21st Century Literary What is 21st Century - A narrative work in

Genre Literature? which the story is

What Does It Mean to Be • New literary work conveyed to the reader
Literate? created within the last using comic form.
Since technology has decade - The term is employed in
increased the intensity and • Written by contemporary a broad manner,
complexity of literate authors encompassing non-fiction
environments, the twenty- • Deals with current works and thematically-
first century demands that themes/issues and reflects linked short stories as well
a literate person possesses a technological culture as fictional stories across a
a wide range of abilities • Often breaks traditional number of genres.
and competencies, many writing rules Manga – Japanese Comics
literacies. These literacies • Emerging genres like IM - the Japanese word for
—from reading online and blog format books, comics.
newspapers to participating digi-fiction, doodle - It is used in the English-
in virtual classrooms— are 21st Century Literature speaking world as a
multiple, dynamic, and Genres: generic term for all comic
malleable. Illustrated Novel – Story books and graphic novels
According to the National through text and illustrated originally published in
Council of Teachers of images; Japan
English twenty-first - Generally, 50% of the - considered an artistic and
century readers and writers narrative is presented storytelling style
need to: without words; - "Amerimanga" is
• Develop proficiency with - The reader must interpret sometimes used to refer to
the tools of technology. the images in order to comics created by
• Build relationships with comprehend the complete American artists in a
others to pose and solve story manga style.
problems collaboratively - Textual portions are - Shônen – Boy’s Manga
and cross-culturally. presented in traditional - Shôjo – Girl’s Manga
• Design and share form. - Seinen – Men’s Manga
information for global - Some illustrated novels - Josei – Women’s Manga
communities to meet a may contain no text at all. - Kodomo – Children’s
variety of purposes. - Illustrated novels span all Manga
•Manage, analyze and genres - Manga usually follows
synthesize multiple - Kind of like a picture the traditional style as
streams of simultaneous book that grew up to found in Japan.
information become a novel, except the - Japanese Manga is to be
•Create, critique, analyze, images and text are read from the right side to
and evaluate multi-media interdependent. the left, opposite of
texts Digi-Fiction – Triple traditional American books
Who is the 21st Century Media Literature - In America, this
Reader? - a literary experience that traditional Japanese style
• grew up using technology combines three media: distinguishes Manga from
as a primary learning tool book, movie/video, and other Graphic and
• is capable of navigating Internet website illustrated texts.
and interpreting digital - In order to get the full Doodle Fiction – Hand-
formats and media story, students must scribed Font and Images
messages engage in navigation, - A literary presentation
• possesses literacy skills reading, viewing, in all where the author
which include three formats incorporates doodle
technological abilities such - Popular series include: • drawings and handwritten
as keyboarding, internet 39 Clues: Grades 3-8 • graphics in place of
navigation, interpretation Skeleton Creek: Grades 5- traditional font.
of technological speak, 12 • Level 26: Grades 8-12 - Drawings enhance the
ability to communicate and Graphic Novels – story, often adding
interpret coded language Narratives in Comic Book humorous elements that
and decipher graphics Formats
would be missing if the - Some blogs are written - a group of words that
illustrations were omitted. by one person containing uses mobile gadgets.
- Example: Diary of a their own opinions, - Similar to a tanaga
Wimpy Kid, Double Dork interests and experiences, - composed of 7777
Diaries, Ellie McDoodle while others are written by syllable count with rhyme
Text-Talk Novels – Blog, many different people. scheme aabb, abab, abba
e-mail, & IM Format Creative Non-Fiction – - example:
Narratives Also known as literary If missing you is a crime
- Stories told almost non-fiction or narrative I am guilty, I am not fine
completely in dialogue non-fiction I miss how we used to be
simulating social network - A genre of writing that Please, oh please come
exchanges uses literary styles and back to me
Chick Lit – Chick techniques to create National Literature – a
Literature factually accurate literature that reflects the
- A fiction genre which narratives. history and culture of a
addresses issues of modern - Contrasts with other non- country, usually created by
womanhood, often fiction, such as technical its local writers.
humorously and writing or journalism, - According to Rev. Harley
lightheartedly. which is also rooted in Dewart, a national
- It typically features a accurate fact, but is not literature is an essential
female protagonist whose primarily written in service element in the formation of
womanhood is heavily to its craft. national character.
thermalized in the plot. - Examples: - It is not merely the record
Flash Fiction – a style of • Narrative History of a country’s mental
fictional literature of • Biography progress; it is the
extreme brevity • Travel writing expression of its
- There is no widely • Cultural Criticism intellectual life, the bond
accepted definition of the • Personal Essays of national unity, and the
length of the category. • Memoirs guide of national energy.
- It could range from word • Literary Journalism - It may be fairly
to a thousand • Science Writing questioned, whether the
- Example: Six-word Flash - As a genre, creative non- whole range of history
Fiction; six-word story; the fiction is still relatively presents the spectacle of a
280-character story; the young, and is only people firmly united
"dribble"; the "drabble"; beginning to be scrutinized politically, without the
"sudden fiction"; flash with the same critical subtle but powerful cement
fiction; and "micro-story" analysis given to fiction of a patriotic literature.
Science Fiction – A genre and poetry. Speculative Fiction - an
of speculative fiction Hyper Poetry – Digital umbrella term
dealing with imaginative poetry that uses links using encompassing the more
concepts such as futuristic hypertext mark-up fantastical fiction genres,
science and technology, - It can either involve set specifically science fiction,
space travel, time travel, words, phrases, lines, etc. fantasy, horror, weird
faster than light travel, that are presented in fiction, supernatural
