Bible Readings

Home Circle
A Topical Study of the Bible, Systematically
Arranged for Home and Private Study

Containing
Two Hundred Readings, in Which Are Answered
Nearly Four Thousand Questions on Im-
portant Religious Subjects, Con-
tributed by a Large Num-
ber of Bible Students

NEW, REVISED, AND

ENLARGED EDITION

Over 1,250,000 Copies of Former Edition Sold

1 930
REVIEW & HERALD PUBLISHING ASSOCIATION
WASHINGTON, D. C.
Printed in the U. S. A.
 • COPYRIGHTED . 1914 BY

REVIEW AND HERALD PUBLISHING ASSOCIATION

COPYRIGHTED IN LONDON, ENGLAND

ALL RIGHTS RESERVED

 CONTENTS
PAGE
THE VALUE OF BIBLE STUDY 9
PUBLISHERS' NOTE . 12
PART I
THE BIBLE; HOW TO STUDY AND UNDERSTAND IT
THE SCRIPTURES : . . 13
THE STUDY OF THE SCRIPTURES 15
POWER IN THE WORD . 18
THE LIFE-GIVING WORD . 21
CHRIST IN ALL THE BIBLE . 23
PART II
SIN; ITS ORIGIN, RESULTS, AND REMEDY
CREATION AND THE CREATOR . . 26
THE ORIGIN OF EVIL . . 28
THE FALL AND REDEMPTION OF MAN . 30
CREATION AND REDEMPTION . . . 33
THE CHARACTER AND ATTRIBUTES OF GOD 36
THE LOVE OF GOD . . 38
THE DEITY OF CHRIST . . 40
PROPHECIES RELATING TO CHRIST . 42
CHRIST THE WAY 0E/LIFE . 46
SALVATION ONLY THROUGH CHRIST 49,
PART HI'
THE WAY TO CHRIST
FAITH • 51
HOPE• • 53-
REPENTANCE . . . 56
CONFESSION AND FORGIVENESS ' . 57
CONVERSION, OR THE NEW BIRTH 61
BY4PTISM . . . • • 64
RECONCILED TO GOD . . 67
ACCEPTANCE WITH GOD 68
JUSTIFICATION BY FAITH. 71
RIGHTEOUSNESS AND LIFE 75. .
CONSECRATION . .
BIBLE ELECTION . . 79
BIBLE SANCTIFICATION 81
[3]
4 BIBLE READINGS

IMPORTANCE OF SOUND DOCTRINE . . 84

PRESENT TRUTH . . 87
THE OBEDIENCE OF FAITH . . 91

PART IV
LIFE, PARABLES, AND MIRACLES OF CHRIST
BIRTH, CHILDHOOD, AND EARLY LIFE OF CHRIST • 95
CHRIST'S MINISTRY . . 98
CHRIST THE GREAT TEACHER . 101
PARABLES OF CHRIST . 103
MIRACLES OF CHRIST . 104
SUFFERINGS OF CHRIST . . • • • 108
THE RESURRECTION OF CHRIST • 112
A SINLESS LIFE . . . 115
OUR PATTERN . . . • 116
OUR HELPER AND FRIEND . . . 117

PART V
THE HOLY SPIRIT
THE HOLY SPIRIT AND HIS WORK . . 119
FRUIT OF THE SPIRIT . . . ▪ . 121
GIFTS OF THE SPIRIT . . . 124
THE GIFT OF PROPHECY . . • . 125
THE OUTPOURING OF THE SPIRIT . 129

PART VI
THE SURE WORD OF PROPHECY
PROPHECY; WHY GIVEN • • . . 133
NEBUCHADNEZZAR'S DREAM . 135
THE GOSPEL OF THE KINGDOM . . 140
FOUR GREAT MONARCHIES . . . . 143
THE KINGDOM AND WORK OF ANTICHRIST • 147
THE VICAR OF CHRIST • • • 152
A GREAT PROPHETIC PERIOD • • . • 158
THE ATONEMENT IN TYPE AND ANTITYPE 165
THE JUDGMENT I • • • • • 0 • . 170
THE JUDGMENT-HOUR MESSAGE . 174
THE FALL OF MODERN BABYLON . • • • 177
THE CLOSING GOSPEL MESSAGE . . . 181
SATAN'S WARFARE AGAINST THE CHURCH . • 185
A GREAT PERSECUTING POWER . . 188
MAKING AN IMAGE TO THE BEAST 191
THE SEVEN CHURCHES . 198
THE SEVEN SEALS . 202
 CONTENTS 5

THE SEVEN TRUMPETS . . 206

THE EASTERN QUESTION . . 213
THE SEVEN LAST PLAGUES . . 217
THE MYSTERY OF GOD FINISHED . . 222

PART VII
COMING EVENTS AND SIGNS OF THE TIMES
OUR LORD'S GREAT PROPHECY . 225
SIGNS OF THE TIMES . . 231
INCREASE OF KNOWLEDGE . . . 237
CONFLICT BETWEEN CAPITAL AND LABOR . 239
CHRIST'S SECOND COMING • 242
MANNER OF CHRIST'S COMING • 246
OBJECT OF CHRIST'S COMING . ▪ 248
THE RESURRECTION OF THE JUST 250
THE WORLD'S CONVERSION . • 252
THE GATHERING OF ISRAEL . . 257
THE MILLENNIUM . . . ▪ 259
LENGTH OF THE DAY OF THE LORD 264
ELIJAH THE PROPHET ▪ 265

PART VIII
THE LAW OF GOD
l'HE TEN COMMANDMENTS • 269
PERPETUITY OF THE LAW . . . • 274
WHY THE LAW WAS GIVEN AT SINAI . . 278
PENALTY FOR TRANSGRESSION . . . ▪ 281
THE LAW OF GOD IN THE PATRIARCHAL AGE . 283
THE LAW OF GOD IN THE NEW TESTAMENT • 285
THE MORAL AND CEREMONIAL LAWS . . • 288
THE Two COVENANTS . . . • 293
WHAT WAS ABOLISHED BY CHRIST . 299
THE LAW AND THE GOSPEL . . • • • 303

PART IX
THE SABBATH
INSTITUTION OF THE SABBATH . • 307
GOD'S MEMORIAL . . . . . . 309
REASONS FOR SABBATH-KEEPING . . • 312
MANNER OF OBSERVING THE SABBATH • • 316
CHRIST AND THE SABBATH . . . 319
E SABBATH IN.THE NEW TESTAMENT . 323
THE CHANGE OF THE SABBATH . . . • • 327
THE SEAL OF GOD AND THE MARK OF APOSTASY . 333
6 BIBLE READINGS
THE LORD'S DAY . . • 337
WALKING AS HE WALKED 340
THE SABBATH IN HISTORY . 342
SABBATH REFORM 348
PART X
CHRISTIAN LIBERTY
THE AUTHOR OF LIBERTY . . 354
THE POWERS THAT BE . 357
INDIVIDUAL ACCOUNTABILITY 363
UNION OF CHURCH AND STATE . 364
SABBATH LEGISLATION . . ), . :•368
WHO PERSECUTE AND WHY •371
PART XI T.T .
LIFE ONLY IN CHRIST 3117.:
IGIN, HISTORY, AND DESTINY OF SATAN . 375
IIA.T Is MAN? :,380
IA 'E ONLY IN CHRIST .
THE INTERMEDIATE STATE ▪ 385
THE TWO RESURRECTIONS . 387
FATE OF THE TRANSGRESSOR - . . • 391
THE MINISTRATION OF GOOD ANGELS . . 395
THE DARK MINISTRIES OF BAD ANGELS
SPIRITUALISM . . • 403
PART
CHRISTIAN GROWTH AND EXPERIENCE
GROWTH IN GRACE . - 409
THE CHRISTIAN ARMOR . 410
WALKING IN THE LIGHT 413
SA.*ING FAITH . . . .
:•.:Tvt::• 416
TRIALS AND THEIR OBJECT 418
OVERCOMING . . . . 420
THE MINISTRY OF SORROW 422
COMFORT IN AFFLICTION 423
TRUSTING IN JESUS . ....- 427
PATIENCE . . ' 428
CONTENTMENT . : , 430
CHEERFULNESS . . 431
CHRISTIAN COURTESY . . . . . . - 434
CONFESSING FAULTS AND 'FORGIVING , ONE ANE,THER, . 434
THE DUTY OF ENCOURAGEMENT . 437
UNITY OF BELIEVERS . . .438
 CONTENTS 7

MEEKNESS AND HUMILITY 441

SOBRIETY . 443
WISDOM 445
DILIGENCE . . 447
PERFECTION OF CHARACTER 449
SOWING AND REAPING . 451

PART XIII
PRAYER AND PUBLIC WORSHIP
IMPORTANCE OF PRAYER 453
MEDITATION AND PRAYER 455
WATCHING UNTO PRAYER . 457
ANSWERS TO PRAYER . 458
PUBLIC WORSHIP . . 461
REVERENCE FOR THE HOUSE OF GOD 463
CHRISTIAN COMMUNION . 465
PRAISE AND THANKSGIVING . 467
THE VALUE OF SONG . . 468

PART XIV
CHRISTIAN SERVICE
THE GIFT OF GIVING 471
PREACHING THE GOSPEL . . 472
TUE SHEPHERD AND HIS WORK . • • 474•
MISSIONARY WORK . . 477
THE POOR, AND OUR DUTY TOWARD THEM 479
CHRISTIAN HELP WORK 481
VISITING THE SICK . 483
HEALING THE SICK . • 484
PRISON WORK . . 486
ORDER AND ORGANIZATION • 488
SUPPORT OF THE. MINISTRY 490
FREE-WILL OFFERINGS . ▪ 492
HOSPITALITY . . . 494
WHO IS THE GREATEST? . 495

PART XV
ADMONITIONS AND WARNINGS
PRIDE • 497
SELFISHNESS 497
COVETOUSNESS . • 0,110)'•!:71,11.• 498
DEBTS . . . . 03-
RESPECT OF PERSONS . 505
BACKSLIDING 507
8 BIBLE READINGS

UNBELIEF 509
JUDGING • . • 512
GOSSIPING AND BACKBITING . 514
ENVY, JEALOUSY, AND HATRED . 516
HYPOCRISY . . . . 517
DANGER. IN REJECTING LIGHT . 518
THE JUST RECOMPENSE . 519

PART XVI
THE HOME
THE MARRIAGE INSTITUTION . 521
A HAPPY HOME, AND How TO MAKE IT 524
RELIGION IN THE HOME . . 527
HONOR DUE TO PARENTS 529
CHILD TRAINING . . 531
THE MOTHER . . . . 533
TEACHING THE CHILDREN . • • . 535
PROMISES FOR THE CHILDREN . 537
EVILS OF CITY LIFE . . . 538
PURITY . . 540

PART XVII
HEALTH AND TEMPERANCE
GOOD HEALTH . . 543
CHRISTIAN TEMPERANCE . 544
Evils OF INTEMPERANCE 547
THE WORLD'S CURSE . . 549
SCRIPTURE ADMONITIONS . 553
TRUE TEMPERANCE REFORM . . 554

PART XVIII
THE KINGDOM RESTORED
THE KINGDOM OF GLORY . . 556
THE SAINTS' INHERITANCE . • 556
PROMISES TO THE OVERCOMER 558
THE SUBJECTS OF THE KINGDOM . 559
ETERNAL LIFE . . . 562
THE HOME OF THE SAVED • • . 563
THE NEW JERUSALEM 567
THE CONFLICT ENDED . • • • • 570
PLEASURES FOREVERMORE • • 571
INDEX . . . . 573
 THE VALUE OF BIBLE STUDY
THE Bible is God's great text-book for man. It is His
lamp to our feet and light to our path in this world of sin. The
value of Bible study cannot therefore be overestimated.
Considered from a literary standpoint alone, the Bible
stands preeminent. Its terse, chaste style; its beautiful and
impressive imagery; its interesting stories and well-told nar-
ratives; its deep wisdom and its sound logic; its dignified lan-
guage and its elevated themes, all make it worthy of universal
reading and careful study.
As an educating power, the Bible has no equal. Nothing
so broadens the vision, strengthens the mind, elevates the
thoughts, and ennobles the affections as does the study of the
sublime and stupendous truths of revelation. A knowledge of
its principles is an essential preparation to every calling. To
the extent that it is studied and its teachings are received, it
gives strength of character, noble ambition, keenness of per-
ception, and sound judgment. Of all the books ever written,
none contains lessons so instructive, precepts so pure, or prom-
ises so great as the Bible.
There is nothing that so convinces the mind of the inspira-
tion of the -Bible as does the reading of the Bible itself, and
especially those portions known as the prophecies. After the
resurrection of Christ, when everything else seemed to have
failed to convince the disciples that He had risen from the dead,
He appealed to the inspired Word, and " expounded unto
them in all the Scriptures the things concerning Himself "
(Luke 24: 25-27), and they believed. On another occasion He
said, " If they hear not Moses and the prophets, neither will they
be persuaded, though one rose from the dead." Luke 16:31.
As a guide, the Bible is without a rival. It gives a calm
peace in believing, and a firm hope of the future. It solves
the great problem of life and destiny, and inspires to a life of
purity, patience, and well-doing. It fills the heart with love
for God and a desire to do good to others, and thus prepares
for usefulness here and for a home in heaven. It teaches the
value of the soul, by revealing the price that has been paid to
redeem it. It makes known the only antidote for sin, and
presents the only perfect code of morals ever given. It tells
of the future and the preparation necessary to meet it. It
makes us bold for the right, and sustains the soul in adversity
~ • rk vane of death and
points to a life unending. It leads to God, and to Christ, Whom
to know is life eternal. In short, it is the one book to live by
and die by.
191
10 BIBLE READINGS

As the Icing' of Israel, was. instroctedto 'write him a copy of

the law, and to read therein "all the days of his life," that he
might "rear the Lord," keep His .tiord, and thtis prolong his
days and the days of 'his children' (neut. 18=20), so ought
men, now id:Study the Bible, and' rem it learn that fear which
is the beginning-Of wisdom, =and thatiurovoledge i0.'litChla unto .
salvation. As aid and incentive to-this; '`17lible Readings
for'the Horne'Cirele"'hai been prepared and published.
Bible.Readifts; Their Yalue and. Use
Briefly stated, a Bible reading consists Of questions asked
concerning some snbjebt, and answers to them froth the Bible.
In, other words, Bible readings mean, a topical study of the
Bible by, means of questions Oa ahNYer4-.
fn 01)er receiving or linpai;ting IspoWledge, there is nothing
like CR iinterrogation-point: NothIng so"readily quickens
thotight aWitkefis interest, as a qUestiou. Children would
learn little if they asked no Oestions, and he Would indeed be
a poor teacher who asked and answered.; none.
'EnoWing the value of this means awakening thought,
arousing interest, and imparting information, God, in His wis-
dom, inspired those -Who wrote the Bible, to ask many questions,
that He might set tis,to thinking and.. stUdylng about the great
themes with whieh it'dealS, 'Syes Job' 38: 4, 7; 14: 14; PS"..8: 4;
Mal. 3: 1, 2, 8; Ex,.32:',.26;1.chp#, 29:5.
But God not ofity. asks qUeStionS; I e answers them. The
following may be cited as a few short Bible readings, taken,
both questions and answers, directly from the Bible itself : --
"What man is he that desiretb life,. and loveth many days,
that he may see good? •
cep thy tongue, from and thy lips from speaking
guile. Depart from evil, and do :good; seek peace, and pursue
it." Ps. 34:_ 12-14.
"Who bath woe? who hath sorrow? who bath contentions?
who hath babbling? who bath wounds without cause? who bath
redness of eyes?
"They that tarry long,at the wine; they that go to seek
mixed wine." Prov. 23: 29, 30;
" Who shall. ascend into the hill of the Lord?. or who shall
stand in His holy place? .
"He that bath clean hands, .and: a Ipure heart; who hath
not lifted up his soul unto vanity,] nor sworn deceitfully.. He
shall receive the blessing from the Lora, and righteousness
from the God of his salvation." Ps-. 24: 3,5. See also Psalm
15, and Isa. 33: 14-17.
 THE VALUE OF BIBLE STUDY 11
The Bible itself, therefore, sets the example of giving in-
struction and of imparting most valuable information by means
of asking questions and answering them.
The readings in this book as originally prepared, were con-
tributed by a large number of Bible workers, whose experience
in giving Bible readings had taught them the most effective
methods of presenting the different subjects treated. Over one
million two hundred and fifty thousand copies of the book as
thus prepared, have been sold.
The work has recently been thoroughly revised and re-
written, much enlarged, entirely reillustrated, with the read-
ings classified and carefully arranged according to topics, by a
large committee of able critics and Bible students. So exten-
sive has been the revision, and so much and valuable the new
matter added, that the present work is practically a new book,
although retaining the same name and the same general plan
as,the former work. Thus prepared, it is once more sent forth
qn its mission of light and blessing.
As a helP in enabling the reader quickly to discover the
Wa'r'ds which most directly answer the question asked, they are
generally printed in italic, unless the entire scripture quoted is
required for the purpose.
"Bible Readings" will be found an excellent aid to private,
farnily, and public study of the Word of God.
 NOTE
THIS plain edition of " Bible Readings for the Home
Circle " is published in response to an urgent demand from
gospel workers for these valuable readings in compact form.
The subscription edition contains 800 pages, is printed on
heavy paper, and has about 300 illustrations. It is too large
and heavy to carry about conveniently.
This thin paper edition contains all the readings complete,
and the type work is uniform with the regular book. We
trust it will meet the need of those workers who wish to have
these readings always near them for reference.
TKE PUBLISHERS
 PART I
The Bible; How to Study and Understand It

THE SCRIPTURES
1. By what name are the sacred writings of the Bible com-
monly known?
"Jesus saith unto them, Did ye never read in the Scriptures,
The stone which the builders rejected, the same is become the
head of the corner?" Matt. 21:42.
2. What other title is given this revelation of God to man?
"And He answered and said unto them, My mother and
My brethren are these which hear the word of God, and do it."
Luke 8:21.
3. How were the Scriptures given?
"All scripture is given by inspiration of God." 2 Tim. 3:16.
4. By whom were the men directed who thus spoke for God?
"For the prophecy came not in old time by the will of man:
but holy men of God spoke as they were moved by the Holy
Ghost." 2 Peter 1:21.
5. What specific instance is mentioned by Peter?
"Men and brethren, this scripture must needs have been
fulfilled, which the Holy Ghost by the mouth of David spake before
concerning Judas, which was guide to them that took Jesus."
Acts 1:16.
6. How does David express this same truth?
"The Spirit of the Lord spake by me, and His word was in
my tongue." 2 Sam. 23:2.
7. Who, therefore, did the speaking through these men?
"God, who at sundry times and in divers manners spake in
time past unto the fathers by the prophets." Heb. 1:1.

"For whatsoever things were written aforetime were writ-

ten for our learning, that we through patience and comfort of
the Scriptures might have hope." Rom. 15:4.
1131
14 BIBLE READINGS

9. For what is all scripture profitable?

"All scripture is given by inspiration of God, and is profit-
able for doctrine, for reproof, Al.,: correction, for instruction in
righteousness." 2 Tim. 3: 16.
10. wets ttoes 'de1igii' in IhUS'giVing ' the' Scriptures?
"That the man of God may be perfect, throughly furnished
unto all good works." Verse 17.
11. What estimate did Jelf Vice upon the words of God?
"Neither have I gone back from the commandment of His
lips; I have esteemed the words of Hit'mouth more than my neces-
sary food." Job 23 12.
12. Upon what evidence did Jesus base His Messiahship?
"And beginning at MoseS and all the prophets, He expounded
unto them in all the scriptures the 'things concerning Himself."
Luke 24:27.
13. What three general divisions did Jesus recognize as in-
cluding all the writings of the Old-TeStanient?
"And He said unto them, Thebelre the *ordS*hich I spake
unto you, while I, was yet with #pu,. thAt all things must be
fulfilled, which were written in the law of Moses, and in the
prophets, and in the. Psalms, concerning
• Me. Verse 44. •
14. What does God's character preclude Him from doing?
"In hope.of eternal life, which God, that cannot lie, promised
before the world began." Titus 1: 2.
15. What isGva'clato in the Scriptures?
(!lie is the Rock; His' work is perfect; •for all His-ways are
judgment: a God of truth and without iniquity, just. and right
is He." DeuP, 32:4. Fr r L
16. What, therefore, niiSt be'the eharieteri of _HiS word?
"Sanctifythemthrough
John 17: 17.
ha
truth: .• tr
;
17. What test Should therefore be applied to every pro-
fessed teacher of truth? • - •
"To the law and to the testimony: if they speak not accord-
ing to this word, it is because there is nor,light in thenii" Isa.
8:. 20. .
18. What does God design that His wwid -Mall be to:us in
this world of darkness; sin, and death?
 "THE SCRIPTURE'S 15
"Thy word is. 'a• /amp mato my feeti. and a light unto my
path." Ps. 119:.105. .
19. To what extent has God Thagnified His word?.
"Thou hast magnified Thy word -above all Dig name." Ps.-
138:2.
NOTE.- God did this by backing His promises with an oath based
upon Himself.: Heb. 6: 13, 14, .By:: this, He pledged and placed at stake
His name, or character, for the- fplfilment of Ilia word.
20. In what is the true poetry oflife to be found?
"Thy statutes have been My:songs in the house of my pil-
grimage." Ps. 119: 54.
21. How long will the worclog God endure?
"The grass withereth, the flower fadeth: but the word of our
God shall stand forever." Isa. 40: "Heaven and earth shall
pass away, but My words shall not- pass away." Matt. 24: 35.

THE STUDY OF THE SCRIPTURES

1. WHAT did Christ say to the Jews concerning the study
of the Scriptures?
"Search the Scriptures; for in them ye, think ye have eternal
life: and they are they which testify of Me." John 5: 39.
2. For what were the Bereans commended?
"These were more noble than those in .Thessalonica, in that
they received the word with all readiness of mind, and searched
the Scriptures daily, whether those things were so." Acts 17: 11.
NOTE.— "If God's Word were studied as it should be;" says a modern
Bible student, "men would have a breadth of mind, .a nobility of- character,
and a stability of purpose that are rarely seen in these times. Btit .tnere
is little benefit derived from a hasty reading of the Scriptures. One- may
read the'wholeBilale through, and yet fail to see its beauty or comprehend
its deep and hidden meaning. One passage studied until its significance
is clear to the mind and its relation to the plan of salvation is evident, is
of more value than thb perusal of many chaik‘re, with no definite purpose
in view, and no positive instruction gained."
3. By vihat ciimparison
. is it indicated that some. portions
of God's Word are more difficult to underStand than others?
"For When for the time ye oli.gfht to be teachers, ye have-
need that7iiiie-teiCh you again which be 4V-first principles of
-the oracles: of are:..be_come such as have need of milk,
and not of strong meat." Heb. .5; 12;
16 BIBLE READINGS

4. In what way is this comparison further explained?

"For every one that useth milk is unskilful in the word of
righteousness: for he is a babe. But strong meat belongeth to
them that are of full age, even those who by reason of use have
their senses exercised to discern both good and evil." Verses
13, 14.
5. What writings are specifically mentioned as containing
some things difficult to understand?
"And account that the long-suffering of our Lord is sal-
vation; even as our beloved brother Paul also according to the
wisdom given unto him hath written unto you; as also in all
his epistles, speaking in them of these things; in which are some
things hard to be understood, which they that are unlearned and
unstable wrest, as they do also the other scriptures, unto their
own destruction." 2 Peter 3: 15, 16.
Nova.— Some scriptures are too plain to be misunderstood, while the
meaning of others cannot so readily be discerned. To obtain a compre-
hensive knowledge of any Bible truth, scripture must be compared with
scripture, and there should be "careful research and prayerful reflection."
But all such study will be richly rewarded.
6. Who alone comprehends the things of God?
" For what man knoweth the things of a man, save the
spirit of man which is in him? even so the things of God knoweth
no man, but the Spirit of God." 1 Cor. 2: 11.
7. How thoroughly does the Spirit search out the hidden
treasures of truth?
"But God hath revealed them unto us by His Spirit: for the
Spirit searcheth all things, yea, the deep things of God." Verse 10.
8. What is one purpose for which the Holy Spirit was sent?
"But the Comforter, which is the Holy Ghost, whom the
Father will send in My name, He shall teach you all things, and
bring all things to your remembrance, whatsoever I have said unto
you." John 14: 26.
9. Why cannot the natural man receive the things of the
Spirit?
"But the natural man receiveth not the things of the Spirit
of God: for they are foolishness unto him: neither can he know
them, because they are spiritually discerned." 1 Cor. 2: 14.
10. For what spiritual enlightenment should every one pray?
"Open Thou mine eyes, that I may behold wondrous things
out of Thy law." Ps. 119: 18.
 THE STUDY OF THE SCRIPTURES 17
11. For what spiritual gift did the apostle Paul pray?
"That the God of our Lord Jesus Christ, the Father of glory,
may give unto you the spirit of wisdom and revelation in the
knowledge of Him." Eph. 1: 17.
12. Upon what conditions is an understanding of divine
things promised?
"Yea, if thou criest after knowledge, and liftest up thy voice
for understanding; if thou seekest her as silver, and searchest for
her as for hid treasures; then shalt thou understand the fear of
the Lord, and find the knowledge of God." Prov. 2: 3-5.
13. What great blessing did Christ confer upon His dis-
ciples after His resurrection?
"Then opened He their understanding, that they might under-
stand the Scriptures." Luke 24: 45.
14. What beings of a higher order than man desire to study
the truths revealed in the gospel of Christ?
"Which things the angels desire to look into." 1 Peter 1: 12.
15. What is promised him who wills to do God's will?
"If any man will [willeth to, R. V.] do His will, he shall know
of the doctrine, whether it be of God, or whether I speak of
Myself." John 7: 17.
16. How did Christ reprove those who, though familiar
with the letter of the Scriptures, failed to understand them?
"Jesus answered and said unto them, Ye do err, not knowing
the Scriptures, nor the power of God." Matt. 22: 29.
17. What are the Scriptures able to do for one who believes
them?
"And that from a child thou hest known the Holy Scrip-
tures, which are able to make thee wise unto salvation through faith
which is in Christ Jesus." 2 Tim. 3: 15.
18.When asked by the rich young man the conditions of
eternal life, to what did Jesus direct his attention?
"He said unto him, What is written in the law? how read.est
thou?" Luke 10:26.
19. Whom did Jesus pionounce blessed?
"But He said, Yea rather, blessed are they that hear the word
of God, and keep it." Luke 11:28.
2
18 BIBLE READINGS

20. What did Christ say concerning the book of Daniel?

"When ye therefore shall see the abomination of desolation
spoken of by Daniel the prophet, stand in the holy place, (whoso
readeth, let him understand)." Matt. 24: 15.
21. What other book of the Bible is especially commended
for our study?
"Blessed is he that readeth, and they that hear the words
of this prophecy [the book of Revelation], and keep those things
which are written therein: for the time is at hand." Rev. 1: 3.

POWER IN THE WORD

1. THROUGH what agency did God create the heavens?
"By the word of the Lord were the heavens made; and all
the host of them by the breath of His mouth." "For He spake,
and it was done; He commanded, and it stood fast." Ps. 33:6, 9.
2. By what does Christ uphold all things?
"Upholding all things by the word of His power." Heb. 1: 3.
3. Of what are some willingly ignorant?
"For this they willingly are ignorant of, that by the word of
God the heavens were of old, and the earth standing out of the
water and in the water: whereby the world that then was, being
overflowed with water, perished." 2 Peter 3: 5, 6.
4. By what are the present heavens and earth reserved for
a similar fate?
"But the heavens and the earth, which are now, by the same
word are kept in store, reserved unto fire against the day of
judgment and perdition of ungodly men." Verse 7.
5. In what other scripture is it shown that creative power is
exercised through the word of God?
"Let them. praise the name of the Lord: for He commanded,
and they were created." Ps. ,148:5.
6. What change is wrought in one who is in Christ?
"Therefore if any man be in Christ, he is a new creature
[margin, R. V., there is a new creation]: old things are passed
away; behold, all things are become new." 2 Cor. 5; 17.
7. What is this new creation also called?
 POWER IN THE WORD 19
"Jesus answered and said unto him, Verily, verily, I say
unto thee,Except a man be born again, he cannot see the king-
dom of od." John 3: 3.
8. Through what agency is this new creation, or new birth,
accomplished?
"Being born again, not of corruptible seed, but of incor-
ruptible, by the word of God, which liveth and abideth forever."
1 Peter 1: 23.
9. What is the first creative commandment recorded in the
Bible? and what was the result of it?
"And God said, Let there be light: and there was light." Gen.
1: 3.
10. What connection is there between the creation of light
in the beginning, and the light of the gospel?
"For God, who commanded the light to shine out of dark-
ness, hath shined in our hearts, to give the light of the knowledge
of the glory of God in the face of Jesus Christ." 2 Cor. 4: 6.
11. Why were the people astonished at Christ's teaching?
"And they were astonished at His doctrine: for His word
was with power." Luke 4: 32.
12. What testified to the power of the word of Christ?
"And they were all amazed, and spake among themselves,
saying, What a word is this! for with authority and power He
commandeth the unclean spirits, and they come out." Verse 36.
13. What did Christ say is the seed of the kingdom of God?
"The seed is the word of God." Luke 8: 11.
14. Where should the word of Christ dwell?
"Let the word of Christ dwell in, you richly in all wisdom."
Col. 3: 16.
15. What did Christ say of the unbelieving Jews respecting
the word of God?
"Ye have not His word abiding in you: for whom He hath
sent, Him ye believe not." John 5: 38.
16. How does the word of God work in the believer?
"For this cause alsoa th- aik—w6-God -without seasing,--be---
cause, when ye received the word of God which ye heard of us,
ye received it not as the word of men, but as it is in truth, the
20 BIBLE READINGS

word of God, which effectually worketh also in you that believe."

1 Thess. 2:13.
17.What nature is imparted through the promises of God?
"Whereby are given unto us exceeding great and precious
promises: that by these ye might be partakers of the divine
having escaped the corruption that is in the world through
lust." 2 Peter 1: 4.
18. By what are believers made clean?
"Now ye are clean through the word which I have spoken unto
you." John 15: 3.
19. How may a young man cleanse his way?
"Wherewithal shall a young man cleanse his way? by taking
heed thereto according to Thy word." Ps. 119: 9.
20. How did God heal His people anciently?
"He sent His word, and healed them, and delivered them from
their destructions." Ps. 107: 20.
21. How did the centurion show his faith in the power of
Christ's word to heal?
"The centurion answered and said, Lord, I am not worthy
that Thou shouldest come under my roof : but speak the word
only, and my servant shall be healed." Matt. 8: 8.
22. What power has the word when hidden in the heart?
"Thy word have I hid in mine heart, that I might not sin
against Thee." Ps. 119: 11. See also Ps. 17:4.
23. Why did God humble Israel, and suffer them to hunger?
"And He humbled thee, and suffered thee to hunger and
fed thee with manna, . . . that He might make thee ,know
that man doth not live by bread only, but by every word that pro-
ceedeth out of the mouth of the Lord doth man live." Deut. 8: 3.
24. What is required beyond a mere hearing of the word?
"But be ye doers of the word, and not hearers only, deceiving
your own selves." James 1:22.
25. What is the result of doing God's will?
"And the world passeth away, and the lust thereof : but
he that doeth the will of God abideth forever." 1 John 2: 17.
 THE LIFE-GIVING WORD
1. WHAT is the nature of the word of God?
"For the word of God is quick, and powerful, and sharper
than any two-edged sword, piercing even to the dividing asunder
of soul and spirit, and of the joints and marrow, and is a dis-
cerner of the thoughts and intents of the heart." Heb. 4: 12.
2. How are the oracles of God described?
"This is he, that was in the church in the wilderness with
the angel which spake to him in the mount Sina, and with our
fathers: who received the lively oracles to give unto us." Acts
7:38. •
3. What did Christ declare His words to be?
"It is the spirit that quickeneth; the flesh profiteth nothing:
the words that I speak unto you, they are spirit, and they are
life." John 6:63.
4. What was Peter's testimony concerning Christ's words?
"Then Simon Peter answered Him, Lord, to whom shall we
go? Thou hast the words of eternal life." Verse 68.
5. What did Christ declare His Father's commandment
to be?
"And I know that His commandment is life everlasting."
John 12: 50.
6. What lesson was intended by feeding the children of
Israel with the manna?
"And He humbled thee, and suffered thee to hunger, and
fed thee with manna, which thou knewest not, neither did thy
fathers know. that He might make thee know that man doth not
live by bread only,
' but by every word that proceedeth out of the mouth
of the Lord cloth man live." Deut. 8: 3.
7. What interpretation did. Jesus give to this lesson?
"Then Jesus said unto them, Verily, verily, I say unto you,
Moses gave you not that bread from heaven; but My Father
giveth you the true bread from heaven. For the bread of God is
He which cometh down from heaven, and giveth life unto the world."
John 6:32, 33.
8. In further explanation of the meaning of this lesson,
what did Jesus declare Himself to be?
"And Jesus said unto them, I am the bread of life: he that
21
22 BIBLE READINGS

cometh to Me shall never hunger; and he that believeth on Me

shall never thirst." Verse 35.
9. What benefit is derived from eating this bread of life?
"As the living Father hath sent Me, and I live by the Father:,
so 4e thareateth Me, even he shall live by Me. This is that bread
which came down from heaven: not as your fathers did eat
manna, and are dead: he that eateth of this bread shall live for-
ever." Verses 57, 58.
10. What instance is recorded of one who fed upon the true
manna?
"Thy words were found, and I did eat them; and'Thy word
was unto me the joy and rejoicing of mine heart: for I am called
by Thy name, 0 Lord God of hosts." Jer. 15: 16.
11. What name is applied to Jesus as the revelation of the
thought of God in the flesh?
"In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with
God, and the Word was God." John 1: 1. "And He was
clothed with a vesture dipped in blood: and His name is called
The Word of God." Rev. 19: 13.
12. What was in the Word?
"In Him was life; and the life was the light of men." John
1 : 4.
13. What is Jesus therefore also called?
"That which was from the beginning, which we have heard,
which we have seen with our eyes, which we have looked upon,
and our hands have handled, of the Word of life." 1 John 1: 1.
14. Why did the Jews fail to find life in the Scriptures?
"Search the Scriptures; for in them ye think ye have eternal
life: and they are they which testify of Me. And ye will not
come to Me, that ye might have life." John 5:39, 40.
15. What constitutes a part of Christian experience?
"And have tasted the good word of God, and the powers of
the world to come." Heb. 6: 5. See answer to question 10.
16. In assigning him his life-work, what instruction did
Jesus give to Peter?
"Jesus saith unto him, Feed My sheep." John 21: 17.
17. What apostolic injunction indicates the way in which
this instruction is to be obeyed?
 THE LIFE-GIVING WORD 23
"I charge thee therefore before God, and the Lord Jesus
Christ, who shall judge the quick and the dead at His appear-
ing and His kingdom; Preach the word; be instant in season, out
of season; reprove, rebuke, exhort with all long-suffering and
doctrine." 2 Tim. 4: 1, 2.
18. How are we instructed to pray for both physical and
spiritual nourishment?
"Give us this day our daily bread." Matt. 6: 11.
NOTE.- When "the Word became flesh, and dwelt among us," the
thought of God was revealed in human flesh. When holy men of God
"spake as they were moved by the Holy Ghost," the thought of God was
revealed in human language. The union of the divine and the human in
the manifestation of God's thought in the flesh is declared to be "the mys-
tery of godliness; " and there is the same mystery in the union of the divine
thought and human language. The two revelations of God, in human flesh
and in human speech, are both called the Word of God, and both are the
Word of life. He who fails to find Christ thus in the Scriptures will not be
able to feed upon the Word as the life-giving Word.

