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Thermal Properties of Textile Fiber Introduction of Thermal Property

This document discusses the thermal properties of textile fibers. It defines thermal properties and lists some key ones: thermal conductivity, melting transition temperature, glass transition temperature, heat setting, thermal expansion, heat of wetting/absorption, and flammability. It then goes into further detail on thermal conductivity, factors that affect it, and typical values for different fibers. It also covers heat setting types and temperatures, glass transition temperature, melting temperature, heat setting of specific fibers, thermal expansion, and flammability.

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Rashedul Islam
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873 views6 pages

Thermal Properties of Textile Fiber Introduction of Thermal Property

This document discusses the thermal properties of textile fibers. It defines thermal properties and lists some key ones: thermal conductivity, melting transition temperature, glass transition temperature, heat setting, thermal expansion, heat of wetting/absorption, and flammability. It then goes into further detail on thermal conductivity, factors that affect it, and typical values for different fibers. It also covers heat setting types and temperatures, glass transition temperature, melting temperature, heat setting of specific fibers, thermal expansion, and flammability.

Uploaded by

Rashedul Islam
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Thermal Properties of Textile Fiber

Introduction of thermal property: The property which is


shown by a textile fiber when it is subjected to
heating is called thermal property.
Thermal property is included:
 Thermal conductivity
 Melting transition temperature
 Glass transition temperature
 Heat setting
 Thermal expansion
 Heat of wetting or heat absorption
 Flammability

Thermal conductivity : Thermal conductivity is the rate of


heat transfer in degree along the body of textile fiber by conduction.
(The thermal conductivity of textile fiber depends to a much greater
extent on the air entrapped within it than on the fiber conductivity)
1. Higher thermal conductivity indicates that the fiber is more
conductive.
2. In winter session, lower conductivity fiber dresses are more
suitable to wear.

Factors affecting thermal conductivity : Thermal


conductivity mainly depends on following matters
 Temperature
 Degree of crystallinity
 Density of polymer
 Orientation of chain segments
 Structure

Typical value of thermal conductivity of some


fibers:

SL FIBER Thermal
conductivity
1 Silk 50
2 Wool 54
3 Cotton 71
4 Polyester 140
5 PVC 160
6 Nylon 250
7 Polyethylene 340
Heat setting: Heat-setting is a heat treatment by which shape
retention, crease resistance, resilience and elasticity are imparted to the
fibers.

Types of heat-setting
There are three types of heat-setting
1. Temporary heat setting
2. Semi-permanent heat setting
3. Permanent heat setting

GLASS TRANSITION TEMPERATURE :


The mechanical properties of polymers radically change at the glass
transition temperature Tg; molecular motion is the underlying cause of
the change. Below Tg there is no translational or rotational motion of the
atoms that make up the polymer backbone, but these motions are present
above Tg. Below Tg, polymers are relatively hard, inflexible and brittle,
whilst above it they are soft and flexible. The terms glassy, and rubbery
or leathery are used to describe properties in the two temperature
regions.
Melting temperature
The temperature at which the fiber melt completely is called first order
transition temperature or melting temperature. It is denoted by Tm.
1. At melting temperature fiber losses its density and convert it into a
viscos liquid.
2. At melting temperature fiber also losses its strength and some
molecules weight.

Heat setting of some fibers :


Fiber Minimum Maximum Time
temperature temperature in sec

Triacetate 160 180 15-40

Polyamide 160 180 15-40


6
Polyamide 170 210 15-40
6:6
Elastomer 170 180-200 15-40
s
Acrylic 160 180-200 15-40

Polyester 170 210 15-50

Thermal expansion: Thermal expansion can be measured by


co-efficient of thermal expansion and which is defined as the fraction
increase in length of a specimen to rise in temperature by 1oC.

coefficient of thermal expansion formula


Flammability: Flammability is defined as how easily smoothing
will burn or ignite, causing fiber or combustion. It is measured by
passing a mixture of oxygen and nitrogen over a bearing specimen, and
reducing the oxygen level until a critical level is raised.

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