parallel universe and variable order but sit on fiction, superhero fiction,
extraterrestrial life. the page much as tradition utopian and dystopian
- Often explores the poetry does, or it can fiction, apocalyptic and
potential consequences of contain parts of the poem post-apocalyptic fiction,
scientific and other that move and/or mutate. and alternate history in
innovations and has been - This literary work relies literature as well as related
called a “literature of on the qualities unique to a static, motion, and virtual
ideas.” digital environment, such arts.
Blog – A web log; a as linked World Wide Web
website containing short pages or effects such as
articles called posts that sound and movement
are changed regularly. Text Tula – a mobile
phone poetry
Philippine Literature from campus paper. She sold Men of the East and Other
2000 to Present each copy for P2.00 or $ Stories, Woman of Amkaw
0.05 to her classmates. and Other Stories, and A
Notable Authors and their - She took up BA Creative Tropical Winter’s Tale and
Literary Contribution Writing (Filipino) in the Other Stories.
University of the - resident fellow of the
Abdon M. Balde Jr. – a Philippines while she Institute of Creative
councilor of the worked as a waitress at Writing and
organization Lupon Sa night. fictionist/scriptwriter/singe
Wika, a member of the - She graduated cum laude r extraordinaire, was born
NationalCommission for in 2002. She immediately on July 6, 1960.
Culture and the Arts signed up for MA Filipino, - obtained an A.B. in
(NCCA) and director of major in Literature. Psychology from the
the Unyon ng mga - She is the youngest University of the
Manunulat sa Pilipinas member of UMPIL or Philippines in 1977, and
(UMPIL; English: Writers’ Unyon ng mga Manunulat currently teaches literature
Union of the Philippines). sa Pilipinas' Board of and creative writing under
Awards: Directors in 2004-2010. UP's Department of
• Palanca Memorial Award - President of Linangan sa English and Comparative
for Literature (2003) Imahen, Retorika at Anyo Literature.
• Rokyaw Ibalong Bikol (LIRA) in 2007-2009. - joined several writers'
Highest Achievement LIRA is the premiere and workshops here and
Award in Literature (2003) the oldest organization of abroad, and has acquired
• National Bookstore Filipino poets who write numerous grants and
Awards (2003, 2004 and primarily in the national awards for his fiction,
2005) language. including the Palanca, Free
• Juan C. Laya Prize for - She is the Executive Press, Graphic, Asiaweek,
Best Novel (2004) Officer for Membership National Book Award, and
• Juan C. Laya Prize for and Documentation of the Dr. Jose P. Rizal
Best Book of Fiction Filipinas Copyright Award for Excellence.
(2005) Licensing Society - His novel,
• Gintong Aklat Award (FILCOLS), an Embarrassment of Riches
(2005) organization of authors and published by UP Press in
• Lifetime Achievement publishers that helps fight 2002, won the Centennial
Award, Premio Arejola for the economic rights of Literary Prize. In addition
Foundation (2007) copyright holders. to this, Ong has served as
• Rector’s Recognition for co-editor of the Likhaan
Excellence, Achievement, Allan Popa – author of 7 Book of Poetry and Fiction
Commitment & collections of poetry, most - Other novels: Banyaga, A
Humanitarian Service for recent is “Basta” (Ateneo Song of War, Blue Angel,
Career Achievement, de Manila University White Shadow
Aquinas University of Press, 2009) - His short stories range
Legazpi (2007) - Philippine Free Press from parodies of well-
• Omaw sa Oragon: Literary Awardee loved Filipino texts to
Tribute for Excellence - Manila Critics’ Circle insightful treatments of
(2008) National Book Awardee Chinese-Filipino culture.
- Earned his MFA in These have been collected
Beverly “Bebang” Siy – poetry at Washington into Men of the East and
published writer of all sorts University, St. Louis Other Stories (1990 and
of genres (from serious where he won the Norma 1999), Woman of Am-
poetry to horror stories for Lowry Prize and the Kaw and Other Stories
adolescents to humorous Academy of American (1993) and Conversion and
essays to erotic novel.) Poets Prize Other Fictions (1996).
- She did the writing, lay
outing and publishing of Charlson Ong – written 3 Christina Pantoja Hidalgo
the spoof of her school's collections of short fiction: – a renowned teacher,
editor, writer, and pioneer Stirling (U.K.) and Rutgers Kundiman: Isang
of creative nonfiction. University (U.S.A.) Tulambuhay (2006) and
- Garnering honors since Isa Na Namang Pagtingala
her colegiala days, Dr. Dean Francis Alfar – (born sa Buwan (2005).
Hidalgo has also received 1969), is a Filipino - His 2009 novel, Walong
such prestigious awards as playwright, novelist and Diwata ng Pagkahulog
Gawad Balagtas, Graphic, writer of speculative [Eight Muses of the Fall],
Free Press, Focus, Manila fiction. longlisted for the Man
Critics' Circle, British - His plays have been Asian Literary Prize and
Council Grant to performed in venues across won the NCCA Writer's
Cambridge, and the U.P. the country, while his Prize for the Novel.
President's Award for articles and fiction have - His works have also
Outstanding Publication. been published both in his received awards from the
- She has been recognized native Philippines and Palanca, PBBY Salanga
as Outstanding Thomasian abroad, such as in Strange Writer's Prize, Gawad
Writer, Hall of Famer for Horizons, Rabid Transit, Surian sa Tula and
the International The Year's Best Fantasy Gantimpalang Collantes.
Publication Award, and and Horror and the Exotic - His second novel, Sa
Grand Prize winner for the Gothic series. Kasunod ng 909, which
Novel in the Palanca - His literary awards won the 2011 KAL Gawad
Awards. include ten Don Carlos Antonio M. Abad for Best
- She was Vice President Palanca Memorial Awards Dissertation in UP
for Public Affairs of the for Literature ... including Diliman, will be published
University of the the Grand Prize for Novel soon. He was invited as
Philippines and at present for Salamanca (Ateneo writer in residence to the
is the director of the Press, 2006) ... as well as 2010 International Writing
University of Sto. Tomas the Manila Critics' Circle Program of the University
Publishing House, and an National Book Awards for of Iowa. Samar teaches
associate of the UP the graphic novels Philippine Literature and
Institute of Creative Freedom and Passion, and Creative Writing at Ateneo
Writing. the Philippines Free Press de Manila University and
Literary Award. is now the Director of the
Danton Remoto – has - He was a fellow at the Ateneo Institute of Literary