• CHRIST IN ALL THE . BIBLE

1. OF whom did Christ say the Scriptures testify?
"Search the Scriptures; for in them ye think ye have eternal
life: and they are they which testify of Me. John 5: 39.
NoTt.—"Search the Old Testament Scriptures: for they are they that
testify of Christ. To find Him in them is the true and legitimate end of
their study. To be able to interpret them as He interpreted them is the
best result of all Biblical learning."— Dean Alford.
2. Of whom did Moses and the prophets write?
"Philip findeth Nathanael, and saith unto him, We have
found Him, of whom Moses in the law, and the prophets, did
write, Jesus of Nazareth, the son of Joseph." John 1:45.
Nova.— In her translation of the Old Testament Scriptures, Helen
Spurrell expressed the following wish for all who should read her transla-
tion: "May very many exclaim, as the translator has often done when
studying numerous passages in the original, I have found the Messiah!"
3. From whose words did Christ say the disciples ought to
have learned of His death and resurrection?
"O fools, and slow of heart to believe all that the prophets
have spoken: ought not Christ to have suffered these things,
and to enter into His glory?" Luke 24: 25, 26.
4. How did Christ make it clear to them that the Scriptures
testify of Him?
24 BIBLE READINGS

"And beginning at Moses and all the prophets, He ex-

pounded unto them in all the scriptures the things concerning
Himself." Verse 27.
5. What did He say a little later to the eleven?
"These are the words which I spake unto you, while I was
yet with you, that all Mingo must be fulftlied,'tvhich tvere -written
in the law of Moses, and in the prophets, and in the Psalms, con-
cerning Me." Verse 44.
6. Where in the Bible do we find the first promise of a Re-
deemer?
"And the Lord God said unto the serpent, . . . I will
put enmity between thee and the woman, and between thy seed
and her seed; it shall bruise thy head, and thou shalt bruise His
heel." Gen. 3: 14, 15.
7. In what words was this promise renewed to Abraham?
"In thy seed shall all the nations of the earth be blessed."
Gen. 22: 18. See also Gen. 26:4; 28:14.
8. To whom did this promised seed refer? .
"Now to Abraham and his seed were the promises made.
He saith not, And to seeds, as of many; but as of one, And to
thy seed, which is Christ." Gal. 3: 16.
9. Whom did God promise to send with Israel to guide them
into the promised land?
"Behold, I send an Angel before thee, to keep thee in the
way, and to bring thee into the place which I have prepared."
Ex. 23:20.
10. Who was the Rock that went with them?
"And did all drink the same spiritual drink: for they drank
of that spiritual Rock that followed [margin, went with] them:
and that Rock was Christ." 1 Cor. 10:4.
11. In what prophecy are Christ's life, suffering, and death
touchingly foretold?
In the fifty-third chapter of Isaiah.
12. Where is the price of Christ's betrayal foretold?
"So they weighed for My price thirty pieces of silver." Zech.
11: 12. See Matt. 26:15.
13.Where in the Psalms are Christ's dying words recorded?
"My God, My God, why hast thou forsaken Me?" Ps.
 CHRIST IN ALL THE BIBLE 25
22: 1. See Matt. 27:46. "Into Thine hand I commit My
spirit." Ps. 31: 5. See Luke 23:46.
14. How is Christ's resurrection foretold in the Psalms?
"I will declare the decree: the Lord hath said unto Me,
Thou art My Son; this day have I begotten Thee." Ps. 2: 7.
See Acts 13:33.
15. Where again in the Psalms is His resurrection foretold?
"For Thou wilt not leave My soul in hell; neither wilt Thou
suffer Thine Holy One to see corruption." Ps. 16: 10. See
Acts 2: 25-31.
•
16. In what words does Daniel foretell Christ's receiving
His kingdom?
"I saw in the night-visions, and, behold, one like the Son of
man came with the clouds of heaven, and came to the Ancient
of days, and they brought Him near before Him. And there
was given Him dominion, and glory, and a kingdom, that all
people, nations, and languages, should serve Him: His dominion
is an everlasting dominion, which shall not pass away, and His
kingdom that which shall not be destroyed." Dan. 7: 13, 14.
See also Luke 1:32, 33; 19: 11, 12; Rev. 11: 15.
17. How is Christ's second coming described in the Psalms ?
"Let the floods clap their hands: let the hills be joyful to-
gether before the Lord; for He cometh to judge the earth: with
righteousness shall He judge the world, and the people with
equity." Ps. 98: 8, 9. "Our God shall come, and shall not keep
silence: a fire shall devour before Him, and it shall be very tem-
pestuous round about Him. He shall call to the heavens from
above, and to the earth, that He may judge His people. Gather
My saints together unto Me; those that have made a covenant
with Me by sacrifice." Ps. 50: 3-5.
18. What is Christ to one renewed after God's image?
"Christ is all, and in all." Col. 3: 11.

A GLORY in the Word we find

When grace restores our sight;
But sin has darkened all the mind,
And veiled the heavenly light.
When God's own Spirit clears our view,
How bright the doctrines shine!
Their holy fruits and sweetness show
Their Author is divine.
CAMPBELL'S COLLECTION.
 PART II
Sin; Its Origin, Results, and Remedy

CREATION AND THE CREATOR

1. BY whom were the heavens and the earth created?
"In the beginning God created the heaven and the earth."
Gen. 1: 1.
2. Through whom did God create all things?
"For by Him [the Son] were all things created, that are in
heaven, and that are in earth, visible and invisible, whether they
be thrones, or dominions, or principalities, or powers: all things
were created by Him, and for Him." Col. 1 : 16. "All things
were made by Him [through Him, R. V., margin]: and without
Him was not anything made ttawas made." John 1: 3.
See also Heb. 1: 1, 2.
3. What do the heavens declare?
"The heavens declare the glory of God; and the firmament
showeth His handiwork." Ps. 19: 1.
4. What was God's object in making the, earth?
"For thus saith the Lord that created the heavens; God
Himself that formed the earth and made it; He hath established
it, He created it not in vain, He formed it to be inhabited." Isa.
45: 18.
5. In whose image was man created?
"So God created man in His own image, in the image of
God created He him; male and female created He them." Gen.
1:27.
6. What home did God make for man in the beginning?
"And the Lord God planted a garden eastward in Eden;
and there He put the man whom He had formed. And out of
the ground made the Lord God to grow every tree that is pleas-
ant to the sight, and good for food. . . . And the Lord
God took the man, and put him into the garden of Eden to dress
it and to keep it." Gen. 2: 8-15.
7. What may be perceived through the things that are made?
[26]
 CREATION AND THE CREATOR 27
"For the invisible things of Him from the creation of the
world are clearly seen, being understood by the things that are
made, even His eternal power and Godhead; so that they are
without excuse." Rom. 1: 20.
8. Whose workmanship is the Christian?
For we are His workmanship, created in Christ Jesus unto
good works, which God hath before ordained that we should
walk in them." Eph. 2: 10.
9. What assurance is given concerning the unfailing power
of the CreatOr?
"Ha.st thou not known? hast thou not heard, that the ever-
lasting God, the Lord, the Creator of the ends of the earth,
fainteth not, neither is weary? there is no searching of His under-
standing." Isa. 40: 28.
10. What encouraging statement follows concerning the
supply of power to the faint?
"He giveth power to the faint; and to them that have no might
He increaseth strength." Verse 29.
11. To whom are those who suffer exhorted to commit their
souls?
"Wherefore let them also that suffer according to the will
of God commit their souls in well-doing unto a faithful Creator."
1 Peter 4: 19, R. V.
12. What gave special force to the oath of an angel?
"And the angel which I saw stand upon the sea and upon
the earth lifted up his hand to heaven, and sware by Him that
liveth forever and ever, who created heaven, and the things that
therein are, and the earth, and the things that therein are, and the
sea, and the things which are therein, that there should be time no
longer." Rev. 10: 5, 6.
13. What contrast is drawn in the Scriptures between the
Creator and false gods?
"Thus shall ye say unto them, The gods that have not made
the heavens,and the earth, even they shall perish from the earth,
and from under these heavens. . . . The portion of Jacob
is not like them: for He is the former of all things; and Israel is
the rod of His inheritance: The Lord of hosts is His name."
,Jr. 10: 11-16.
14. To whom is our worship justly due?
28 BIBLE READINGS

"0 come, let us worship and bow down: let us kneel before
the Lord our Maker." Ps. 95: 6.
15. In view of the curse upon this creation, what has God
promised?
"For, behold, I create new heavens and a new earth: and the
former shall not be remembered, nor come into mind." Isa.
65:17. See Rev. 21:1.
16. What is the true basis of the brotherhood of man?
"Have we not all one Father? hath not one God created us?
why do we deal treacherously every man against his brother,
by profaning the covenant of our fathers?; Mal. 2: 10.

THE ORIGIN OF EVIL

1. Wm whom did sin originate?
"He that committeth sin is of the devil; for the devil sinneth
from the beginning." 1 John 3: 8.
NOTE.- Without the Bible, the question of the origin of evil would.
remain unexplained.

2. From what time has the devil been a murderer?

"Ye are of your father the devil, and the lusts of your father
ye will do. He was a murderer from the beginning, and abode
not in the truth, because there is no truth in him." John 8: 44.
3. What is the devil's relationship to lying?
"When he speaketh a lie, he speaketh of his own: for he is a
liar, and the father of it." Same verse.
4. Was Satan created sinful?
"Thou wast perfect in thy ways from the day that thou wast
created, till iniquity was found in thee." Eze. 28: 15.
Nara.— This, and the statement in John 8: 44, that he "abode not
in the truth," show that Satan was once perfect, and in the truth. Peter
speaks of "the angels that sinned" (2 Peter 2: 4); and Jude refers to "the
angels which kept not their first estate" (Jude 6); both of which show that
these angels were once in a state of sinlessness and innocence.
5. What further statement of Christ seems to lay the re-
sponsibility for the origin of sin upon Satan and his angels?
 THE ORIGIN OF EVIL 29
"Then shall He say also unto them on the left hand, Depart
from Me, ye cursed, into everlasting fire, prepared for the devil
and his angels." Matt. 25:41.
6. What led to Satan's sin, rebellion, and downfall?
"Thine heart was lifted up because of thy beauty, thou hest
corrupted thy wisdom by reason of thy brightness." Eze. 28: 17.
"Thou hast said in thine heart, I will ascend into heaven, I will
exalt my throne above the stars of God: I will sit also upon the mount
of the congregation, in the sides of the north: . . . I will be
like the Most High." Isa. 14: 13, 14.
Nona.— In a word, pride and self-exaltation led to Satan's downfall,
and for these there is no justification or adequate excuse. , "Pride goeth
before destruction, and a haughty spirit before a fall.' Prov. 16: 18.
Hence, while we may know of the origin, cause, character, and results of
evil, no good or sufficient reason or excuse can be given for it. To excuse
it is to justify it; and the moment it is justified it ceases to be sin. All sin
is a manifestation of selfishness in some form, and its results are the op-
posite of those prompted by love. The experiment of sin will result finally
in its utter abandonment and banishment forever, by all created intelli-
gences, throughout the entire universe of God. Only those who foolishly
and persistently ding to sin will be destroyed with it. The wicked will
then "be as though they had not been" (Obadiah 16), and the righteous
shall "shine as the brightness of the firmament," and "as the stars forever
and ever." Dan. 12:3. "Affliction shall not rise up the second time."
"
fthuin 1: 9. See reading on "Origin, History, and Destiny of Satan,"
page 375.
7. In contrast with the pride and self-exaltation exhibited
by Satan, what spirit did Christ manifest?
"Who, being in the form of God, thought it not robbery to
be equal with God: but made Himself of no reputation, and took
upon Him the form of a servant, and was made in the likeness of
men: and being found in fashion as a man, He humbled Himself,
and became obedient unto, death, even the death of the cross."
Phil. 2: 6-8.
8. After man had sinned, how did God show His love, and
His willingness to forgive?
"For God so loved the world, that He gave His only be-
gotten Son, that whosoever believeth in Him should not perish,
but have everlasting life." John 3: 16.
Nan.— Inasmuch' as God, who is love, who delights in mercy, and
who changes not, offered pardon and granted a period of probation to man
when he sinned, it is but reasonable to conclude that a like course was
ed tow
ose who persisted in sin, and took t eir stand in open revolt and rebellion
against God and the government of heaven, were finally cast out of heaven.
Rev. 12:7-9.
 THE FALL AND REDEMPTION OF MAN
1. WHAT is sin declared to be?
"Whosoever committeth sin transgresseth also the law: for
sin is the transgression of the law." 1 John 3: 4.
2. What precedes the manifestation of sin?
"Then when lust bath conceived, it bringeth forth sin."
James 1:15.
3. What is the final result or fruit of sin?
"And,sin, when it is finished, bringeth forth death." Same
verse. "The wages of sin is death." Rom. 6: 23.
4. Upon how many of the human race did death pass as the
result of Adam's transgression?
" By one man sin entered into the world, and death by-sip},
and so death passed upon all men, for that all have sinned.'
Rom, 5: 12. "In Adam all die." 1 Cor. 15:22. 1
5. How was the earth itself, affected by Adam's sin?
"Cursed is the ground for thy sake; in sorrow shalt thou eat
of it all the days of thy life; thorns also and thistles shall it bring
forth to thee." Gen. 3: 17, 18.
6. What additional curse' came as the result of the first
murder?
"And the Lord said unto Cain, . . . And now art thou
cursed from the earth, which hath opened her mouth to receive
thy brother's blood from thy hand; when thou tillest the ground,
it shall not henceforth yield unto thee her strength." Gen. 4: 9-12.
7. What terrible judgment came in consequence of continued
sin and transgression against God?
"And the Lord said, I will destroy man whom I have created
from the f ace of the earth. . . . The end of all flesh is come
before Me; for the earth is filled with violence." "And Noah
was six hundred years old when the flood of waters was upon the
earth. . . . The same day were all the fountains of the great
deep broken up, and the windows of heaven were opened." Gez
6: 7-13; 7: 6-11.
8. After the flood, what came in consequence of further
apostasy from God?
1301
 THE FALL AND REDEMPTION OF MAN 31
"And the Lord came down to see the city and the tower,
which the children of men builded. And the Lord said, Behold,
the people is one, and they have all one language • and this they
begin to do: and now nothing will be restrained from them,
which they have imagined to do. Go to, let Us go down, and
there confound their language, that they may not understand one
another's speech. So the Lord scattered them abroad from
thence upon the face of all the earth: and they left off to build
the city." Gen. 11:5-8.
9. Into what condition has sin brought the entire creation?
"For we know that the whole creation groaneth and travail.
eth in pain together until now." Rom. 8: 22.
10. What explains God's apparent delay in dealing with
sin?
"The Lord is not slack concerning His promise, as some
men count slackness; but is long-suffering to us ward, not willing
that any should perish, but that all should come to repentance."
2 Peter 3: 9.
11. What is God's attitude toward the sinner?
"For I have no pleasure in the death of him that dieth, saith
the Lord God: wherefore turn yourselves, and live ye." Eze.
18: 32.
12. Can man free himself from the dominion of sin?
"Can the Ethiopian change his skin, or the leopard his
spots? then may ye also do good, that are accustomed to do evil."
Jer. 13: 23.
13. What place has the will in determining whether man
shall have life?
"And the Spirit and the bride say, Come. And let him that
heareth say, Come. And let him that is athirst come. And
whosoever will, let him take the water of life freely." Rev. 22: 17.
14. To what extent has Christ suffered for sinners?
"He was wounded for our transgressions, He was bruised
for our iniquities: the chastisement of our peace was upon Him;
and with-His stripes we are healed." Isa. 53: 5.
15_ For whni-, purpose was Christ, manifested?
"And we know that He was manifested to take away our sins;
and in Him is no sin. . . . He that committeth sin is of
the devil; for the devil sinneth from the beginning. For this
 THE FALL AND REDEMPTION OF MAN 31
"And the Lord came down to see the city and the tower,
which the children of men builded. And the Lord said, Behold,
the people is one, and they have all one language • and this they
begin to do: and now nothing will be restrained from them,
which they have imagined to do. Go to, let Us go down, and
there confound their language, that they may not understand one
anther's speech. So the Lord scattered them abroad from
thence upon the face of all the earth: and they left off to build
the city." Gen. 11:5-8.
9. Into what condition has sin brought the entire creation?
"For we know that the whole creation groaneth and travail-
eth in pain together until now." Rom. 8:22.
10. What explains God's apparent delay in dealing with
sin?
"The Lord is not slack concerning His promise, as some
men count slackness; but is long-suffering to us ward, not willing
that any should perish, but that all should come to repentance."
2 Peter 3: 9.
11. What is God's attitude toward the sinner?
"For I have no pleasure in the death of him that dieth, saith
the Lord God: wherefore turn yourselves, and live ye." Eze.
18:32.
12. Can man free himself from the dominion of sin?
"Can the Ethiopian change his skin, or the leopard his
spots? then may ye also do good, that are accustomed to do evil."
Jer. 13': 23.
13. What place has the will in determining whether man
shall have life?
"And the Spirit and the bride say, Come. And let him that
heareth say, Come. And let him that is athirst come. And
whosoever will, let him take the water of life freely." Rev. 22: 17.
14. To what extent has Christ suffered for sinners?
"He was wounded for our transgressions, He was bruised
for our iniquities: the chastisement of our peace was upon Him ;
and with-His stripes we are healed." Isa. 53: 5.
15. For what purpose was Christ manifested?
-"And-we know that He was manifested to take away our sins;
and in. Him is no sin. . . . He that committeth sin is of
the' devil; for the devil sinneth from the beginning. For this
32 BIBLE READINGS

purpose the Son of God was manifested, that He might destroy

the works of the devil." 1 John 3:5-8.
16. What was one direct purpose of the incarnation of
Christ?
"Forasmuch then as the children are partakers of flesh and
blood, Ile also Himself likewise took part of the same; that
through death He might destroy him that had the power of death,
that is, the devil." Heb. 2: 14.
17. What triumphant chorus will mark the end of the reign
of sin?
"And every creature which is in heaven, and on the earth,
and under the earth, and such as are in the sea, and all that
are in them, heard I saying, Blessing, and honor, and glory, and
power, be unto Him that sitteth upon the throne, and unto the Lamb
forever and ever." Rev. 5: 13.
18.When and by what means will the effects of sin be re-
moved?
"But the day of the Lord will come as a thief in the night;
in the which the heavens shall pass away with a great noise, and
the elements shall melt with fervent heat, the earth also, and the
works that are therein shall be burned up." 2 Peter 3: 10.
19. How will the curse of the confusion of tongues be brought
to an end?
"For then will I turn to the people a pure language, that they
may all call upon the name of the Lord, to serve Him with one
consent." Zeph. 3: 9.
20. How thoroughly will the effects of sin be removed?
"And God shall wipe away all tears from their eyes; and
there shall be no more death, neither sorrow, nor crying, neither
shall there be any more pain: for the former things are passed
away." Rev. 21:4. "And there shall be no more curse: but the
throne of God and of the Lamb shall be in it [the holy city];
and His servants shall serve Him." Rev. 22:3.
21. Will sin and its evil results ever appear again?
"What do ye imagine against the Lord? He will make an
utter end: affliction shall not rise up the second time." Nahum
1:9. "There shall be no more death." "And there shall be
no more curse." Rev. 21:4; 22: 3.
Nun.— That sin exists none can deny. Why it was permitted has
perplexed many minds. But He who can bring light out of darkness
 THE FALL AND REDEMPTION OF MAN 33
(2 Cor. 4: 6), make the wrath of man to praise Him (Ps. 76:10), and turn
a curse into a blessing '(Deut. 23:5), can bring good out of evil, and turn
mistakes and downfalls into stepping-stones to higher ground. Heaven
will be happier for the sorrows of earth. "Sorrows remembered sweeten
present joy," says Robert Pollock, in " The Course of Time," book 1.
In the final outcome it will be seen that all things have worked together
for good to them that love God. Rom. 8:28. Cowper, despondent and
about to drown himself, was carried the wrong way by his driver, and went
home to write the inspiring hymn, " God moves in a mysterious way His
wonders to perform."

CREATION AND REDEMPTION

. 1. WHAT is revealed concerning God in the first verse of
the Bile?
" In the beginning God created the heaven and the earth."
Gen. 1: 1.
2. What contrast is repeatedly drawn in the Scriptures be-
tween the true God and false gods?
"Thus shall ye say unto them, The gods that have not made
the heavens and the earth, even they shall perish from the earth,
and from under these heavens. . . . The portion of Jacob
is not like them: for He is the former of all things; and Israel is
the rod of His inheritance: The Lord of hosts is His name."
Jer. 10:11-16. See Jer. 14:22; Acts 17:22-29; Rev. 14:6-10.
3. Through whom did God work in creating all things?
"In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with
God, and the Word was God. The same was in the beginning
with God. All things were 'made by Him; and without Him was
not anything made that was made." John 1: 1-3.
4. Through whom is redemption wrought?
"But God commendeth His love toward us, in that, while
we were yet sinners, Christ died for us. Much more then, being
now justified by His blood, we shall be saved from wrath through
Him." Rom. 5: 8, 9.
5. In what scripture do we learn that Christ, the active
agent in creation, is also the head of the church?
"For by Him were all things created, that are in heaven, and
that are in earth, visible and invisible, whether they be thrones,
i
or dominions or principalities, or powers: all things There created
by Him, and Him: and Hels_before_all-things,-and-by-Ifirti
all cone—ist. And He is the head of the body, the church:
who is the beginning, the first-born from the dead; that in all
things He might have the preeminence." Col. 1: 16-18.
3
34 BIBLE READINGS

6. What scripture shows that the Creator is also the Re-

deemer?
"But now thus saith the Lord that created thee, 0 Jacob, and
He that formed thee, 9 Israel, Fear not: for I have redeemed thee,
I have ,c4110 thee by thy name; thou art Mine." Isa. 43: 1.
7. Who is declared to be the source of power "to the weak?
" Hast thou not known? hast thou not heard, that the ever-
lasting God, the Lord, the Creator of the ends of the earth,
fainteth‘ not, neither is weary? there is no searching of His
understanding. He giveth power to the faint; and to them that
have no might He increaseth strength." Isa. 40: 28, 29.
8. What prayer of David shows that he regarded redemption
as a creative work?
"Create in me a clean heart, 0 God; and renew a right spirit
within me." Ps. 51: 10.
9. Who keeps the heavenly bodies in their places?
"To whom then will ye liken Me, or shall I be equal?
saith the Holy One. Lift up your eyes on high, and behold who
hath created these things, that bringeth out their host by number:
He calleth them all by names by the greatness of His might, for
that He is strong in power; not one faileth." Isa. 40: 25, 26.
10. What can the same Holy One do for the believer?
"Now unto Him that is able to keep you from falling, and to
present you faultless before, the presence of His glory with ex-
ceeding joy, to the only wise God our Saviour, be glory and
majesty, dominion and power, both now and ever. Amen."
Jude 24, 25.
11. What is the measure of the power which is available for
the help of the believer?
"That the God of our Lord Jesus Christ, the Father of
-glory, may give unto you the spirit of wisdom and revelation in
the knowledge of Him: the eyes of your understanding being
enlightened; that ye may know what is the hope of His calling,
and what the riches of the glory of His inheritance in the saints,
and what is the exceeding greatness of His power to us ward who
believe, according to the working of His mighty power, which He
wrought in Christ, when He raised Him from the dead, and set
Him at His own right hand in the heavenly places." Eph. 1: 17-20.
12. How great was the deliverance of Israel from Egyptian
bondage?
 CREATION AND REDEMPTION 35
"Ask now of the days that are past, which were before thee,
since the day that God created man upon the earth, and ask from
the one side of heaven unto the other, whether there hath been
any such thing as this great thing is, or hath been heard like
it? . . . Hath God assayed to go and take Him a nation from
the midst of another nation, by temptations, by signs, and by won-
ders, and by war, and by a mighty hand, and by a stretched out
arm, and by great terrors, according to all that the Lord your
God did for you in Egypt before your eyes?" Deut. 4: 32-34.
NOTE.-- The great deliverance of Israel from bondage and oppression
in Egypt is but a type of the power of God displayed in the deliverance of
man from the bondage and slavery of sin. In both is seen a manifes-
tation of creative power.
13. What scripture plainly states that it is creative power
which transforms the believer?
"For we are His workmanship, created in Christ Jesus unto
good works, which God hath before ordained that we should
walk in them." Eph. 2: 10.
14. Of what great work is the Sabbath both a memorial
and a sign?
"Remember the Sabbath day; to keep it holy. Six days shalt
thou labor, and do all thy work: but the seventh day is the
Sabbath of the Lord thy God: in it thou shalt not do any work,
thou, nor thy son, nor thy daughter, thy man servant, nor thy
maid servant, nor thy cattle, nor thy stranger that is within thy
gates: for in six days the Lord made heaven and earth, the sea,
and all that in them is, and rested the seventh day: wherefore
the Lord blessed the Sabbath day, and hallowed it." Ex. 20:
8-11. "It is a sign between Me and the children of Israel for-
ever: for in six days the Lord made heaven and earth, and on the
seventh day He rested, and was refreshed." Ex. 31: 17.
15. Inasmuch as creation and redemption are both wrought
by the same creative power, of what besides the original creation
was the Sabbath given to be a sign?
"Moreover also I gave them My Sabbaths, to be a sign be-
tween Me and them, that they might know that I am the 'Lord
that sanctify them." Eze. 20: 12.
16. Through whose agency is the material universe sus-
tained?—
"And He [Christ] is before all things, and in Him all things
hold together." Col. 1: 17, R. V., margin.
36 BIBLE READINGS

17. What statement shows that all things, both material

and spiritual, are sustained by the same personal agency?
"But to us there is . . . one Lord Jesus Christ, by
whom are all things, and we by Him." 1 Cor. 8: 6.
18. Why is God worthy to receive glory and honor?
"Thou art worthy, 0 Lord, to receive glory and honor and
power: for Thou halt created all things, and for Thy pleasure
they are and were created." Rev. 4: 11.
Nam.— That comparatively modern view of creation known as
evolution, which rests upon human research rather than upon divine
revelation, and which substitutes an impersonal force for a personal Crea-
tor, overthrows the very foundation of the gospel. Redemption is simply
the new creation, and the Creator is the Redeemer. The Head of the
original creation is the Head of the new creation. The original creation
was wrought through Christ by the power of the word; the new creation,
or redemption,. is wrought in exactly the same way. The evolutionary
theory of creation inevitably involves an evolutionary theory of the gospel,
and sets aside the truth concerning sin, the atoning sacrifice of Christ,
and the necessity of becoming new creatures through faith in the saving
power of Christ.

THE CHARACTER AND ATTRIBUTES OF GOD

1. IN what one word is the character of God expressed?
"He that loveth not knoweth not God; for God is love."
1 John 4: 8.
2. What are some of the attributes of God?
"The Lord is righteous in all His ways, and holy in all His
works." Ps. 145: 17.
3. Does Christ possess these same attributes?
"By His knowledge shall My righteous servant [Christ]
justify many." Isa. 53: 11. "Neither wilt Thou suffer Thine
Holy One to see corruption." Acts 2: 27.
4. When proclaiming His name to Moses, how did the Lord
define His character?
"And the Lord descended in the cloud, and stood with him
there, and proclaimed the name of the Lord. And the Lord
passed by before him, and proclaimed, The Lord, The Lord God,
merciful and gracious, long-suffering, and abundant in goodness
and truth, keeping mercy for thousands, forgiving iniquity and
transgression and sin, and that will by no means clear the guilty."
Ex. 34:5-7.
 THE CHARACTER AND ATTRIBUTES Of GOD 37
5. What is said of the tender compassion of God?
"But Thou, 0 Lord, art a God full of compassion, and
gracious, long-suffering, and plenteous in mercy and truth."
Ps. 86: 15.
6. What is said of God's faithfulness in keeping His promises?
"Know therefore that the Lord thy God, He is God, the
faithful God, which keepeth covenant and mercy with them
that love Him and keep His commandments to a thousand
generations." Deut. 7: 9.
7. What is said of the strength and wisdom of God?
"Behold, God is mighty, and despiseth not any: He is mighty
in strength and wisdom." Job 36: 5.
8. What treasures are hid in Christ?
"In whom are hid all the treasures of wisdom and knowledge."
Col. 2: 3.
9. In what language is the justice of God described?
"He is the Rock, His work is perfect; for all His ways are
judgment: a God of truth and without iniquity, just and right
is He." Deut. 32: 4.
10. In what words is His impartiality proclaimed?
"For the Lord your God is God of gods, and Lord of lords,
a great God, a mighty, and a terrible, which regardeth not per-
sons, nor taketh reward." Deut. 10: 17. "Then Peter opened
his mouth, and said, Of a truth I perceive that God is no respecter
of persons: but in every nation he that feareth Him, and worketh
righteousness, is accepted with Him." Acts 10: 34, 35.
11. To how many is the Lord good?
"The Lord is good to all: and His tender mercies are over all
His works." Ps. 145: 9.
12. Why did Christ tell us to love our enemies?
"But I say unto you, Love your enemies, bless them that
curse you, do good to them that hate you, and pray for them
which despitefully use you, and persecute you; that ye may be
the children of your Father which is in heaven: for He maketh
His sun to rise on the evil and on the good, and sendeth rain on the
just and on the unjust." Matt. 5:44, 45.
1-3.How- perfect-does Christ tell His followers to -Gel—
"Be ye therefore perfect, even as your Father which is in
heaven is perfect." Verse 48.
 THE LOVE OF GOD
1, WHAT is God declared to be?
"God is love." 1 John 4: 16.
2. How great is God's love for the world?
For God so loved the world, that He gave His only begotten Son,
that whosoever believeth in Him should not perish, but have
everlasting life." John 3: 16.
3. In what act especially has God's love been manifested?
"In this was manifested the love of God toward us, because
that God sent His only begotten Son into the world, that we might
live through Him." 1 John 4: 9.
4. In what does God delight?
` "Who is a 'God like unto Thee, that pardoneth iniquity, and
passeth by the transgression of the remnant of His heritage?
He retaineth not His anger forever, because He delighteth in
mercy." Micah 7: 18.
5. How are His mercies continually manifested?
"It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed, be-
cause His compassions fail not. They are new every morning:
great is Thy faithfulness." Lam. 3: 22, 23.
6. Upon how many does God bestow His blessings?
"He maketh His sun to rise on the evil and on the good, and
sendeth rain on the just and on the unjust." Matt. 5: 45.
7. What did Jesus say of the one who loves Him?
"He that loveth Me shall be loved of. My Father, and I will
love him, and will manifest Myself unto him." John 14: 21.
8. Into what relationship to God does His love bring us?
"Behold, what manner of love the Father hath bestowed
upon us, that we should be called the sons of God." 1 John 3: 1.
9. How may we know that we are the sons of God?
"For as many as are led by the Spirit of God, they are the
sons of God. . . . The Spirit itself beareth witness with
our spirit, that we are the children of God." Rom. 8: 14-16.
10. How is the love of God supplied to the believer?
"And hope maketh not ashamed; because the love of God is
shed abroad in our hearts by the Holy Ghost which is given auto
us." Rom. 5: 5.,
[381
 THE LOVE OF GOD 39
11. In view of God's great love to us, what ought we to do?
"Beloved, if God so loved us, we ought also to love one an-
other." 1 John 4: 11.
12. With what measure of love should we serve others?
"Hereby perceive we the love of God, because He laid down
His life for us: and we ought to lay down our lives for the brethren."
1 John 3: 16.
13. What exhortation is based upon Christ's love for us?
"And walk in love, as Christ also hath loved us, and hath
given Himself for us an offering and a sacrifice to God for a
sweet-smelling savor." Eph. 5: 2.
14. Upon what ground does God's work for sinners rest?
"But God, who is rich in mercy, for His great love wherewith
He loved us, even when we were dead in sins, hath quickened us
together with Christ, (by grace ye are saved;) and hath raised
us up together, and made us sit together in heavenly places
in Christ Jesus." Eph. 2:4-6. See Titus 3: 5, 6.
15. In what other way is God's love sometimes shown?
"For whom the Lord loveth He chasteneth, and scourgeth
every son whom He receiveth." Heb. 12: 6.
16. In view of God's great love, what may we confidently
expect?
"He that spared not His own Son, but delivered Him up
for us all, how shall He not with Him also freely give us all
ingst " Rom. 8:32.
17. What is God's love able to do for His children?
"Nevertheless the Lord thy God would not harken unto
Balaam; but the Lord thy God turned the curse into a blessing
unto thee, because the Lord thy God loved thee." Deut. 23: 5.
18. When men appreciate God's love, what will they do?
"How excellent is Thy loving-kindness, 0 God! therefore
the children of men put their trust under the shadow of Thy
wings." Ps. 36: 7.
19. How enduring is God's love for us?
"The Lord hath appeared of old until me, saying, Yea, I
have loved thee with an everlasting love: therefore with loving-
kindness have-l-drawn thee-." Jer. x1: 3.
20. Can anything separate the true child of God from the
love of God?
40 BIBLE READINGS

"For I am persuaded, that neither death, nor life, nor angels,

nor principalities, nor powers, nor things present, nor things to
come, nor height, nor depth, nor any other creature, shall be
able to separate us from the love of God, which is in Christ
Jesus our Lord." Rom. 8: 38, 39.
21. Unto whom will the saints forever ascribe praise?
"Unto Him that loved us, and washed us from our sins in His
own blood, . . . to Him be glory and dominion forever
and ever." Rev. 1: 5, 6.

THE DEITY OF CHRIST

1. How has the Father shown that His. Son is one person
of the Godhead?
"But unto the Son He saith, Thy throne, 0 God, is forever
and ever: a scepter of righteousness is the scepter of Thy king-
dom." Heb. 1: 8.
2. In what other scripture is the same truth taught?
"In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with
God, and the Word was God." John 1: 1.
3. In what way did Christ refer to the eternity of His being?
"And now, 0 Father, glorify Thou Me with Thine own self
with the glory which I had with Thee before the world was."
John 17: 5. "But thou, Bethlehem Ephratah, though thou be
little among the thousands of Judah, yet out of thee shall He
come forth unto Me that is to be ruler in Israel; whose goings
forth have been of old, from everlasting." Micah 5: 2. See
margin; and Matt. 2: 6; John 8: 58; Ex. 3: 13, 14.
4. How was Christ begotten in the flesh?
"And the angel answered and said unto her, The Holy Ghost
shall come upon thee, and the power of the Highest shall over-
shadow thee: therefore also that holy thing which shall be born
of thee shall be called the Son of God." Luke 1: 35.
5. What scripture states that the Son of God was God mani-
fested in the flesh?
"In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with
God, and the Word was God." " And the Word was made flesh,
and dwelt among us, (and we beheld His glory, the glory as of
the only begotten of the Father,) full of grace and truth."
John 1: 1, 14.
 THE DEITY OF CHRIST 41
6. What does Christ say is His relation to the Father?
"I and My Father are one." John 10: 30.
7. How was He manifested on earth as a Saviour?
"For unto you is born this day in the city of David a Saviour,
which is Christ the Lord." Luke 2: 11.
8. Why was it necessary that He should be born thus, and
partake of human nature?
" Wherefore in all things it behooved Him to be made like
unto His brethren, that He might be a merciful and faithful
high priest in things pertaining to God, to make reconciliation
for the sins of the people." Heb. 2: 17.
9. How was He recognized by the Father while on earth?
"And lo a voice from heaven, saying, This is My beloved Son,
in whom I am well pleased." Matt. 3: 17.
10. What shows that Christ sustains the same relation to
the angels as does the Father?
"For the Son of man shall come in the glory of His Father
with His angels; and then He shall reward every man accord-
ing to his works." Matt. 16:27. Sep Matt. 24:31.
11. How did Christ assert an equal proprietorship with His
Father in the kingdom?
"The Son of man shall send forth His angels, and they shall
gather out of His kingdom all things that offend, and them
which do iniquity." Matt. 13:41.
12. To whom do the elect equally belong?
"And shall not God avenge His own elect, which cry day and
night unto Him, though He bear long with them?" Luke 18:7.
"And He [the Son of man] shall send His angels with a great
sound of a trumpet, and they shall gather together His elect
from the four winds, from one end of heaven to the other."
Matt. 24:31.
13. Who are equally joined in bestowing the final rewards?
"But without faith it is impossible to please Him [God, the
Father]: for he that cometh to God must believe that He is,and
that Re is a rmarder_of them-that-diligeretly-tee Heb.
" For the Son of man shall come in the glory of His
Father with His angels; and then He shall reward every man ac-
cording to his works." Matt. 16: 27.
42 BIBLE READINGS
NOTE. — In the texts (Matt. 16:27; 13 : 41; 24 : 31) in which
Christ refers to the angels as "His angels" and to the kingdom as " His
kingdom" and to the elect as "His elect," He refers to Himself as "the
Son of man." It thus appears that while He was on earth as a man, He
recognized His essential deity and His equality with His Father in heaven.
14.What fulness dwells in Christ?
"For in Him dwelleth all the fulness of the Godhead bodily."
Col. 2: 9.
15. What does God (Jehovah) declare Himself to be?
"Thus saith the Lord the King of Israel, and His Redeemer
the Lord of hosts; I am the first, and I am the last; and beside
Me there is no God." Isa. 44: 6.
16. In what scripture does Christ adopt the same expression?
"And, behold, I come quickly; and My reward is with Me,
to give every man according as his work shall be. I am Alpha
and Omega, the beginning and the end, the first and the last."
Rev. 22: 12, 13. •
17. Having such a wonderful Saviour, what are we exhorted
to do?
"Seeing then that we have a great high priest, that is passed
into the heavens, Jesus the Son of God, let us hold fast our pro-
fession. For we have 'tot an high priest which cannot be
toughed with the feeling of our infirmities; but was in all points
tempted like as we are, yet without sin." Heb. 4: 14, 15.

