem demonstrates graphing the function f(x) = x-1(x-2)(x+3) by finding its intercepts, table of signs, and additional points to plot the graph. The document concludes with an activity asking the reader to graph another polynomial function by following the same process.

Uploaded by

Alice Krode
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Graphing

Polynomial
Functions
Learning Objectives
Describe and interpret the graph of
polynomial functions.

Graph polynomial functions.

Manifest perseverance in dealing with


problems.
James 1:12” Blessed is the man who remains steadfast under trial, for when
he has stood the test, he will receive the crown of life, which God has
promised to those who love him.”

2
A turning point is a point on the curve that is
higher or lower than all points located nearby. This
occurs when the function changes from sloping
upwards to sloping downwards or vice versa.

The total number of turning points on the


graph of a polynomial function of degree n is at
most n-1.

3
How to graph a
Polynomial Function:
Determine the end behavior of the graph using
the leading term test.

Find the y – intercept and x – intercepts of the


polynomial function.

Use the x – intercepts to divide the x – axis into


intervals and choose test points to determine the
sign of P(x) on each interval.

4
How to graph a
Polynomial Function:
Plot the x – and y – intercepts first and then find
additional points if needed to have a more
accurate graph.

Determine the general shape of the graph with


the aid of the listed characteristics of polynomial
functions.

5
Example 1: Graph 𝒇 𝒙 = 𝒙 − 𝟏 𝒙 − 𝟐 𝒙 + 𝟑 .
End behavior of the graph: 𝑥 3 (leading term), falls to the
left and rises to the right.

Solving for y – intercept, set x = 0.


y – intercept is 6. The ordered pairs is (0,6).

These three zeros divide the x – axis into four regions


Example 1: Graph 𝒇 𝒙 = 𝒙 − 𝟏 𝒙 − 𝟐 𝒙 + 𝟑 .

In these intervals, 𝑓 𝑥 ≠ 0, meaning y is either


positive (the graph is above the x – axis) or
negative (the graph is below the x – axis)
The following table of signs serves as an effective organizer
where we select test points by setting x to a convenient value
in the interval. We solve for the value of each factor and
determine whether this is positive or negative.

Intervals
Factors and
(−∞, −3) (−3,1) (1, 2) (2, +∞)
their Product
Say x = -4 Say x = 0 Say x = 1.5 Say x = 3
𝑥 − 1 is −𝟒 − 𝟏 = −𝟓 𝟎 − 𝟏 = −𝟏 𝟏. 𝟓 − 𝟏 = 𝟎. 𝟓 𝟑−𝟏=𝟐
𝑥 − 2 is −𝟒 − 𝟐 = −𝟔 𝟎 − 𝟐 = −𝟐 𝟏. 𝟓 − 𝟐 = −𝟎. 𝟓 𝟑−𝟐= 𝟏
𝑥 + 3 is −𝟒 + 𝟑 = −𝟏 𝟎+𝟑= 𝟑 𝟏. 𝟓 + 𝟑 = 𝟒. 𝟓 𝟑+𝟑=𝟔
𝑓 𝑥 = 𝑥−1 −𝟓 −𝟔 −𝟏 = −𝟏 −𝟐 𝟑 = 𝟎. 𝟓 −𝟎. 𝟓 𝟒. 𝟓 = 𝟐 𝟏 𝟔 =
(𝑥 − 2)(𝑥 + 3) is −𝟑𝟎 , Negative 𝟔 , Positive − 𝟏. 𝟏𝟐𝟓 , Negative 𝟏𝟐 , Positive
Graph is ______
below above below above
the x – axis
Plot first the
zeros and the (𝟎, 𝟔)
y – intercept. y - intercept

(𝟏, 𝟎) x - intercepts

(−𝟑, 𝟎) (𝟐, 𝟎)
From the table of signs, we can use the intervals as an
ordered pair in the graph to determine the general shape of
the graph or to obtain a reasonably accurate graph.

x -4 -1.5 -1 0 1.5 3
y 30 -12. 375 12 6 -1.125 12
ACTIVITY:
Graph 𝒇 𝒙 = 𝒙 − 𝟐 𝒙 + 𝟏 𝒙 − 𝟒 .
Identify and solve for the ff:
1. End behavior of the graph
2. No. of Turning Points
3. y – intercept
4. x – intercepts
5. Table of signs/Interval
6. Plot the x and y – intercept
7. Find and plot additional points.
8. Connect the points.
12
Let’s Try!
Ready!
Follow the order …
You can do this!
Fighting!
Brain Exercise!
Almost there?
Okay, let’s check!
ANSWER KEY!
Identify and solve for the ff:
1. End behavior of the graph – falls to the left and rises to the right
2. No. of Turning Points – 2 turning points
3. y – intercept:
𝒇 𝒙 = 𝒙 − 𝟐 𝒙 + 𝟏 𝒙 − 𝟒 , let x = 0.
𝒇 𝟎 = 𝟎−𝟐 𝟎+𝟏 𝟎−𝟒
𝒇 𝟎 = −𝟐 𝟏 −𝟒
𝒇 𝟎 = 𝟖, so the ordered pair for y – intercept is (0,8)

21
ANSWER KEY!
4. x – intercept: Set f(x) equal to 0.
𝟎= 𝒙−𝟐 𝒙+𝟏 𝒙−𝟒
Set each factor equal to 0.
𝒙−𝟐=𝟎 𝒙+𝟏=𝟎 𝒙−𝟒=𝟎
𝒙=𝟐 𝒙 = −𝟏 𝒙=𝟒

22
ANSWER KEY!
Intervals
Factors and
(−∞, −1) (−1,2) (2, 4) (4 + ∞)
their Product
Say x = -2 Say x = 1 Say x = 3 Say x = 5
𝑥 − 𝟐 is −𝟐 − 𝟐 = −𝟒 1 − 𝟐 = −𝟏 𝟑−𝟐=𝟏 𝟓−𝟐=𝟑
𝑥 + 𝟏 is −𝟐 + 𝟏 = −𝟏 𝟏+𝟏 =𝟐 𝟑+𝟏=𝟒 𝟓+𝟏=𝟔
𝑥 − 𝟒 is −𝟐 − 𝟒 = −𝟔 1 − 𝟒 = −𝟑 𝟑 − 𝟒 = −𝟏 𝟓−𝟒=𝟏
𝑓 𝑥 = 𝑥−𝟐 −4 −1 −6 = −𝟏 𝟐 −𝟑 = 1 4 −1 = 3 6 1 =
(𝑥 + 𝟏)(𝑥 − 𝟒) is −24 , Negative 𝟔 , Positive − 4 , Negative 𝟏8, Positive
Graph is ______
below above below above
the x – axis

23
Additional Point (0, 8) (0.21, 8.2087)

x -2 0.21 3
y -24 8.2087 4

(-1,0) (2,0) (4,0)

(3, -4)

24
Thanks!
25

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