written nine books and 1992 Dumaguete National Arts and Practices
edited eight other titles, Writers Workshop and (AILAP).
including the landmark 20th UP National Writers
“Ladlad Series” of gay Workshop. Edward P. Jones –
literature. - He is an advocate of the Awarded, among others,
- taught English and literature of the fantastic, the National Book Critics
Literature at Ateneo de editing the Philippine Circle Award and the
Manila University before Speculative Fiction series, International IMPAC
taking early retirement to as well as a comic book Dublin and Lannan
work as a Communications creator and a blogger. Literary Awards for The
Analyst at the United - Alfar is also an Known World;
Nations Development entrepreneur ... running - he also received a
Program. several businesses. He MacArthur Fellowship in
- He is now the Head of lives in Manila with his 2004.
Research and Desk wife, fictionist Nikki Alfar - His first collection of
Manager of TV5, where he and their two daughters. stories, Lost in the City,
also co-hosts a weekly TV - 2006 - Best Comic Book won the PEN/Hemingway
show and a daily radio (Siglo: Passion) 2004 - Award and was shortlisted
show. Best Comic Book (Siglo: for the National Book
- He studied at Ateneo de Freedom) Award. His most recent
Manila University, book is All Aunt Hagar's
University of the Edgar Calabia Samar – Children.
Philippines, University of author of two books of - He lives in Washington,
poetry: Pag-aabang sa D.C.
Eros S. Atalia – a Filipino University of Santo Tomas a Visiting Lecturer at the
author, professor and in 1990. Ateneo de Manila
journalist from Cavite City - He is currently teaching University and the
who wrote several books creative writing and University of Santo
including the Palanca comparative literature at Tomas.
Award-winning 'Tatlong the University of the - He writes plays, essays,
Gabi, Tatlong Araw' Philippines, Diliman, biographies, and short
(Three Nights, Three where he also serves as an stories in Filipino and
Days) in 2013and Ang associate for poetry in the English, for which he has
Ikatlong Anti-Kristo' (The Institute of Creative won numerous national
Third Antichrist) in 2017. Writing. and international awards,
- His book 'Ligo Na U, - He is the author of including the Carlos
Lapit Na Me' (published in numerous poetry Palanca Memorial Awards
2009) was adapted into collections and works in in Literature Hall of Fame
film in 2011 literary and cultural and the Southeast Asian
- He is a faculty member at criticism, including Our Writers (SEAWRITE)
the University of Santo Lady of the Carnival Award.
Tomas (1996), The Sorrows of - written or edited more
- a resident at the Water (2000), Kaluluwa than thirty books.
International Writing (2001), Philippine Gay - a professor or a visiting
Program of the University Culture: The Last Thirty fellow at various
of Iowa Years (1996), Slip/pages: universities in the
- co-founded the defunct Essays in Philippine Gay Philippines, the United
local newspaper Responde Criticism (1998), States, Iran, Japan,
Cavite, where he also Performing the Self: Taiwan, and the United
served as an editor. Occasional Prose (2003), Kingdom, including the
- Taguan-Pung at Manwal The Garden of University of Oxford.
ng Pagpapatiwakal (2005) Wordlessness (2005), and - heads the Philippine
- Peksman (Mamatay ka Misterios and Other Poems Fulbright Scholars
Man) Nagsisinungaling (2005) Association, Wika ng
Ako (2007) - His latest critical work, Kultura at Agham
- Ligo na U, Lapit na Me Postcolonialism and (WIKA), Books for
(2009) Filipino Poetics: Essays Philippine Schools
- Wag Lang Di Makaraos and Critiques, is a revised Foundation, the Active E-
(2011) version of his PhD Learning Technologies
- It's Not That dissertation in English Foundation, and Libro
Complicated: Bakit Hindi Studies: Creative Writing, Amigo Publishers.
Pa Sasakupin ng Alien ang which he completed in - co-founded the Manila
Daigdig sa 2012 (2012) 2003. He is currently Critics Circle, the
working on a full-length Philippine Association of
Gemma Nemenzo – One of book, a postcolonial survey Scholarly and Academic
those who conceptualized and analysis of Philippine Publishers (PASAP) and
and created “Batibot,” a poetry in English. the Philippine Journals
children’s educational TV Online project.
show. Isagani R. Cruz – Former - former President of the
- Abstract editor for US- Philippine Undersecretary Philippine Studies
based electronic database of Education ISAGANI R. Association (PSA).
publisher; CRUZ (Ph.D. English, - retired Senior
- Managing editor and University of Maryland) is Bibliographer of the
columnist of “Filipinas” – currently a Professor Modern Language
the only monthly glossy Emeritus, a University Association of America
magazine for the Fil-Am Fellow, and the Academic (MLA).
community in the US. Publications Executive - decorated by the
Publisher of De La Salle Government of France as a
J. Neil C. Garcia – finished University, the Director of Chevalier dans l’Ordre
his BA Journalism (magna the Teachers Academy of National du Mérite and by
cum laude) in the Far Eastern University, and the Ramain family as
Honorary Sultan of Iligan of Memory (1997 ), publications. His poetry
City. Waiting for Mariang collection in Pangasinan
- Project Director of the Makiling (2002), and language Balikas na
Foundation for Upgrading Brains of the Nation Caboloan is among the
the Standard of Education (2006). works published by the
(FUSE) and is the Program - served as visiting National Commission for
Director of the Philippine professor in Philippine the Culture and the Arts
Cultural Education Studies at universities in (NCCA) under its UBOD
Program (PCEP) of the Japan, Singapore, and the New Writers Series (2005).
National Commission for United States. - advocates for the
Culture and the Arts - Long-time member of the resurgence of Pangasinan
(NCCA). Manila Critics Circle, he is as a literary language.
- member of the English currently general editor of - awarded the Writer of the
Speaking Union (ESU) the Ramon Magsaysay Year (2004) by the Ulupan
Philippines, the Technical Award Foundation and na Pansiansia’y Salitan
Advisory Council of the professor emeritus at the Pangasinan (Association
Congressional University of San Carlos in for the Preservation of the
Commission on Science, Cebu City. Pangasinan Language) and
Technology, and Award of Merit (2005) by
Engineering (COMSTE), Jose Dalisay, Jr. - the Association of Writers
Filipinas Licensing published more than 25 and Authors for Regional
Copyright Society books of fiction and Development (Region I)