PROPHECIES RELATING TO CHRIST

1. Wirom did Moses say the Lord would raise up?
"The Lord thy God will raise up unto thee a Prophet from
the midst of thee, of thy brethren, like unto me, unto Him ye
shall harken." Deut. 18: 15. See also verse 18.
2. What use of this prophecy by the apostle Peter shows
that it referred to Christ?
"For Moses truly said unto the fathers, A prophet shall
the Lord your God raise up unto you of your brethren, like unto
me. . , . . Yea, and all the prophets from Samuel and those
that follow after, as many as have spoken, have likewise fore-
told of these days." Acts 3: 22-24.
3. In what language did Isaiah foretell Christ's birth?
 PROPHECIES RELATING TO CHRIST 43
"Behold, a virgin shall conceive, and bear a son, and shall
call His name Immanuel." Isa. 7: 14.
4. In what event was this prophecy fulfilled?
"Now all this was done [the birth of Jesus of the Virgin
Mary], that it might be fulfilled which was spoken of the Lord
by the prophet, saying, Behold, a virgin shall be with child, and
shall bring forth a son, and they shall call His name Emmanuel,
which being interpreted is, God with us." Matt. 1: 22, 23.
5. Where was the Messiah to be born?
"But thou, Bethlehem Ephratah, though thou he little among
the thousands of Judah, yet out of thee shall He come forth
unto Me that is to be ruler in Israel." Micah 5: 2.
6. When was Jesus born?
"Jesus was born in Bethlehem of Judea in the days of Herod
the king." Matt. 2: 1.
7. Under what striking emblem was He prophesied of by
Balaam?
"There shall come a Star out of Jacob, and a Scepter shall
rise out of Israel." Num. 24: 17.
8. In what scripture does Christ apply the same emblem
to Himself?
"I am the root and the offspring of David, and the bright
and morning star." Rev. 22: 16. See also 2 Peter 1: 19; Rev.
2:28.
9. What prophecy was fulfilled in the slaughter of the
children of Bethlehem?
"Then Herod, when he saw that he was mocked of the wise
men, was exceeding wroth, and sent forth, and slew all the chil-
dren that were in, Bethlehem, and in all the coasts thereof, from
two years old and under, according to the time which he had
diligently inquired of the wise men. Then was fulfilled that
which was spoken by Jeremy the prophet, saying, In Rama was
there a voice heard, lamentation, and weeping, and great mourn-
ing, Rachel weeping for her children, and would not be com-
forted, because they are not." Matt. 2: 16-18.
10. How was Christ's first advent to be heralded?
"-The voice of that crieth in the ImIderness, Prepare ye
the way of the Lord, make straight in the desert a highway for
our God." Isa. 40: 3
44 BIBLE READINGS

11. By whom was this fulfilled?

"And this is the record of John, when the Jews sent priests
and Levites from Jerusalem to ask him, Who art thou? . . .
he said, I am the voice of one crying in the wilderness, Make
straight the way of the Lord, as said the prophet Esaias."
John 1:19-23.
12. How was Christ to be received by His own people?
"He is despised and rejected of men; a man of sorrows, and
acquainted with grief: and we hid as it were our faces from
Him; He was despised, and we esteemed Him not." Isa. 53: 3.
13. How is the fulfilment of this prophecy recorded?
"He was in the world, and the world was made by Him, and
the world knew Him not. He came unto His own, and His own
received Him not." John 1: 10, 11.
14. What was predicted of Christ's preaching?
"The Spirit of the Lord God is upon Me; because the Lord
hath anointed Me to preach good tidings unto the meek; He hath
sent Me to bind up the broken-hearted, to proclaim liberty to
the captives, and the opening of the prison to them that are
bound." Isa. 61: 1.
15. What application did Jesus make of this prophecy?
"And He came to Nazareth, where He had been brought up:
and, as His custom was, He went into the synagogue on the Sab-
bath day, and stood up for to read. And there was delivered
unto Him the book of the prophet Esaias. And when He had
opened the book, He found the place where it was written, The
Spirit of the Lord is upon Me, because He hath anointed Me to
preach the gospel to the poor; He hath sent Me to heal the bro-
ken-hearted, to preach deliverance to the captives, and recover-
ing of sight to the blind, to set at liberty them that are bruised.
. . . And He began to say unto them, This day is this scrip-
ture fulfilled in your ears." Luke 4: 16-21. See Luke 7: 19-22.
16. How, according to prophecy, was Christ to conduct Him-
self when on trial?
"He was oppressed, and He was afflicted, yet He opened not
His mouth: He is brought as a lamb to the' slaughter, and as a
sheep before her shearers is dumb, so He openeth not His mouth."
Isa. 53:7.
 PROPHECIES RELATING TO CHRIST 45
17.When accused by His enemies before Pilate, how did
Christ treat these accusations?
"Then said Pilate unto Him, Hearest Thou not how many
things they witness against Thee? And He answered him to
never a word; insomuch that the governor marveled greatly."
Matt. 27: 13, 14.
18. What prophecy foretold of the disposal of Christ's gar-
ments at the crucifixion?
"They part My garments among them, and cast lots upon
My vesture." Ps. 22: 18.
19. What record answers to this prophecy?
"And they crucified Him, and parted His garments, casting
lots: that it might be fulfilled which was spoken by the prophet,
They parted My garments among them, and upon My vesture
did they cast lots." Matt. 27: 35.
20. What was foretold of His treatment while on the cross?
"They gave Me also gall for My meat; and in My thirst
they gave Me vinegar to drink." Ps. 69: 21.
21. What was offered Christ at His crucifixion?
"They gave Him vinegar to drink mingled with gall: and
when He had tasted thereof, He would not drink." Matt. 27:
34. See also John 19: 28-30, and page 111 of this work.
22. With whom did the prophet Isaiah say Christ would
make His grave?
"And He made His grave with the wicked, and with the
rich in His death." Isa. 53: 9.
23. With whom was Christ crucified?
"Then were there two thieves crucified with Him, one on the
right hand, and another on the left." Matt. 27: 38.
24. Who took charge of Christ's body after it was taken
down from the cross?
"A rich man of Arimathcea, named Joseph, -- 4cent-to-
-Pilatei-and -begged the boy us. . . . He wrapped it
in a clean linen cloth, and laid it in his own new tomb, which
he had hewn out in the rock." Verses 57-60.
46 BIBLE READINGS

25. What experience in the life of a noted prophet indi-

cated the length of Christ's stay in the grave?
"But He answered and said unto them, An evil and adulter-
ous generation seeketh after a sign; and there shall no sign be
given to it, but the sign of the prophet Jonas: for as Jonas was
three days and three nights in the whale's belly; so shall the Son of
man be three days and three nights in the heart of the earth."
Matt. 12:39, 40.
26, What prophecy foretold Christ's triumph over death?
"For Thou wilt not leave My soul in hell; neither wilt Thou
suffer Thine Holy One to see corruption." Ps. 16: 10. See
Acts 2: 24-27.

CHRIST THE WAY OF LIFE

1. WHAT does Jesus declare Himself to be?
"Jails saith unto him, I am the way, the truth, and the life:
no man cometh unto the Father, but by Me." John 14: 6.
2. In what condition are all men?
"But the Scripture hath concluded all under sin." Gal.
3: 22. "For all have sinned, and come short of the glory of
God." Rom. 3:23.
3. What are the wages of sin?
"The wages of sin is death." Rom. 6: 23.
4 How many are affected by Adam's transgression?
"Wherefore, as by one man sin entered into the world, and
death by sin; and so death passed upon all men." Rom. 5: 12.
5: What is the gift of God?
"The gift of God is eternal life." Rom. 6: 23.
6. How many may receive this gift?
"And the Spirit and the bride say, Come. And let him that
heareth say, Come. And let him that is athirst come. And
whosoever will, let him take the water of life freely." Rev. 22: 17.
7. In whom is the gift?
 CHRIST THE WAY OF LIFE 47
"This is the record, that God hath given to us eternal life,
and this life is in His Son." 1 John 5: 11.
8. In receiving the Son, what do we have in Him?
"He that hath the Son hath life." Verse 12.
9. What loss do those sustain who do not accept Him?
"And he that hath not the Son of God hath not life." Same
verse.
10. In what other way is this same truth stated?
"He that believeth on the Son hath everlasting life: and he that
believeth not the Son shall not see life; but the wrath of God
abideth on him." John 3: 36.
11. After one truly receives Christ, whose life will be mani-
fested in him?
"I am crucified with Christ: nevertheless' I live; yet not I.
but Christ liveth in me: and the life which I now live in the flesh
I live by the faith of the Son of God, who loved me, and gave
Himself for me." Gal. 2: 20.
12. In what condition are all before they are quickened with
Christ?
"God, who is rich in mercy, for His great love wherewith He
loved us, even when we were dead in sins, hath quickened us to-
gether with Christ." Eph. 2: 4, 5.
13. What is this change from death to life called?
"Being born again, not of corruptible seed, but of incorrupt-
ible, by the word of God, which liveth and abideth forever."
1 Peter 1:23.
14. When man first transgressed, what was done to prevent
him from living forever in sin?
"And now, lest he put forth his hand, and take also of the
tree of life, and eat, and live forever. . . . So He drove out
the man; and He placed at the east of the garden of Eden cheru-
bim, and a flaming sword which turned every way, to keep the
way of the tree of life." Gen. 3: 22-24.
15. What is declared to be one purpose of Christ's death?
"Forasmuch then as the children are partakers of flesh and
48 BIBLE READINGS
blood, He also Himself likewise took part of the same; that
through death He might destroy him that had the power of death,
that is, the devil." Heb. 2: 14.
16. Through whom will Abraham receive the promise of
the future inheritance?
"The Lord appeared unto Abram, and said, Unto thy seed
will I give this land." Gen. 12: 7.
17. How many were embraced in God's promises to Abra-
ham?
"And in thy seed shall all the kindreds of the earth be blessed."
Acts 3:25.
18. To whom does the "seed" in these promises refer?
"Now to Abraham and his seed were the promises made.
He saith not, And to seeds, as of many; but as of one, And to
thy seed, which is Christ." Gal. 3: 16.
19. What would make the death of Christ in vain?
"If righteousness come by the law, then Christ is dead in vain."
Gal. 2:21.
20. Why have all been reckoned under sin?
"But the Scripture hath concluded all under sin, that the
promise by faith of Jesus Christ might be given to them that be-
lieve." Gal. 3:22.
21. How then do all become children of God?
"For ye are all the children of God by faith in Christ Jesus."
Verse 26.
22. With whom are the children of God joint heirs?
"If children, then heirs; heirs of God, and joint heirs with
Christ." Rom. 8: 17.

Tann art the Way, the Truth, the Life;

Grant us that way to know,
That truth to keep, that life to win,
Whose joys eternal flow.
 SALVATION ONLY THROUGH CHRIST
1. Fon*what purpose did Christ come into the world?
"This is a faithful saying, and worthy of all acceptation, that
Christ Jesus came into the world to save sinners." 1 Tim. 1: 15.
2. Why was He to be named "Jesus"?
"Thou shalt call His name Jesus: for He shall save His people
from their sins." Matt. 1: 21.
3. Is there salvation through any other?
"Neither is there salvation in any other: for there is none
other name under heaven given among men, 'whereby we must be
saved." Acts 4: 12.
4. Through whom are we reconciled to God?
"All things are of God, who bath reconciled us to Himself
by Jesus Christ, and bath given to us the ministry of reconcili-
ation; to wit, that God was in Christ, reconciling the world unto
Himself, not imputing their trespasses unto them." 2 Cor.
5: 18, 19.
5. What has Christ been made for us, and for what purpose?
"For He hath made Him to be sin for us, who knew no sin;
that we might be made the righteousness of God in Him." Verse 21.
6. How dependent are we upon Christ for salvation?
"I am the vine, ye are the branches: . . . without
Me ye can do nothing.' John 15: 5.
7. What three essentials for a Saviour are found in Christ?
Deity. "But unto the Son He saith, Thy throne, 0 God,
is forever and ever." Heb. 1: 8.
Humanity. "When the fulness of the time was come, God sent
forth His Son, made of a woman, made wider the law." Gal. 4:4.
Sinlessness. "Who did no sin, neither was guile found in
His mouth." 1 Peter 2: 22.
8. How did Christ show from the Scriptures that the prom-
ised Saviour of the world must be both human and divine?
"While the Pharisees were gathered together, Jesus asked
them, saying, What think ye of Christ? whose son is He? They
say unto Him, The son of David. He saith unto them, How then
doth David in spirit call Him Lord, saying, The Lord said unto
4 1491
50 BIBLE READINGS
my Lork Sit Thou on,My right hand, till I make Thine enemies
Thy footstool? If David then call him Lord, how is Ife his son?"
Matt'. 22": 41-45.
NoTE..-- Another has aptly put this important truth concerning the
lini91) of the human and divine in Christ thus: "Divinity needed humanity
that humanity might afford a channel of communication between God and
man. Man needs s poi` --outtff' and Above,hituself to restore him to the
likeness of_ God. There must be a power working from within, a new life
`from'aboi,‘, before men can be changed from sin to holiness. That power
is Christ."
9. What two facts testify to the union of divinity and
humanity in Christ?
"Concerning His Son. Jesus Christ our Lord, which was
made of the seed of David according to the flesh; and declared to be
the Son of God with power, according to the spirit of holiness, by
the resurrection from the dead." Rom. 1: 3, 4.
How complete was Christ's victory over death?
am the first and the last: I am He that liveth, and was dead;
and, ,behold,. I am alive forevermore, Amen; and have the keys of
Xd/ and of death." Rev. 1: 17, 18. See Acts 2:24.
11. How complete is the salvation obtained in Christ?
"Wherefore, He is able also to save them to the uttermost that
come unto God by Him, seeing He ever liveth to make inter-
cession for them." Heb. 7: 25.
12. What should we say for such a Saviour?
"Thanks be unto God for His unspeakable gift." 2 Cor.
9 : 15.
Times a wideness in God's mercy,
Like the wideness of the sea;
There's a kindness in His justice,
Which is more than liberty.
There is welcome for the sinner,
And more graces for the good;
There is mercy with the Saviour;
There is healing in His blood.
For the love of God is broader
Than the measure of man's mind,
And the heart of the Eternal
Is most wonderfully kind.
If our love were but Inore simple,
We should take Him at His word;
And our lives would be all sunshine
In the sweetness of our Lord.
FREDERICK W. FABER.
 PART HI
The Way tdi Christ
FAITH
1. WHAT is faith declared to be?
"Faith is the substance of things hoped for, the evidence of
things'not seen." Heb. 11: 1.
2. How necessary is faith?
"Without faith it is impossible to, please Him." Verse 6.
3. Is mere assent to divine truth, sufacient?
"Thou believest that there is one GO; thou doest well:
the devils also believe, and tremble." James 2: 19..
4. What is required besides a belief in,the existence of God?
"For he that cometh to God must believe, that He is, and
that He is a rewarder of them that diligently seek Him." Heb.
11: 6, last part.
5. From whom does faith come? ‘'
"For by grace are ye saved through faith; and that not of
yourselves: it is the gift of God." Eph. 2: 8.
6. Why did-God raise. Christ from the dead?
"Who by Him do believe in God, that raised Him up from
the dead, and gave Him glory; that your faith and hope might be
in God." 1 Peter 1:21.
7. What is Christ's relation to this faith?
"Looking unto Jesus the author and finisher of our faith."
Iieb. 12:.2.,.
8. What is the basis of faith?
"So'then faith cometh by hearing, and hearing by the word
of God." Rom. 10: 17.
9. What relation does faith bear to knowledge?
"Through faith we understand that the worlds were framed
by the word of God." Heb. 11: 3.
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52 BIBLE READINGS

10. By what principle is genuine faith actuated?

"In Jesus Christ neither circumcision availeth anything, nor
uncircumcision; but faith which worketh by love." Gal. 5: 6.
11. Of what is faith a fruit?
"But the fruit of the Spirit is love, joy, peace, long-suffer-
ing, gentleness, goodness, faith." Verse 22.
12. What in the early church showed living faith?
"Remembering without ceasing your work of faith, and
labor of love." 1 These. 1: 3.
13. What is necessary in order that the preaching of the
gospel may be profitable?
"For unto us was the gospel preached, as well as unto them:
but the word preached did not profit them, not being mixed
with faith in them that heard it." Heb. 4: 2.
14. What is the character of any act or service not per-
formed in faith?
"Whatsoever is not of faith is sin." Roni. 14: 23.
15. How does Abraham's experience show that obedience
and faith are inseparable?
"By faith Abraham, when he was called to go out into a
place which he should after receive for an inheritance, obeyed;
and he went out, not knowing whither he went." Heb. 11: 8.
16. With what, therefore, is the faith of Jesus joined?
"Here is the patience of the saints: here are they that keep
the commandments of God, and the faith of Jesus." Rev. 14: 12.
17. In what other statement is the same truth emphasized?
"But wilt thou know, 0 vain man, that faith without works
is dead?" James 2: 20.
18. How is faith brought to perfection?
"Seest thou how faith wrought with his works, and by works
was faith made perfect?" Verse 22.
19. What is the result of faith's being put to the test?
"The trying of your faith worketh patience." James 1: 3.
20. What relationship to God is established by faith?
"For ye are all the children of God by faith in Christ Jesus."
Gal. 3:26.
 FAITH 53
21. How do the children of God walk?
" For we walk by faith, not by sight." 2 Cor. 5: 7.
22. Upon what condition may one expect answers to prayer?
"But let him ask in faith, nothing wavering. For he that
wavereth is like a wave of the sea driven with the wind and
tossed." James 1: 6.
23. To what parts of the ancient armor is faith compared?
"Above all, taking the shield of faith, wherewith ye shall be
able to quench all the fiery darts of the wicked." Eph. 6: 16.
"Putting on the breastplate of faith and love." 1 Thess. 5: 8.
* 24. What chapter in the Bible is devoted to faith?
The eleventh chapter of Hebrews. In verses 33-38 are sum-
marized the victories of the heroes of faith.
25. What gives victory in our conflicts with the world?
"This is the victory that overcometh the world, even our
faith." 1 John 5: 4.
26. What is the ultimate purpose of faith?
"Receiving the end of your faith, even the salvation of your
souls." 1 Peter 1: 8, 9.

HOPE
1. WHAT is the relation between faith and hope?
"Now faith is the substance of things hoped for, the evidence
of things not seen." Heb. 11: 1.
2. Why were the Scriptures written?
"For whatsoever things were written aforetime were written
for our learning, that we through patience and comfort of the Scrip-
tures might have hope." Rom. 15: 4.
3. Why should God's wonderful works be rehearsed to the
children?
"We will not hide them from their children, showing to ,,the
generation to come the praises of the Lord, and His strength,
and His wonderful works that He hath done. . . . That
they might set their hope in God, and not forget the works of God,
but keep His commandments." Ps. 78: 4-7.
 54 BIBLE READINGS

4. In what condition are those who are without Christ?,

"Wherefore remember, that ye being in time past Gentiles
in the flesh, . . . that at that time ye were without Christ,
being aliens from the commonwealth of Israel, and strangers
from the covenants of promise, having no hope, and without God
in the world." Eph. 2: 11, 12.
5. What does hope become to the Christian?
"Which hope we have as an anchor of the soul, both sure
and steadfast, and which entereth into that within the veil."
Heb. 6: 19.
6. Who have hope in their death?
"The wicked is driven away in his wickedness: but the
righteous /lath hope in his death." Prov. 14: 32.
7. In bereavement, from what hopeless sorrow are Christians
delivered?
"But I would not have you to be ignorant, brethren, con-
cerning them which are asleep, that ye sorrow not, even as others
which have no hope." 1 These. 4: 13.
8, Unto what has the resurrection of Christ begotten us?
"Blessed be the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ,
which according to His abundant mercy hath begotten us again
unto a lively hope by the resurrection of Jesus Christ from the
dead." 1 Peter 1: 3.
9. What is the Christian's hope called?
"Looking for that blessed hope, and the glorious appearing
us Christ." Titus 2: 13.
of the great God and our Saviour Jes
10. At what time did Paul expect to realize his hope?
"Henceforth there is laid up for me a crown of righteous-
ness, which the Lord, the righteous Judge, shall give me at
that day: and not to me only, but unto all them also that love
His, appearing." 2 Tim. 4: 8.
11. What will this hope lead one to do?
• •"And every man that bath this hope in him purifieth him-
self, even as He is pure." 1 John 3: 3.
12. What does the prophet Jeremiah say is a good thing for
a man to do?
 HOPE 55
"It is good that a man should both hope and quietly wait for
the salvation of the Lord." Lam. 3: 26.
13. What is said of the hope of the hypocrite?
"So are the paths of all that forget God; and the hypocrite's.
hope shall perish: whose hope shall be cut off, and whose trust
shall be a spider's web." Job 8: 13, 14.
14. What is the condition of one whose hope is in God?
"Happy is he that hath the God of Jacob for his help, whose
hope is in the Lord his God." Ps. 146: 5. "Blessed is the
man that trusteth in the Lord, and whose hope the Lord is."
Jer. 17: 7.
15. In what may the child of God abound?
"Now the God of hope fill you with all joy and peace in
believing, that ye may abound in hope, through the power of the
Holy Ghost." Rom. 15: 13.
16. In what do Christians rejoice?
"By whom also we have access by faith into this grace
wherein we stand, and rejoice in hope of the glory of God."
Horn. 5: 2.
17. What will prevent us from being put to shame?
"And hope maketh not ashamed; because the love of God is
shed abroad in our hearts by the Holy Ghost which is given
unto us." Verse 5.
18. In the time of trouble, who will be the hope of God's
people?
"The Lord also shall roar out of Zion, and utter His voice
from Jerusalem; and the heavens and 'the earth shall shake :
but the Lord will be the hope of His people, and the strength of
the children of Israel." Joel 3: 16.
19. What inspiring words are spoken to such as hope in God?
"Be of good courage, and He shall strengthen your heart, all
ye that hope in the Lord." Ps. 31: 24.
20. How long should our hope endure?
"And we desire that every one of you do show the same
diligence to the full assurance of hope unto the end." Heb. 6: 11.
 REPENTANCE
1. WHO are called to repentance?
"I came not to call the righteous, but sinners to repentance."
Luke 5:32.
2. What accompanies repentance?
"And that repentance and remission of sins should be
preached in His name among all nations." Luke 24: 47.
3. By what means is sin made known?
"By the law is the knowledge of sin." Rom. 3:20.
4. How many are sinners?
"We have before proved both Jews and Gentiles, that they
are all under sin." Verse 9.
5. What do transgressors bring upon themselves?
"Let no man deceive you with vain words: for because of
these things cometh the wrath of God upon the children of dis-
obedience." Eph. 5: 6.
6. Who awakens the soul to a sense of its sinful condition?
"When He [the Comforter] is come, He will reprove [margin,
convince) the world of sin." John 16: 8.
7. What are fitting inquiries for those convicted of sin?
"Men and brethren, what shall we do?" "Sirs, what must
I do to be saved?" Acts 2: 37; 16: 30.
8. What replies does Inspiration return to these inquiries?
"Repent, and be baptized every one of you in the name of Jesus
Christ for the remission of sins." "Believe on the Lord Jesus
Christ, and thou shalt be saved." Acts 2:38; 16: 31.
9. What will the truly repentant sinner be constrained to do?
"I will declare mine iniquity; I will be sorry for my sin."
Ps. 38: 18.
10. What is the result of godly sorrow?
"For godly sorrow worketh repentance to salvation." 2 Cor.
7: 10.
11. What does the sorrow of the world do?
"The sorrow of the world worketh death." Same verse.
12. How does godly sorrow for sin manifest itself?
"For behold this selfsame thing, that ye sorrowed after a
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 REPENTANCE 57
godly sort, what carefulness it wrought in you, yea, what clear-
ing of yourselves, yea, what indignation, yea, what fear, yea,
what vehement desire, yea, what zeal, yea, what revenge! In
all things ye have approved yourselves to be clear in this mat-
ter." Verse 11.
13. What did John the Baptist say to the Pharisees and
Sadducees when he saw them come to his baptism?
"0 generation of vipers, who hath warned you to flee from
the wrath to come?" Matt. 3: 7.
14. What did he tell them to do?
"Bring forth therefore fruits meet for repentance." Verse 8.
Noma.—" There can be no repentance without reformation. Repent-
ance is a change of mind; reformation is a corresponding change of life."
—Dr. Raleigh.
15. When God sent the Ninevites a warning message, how
did they show their repentance, and what was the result?
"And God saw their works, that they turned from their evil
way; and God repented of the evil that He had said that He would
do unto them; and He did it not." Jonah 3: 10.
16. What leads sinners to repentance?
"Or despisest thou the riches of His goodness and forbear-
ance and long-suffering; not knowing that the goodness of God
leadeth thee to repentance?" Rom. 2: 4.

CONFESSION AND FORGIVENESS

1. WHAT instruction is given concerning confession of sin?
"Speak unto the children of Israel, When a man or woman
shall commit any sin that men commit, to do a trespass against
the Lord, and that person be guilty; then shall they confess their
sin which they have done." Num. 5: 6, 7.
2. How futile is it to attempt to hide sin from God?
"But if ye will not do so, behold, ye have sinned against the
Lord: and be sure your sin will find you out." Num. 32: 23.
"Thou halt set our iniquities before Thee, our secret sins in the
light of Thy countenance." Ps. 90:8. "All things are naked
and opened unto the eyes of Him with whom we have to do."
fleb. 4: 13.
3. What promise is made to those who confess their sins?
"If we confess our sins, He is faithful and just to forgive us
58 BIBLE READINGS

our sins, and to cleanse us from all unrighteousness." 1 John

1: 9.
4. What different results attend the covering and the con-
fessing of sins?
"He that covereth his sins shall not prosper: but whoso con-
fesseth and forsaketh them shall have mercy." Prov. 28: 13.
5. How definite should we be in confessing our sins?
"And it shall be, when he shall be guilty in one of these
things, that he shall confess that he hath sinned in that thing."
Lev. : 5.
NoTE.— "True confession is always of a specific character, and
acknowledges particular sins. They may be of such a nature as to be
brought before. God only; they may be wrongs that should be confessed
to individuals who have suffered injury through them; or they may be of a
public character, and should then be as publicly confessed. But all con-
fession should be definite and to the point, acknowledging the very sins
of which you are guilty."—"Steps to Christ," page 4.3.
6. How fully did Israel once acknowledge their wrong-doing?
"And all the people said unto Samuel, Pray for thy servants
unto the Lord thy God, that we die not: for we have added unto
all our sins this evil, to ask us a king." 1 Sam. 12: 19.
7. When David confessed his sin, what did he say God did?
"I acknowledged my sin unto Thee, and mine iniquity have
I not hid. I said, I will confess my transgressions unto the
Lord; and Thou forgavest the iniquity of my sin." Ps. 32: 5.
8. Upon what did he rest his hope for forgiveness?
"Have mercy upon me, 0 God, according to Thy loving-
kindness: according unto the multitude of Thy tender mercies blot
out my transgressions." Ps. 51: 1.
9. What is God ready to do for all who seek for forgiveness?
"For Thou, Lord, art good, and ready to forgive; and plen-
teous in mercy unto all them that call upon Thee." Ps. 86: 5.
10. What is, the measure of the greatness of God's mercy?
"For tis the heaven is high above the earth, so great is His mercy
toward theme that fear Him." Ps. 103: 11.
1i. How fully does the Lord pardon when one repents?
"Let the wicked forsake his way, and the unrighteous man
his thoughts: and let him return unto the Lord, and He will have
mercy upon him; and to our God, for He will abundantly par-
don." isa. 55: 7.
 CONFESSION AND FORGIVENESS

12. What reason is given for God's readiness to forgive sin?

"Who is a God like unto Thee, that pardoneth iniquity,
and passeth by the transgression of the remnant of His heritage?
He retaineth not His anger forever, because He clelighteth in
mercy." Micah 7: 18. See Ps. 78: 38.
13. Why does God manifest such mercy and long-suffering
toward men?
. "The Lord is not slack concerning His promise, as some
men count slackness; but is long-suffering to us ward, not will-
ing that any should perish, but that all should come to repent-
ance." 2 Peter 3: 9.
14.What prayer did Moses offer in behalf of Israel?
"Pardon, I beseech Thee, the iniquity of this people according
unto the greatness of Thy mercy, and as Thou hast forgiven
this people, from Egypt even until now." Num. 14: 19.
15. What reply did the Lord immediately make?
"And the Lord said, I have pardoned according to thy word."
Verse 20.
16. When the prodigal son, in the parable, repented and
turned toward home, what did his father do?
"When he was yet a great way off, his father saw him, and
had compassion, and ran, and fell on his neck, and kissed him."
Luke 15:20.
17. How did the father show his joy at his son's return?
"The father said to his servants, Bring forth the best robe,
and put it on him; and put a ring on his hand, and shoes on his
feet: and bring hither the fatted calf, and kill it; and, let .us eat,
and be merry: for this my son was dead, and is alive again; he
was lost, and is found." Verses 22-24.
18. What is felt in heaven when a sinner repents?
"Likewise, I say unto you, there is joy in the presence of the
angels of God over one sinner that repenteth." Verse 10.
19. What did Hezekiah say God had done with his sins?
"Behold, for peace I had great bitterness: but Thou hast
in love to my soul delivered it from the pit of corruption: for
Thou hast cast all my sins behind Thy back." Isa. 38: 17.
211, How completely does God wish to separate sin from us?
60 BIBLE READINGS

"Thou wilt cast all their sins into the depths of the sea."
Micah 7: 19. "As far as the east is from the west, so far hath
He removed our transgressions from us." Ps. 103: 12.
21. How did the people respond to the preaching of John?
"Then went out to him Jerusalem, and all Judea, and all the
region round about Jordan, and were baptized of him in Jordan,
confessing their sins." Matt. 3: 5, 6.
22. How did some of the believers at Ephesus testify to the
sincerity of the confession of their sins?
"And many that believed came, and confessed, and showed
their deeds. Many of them also which used curious arts brought
their books together, and burned them before all men: and they
counted the price of them, and found it fifty thousand pieces of
silver." Acts 19: 18, 19.
23. Through whom are repentance and forgiveness granted?
"The God of our fathers raised up Jesus, whom ye slew and
hanged on a tree. Him hath God exalted with His right hand
to be a Prince and a Saviour, for to give repentance to Israel, and
forgiveness of sins." Acts 5: 30, 31.
24. What is the only unpardonable sin?
k` Wherefore I say unto you, All manner of sin and blasphemy
shall be forgiven unto men: but the blasphemy against the Holy
Ghost shall not be forgiven unto men. And whosoever speaketh
a word against the Son of man, it shall be forgiven him: but
whosoever speaketh against the Holy Ghost, it shall not be for-
given him, neither in this world, neither in the world to come."
Matt. 12: 31, 32.
Nom.— As the Holy Spirit is the agent that convicts of sin, and
brings the offer of pardon through the Word, the denial of the Spirit's
work is the refusal of pardon. In other words, the only unpardonable
sin is the sin which refuses to be pardoned.
25. Upon what basis has Christ taught us to ask forgiveness?
"And forgive us our debts, as we forgive our debtors." Matt.
6: 12.
26. What spirit must those cherish whom God forgives?
"For if ye forgive men their trespasses, your Heavenly Father
will also forgive you: but if ye forgive not men their trespasses,
neither will your Father forgive your trespasses." Verses 14, 15.
27. What exhortation is based on the fact that God has
forgiven us?
 CONFESSION AND FORGIVENESS 61
"And be ye kind one to another, tender-hearted, forgiving
one another, even as God for Christ's sake hath forgiven you."
Eph. 4:32.
28. In what condition is one whose sins are forgiven?
"Blessed is he whose transgression is forgiven, whose sin is
covered. Blessed is the man unto whom the Lord imputeth
not iniquity, and in whose spirit there is no guile." Ps. 32: 1, 2.

CONVERSION, OR THE NEW BIRTH

1. How did Jesus emphasize the necessity of conversion?
" Verily I say unto you, Except ye be converted, and become
as little children, ye shall not enter into the kingdom of heaven."
Matt. 18:3.
2. In what other statement did He teach the same truth?
"Verily, verily, I say unto thee, Except a man be born again,
he cannot see the kingdom of God." John 3: 3.
3. How did he further explain the new birth?
"Jesus answered, Verily, verily, I say unto thee, Except a
man be born of water and of the Spirit, he cannot enter into the
kingdom of God." Verse 5.
4. With what comparison did He illustrate the subject?
"The wind bloweth where it listeth, and thou hearest the
sound thereof, but cant not tell whence it cometh, and whither
it goeth: so is every one that is born of the Spirit." Verse 8.
5. What change is wrought in conversion, or the new birth?
"Even when we were dead in sins, hath quickened us to-
gether with Christ, (by grace ye are saved)." Eph. 2: 5.
6. What is one evidence of this change from death to life?
"We know that we have passed from death unto life, be-
cause we love the brethren. He that loveth not his brother
abideth in death." 1 John 3: 14.
7. From what is a converted sinner saved?
"Let him know, that he which converteth the sinner from
the error of his way shall save a soul from death, and shall hide a
multitude of sins." James 5: 20. See Acts 26: 14-18.
62 BIBLE READINGS
8: To whom are sinners brought by conversion?
"Create in me a clean heart, 0 God; and renew a right
spirit within me. . Then will I teach transgressors Thy
ways; and sinners shall be converted unto Thee." Ps. 51: 10-13.
9 In what words to Peter did Jesus indicate the kind of
service ,a converted person should render to his brethren?
"And the Lord said, Simon, Simon, behold, Satan hath
desired to have you, that he may sift you as wheat: but I have
prayed for thee, that thy faith fail not: and when thou art con-
verted, strengthen thy brethren." Luke 22: 31, 32.
10. What other experience is associated with conversion?
"For this people's heart is waxed gross, and their ears are
dull of hearing, and their eyes they have closed; lest at any
time they should see with their eyes, and hear with their ears,
and should understand with their heart, and should be con-
verted, and I should heal them." Matt. 13: 15.
11. What gracious promise does God make to His people?
"I will heal their backsliding, I will love them freely: for
Mine anger is turned away from him." Hosea 14: 4.
12. By what means is this healing accomplished?
"He [Christ] was wounded for our transgressions, He was
bruised for our iniquities: the chastisement of our peace was
upon Him; and with His stripes we are healed." Isa. 53: 5.
13. What takes place when one is converted to Christ?
"Wherefore if any man is in Christ, he is a new creation:
the old things are passed away; behold, they are become new."
2 Cor. 5: 17, R. V., margin. See Acts 9: 1-22; 22: 1-21; 26: 1-23.
14. What is the value of merely outward forms?
"For in Christ Jesus neither circumcision availeth anything,
nor uncircumcision, but a new creature." Gal. 6: 15.
15. Through what was the original creation wrought?
"By the word of the Lord were the heavens made; and all the
host of them by the breath of His mouth." Ps. 33: 6.
16. Through what instrumentality is conversion wrought?
"Being born again, not of corruptible seed, but of incor-
 CONVERSION, OR THE NEW BIRTH 63
ruptible, by the word of God, which liveth and abideth forever."
1 Peter 1: z3.
17. What change is wrought by beholding Jesus?
"But we all with open face beholding as in. a glass the glory
of the Lord, are changed into the same image from glory. tozlory,
even as by the Spirit of the Lord." 2 Cor. 3:.18.
NOTE.- A beautiful statue once stood in the market-place of an
Italian city. It was the statue of a Greek slave girl. It represented the
slave as tidy and wells dressed. A ragged, uncombed little' street child,
coming across the statue in her play one day, stopped and gazed at it in
admfration. She was captivated by it. She gazed long and lovingly.
Moved by a sudden impulse, she went home and -washed her face and
combed her hair. Another day she stopped again.before the statue and
admired it and got a new idea. Next day her tattered clothes were
washed and mended. Each time she looked at the statue she found some-
thing in its beauties to admire and copy, until she was a transformed child.
By beholding we become changed.
18. What are the evidences that one has been born of God?
"If ye know that He is righteous, ye know that every one
that doeth righteousness is born of Him." "Beloved, let-us love
one another: for love is of God; and every one that loveth is born
of God, and knoweth God." 1 John 2:29; 4: 7.
19. What is true of every one who believes in Jesus? ,.F.:
"Whosoever believeth that Jesus is the Christ iB barn of
God." 1 John 5: 1.
20. What do those born of God not do?
" We know that whosoever is born of God sinneth not; but he
that is begotten of God keepeth himself, and that wicked one
toucheth him not." Verse 18.
21. What indwelling power keeps such from sinning?
"Whosoever is born of God doth not commit sin; for His
seed remaineth in him: and he cannot sin, because he is born of
God." 1 John 3: 9. See 1 John 5: 4; Gen. 39:9.
22. What will be the experience of those born of the Spirit?
"There is therefore now no condemnation to them which are
in Christ Jesus, who walk not after the flesh, but after the
Spirit." Rom. 8: 1.
 BAPTISM
1. WHAT ordinance is closely' associated with believing the
gospel?
"And He said unto them, Go ye into all the world, and
preach the gospel to every creature. He that believeth and is
baptized shall be saved; but he that believeth not shall be
damned." Mark 16: 15, 16.
2. What did the apostle Peter associate with baptism in
his instruction on the day of Pentecost?
•"Then Peter said unto them, Repent, and be baptized every
one of you in the name of Jesus Christ for the remission of sins."
Acts 2: 38.
3. In reply to his inquiry concerning salvation, what was
the Philippian jailer told to do?
"And they said, Believe on the Lord Jesus Christ, and thou
shalt be saved, and thy house." Acts 16: 31.
4. What followed immediately after the jailer and h:s
family had accepted Christ as their Saviour?
"And he took them [Paul and Silas] the same hour of the
night, and washed their stripes; and was baptized, he and all
his, straightway." Verse 33.
5. In connection with Christian baptism, what is washed
away?
"And now why tarriest thou? arise, and be baptized, and
wash away thy sins, calling on the name of the Lord." Acts
22: 16. See Titus 3: 5; 1 Peter 3:21.
6. By what means are sins washed away?
"Unto Him that loved us, and washed us from our sins in
His own blood." Rev. 1: 5.
7. Into whose name are believers to be baptized?
"Go ye therefore, and make disciples of all the nations,
baptizing them into the name of the Father and of the Son and
of the Holy Ghost." Matt. 28: 19, R. V.
8. When believers are baptized into Christ, whom do they
put on?
"For as many of you as have been baptized into Christ have
put on Christ." Gal. 3: 27.
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 BAPTISM 65
9. Into what experience are those baptized who are baptized
into Christ?
"Know ye not, that so many of us as were baptized into
Jesus Christ were baptized into His death?" Rom. 6: 3.
Nam.— Baptism is a gospel ordinance commemorating the death,
burial, and resurrection of Christ. In baptism public testimony is given
to the effect that the one baptized has bean crucified with Christ, buried
with Him, and is raised with Him to walk in newness of life. Only one
• mode of baptism can rightly represent these facts of experience, and that
is immersion,— the mode followed by Christ and the primitive church.
10. How is such a baptism described?
"Therefore we are buried with Him by baptism•into death:
that like as Christ was raised up from the dead by the glory of
the Father, even so we also should walk in newness of life."
Verse 4.
11. How fully are we thus united with Christ in His expe-
rience of death and resurrection?
"For if we have been planted together in the likeness of His
death, we shall be also in the likeness of His resurrection."
Verse 5.
12. What will follow this union with Christ in His death and
resurrection?
"Now if we be dead with Christ, we believe that we shall
also live with Him." Verse 8.
13. In what working of God is faith to be exercised in con-
nection with baptism?
"Buried with Him in baptism, wherein also ye are risen with
Him through the faith of the operation of God, who hath raised
Him from the dead." Col. 2: 12.
14. At the beginning of His ministry, what example did
Jesus set for the benefit of His followers?
"Then cometh Jesus from Galilee to Jordan unto John, to
be baptized of him," Matt. 3 : 13.
15. What remarkable experience attended the baptism of
Jesus?
"And Jesus, when He was baptized, went up straightway
out of the water: and, lo, the heavens were opened unto Him,
and He saw the Spirit of God descending like a dove, and lighting
upon Him: and lo a voice from heaven, saying, This is My be-
loved Son, in whom I am well pleased." Verses 16, 17.
5
66 BIBLE READINGS

