Consumer Markets

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Consumer Markets

The consumer market pertains to buyers who purchase goods and services for
consumption rather than resale. However, not all consumers are alike in their tastes,
preferences and buying habits due to different characteristics that can distinguish
certain consumers from others. These particular consumer characteristics include
various demographic, psychographic, behaviorialistic and geographic traits.
Marketers usually define these consumer characteristics through market
segmentation, the process of separating and identifying key customer groups.

Demographic Characteristics of Consumer Markets

Characteristics of consumer markets based on demographics include differences in


gender, age, ethnic background, income, occupation, education, household size,
religion, generation, nationality and even social class. Most of these demographic
categories are further defined by a certain range. For example, companies may
identify the age of their consumers in the 18 to 24, 25 to 34, 35 to 54, 55 to 65, and
65+ age groups.
Companies often identify these demographic characteristics through market
research surveys used to discover which demographic groups comprise the majority
of their customer base. Companies can then target their advertising towards these
demographic groups. For example, a new cell phone may be targeted toward 18 to
24-year-olds with incomes between $25,000 and $50,000.

Psychographic Characteristics of Consumer Markets

Consumer market characteristics can also be psychographic in nature.


Psychographic characteristics of consumers include interests, activities, opinions,
values and attitudes. Obviously, many magazines are geared toward a consumer's
interest. For example, prenatal magazines target expectant mothers who are
interested in learning more about caring for a baby.
Additionally, consumer activities can include participation in martial arts or basket
weaving. Opinions and attitudes can be both specific or general. A company may
better understand consumer opinions and attitudes after conducting a focus group,
and can use that information to tailor advertising or marketing campaigns.
Consumer values can pertain to how a group of individuals feels about certain social
issues, which can be of interest to nonprofit or charitable organizations.

Behavioralistic Characteristics of Consumer Markets

Behavioralistic characteristics can also be garnered through marketing research.


Behavioralistic characteristics of consumer markets include product usage rates,
brand loyalty, user status or how long they have been a customer, and even benefits
that consumers seek. Companies like to know how often their consumers visit their
restaurants, stores or use their products.
Company marketing departments usually try to distinguish between heavy, medium
and light users, whom they can then target with advertising. Marketers like to know
which customers are brand loyalists, as those consumers usually only buy the
company's brand.

Geographic Characteristics of Consumer Markets

Consumer markets also have different geographic characteristics. These geographic


characteristics are often based on market size, region, population density and even
climate, according to the article "Market Segmentation" at netmba.com, a online
business reference site.
A small retailer may find opportunities in a small market in which larger
competitors have no interest. Companies that sell beachwear will likely sell more
products in warmer climates. Consumers in different regions of the country also
have different tastes in food and style.

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