(FILCOLS), and Former nonfiction, winning many for his first book, Pinabli
Senior Government awards for his writing both tan arum ni’ran
Officials (FSGO). in the Philippines and Anlong(Beloved and Other
- writes for Philippine Star overseas. Poems) published in 2003.
and BizNews Asia. - a Fulbright, - His second book of
Hawthornden, British poems, Malagilion:
Rosario Cruz-Lucero – Council, David TK Wong, Soniton Pangasinan, is an
holds a Ph.D. in Philippine Rockefeller, and Civitella attempt to open the
Studies from the Ranieri fellow. propylaea of literary
University of the - lectured on Philippine renaissance in Pangasinan.
Philippines, Diliman and is culture and politics in the - currently coming out with
a professor at the US, the UK, Australia, a chapbook of his poems in
Department of Filipino and New Zealand, Italy, English titled Murtila.
Philippine Literature in the Singapore, Malaysia, and - teaches literature at
same university. China, among other places. Emilio Aguinaldo College
- Besides critical essays on - second novel, Soledad's Manila.
the literature of the Sister, was shortlisted for
Visayas and Mindanao, she the inaugural Man Asian RJ Ledesma – Honorary
has published two Literary Prize in 2007. Vice Consul of Monaco to
anthologies of Hiligaynon the Philippines (2010-
literature (translated into Santiago B. Villafania – a present) and is a member
Filipino) and authored Pangasinan poet [based in of the Consular Corps of
collections of short stories, Manila]. He writes in the Philippines.
Feast and Famine, Pangasinan, - Writes a weekly lifestyle
Herstory, and La India or Filipino/Tagalog and column for the Philippine
the Island of the English. Star ‘Pogi from a Parallel
Disappeared. - born in Tuliao, Sta. Universe’ (2006-2015) and
Barbara, Pangasinan on was one of the winners of
Resil B. Mojares – January 31, 1971. Finished the Philippine Star 2006
Essayist and scholar his Bachelor of Arts Major Lifestyle Journalism
- authored award- winning in English at the University Awards
books: Origins and Rise of of Pangasinan in 1991. - Produced six best-selling
the Filipino Novel (1979), - Some of his poems have creative nonfiction books
Theater in Society, Society appeared in local and from Anvil Publishing.
in Theater (1985), House international print and web Three of his books (Is It
Hot In Here Or Is It Me? organization which Magnificat: Mama Mary's
(2010), It Only Hurts promotes book reading and Pilgrim Sites (Edited by
When I Pee (2011) and lifelong learning. Brainard, Anvil, 2012)
Blue Babble, Gang Green: - Some of the award- Gintong Aklat Award
The Ateneo-La Salle winning books she (Golden Book Award), for
Rivalry (2014)) were Na authored were the Finding God: True Stories
tional Book Awards following: “Why the Piña of Cecilia Manguerra
finalists. His other books has a Hundred Eyes and Brainard
are Lies My Yaya Shoud Other Classic Philippine
Have Told Me (2008), I Folk Tales About Fruits” Ian Rosales Casocot –
Do or I Die (2009) and which won the 1993 (born 1975)
Playing With Pink Parts National Book Award for - creative writer and
(2013). Children’s Literature and a journalist from Dumaguete
- Former editor-in-chief of biography of Gabriela City, Negros Oriental
Mega Publication’s Silang which received a - known for his
Manual Magazine (2005- National Book Award prizewinning short stories
2009) and Five Leaf citation for excellence in Old Movies, The Hero of
Publishing’s UNO 1992. the Snore Tango, Rosario
Magazine. Former - recent works are the and the Stories, and A
columnist for Manila highly successful Strange Map of Time.
Times (2004-05). companion gift books - maintains A Critical
- A writing fellow of the “You Know You’re Survey of Philippine
53rd University of the Filipino If….,” “Don’t Literature, a website on
Philippines National Take a Bath on a Friday: Filipino writings and
Writers Workshop (2014) Philippine Superstitions literary criticism.
and of the 1994 Silliman and Folk Beliefs,” and - The 2003 UBOD New
University National “Ngalang Pinoy: A Primer Writers Series
Writers Workshop. on Filipino Wordplay,” all
- known more popularly as published by Tahanan Gémino Henson Abad – a
‘Joey’ of the Royal Tru- Books. poet and critic from Cebu.
Orange series of - graduated cum laude - A Makeshift Sun, 2001
commercials that ran from from St. Scholastica’s - "Care of Light: New
1988-1991. The College and holds a Poems and Found", 2010
commercials were directed master’s degree in English
by the late Lino Brocka, Literature from the Ateneo Cirilo F. Bautista – (born
the late Ishmael Bernal, de Manila University. 1941)
Peque Gallaga and Jun - taken courses in - a multi-awarded Filipino
Urbano. The first Royal children’s literature from poet, fictionist, critic and
commercial ranked fourth Michigan State University. writer of nonfiction.
in the Pilipino Advertising - taught writing to talented - Sunlight On Broken
Klasiks (Pilak) Awards. elementary school students Stones (2000)
at International School- - Tinik Sa Dila: Isang
Flor Marie “Neni” Sta. Manila, where she headed Katipunan Ng Mga Tula
Romana Cruz –award- the Children’s Media (2003)
winning writer, Center. - The Trilogy Of Saint
accomplished educator, Lazarus (2001)
noted children’s book Cecilia Manguerra - Believe and Betray: New
critic, reading advocate Brainard – author and and Collected Poems
and freelance journalist. editor of nineteen books. (2006)
- Prior to her appointment - co-founded PAWA or
to the NBDB, Sta. Philippine American is an Ophelia Alcantara
Romana-Cruz chaired the award-winning Women Dimalanta – (June 16,
Philippine Board on Books Writers and Artists; 1932 – November 4, 2010)
for Young People (PBBY) - founded Philippine - a poet, editor, author, and
and was likewise a board American Literary House. teacher
member of the “Sa Aklat - Magdalena (novel, Plain - One of the country's most
Sisikat” Foundation, an View Press, 2002) respected writers
- published several books Sunlight On Broken Stones
of poetry, criticism, drama, (2000) Tinik Sa Dila: Isang
and prose and edited Katipunan Ng Mga Tula
various literary (2003) The Trilogy of
anthologies. Saint Lazarus (2001)
- In 1999, she received Believe and Betray: New
Southeast Asia's highest and Collected Poems
literary honor, the S.E.A. (2006) by Cirilo F.
Write Award. Bautista
- Passional (2002) Passional (2002) and The
- The Ophelia Alcantara- Ophelia Alcantara-
Dimalanta Reader, Volume Dimalanta Reader
1, Poetry (2005) (Selected Poetry) Vol. 1
(2004)
NOTABLE WORKS:
2004 – Best Comic Book
(Siglo: Freedom) The first
book, had been hailed by
critics for pushing the
envelope in the realm of
graphic novels