16. What promise is made to those who repent and are

baptized?
"Then Peter said unto them, Repent, and be baptized every
one of you in the name of Jesus Christ for the remission of sins,
and ye shall receive the gift of the Holy Ghost." Acts 2: 38.
17. What question did the eunuch ask after Philip had
preached Jesus unto himl
"And as they went on their way, they came unto a certain
water : and the eunuch said, See, here is water; what doth hinder
me to be baptized?" Acts 8: 36.
18. In Erder to baptize the eunuch, where did Philip take
him?
"And he commanded the chariot to stand still: and they went
down both into the water, both Philip and the eunuch; and he bap-
tized him." Verse 38.
19. How did the people of Samaria publicly testify to their
faith in the preaching of Philip?
"But when they believed Philip preaching the things con-
cerning the kingdom of God, and the name of Jesus Christ,
they were baptized, both men and women." Verse 12.
20. What instruction did the apostle Peter give concerning
the Gentiles who had believed?
"Can any man forbid water, that these should not be bap-
tized, which have received the Holy Ghost as well as we? And
he commanded them to be baptized in the name of the Lord."
Acts 10: 47, 48.
21. How perfect is the unity into which believers are brought
by being baptized into Christ?
"For as the body is one, and hath many members, and all
the members of that one body, being many, are one body: so
also is Christ. For by one Spirit are we all baptized into one
body, whether we be Jews or Gentiles, whether we be bond or
free; and have been all made to drink into one Spirit." 1 Cor.
12: 12, 13.
22. After being united with Christ hi the likeness of His
death and resurrection, what should the believer do?
"If ye then be risen with Christ, seek those things which are
above, where Christ sitteth on the right hand of God." Col.
3:1.
 RECONCILED TO GOD
1. WHAT message of entreaty has God sent to us through
His appointed messengers?
"Now then we are ambassadors for Christ, as though God
did beseech you by us: we pray you in Christ's stead, be ye
reconciled to God." 2 Cor. 5: 20.
2. Through whom is this reconciliation made?
"All things are of God, who hath reconciled us to Himself
by Jesus Christ, and hath given to us the ministry of reconcili-
ation." Verse 18.
3. What was required in order to effect this reconciliation?
"For if, when we were enemies, we were reconciled to God by
the death of His Son, much more, being reconciled, we shall be
saved by His life." Rom. 5: 10.
4. What basis for reconciliation was made by Christ's death?
"Having made peace through the blood of His cross, by Him
to reconcile all things unto Himself." Col. 1:20.
5. Through whom is the reconciliation received?
"We also joy in God through our Lord Jesus Christ, by
whom we have now received the atonement [margin, reconcili-
ation]." Rom. 5: 11.
6. By what union does Christ reconcile both Jew and Gen-
tile to God through the cross?
"And that He might reconcile both unto God in one body
by the cross, having slain the enmity thereby." Eph. 2: 16.
7. In what prophecy was the work of reconciliation fore-
told? •
"Seventy weeks are determined upon thy people and upon
thy holy city, to finish the transgression, and to make an end of
sins, and to make reconciliation for iniquity." Dan. 9: 24.
8. In thus reconciling the world unto Himself, what atti-
tude did God take toward men?
"God was in Christ, reconciling the world unto Himself,
not imputing their trespasses unto them." 2 Cor. 5: 19.
9. What rendered it possible for God to treat sinners thus?
"All we like sheep have gone astray; we have turned every
one to his own way; and the Lord hath laid on Him the iniquity
of 'us all." Isa. 53:6.
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10. What was Christ made, to release men from sin?

"For He hath made Him to be sin for us, who knew no sin;
that we might be made the righteousness of God in Him."
2 Cor. 5:21.
11. How was He treated?
"But He was wounded for our transgressions, He was bruised
for our iniquities: the chastisement of our peace was upon Him;
and with His stripes we are healed." Isa. 53: 5.
12. What did John declare concerning Him?
"Behold the Lamb of God, which taketh away [margin,
beareth] the sin of the world." John 1: 29.
13. To what place did Christ carry these sins?
"Who His own self bare our sins in His own body on the tree,
that we, being dead to sins, should live unto righteousness:
by whose stripes ye were healed." 1 Peter 2: 24.
14. What is the great purpose of Christ in His work of
reconciliation?
"And you, that were sometime alienated and enemies in
your mind by wicked works, yet now hath He reconciled in the
body of His flesh through death, to present you holy and un-
blamable and unreprovable in His sight." Col. 1:21, 22.

ACCEPTANCE WITH GOD

1. IN whom has God made us accepted?
"Blessed be the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ,
who hath blessed us with all spiritual blessings . . . in
Christ: according as He bath chosen us in Him . . . to
the praise of the glory of His grace, wherein He hath made us
accepted in the Beloved." Eph. 1: 3-6.
2. What great gift comes with our acceptance of Christ?
"And this is the will of Him that sent Me, that every one
which seeth the Son, and believeth on Him, may have ever-
lasting life: and I will raise him up at the last day." John 6: 40.
See also John 17: 2.
3. What is the first and primary evidence of our acceptance
with God?
"If we receive' the witness of men, the witness of God is
greater: for this is the witness of God which He hath testified of
 ACCEPTANCE WITH GOD 69
His Son. . . . And this is the record, that God hath given
to us eternal life, and this life is in His Son." 1 John 5: 9-11.
NOTE.— The primary basis of all faith and acceptance is the word of
God,— that which God Himself has said. To receive and believe this is
the first essential to salvation,— the first evidence of acceptance.
4. Why did John write his testimony concerning God's
love and purpose in giving Christ?
"These things have I written unto you that believe on the
name of the Son of God; that ye may know that ye have eternal
life, and that ye may believe on the name of the Son of God.".
Verse 13. "These are written, that ye might believe that Jesus is
the Christ, the Son of God; and that believing ye might have life
through His name." John 20:31.
5. What witness does the true believer in Christ have that
he is accepted of God?
"He that believeth on the Son of God hath the witness in
himself: he that believeth not God hath made Him a liar; be-
cause he believeth not the record that God gave of His Son."
1 John 5: 10.
NOTE.— Faith and feeling should not be confounded. Faith is ours
to exercise in the Word of God, regardless of our feelings, and often in op-
position even to our feelings. Many fail to accept the pardon and assur-
ance of the acceptance of Heaven, because they do not take God at His
word, but instead turn their attention to their changeable moods and feel-
ings. Faith always precedes the joyful feelings which naturally result from
the assurance of forgiveness and acceptance. This order is never reversed.
6. How only do any become children of God?
"Ye are all the children of God by faith in Christ Jesus."
Gal. 3: 26.
7. What is the foundation of faith?
•"Faith cometh by hearing, and hearing by the word of God."
Rom. 10: 17.
8. What assurance has the believer of his union with God?
"Hereby know we that we dwell in Him, and He in us, be-
cause He hath given us of His Spirit." 1 John 4: 13.
9. What three definite witnesses of acceptance are mentioned
by John?
"There are three that bear witness in earth, the Spirit, and
the water, and the blood: and thtse three agree in one." 1 John
5: 8.
10. How does the Spirit witness to our acceptance with God?
70 BIBLE READINGS

"Because ye are sons, God hath sent forth the Spirit of His
Son into your hearts, crying, Abba, Father." Gal. 4: 6. "The
Spirit itself beareth witness with our spirit, that we are the
children of God." Rom. 8: 16.
11. Of what is Christian baptism an evidence?
"As many of you as have been baptized into Christ have
put on Christ." Gal. 3: 27.
Nov.— In baptism, the water and the Spirit both bear witness of God's
.acceptance. The same Spirit which, at Christ's baptism, said, "This is
My beloved Son, in whom I am well pleased," witnesses to the accept-
ance of every sincere believer at his baptism.
12. To what does the blood of Christ witness?
"These things write we unto you, that your joy may be full.
. . . If we walk in the light, as He is in the light, we have
fellowship one with another, and the blood of Jesus Christ His
Son cleanseth us from all sin." 1 John 1: 4-7. "In whom we
have redemption through His blood, the forgiveness of sins."
Eph. 1: 7. See also Rev. 1: 5, 6.
13. When may we find acceptance with God through Christ?
"I have heard thee in a time accepted, and in the day of sal-
vation have I succored thee: behold, now is the accepted time;
behold, now is the day of salvation." 2 Cor. 6: 2.
14. To whom, therefore, should we ascribe glory and honor?
" Unto Him that loved us, and washed us from our sins in His
own blood, and hath made us kings and priests unto God and His
Father; to Him be glory and dominion forever and ever. Amen."
Rev. 1: 5, 6.
15. What is another evidence of divine acceptance? •
"We know that we have passed from death unto life, be-
cause we love the brethren." 1 John 3: 14.
16. What blessed assurance is given all believers in Christ?
"And the peace of God, which passeth all understanding,
shall keep your hearts and minds through Christ Jesus." Phil.
4: 7.
 JUSTIFICATION BY FAITH
1. WHAT is the ground of justification on God's part?
"That being justified by His grace, we should be made heirs
according to the hope of eternal life." Titus 3: 7.
2. What is the means through which this justifying grace is
made available to the sinner?
"Much more then, being now justified by His [Christ's] blood,
we shall be saved from wrath through Him." Rom. 5: 9.
3. How is justification laid hold upon?
"Therefore we conclude that a man is justified by faith
without the deeds of the law." Rom. 3: 28.
4. What is the only way sinners may be justified, or made
righteous?
"Knowing that a man is not justified by the works of the
law, but by the faith of Jesus Christ, even we have believed in
Jesus Christ, that we might be justified by the faith of Christ,
and not by the works of the law: for by the works of the law
shall no flesh be justified." Gal. 2: 16.
5. What concrete example makes clear the meaning of this
doctrine?
"And He brought him [Abraham] forth abroad, and said,
Look now toward heaven, and tell the stars, if thou be able to
number them: and He said unto him, So shall thy seed be.
And he believed in the Lord; and He counted it to him for righteous-
ness." Gen. 15: 5, 6.
6. How is the righteousness thus obtained described?
"And be found in Him, not having thine own righteousness,
which is of the law, but that which is through the faith of Christ,
the righteousness which is of God by faith." Phil. 3: 9.
7. Upon what basis is justification granted?
"And not as it was by one that sinned, so is the gift: for the
judgment was by one to condemnation, but the free gift is of
many offenses unto justification." Rom. 5: 16.
8. Upon what basis does the reward come to one who works?
"Now to him that worketh is the reward not reckoned of
grace, but of debt." Rom. 4: 4.
9. Upon what condition is faith reckoned for righteousness?
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"But to him that worketh not, but believeth on Him that

justifieth the ungodly, his faith is counted for righteousness."
Verse 5.
10. How does grace, as the ground of justification, exclude
righteousness by works?
-"And-if by grace, then is it no more of workS: othenvise grace
is no more grace. But if it be of works, then is it no more grace:
otherwise work is no more work." Rom. 11: 6.
11. In what way are both Jews and Gentiles to be justified?
"Is He the God of the Jews only? is He not also of the Gen-
tiles? Yes, of the Gentiles also: seeing it is one God, which
shall justify the circumcision by faith, and uncircumcision
through faith." Rom. 3: 29, 30.
12. What statement testifies to Abraham's faith in God?
"He staggered not at the promise of God through unbelief;
but was strong in faith, giving glory to God; and being fully
persuaded that what He had promised, He was able also to per-
form." Rom. 4: 20, 21.
13. What did this bring to him?
"And therefore it was imputed to him for righteousness."
Verse 22.
14. How may we receive this same imputed righteousness?
"Now it was not written for his sake alone, that it was im-
puted to him; but for us also, to whom it shall be imputed,
if we believe on Him that raised up Jesus our Lord from the dead."
Verses 23, 24.
15. Why must justifying faith lay hold upon both the death
and the resurrection of Christ?
"Who was delivered for our offenses, and was raised again for
our justification." Verse 25. See 1 Cor. 15: 17.
NOTE.- The resurrection of Christ, the promised Seed (Gal. 3: 16),
was necessary in order to fulfil to Abraham the promise of an innumerable
seed; and therefore Abraham's faith in the promise of God, which included
the resurrection, was reckoned to him for righteousness. His faith laid
hold upon that which made imputed righteousness possible. See Heb.
11: 17-19.
16. What is inseparable from the experience of justification
by faith?
"Be it known unto you therefore, men and brethren, that
through this man is preached unto you the forgiveness of sins:
and by Him all that believe are justified from all things, from
 JUSTIFICATION BY FAITH 73'
which ye could not be justified by the law of Moses." Acts
13: 38, 39.
17. How has Christ made it possible for righteousness to
be imputed to the believer?
"For as by one man's disobedience many were made sinners,
so by the obedience of one shall many be made righteous." Rom.
5: 19.
18. What prophetic declaration foretold this truth?
"In the Lord shall all the seed of Israel be justified, and shall
glory." Isa. 45: 25.
19. What other prediction asserts the same great truth?
"By His knowledge shall My righteous servant justify many;
for He shall bear their iniquities." Isa. 53: 11.
20. What does the imputed righteousness of Christ enable
God to do, and still be just?
"To declare, I say, at this time His righteousness: that He
might be just, and the justifier of him which believeth in Jesus."
Rom. 3:26.
21. By what name is Christ appropriately called?
"Behold, the days come, saith the Lord, that I will raise
unto David a righteous Branch, and a King shall reign and
prosper, and shall execute judgment and justice in the earth.
In His days Judah shall be saved, and Israel shall dwell safely:
and this is His name whereby He shall be called, THE LORD OUR
RIGHTEOUSNESS." Jer. 23: 5, 6.
22. What blessed experience follows upon the acceptance
of Christ as our righteousness?
"Therefore being justified by faith, we have peace with God
through our Lord Jesus Christ." Rom. 5: 1.
23. What does Christ thus become to the believer?
"For He is our peace, who hath made both one, and hath
broken down the middle wall of partition between us." Eph.
2: 14.
24. On what basis is there no possibility of justification for
the sinner?
"Therefore by the deeds of the law there shall no flesh be justi-
fied in His sight: for by the law is the knowledge of sin." Rom..
3: 20.
74 BIBLE READINGS
25. How does the death of Christ bear testimony to this?
"I do not frustrate the grace of God: for if righteousness
come by the law, then Christ is dead in vain." Gal. 2: 21.
26. What is proved by any attempt to be justified by the
law?
" Christ is become of no effect unto you, whosoever of you are
justified by the law; ye are fallen from grace." Gal. 5: 4.
27. Why did Israel fail to attain unto righteousness?
"But Israel, which followed after the law of righteousness,
hath not attained to the law of righteousness. Wherefore?
Because they sought it not by faith, but as it were by the works of
the law. For they stumbled at that stumbling-stone." Rom.
9:31, 32.
28. What is revealed by the law?
"By the law is the knowledge of sin." Rom. 3: 20.
29. What bears witness to the genuineness of the righteous-
ness obtained by faith, apart from the deeds of the law?
"But now the righteousness of God without the law is mani-
fested, being witnessed by the law and the prophets." Verse 21.
30. Does faith set aside the law of God?
"Do we then make void the law through faith? God for-
bid: yea, we establish the law." Verse 31.
31. What scripture shows that the righteousness which is
received by grace through faith must not be made an excuse for
continuing in sin?
" What shall we say then? Shall we continue in sin, that grace
may abound? God forbid. How shall we, that are dead to sin,
live any longer therein?" Rom. 6: 1, 2.
32. Does faith exclude works?
"But wilt thou know, 0 vain man, that faith without works
is dead?" James 2: 20.
33. What is the evidence of genuine, living faith?
"Show me thy faith without thy works, and I will show thee
my faith by my works." Verse 18.
 JUSTIFICATION BY FAITH 75
34. What, then, are the visible proofs of genuine justification
by faith?
"Ye see then how that by works a man is justified, and not
by faith only." Verse 24. See also verse 22.
35. What great exchange has been wrought for us in Christ?
"For He hath made Him to be sin for us, who knew no sin;
that we might be made the righteousness of God in Him."
2 Cor. 5:21.
Now.— Said Luther: "Learn to know Christ and Him crucified.
Learn to sing a new song — to despair of your own works, and to cry unto
Him, Lord Jesus, Thou art my righteousness, and I am Thy sin. Thou
hest taken upon Thee what was mine, and given to me what was Thine;
what Thou wast not Thou becamest, that I might become what I was not."
—D'Aubigne's "History of the Reformation," book 2, chap. 8.

RIGHTEOUSNESS AND LIFE

1. WHAT is assured to the believer in Christ?
" For God so loved the world, that He gave His only be-
gotten Son, that whosoever believeth in Him should not perish,
but have everlasting life." John 3 : 16.
2. What is revealed in the gospel?
"For therein is the righteousness of God revealed from faith
to faith: as it is written, The just shall live by faith." Rom.
1: 17.
3. What has Christ brought to light through the gospel?
"Who hath abolished death, and hath brought life and im-
mortality to light through the gospel." 2 Tim. 1: 10.
4. How closely are righteousness and life thus united?
" In the way of righteousness is life; and in the pathway
thereof there is no death." Prov. 12:28.
5. What does he find who follows after righteousness?
"He that followeth after righteousness and mercy findeth
life, righteousness, and honor." Prov. 21:21.
6. Through what does grace reign unto eternal life?
"That as sin hath reigned unto death, even so might grace
reign through righteousness unto eternal life by Jesus Christ our
Lord." Rom. 5: 21.
76 BIBLE READINGS

7. What is the very life of the Spirit?

"And if Christ be in you, the body is dead because of sin;
but the Spirit is life because of righteousness." Rom. 8: 10.
8. What are the commandments of God declared to be?
"All Thy commandments are righteousness." Ps. 119: 172.
9. What did Jesus declare God's commandment to be?
"And I know that His commandment is life everlasting."
John 12: 50.
NOTE.—Life and righteousness are thus shown to be inseparable.
10. What does the prophet Jeremiah declare Christ to be?
"And this is His name whereby He shall be called, THE LORD
OUR RIGHTEOUSNESS." Jer. 23: 6.
11: What does Christ declare Himself to be?
"I am the way, the truth, and the life." John 14: 6.
12. How is righteousness received?
"For if by one man's offense death reigned by one; much
more they which receive abundance of grace and of the gift of
righteousness shall reign in life by one, Jesus Christ." Rom.
5: 17.
13. How is eternal life bestowed?
"For the wages of sin is death; but the gift of God is eternal
life through Jesus Christ our Lord." Rom. 6: 23.
14. What did Moses set forth as the basis of righteousness?
"And it shall be our righteousness, if we observe to do all these
commandments before the Lord our God, as He hath commanded
us." Deut. 6: 25.
15. What did Christ indicate as essential to eternal life?
"And He said unto him, Why tallest thou Me good? there
is none good but one, that is, God: but if thou wilt enter into
life, keep the commandments." Matt. 19: 17.
NOTE.- The righteousness of God, which is obtained by faith in
Christ, brings with it the life of God, which is inseparably connected with
righteousness; and the life of God, which is bestowed upon man as a gift
through his faith in Christ, is a life of righteousness,— the righteousness,
or right-doing, of Christ.
 CONSECRATION
1. WHAT offering did King Hezekiah command to be made
when he reestablished the worship of the temple?
"And Hezekiah commanded to offer the burnt offering upon
the altar. And when the burnt offering began, the song of the
Lord began also with the trumpets, and with the instruments
ordained by David king of Israel." 2 Chron. 29:27.
2. After the people had united in this service, how did
Hezekiah interpret its meaning?
"Then Hezekiah answered and said, Now ye have con-
secrated yourselves unto the Lord, come near and bring sacrifices
and thank-offerings into the house of the Lord. And the con-
gregation brought in sacrifices and thank-offerings; and as many
as were of a free heart burnt offerings." Verse 31.
NorE.—The morning and the evening burnt offering, or the contin-
ual offering (Ex. 29:42), symbolized the daily consecration of the people
to the Lord.
3. How is this consecration urged upon all Christians?
"I beseech you therefore, brethren, by the mercies of God,
that ye present your bodies a living sacrifice, holy, acceptable
unto God, which is your reasonable service." Rom. 12: 1.
4. What is the continual sacrifice of praise declared to be?
"Through Him then let us offer up a sacrifice of praise to
God continually, that is, the fruit of lips which make confession
to His name." Heb. 13: 15, R. V.
5. How is the service of consecration to be carried forward
by the Christian church?
"Ye also, as lively stones, are built up a spiritual house,
an holy priesthood, to offer up spiritual sacrifices, acceptable to
God by Jesus Christ." 1 Peter 2: 5.
6. Who has set the example of complete consecration?
"And whosoever will be chief among you, let him be your
servant: even as the Son of man came not to be ministered unto,
but to minister, and to give His life a ransom for many." Matt.
20:27, 28.
7. What position has Jesus taken among His brethren?
"For whether is greater, he that sitteth at meat, or he that
serveth? is not he that sitteth at meat? but I am among you as
he that serveth." Luke 22: 27.
[77]
78 BIBLE READINGS

8. In what does likeness to Christ consist?

"Let this mind be in you, which was also in Christ Jesus."
Phil. 2: 5.
9. What did Christ's spirit of meekness and consecration
lead Him to do?
"But made Himself of no reputation, and took upon Him the
form of a servant, and was made in the likeness of men." Verse 7.
10.*To what extent did Christ humble Himself?
"And being found in fashion as a man, He humbled Him-
self, and became obedient unto death, even the death of the cross."
Verse 8.
11. How does He exhort us to the same consecration?
"Take My yoke upon you, and learn of Me; for I am meek
and lowly in heart: and ye shall find rest unto your souls."
Matt. 11:29.
12.What does He make the condition of discipleship?
"So likewise, whosoever he be of you that forsaketh not
all that he hath, he cannot be My disciple." Luke 14: 33.
13. What is proof that one does not belong to Christ?
"If any man have not the Spirit of Christ, he is none of His."
Rom. 8: 9.
14. How should he walk who professes to abide in Christ?
"He that saith he abideth in Him ought himself also so to
walk, even as He walked." 1 John 2: 6.
15.-Do we belong to ourselves?
"Know ye not that . . . ye are not your own? for ye
are bought with a price." 1 Cor. 6: 19, 20.
16. What are we therefore exhorted to do?
"Therefore glorify God in your body, and in your spirit,
which are God's." Verse 20.
NOTE.- Our time, strength, and means are God's, and should be
given to His service.
17. Of what are the bodies of Christians the temple?
"What? know ye not that your body is the temple of the
Holy Ghost which is in you, which ye have of God?" Verse 19.
 CONSECRATION 79
18. When truly consecrated, for what is one ready?
"Also I heard the voice of the Lord, saying, Whom shall I
send, and who will go for us? Then said I, Here am I; send me."
Isa. 6: 8.
19. How is this willingness for service otherwise expressed?
"Behold, as the eyes of servants look unto the hand of their
masters, and as the eyes of a maiden unto the hand of her mis-
tress; so our eyes wait upon the Lord our God." Ps. 123: 2.

BIBLE ELECTION
1. WHAT does the apostle Peter admonish us to do?
" Wherefore . . . brethren, give diligence to make your
calling and election sure." 2 Peter 1: 10.
Nom— This text at once reveals the fact that our salvation, so far
as our own individual cases are concerned, is dependent upon our own
action. We are elected to be saved; but we are to give diligence to make
this election sure. If we do not, it will not meet its purpose in our case,
and we shall be lost.
2. What admonition given by Christ teaches the same
truth?
"Behold, I come quickly: hold that fast which thou bast,
that no man take thy crown." Rev. 3: 11.
NOTE.- Crowns have been prepared for each of the finally redeemed.
Every soul is a candidate in the race for eternal life, and hence for a
crown. Faith in Jesus, and perseverance to the end, will hold it fast.
3. Upon what condition is the crown of life promised?
"Be thou faithful unto death, and I will give thee a crown of
life." Rev. 2: 10.
4. In whom, and from what time, have we been chosen unto
holiness and salvation?
"According as He hath chosen us in Him [Christ] before the
foundation of the world." Eph. 1: 4, first part.
5. What is the character of those thus chosen before the
foundation of the world?
"That we should be holy and without blemish before Him in
-'love." Same verse, last part, R. V.
80 BIBLE READINGS

6. To what has God foreordained those who attain to this

character?
"Having foreordained us unto adoption as sons through
Jesus Christ unto Himself." Verse 5, R. V.
7. According to what does God call us?
"And we know that all things work together for good to
them that love God, to them who are the called according to
His purpose." Rom. 8: 28.
8. According to what have we been predestinated?
"Being predestinated according to the purpose of Him who
worketh all things after the counsel of His own will." Eph. 1: 11.
9. How many does God desire to be saved?
"Who will have all men to be saved, and to come unto the
knowledge of the truth." 1 Tim. 2: 4.
10. Upon what condition is salvation offered?
" Believe on the Lord Jesus Christ, and thou shalt be saved."
Acts 16: 31.
11. For how long must this faith be preserved in order to
bring final salvation?
"He that shall endure unto the end, the same shall be saved."
Matt. 24: 13. See James 1: 12; Rev. 2: 10.
12. What scripture is sometimes cited as evidence that God
is arbitrary in His dealings with men?
"Therefore hath He mercy on whom He will have mercy,
and whom He will He hardeneth." Rom. 9: 18.
13. But what other scripture shows with whom God wills
to be merciful, and with whom otherwise?
"With the merciful Thou wilt show Thyself merciful; with
an upright man Thou wilt show Thyself upright; with the pure
Thou wilt show Thyself pure; and with the froward Thou wilt
show Thyself froward." Ps. 18: 25, 26. See also Isa. 55: 7.
Nova.— God wills that men shall be saved. He has foreordained
the characters that will entitle men to salvation, but He does not compel
any one to receive Christ, possess this character, and be saved. This is a
matter of individual choice. By His mighty acts and judgments in Egypt,
God "hardened Pharaoh's heart." Ex. 7: 3, 13, 22. But the same mani-
festations softened the hearts of others. The difference was in the hearts,
and in the way God's message and dealings were received; not in God.
The same sun which melts the wax hardens the clay. Ex. 8:32 says
that Pharaoh hardened his own heart.
 BIBLE ELECTION 81

14. What, on man's part, is essential to salvation?

"Choose ye this day whom ye will serve." Joshua 24: 15.
"If any man willeth to do His will, he shall know of the teaching."
John 7: 17, R. V. "Believe on the Lord Jesus Christ, and thou
shalt be saved." Acts 16: 31. " Whosoever will, let him take
the water of life freely." Rev. 22: 17.
NOTE.- A man once wished to join a certain church, but said he
could not do so on account of the views this church held on the subject
of "election." The minister to whom he was sent for help and enlighten-
ment, failing to make the matter clear, an old colored man, a layman, came
to the rescue, and said: "Brother, this is the very easiest thing in the
church. You see, it is like this: The votin' is goin' on all the time; and
God, He is votin' for you; and the devil, he is votin' agin you; and which-
ever way you vote, that is the way the election goes." Commenting upon
this incident, Rev. Wilbur Chapman, the noted evangelist, says: "I have
studied theology some myself, and graduated at a theological seminary;
but I never got anything quite so good as that."
15. In what fact may every believer rejoice?
"But rejoice that your names are written in heaven." Luke
10:20, R. V.
16. Whose names are to be retained in the book of life?
"He that overcometh, . . . I will not blot out his name
out of the book of life." Rev. 3: 5.

BIBLE SANCTIFICATION
1. WHAT inspired prayer sets the standard of Christian
experience?
"And the very God of peace sanctify you wholly; and I pray
God your whole spirit and soul and body be preserved blameless
unto the coming of our Lord Jesus Christ." 1 Thess. 5: 23.
2. How necessary is the experience of sanctification?
"Follow after peace with all men, and the sanctification
without which no man shall see the Lord." Help. 12: 14, R. V.
3. What encouragement is held out as an aid in attaining
this experience?
"For this is the will of God, even your sanctification." 1
Thess. 4: 3.
Noma.—Whatever is the will of God concerning us can be realized in
our experience if our wills are in harmony with His will. It is therefore
a matter of great encouragement to know that our sanctification is in-
cluded in the will of God.
6
82 BIBLE READINGS
4. What distinct purpose did Christ have in giving Him-
self for the church?
"Husbands, love your wives, even as Christ also loved the
church, and gave Himself for it; that He might sanctify and
cleanse it with the washing of water by the word." Eph. 5:
25, 26.
5. What kind of church would He thus be able to present
to Himself?
"That He might present it to Himself a glorious church,
not having spot, or wrinkle, or any such thing; but that it should
be holy and without blemish." Verse 27.
6. In the experience of sanctification, what attitude must
one assume toward the truth?
"God hath from the beginning chosen you to salvation
through sanctification of the Spirit and belief of the truth."
2 Thess. 2: 13.
7. What instruction shows that sanctification is a progres-
sive work?
"But grow in grace, and in the knowledge of our Lord and
Saviour Jesus Christ." 2 Peter 3: 18. See chap. 1: 5-7.
8. What description of the apostle Paul's experience is in
harmony with this?
"Brethren, I count not myself to have apprehended: but this
one thing I do, forgetting those things which are behind, and
reaching forth unto those things which are before, I press toward
the mark of the prize of the high calling of God in Christ Jesus."
Phil. 3: 13, 14.
9. By what is this cleansing from sin and fitting for God's
service accomplished?
"For if the blood of bulls and of goats, and the ashes of an
heifer sprinkling the unclean, sanctifieth to the purifying of the
flesh: how much more shall the blood of Christ, who through the
eternal Spirit offered Himself without spot to God, purge your
conscience from dead works to serve the living God? " Heb. 9:
13, 14. See also chap. 10: 29.
10. What change is thus brought about?
"And be not conformed to this world: but be ye transformed
by the renewing of your mind, that ye may prove what is that
good, and acceptable, and perfect, will of God." Rom. 12: 2.
 BIBLE SANCTIFICATION 83
11. Can any one boast of sinlessness?
"If we say that we have no sin, we deceive ourselves, and the
truth is not in us." 1 John 1: 8.
12. What are we exhorted by the prophet to seek?
"Seek ye the Lord, all ye meek of the earth, which have
wrought His judgment; seek righteousness, seek meekness: it may
be ye shall be hid in the day of the Lord's anger." Zeph. 2: 3.
13. In whose name should everything be done?
"And whatsoever ye do in word or deed, do all in the name of
the Lord Jesus." Col. 3: 17.
.14. In all we do, whose glory should we have in view?
"Whether therefore ye eat, or drink, or whatsoever ye do,
do all to the glory of God." 1 Cor. 10:31.
15. What classes of persons are necessarily shut out of the
kingdom of God?
"For this ye know, that no whoremonger, nor unclean per-
son, nor covetous man, who is an idolater, hath any inheritance
in the kingdom of Christ and of God." Eph. 5: 5. "Know ye
not that the unrighteous shall not inherit the kingdom of God?
Be not deceived: neither fornicators, nor idolaters, nor adulter-
ers, nor effeminate, nor abusers of themselves with mankind,
nor thieves, nor covetous, nor drunkards, nor revilers, nor ex-
tortioners, shall inherit the kingdom of God." 1 Cor. 6: 9, 10.
16. What must be crucified and eliminated from our lives
if we would be holy?
"Mortify therefore your members which are upon the earth;
fornication, uncleanness, inordinate affection, evil concupis-
cence, and covetousness, which is idolatry: for which things'
sake the wrath of God cometh on the children of disobedience."
Col. 3: 5, 6.
17. When purged from these sins, in what condition is a
man, and for what is he prepared?
"If a man therefore purge himself from these, he shall be a
vessel unto honor, sanctified, and meet for the Master's use, and
prepared unto every good work." 2 Tim. 2: 2L
NOTE.- "Sanctification is the term used to describe the work of
God the Holy Ghost upon the character of those who are justified. We
are justified in order that we may be sanctified, and we are sanctified in
order that we may be glorified. Whom He justified, them He also glori-
84 BIBLE READINGS
fled.' Rom. 8: 30. The grace of God is given to make us holy, and so to
fit us for God's presence in eternity; for 'without holiness no man shall see
the Lord.' Heb. 12: 14."—" The Catholic Religion" (Episcopal), by Res.
Vernon Staley, page 327.