2006 – Best Comic Book

(Siglo: Passion) the newest
book in the Siglo series, is
one of the most ambitious
comic book projects in
Philippine publishing and
literary history.

Salamanca – (The Sorcery)

refers to the fuel that
powers an imaginary
Spanish galleon to soar
through the skies.
- Winner, 2005 Palanca
Grand Prize for Novel

Gintong Aklat Award

(Golden Book Award):
- Magdalena (novel, Plain
View Press, 2002)
- Finding God: True
Stories of Spiritual
Encounters (co-edited with
Marilyn Y. Orosa) (2009)
- Magnificat: Mama
Mary's Pilgrim Sites
(Edited by Brainard, Anvil,
2012)

2003 UBOD New Writers

Series:
" Care of Light: New
Poems and Found”
published by Anvil in 2009
by Gemino H. Abad
eriod of the New Society dealt with patience, regard Reyes.
1972-1980 for native culture, customs, The following
and the beauties of nature organizations contributed a
Historical Background and surrounding. Those lot to the development of
The period of the New who wrote poetry during plays during this period.
Society started on this period were: Ponciano 1. PETA of Cecille
September 21, 1972 The Pineda, Anicento Silvestre, Guidote and Lino Brocka
Carlos Palanca Awards Jose Garcia Revelo, 2. Repertory Philippines:
continued to give annual Bienvenido Ramos, of Rebecca Godines and
awards. Vicente Dimasalang, Cir Zenaida Amador
Almost all themes in most Lopez Francisco, and 3. Up Repertory of Behn
writing dealt with the Pelagio Sulit Cruz. Cervantes
development or progress of Many more composer 4. Teatro Filipina by
the country-like the Green added their bit during this Rolando Tinio.
Revolution, family period. Among them were
planning, proper nutrition, Freddie Aguilar, Jose C. RADIO AND
environment, drug Marie Chan and the group TELEVISION
addiction and pollution. Tito, Vic and Joey. Anak Radio continued to be
The New society tried to of Freddie Aguilar became patronized during this
stop pornography or those an instant success because period. The play series like
writing giving bad of the spirit and emotions SI MATAR, DAHILAN,
influences on the morals of revealed in the song. There ITO ANG PALAD KO,
the people. was even translation in and MR. LONELY were
Japanese and in other the forms of recreation of
A. FILIPINO POETRY languages. those without television.
DURING THE PERIOD Even the new songs were
OF THE NEW SOCIETY B. THE PLAY UNDER first heard over the
A few months after the THE NEW SOCIETY airwaves.
declaration of military rule, The government led in However, many
the following slogans of reviving old plays and performing artists in radio
the New Society were dramas, like the Tagalog moved over to television
heard and ready by many: Zarzuela, Cenaculo and the because of higher pay.
1. Sa ikauunlad ng bayan Embayoka of the Muslim Among these were
Disiplina ang kailangan. which were presented in Augusto Victa, Gene
(Discipline is needed to the rebuilt Metropolitan Palamo, Mely Tagasa,
develop the nation) theater, the Folk Arts Lina Pusing, and Ester
2. Tayo’y kumakain ng Theater and the Culture Chavez. Popular television
gulay Upang humaba ang Center of the Philippines. plays were GULONG NG
buhay. (Let’s eat Many schools and PALAD. FLOR DE
vegetables to lengthen our organization also presented LUNA, and ANNA LIZA.
lives) varied plays. SUPERMAN AND
3. Mag plano ng pamilya The Mindanao State TARZAN were also
Nang ang buhay ay University presented a play popular with the youth.
lumigaya. (Let’s plan our Sining Embayoka at the
families so we’ll lead Culture Center of the D. FILIPINO FILMS
happy lives) Philippines. In 1977, the A yearly Pista ng mga
1. 4.Ang pagsunod sa tales of Manuvu, a new Pelikulang Pilipino (Yearly
magulang Tanda ng anak stlye of rock of the ballet Filipino Film Festival) was
na magalang. (Obeying opera was also added to held during this time.
parents is a mark of a these presentations. This During Festival which
respectful child) was performed by Celeste lasted usually or a month,
2. 5.Tayo’y magbigayan Legaspi, Lea Navarro, only Filipino films were
At huwag magsiksikan. Hadji Alejandro, Boy shown in all theaters in
(Let’s be generous and not Camara, Anthony Castelo, Metro Manila. Prizes and
try to outdo each other) Rey Dizon and trophies were awarded at
Themes of most poems choreographed by Alice the end of Festival in
recognition of excellence everywhere and were DOG EATERS-Leonacio
in film making and in role enjoyed by the masses. P. Deriada 2. “THE
performance. Among these were: PEOPLE’S PRISON-
New kinds of films without 1. PILIPINO Maura R. Avena 3.
sex or romance started to 2. EXTRA HOT “DISCOVERY”-Dr.
made but which were 3. LOVE LIFE Porfirio F. Villarin,Jr. 4.
nevertheless well-received 4. HIWAGA “A SUMMER
by the public. Among 5. KLASIK GOODBYE”-Linda
these were: 6. ESPESYAL Ledesma and Benjamin
1. MAYNILA- SA MGA Bautistas
KUKO NG LIWANAG F. PALANCA
written by Edgardo Reyes AWARDEES G. AN OVERVIEW OF
and filmed under the SHORT STORY THE LITERATURE
direction of Lino Brocka. CATEGORY 1972-1973 DURING THE NEW
Bembol Roco was in the First Prizes- “SPOTS ON SOCIETY
lead role. THEIR WINGS AND Bilingual education which
2. MINSA’Y ISANG OTHER STORIES” – initiated by the Board of
GAMU-GAMO; Nora Antonio Enriquez Second National Education as
Aunor was the principal Prizes- “ON FRIENDS early as 1958 and
performer here. YOU PIN SUCH HOPES’ contributed up to the
3. GANITO KAMI NOON –Ines Taccad Camayo period of Martial Rule in
. . PAANO KAYO Third Prizes- “THE September 21,1972,
NGAYON : led by LIBERATION OF MRS. resulted in the
Christopher de leon and FIDELA MAGSILANG” deterioration of English in
Gloria Diaz. –Jaime A. Lim 1973-1974 the different levels of
4. INSIANG: by Hilda First Prizes- “THE CRIES education. The focus of
Koronel OF CHILDREN ON AN education and culture was
5. AGUILA: led by APRIL AFTERNOON IN on problems of national
Fernando Poe Jr., Jay THE YEAR 1957” – identity, on re-oriented,
Ilagan and Chritopher de Gregorio C. Brillantes renewed vigor and a firm
leon Second Prizes- “THE resolved to carry out plans
WHITE DRES” –Estrella and programs.
E. COMICS, D. Alfon Third Prizes-
MAGAZINES AND “TELL ME WHO CLEFT
OTHER PUBLICATIONS THE DEVIL’S FOOT”
The leading papers during -Luning BONIFACIO IRA
this period were: HONORABLE
1. BULLETIN TODAY MENTION-”SCORING”-
2. TIMES JOURNAL JOY T. DAYRIT
3. PEOPLES JOURNAL 1974-75 Frist Prize- co-
4. BALITA winners 1. THE DAY OF
5. PILIPINO EXPRESS THE LOCUSTS”- Leoncio
6. PHILIPPINE DAILY P. Deriada 2. “ROMANCE
EXPRESS AND THE FAITH ON
7. EVENING POST THE MOUNT
8. EVENING EXPRESS BANAHAW” –Alfred A.
LIWAYWAY had been an Yuson Second Price-co
old-time favorite of the winners 1. “THE MAN
Filipinos since 1920. Other WHO MADE A
magazine were: COVENANT WITH THE
1. KISLAP WIND- Cirilo F. Bautista
2. BULAKLAK 2. “ONCE UPON A
3. LOVE LIFE CRUISE:
4. EXTRA HOT GENERATIONS AND
5. JINGLE SENSATION OTHER LANDSCAPES”-
Like mushrooms, comics Luning Bonifacio Ira Third
also proliferated Price-co winners 1. “THE
THE PERIOD OF causes. The youth became
ACTIVISM Activism is connected with completely rebellious
the history of our Filipino during this period. This
Ponciano Pineda - "Father youth. Because of the ills was proven not only in the
of the Commission on of society, the youth bloody demonstrations and
Filipino Language" moved to seek reforms. in the sidewalk expressions
Some continued to believe but also in literature.
HISTORICAL that the democratic Campus newspapers