IMPORTANCE OF SOUND DOCTRINE

1. DOES it matter what one believes, so long as he is sincere?
"God hath from the beginning chosen you to salvation
through sanctification of the Spirit and belief of the truth."
2 Thess. 2: 13.
NOTE.— Doctrine affects the life. Truth leads to life and God; error
to death and destruction. No one would think of saying it matters not
what god one worships, so long as he is sincere, any more than he would
think of saying it matters not what one eats or drinks, so long as he relishes
what he eats and drinks; or what road he travels, so long as he thinks he is
on the right road. Sincerity is a virtue; but it is not the test of sound doc-
trine. God wills that we shall know the truth, and He has made provision
whereby we may know what is truth.
2. Did Joshua think it immaterial what God Israel served?
"Now therefore fear the Lord, and serve Him in sincerity
and in truth: and put away the gods which your fathers served on
the other side of the flood and in Egypt; and serve ye the Lord.
And if it seem evil unto you to serve the Lord, choose you this
day whom ye will serve; whether the gods which your fathers
served that were on the other side of the flood, or the gods of
the Amorites, in whose land ye dwell: but as for me and my house,
we will serve the Lord." Joshua 24: 14, 15.
NoTE.— The influence of all idolatrous worship is degrading. See
Rom. 1:21-32; Numbers 15; 1 Cor. 10:20; 1 John 5:21.
3. How may we determine the truthfulness of any doctrine?
"Prove all things; hold fast that which is good." 1 Thess.
5:21.
4. By what should we test, or prove, all doctrine?
"To the law and to the testimony: if they speak not according
to this word, it is because there is no light in them." Isa. 8: 20.
NoTE.— The Bible is the test of all doctrine. Whatever does not
harmonize and square with this, is not to be received. "There is but one
standard of the everlastingly right and the everlastingly wrong, and that
is the Bible."— T. DeWitt Talmage.
5. Of what kind of doctrines should we beware?
"That we henceforth be no more children, tossed to and fro,
and carried about with every wind of doctrine." Eph. 4: 14.
See also Heb. 13:9.
 IMPORTANCE OF SOUND DOCTRINE 85
6. What is a "wind of doctrine"?
"And the prophets stall become wind, and the word is not
in them." Jer. 5: 13.
NOTE.- Calling a doctrine a wind of doctrine does not make it such.
That is a wind of doctrine which is not sustained by the Word of God.
7. For what is all scripture profitable?
"All scripture is given by inspiration of God, and is profitable
for doctrine." 2 Tim. 3: 16.
8. What advice was given to Timothy while preparing for
the gospel ministry?
"Till I come, give attendance to reading, to exhortation, to
doctrine. . . . Take heed unto thyself, and unto the doc-
trine." 1 Tim. 4: 13-16.
9. What solemn charge was given him concerning his public
work?
"I charge thee therefore before God, and the Lord Jesus
Christ, who shall judge the quick and the dead at His appearing
and His kingdom; Preach the word;. . . reprove, rebuke,
exhort with all long-suffering and doctrine." 2 Tim. 4: 1, 2.
10. Why did the apostle say this duty was so imperative?
"For the time will come when they will not endure sound doc-
trine; but after their own lusts shall they heap to themselves
teachers, having itching ears • and they shall turn away their ears
from the truth, and shall be turned unto fables." Verses 3, 4.
11. What similar instruction was given to Titus?
"But speak thou the things which become sound doctrine:
. . . in all things showing thyself a pattern of good works:
in doctrine showing uncorruptness, gravity, sincerity." Titus
2: 1-7.
12. What will sound doctrine enable the faithful teacher
to do?
"Holding fast the faithful word as he hath been taught,
that he may be able by sound doctrine both to exhort and to con-
vince the gainsayers." Titus 1: 9.
13. What danger attends the teaching of false doctrine?
"Who concerning the truth have erred, saying that the
resurrection is past already; and overthrow the faith of some."
2 Tim. 2: 18.
86 BIBLE READINGS
14.Who are the disciples of Jesus, and what gracious work
does the truth do for those who receive it?
"If ye continue in My word, then are ye My disciples indeed;
and ye shall know the truth, and the truth shall make you free."
John 8: 31, 32.
15. Through what are they to be sanctified?
"Sanctify them through Thy truth: Thy word is truth."
John 17: 17.
16.What kind of worship results from false teaching?
"But in vain they do worship Me, teaching for doctrines the
commandments of men." Matt. 15: 9.
17.Can we close our ears to truth, and remain innocent
before God?
"He that turneth away his ear from hearing the law, even
his prayer shall be abomination." Prov. 28: 9.
18. What did Christ say of those who will to do God's will?
"If any man willeth to do His will, he shall know of the teach-
ing, whether it be of God, or whether I speak from Myself."
John 7:17, R. V. See also Ps. 25:9; John 8:12.
19. What will God allow to come to those who reject truth?
"Because they receive not the love of the truth, that they
might be saved. And for this cause God shall send them strong
delusion, that they should believe a lie: that they all might be
damned who believed not the truth, but had pleasure in un-
righteousness." 2 Thess. 2: 10-12.
20. By what doctrines are some to be misled in the last
days?
"Now the Spirit speaketh expressly, that in the latter times
some shall depart from the faith, giving heed to seducing spirits,
and doctrines of devils." 1 Tim. 4: 1. See 2 Peter 2: 1.
21. What fate awaits blind teachers and their followers?
"Let them alone: they be blind leaders of the blind. And
if the blind lead the blind, both shall fall into the ditch." Matt.
15: 14.
22. To whom will the gates of the heavenly city finally be
opened?
"Open ye the gates, that the righteous nation which keepeth
the truth may enter in." Isa. 26: 2. See also Rev. 22: 14.
 PRESENT TRUTH
1. BY what are men sanctified?
"Sanctify them through Thy truth: Thy word is truth."
John 17: 17.
2. To what knowledge would God have all men come?
"Who will have all men to be saved, and to come unto the
knowledge of the truth." 1 Tim. 2: 4.
3. After receiving a knowledge of the truth, what must one
do in order to be sanctified by it?
"God hath from the beginning chosen you to salvation
through sanctification of the Spirit and belief of the truth."
2 Thess. 2: 13.
4. And what besides a mere belief in the truth is necessary?
"Elect according to the foreknowledge of God the Father,
through sanctification of the Spirit, unto obedience." 1 Peter
1: 2.
5. What effect does obedience to the truth have?
"Seeing ye have purified your souls in obeying the truth through
the Spirit." Verse 22.
6. How should the truth ever be cherished?
"Buy the truth, and sell it not." Prov. 23:23.
NOTE.— That is, buy the truth at whatever sacrifice or cost, and sell
it under no consideration.
7. Does the Bible recognize what may be called "present
truth"?
"Wherefore I will not be negligent to put you always in
remembrance of t.lige things, though ye know them, and be
established in the present truth." 2 Peter 1: 12.
NOTE.— Some truths are applicable in all ages, and are therefore
present truth for every generation; others are of a special character, and
are applicable to only one generation. They are none the less important,
however, because of this; for upon their acceptance or rejection depends
the salvation or loss of the people of that generation. Of this kind was
Noah's message of a coming flood. To the generation to whom it was
preached that message was present truth; to later generations it has been
past truth, and not a present, testing message. Similarly, had the first
advent message of John the Baptist, of the Messiah at hand, been pro-
claimed in the generation either before or after John's time, it would
not have been applicable — would not have been present truth. The peo-
ple of the generation before would not have lived to see it fulfilled, and
to those living after, it would have been wrongly timed. Not so with
general truths, such as love, faith, hope, repentance, obedience, justice,
and mercy. These are always in season, and of a saving nature at all
times. Present truths, however, always include all these, and hence are
saving in character, and of vital importance.
1871
88 BIBLE READINGS
8. What was the special message for Noah's day?
"And God said unto Noah, The end of all flesh is come be-
fore Me; for the earth is filled with violence through them;
and, behold, I will destroy them with the earth. Make thee an
ark of gopherwood." Gen. 6: 13, 14.
9. How did Noah show his faith in this message?
"By faith Noah, being warned of God of things not seen as yet,
moved with fear, prepared an ark to the saving of his house; by
the which he condemned the world, and became heir of the
righteousness which is by faith." Heb. 11: 7.
10. How many were saved in the ark?
"The long-suffering of God waited in the days of Noah,
while the ark was a preparing, wherein few, that is, eight souls
were saved by water." 1 Peter 3: 20.
Nun.— Doubtless many who were lost in the flood held, in a nominal
way, to faith in God; but the test as to the genuineness of this came with
Noah's special message; and the difference between their faith and his was
made plain when they rejected the saving truth for that time,— the warn-
ing message concerning the coming flood.
11. What special message was given to Jonah for Nineveh?
"So Jonah arose, and went unto Nineveh, according to the
word of the Lord. . . . And Jonah began to enter into
the city a day's journey, and he cried, and said, Yet forty days,
and Nineveh shall be overthrown." Jonah 3: 3, 4.
12. What saved the people from the predicted overthrow?
"So the people of Nineveh believed God, and proclaimed a
fast, and put on sackcloth, from the greatest of them even to the
least of them. . . . And God saw their works, that they
turned from their evil way; and God repented of the evil, that He
had said that He would do unto them; and He did it not."
Verses 5-10. See Jer. 18: 7-10.
NOTE.- So likewise would God have spared the antediluvian world
had they received Noah's message, and turned from their evil ways. '
13. What was the special mission of John the Baptist?
"There was a man sent from God, whose name was John.
The same came for a witness, to bear witness of the Light, that all
men through Him might believe." John 1: 6, 7.
14.What answer did he return when asked concerning his
mission?
"He said, I am the voice of one crying in the wilderness, Make
straight the way of the Lord, as said the prophet Esaias." Verse 23.
 PRESENT TRUTH 89

15. What did Christ say of those who rejected John's

message?
"But the Pharisees and lawyers rejected the counsel of God
against themselves, being not baptized of him." Luke 7: 30.
16. What did those do who were baptized of John?
"And all the people that heard Him, and the publicans,
justified God, being baptized with the baptism of John."
Verse 29.
NOTE.- That is, they honored God by this act, which showed their
faith in His truth for that time.
17. Did God's chosen people receive Christ when He came?
"He came unto His own, and His own received Him not."
John 1: 11.
18. What reason did they give for not receiving Him?
"We know that God spake unto Moses: as for this fellow,
we know not from whence He is." John 9: 29.
Nom.— That was the trouble; they had no faith in anything new.
They knew that God spoke by Moses: it required little faith to believe that.
They felt perfectly safe in accepting him, for everything had demonstrated
that he was sent of God. All could see that. But here was One whom,
although He had come in fulfilment of the prophecies of Moses and
the prophets as their long-looked-for Messiah, they felt there was a
risk in accepting, because they did not understand the prophecies
relating to Him, and time had not worked out to their satisfaction the
truthfulness of His claims. It required too much faith, as against their
desire to walk by sight, to accept Christ. It also called for a change of
views in some things, and a reformation in life. So they rejected Him.
They believed in the flood, faith in which had saved Noah; they believed
in Elijah also, and professed faith in all the prophets; but when it came
to this special truth for their time, they refused to accept it. Thus it
has been m all ages, and thus we may expect it to continue to be to
the end.
19. How did Christ say those who rejected Him reasoned?
"Ye build the tombs of the prophets, and garnish the sepul-
chers of the righteous, and say, If we had been in the days of
our fathers, wt would not have been partakers with them in
the blood of the prophets." Matt. 23: 29, 30.
Nun.— While they condemned the action of their fathers in slaying
the prophets whom God had sent with messages of reproof and warning
applicable to those times, they soon filled up the measure of the iniquity
of their fathers by putting to death the Son of God. This showed that
they would have done as did their fathers had they lived in their day.
Thus we see that present truths are testing truths.
20. What was the result of the Jews' not accepting Christ?
"And when He was come near, He beheld the city, and wept
90 BIBLE READINGS

over it, saying, If thou hadst known, even thou, at least in this
thy day, the things which belong unto thy peace! but now they
are hid from thine eyes." Luke 19: 41, 42. "Behold, your house
is left unto you desolate." Matt. 23: 38.
21. Is there to be a special message for the last days?
"Therefore be ye also ready: for in such an hour as ye
think not the Son of man cometh. Who then is a faithful and
wise servant, whom his Lord hath made ruler over His house-
hold, to give them meat in due season?" Matt. 24: 44, 45.
NOTE.- In the last days a message will go forth which will be "meat
in due season" to the people. This must be the warning concerning the
Lord's soon coining, and the preparation necessary to meet Him. Be-
cause such a message was not always preached, is no evidence that it is
not now to be proclaimed. In his farewell address to the Pilgrim Fathers
on their departure from Holland for America, John Robinson said: "The
Lord knoweth whether I shall ever see your faces more; but whether the
Lord hath appointed that or not, I charge you before God and His blessed
angels to follow me no farther than I have followed Christ. If God should
reveal anything to you by any other instrument of His,. be as ready to
receive it as you ever were to receive any truth by my ministry; for I am
very confident that the Lord hath more truth and light yet to break forth
out of His Holy Word. For my part, I cannot sufficiently bewail the con-
dition of the reformed churches, who are come to a period in religion, and
will go no farther than the instruments of their reformation. The Luther-
ans cannot be drawn to go any farther than what Luther saw. and the
Calvinists, you see, stick fast where they were left by that great
' man of
God, who yet saw not all things. This is a misery much to be lamented;
for though they were burning and shining lights in their time, yet they
penetrated not into the whole counsel of God, but were they now living,
would be as willing to embrace further light as that which they first re-
ceived."

22. What does Christ say of that servant who, when He

comes, is found giving "meat in due season" ?
" Blessed is that servant, whom his Lord when He cometh
shall find so doing." Verse 46.
Nuns.— The coming of Christ in glory has been the hope of the
faithful in all ages.
Luther declared: "I persuade myself verily, that the day of judgment
will not be absent full three hundred years. God will not, cannot, suffer
this wicked world much longer. The great day is drawing near in which
the kingdom of abominations shall be overthrown."
Melanchthon said: "This aged world is not far from its end."
Calvin bade Christians "nvc to hesitate, ardently desiring the day of
Christ's coming as of all events most auspicious;" and declared that "the
whole human family of the faithful will keep in view that day." "We
must hunger after Christ, we must seek, contemplate," he adds, "till the
dawning of that great day, when our Lord will fully manifest the glory of
His kingdom."
Said Knox, the Scotch Reformer: "Has not our Lord Jesus carried
 PRESENT TRUTH 91
up our flesh into heaven? and shall He not return? We know that He shall
return, and that with expedition."
Ridley and Latimer, who laid down their lives for the truth, looked
in faith for the Lord's coming. Ridley wrote: "The world without doubt
— this I do believe, and therefore I say it — draws to an end."
Said Baxter: "The thoughts of the coming of the Lord are most sweet
and joyful to me. It is the work of faith and the character of His saints
to love His appearing, and to look for that blessed hope."
23. What will be the burden of the closing gospel message?
"Fear God, and give glory to Him; for the hour of His
judgment is come: and worship Him that made heaven, and
earth, and the sea, and the fountains of waters. . . . Baby-
lon is fallen, is fallen. . . . If any man worship the beast
and his image, and receive his mark in his forehead, or in his
hand, the same shall drink of the wine of the wrath of God."
Rev. 14:7-10.
24. How are those described who accept this message?
"Here is the patience of the saints: here are they that keep
the commandments of God, and the faith of Jesus." Verse 12.
25. How earnestly is this work to be prosecuted?
"And the lord said unto the servant, Go out into the high-
ways and hedges, and compel them to come in, that my house may
be filled." Luke 14:23.
NOTE.- This work is now going on. In every part of the world the
sound of this closing gospel message is being heard, and the people are
being urged to accept it, and to prepare for Christ's coming and kingdom.
See readings on pages 174-185.

THE OBEDIENCE OF FAITH

1. WHAT did the Lord command Abraham to do?
"Now the Lord had said unto Abram, Get thee out of thy
country, and from thy kindred, and from thy father's house,
unto a land that I will show thee." Gen. 12: 1.
2. How did Abraham respond to this command?
"So Abram departed, as the Lord had spoken unto him; and
Lot went with him: and Abram was seventy and five years old
when he departed out of Haran." Verse 4.
3. Of what was Abraham's obedience the fruit?
"By faith Abraham, when he was called, obeyed to go out
unto, a place which he was to receive for an inheritance; and he
went out, not knowing whither he went." Heb. 11:8, R. V.
92 BIBLE READINGS

4. What command did the Lord later give to Abraham?

"And He said, Take now thy son, thine only son Isaac, whom
thou lovest, and get thee into the land of Moriah; and offer him
there for a burnt offering upon one of the mountains which I will
tell thee of." Gen. 22:2.
5. Upon what ground were the previous promises then re-
newed to Abraham?
"And said, By Myself have I sworn, saith the Lord, for be-
cause thou hast done this thing, and hast not withheld thy son,
thine only son: that in blessing I will bless thee, and in multi-
plying I will multiply thy seed as the stars of the heaven, and
as the sand which is upon the seashore; and thy seed shall
possess the gate of his enemies; and in thy seed shall all the
nations of the world be blessed; because thou halt obeyed My
voice." Verses 16-18.
6. What enabled Abraham to endure the test?
"By faith Abraham, when he was tried, offered up Isaac:
and he that had received the promises offered up his only be-
gotten son." Heb. 11: 17.
7. Of what were the works of Abraham an evidence?
"Was not Abraham our father justified by works, when he
had offered Isaac his son upon the altar?" James 2: 21.
8. By his works what was shown to be perfect?
"Seest thou how faith wrought with his works, and by works
was faith made perfect?" Verse 22.
9. In what statement of the scripture was Abraham's
obedience really implied?
"And the scripture was fulfilled which saith, Abraham be-
lieved God, and it was imputed unto him for righteousness: and
he was called the Friend of God." Verse 23.
10. What kind of faith avails with God?
"For in Jesus Christ neither circumcision availeth anything,
nor uncircumcision; but faith which worketh by love." Gal. 5: 6.
Nom.—The faith which justifies is the faith which works. Those
who say, and do not, are not men of faith. The obedience which is pleasing
to God is the fruit of that faith which takes God at His word, and submits
to the working of His power, being fully assured that what He has promised
He is able also to perform. This is the faith which is reckoned for right-
eousness. See Rom. 4:21, 22.
11. For what purpose is the mystery of the gospel made
manifest?
 THE OBEDIENCE OF FAITH 93
"But now [the mystery] is made manifest, and by the scrip-
tures of the prophets, according to the commandment of the
everlasting God, made known to all nations for the obedience of
faith." Rom. 16:26.
12. For what purpose is the grace of Christ received?
"Through whom we received grace and apostleship, unto
obedience of faith among all the nations, for His name's sake."
Rom. 1: 5, R. V.
13. What example of obedience has Christ set for us?
"And being found in fashion as a man, He humbled Him-
self, and became obedient unto death, even the death of the cross."
Phil. 2: 8.
14. At what cost did even He learn the lesson of obedience?
"Though He were a Son, yet learned He obedience by the
things which He suf fered." Heb. 5: 8.
15. To whom did Christ become the author of salvation?
"And being made perfect, He became the author of eternal
salvation unto all them that obey Him." Verse 9.
16. How complete should this obedience be?
"Casting down imaginations, and every high thing that ex-
alteth itself against the knowledge of God, and bringing into
captivity every thought to the obedience of Christ." 2 Cor. 10: 5.
17. What effect did the preaching of the apostles have upon
the hearers?
"And the word of God increased; and the number of the
disciples multiplied in Jerusalem greatly; and a great company
of the priests were obedient to the faith." Acts 6: 7.
18. What effect did the preaching of the apostle Paul have
upon the Gentiles?
"For I will not dare to speak of any of those things which
Christ hath not wrought by me, to make the Gentiles obedient,
by word and deed." Rom. 15: 18.
19. How highly does God regard obedience?
"And Samuel said, Hath the Lord as great delight in burnt
offerings and sacrifices, as in obeying the voice of the Lord?
Behold, to obey is better than sacrifice, and to harken than the fat of
rams." 1 Sam. 15: 22.
94 BIBLE READINGS

20. With what sins are rebellion and stubbornness classed?

"For rebellion is as the sin of witchcraft, and stubbornness
is as iniquity and idolatry. Because thou hast rejected the word
of the Lord, He hath also rejected thee from being king."
Verse 23.
21. Whose voice had more weight with Saul than had the
commandment of God?
"And Saul said unto Samuel, I have sinned: for I have
transgressed the commandment of the Lord, and thy words:
because I feared the people, and obeyed their voice." Verse 24.
22. What charge did Jesus bring against the Pharisees?
"And He said unto them, Full well ye reject the command-
ment of God, that ye may keep your own tradition." Mark 7: 9.
NoTE.— Human tradition is simply the voice of man preserved in the
church. To follow the traditions of men instead of obeying the command-
ments of God is to repeat the sin of Saul.
23. What will be the fate of those who do not obey the gospel
of Christ?
"And to you who are troubled rest with us, when the Lord
Jesus shall be revealed from heaven with His mighty angels, in
flaming fire taking vengeance on them that know not God, and that
obey not the gospel of our Lord Jesus Christ." 2 Thess. 1: 7, 8.
24. What condition is attained in obeying the truth?
"Seeing ye have purified your souls in obeying the truth
through the Spirit unto unfeigned love of the brethren, see that
ye love one another with a pure heart fervently." 1 Peter 1: 22.
25. What promise is made to the obedient?
"If ye be willing and obedient, ye shall eat the good of the
land." Isa. 1: 19.
26. Whose example are we urged to imitate?
"That ye be not slothful, but followers of them who through
faith and patience inherit the promises." Heb. 6: 12.
 PART IV
Life, Parables, and Miracles of Christ

BIRTH, CHILDHOOD, AND EARLY

LIFE OF CHRIST
1. IN what promise was a Saviour from sin first revealed?
"And the Lord said unto the serpent, . . . I will put
enmity between thee and the woman, and between thy seed and
her seed; it shall bruise thy head, and thou shalt bruise His
heel." Gen. 3: 14, 15.
2. Through whom was a restoration of the lost dominion
promised to Abraham?
"To thee will I give it, and to thy seed forever." Gen. 13: 15.
3. Who was this promised seed?
"He saith not, And to seeds, as of many; but as of one,
And to thy seed, which is Christ." Gal. 3: 16.
4. Where was Christ to be born?
"And . . . he [Herod] demanded of them where Christ
should be born. And they said unto him, In Bethlehem of
Judea." Matt. 2: 4-6. See Micah 5: 2.
5. Of whom was Christ to be born?
"Behold, a virgin shall conceive, and bear a son, and shall
call His name Immanuel." Isa. 7: 14.
NoTE.— Immanuel means " God with us." See Matt. 1:23.
6. Before His birth, what did the angel say to Joseph con-
cerning the naming of the child?
"And she shall bring forth a son, and thou shalt call His name
Jesus: for He shall save His people from their sins." Matt.
1:21.
7. At His birth, what message did the angel bring to the
shepherds abiding in the field?
"And the angel said unto them, Fear not: for, behold, I
[95]
96 BIBLE READINGS
bring you good tidings of great joy, which shall be to all people.
For unto you is born this day in the city of David a Saviour,
which is Christ the Lord." Luke 2: 10, 11.
8. In what song of praise did a host of angels join?
"And suddenly there was with the angel a multitude of the
heavenly host praising God, and saying, Glory to God in the
highest, and on earth peace, good will toward men." Verses 13, 14.
9. What prophecy of Isaiah was fulfilled at Christ's birth?
"For unto us a child is born, unto us a son is given: and the
government shall be upon His shoulder." Isa. 9: 6.
10. What did the prophet say His name should be called?
"And His name shall be called Wonderful, Counselor, The
mighty God, The everlasting Father, The Prince of Peace.
Of the increase of His government and peace there shall be no
end." Verses 6, 7.
11. What did the devout Simeon say when he saw the child
Jesus?
" And when the parents brought in the child Jesus, to do for
Him after the custom of the law, then took he Him up in his
arms, and blessed God, and said, Lord, now lettest Thou Thy
servant depart in peace, according to Thy word: for mine eyes
have seen Thy salvation, which Thou hast prepared before the
face of all people, a light to lighten the Gentiles, and the glory
of Thy people Israel." Luke 2: 27-32.
12. How did the aged prophetess Anna express herself at
the sight of Jesus?
"And she coming in that instant gave thanks likewise unto
the Lord, and spake of Him to all them that looked for redemp-
tion in Jerusalem." Verse 38.
13. What did the wise men of the East do when they had
found Jesus?
"When they were come into the house, they saw the young
child with Mary His mother, and fell down, and worshiped Him:
and when they had opened their treasures, they presented unto
Him gifts; gold, and frankincense, and myrrh." Matt. 2: 11.
14. How came Jesus to live for a time in Egypt?
"And when they were departed, behold, the angel of the
Lord appeared to Joseph in a dream, saying, Arise, and take the
 EARLY LIFE OF CHRIST 97
young child, and His mother, and flee into Egypt, and be thou
there until I bring thee word: for Herod will seek the young child
to destroy Him." Verse 13.
15. How does the revelator describe this satanic desire to
destroy Christ?
"And the dragon stood before the woman which was ready
to be delivered, for to devour her child as soon as it was born."
Rev. 12:4.
16. By what means did Herod seek to destroy Christ?
"Then Herod, when he saw that he was mocked of the wise
i men, was exceeding wroth, and sent forth, and slew all the chil-
dren that were in Bethlehem, and in all the coasts thereof, from two
years old and under." t. at2: 16.
17. After Herod's death, where did Joseph and his family
live?
"And he came and dwelt in a city called Nazareth: that it
might be fulfilled which was spoken by the prophets, He shall
be called a Nazarene." Verse 23.
18. What is said of Christ's childhood and early life?
"And the child grew, and waxed strong in spirit, filled with
wisdom: and the grace of God was upon Him. . . . And He
went down with them, and came to Nazareth, and was subject
unto them." Luke 2: 40-51.
19. Upon returning from a feast at Jerusalem, how came
Joseph and Mary to lose Jesus when He was twelve years old?
"But they, supposing Him to have been in the company, went
a day's journey; and they sought Him among their kinsfolk and
acquaintance. And when they found Him not, they turned
back again to Jerusalem, seeking Him." Verses 44, 45.
NOTE.- This is how many lose Jesus today. They suppose He is
in their company, but do not see to it that He is with them personally.
Through carelessness it takes but a day to lose Him; but, when once lost,
it sometimes takes days of sorrowful searching, as it did Joseph and Mary,
to find Him again.
20. What was Jesus doing when they found Him?
"And it came to pass, that after three days they found Him
in the temple, sitting in the midst of the doctors, both hearing
them, and asking them questions." Verse 46.
21. How did His questions and answers impress those who
heard Him?
7
98 BIBLE READINGS
"And all that heard Him were astonished at His understand-
ing and answers." Verse 47.
22. With what words do the Scriptures conclude the record
of Christ's early life?
"And Jesus increased in wisdom and stature, and in favor
with God and man." Verse 52.
NOTE.- Christ's early life is a pattern for all children and youth. It
was marked by respect and love for His mother. He was obedient to
His parents, and kind to all. He hated sin, and to every temptation turned
a deaf ear. He sought to understand the reason of things, and so increased
in knowledge and wisdom. He was sympathetic and tender-hearted, and
ever ready to relieve the oppressed, the sorrowing, and the suffering. If we
love Christ, we shall love to talk of Him; our sweetest thoughts will be of
Him; and by beholding Him we shall be changed into the same image.
See note on page 63.

CHRIST'S MINISTRY
1. WITH what words had John the Baptist announced
Christ's ministry?
"He that cometh after me is mightier than I, whose shoes I
am not worthy to bear: He shall baptize you with the Holy
Ghost and with fire." Matt. 3: 11.
2. How old was Jesus when He began His ministry?
"And Jesus Himself began to be about thirty years of age."
Luke 3:23.
3. By what act and what miraculous manifestations was His
ministry opened?
"And it came to pass in those days, that Jesus came from
Nazareth of Galilee, and was baptized of John in Jordan. And
straightway coming up out of the water, He saw the heavens
opened, and the Spirit like a dove descending upon Him: and
there came a voice from heaven, saying, Thou art My beloved Son,
in whom I am well pleased." Mark 1: 9-11.
4. Before entering upon His ministry, through what ex-
perience did Jesus pass?
"And immediately the Spirit driveth Him into the wilder-
ness. And He was there in the wilderness forty days, tempted of
Satan; and was with the wild beasts; and the angels ministered
unto Him." Verses 12, 13. See also Matt. 4: 1-11; Luke 4:
1-13.
 CHRIST'S MINISTRY 99
5. With what was Jesus anointed for His work?
"How God anointed Jesus of Nazareth with the Holy Ghost
and with power: who went about doing good, and healing all
that were oppressed of the devil; for God was with Him."
Acts 10: 38.
6. Where did Jesus begin His ministry?
"And Jesus returned in the power of the Spirit into Galilee:
and there went out a fame of Him through all the region round
about. And He taught in their synagogues, being glorified
of all." Luke 4: 14, 15.
7. How did He announce His mission while at Nazareth?
"And He came to Nazareth, where He had been brought up:
and, as His custom was, He went into the synagogue on the
Sabbath day, and stood up for to read. And there was delivered
unto Him the book of the prophet Esaias. And when He had
opened the book, He found the place where it was written, The
Spirit of the Lord is upon Me, because He hath anointed Me to
preach the gospel to the poor; He hath sent Me to heal the
broken-hearted, to preach deliverance to the captives, and recover-
ing of sight to the blind, to set at liberty them that are bruised,
to preach the acceptable year of the Lord. . . . And He began
to say unto them, This day is this scripture fulfilled in your
ears." Verses 16-21.
8. How were the people impressed with His preaching?
"And all bare Him witness, and wondered at the gracious
words which proceeded out of His mouth." Verse 22.
9. Why were the people at Capernaum astonished at His
teaching?
"And [He] came down to Capernaum, a city of Galilee, and
taught them on the Sabbath days. And they were astonished
at His doctrine: for His word was with power." Verses 31, 32.
10. Wherein did His teaching differ from that of the scribes?
"And it came to pass, when Jesus had ended these sayings,
the people were astonished at His doctrine: for He taught them
as one having authority, and not as the scribes." Matt. 7:28, 29.
11. How did the common people receive Christ?
"And the.common people heard Him gladly." Mark 12:37.
12. In His ministry, what work was closely associated with
His preaching?
100 BIBLE READINGS
"And Jesus went about all Galilee, teaching in their syna-
gogues, and preaching the gospel of the kingdom, and healing
all manner of sickness and all manner of disease among the people."
Matt. 4: 23.
Now.— In His ministry, Christ combined plain, practical teaching
with practical, helpful relief work.
13. How extensive was His fame, and how many were at-
tracted to Him?
"And His fame went throughout all Syria: and they brought
unto Him all sick people that were taken with divers diseases
and torments, and those which were possessed with devils, and
those which were lunatic, and those that had the palsy; and He
healed them. And there followed Him great multitudes of peo-
ple from Galilee, and from Decapolis, and from Jerusalem, and
from Judea, and from beyond Jordan." Verses 24, 25.
14. What expression used frequently in narrating His minis-
try shows Christ's deep sympathy with mankind?
"But when He saw the multitude, He was moved with com-
passion on them, because they fainted, and were scattered
abroad, as sheep having no shepherd." "And Jesus went forth,
and saw a great multitude, and was moved with compassion
toward them, and He healed their sick." Matt. 9: 36; 14: 14.
15. In what few words did Christ sum up the object of His
ministry ?
"For the Son of man is come to seek and to save that which
was lost." Luke 19: 10.
16. How did Christ feel over the impenitence of Jerusalem?
"And when He was come near, He beheld the city, and wept
over it." Luke 19:41.
Norn.— In no other place did Christ appear so much a reformer
as in Jerusalem, the headquarters of the Jewish religion, which religion,
though having come from Christ Himself, had degenerated into mere
formalism and a round of ceremony. Both the beginning and the close
of His ministry here were marked by a cleansing of the temple. See
John 2: 13-18 and Matt. 21:12-16.
 CHRIST THE GREAT TEACHER
1. WHAT report did the officers bring who were sent out by
the chief priests and Pharisees to take Jesus?
"Never man spake like this man." John 7:46.
2. How did Christ teach the people?
"He taught them as one having authority, and not as the
scribes." Matt. 7: 29.
NOTE.- "The teaching of the scribes and elders was cold and formal,
like a lesson learned by rote. To them the Word of God possessed no vital
power. Their own ideas and traditions were substituted for its teaching.
In the accustomed round of service they professed to explain the law, but no
inspiration from God stirred their own hearts or the hearts of their hearers."
3. Why was Christ's preaching so impressive?
"For His word was with power." Luke 4:32.
4. With what was He filled?
"And Jesus being full of the Holy Ghost returned from Jor-
dan, and was led by the Spirit into the wilderness." Verse 1.
5. How freely was the Holy Spirit bestowed upon Him?
"For He whom God hath sent speaketh the words of God:
for God giveth not the Spirit by measure unto Him." John 3:34.
6. How had Christ's teaching by parables been foretold?
"I will open My mouth in a parable: I will utter dark say-
ings of old." Ps. 78: 2.
• 7. How was this fulfilled?
"Without a parable spake He not unto them." Matt.
13: 34.
8. What question did Christ's wonderful teaching call forth?
"And when He was come into His own country, He taught
them in their synagogue, insomuch that they were astonished,
and said, Whence hath this man this wisdom, and these mighty
works?" Verse 54.
9. What did Isaiah say Christ would do with the law?
"He will magnify the law, and make it honorable." Isa.
42:21.
10. Because some thought He had come to destroy the
law, what did Christ say?
riot'
102 BIBLE READIAIGS
" Think not that I am come to destroy the law, or the
prophets: I am not come to destroy, but to fulfil. For verily I
say unto you, Till heaven and earth pass, one jot or one tittle
shall in no wise pass from the law, till all be fulfilled. Whoso-
ever therefore shall break one of these least commandments,
and shall teach men so, he shall be called least in the kingdom
of heaven: but whosoever shall da and teach them, the same
shall be called great in the kingdom of heaven. For I say unto
you, That except your righteousness shall exceed the righteous-
ness of the scribes and Pharisees, ye shall in no wise enter into
the kingdom of heaven." Matt. 5: 17-20.
11. What testimony did Nicodemus bear concerning Him?
"Rabbi, we know that Thou art a teacher come from God:
for no man can do these miracles that Thou doest, except God
be with him." John 3: 2.
12. What did Christ's words at Jacob's well lead the woman
of Samaria to ask?
"The woman then left her water-pot, and went her way into
the city, and saith to the men, Come, see a man which told me
all things that ever I did: is not this the Christ?" John 4: 28, 29.
13. How were the two on the way to Emmaus affected by
Christ's conversation with them?
"And they said one to another, Did not our heart burn within
us, while He talked with us by the way, and while He opened to
us the Scriptures?" Luke 24: 32.
14. In His teaching, to what did Christ direct attention?
"And beginning at Moses and all the prophets, He expounded
unto them in all the scriptures the things concerning Him-
self." "And He said unto them, These are the words which
I spake unto you, while I was yet with you, that all things must
be fulfilled, which were written in the law of Moses, and in the
prophets, and in the Psalms, concerning Me. Then opened He
their understanding, that they might understand the Scriptures."
Verses 27, 44, 45.
15. How did He encourage His disciples to look for the ful-
filment of prophecy?
"When ye therefore shall see the abomination of desolation,
spoken of by Daniel the prophet, stand in the holy place, (whoso
readeth, let him understand:) then let them which be in Judea
flee into the mountains." Matt. 24: 15, 16.
NOTE.- Christ was a faithful student, a consistent user, and a per-
fect expounder, of the Scriptures. He met temptation with the Scriptures;
 CHRIST THE GREAT TEACHER 103
He proved His Messiahship by the Scriptures; He taught from the Scrip-
tures; and He told His disciples to look to the Scriptures as their counselor
and guide for the future.

PARABLES OF CHRIST
1. WHAT reference is made in the Psalms to Christ's use of
parables?
"I will open My mouth in a parable: I will utter dark say-
ings of old." Ps. 78: 2.
NOTE.— A parable primarily means a comparison or similitude;
specifically it is a short story or narrative drawn from life or nature, by
means of which some important lesson is taught, or some moral drawn.
2. From what sources did Christ usually draw His parables?
From nature and from every-day experiences.
3. For what are His parables noted?
"Our Saviour's parables are distinguished above all others
for clearness, purity, chasteness, intelligibility, importance of
instruction, and simplicity. They are taken mostly from the
affairs of common life, and are intelligible, therefore, to all men."
— Dr. Albert Barnes, on Matt. 13: 3.
4. Following one of His parables, what did Christ say?
"Who hath ears to hear let him hear." Matt. 13: 9.
5. What question did the disciples then ask?
"And the disciples came, and said unto Him, Why speakest
Thou unto them in parablest" Verse 10.
6. What reply did Christ make?
"He answered and said unto them, Because it is given unto
you to know the mysteries of the kingdom of heaven, but to them it
is not given. For whosoever hath, to him shall be given, and he
shall have more abundance: but whosoever hath not, from him
shall be taken away even that he hath. Therefore speak I to
them in parables: because they seeing see not; and hearing they
hear not, neither do they understand." Verses 11-13.
NOTE.— Christ's object, therefore, in using parables was to teach the
mysteries, or truths, of the kingdom of heaven,— truths not necessarily
difficult to understand, but which had long been hidden or obscured by
sin, apostasy, and tradition,— in such a way that the spiritually minded
and those desirous of learning the truth, might understand them, and the
worldly-minded and unwilling would not. When asked the meaning of
any parable, Christ readily explained it to His disciples. See Luke 8: 9-15;
Matt. 13: 36-43; Mark 4:33, 34.
104 BIBLE READINGS
7. After giving instruction by the use of parables, what
question did Christ ask His disciples?
"Jesus saith unto them, Have ye understood all these things?
They say unto Him, Yea, Lord." Verse 51.
8. How extensively did Christ make use of parables?
"All these things spake Jesus unto the multitude in parables;
and without a parable spake He not unto them." Verse 34.
Now.— Parables are simply stories. All, young and old, like to
hear a story. Story-telling is one of the most successful means of awak-
ening an interest, securing attention, and teaching, illustrating, and
enforcing important truths. Christ, the greatest of all teachers, recog-
nized this, and therefore made constant use of this method of instruction.
See reading on " Preaching the Gospel," page 472.
9. How did Christ suggest that His disciples follow His
example in teaching gospel truth? .
"Then said He unto them, Therefore every scribe which is
instructed unto the kingdom of heaven is like unto a man that
is an householder, which bringeth forth out of his treasure things
new and old." Verse 52.
10. Which are some of the most touching and soul-winning
of Christ's parables?
The parable of the lost sheep, and that of the prodigal son.
Luke 15: 3-7, 11-32.
NoTn.—Each parable is designed to teach some one great and im-
portant truth. The first twelve in the list here given are intended to
teach the following lessons, respectively: (1) Good and evil in life and
judgment. (2) Value of the gospel. (3) Seeking salvation. (4) The vis-
ible church of Christ. (5) Truths new and old. (6) Duty of forgiving
others. (7) Call at various epochs. (8) Insincerity and repentance.
(9) Need of righteousness. (10) Watchful and careful profession. (11)
Use of abilities. (12) Final separation of good and bad.

MIRACLES OF CHRIST
1. WHAT testimony did the chief priests and Pharisees bear
concerning Christ's work?
"Then gathered the chief priests and the Pharisees a council,
and said, What do we? for this man doeth many miracles."
John 11:47.
2. By what did Peter, on the day of Pentecost, say that
Christ had been approved by God?
"Ye men of Israel, hear these words; Jesus of Nazareth,
 MIRACLES OF CHRIST 105

a man approved of God among you by miracles and wonders and

signs, which God did by Him in the midst of you, as ye yourselves
also w."
kno Acts 2:22.
3. By what means did Christ claim to cast out devils?
"But if I with the finger of God cast out devils, no doubt the
kingdom of God is come upon you." Luke 11:20. Matt. 12:
28 says " by the Spirit of God.',
Nom.— Under the third plague in Elgypt,— that of turning the dust
into lice,— the magicians, failing to duplicate it, said to Pharaoh, "This
is the finger of God." Ex. 8: 18, 19.
4. Upon what ground did Nicodemus rest his belief that
Christ was a teacher from God?
"Rabbi, we know that Thou art a teacher come from God:
for no man can do these miracles that Thou doest, except God be
with him." John 3: 2.
5. After the healing of the blind man, upon what charge did
some of the Pharisees seek to prove that Christ was not of God?
"Therefore said some of the Pharisees, This man is not of
God, because He keepeth not the Sabbath day." John 9: 16,
first part.
NOTE.- This was a false charge. Christ did keep the Sabbath, but
not according to the Pharisees' idea of Sabbath-keeping. See reading on
" Christ and the Sabbath," page 319.
6. What question did others raise in opposition to this view?
"Others said, How can a man that is a sinner do such miracles?
And there was a division among them." Same verse, last part.
7. What was the result of Christ's working miracles at His
first Passover?
"Now when He was in Jerusalem at the Passover, in the
feast-day, many believed in His name, when they saw the miracles
which He did." John 2: 23.
8. What question did the performing of these miracles lead
many to ask?
"And many of the people believed on Him, and said, When
Christ cometh, will He do more miracles than these which this man
- hath done?" John 7:31.
9. Why were many attracted to Christ?
"A great multitude followed Him, because they saw His
miracles which He did on them that were diseased." John 6: 2.
106 BIBLE READINGS
Nom— A miracle is the display of divine or superhuman power in
some unusual or extraordinary manner; hence its nature to attract atten-
tion. Christ fed the five thousand with the multiplied loaves and fishes,
and all men wondered. Every day God feeds millions of humanity with
the multiplied fruits of the earth, and no one marvels. Christ, by a
shortened process, changed water into wine, and everybody was aston-
ished; but every year God does this in the usual way through the vine
— in almost limitless quantities, and no one is astonished. A divine mir-
acle, therefore, whenever performed, is wrought to heal and to save, and
to call attention to the source of divine power.
10. What did the people say when they saw these things?
"He hath done all things well: He maketh both the deaf to
hear, and the dumb to speak." Mark 7:37.
11. What kinds of disease and sickness did Jesus cure?
"And Jesus went about all Galilee, teaching in their syna-
gogues, and preaching the gospel of the kingdom, and healing
all manner of sickness and all manner of disease among the people.
"Great multitudes followed Him, and He healed them all."
Matt. 4:23; 12: 15.
12. Who were brought to Him for healing?
"And they brought unto Him all sick people that were taken
with divers diseases and torments, and those which were possessed
with devils, and those which were lunatic, and those that had the
palsy; and He healed them." Matt. 4: 24.
13. To the woman who had been healed by touching His
garment, what did Christ say made her whole?
"Thy faith hath made thee whole." Matt. 9: 22.
14. What did He say to the two blind men as He healed
them?
"According to your faith be it unto you." Verse 29.
15. To another whose sight He had restored, what did
Christ say?
"Thy faith hath saved thee." Luke 18:42.
16. Why did not Christ work many miracles in His own
country?
"And He did not many mighty works there because of their
unbelief." Matt. 13: 58.
17. What lesson did Christ design to teach in healing the
man sick of the palsy?
"But that ye may know that the Son of man hath power upon
 MIRACLES OP' CHRIST 107
earth to forgive sins, (He said unto the sick of the palsy,) I say
unto thee, Arise, and take up thy couch, and go into thine
house." Luke 5: 24.
Now.— By His miracles, therefore, Christ designed to teach faith
in the power of God not only to restore the body, but to heal the soul.
18. What effect did Christ's miracles have upon the in-
dividuals restored, and the people who witnessed them?
"And immediately he received his sight, and followed Him,
glorifying God: and all the people, when they saw it, gave praise
unto God." "And all the people rejoiced for all the glorious
things that were done by Him.' Luke 18:43; 13: 17.
19. What message did Christ send to John the Baptist while
John was in prison, to strengthen his wavering faith?
"Go and show John again those things which ye do hear
and see: The blind receive their sight, and the lame walk, the lepers
are cleansed, and the deaf hear, the dead are raised up, and the
poor have the gospel preached to them. And blessed is he, who-
soever shall not be offended in Me." Matt. 11:4-6.
20. In what miracle did Christ bring to a climax His works
on earth?
"And when He thus had spoken, He cried with a loud voice,
Lazarus, come forth. And he that was -dead came forth, bound
hand and foot with grave-clothes: and his face was bound about
with a napkin. Jesus saith unto them, Loose him, and let him
go." John 11:43, 44.
21. What was the result of this great miracle?
"Then many of the Jews which came to Mary, and had seen
the things which Jesus did, believed on Him." Verse 45.
22, Because of the interest which this miracle created in
Him, what did the Pharisees say?
"Behold, the world is gone after Him." John 12: 19.
23. What did Jesus present to the people as a basis of con-
fidence in Him?
"If I do not the works of My Father, believe Me not. But
if I do, though ye believe not Me, believe the works: that ye may
know, and believe, that the Father is in Me, and I in Him.
"Believe Me that I am in the Father, and the Father in Me: or
else believe Me for the very works' sake." John 10:37, 38; 14: 11.
24. Did Jesus ever make use of ordinary means in perform-
ing His miracles?
108 BIBLE READINGS

"When He had thus spoken, He spat on the ground, and

made clay of the spittle, and He anointed the eyes of the blind
man with the clay, and said unto him, Go, wash in the pool of
Siloam, (which is by interpretation, Sent). He went his way
therefore, and washed, and came seeing." John 9: 6, 7. See
also Mark 7: 33-35; 8: 23-25; 2 Kings 5: 1-14.
25. Why were the miracles of Christ recorded by the inspired
writers?
"And many other signs truly did Jesus in the presence of
His disciples, which are not written in this book: but these are
written, that ye might believe that Jesus is the Christ, the Son of
God; and that believing ye might have life through His name."
John 20:30, 31.

SUFFERINGS OF CHRIST
1. FOR what purpose did Christ come into the world?
"This is a faithful saying, and worthy of all acceptation, that
Christ Jesus came into the world to save sinners; of whom I am
chief." 1 Tim. 1: 15.
2. What constrained God to give His Son to die for man?
"For God so loved the world, that He gave His only begotten
Son, that whosoever believeth in Him should not perish, but
have everlasting life." John 3: 16. See 1 John 4: 9, 10;
Rom. 5: 8.
3. What did the prophet say Christ would be called to
endure?
"He was oppressed, and He was afflicted, yet He opened not
His mouth: He is brought as a lamb to the slaughter, and as a
sheep before her shearers is dumb, so He openeth not His mouth.
He was taken from prison and from judgment: and who shall
declare His generation? for He was cut off out of the land of the
living: for the transgression of My people was He stricken."
Isa. 53: 7, 8.
4. Did Christ know beforehand the treatment He was to
receive?
"Then He took unto Him the twelve, and said unto them,
Behold, we go up to Jerusalem, and all things that are written by
the prophets concerning the Son of man shall be accomplished.
For He shall be delivered unto the Gentiles, and shall be mocked,
and spitefully entreated, and spitted on: and they shall scourge
Him, and put Him to death." Luke 18: 31-33.
 SUFFERINGS OF CHRIST 109
5. How heavy was the burden which rested on His soul on
the night of His betrayal?
"Arid He took with Him Peter and the two sons of Zebedee,
and began to be sorrowful and very heavy. Then saith He unto
them, My soul is exceeding sorrowful, even unto death: tarry ye
here, and watch with Me." Matt. 26: 37, 38.
6. What prayer of Christ shows that the redemption of a
lost world trembled in the balance in that terrible hour?
"And He went a little farther, and fell on His face, and
prayed, saying, 0 my Father, if it be possible, let this cup pass
from Me: nevertheless not as I will, but as Thou wilt." Verse 39.
7. How great was the agony of His soul?
"And being in an agony He prayed more earnestly: and His
sweat was as it were great drops of blood falling down to the
ground." Luke 22: 44.
8. After He had prayed this remarkable prayer three times,
what occurred?
"And while He yet spake, behold a multitude, and he that
was called Judas, one of the twelve, went before them, and drew
near unto Jesus to kiss Him. But Jesus said unto him, Judas,
betrayest thou the Son of man with, a kiss?" Verses 47, 48.
9. To what place was Christ taken?
"Then took they Him, and led Him, and brought Him into
the high priest's house. And Peter followed afar off." Verse 54.
10. While at the high priest's house, how did Peter deny
Him?
"Another confidently affirmed, saying, Of a truth this fellow
also was with Him: for he is a Galilean. And Peter said, Man,
I know not what thou sayest. And immediately, while he yet
spake, the cock crew. And the Lord turned, and looked upon
Peter." Verses 59-61.
11. To what insults was Christ subjected at the house of
the high priest?
"And the men that held Jesus mocked Him, and smote Him.
And when they had blindfolded Him, they struck Him on the face,
and asked Him, saying, Prophesy, who is it that smote Thee?"
Verses 63, 64.
12. Where was Christ next taken?
"And as soon as it was day, the elders of the people and the
chief priests and the scribes came together, and led Him into
their council." Verse 66.
110 BIBLE READINGS

13. What admission did they secure from Him as the basis
of condemning Him?
"Then said they all, Art Thou then the Son of God? And
He said unto them, Ye say that I am. And they said, What need
we any further witness? for we ourselves have heard of His own
mouth." Verses 70, 71.
14. What was the next step in their plan to secure lawful
authority to carry out their unlawful purpose?
"And the whole multitude of them arose, and led Him unto
Pilate." Luke 23: 1.
15. When Pilate desired Christ released, how did they re-
monstrate?
"And they were the more fierce, saying, He stirreth up the
people, teaching throughout all Jewry, beginning from Galilee
to this place." Verse 5.
Nam.— This has ever been a favorite accusation of the enemies of
truth against the work of true reformers. The Romans at this very time
had a law forbidding the teaching of any new religion "whereby the minds
of men may be disturbed."
16. When Pilate heard that Christ was from Galilee, what
did he do?
"And as soon as he knew that He belonged unto Herod's
jurisdiction, he sent Him to Herod, who himself also was at
Jerusalem at that time." Verse 7.
17. Who appeared to accuse Christ before Herod?
"And the chief priests and scribes stood and vehemently
accused Him." Verse 10.
18. To what indignities did Herod subject the Saviour?
"And Herod with his men of war set Him at naught, and
mocked Him, and arrayed Him in a gorgeous robe, and sent Him
again to Pilate." Verse 11.
19. What did Pilate propose to do when Christ was again
brought before him?
"I have found no cause of death in Him: I will therefore
chastise Him, and let Him go." Verse 22.
20. Instead of consenting to His release, what did Christ's
accusers now demand?
"And they were instant [earnest] with loud voices, requiring
 SUFFERINGS OF CHRIST 111
that He might be crucified. And the voices of them and of the
chief priests prevailed." Verse 23.
21. Although Pilate had declared his belief in Christ's inno-
cence, yet what cruel punishment did he inflict upon Him?
"Then Pilate therefore took Jesus, and scourged Him."
John 19: 1.
22. What shameful treatment did Christ receive from the
soldiers?
"And when they had platted a crown of thorns, they put it upon
His head, and a reed in His right hand : and they bowed the knee
before Him, and mocked Him, saying, Hail, King of the Jews!
And they spit upon Him, and took the reed, and smote Him on the
head." Matt. 27: 29, 30.
23. After bringing Him to the place of crucifixion, what
drink was offered Christ to stupefy Him?
"They gave Him vinegar to drink mingled with gall: and when
He had tasted thereof, He would not drink." Verse 34.
24. In what prayer for those who crucified Him did Christ
manifest the true spirit of the gospel,— love for sinners?
"Then said Jesus, Father, forgive them; for they know not what
they do." Luke 23:34.
25. With what words did the chief priests and others mock
Jesus while on the cross?
"Likewise also the chief priests mocking Him, with the
scribes and elders, said, He saved others; Himself He cannot save.
If He be the King of Israel, let Him now come down from the
cross, and we will believe Him." Matt. 27: 41, 42.
NOTE.- In their blindness they could not see that Christ could not
save others and save Himself at the same time.
26. As He cried out in agony on the cross, and said, "I
thirst," what was given Him?
"And straightway one of them ran, and took a sponge, and
filled it with vinegar, and put it on a reed, and gave Him to drink."
Verse 48. See John 19: 28, 29.
27. What closed this terrible scene?
"When Jesus therefore had received the vinegar, He said,
It is finished: and He bowed His head, and gave up the ghost."
John 19: 30.
28. By what miracle, and phenomenon in nature did God in-
dicate the character of the deed which was being committed?
112 BIBLE READINGS
"And it was about the sixth hour [noon], and there was a
darkness over all the earth until the ninth hour. And the sun was
darkened, and the veil of the temple was rent in the midst." Luke
23:44, 45.
29. What divine purpose was wrought out in the sufferings
of Christ?
"For it became Him, for whom are all things, and by whom
are all things, in bringing many sons unto glory, to make the
Captain of their salvation perfect through sufferings." Heb. 2: 10.
30. For whom did Christ suffer all these things?
"He was wounded for our transgressions, He was bruised for
our iniquities: the chastisement of our peace was upon Him; and
with His stripes we are healed." Isa. 53: 5.
31. How much was included in the gift of Christ for the
salvation of man?
"He that spared not His own Son, but delivered Him up for
us all, how shall He not with Him also freely give us all things?"
Rom. 8:32.

THE RESURRECTION OF CHRIST

1. IN what psalm was the resurrection of Christ foretold?
"For Thou wilt not leave My soul in hell [Heb., Sheol, the
grave]: neither wilt Thou suffer Thine Holy One to see corrup-
tion." Ps. 16: 10.
2. In what way was Jonah a type of Christ?
"For as Jonas was three days and three nights in the whale's
belly; so shall the Son of man be three days and three nights in
the heart of the earth." Matt. 12: 40.
3. In what plain words did Christ foretell His resurrection?
"From that time forth began Jesus to show unto His dis-
ciples, how that He must go unto Jerusalem, and suffer many
things of the elders and chief priests and scribes, and be killed,
and be raised again the third day." Matt. 16: 21. "And while
they abode in Galilee, Jesus said unto them, The Son of man
shall be betrayed into the hands of men: and they shall kill
Him, and the third day He shall be raised again." Matt. 17:
22, 23. "The Son of man must suffer many things, and be re-
jected of the elders and chief priests and scribes, and be slain,
and be raised the third day." Luke 9: 22. See also Matt. 20:
17-19; Mark 8: 31; 9:31, 32; 10: 32-34; Luke 18: 31-34.
 THE RESURRECTION OF CHRIST 113
4. When. asked by the Jews for a sign of His Messiahship,
what did Jesus say?
"Jesus answered and said unto them, Destroy this temple,
and in three days I will raise it up." John 2: 19.
5. To what temple did He refer?
"Then said the Jews, Forty and six years was this temple
in building, and wilt Thou rear it up in three days? But He
spake of the temple of His body." Verses 20, 21.
6. After His resurrection, what effect had this prediction
upon His disciples?
"When therefore He was risen from the dead, His disciples
remembered that He had said this unto them; and they believed
the scripture, and the word which Jesus had said." Verse 22.
7. How did the chief priests and Pharisees seek to prevent
the fulfilment of Christ's words concerning His resurrection?
"Now the next day, that followed the day of the prepara-
tion, the chief priests and Pharisees came together unto Pilate,
saying, Sir, we remember that that deceiver said, while He was
yet alive, After three days I will rise again. Command there-
fore that the sepulcher be made sure until the third day, lest His
disciples come by night, and steal Him away, and say unto the
people, He is risen from the dead: so the last error shall be worse
than the first." Matt. 27: 62-64.
8. How did Pilate comply with their request?
"Pilate said unto them, Ye have a watch: go your way,
make it as sure as ye can. So they went, and made the sepulcher
sure, sealing the stone, and setting a watch." Verses 65, 66.
9. How futile was all this?
"In the end of the Sabbath, as it began to dawn toward the
first day of the week, came Mary Magdalene and the other
Mary to see the sepulcher. And, behold, there was a great
earthquake: for the angel of the Lord descended from heaven,
and came and rolled back the stone from the door, and sat upon
it. His countenance was like lightning, and his raiment white
as snow: and for fear of him the keepers did shake, and became
as dead men. And the angel answered and said unto the women,
Fear not ye: for I know that ye seek Jesus, which was crucified.
He is not here: for He is risen, as He said. Come, see the place
where the Lord lay. And go quickly, and tell His disciples that
He is risen from the dead." Matt. 28: 1-7. See also Mark 16:
1-16; Luke 24: 1-8, 44-46; John 20: 1-9.
8
114 BIBLE READINGS

10. Was it possible for Christ to be holden of death?

"Him, being delivered by the determinate counsel and fore-
knowledge of God, ye have taken, and by wicked hands have
crucified and slain: whom God hath raised up, having loosed
the pains of death: because it was not possible that He should be
holden of it." Acts 2: 23, 24.
11. How does Paul speak of the resurrection of Christ?
"For I delivered unto you first of all that which I also re-
ceived, how that Christ died for our sins according to the Scrip-
tures; and that He was buried, and that He rose again the third
day according to the Scriptures." 1 Cor. 15: 3, 4.
12. Who does the apostle say saw Christ after He was risen?
"He was seen of Cephas, then of the twelve: after that, He
was seen of above five hundred brethren at once; . . . after
that, He was seen of James; then of all the apostles. And last
of all He was seen of me also, as of one born out of due time."
Verses 5-8.
13. What importance is attached to Christ's resurrection?
"If Christ be not risen, then is our preaching vain, and your
faith is also vain. . . . Ye are yet in your sins. Then they also
which are fallen asleep in Christ are perished." Verses 14-18.
14. What positive assurance of the resurrection is given?
"But now is Christ risen from the dead, and become the first-
fruits of them that slept." Verse 20.
15. What great truth therefore follows? •
"As in Adam all die, even so in Christ shall all be made
alive." Verse 22.
16. What cheering message has Christ sent to His people
touching His resurrection?
"I am He that liveth, and was dead; and, behold, I am alive
forevermore, Amen; and have the keys of hell and of death." Rev.
1: 18.
17. What is the measure of the power of God which believers
may experience in their daily lives?
"That ye may know . . . the exceeding greatness of
His power to us ward who believe, according to the working of
His mighty power, which He wrought in Christ, when He raised
Him from the dead." Eph. 1: 18-20.
18. What Christian ordinance has been given as a memorial
of Chsist's burial and resurrection?
Baptism, the symbol of the new birth. Rom. 6: 3-5.
 A SINLESS LIFE
1. WHAT testimony is borne concerning Christ's life on
earth?
"Who did no sin, neither was guile found in His mouth."
1 Peter 2:22.
2. What is true of all other members of the human family?
For all have sinned, and come short of the glory of God."
Rom. 3: 23.
3. With what question did Christ challenge His enemies?
"Which of you convinceth Me of sin?" John 8:46.
4. To what extent was Christ tempted?
"[He] was in all points tempted like as we are, yet without
sin." Heb. 4: 15.
5. In His humanity, of what nature did Christ partake?
"Forasmuch then as the children are partakers of flesh and
blood, He also Himself likewise took part of the same; that through
death He might destroy him that had the power of death, that
is, the devil." Heb. 2: 14.
6. How fully did Christ share our common humanity?
"Wherefore in all things it behooved Him to be made like unto
His brethren, that He might be a merciful and faithful high
priest in things pertaining to God, to make reconciliation for
the sins of the people." Verse 17.
NOTE.— In His humanity Christ partook of our sinful, fallen nature_
Ifnot, then He was not "made like unto His brethren," was not "in all
points tempted like as we are," did not overcome as we have to overcome,
and is not, therefore, the complete and perfect Saviour man needs and must
have to be saved. The idea that Christ was born of an immaculate or
sinless mother, inherited no tendencies to sin, and for this reason did not
sin, removes Him from the realm of a fallen world, and from the very place
where help is needed. On His human side, Christ inherited just what every
child of Adam inherits,— a sinful nature. On the divine side, from HIE
very conception He was begotten and born of the Spirit. And all this was
done to place mankind on vantage-ground, and to demonstrate that in the
same way every one who is "born of the Spirit" may gain like victories
over sin in his own sinful flesh. Thus each one is to overcome as Christ
overcame. Rev. 3:21. Without this birth there can be no victory over
temptation, and no salvation from sin. John 3:3-7.
7. Where did God, in Christ, condemn sin, and gain the
victory for us over temptation and sin?
"For what the law could not do, in that it was weak through
the flesh, God sending His own Son in the likeness of sinful
flesh, and for sin, condemned sin, in the flesh.'-", Rom. 8: 3.
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NOTE.— God, in Christ, condemned sin, not by pronouncing against
it merely as a judge sitting on the judgment-seat, but by coming and living
in the flesh, in sinful flesh, and yet without sinning. In Christ, He demon-
strated that 'it is possible, by His grace and power, to resist temptation,
overcome sin, and live a sinless life in. sinful flesh.
8. By whose power did Christ live the perfect life?
"I can of Mine own self do nothing." John 5:30. "The
words that I speak unto you I speak not of Myself: but the
Father that dwelleth in Me, He doeth the works." John 14: 10.
NOTE.— In His humanity Christ was as dependent upon divine power
to do the works of God as is any man to do the same thing. He employed
no means to live a holy life that are not available to every human being.
Through Him, every one may have God dwelling in him and working in
him "to will and to do of His good pleasure." 1 John 4: 15; Phil. 2 : 13.
9. What unselfish purpose did Jesus ever have before Him?
"For I came down from heaven, not to do Mine own will, but
the will of Him that sent Me." John 6: 38.

OUR PATTERN
1. IN whose steps should we follow?
"For even hereunto were ye called: because Christ also
suffered for us, leaving us an example, that ye should follow His
steps." 1 Peter 2: 21.
2. How should the Christian walk?
"He that saith he abideth in Him ought himself also so to
walk, even as He walked." 1 John 2: 6. See Col. 2: 6.
3. What mind should be in us?
"Let this mind be in you, which was also in Christ Jesus."
Phil. 2: 5.
NOTE.— The mind of Christ was characterized by humility (verses
6-8); dependence upon God (John 5: 19, 30); a determination to do only
the Father's will (John 5:30; 6: 38); thoughtfulness of others (Acts 10: 38) ;
and a willingness to sacrifice and suffer, and even to die, for the good of
others (2 Cor. 8: 9; Rom. 5:6-8; 1 Peter 2 : 24).
4. As a child, what example did Christ set in the matter of
obeying His parents?
"And He went clown with them, and came to Nazareth, and
was subject unto them." Luke 2: 51.
5. How are His childhood and youth described?
"And Jesus increased in wisdom and stature, and in favor
with God and man." Verse 52.
6. What example did He set concerning baptism?
 OUR PATTERN 117
"Then cometh Jesus from Galilee to Jordan unto. John, to
be baptized of him. But John forbade Him, saying, I have need
to be baptized of Thee, and comest Thou to me? And Jesus
answering said unto him, Suffer it to be so now: for thus it be-
cometh us to fulfil all righteousness. Then he suffered Him."
Matt. 3: 13-15.
7. How did Christ teach the prayerful life?
"He went out into a mountain to pray, and continued all
night in prayer to God." Luke 6: 12. "He took Peter and
John and James, and went up into a mountain to pray." Luke
9:28.
8. To what kind of work did Jesus devote His life?
"Who went about doing good." Acts 10: 38.
9. For whom and why did Christ leave the riches of heaven?
"For ye know the grace of our Lord Jesus Christ, that,
though He was rich, yet for your sakes He became poor, that ye
through His poverty might be rich." 2 Cor. 8: 9.
10.. When reviled and mistreated, what did He do?
"Who when He was reviled, reviled not again; when He
suffered, He threatened not; but committed Himself to Him that
judgeth righteously." 1 Peter 2: 23.
11. How did He pray for those who crucified Him?
"Then said Jesus, Father, forgive them; for they know not
what they do." Luke 23: 34. See Acts 3: 17.
12. What is the inspired testimony concerning Him?
"Thou hast loved righteousness, and hated iniquity; therefore
God, even Thy God, hath anointed Thee with the oil of gladness
above Thy fellows." Heb. 1: 9.

OUR HELPER AND FRIEND

1. THROUGH Christ, what has been opened to the house of
David?
"In that day there shall be a fountain opened to the house
of David and to the inhabitants of Jerusalem for sin and for,
uncleanness." Zech. 13: 1.
2. Who has borne our sins, and stands ready to help us?
"I that speak in righteousness, mighty to save." Isa. 63:
1, last part.
118 BIBLE READINGS
3. For what purpose did Christ come to this world?
"For the Son of man is come to seek and to save that which
was lost." Luke 19: 10.
4. Through what was Christ made a complete and perfect
Saviour?
"For it became Him, for whom are all things, and by whom
are all things, in bringing many sons unto glory, to make the
Captain of their salvation perfect through sufferings." Heb.
2:10.
5. Because of this, what is Christ able to do?
"For in that He Himself hath suffered being tempted, He
is able to succor them that are tempted." Verse 18.
6. How complete a Saviour is He?
"Wherefore He is able also to save them to the uttermost that
come unto God by Him, seeing He ever liveth to make inter-
cession for them."Heb. 7: 25.
7. From what is He able to keep us?
"Now unto Him that is able to keep you from falling, and to
present you faultless before the presence of His glory with ex-
ceeding joy, to the only wise God our Saviour, be glory and
majesty, dominion and power, both now and ever. Amen."
Jude 24, 25.
8. What does He call those who accept Him?
"Henceforth I call you not servants; . I have called
you friends." John 15: 15.
9. What kind of friend is He?
"There is a friend that sticketh closer than a brother." Prov.
18:24.
10. What is the mark of a true friend?
"A friend loveth at all times, and a brother is born for ad-
versity." Prov. 17: 17.
 PART V
The Holy Spirit

THE HOLY SPIRIT AND HIS WORK

1. WHAT precious promise did Jesus make to His disciples
shortly before His crucifixion?
"I will pray the Father, and He shall give you another Com-
forter, that He may abide with you forever." John 14: 16.
2. Who is the Comforter, and what was He to do?
"But the Comforter, even the Holy Spirit, whom the Father
will send in My name, He shall teach you all things, and bring
to your remembrance all that I said unto you." Verse 26, R. V.
3. Why cannot the world receive Him?
"Even the Spirit of truth; whom the world cannot receive,
because it seeth Him not, neither knoweth Him." Verse 17.
4. How intimate is His union with believers?
"But ye know Him; for He dwelleth with you, and shall be
in you." Same verse.
5. Whose presence does the Holy Spirit bring to the be-
lievers?
"I will not leave you comfortless: I will come to you."
Verse 18.
6. What promise is thus fulfilled?
"Lo, I am with you alway, even unto the end of the world."
Matt. 28: 20. See also John 14: 21-23.
7. What threefold union is thus established?
"At that day ye shall know that I am in My Father, and
ye in Me, and I in you." Verse 20.
NOTE.- Rom. 8: 9 shows the Spirit of each of the three persons of the
Godhead to be one and the same Spirit.
8. How does Jesus, through the Spirit, seek an entrance
to every heart?
"Behold, I stand at the door, and knock: if any man hear My
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voice, and open the door, I will come in to him, and will sup with
him, and he with Me." Rev. 3: 20.
9. Why was it necessary for Christ to go away?
"Nevertheless I tell you the truth; It is expedient for you
that I go away: for if I go not away, the Comforter will not come
unto you; but if I depart, I will send Him unto you." John
16:7.
10. What was the Comforter to do when He came?
"And when He is come, He will reprove [margin, convince]
the world of sin, and of righteousness, and of judgment." Verse 8.
11. By what other title is the Comforter designated?
"But when the Comforter is come, whom I will send unto
you from the Father, even the Spirit of truth, which proceedeth
from the Father, He shall testify of Me." John 15: 26.
12. What did Jesus say the Spirit of truth would do?
"Howbeit when He the Spirit of truth, is come, He will
guide you into all truth: 'for He shall not speak of Himself; but
whatsoever He shall hear, that shall He speak: and He will
show you things to come." John 16: 13.
NOTE.- The Spirit speaks (1 Tim. 4: 1); teaches (1 Cor. 2: 3); bears
witness (Rom. 8:16); makes intercession (Rom. 8:26); distributes the gifts
(1 Cor. 12:11); and invites the sinner (Rev. 22:17).
13. Whom did Christ say the Holy Spirit would glorify?
"He shall glorify Me: for He shall receive of Mine, and shall
show it unto you." Verse 14.
NOTE.- It is plain from these scriptures that the holy Spirit is the
personal representative of Christ upon the earth, abiding in the church by
dwelling in the hearts of the believers. It follows that any attempt to
make a man the vicegerent of Christ in the place of the third person of the
Godhead is an attempt to put man in the place of God. Thus does the
fundamental principle of the Papacy set aside the person and work of the
Holy Spirit.
14. How has God revealed to us the hidden things of the
kingdom?
"But God hath revealed them unto us by His Spirit: 'for
the Spirit searcheth all things, yea, the deep things of God."
1 Cor. 2: 10.
15. Who moved upon the prophets to give their messages?
"For the prophecy came not in old time by the will of man:
but holy men of God spake as they were moved by the Holy
Ghost." 2 Peter 1: 21.
 THE HOLY SPIRIT AND HIS WORK 121
16. After Pentecost, how was the gospel preached?
"With the Holy Ghost sent down from heaven." 1 Peter
1: 12.
17. How are believers sealed?
"In whom also after that ye believed, ye were sealed with
that Holy Spirit of promise." Eph. 1: 13.
18.What warning is therefore given?
"Grieve not the Holy Spirit of God, whereby ye are sealed
unto the day of redemption." Eph. 4: 30.
19. Is there a limit to the strivings of God's Spirit?
"And the Lord said, My Spirit shall not always strive with
man." Gen. 6: 3.
NOTE.- The limit is determined by the creature rather than by the
Creator. It is when there is an utter abandonment to evil, and further
appeals would be without avail. God foreknowing all things, may desig-
nate a definite period of probation for man, as in the case of the one hundred
and twenty years before the flood (Gen. 6: 3); but His Spirit never ceases to
strive with man as long as there is hope of his salvation.
20. For what did David pray?
"Cast me not away from Thy presence; and take not Thy
Holy Spirit from me." Ps. 51: 11.
21. HOW willing is God to give to us the Holy Spirit?
" If ye then, being evil, know how to give good gifts unto
your children: how much more shall your Heavenly Father
give the Holy Spirit to them that ask Him?" Luke 11:13.

FRUIT OF THE SPIRIT

1. WHAT is the fruit of the Spirit?
"The fruit of the Spirit is love, joy, peace, long-suffering, gen-
tleness, goodness, faith; meekness, temperance." Gal. 5:22, 23.
2. What are the works of the flesh?
"Now the works of the flesh are manifest, which are these;
Adultery, fornication, uncleanness, lasciviousness, idolatry,
witchcraft, hatred, variance, emulations, wrath, strife, seditious,
heresies, envyings, murders, drunkenness, revelings, and such
like." Verses 19-21.
Norm— The evils here mentioned are a close parallel to the lists found
in Matt. 15: 18, 19; Mark 7: 20-23;,Rom. 1: 29-31; and 2 Tim. 3: 1-5.
3. How may the works of the flesh be avoided?
122 BIBLE READINGS
"Walk in the Spirit, and ye shall not fulfil the lust of the
flesh." Gal. 5: 16.
4. By what is the love of God shed abroad in the heart?
"The love of God is shed abroad in our hearts by the Holy
Ghost which is given unto us." Rom. 5: 5.
5. What is love declared to be?
"And above all these things put on love, which is the bond of
perfectness." Col. 3: 14, R. V.
6. By what does genuine faith work?
"For in Jesus Christ neither circumcision availeth anything,
nor uncircumcision; but faith which worketh by love." Gal. 5: 6.
7. What does love do?
"Hatred stirreth up strifes: but love covereth all sins." Prov.
10: 12. "Have fervent charity among yourselves: for charity
shall cover the multitude of sins." 1 Peter 4: 8.
8. Of what does the kingdom of God consist?
"For the kingdom of God is not meat and drink; but right-
eousness, and peace, and joy in the Holy Ghost." Rom. 14: 17.
NOTE.- It is the Christian's privilege to have righteousness, peace,
and joy,— a righteousness which is of God by faith (Rom. 3:21, 22); a
peace that passeth understanding (Phil. 4: 7), which the world can neither
give nor take away; and a joy that rejoices evermore (1 Thess. 5: 16;
Phil. 4: 4).
9. In what way does love manifest itself?
"Love suffereth long, and is kind; love envieth not; love
vaunteth not itself, is not puffed up, cloth not behave itself un-
seemly, seeketh not its own, is not provoked, taketh not account
of evil." 1 Cor. 13:4, 5, R. V.
10. What does God's gentleness do for us?
"Thy gentleness hath made me great." Ps. 18: 35.
11. What spirit should we show toward others?
"And the servant of the Lord must not strive; but be gentle
unto all men." 2 Tim. 2: 24.
12. What does the goodness of God do?
"Or despisest thou the riches of His goodness and forbear-
ance and long-suffering; not knowing that the goodness of God
leadeth thee to repentance ?" Rom. 2: 4.
13. How should we treat those who have wronged us?
 FRUIT OF THE SPIRIT 123
"Dearly beloved, avenge not yourselves, but rather give place
unto wrath: for it is written, Vengeance is Mine; I will repay,
saith the Lord. Therefore if thine enemy hunger, feed him;
if he thirst, give him drink: for in so doing thou shalt heap coals of
fire on his head." Rom. 12: 19, 20.
14. How does faith determine our standing with God?
"But without faith it is impossible to please Him: for he that
cometh to God must believe that He is, and that He is a rewarder
of them that diligently seek Him." Heb. 11: 6.
15. How does God regard the meek and quiet spirit?
"Whose adorning . . . let it be the hidden man of the
heart, . . . even the ornament of a meek and quiet spirit, which
is in the sight of God of great price." 1 Peter 3: 3, 4.
16. In our Christian growth and experience, what is to ac-
company faith, courage, and knowledge?
"Add to your faith virtue [courage]; and to virtue knowledge;
and to knowledge temperance." 2 Peter 1: 5, 6.
NOTE.— One of the briefest and best definitions of temperance is
self-control. The word in the text means much more than mere abstinence
from intoxicating drinks,— the limited sense now frequently given to it. It
means control, strength, power, or ascendency over exciting and evil
passions of all kinds. It denotes the self-rule which the overcomer or
converted man has over the evil propensities of his nature. Commenting
on this passage, Dr. Albert Barnes says: "The influences of the Holy
Spirit on the heart make a man moderate in all indulgences; teach him to
restrain his passions, and to govern himself."
17. How highly is he commended who controls his spirit?
"He that is slow to anger is better than the mighty; and he
that ruleth his spirit than he that taketh a city." Prov. 16: 32.
18. What is said of all these different virtues?
"Against such there is no law." Gal. 5: 23, last clause.
NOTE.— The law condemns sin. But all these things, being virtues,
are in harmony with the law. They are produced by the Spirit; and the
law, which is spiritual, cannot, therefore, condemn them.
19. From what condemnation does Spirit-leading save us?
"But if ye be led of the Spirit, ye are not under the law."
Verse 18.
20. To what unity are Christians exhorted?
"Endeavoring to keep the imity of the Spirit in_ the bond of
peace." Eph. 4; 3.,
 GIFTS OF THE SPIRIT
1. CONCERNING what subject ought we to be informed?
"Now concerning spiritual gifts, brethren, I would not have
you ignorant." 1 Cor. 12: 1.
2. When Christ ascended, what did He give to men?
"Wherefore He saith, When He ascended on high, He led
captivity captive [margin, a multitude of captives], and gave
gifts unto men." Eph. 4: 8.
3. What were these gifts that Christ gave to men?
"And He gave some, apostles; and some, prophets; and some,
evangelists; and some, pastors and teachers." Verse 11.
4. How are these gifts elsewhere spoken of?
"And God hath set some in the church, first apostles, sec-
ondarily prophets, thirdly teachers, after that miracles, then
gifts of healings, helps, governments, diversities of tongues." 1
Cor. 12: 28.
5. For what purpose were these gifts bestowed upon the
church?
"For the perfecting of the saints, for the work of the ministry,
for the edifying of the body of Christ: . . . that we henceforth
be no more children, tossed to and fro, and carried about with
every wind of doctrine, by the sleight of men, and cunning
craftiness, whereby they lie in wait to deceive; but speaking
the truth in love, may grow up into Him in all things, which is
the head, even Christ" Eph. 4: 12-15.
6. What result is to be obtained by the exercise of the gifts
in the church?
"Till we all come in [margin, into] the unity of the faith, and
of the knowledge of the Son of God, unto a perfect man, unto the
measure of the stature of the fulness of Christ." Verse 13.
7. How is unity preserved in the diversities of gifts?
"Now there are diversities of gifts, but the same Spirit."
1 Cor. 12:4.
8. For what purpose is the manifestation of this one Spirit
given?
"But the manifestation of the Spirit is given to every man
to profit withal. For to one is given by the Spirit the word of
wisdom; to another the word of knowledge by the same Spirit;
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 GIFTS OF THE SPIRIT 125
to another faith by the same Spirit; to another the gifts of heal-
ing by the same Spirit; to another the working of miracles; to
another prophecy; to another discerning of spirits; to another
divers kinds of tongues; to another the interpretation of tongues."
Verses 7-10.
9. Who controls the distribution of the gifts of the Spirit?
"But all these worketh that one and the selfsame Spirit,
dividing to every man severally as He will." Verse 11.
10. Was it God's design that all should possess the same
gifts?
"Are all apostles? are all prophets? are all teachers? are all
workers of miracles? have all the gifts of healing? do all speak
with tongues? do all interpret?" Verses 29, 30.
11. Were the gifts of the Spirit to continue forever?
"Whether there be prophecies, they shall be done away;
whether there be tongues, they shall cease; whether there be
knowledge, it shall be done away." 1 Cor. 13:8, R. V.
12. When will the gifts of the Spirit be no longer needed?
"When that which is perfect is come, then that which is in
part shall be done away." Verse 10.