BACKGROUND government is stable and showed rebellious
that it is only the people emotions. The once
The First Quarter Storm in running the government aristocratic writers
1970 was the beginning of who is fault. Some developed an awareness
the period of activism in believed that socialism or for society. They held pens
Philippine literature. As communism should replace and wrote on placards in
thousands of students democracy. Some armed red paint the equivalent of
rallied on the streets to groups were formed to the word MAKIBAKA.
protest the anti-democratic bring down the democratic They attacked the ills of
policies of the Marcos form of government. society and politics. Any
administration, Filipino establishment became the
writers utilized their THE SEEDS OF symbol of the ills that had
writings to undermine the ACTIVISM: to be changed.
issues of exploitation and
injustice in the country. The seeds of activism Rolando Tinio wrote his
resulted in the declaration poetic collection: Rage and
The mass protests against of Martial Law in 1972. Ritual, and Sitsit Sa
the administration at that We can, however, say that Kuliglig.
time led to the declaration the seeds were earlier sown
of martial law in 1972. from the times of Lapu- Rogelio Mangahas -
Literature and mass lapu, Lakandula, and Rizal. Palanca first prize winner
communication were for his collection of poems,
silenced, but gradually, a The revolution against the “Mga Duguang Plakard.”
group of Filipino writers powerful forces in the
took their writing Philippines can be said to Efren Abueg - His works
underground and be the monopoly of the appeared on magazines
recommitted themselves to youth in whose veins flow such as Liwayway,
writing short stories, the fire in their blood. Bulaklak, Tagumpay, and
poetry and novels that What Rizal said of the Homelife
explored the social youth being the hope of the
concerns of the times. Fatherland is still valid Rio Alma - (Virgilio S.
Many writers joined the even today. Almario) Poetry
underground activities and The Period of the Bloody collections: Palipad-
produced literary works Placards: Hangin (1985), Katon para
that are called protest Pineda also said that this sa limang pandama (1987),
literature. Other writers was the time when the Sentimental (2004), etc.
challenged the regime's youth once more proved Second successful
limit and continued their that it is not the constant modernist movement in
protest literature above evasion that shapes our Filipino poetry together
ground. The period of race and nationalism. with Rogelio Mangahas
activism ended when the There is a limit to one’s and Teo Antonio.
Marcos regime ended in patience. It may explode
1983. like a volcano if Clemente Bautista –
overstrained. “Marahil dahop and dila ko
According to Ponciano upang isaulo’t ipaliwanag
Pineda, youth activism in THE LITERARY ang panaginip at
1970 – 1972 was due to REVOLUTION kamatayan ng sanglaksang
domestic and worldwide anak-pawis
Saksi ako sa palahaw ng history. on against censorship.
mga dalagitang tila Describing this period, he They came up with
kinakatay na baboy writes: “That first quarter resolutions that pleaded for
Habang ginagahasa ng of the year 1970...It was a causes other than their own
mga hayok na pulitiko’t glorious time, a time of –like the general amnesty
negosyante terror and of wrath, but for political prisoners, and
Sa sabuyan ng putik ng also a time for hope. The other secret decrees
mga kongresistang signs of change were on restricting free expression.
pagkuan, kapiling ang the horizon. They requested editors and
kani-kaniyang alipores at publishers to publish the
Tagapayong Puti ay A powerful storm was real names of writers in
naguunahang ibenta ang sweeping the land, a storm their columns. It called on
bayan whose inexorable advance media to disseminate
Ano ang silbi ng no earthly force could stop, information on national
kabayanihan? Ng limos na and the name of the storm interest without partisan
laurel at ginto? was history.” leanings and resolved to be
Ipangangalan sa iyo’y united with all causes
isang kalyeng baku-bako o Lacaba’s book is truly decrying oppression and
kaya’y lumuting representative of writers repression.
monumentong ihian ng who were eyewitnesses to
mga lasenggo?” this time “of terror and The irreverence for the
Translation wrath. “Other writers poor reached its peak
“Maybe my mind is strove to pour out their during this period of the
impoverished to explain, to anguish and frustrations in mass revolution.
put to memory words describing “Hands that broadcast
The dreams and deaths of themselves as “gasping for sweat
the poor the air, thirsting for the Brandish placards of
I’m witness to the cries of water of freedom.” Thus, protest
young girls butchered like the Philippine Center for In the haciendas of Negros
pigs the International PEN Sugar cane turns bitter
While being raped by (Poets, Essayists, and In the rice granaries of
greedy politicians and Novelists) held a Luzon
businessmen. conference centering on Hatred, hammers, sickles,
In the mudslinging of the “writer’s lack of On old newspapers
congressmen, who at once freedom in a climate of Students write the rubrica
join their followers and fear.” of dissent
alien advisers who Why should they who roast
compete to sell their They denounced The suckling grown loan
country restrictions on artistic on verbiage?
What price heroism? Of freedom and passionately Why should they who
laurel and golden alms? led a plea for freedom. plant and grind
They’ll name you after a Among the writers in this The corn grow thin on grit
crooked street or a mossy group were: Nick Joaquin, and homing?
monument which S.P. Lopez, Gregorio
drunkards use for Brillantes, F. Sionil Jose, Strike! Strike! Strike!
throwing. Petronilo Daroy, Letty A dormant hate errupts
Jimenez-Magsanoc, Mauro Bundok Buntis, Arayat!
WRITERS DURING THE Avelina, and Jose W. Kanlaon!
PERIOD OF ACTIVISM: Diokno. People in the Federico Licsi Espino Jr. -
other media participated in “Most Brilliant Poet in
Jose F. Lacaba, in his book this quest for freedom. Tagalog” in 1970.
Days of Disquiet, Nights
of Rage; The First Journalists Jose Burgos Jr., This was also during this
Quarter’s Storm and Antonio Ma. Nieva, movie period that bomba (bold)
Related Events, wrote of director Lino Brocka, art films that discredit our
the tragic and tumultuous critic Anna Leah S. de ways as Filipinos started to
moments in our country’s Leon were battling head – come out.
Philippine Literature under the protection of the - English as a literary
during the American United States. vehicle came with the
Period American occupation in
- Founded by Pascual August 18, 1898.
Themes of Literature Pobelete (1899) with
Tagalog version “Ang - By 1900, English used as
1. Desire for Freedom Kapatid ng Bayan” medium of instruction in
public schools.
2. Love for Country 2. El Nuevo Dia (The New
Day) - American Forces were
3. Fight Against recruited the 1st teachers
Colonialism and - Founded by Sergio of English.
Imperialism Osmeña (1900)
- Thomasites – 1st English
Characteristics of - A Cebuano Newspaper teachers (USS Thomas)
Literature Composed of 346M,
- Lasted for 3 years. 180W, 43 states, and 193
1. Nationalism Educational Institutions
3. El Renacimiento (The
2. Freedom of Speech Renaissance) - August 21, 1901 –
Establish New Public high
3. Experience - Editor: Rafael Palma School System

4. Search and Use of a new - Most influential - UP, the forerunner in the
medium newspaper in Manila use of English in Higher
during the Spanish coloñal Education.
Mediums Used period.
- UST, forerunner in the
1. Spanish 4. Manila Daily Bulletin use of Spanish

2. Tagalog - Philippines’ largest 2. Period of Imitation

broadsheet newspaper by
3. English circulation. - UP College Folio
(Philippine Collegian)
American Influences - Currently known as “The published the literary
Manila Bulletin” compositions of first
1. Schools Filipino writer in English.
- Founded in 1990 as a
2. New Education System shipping journal Literary Types

3. Cleanliness and Hygiene Three Timeframes of 1. Poetry

Philippine Literature
4. English Language during the American 2. Short Story
Colonization
5. Politics 3. Plays
1. Period of Re-Orientation
6. Freedom of Speech (1898-1910) 4. Novels

Newspapers 2. Period of Imitation 5. Essays

(1910-1925)
1. El Grito Del Pueblo 6. Drama
(Ang Kapatid ng Bayan) 3. Period of Self-Discovery
(1925-1941) Poetry
- Pro labor and radical
nationalist newspaper 1. Period of Re-Orientation - Noteworthy names in this
advocates independence field wrote in free verse, in
odes, and sonnets and in The Brotherhood, The - Father of Philippine
other types. Union, Renaissance, and Constitutions
Democracy.
- Was original, 6. Mena Pecson Crisologo
spontaneous, and - Wrote in English and
competently written and Spanish, and composed - Notario Eclesiastico of
later, incorporated social poems that demonstrated Nuera Segovia Diocese
consciousness. his mastery of Spanish.
- “Neneng”
3. Period of Self-Discovery - Al Heroe Nacional (To
the National Hero) is a - Introduced the Ilokano
- Publications: the poem dedicated to Rizal. Balagtasan
Philippine free press
provided the first - Pentélicas, he described - Assigned as 1st
incentives to Filipino landscapes evoking a vivid provincial governor of
writers in English by image. Ilocos sur during American
offering prizes to Period (1901)
worthwhile contribution. 2. Fernando Maria
Guererro - Popular Iloko Poet and
- Drama (1925-1941) did Dramatist
not reach the heights - Crisálidas
attained by the novel or the - Plays focused on
short story. - Prince of Filipino Lyric historical or contemporary
Poetry in Spanish issues and were played in
3 groups of Writers Vigan between 1908-1915.
- Favorite Theme: Eternal
1. Spanish Sadness of Things - It walled Calle Crisologo
or Crisologo Street.
2. Tagalog 3. Jesus Balmori
- Married to Felipa
3. English - Mi Casa de Nipa, Mi Florentino had daughter
Choza de Nipa Juana
Spanish Writers
- Pen-name: Batikuling - Ilocano literature
1. Cecilio Apostol contributor, a dramatist
- Poet Laureate in Spanish and novelist
2. Fernando Ma. Guerrero
- Premio Zóbel for his 7. Evangelina Guerrero y
3. Jesus Balmori contributions to Philippine Entrala de Zacarias
literature.
4. Manuel Bernabe - Evangelina Guerrero y
4. Manuel Bernabe Entrala de Zacarias (1904-
5. Claro M. Recto 1949), poet, journalist in
- King of Balagtasan in Spanish Language.
1. Cecilio Apostol Spanish
- “Though You Tell Me
- Pen name: Catulo - Translated Rubaiyat by Not”
Omar Khayyam in
- “A Rizal” (Masterpiece) Spanish. - Eldest Daughter of the
“Prince of Filipino Lyric
- Poems were used to teach 5. Claro M. Recto Poetry,” Fernando Ma.
Spanish Language Guerrero, and Dona
(RA1881) - Bajo Los Cocoteros – Remedios Entrala.
Under the Coconut Tree
- Worked as a journalist (1911) - Born in Quiapo, Manila
for the Revolutionary (May 24 1904)
newspapers: Independence,
- Educated at Escuela 2. Poets of Life (Makata ng - Father of Filipino
Catolica De Nuestra Buhay) Grammar
Señora De Guia and at the
Centro Escolar de 3. Poets of the Stage - “Apo” of the tagalog
Señoritas. (Makata ng Tanghalan) writers

- Married to Antonio *Julian Cruz Balmaceda - Ama ng Balarilang

Zacarias, also a poet, who classified the 3 kinds of Filipino
became a secretary of the poets
Philippine Senate. Amado V. Hernandez
Makata ng Puso
- Life time achievement - “Luha ng Buwaya”
awardee in 2005 for her 1. Lope K. Santos
outstanding achievement in - “Ang Panday”
history. 2. Iñigo Ed. Regalado
- 1st king of Balagtasan
- Icon of Philippine 3. Carlos Gatmaitan
Literature and Journalism. - A pillar in the tagalog
4. Pedro Deogracias literature
8. Adelina Gurrea Rosario
Jose Corazon de Jesus
- First woman poet in the 5. Ildefonso Santos
Philippines - Pen name: Huseng Batute
6. Amado V. Hernandez
- Obtained Novel Prize in - “Ang Isang Punong
poem “El Nido” 7. Nemesio Caravana Kahoy”

9. Isidro Marfori 8. Mar Antonio - Legendary Lyric Poet

- “Aromas de Ensueño: Makata ng Buhay - King of Balagtasan

Poesias”.
1. Lope K. Santos - A Filipino poet who used
10. Macario Adriatico tagalog poetry to express
2. Jose Corazon de Jesus Filipino desire for
- Legend of Mindoro – La independence
Punta de Salto 3. Florentino Collantes
- “Love” a breathtaking
11. Epifanio de los Santos 4. Patricio Mariano tagalog poem about love.

- Pen name: Don Panyong 5. Carlos Gatmaitan - “Virgins hand (1929)” is

beautiful, touching tagalog
- 1st Filipino Academician 6. Amado V. Hernandez poem about how his love
for a woman changed him
- 1st Filipino to become a Makata ng Tanghalan for the better.
member of the Spanish
royal academy of 1. Aurelio Tolentino Aurelio Tolentino
language, of literature, and
of history in Madrid 2. Patricio Mariano - Kahapon, Ngayon, at
Bukas
Tagalog Writers 3. Severino Reyes
- Coined the word “Dula”
Groups of Tagalog Writers 4. Tomas Remigio
- Father of Tagalog Drama
1. Poet of the Heart Lope K. Santos
(Makata ng Puso) - CCP Theatre was named
- Banaag at Sikat him – Tanghalang Aurelio
Tolentino
- A Filipino playwright and - Pen name: Tandang - Ang Asawa nga Dala sa
dramatist whose works at Anong akong Uyoan (1941)
the turn of the 20th century
depict his desire to see - Nena at Neneng - Maayong Ngalan (1937)
Philippine Independence won prizes in Bisaya
from its colonizers. Faustino S. Aguilar Literary Contest

- Born in Santo Cristo, - A Filipino author whose - A poet, fictionist and an

Guagua, Pampanga. works were on the side of essayist.
social realism.
- 3rd and youngest child of Iñigo Ed. Regalado
Leonardo Toletino and - Known during the
Patrona Valenzuela American colonization - Tilamsik (1964) –
period in the Philippines as Awarded Work
- Against Invaders – A a Journalist and editor of
play of struggle vs. Taliba. - The Compilation
Imperialist powers. “Damdamin” – Awarded
- Pinaglahuan (Author) Work
Severino Reyes
- Most of his novels talked - “Prinsesa Urduja” – a
- Walang Sugat about violence and play presented in the
injustice in the society cultural center of the
- Pen Name: Lola Basyang during his time. Philippines.

- Father of Tagalog Plays - “Pinaglahuan” is a English Writers in the

tagalog-language novel. Philippines
- Father of the tagalog
zarzuela - Novel was published by 1. Carlos Romulo
Manila Filateco in Manila,
Marcel M. Navarra Philippines In 1907 2. Vicente Hilario

- Father of Modern Magdalena Gonzaga 3. Jorge C. Bacobo

Cebuano literature Jalandoni
4. Mauro Mendez
- Born in Tuyon Carcar - Filipino Feminist Writer
• Works are spiced with
Spend most of his life - Remembered as one of humor, wit, and satire.
writing almost 80 short the most prolific Filipino
stories which were writers in Hiligaynon English Short
published in Cebuano Language Story/Informal Essay
magazines: Bisaya, Writers
Alimyon, and Bulak - “Anabella”
1. Ignacio Manlapaz
- First Short Story: Tungod Gardeopatra Quijano
sa kayagang (1931) 2. Federico Mangahas
- Well known feminist
- Editor of the 2 most writer born in Alcantara, 3. Francisco B. Icasiano
popular Cebuano Cebu (27 April 2018)
magazine: Bisaya and 4. Godfredo Rivera
Bagong-Suga - “Kon” (If)
5. Salvador P. Lopez
- Stopped Writing after last - Wrote over 50 stories
work: Si Zosimo (1955) before and after the war, 6. Jose Lansang
published in various
- Cebuano publications. 7. Amando G. Dayrit