THE GIFT OF PROPHECY

1. How did God communicate with man in Eden?
"And the Lord God called unto Adam, and said unto him,
Where art thou?" Gen. 3: 9.
2. Since the fall, by what means has God generally made
known His will to man?
"I have also spoken by the prophets, and I have multiplied
visions, and used similitudes, by the ministry of the prophets."
Hosea 12: 10.
3. What things belong to God, and what to us?
"The secret things belong unto the Lord our God; but those
things which are revealed belong unto us and to our children for-
ever." Deut. 29: 29.
4. How fully and to whom does God reveal His purposes?
"Surely the Lord God will do nothing, but He revealeth His
secret unto His servants the prophets." Amos 3: 7.
126 BIBLE READINGS
5i Can the wise men of the world foretell the future?
"Daniel answered before the king, and said, The secret
which the king hath demanded can neither wise men, enchant-
ers, magicians, nor soothsayers, show unto the king." Dan. 2:
27, R. V. See notes on page 133.
6. Who did Daniel say could reveal secrets?
"But there is a God in heaven that revealeth secrets, and maketh
known to the king Nebuchadnezzar what shall be in the latter
days." Verse 28.
7. How did the prophet Daniel acknowledge the insufficiency
of human wisdom?
"As for me, this secret is not revealed to me for any wisdom
that I have more than any living, but for their sakes that shall
make known the interpretation to the king, and that thou
mightest know the thoughts of thy heart." Verse 30.
8. After revealing and interpreting the dream, what did
Daniel say?
"The great God bath made known to the king what shall
come to pass hereafter." Verse 45.
9. How does God show His foreknowledge?,
"Behold, the former things are come to pass, and new things
do I declare: before they spring forth I tell you of them." Isa.
42:9.
10. How does the Lord reveal Himself to His prophets?
"If there be a prophet among you, I the Lord will make My-
self known unto him in a vision, and will speak unto him in a
dream." Num. 12: 6.
11. Under what influence did the prophets of old speak?
"For the prophecy came not in old time by the will of man:
but holy men of God spake as they were moved by the Holy
Ghost." 2 Peter 1:21. See 2 Sam. 23:2.
12. How are both the origin of prophecy and the means of
communicating it still further shown?
"The revelation of Jesus Christ, which God gave unto Him,
to show unto His servants things which must shortly come to
pass; and He sent and signified it by His angel unto His servant
John." Rev. 1: 1.
13. What angel revealed to Daniel his visions and dreams?
 THE GIFT OF PROPHECY 127
"Whiles I was speaking in prayer, even the man Gabriel,
whom I had seen in the vision at the beginning, being caused to
fly swiftly, touched me about the time of the evening oblation.
And he informed me, and talked with me, and said, 0 Daniel, I
am now come forth to give thee skill and understanding."
Dan. 9:21, 22. See also chapter 10, and Rev. 22:9, 10.
14. What Spirit was in the prophets inditing their utter-
ances?
"Of which salvation the prophets have inquired and searched
diligently, who prophesied of the grace that should come unto
you: searching what, or what manner of time the Spirit of Christ
which was in them did signify, when it testified beforehand the
sufferings of Christ, and the glory that should follow." 1 Peter
1:10, 11.
15. How were the Lord's words to the prophets preserved?
"Daniel bad a dream and visions of his head upon his bed:
then he wrote the dream, and told the sum of the matters." Dan.
7: 1. See Jer. 51: 60; Rev. 1: 10, 11.
16. By whom has God spoken to us in these last days?
"God, who at sundry times and in divers manners spake in
time past unto the fathers by the prophets, hath in these last
days spoken unto us by His Son." Heb. 1: 1, 2.
17. What was one of the offices to be filled by the Messiah?
"The Lord thy God will raise up unto thee a Prophet from
the midst of thee, of thy brethren, like unto me; unto Him ye
shall harken." Deut. 18: 15.
18. What was foretold through the prophet Joel?
"And it shall come to pass afterward, that I will pour out
My Spirit upon all flesh; and your sons and your daughters shall
prophesy, your old men shall dream dreams, your young men shall
see visions." Joel 2: 28.
19. When did this prediction begin to be fulfilled?
"But this is that which was spoken by the prophet Joel;
And it shall come to pass in the last days, saith God, I will pour
out of My, Spirit upon all flesh: and your sons and your daugh-
ters shall prophesy, and your young men shall see visions, and
your old men shall dream dreams." Acts 2: 16, 17.
20. What were some of the gifts Christ gave to His church?
"When He ascended up on high, He led captivity captive,
128 BIBLE READINGS
and gave gifts unto men. . . . And He gave some, apostles;
and some, prophets; and some, evangelists; and some, pastors and
teachers." Eph. 4: 8-11.
21. By what means did God deliver and preserve Israel?
"By a prophet the Lord brought Israel out of Egypt, and
by a prophet was he preserved." Hosea 12: 13.
22. When Moses complained of his slowness of speech, what
did God say Aaron should be to him?
"And he shall be thy spokesman unto the people: and he
shall be, even he shall be to thee instead of a mouth, and thou
shalt be to him instead of God." Ex. 4: 16.
23. What did God afterward call Aaron?
"And the Lord said unto Moses, See, I have made thee a
god to Pharaoh: and Aaron thy brother shall be thy prophet."
Ex. 7: 1.
24. What is one test by which to detect false prophets?
" When a prophet speaketh in the name of the Lord, if the
thing follow not, nor come to pass, that is the thing which the Lord
hath not spoken, but the prophet hath spoken it presumptu-
ously: thou shalt not be afraid of him." Deut. 18: 22.
25. What other test should be applied in determining the
validity of the claims of a prophet?
"If there arise among you a prophet, or a dreamer of dreams,
and giveth thee a sign or a wonder, and the sign or the wonder
come to pass, whereof he spake unto thee, saying, Let us go after
other gods, which thou hast not known, and let us serve them;
thou shalt not harken unto the words f that prophet, or that
dreamer of dreams: for the Lord your God proveth you, to know
whether, ye love the Lord your God with all your heart and with
all your soul. Ye shall walk after the Lord your God, and fear
Him, and keep His commandments, and obey His voice, and ye
shall serve Him, and cleave unto Him." Deut. 13: 14.
Novs.— From these scriptures it will be seen that, in the first place,
if a prophet's words do not prove to be true, it is evidence that God has not
sent that prophet. On the other hand, even though the thing predicted
comes to pass, if the pretended prophet seeks to lead others to break God's
commandments, this, regardless of all signs, should be positive evidence
that he is not a true prophet.
26. What rule did Christ give for distinguishing between
true and false prophets?
"By their fruits ye shall know them." Matt. 7: 20.
 THE GIFT OF PROPHECY 129
27. What general rule is laid down for testing all prophets?
"To the law and to the testimony: if they speak not according
to this word, it is because there is no light in them." Isa. 8: 20.
28. How did. God's prophets anciently use the words of for-
mer prophets in exhorting the people to obedience?
"Should ye not hear the words which the Lord hath cried by the
former prophets, when Jerusalem was inhabited and in pros-
perity?" Zech. 7: 7.
29. What is the promised result of believing God's prophets?
"Believe in the Lord your God, so shall ye be established;
believe His prophets, so shall ye prosper." 2 Chron. 20: 20.
30. What admonition is given regarding the gift of prophecy?
"Despise not prophesyings. Prove all things; hold fast that
which is good." 1 Thess. 5: 20, 21.
31. What will characterize the last, or remnant, church?
"And the dragon was wroth with the woman, and went to
make war with the remnant of her seed, which keep the command-
ments of God, and have the testimony of Jesus Christ." Rev.
12: 17.
32. What is the "testimony of Jesus" ?
"The testimony of Jesus is the spirit of prophecy." Rev.
19: 10. See Rev. 1: 9.
33. What results when this gift is absent?
"Where there is no vision, the people perish: but he that
keepeth the law, happy is he." Prov. 29: 18. See also Ps.
74: 9.
THE OUTPOURING OF THE SPIRIT
1. FOR what did Christ, just before His ascension, tell His
disciples to wait?
"And, behold, I send the promise of My Father upon you:
but tarry ye in the city of Jerusalem, until ye be endued with
power from on high." Luke 24: 49.
2. With what did He say they would be baptized?
"Ye shall be baptized with the Holy Ghost not many days
hence." • Acts 1: 5.
Noarn.— John the Baptist had foretold this baptism. He said: "I
indeed baptize you with water unto repentance: but He that cometh after
9
130 BIBLE READINGS
me is mightier than I, whose shoes I am not worthy to bear: He shall bap-
tize you with the Holy Ghost, and with fire." Matt. 3: 11.
3. For what work was this baptism to prepare them?
"But ye shall receive power, after that the Holy Ghost is
come upon you: and ye shall be witnesses unto Me both in Jeru-
salem, and in all Judea, and in Samaria„ and unto the uttermost
part of the earth." Acts 1: 8.
4. What were some of the results of the preaching of the
gospel under the outpouring of the Spirit?
"Now when they heard this, they were pricked in their heart,
and said . . . Men and brethren, what shall we do?
Then Peter said unto them, Repent, and be baptized every one
of you in the name of Jesus Christ for the remission of sins, and
ye shall receive the gift of the Holy Ghost. . . . Then they
that gladly received his word were baptized: and the same day
there were added unto them about three thousand souls." Acts
2: 37-41. "And by the hands of the apostles were many signs
and wonders wrought among the people; . . . and be-
lievers were the more added to the Lord, multitudes both of men and
women." Acts 5: 12-14. "And the word of God increased;
and the number of the disciples multiplied in Jerusalem greatly;
and a great company of the priests were obedient to the faith."
Acts 6: 7.
5. How did persecution affect the preaching of the gospel?
"And at that time there was a great persecution against the
church which was at Jerusalem; and they were all scattered
abroad throughout the regions of Judea and Samaria, except the
apostles. . . . Therefore they that were scattered abroad went
everywhere preaching the word." Acts 8: 1-4.
NOTE.- "Persecution has only had a tendency to extend and estab-
lish the faith which it was designed to destroy. . . . There is no lesson
which men have been so slow to learn as that to ?ppose and persecute men
is the very way to confirm them in their opinions, and to spread their
doctrines."— Dr. Albert Barnes, on Acts 4: 4-
6. What words of Peter seem to indicate another outpour-
ing of the Spirit?
"Repent ye therefore, and be converted, that your sins may
be blotted out, when the times of refreshing shall come from the
presence of the Lord." Acts 3: 19.
7. What event does he speak of as immediately following
these times of refreshing?
" 4nd He shall send Jesus Christ, which before was preached
 THE OUTPOURING OF THE SPIRIT 131
unto you: whom the heaven must receive [Syriac, retain] until
the times of restitution of all things, which God hath spoken
by the mouth of all His holy prophets since the world began."
Verses 20, 21.
Nam.— From this it seems evident that we may look for another
outpouring of the Spirit for a final proclamation of the gospel to all the
world just before Christ's second advent and the restitution of all things.
8. What prophecy was fulfilled in the Pentecostal outpour-
ing of the Spirit in the time of the apostles?
"But Peter, standing up with the eleven, lifted up his voice,
and said, . . . These are not drunken, as ye suppose,
. . . but this is that which was spoken by the prophet Joel;
And it shall come to pass in the last days, saith God, I will pour
out My Spirit upon all flesh: and your sons and your daughters
shall prophesy, and your young men shall see visions, and your
old men shall dream dreams: and on My servants and on My
handmaidens I will pour out in those days of My Spirit, and they
shall prophesy." Acts 2: 14-18. See Joel 2: 28, 29.
9. What expressions in the prophecy of Joel seem to imply
a double fulfilment of this outpouring of the Spirit?
"Be glad then, ye children of Zion, and rejoice in the Lord
your God: for He hath given you the former rain moderately,
and He will cause to come down for you the rain, the former
rain, and the latter rain in the first month." Joel 2: 23. See
also Hosea 6: 3.
NOTE.- In Palestine the early rains prepare the soil for the seed
sowing, and the latter rains ripen the grain for the harvest. So the early
outpouring of the Spirit prepared the world for the extensive sowing of the
gospel seed, and the final outpouring will come to ripen the golden grain
for the harvest of the earth, which Christ says is "the end of the world."
Matt. 13:37-39; Rev. 14: 14, 15.
10. For what are we told to pray at this time?
"Ask ye of the Lord rain in the time of the latter rain; so the
Lord shall make bright clouds, and give them showers of rain,
to every one grass in the field." Zech. 10: 1.
NomE.— Before the apostles received the baptism of the Spirit in the
early rain on the day of Pentecost, they all "continued with one accord in
prayer and supplication." Acts 1: 14. During this time they confessed
their faults, put away their differences, ceased their selfish ambitions and
contentions for place and power, so that when the time for the outpouring
came, "they were all with one accord in one place," ready for its reception.
To be prepared for the final outpouring of the Spirit, all sin and selfish
ambition must again be put away, and a like work of grace wrought upon
the hearts of God's people.
11. How is the closing work of the gospel under the out-
pouring of the Spirit described by the revelator?
132 BIBLE READINGS
"After these things I saw another angel come down from
heaven, having great power; and the earth was lightened with
his glory." Rev. 18: 1.
12. What does this angel say?
"And he cried mightily with a strong voice, saying, Babylon
the great is fallen, is fallen, and is become the habitation of devils,
and the hold of every foul spirit, and a cage of every unclean and
hateful bird." Verse 2.
NOTE.— The religious world will then be in much the same condition
as was the Jewish nation after it had rejected Christ at His first advent.
See 2 Tim. 3:1-5.
13. What did Peter on the day of Pentecost tell his hearers
to do?
"And with many other words did he testify and exhort,
saying, Save yourselves from this untoward generation." Acts
2:40.
14. What similar call and appeal will be made under the
final outpouring of the Spirit?
"And I heard another voice from heaven, saying, Come out
of her, My people, that ye be not partakers of her sins, and that
ye receive not of her plagues. For her sins have reached unto
heaven, and God hath remembered her iniquities." Rev. 18:
4, 5.
Novas.— A great work will be accomplished in a short time under
the final outpouring of the Spirit. Many voices all over the earth will
sound the warning cry. Signs and wonders will be wrought by the be-
lievers, and, as at Pentecost, thousands will be converted in a day.
Those who fail to heed this final gospel call, like the unbelieving
Jews, will be doomed to destruction. The seven last plagues will over-
take them, as war, famine, death, and destruction overtook the Jews, who,
ist, failed to heed His call to flee, and shut themselves
not believing in Chr
up in Jerusalem to their doom. Those who heed the call, and separate
themselves from sin and from sinners, will be saved.

COME, Holy Spirit, heavenly Dove,

With all thy quickening powers,
Kindle a flame of sacred love
In these cold hearts of ours.
 PART VI
The Sure Word of Prophecy
PROPHECY, WHY GIVEN
1. WHY were the Sacred Writings given?
"For whatsoever things were written aforetime were written
for our learning, that we through patience and comfort of the Scrip-
tures might have hope." Rom. 15:4.
2. By what means is all scripture given?
"All scripture is given by inspiration of God." 2 Tim. 3:
16, first part.
3. For what is it profitable?
"And is profitable for doctrine, for reproof, for correction,
for instruction in righteousness." Same verse, last part.
4. How was the prophecy given?
"For the prophecy came not in old time by the will of man:
but holy men of God spake as they were moved by the Holy Ghost."
2 Peter 1: 21.
5. What is the Lord able to do regarding the future?
"Behold, the former things are come to pass, and new things
do I declare: before they spring forth I tell you of them." Isa.
42: 9.
•
6. How far-reaching is God's ability to reveal the future?
"Remember the former things of old: for I am God, . . .
and there is none like Me, declaring the end from the beginning,
and from ancient times the things that are not yet done." Isa.
46:9, 10.
Novas.— In contrast with this, note the following confession of a noted
modern historian as to man's inability to reveal the future:—
"History has yet made so slight progress toward the scientific basis
that she is able to foretell nothing that is to be hereafter. As to the future,
she is stone-blind. There is not a philosopher in the world who can fore-
cast the historical evolution to the extent of a single day. The historian
is as completely dumb before the problems of 1895 as a charlatan weather-
prophet ought to be with respect to the meteorological conditions of the
next season. The year will come and go. It will fulfil its purpose in the
great calendar of man-life. Its events and issues will be evolved with
scientific exactitude out of antecedent conditions. But no man living can
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134 BIBLE READINGS
predict what the aspect and event will be. The tallest son of the morning
can neither foretell nor foresee the nature of what is to come in the year
that already stands knocking at the door."— John Clark Ridpath, in
Christian at Work, Dec. 27, 1894.
Knowing all things, the future is present with God. More, perhaps,
than any other one thing, the prophecies of the Bible and their fulfilment
bear witness to its divine inspiration.
7. To whom does God reveal the secrets of the future?
"Surely the Lord God will do nothing, but He revealeth
His secret unto His servants the prophets." Amos 3: 7.
8. To whom do the things which have been revealed belong?
"The secret things belong unto the Lord our God: but those
things which are revealed belong unto us and to our childret
forever." Deut. 29: 29.
9. What testimony did the apostle Peter bear concerning
his experience on the mount of transfiguration?
"For we have not followed cunningly devised fables, when we
made known unto you the power and coming of our Lord Jesus
Christ, but were eye-witnesses of His majesty." 2 Peter 1: 16.
10. When did he say he saw the majesty of Christ, and
heard the voice from heaven?
"And this voice which came from heaven we heard, when
we were with Him in the holy mount." Verse 18.
11. How does he emphasize the reliability of prophecy?
"And we have the word of prophecy made more sure."
Verse 19, R.V. " Now more confirmed." Boothroyd's translation.
NOTE.-Every fulfilment of prophecy is a confirmation of the truth-
fulness and reliability of prophecy.
12. What admonition is therefore given?
" Whereunto ye do well that ye take heed, as unto a lamp
shining in a dark place, until the day dawn, and the day-star
arise in your hearts." Verse 19, last part, R. V.
13. What has ever been the theme of God's prophets?
"Receiving the end of your faith, even the salvation of your
souls. Of which salvation the prophets have inquired and
searched diligently, who prophesied of the grace that should
come unto you." 1 Peter 1: 9, 10.
14. Whose spirit inspired their utterances?
"Searching what, or what manner of time the Spirit of Christ
 PROPHECY, WHY GIVEN , 135
which was in them did signify, when it testified beforehand the
sufferings of Christ, and the glory that should follow." Verse 11.
15. In what prophecy did Christ recognize Daniel as a
prophet?
"When ye therefore shall see the abomination of desolation,
spoken of by Daniel the prophet, stand in the holy place (whoso
readeth, let him understand)." Matt. 24: 15.
16. To what time were the prophecies of Daniel, as a whole,
to be sealed?
"But thou, 0 Daniel, shut up the words, and seal the book,
even to the time of the end: many shall run to and fro, and knowl-
edge shall be increased." Dan. 12: 4.
17. What assurance was given by the angel that these
prophecies would be understood in the last days?
"And he said, Go thy way, Daniel: for the words are closed
up and sealed till the time of the end. Many shall be purified,
and made white, and tried; but the wicked shall do wickedly:
and none of the wicked shall understand; but the wise shall
understand." Verses 9, 10.
18. What is the last book of the Bible called?
"The Revelation of Jesus Christ, which God gave unto Him."
Rev. 1: 1.
19. What is said of those who read, hear, and keep the
things contained in this book?
"Blessed is he that readeth, and they that hear the words of
this prophecy, and keep those things which are written therein."
Verse 3.

NEBUCHADNEZZAR'S DREAM
(The Great Image of Daniel 2)
OR THE KINGDOMS OF THE WORLD AND THE KINGDOM OF GOD

1. WHAT statement did Nebuchadnezzar, king of Babylon,

make to his wise men whom he had assembled ?
"And the king said unto them, I have dreamed a dream, and
my spirit was troubled to know the dream." Dan. 2: 3.
2. After being threatened with death if they did not make
known the dream and the interpretation, what did the wise men
say to the king?
136 BIBLE READINGS

"The Chaldeans answered before the king, and said, There is

not a man upon the earth that can show the king's matter: there-
fore there is no king, lord, nor ruler, that asked such things at
any magician, or astrologer, or Chaldean. And it is a rare
thing that the king requireth, and there is none other that can
show it before the king, except the gods, whose dwelling is not with
flesh." Verses 10, 11.
3. After the wise men had thus confessed their inability to
do what the king required, who offered to interpret the dream?
"Then Daniel went in, and desired of the king that he would
give him time, and that he would show the king the interpre-
tation." Verse 16.
4. After Daniel and his fellows had sought God earnestly,
how were the dream and its interpretation revealed to Daniel?
"Then was the secret revealed unto Daniel in a night-
vi3ion. Then Daniel blessed the God of heaven." Verse 19.
5. When brought before the king, what did Daniel say?
"Daniel answered in the presence of the king, and said,
The secret which the king hath demanded cannot the wise men,
the astrologers, the magicians, the soothsayers, show unto the
king; but there is a God in heaven that revealeth secrets, and maketh
known to the king Nebuchadnezzar what shall be in the latter
days., Thy dream, and the visions of thy head upon thy bed,
are these." Verses 27, 28.
6. What did Daniel say the king had seen in his dream?
"Thy dream, and the visions of thy head upon thy bed, are
these; . . . Thou, 0 king, sawest, and behold a great image.
This great image, whose brightness was excellent, stood before
thee; and the form thereof was terrible." Verses 28-31.
7. Of what were the different parts of the image composed?
"This image's head was of fine gold, his breast and his arms
of silver, his belly and his thighs of brass, his legs of iron, his
feet part of iron and part of clay." Verses 32, 33.
8. By what means was the image broken to pieces?
"Thou sawest till that a stone was cut out without hands,
which smote the image upon his feet that were of iron and clay,
and brake them to pieces." Verse 34.
9. What became of the various parts of the image?
`Then was the iron, the clay, the brass, the silver, and the
 NEBUCHADNEZZAR'S DREAM 137
gold, broken to pieces together, and became like the chaff of the
summer threshing-floors; and the wind carried them away, that
no place was found for them: and the stone that smote the image
became a great mountain, and filled the whole earth." Verse 35.
10. With what words did Daniel begin the interpretation
of the dream?
"Thou, 0 king, art a king of kings: for the God of heaven
hath given thee a kingdom, power, and strength, and glory.
And wheresoever the children of men dwell, the beasts of the
field and the fowls of the heaven hath He given into thine hand,
and hath made thee ruler over them all. Thou art this head of
gold." Verses 37, 38.
Nora.— The character of the Babylonian Empire is fittingly indicated
by the nature of the material composing that portion of the image by which
it was symbolized — the head of gold. It was "the golden kingdom of a
golden age." The city of Babylon, its metropolis, according to history
towered to a height never equaled by any of its later rivals. "Situated
in the garden of the East; laid out in a perfect square sixty miles in circum-
ference, fifteen miles on each side, surrounded by a wall three hundred and
fifty feet high and eighty-seven feet thick, with a moat, or ditch, around
this, of equal cubic capacity with the wall itself; divided into six hundred
and seventy-six squares, laid out in luxuriant pleasure-grounds and gar-
dens, interspersed with magnificent dwellings,— this city, containing in
itself many things which were themselves wonders of the world, was itself
another and still mightier wonder. . . . Such was Babylon, with
Nebuchadnezzar, youthful, bold, vigorous, and accomplished, seated upon
its throne."
11. What was to be the nature of the next kingdom after
Babylon?
"After thee shall arise another kingdom inferior to thee."
Verse 39, first part.
12. Who was the last Babylonian king?
"In that night was Belshazzar the king of the Chaldeans
slain. And Darius the Median took the kingdom, being about
threescore and two years old." Dan. 5: 30, 31. See also verses
1, 2.
13. To whom was Belshazzar's kingdom given?
"Thy kingdom is divided, and given to the Medes and
Persians." Verse 28.
14. By what is the Medo-Persian Empire represented in the
great image?
The breast and arms of silver. Dan. 2:32.
15. By what is Grecia, the kingdom succeeding Medo-
Persia, represented in the image?
138 BIBLE READINGS

"His belly and his thighs of brass." Verse 32. "And an-
other third kingdom of brass, which shall bear rule over all the
earth." Verse 39.
16. What is said of the fourth kingdom?
"And the fourth kingdom shall be strong as iron: forasmuch
as iron breaketh in pieces and subdueth all things: and as iron
that breaketh all these, shall it break in pieces and bruise."
Verse 40.
17. What scripture shows that the Roman emperors ruled
the world?
"And it came to pass in those days, that there went out a
decree from Ccesar Augustus, that all the world should be taxed."
Luke 2: 1.
NOTE.- Describing the Roman conquests, Gibbon uses the very
imagery employed in the vision of Daniel 2. He says: "The arms of the
republic, sometimes vanquished in battle, always victorious in war, ad-
vanced with rapid steps to the Euphrates, the Danube, the Rhine, and the
ocean; and the images of gold, or silver, or brass, that might serve to rep-
resent the nations and their kings, were successively broken by the iron
monarchy of Rome."—"Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire," chap. 38,
par. 1, under "General Observations," at the close of the chapter.
18. What was indicated by the mixture of clay and iron in
the feet and toes of the image?
"And whereas thou sawest the feet and toes, part of potters'
clay, and part of iron, the kingdom shall be divided." Dan. 2: 41.
19. In what prophetic language was the varying strength of
the ten kingdoms of the divided empire indicated?
"And as the toes of the feet were part of iron, and part of
clay, so the kingdom shall be partly strong, and partly broken
[margin, brittle]." Verse 42.
20. Were any efforts to be made to reunite the divided em-
pire of Rome?
"And whereas thou sawest iron mixed with miry clay, they
shall mingle themselves with the seed of men: but 'they shall not
cleave .one to another, even as iron is not mixed with clay."
Verse 43.
NOTES.- Charlemagne, Charles V, Louis XIV, and Napoleon all
tried to reunite the broken fragments of the Roman Empire, but failed.
By marriage and intermarriage ties have been formed with a view to
strengthening and cementing together the shattered kingdom; but none
have succeeded. The element of disunion remains. Many political
revolutions and territorial changes have occurred in Europe since the fall
of the Roman Empire in 476 A. n.; but its divided state still remains.
This remarkable dream, as interpreted by Daniel, presents in the
 NEBUCHADNEZZAR'S DREAM 139
briefest form, and yet with unmistakable clearness, the course of world
empires from the time of Nebuchadnezzar to the close of earthly history
and the setting up of the everlasting kingdom of God. The history con-
firms the prophecy. The sovereignty of the world was held by Babylon
from the time of this dream, B. c. 603, until B. c. 538, when it passed to
the Medes and Persians. The victory of the Grecian forces at the battle
of Arbela, in B. c. 331, marked the downfall of the Medo-Persian Empire,
and the Greeks then became the undisputed rulers of the world. The
battle of Pydna, in Macedonia, in B. c. 168, was the last organized effort
to withstand a world-wide conquest by the Romans, and at that time
therefore the sovereignty passed from the Greeks to the Romans,.and the
fourth kingdom was fully established. The division of Rome into ten
kingdoms is definitely foretold in the vision recorded in the seventh chap-
ter of Daniel, and occurred between the years 351 A. D. and 476 A. D.
21. What is to take place in the days of these kingdoms?
"And in the days of these kings shall the God of heaven set
up a kingdom, which shall never be destroyed: . . . but it
shall break in pieces and consume all these kingdoms, and it
shall stand forever." Verse 44.
NOTE.-- This verse foretells the establishment of another universal
kingdom, the kingdom of God. This kingdom is to overthrow and sup-
plant all existing earthly kingdoms, and is to stand forever. The time
for the setting up of this kingdom was to be "in the days of these kings."
This cannot refer to the four preceding empires, or kingdoms; for they
were not contemporaneous, but successive; neither can it refer to an estab-
lishment of the kingdom at Christ's first advent, for the ten kingdoms which
arose out of the ruins of the Roman Empire were not yet in existence.
It must therefore be yet future.
22. In what announcement in the New Testament is the
establishment of the kingdom of God made known?
"And the seventh angel sounded; and there were great
voices in heaven, saying, The kingdoms of this world are become
the kingdoms of our Lord, and of His Christ; and He shall reign
forever and ever." Rev. 11: 15.
23. For what have we been taught to pray?
"Thy kingdom come. Thy will be done in earth, as it is in
heaven." Matt. 6: 10.
24. What event is closely associated with the establishment
of God's everlasting kingdom?
"I charge thee therefore before God, and the Lord Jesus
Christ, who shall judge the quick and the dead at His appear-
ing and His kingdom." 2 Tim. 4: 1.
25. With'what prayer do the Scriptures close?
"He that testifieth these things saith, Surely I come quickly.
Amen. Even so, come, Lord Jesus." Rev. 22: 20.
 THE GOSPEL OF THE KINGDOM
1. WHAT gospel did Jesus preach?
"And Jesus went about all Galilee, teaching in their syna-
gogues, and preaching the gospel of the kingdom." Matt. 4: 23.
2. How extensively did He say this should be preached?
"And this gospel of the kingdom shall be preached in all the
world for a witness unto all nations; and then shall the end
come." Matt. 24: 14.
3. What shows that it has always been God's purpose that
all the world should hear the gospel?
"Now the Lord had said unto Abram, Get thee out of thy
country, and from thy kindred, and from thy father's house,
unto a land that I will show thee: and I will make of thee a great
nation, and I will bless thee, and make thy name great; and thou
shalt be a blessing: and in thee shall all families of the earth be
blessed." Gen. 12: 1-3. "And the Scripture, foreseeing that
God would justify the heathen through faith, preached before the
gospel unto Abraham, saying, In thee shall all nations be
blessed." Gal. 3: 8.
4. How did God warn Israel against formalism?
"Forasmuch as this people draw near Me with their mouth,
and with their lips do honor Me, but have removed their heart
far from Me, and their fear toward Me is taught by the pre-
cept of men: therefore, behold, I will proceed to do a marvelous
work among this people: . . . for the wisdom of their wise
men shall perish, and the understanding of their prudent men
shall be hid." Isa. 29: 13, 14.
5. What shows that they had substituted the ritual service
of the temple for heart service?
"Thus saith the Lord, . . . Amend your ways and
your doings, and I will cause you to dwell in this place. Trust
ye not in lying words, saying, The temple of the Lord, The temple
of the Lord, The temple of the Lord, are these." Jer. 7: 3, 4.
6. What national disaster did they bring upon themselves
by their apostasy from God?
"So all Israel were reckoned by genealogies; and, ,behold,
they were written in the book of the kings of Israel and Judah,
who were carried away to Babylon for their tranegression." 1
Chron. 9: 1.
NOTE.- From the earliest times it has been God's purpose that those
who receive the gospel should make it known to others. For this purpose
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 THE GOSPEL OF THE KINGDOM 141
He chose a special people and established them. in Palestine, in the high-
way of the nations; but they shut up the revelation of the truth to them-
selves, and so lost it. A few, like Daniel and his companions, maintained
a personal connection with God, although surrounded by spiritual declen-
sion and dry formalism, and so were chosen by God to carry out His plan
that the gospel of the kingdom should be preached in Babylon. They were
tested and trained in Babylon, as shown m the first chapter of Daniel, and
then, being ready to make known the gospel, the way providentially opened
for them by the dream of Nebuchadnezzar.
7. In interpreting Nebuchadnezzar's dream, what kingdom
did Daniel say would follow the four world empires?
"And in the days of these kings shall the God of heaven set
up a kingdom, which shall never be destroyed." Dan. 2:44.
8. What was this kingdom to do to the other kingdoms?
"The kingdom shall not be left to other people, but it shall
break in pieces and consume all these kingdoms. Same verse.
9. How long is this kingdom to continue?
"And it shall stand forever." Same verse, last clause.
10. What words of Christ imply the gospel's final triumph?
"And I say also unto thee, That thou art Peter, and upon
this rock I will build My' church; and the gates of hell shall not
prevail against it." Matt. 16: 18.
NOTE.- Anciently the gates to cities were places for holding courts,
transacting business, and deliberating on public matters. The word gates,
therefore, is used for counsels, designs, machinations, and evil purposes.
The gates of hell mean the plottings, stratagems, and, designs of Satan to
overthrow the church. But none of these are to prevail.
11. What promises to David will thus be fulfilled?
"Thine house and thy kingdom shall be established forever:
. . thy throne shall be established forever." 2 Sam. 7: 16.
Now.— By uniting His divinity with humanity in becoming the Son
of David, Christ laid the foundation upon which He built His church, and
thus established the house of David forever. The kingdom of God, the
house of David, and the church of Christ are so inseparably connected in
this prophecy that the establishment of either involves the establishment
of the other two.
12. Through whom are these promises to be fulfilled?
"He shall be great, and shall be called the Son of the Highest:
and the Lord God shall give unto Him the throne of His father
David: and He shall reign over the house of Jacob forever; and
of His kingdom there shall be no end." Luke 1: 32, 33.
13. In order to fulfil these promises, whose son did the Son
of God become?
142 BIBLE READINGS
"The son of David." Matt. 22: 42.
14. What is this union of divinity and humanity called?
"And without controversy great is the mystery of godliness:
God was manifest in the flesh, justified in the Spirit, seen of
angels, preached unto the Gentiles, believed on in the world,
received up into glory." 1 Tim. 3: 16.
15. What did Jesus call this same mystery?
"And He said unto them, Unto you it is given to know the
mystery of the kingdom of God: but unto them that are without,
all these things are done in parables." Mark 4: 11.
16. In what confession did the wise men of Babylon deny
any knowledge of this essential doctrine of Christianity?
"And it is a rare thing that the king requireth, and there is
none other that can show it before the king, except the gods,
'whose dwelling is not with flesh." Dan. 2: 11.
Nam.-- The union of the divine and human in the person of Christ
is "the mystery of godliness," or "the mystery of the kingdom of God."
In the case of the seed which is sown in the field, this same principle is
illustrated by the union of the reproducing power with the material form.
As the seed is thus capable of multiplying itself, so Christ reproduces His
own character in believers, by making them partakers of the divine nature.
At His coming He bestows upon the subjects of the kingdom the gift of
immortality (1 Cor. 15: 51-53), and so the kingdom will stand forever.
It is quite likely that the wise men of Babylon did not understand about
the incarnation of God in the flesh in the coming Messiah, but in their
statement that the dwelling of the gods was not with flesh they announced
the fundamental error of Babylon, both ancient and modern, and really
denied the vital principle of Christianity. This was the essential secret,
or mystery, of the kingdom of God, which needed to be known in Babylon,
and which is still to be proclaimed throughout the world.
17. Concerning what did Daniel and his companions pray?
"Then Daniel went to his house, and made the thing known
to Hananiah, Mishael, and Azariah, his companions: that they
would desire mercies of the God of heaven concerning this secret."
Verses 17, 18.
18. What would have been the result of failure on their
part to obtain a knowledge of this mystery?
"That Daniel and his fellows should not perish with the rest
of the wise men of Babylon." Verse 18, last part.
19. How was the secret concerning the king's dream re-
vealed, and thus the mystery of the kingdom of God made
known in Babylon?
"Then was the secret revealed unto Daniel in a night-
vision. Then Daniel blessed the God of heaven." Verse 19.
 THE GOSPEL OF THE KINGDOM 143
Nam.— The most vital truth of the gospel of the kingdom of God was
denied in the religion of Babylon. This made it necessary that this very
truth should be preached in Babylon. This mystery of the kingdom of
God was the real and essential secret which the wise men of Babylon could
not make known to the king, and which could be learned only by reve-
lation. This is the mystery which "from the beginning of the world hath
been hid in God" (Eph. 3: 9); and the "riches of the glory of this mystery"
is "Christ in you, the hope of glory" (Col. 1:27), or "the mystery of the
gospel" (Eph. 6: 19).
20. How did Nebuchadnezzar acknowledge God as the re-
vealer, and thus Daniel's intimate fellowship with Him?
"The king answered unto Daniel, and said, Of a truth it is,
that your God is a God of gods, and a Lord of kings, and a revealer
of secrets, seeing thou =iciest reveal this secret." Verse 47.
- 21. When the gospel of the kingdom has been fully preached,
and Christ appears as King, what invitation will be extended
to those who have learned "the mystery of the kingdom "?
"When the Son of man shall come in His glory, and all the
holy angels with Him, then shall He sit upon the throne of His
glory: and before Him shall be gathered all nations. . . .
Then shall the King say unto them on His right hand, Come,
ye blessed of My Father, inherit the kingdom prepdred for you
from the foundation of the world." Matt. 25: 31-34.