Valeriano Hernandez Peña Francisco Benitez

- First Editor of Philippine - Ilokano Writer in - “The Bamboo Dancers”
Journal of Education English, Patriot, and
Martyr. - “The Land and the Rain”
- Became Dean of UP
College of Education - Best craftsman among - “The Happiest Boy in the
Filipino fictionist in World”
Paz Marquez Benitez English whose voice is
really authentic voice. - “Children of the Ash-
- 1st Filipino Modern Covered Loam”
English Language Short Wilfredo Ma. Guererro
Stoy writer Japanese Literature
- A Filipino playwright,
- One of the Founders of teacher, and theatre artist. Japanese stopped most
the Philippine Womens English newspapers
College - The 1st Filipino to have a
theatre named after him – • Tribune
- Dead Stars (1925) – stand The Wilfredo Ma.
out as a model of Guerrero Theatre of the • Philippine Review
perfection in Character de University of the
Lineation, local color, plot, Philippines. • Pillar
and message.
- Masterpiece “Wanted a • Free Philippines
Zoilo Galang Chaperon”
• Filipina
- A Child of Sorrow – First Nick Joaquin
Filipino Novel Written in Victoria Abelardo
English. - Pen name: Quijano de
Manila • Has described Filipino
- Nadia (1929) writing during the
- “May Day Eve” Japanese occupation as
- Encyopedia of the being pessimistic and
Philippines (1957) - “The Woman who had bitter.
two navels”
- Filipino Encyopedist Nicanor Sta. Ana
- “A portrait of the artist as
- 1st English Language a Filipino” • Kundiman Composer
Filipino Novelist
- “Summer Solstice” Weekly liwayway was
Jose Garcia Villa placed under strict
N.V.M Gonzales surveillance until it was
- Pen Name – Doveglion managed by a Japanese
Nestor Vicente Madali named Ishiwara.
- “Comma Poet” Gonzalez
The only contact with the
- Masterpiece – Footnote - Planca Memorial outside world was done
of Youth Awardee of Literature with utmost secrecy
through the underground
Manuel Estabilla Arguilla - National Artist Award for radio program called voice
Literature of freedom.
- How my brother Leon
brought home a wife. - Centennial Award for Many of the plays were
Literature reproductions of English
- A Son is Born plays to tagalog.
- “Winds of April”
- Epilogue to Reconciation The translators were
- “A Season of Grace” Francisco Soc Rodrigo,
Alberto Concio, and
Narciso Pimentel – they o 2nd Line have 7 syllables - Longest of the Japanese
founded the organization poems.
of Filipino plays named o 3rd Line have 5 syllables
Dramatic Philippines. - Has 5 lines with 31
- Allegorical in meaning, is syllables
Playwrights short and covers a wide
scope in meaning. - 57577
• Jose Ma. Hernandez –
“Panday Pira” - Describes beauty of - Type of Tanka
nature. And uses senses.
• Francisco Soc Rodrigo – o Karaniwang Anyo
“Sa Pula, Sa Puti”  Haiku by Gonzalo K.
Flores Filipino Short Story during
• Clodualdo de Mundo – Japanese Period
“Bulaga” (An expression - “Tutubi”
in game: Hide and Seek) • Brigido Batungbakal
- “Anyaya”
• Julian Cruz Balmaceda  “Nagbibihis na ang
• Tanaga Nayon”
- “Sino Ba Kayo”?
- A type of Filipino poem, • Macario Pineda
- “Dahil sa Anak” consisting of 4 lines with
seven syllables each with  “Suyuan sa Tubigan”
- “Higante ng Patay” the same rhyme at the end
of each line • Serafin Guinigundo
Filipino Poetry during
Japanese Period - 7-7-7-7 syllable verse  “Nagmamadali ang
Maynila”
Themes Include: - AABB rhyme scheme
• Uwayway Arceo
• Nationalism - It is short but has
measuring and rhyme  “Uhaw ang Tigang na
• Country Lupa”
 Tanaga by Ildefonso
• Love Santos • Narciso Reyes

• Life in the Barrios - Palay  “Lupang Tinubuan”

• Faith - Kabibi • Nestor Vicente Madali
Gonzalez
• Religion • Senryu
 Lunsod Nayon at Dagat-
• Arts - 3 lines similar to haiku Dagatan
structure with 5-7-5 but
Five (5) types of poems differs from the latter • Ligaya Perez
during the Japanese Period rhyme.
 Mga Batong Hiyas
• Haiku - Subject: Human Nature
• Gloria Guzman
- A poem of free verse that - Tone is satirical and
the Japanese like ironical  Bakasyon Grande
- It was made up of 17 - Examples of Senryu: 1945 Judges
syllables divided into 3 Sho-gun and Salarin.
lines.
• Francisco Icasiano
• Tanka
o 1st Line have 5 syllables
• Jose Esperanze Cruz • Francisco B. Icasiasiano  Founded, edited and
published the provincial
• Antonio Rosales - Wrote essays in the weekly Newspaper
Philippine Review.
• Clodualdo de Mundo  The Aklan Reporter
- Mang Kiko
• Teodoro Santos One-Act Play Plot
 “Of Old Things and
Winners New” (Short Story) • Elisa Tabuñar

1.) Narciso Reyes – • Carlos Bulosan  Debut

“Lupang Tinubuan”
 “The Laughter of my Commonwealth Literary
2.) Uwayway Arceo – father" Awards
“Uhaw ang Tigang na
Lupa”  “The voice of Bataan” • Rafael Zulueta da Costa
(Poetry)
3.) NVM Gonzales –  “Six Filipino Poets”
“Lunsod Nayon at Dagat-  “Like the Molave”
Dagatan” • Alfredo Litiatco
• Manuel E. Arguilla
Philippine Literature in  “With Harp and Sling” (Short Story)
English
• Jose P. Laurel  “How my brother Leon
• Carlos P. Romulo brought home a wife”
 “Forces that Make a
- Won Pulitzer Awards for Nation Great” • Salvador P. Lopez
his best seller (Essay)
Novels
 “I saw the fail of the  Literature and Society
Philippines, I see the • Juan Cabreros Laya
Philippines Rise” • Juan Laya (Novel)
 “His Native Soil”
 “Mother America and  His Native Soil
my Brother” • President Manuel L.
Quezon Journalists
• Nick Joaquin
 The Good Fight • Salvador P. Lopez
 Produced “The woman
who looked like Lazarus” • Juan Collas • Leon Ma. Guerrero
• Fred Ruiz Castro • Raul Manglapus
 Translated Rizal’s “Mi
Ultimo Adios”
- Father of the Integrated • Carlos Bulosan
Bar od the Philippines • Tomas Confessor
 Carlos Palanca
- Wrote a few poems Memorial Awards for
 “Diary of Tomas
Confessor” Literature
 SCRA – “Supreme Court
Reports Annotated” - Known to be the most
- World War II Resistance
Leader of Panay: he was prestigious and longest-
Essay the Chief of National running award-giving body
Cooperatives Association. in the field of literature,
• Salvador P. Lopez equivalent to the world-
• Roman A. Dela Cruz renowned Pulitzer Prize.
 Literature and Society
 Carlos Palanca (Tan
Quien Sien)

 Col. Carlos Palanca y

Guiterrez – Spanish leader
in China

 Don Carlos Palanca

 Gobernadorcillo