FOUR GREAT MONARCHIES

1. AT what time was Daniel's second vision given?
"In the first year of Belshazzar king of Babylon Daniel had a
dream and visions of his head upon his bed: then he wrote the
dream, and told the sum of the matters." Dan. 7: 1.
Nun.— That is, in the first year of Belshazzar's office as associate
king with his fatherN
abonadius, or 540 B. c.
2. What effect did this dream have upon Daniel?
"I Daniel was grieved in my spirit in the midst of my body,
and the visions of my head troubled me." Verse 15.
Nan.— The effect of Daniel's dream upon him, it will be noticed,
was similar to the effect of Nebuchadnezzar's dreams upon him; it troubled
him. See Dan. 2: 1.
3. What did Daniel ask of one of the heavenly attendants
who stood by him in his dream?
"I came near unto one of them that stood by, and asked him
the truth of all this. So he told me, and made me know the in-
terpretation of the things." Verse 16.
144 BIBLE READINGS

4. What did the prophet see in this vision?

"Daniel spake and said, I saw in my vision by night, and,
behold, the four winds of the heaven strove upon the great sea."
Verse 2.
5. What was the result of this strife?
"And four great beasts came up from the sea, diverse one from
another." Verse 3.
6. What did these four beasts represent?
"These great beasts, which are four, are four kings, which
shall arise out of the earth." Verse 17.
NOTE.-- The word kings here, as in Dan. 2:44, denotes kingdoms, as
explained in verses 23 and 24 of the seventh chapter, the two words being
used interchangeably in this prophecy.
7. In symbolic language, what is represented by winds?
Strife, war, commotion. See Jer. 25:31-33; 49: 36, 37.
Nom.— That winds denote strife and war is evident from the vision
itself. As a result of the striving of the winds, kingdoms rise and fall.
8. What, in prophecy, is symbolized by waters?
"And he saith unto me, The waters which thou sawest
. . . are peoples, and multitudes, and nations, and tongues."
Rev. 17: 15.
Now.— In the second chapter of Daniel, under the figure of an image
of man, the mere political outline of the rise and fall of earthly kingdoms is
given, preceding the setting up of God's everlasting kingdom. In the
seventh chapter, earthly governments are represented as viewed in the
light of Heaven,— under the symbols of wild and ferocious beasts,— the
last, in particular, oppressing and persecuting the saints of the Most High.
Hence the change in the symbols used to represent these kingdoms.
9. What was the first beast like?
"The first was like a lion, and had eagle's wings: I beheld
till the wings thereof were plucked, and it was lifted up from the
earth, and made stand upon the feet as a man, and a man's
heart was given to it." Dan. 7: 4.
Now.— The lion, the first of these four great beasts, like the golden
head of Nebuchadnezzar's dream, represents the Babylonian monarchy;
the lion, the king of beasts, standing at the head of his kind, as gold does of
metals. The eagle's wings doubtless denote the rapidity with which Baby-
lon extended its conquests under Nebuchadnezzar, who reigned from B. c.
604 to B. c. 561. This kingdom was overthrown by the Medea and Per-
sians in B. c. 538.
10. By what was the second kingdom symbolized?
"And behold another beast, a second, like to a bear, and it
raised up itself on one side, and it had three ribs in the mouth of
 FOUR GREAT MONARCHIES 145
it between the teeth of it: and they said thus unto it, Arise,
devour much flesh." Verse 5.
NOTE.— "This was the Medo-Persian Empire, represented here under
the symbol of a bear. . . . The Medes and Persians are compared
to a bear on account of their cruelty and thirst after blood, a•bear being a
most voracious and cruel animal."— Adam Clarke, on Dan. 7: 5.

11. By what was the third universal empire symbolized?

"After' this I beheld, and lo another, like a leopard, which
had upon the back of it four wings of a fowl; the beast had also
four heads; and dominion was given to it." Verse 6.
NomEs.— If the wings of an eagle on the back of a lion denoted rapidity
of movement in the Babylonian, or Assyrian, Empire (see Hab. 1: 6-8),
four wings on the leopard must denote unparalleled celerity of movement
in the Grecian Empire. This we find to be historically true.
"The rapidity of Alexander's conquests in Asia was marvelous: he
burst like a torrent on the expiring Persian Empire, and all opposition was
useless. The gigantic armies collected to oppose him melted like snow in
the sunshine. The battles of Gra,nicus, B. c. 334, Issus in the following year,
and Arbela in B. c. 331, settled the fate of the Persian Empire, and estab-
lished the wide dominion of the Greeks."—`,`,The Divine Program of the
World's History," by H. Grattan Guinness, page 308.
"The beast had also four heads." The Grecian Empire maintained
its unity but a short time after the death of Alexander, which occurred
in B. c. 323. Within twenty-two years after the close of his brilliant career,
or by B. c. 301, the empire was divided among his four leading generals.
Cassander took Macedonia and Greece in the west; Lysimachus had Thrace
and the parts of Asia on the Hellespont and Bosporus in the north; Ptolemy
received Egypt, Lydia, Arabia, Palestine, and Ccele-Syria in the south;
and Seleucus had all the rest of Alexander's dominions in the east.

12. How was the fourth kingdom represented?

"After this I saw in the night-visions, and behold a fourth
beast, dreadful and terrible, and strong exceedingly; and it had
great iron teeth: it devoured and brake in pieces, and stamped
the residue with the feet of it: and it was diverse from all the
beasts that were before it; and it had ten horns." Verse 7.
13. What was the fourth beast declared to be?
"Thus he said, The fourth beast shall be the fourth kingdom
upon earth, which shall be diverse from all kingdoms, and shall
devour the whole earth, and shall tread it down, and break it
in pieces." Verse 23.
NOTES.— "This is allowed on all hands to be the. Roman Empire. It
was dreadful, terrible,. and exceeding strong; . . . and became, in effect,
what the Roman writers delight to call it, the empire of the whole world."
—Adam Clarke, on Dan. 7: 7.
The final overthrow of the Greeks, by the Romans, was at the battle
of Pydna, in 168 B. c.
14. What was denoted by the ten horns?
10
146 BIBLE READINGS
"And the ten horns out of this kingdom are ten kings that
shall arise." Verse 24.
No'rEs.— The Roman Empire was broken up into ten kingdoms be-
tween the years 351 A. D. and 476 A. D.
"The historian Machiavelli, without the slightest reference to this
prophecy, gives the following list of the nations which occupied the terri-
tory of the Western Empire at the time of the fall of Romulus Augustulus
(476 A. D.), the last emperor of Rome: The Lombards, the Franks, the
Burgundians, the Ostrogoths, the Visigoths, the Vandals, the Heruli, the
Suevi, the Huns, and the Saxons: ten in all.
"Amidst unceasing and almost countless fluctuations, the kingdoms
of modern Europe have from their birth to the present day averaged ten in
number. They have never since the breaking up of old Rome been united
into one single empire; they have never formed one whole even like the
United States. No, scheme of proud ambition seeking to reunite the
broken fragments has ever succeeded; when such have arisen, they have
been invariably dashed to pieces.
"And the division is as apparent now as ever. Plainly and palpably
inscribed on the map of Europe this day, it confronts the skeptic with its
silent but conclusive testimony to the fulfilment of this great prophecy.
Who can alter or add to this tenfold list of the kingdoms now occupying the
sphere of old Rome? Italy, Austria, Switzerland, France,Germany, Eng-
land, Holland, Belgium, Spain, and Portugal — ten, an no more; ten,
and no less."— "The Divine Program of the World's History," by H. Grattan
Guinness, pages 818-321.
15. What change did Daniel see take place in these horns?
"I considered the horns, and, behold, there came up among
them another little horn, before whom there were three of the first
horns plucked up by the roots: and, behold, in this horn were eyes
like the eyes of man, and a mouth speaking great things."
Verse 8.
16. What inquiry on the part of Daniel shows that the fourth
beast, and especially the little horn phase of it, constitutes the
leading feature of this vision?
"Then I would know the truth of the fourth beast, which was
diverse from all the others, exceeding dreadful, whose teeth-
were of iron, and his nails of brass• which devoured, brake in
pieces, and stamped the residue with'his feet; and of the ten horns
that were in his head, and of the other which came up, and before
whom three fell; even of that horn that had eyes, and a mouth
that spake very great things, whose look was more stout than
his fellows." Verses 19, 20.
17. When was the little horn to arise?
"And another shall rise after them." Verse 24.
NoTE.— The ten horns, as already shown, arose when Rome, the
fourth kingdom, was divided into ten kingdoms. This division was com-
pleted in A. D. 476. The little-horn power was to arise after them.
18. What was to be the character of the little horn?
 FOUR GREAT MONARCHIES 147
"And he shall be diverse from the first, and he shall subdue
three kings." Same verse, last part.
NOTES.- That power which arose in the Roman Empire after the fall
of Rome in A. D. 476, which was entirely different from all the ten kingdoms
into which Rome was divided (for it demanded and exercised spiritual
power over the other kingdoms), and before whom three of the other kings
— the Heruli, the Vandals, and the Ostrogoths — fell, was the Papacy.
Having located the place and the time of the kingdom of the little
horn, the study of its character and work will be considered in the readings
which follow.

THE KINGDOM AND WORK OF ANTICHRIST

1. WHAT is said of the little horn as compared with the ten
horns of the fourth beast of Daniel 7?
"He shall be diverse from the first, and he shall subdue three
kings." Dan. 7:24.
Now.— The Papacy, which arose on the ruins of the Roman Empire,
differed from all previous forms of Roman power, in that it was an ec-
clesiastical'despotism claiming universal dominion over both spiritual and
temporal affairs, especially the former. It was a union of church and
state, with the church dominant.
2. What attitude of rivalry was the Papacy, represented by
the little horn, to assume toward the Most High?
"And he shall speak great words' against the Most High."
Verse q5, first clause.
3. How does Paul, speaking of the man of sin, describe this
same power?
" Who opposeth and exalteth himself above all that is called
God, or that is worshiped; so that he as God sitteth in the tem-
ple of God, showing himself that he is God." 2 Thess. 2: 4.
NOTES.- The following extracts from authoritative works, most of
them by Roman Catholic writers, will indicate to what extent the Papacy
has done this: —
"All the names which are attributed to Christ in Scripture, implying
His supremacy over the church, are also attributed to the Pope."— Bettor-
mine, "On the Authority of Councils," book 2, chap. 17.
"For thou art the shepherd, thou art the physician, thou art the
director, thou art the husbandman; finally thou art another God on earth."
— From Oration of Christopher Marcellus in fourth session of Fifth Lateran
Council, Labbe and Cossart's "History of the Councils," published in 1672,
Vol. XIV, col. 109.
"For not man, but God, not by human but rather by divine authority,
releases those whom, on account of the need of the churches or what is
regarded as a benefit, the Roman pontiff (who is vicegerent on earth, not
of mere man, but of the true God) separates [from their churches]."—
"The Decretais of Gregory IX," book 1, title 7, chap. 3.
148 BIBLE READINGS
"The Pope is the supreme judge of the law of the land. He is the
vicegerent of Christ, who is not only a priest forever, but also King of kings
and Lord of lords."— From the Civilta Cattolica, March 18, 1871, quoted in
"Vatican Council," by Leonard Woolsey Bacon, American Tract Society
edition, page 220.
"Christ entrusted His office to the chief pontiff; . . . but all
power in heaven and in earth has been given to Christ; . . . there-
fore the chief pontiff, who is His vicar, will have this power."— Gloss on the
"Extravagante,s Communes," book 1, "On Authority and Obedience," chap. 1,
on words Porro Subesse Romano Pontiff. Canon law, published in 1556,
Vol. III, " Extrcwagante,s Communes," col. 29.
"Hence the Pope is crowned with a triple crown, as king of heaven,
and earth, and purgatory (Infernorum)."—"Prompta Bibliotheca," Fer-
raris, Vol. VI, page 26, article "Papa" (the Pope).
"The decision of the Pope and the decision of God constitute one
decision, just as the opinion of the Pope and his disciple are the same.
Since, therefore, an appeal is always taken from an inferior judge to a
superior, as no one is greater than himself, so no appeal holds when made
from the Pope to God, because there is one consistory of the Pope himself
and of God Himself, of which consistory the Pope himself is the key-bearer
and the doorkeeper. Therefore no one can appeal from the Pope to God,
as no one can enter into the consistory of God without the mediation of
the Pope, who is the key-bearer and the doorkeeper of the consistory of
eternal life; and as no one can appeal to himself, so no one can appeal from
the Pope to God, because there is one decision and one curia [court] of God
and of the Pope."— Writings of Augustinus de Ancona, printed without title-
page or pagination, Ques. VI, "On an Appeal From the Decision of the Pope."
"All the faithful of Christ must believe that the Holy Apostolic See
and the Roman pontiff possesses the primacy over the whole world, and
that the Roman pontiff is the 'successor of the blessed Peter, prince of the
apostles, and is true vicar of Christ, and the head of the whole church, and
father and teacher of all Christians, and that full power was given him in
blessed Peter to rule, feed, and govern the universal church by Jesus Christ
our Lord."-"Petri Privilegium," in section on "The Vatican Council and
Its Definitions," by Henry Edward Manning, archbishop of Westminster
(Roman Catholic), London, Longmans, Green & Co., 1871, page 214.
"We teach and define that it is a dogma divinely revealed; that the
Roman pontiff, when he speaks ex cathedra, that is, when in the discharge
of the office of Pastor and Doctor of all Christians, by virtue of his supreme
apostolic authority he defines a doctrine regarding faith or morals to be
held by the universal church, by the divine assistance promised to him in
blessed Peter, is possessed of that infallibility with which the divine Re-
deemer willed that His church should be endowed for defining doctrine
regarding faith or morals: and that therefore such definitions of the Roman
pontiff are irreformable of themselves, and not from the consent of the
church."— Id., page 218.
"Should Jesus Christ come in person from heaven into a church to
administer the sacrament of reconciliation, and should He say to a penitent,
' I absolve thee,' and should a priest sitting at His side in the tribunal of
penance pronounce over a penitent the selfsame words, 'I absolve thee,'
there is no question that in the latter case, as in the former, the penitent
would be equally loosed from his sin."—"Jesus Living in the Priest," by the
Rev. P. Millet, S. J., English translation by the Rt. Rev. Thomas Sebastian
Byrne, D. D., bishop of Nashville; New York, Benziger Brothers, printers to
the Holy Apostolic See, 1901, pages 23, 24. Imprimatur, Michael Augustine,
archbishop of New York.
 THE KINGDOM AND WORK OF ANTICHRIST 149
Among the twenty-seven propositions known as the "Dictates of
Hildebrand," who, under the name of Gregory VII, was Pope from 1073
to 1087, occur the following: —
"2. That the Roman pontiff alone is justly styled universal.
"6. That no person . . . may live under the same roof with one
excommunicated by the Pope.
"9. That all princes should kiss his feet only.
"12. That it is lawful for him to depose emperors.
"18. That his sentence is not to be reviewed by any one; while he
alone can review the decisions of all others.
"19. That he can be judged by no one.
"22. That the Romish Church never erred, nor will it,* according to
the Scriptures, ever err.
"26. That no one is to be accounted a Catholic who does sot harmo-
nize with the Romish Church.
"27. That he can absolve subjects from their allegiance to unright-
eous rulers."— Annals of Baronius, 1076, Vol. XI, col. 506. See Gieseler's
"Ecclesiastical History," third period, div. 3, par. 47, note 3; and Mosheim's
"Ecclesiastical History," book 3, cen. 11, part 2, chap. 2, par. 9, note.
"They have assumed infallibility, which belongs only to God. They
profess to forgive sins, which belongs only to God. They profess to open
and shut heaven, which belongs only to God. They profess to be higher
than all the kings of the earth, which belongs only to God. And they go
beyond God in pretending to loose whole nations from their oath of alle-
giance to their kings, when such kings do not please them. And they go
against God, when they give indulgences for sin. This is the worst of all
blasphemies."— Adam Clarke, on Dan. 7: 25.
4. How was the little horn to treat God's people?
"And shall wear out the saints of the. Most High." Dan. 7:25.
NoTE8.— "Under these bloody maxims [previously mentioned], those
persecutions were carried on, from the eleventh and twelfth centuries al-
most to the present day, which stand out on the page of history. After
the signal of open martyrdom had been given in the canons of Orleans,
there followed the extirpation of the Albigenses under the form of a crusade,
the establishment of the Inquisition, the cruel attempts to extinguish the
Waldenses, the martyrdoms of the Lollards, the cruel wars to exterminate
the Bohemians, the burning of Huss and Jerome, and multitudes of other
confessors, before the Reformation; and afterwards, the ferocious cruelties
practised in the Netherlands, the martyrdoms of Queen Mary's reign, the
extinction by fire and sword of the Reformation in Spain and Italy, by
fraud and open persecution in Poland, the massacre of Bartholomew, the
persecution of the Huguenots by the League, the extirpation of the Vaudois,
and all the cruelties and prejudices connected with the revocation of the
Edict of Nantes. These are the more open and conspicuous facts which
evlain the prophecy, besides the slow and secret murders of the holy tri-
bunal of the Inquisition."—" The First Two Visions of Daniel," Rev. T. R.
Birks, M. A., London, 1845, pages 248, 249.
A detailed summary of the number of the victims of the Inquisition
in Spain, under each Inquisitor-General, is given in "The History of the
Inquisition in Spain," by Llorente, formerly secretary of the Inquisition,
pages 206-208. According to this authority the number who were con-
demned and perished in the flames is 31,912.
"The church has persecuted. Only a tyro in church history will deny
that. . . . One hundred and fifty years after Constantine the Dona-
150 BIBLE READINGS
tists were persecuted, and sometimes put to death. . . . Protestants
were persecuted in France and Spain with the full approval of the church
authorities. We have always defended the persecution of the Huguenots,
and the Spanish Inquisition. Wherever and whenever there is honest
Catholicity,. there will be a clear distinction drawn between truth and error,
and Catholicity and all forms of error. When she thinks it good to use
physical force, she will use it"— The Western Watchman (Roman Catholic),
of St. Louis, Dec. S4 1908,
5. What else does the prophecy say the little horn would do?
"And hp shall think to change the times and the law." Dan.
7: 25, third clause, R. V.
Notes.— "The little horn, further, shall think to change times. The
description applies, in all its force, to the systematic perversion of God's
words by which all promises of millennial glory are wrested from their true
sense, and referred to the dominion and grandeur of the Church of Rome.
The orator of the Pope, for instance, in the Lateran Council, declares that
in the submission of all nations to Leo the prophecy was fulfilled: 'All kings-
shall fall down and worship Him; all nations shall serve and obey Him.'
The same antichristian feature appears in those advocates of the Papacy
who would clear it from the guilt of actual idolatry, because 'it is part of
that church from which the idols are utterly abolished.' Thus are the times
changed; but only in the vain thoughts' of dreamers who see false visions
and divine lying divinations; because the visible glory of Christ's kingdom
remains still to be revealed."—" The First Two-Visions of Daniel," Rev. T. R.
Birks, M. A., London, 1845, pages 257, 258.
Although the ten commandments, the law of God, are found in the
Roman Catholic versions of the Scriptures, as they were originally given,
yet the faithful are instructed from the catechisms of the church, and not
directly from the Bible. As it appears in these, the law of God has been
changed and virtually reenacted by the Papacy. Furthermore, commu-
nicants not only receive the law from the church, but they deal with the
church concerning any alleged infractions of that law, and when they have
satisfied the ecclesiastical authorities, the whole matter is settled.
The second commandment, which forbids the making of, and bowing
down to, images, is omitted in Catholic catechisms, and the tenth, which
forbids coveting, is divided into two.
As evidence of the change which has been made in the law of God by
the papal power, and that it acknowledges the change and claims the author-
ity to make it, note the following from Roman Catholic publications: --
"Question.— Have you any other way of proving that the church has
power to institute festivals of precept?,
"Answer.— Had she not such power, she could not have done that in
which all modern religionists agree with her—she , could not have sub-
stituted the observance of Sunday, the first day of the week, for the ob-
servance of Saturday, the seventh day, a change for which there is no
Scriptural authority."—"A Doctrinal Catechism," Rev. Stephen Keenan,
page 174. Imprimatur, John Cardinal McCloskey, archbishop of New York.
"Ques.— How prove you that the church hath power to command
feasts and holy days?
" Ans.— By the very act of changing the Sabbath into Sunday, which
Protestants allow of; and therefore they fondly contradict themselves,
by keeping Sunday strictly, and breaking most other feasts commanded
by the same church.
"Ques.— How prove you that?
 THE KINGDOM AND WORK OF ANTICHRIST 151
"Ans.— Because by keeping Sunday they acknowledge the church's
power to ordain feasts, and to command them under sin: and by not keep-
ing the rest by her commanded, they deny again, in fact, the same power."
—"An Abridgment of the Christian Doctrine," composed in 1649, by Rev.
Henry Tuberville, D. D., of the English College of Douay; New York, John
Doyle, 1883, page 58.
"Is not every Christian obliged to sanctify Sunday, to abstain on that
day from unnecessary servile work? Is not the observance of this law
among the most prominent of our sacred duties? But you may read the
Bible from Genesis to Revelation, and you will not find a single line author-
izing the sanctification of Sunday. The Scriptures enforce the religious
observance of Saturday, a day which we never sanctify."—" The Faith of
Our Fathers," by James Cardinal Gibbons, Baltimore, John Murphy & Co.,
1893, page 111.
All Roman Catholic writers agree in this teaching. See page 329.
6. Until what time were the saints, times, and the law of
the Most High to be given into the hands of the little horn?
"And they shall be given into his hand until a time and times
and the dividing of time." Dan. 7: 25, last clause.
7. In what other prophecies is this same period mentioned?
"And to the woman were given two wings of a great eagle,
that she might fly into the wilderness, into her place, where
she is nourished for a time, and times, and half a time, from the
face of the serpent." Rev. 12: 14. "And there was given
unto him a mouth speaking great things and blasphemies; and
power was given unto him to continue [margin, to make war]
forty and two months." Rev. 13:5. See also Rev. 11:2. "And
the woman fled into the wilderness, where she hath a place
prepared of God, that they should feed her there a thousand
two hundred and threescore days." Rev. 12: 6.
8. In symbolic prophecy what length of time is represented
by a day?
"After the number of the days in which ye searched the
land, even forty days, each day for a year, shall ye bear your
iniquities, even forty years." Num. 14: 34. See Eze. 4: 6.
Novas.— A time in prophecy being the same as a year (see Dan. 11:
13, margin, and R. V.), three and one-half times would be three and a half
years, or forty-two months, or twelve hundred and sixty days, since the
calendar year of 360 days, or twelve months of thirty days each, is used in
prophetic chronology. s each day represents a year, the period, the end
of which was to mark the limit of the time of the supremacy of the little
horn, the Papacy, over the saints, times, and the law, would therefore
be twelve hundred and sixty years.
The decree of the emperor Justinian, issued in A. D. 533, recognized the
Pope as "head of all the holy churches." (Justinian's Code, book 1 title
1. Baronius's Annals, A. D. 533.) The overwhelming defeat of the dstro-
goths in the siege of Rome, five years later, A. D. 538, was a death-blow to
the independence of the Arian power then ruling Italy, and was therefore
152 BIBLE READINGS
a notable date In the development of papal supremacy. With the
period 533-538, then, commences the twelve hundred and sixty years
of this prophecy, which would extend to the period 1793-98. The year
1793 was the year of the Reign of Terror in the French. Revolution,
and the year when the Roman Catholic religion was set aside in
France and the worship of reason was established in its stead. As
a direct result of the revolt against papal authority in the French
Revoltition, the French army, under Berthier, entered Rome, and the
Pope was taken 'prisoner Feb. 10, 1798,. dying in exile at Valence,
France, the following year. This period, 1793-98, during which this
death-stroke was inflicted upon the Papacy, fittingly and clearly
marks the close of the long prophetic period mentioned in this
prophecy. Any standard history of the time may be consulted in
substantiation of the facts here stated.
A.D • _ A.D.
558 THE 1260 YEARS 1798

9. What will finally be done with the dominion exercised

by the little horn?
"But the judgment shall sit, and they shall take away his
dominion, to consume and to destroy it unto the end." Dan. 7: 26.
10. To whom will the dominion finally be given?
"And the kingdom and dominion, and the greatness of the
kingdom under the whole heaven, shall be given to the people
of the saints of the Most High, whose kingdom is an everlasting
kingdom, and all dominions shall serve and obey Him." Verse 27.
Norm— Here, as in the second chapter of Daniel, the announcement
of the setting up of the everlasting kingdom of God in the earth includes a
brief outline of the history of this world; and the prophecies of Daniel con-
cerning the powers that would oppose the purpose of God, furnish ad-
ditional features of this outline. The exact fulfilment of this outline in the
history of the world since the time of Nebuchadnezzar constitutes an un-
impeachable testimony to the inspiration of these prophecies, and fur-
nishes a ground of confidence that the unfulfilled portion of the prophecies
will be wrought out in the future with absolute certainty and in every
detail.

THE VICAR OF CHRIST

1. WHAT appeared unto Daniel in 538 B. c., the same year
in which Babylon fell?
"In the third year of the reign of King Belshazzar a vision
appeared unto me, even unto me Daniel, after that which ap-
peared unto me at the first." Dan. 8: 1.
2. Where was Daniel at this time?
"And I saw in a vision; and it came to pass, when I saw,
that I was at Shushan in the palace, which is in the province of
 THE VICAR OF CHRIST 153
Elam; and I saw in a vision, and I was by the river of Ulai."
Verse 2.
3. What first attracted the prophet's attention?
"Then I lifted up mine eyes, and saw, and, behold, there
stood before the river a ram which had two horns: and the two
horns were high; but one was higher than the other, and the
1g...her came up last." Verse 3.
4. What power was represented by the ram having two
horns?
"The ram which thou rawest having two horns are the
kings of Media and Persia." Verse 20.
5. How are the rise and work of this power described?
"I saw the ram pushing westward, and northward, and
southward; so that no beasts might stand before him, neither
was there any that could deliver out of his hand; but he did
according to his will, and became great." Verse 4.
6. What symbol was next introduced in the vision?
"And as I was considering, behold, an he goat came from the
west on the face of the whole earth, and touched not the ground:
and the goat had a notable horn between his eyes." Verse 5.
7. What did the goat with the notable horn represent?
"And the rough goat is the king of Grecia: and the great horn
that is between his eyes is the first king." Verse 21.
8. How was the conquest of Medo-Persia by Grecia fore-
told in this symbolic prophecy?
"And I saw him come close unto the ram, and he was moved
with choler against him, and smote the ram, and brake his two
horns: and there was no power in the ram to stand before him,
but he cast him down to the ground, and stamped upon him:
and there was none that could deliver the ram out of his hand."
Verse 7.
9. When the he goat "was strong," what occurred?
"Therefore the he goat waxed very great: and when he was
strong, the great horn was broken; and for it came up four notable
ones toward the four winds of heaven." Verse 8.
10. Who was represented by "the great horn," and what
followed when it was broken?
"And the rough goat is the king [kingdom] of Grecia: and
154 BIBLE READINGS
the great horn that is between his eyes is the first king. Now
that being broken, whereas four stood up for it, four kingdoms
shall stand up out of the nation, but not in his power." Verses
21, 22.
Novas.— From the interpretation given, it is plain that the notable
" horn " upon, the he 4nat represented Alexander the Great, who led the
Grecian forceA in their conquest of Medo-Persia. Upon the death of
Alexander at Babylon, B. c. 323, there followed a brief period of confusion
in the struggle for the kingdom, but the succession was definitely deter.
mined by the battle of Ipsus, B. c. 301. Alexander's four leading generals
— Cassander, Lysimachus, Ptolemy, and Seleucus — became his successors.
"The vast empire created by Alexander's unparalleled conquests was
distracted by the wranglings and wars of his successors, and before the
close of the fourth century before Christ, had become broken up into many
fragments. Besides minor states, four well-defined and important mon-
archies rose out of the ruins. . . . Their rulers were Lysimachus,
Cassander, Seleucus Nicator, and Ptolemy, who had each assumed the
title of king. The great horn was broken; and instead of it came up four
notable ones toward the four winds of heaven."— Myers's "History of
Greece," page 457, edition 1902.
11. What came out of one of the four horns of the goat?
"And out of one of them came forth a little horn, which waxed
exceeding great, toward the south, and toward the east, and
toward the pleasant land." Verse 9.
12. What interpretation is given to this little horn?
"And in the latter time of their kingdom, when the trans-
gressors are come to the full, a king of fierce countenance, and
understanding dark sentences, shall stand up." Verse 23.
13. What did this little horn do to the people of God?
"And it waxed great, even to the host of heaven; and it cast
down some of the host and of the stars to the ground, and stamped
upon them." Verse 10.
14. In what literal language is this persecution of the people
of God further described?
"And his power shall be mighty, but not by his own power:
and he shall destroy wonderfully, and shall prosper, and practise,
and shall destroy the mighty and the holy people." Verse 24.
15. How was this little horn to exalt itself against Christ
and His mediatorial work?
"Yea, it magnified itself, even to the Prince of the host, and
it took away from Him the continual burnt offering, and the place
of His sanctuary was cast down." Verse 11, R. V.
16. In the interpretation of the vision, how is this self-
exaltation set forth?
 THE VICAR OF CHRIST 155
"And through his policy also he shall cause craft to pros-
per in his hand; and he shall magnify himself in his heart, and
by peace shall destroy many : he shall also stand up against
the Prince of princes; but he shall be broken without hand."
Verse 25.
17. What similar language is used by the apostle Paul in
describing the "mystery of iniquity," or "man of sin"?
"That day shall not come, except there come a falling away
first, and that man of sin be revealed, the son of perdition;
who opposeth and exalteth himself above all that is called God,
or that is worshiped; so that he as God sitteth in the temple of God,
showing himself that he is God." 2 Thess. 2: 3, 4..
NOTE.— The last two scriptures evidently describe one and the same
power"— a power which, while religious and professedly Christian, is anti-
christian in spirit, and the very "man of sin' himself. Possessed with the
selfish ambition of Lucifer (Isa. 14: 12-14; Eze. 28: 17), he assumes to oc-
cupy the very seat and place of Deity in the temple of God. Professing
to be Christ 'i3 vicar, or personal representative on earth, he magnifies
himself against Christ, and "stands up," or reigns, in the place of, and
"against, the Prince of princes.
18. What was given into the hands of the power represented
by the little horn?
"And the host was given over to it together with the continual
burnt offering through transgression." Dan. 8: 12, first clause,
R. V.
19. What did this power do to the truth?
"And it cast down truth to the ground, and it did its pleasure
and prospered." Same' verse, last clause, R. V.
NOTES.— The interpretation already given to this vision shows plainly
that the power represented by the little horn is the successor of Medo-
Persia and Grecia. In the vision of the seventh chapter of Daniel, which
is closely related to this vision, the fourth beast represented the fourth
kingdom, or Rome, in its entirety, special attention however being given
to the "little horn" phase of its history. As shown by the work attributed
to it, this little horn, which arose among the ten kingdoms into which Rome
was divided, was to be a religio-political power, which was to change the
times and law of God, and persecute the people of God. In the vision of
the eighth chapter the ecclesiastical features of this fourth world power are
especially noticed and emphasized, and hence the only symbol there used
to represent it is the "little horn" which waxed "exceeding great."
The religion of all the four great monarchies mentioned in these
prophecies was paganism; but the paganism of ancient Babylon was re-
produced in pagan Rome, and then adapted and adopted by papal Rome.
The little horn of the- eighth chapter represents Rome, both pagan and
papal, in its ecclesiastical aspect, with its union of paganism, and later of
apostate Christianity, with the secular power; with its antichristian perse-
cutions of the saints of God; with its perversion of the priesthoodof Christ;
and with its assertion of both temporal and spiritualpower over all the
156 BIBLE READINGS

world. It is evident that pagan Rome is introduced into this prophecy

chiefly as a means of locating the place and work of papal Rome, and the
ecclesiastical features of pagan Rome as typical of the same features ac-
centuated in papal Rome, and that the emphasis is to be placed upon the
fulfilment of the prophecy in the work of papal Rome. A careful compari-
son of Dan. 7:21, 25, with Dan. 8: 10-12, R. V., and 2 Thess. 2: 3, 4, will
amply justify this conclusion.
"The Romans could not forget —never did forget — that they had
once been masters and rulers of the world. Even after they had become
wholly unfit to rule themselves, let alone the ruling of others, they still
retained the temper and used the language of masters. . . . In the
absence of an emperor in the West the popes rapidly gained influence and
power, and soon built up an ecclesiastical empire that in some respects
took the place of the old empire and carried on its civilizing work."—
Myers's "Rome; Its Rise and Fall," Boston, 1900, pages 398, 399, 443, 443.
The host and the stars of Dan. 8: 10 are the same as the saints of the
Most High of Dan. 7:25; and the Prince of the host of Dan. 8:11 is the
Prince of princes, or Christ. When the same being appeared to Joshua
(Joshua 5: 13-15, margin), He applies the same expression to Himself.
In Dan. 8: 11-13, in the Revised Version, the words "burnt offering"
have been supplied by the translators after the word "continual," but this
rendering seems to place too restricted a meaning upon the word "con-
tinual." The fact that no word is connected with "continual" in the
original text, although in the typical service of the sanctuary it is used
with "burnt offering" (Ex. 29:42), with "incense" (Ex. 30:8, here ren-
dered perpetual), and with "showbread" (Num. 4: 7), indicates that that
which is continual represents the continual service or mediation of Christ
in the heavenly sanctuary, in which all that was continual in the typical
service found its antitype and fulfilment. See Heb. 6: 19, 20; 7: 1-3, 14-16,
23-25. The action which made the Pope the vicar of God and the high
priest of the apostasy, really took away from Christ, as far as human in-
tent and power were concerned, his place and work as the only mediator
between God and man (1 Tim. 2: 5), and this took away from Him, as far
as man could take it away, the continual mediation, according to the pre-
diction in this prophecy.
The prophecies of Daniel are cumulative and widening in their view,
each carrying matters farther than the preceding one, and bringing out
more explicitly and more in detail important features down the stream of
time. In Daniel 2, under the fourth universal kingdom, the Papacy is
not represented under any direct symbol or figure at all,— simply Rome in
its united and divided state; in Daniel 7 Rome is symbolized by the "little
horn" coming up among the ten horns representing the divided state of
Rome; while in Daniel 8 the only figure used to represent the fourth world
power is the "little horn" which waxed "exceeding great."
In each of these last two chapters the little horn is introduced to tell
especially of the workings of the same terrible power — Rome papal. Both
chapters deal with the same great apostasy. In the seventh chapter, the
little horn takes away the law of God. In the eighth chapter, it takes
away the gospel. Had it taken away only the law, this would have viti-
ated the gospel; for, with the law of God gone, even the true gospel could
not save, because the law is needed to convict and give a knowledge of
sin. And had the Papacy taken away only the gospel, and left the law,
salvation through such a system would still have been impossible, for there
is no salvation for sinners through even the law of God itself apart from
Christ and the gospel. But to make apostasy doubly sure, this power
changes, vitiates, and takes away both the law and the gospel.
In changing the Sabbath, the Papacy struck directly at the very heart
 THE VICAR OF CHRIST 157

and seal of the law of God, just as in substituting its own mediatorial sys-
tem for that of Christ, it struck directly at the heavenly sanctuary and its
service, which, in his epistle to the Hebrews, Paul shows to be the very
heart and essence of the gospel.
20. What question was asked in the hearing of the prophet?
"Then I heard one saint speaking, and another saint said
unto that certain saint which spake, How long shall be the vision
concerning the daily sacrifice, and the transgression of desolation,
to give both the sanctuary and the host to be trodden under-
foot?" Dan. 8: 13.
21. What answer was addressed to Daniel?
"And he said unto me, Unto two thousand and three hundred
days; then shall the sanctuary be cleansed." Verse 14.
Now.— In verse 13, R. V., the vision is clearly defined. It is "the
vision concerning the continual burnt offering [or continual mediation],
,
and the transgression that maketh desolate "which results in giving both
the sanctuary and the people of God to be trodden underfoot. The time
when the vision was to have its special application is stated in verse 17
to be "at the time of the end," or in the last days. This is additional
proof that this prophecy was to find its complete fulfilment in papal
Rome only, as pagan Rome passed away many centuries ago. The sanc-
tuary and the twenty-three-hundred-day period here referred to are con-
sidered at length in succeeding readings. See pages 158, 165.
22. What prophetic- period begins at the time when the
continual mediation of Christ was taken away by the Papacy?.
"And from the time that the continual burnt offering shall
be taken away, and the abomination that maketh desolate set
up, there shall be a thousand two hundred and ninety days."
Dan. 12: 11, R. V.
Ai A.D.
508 THE 1290 YEARS 17?8

NarEs.— Inasmuch as the taking away of the continual mediation of

Christ is made the beginning of a prophetic period, there must be some
definite act at some definite time which, in forpa and intent, takes from
-Christ His priestly work in the heavenly sanctuary. This act was the
official decree of an ecclesiastical council held at Rome in 503 A. D., by
which it was declared "that the Pope was judge as God's vicar, and could
himself be judged by no one." See Hardouin's "Councils," Vol. II, page
983; Labbe and Cossart's "Councils," Vol. IV, col. 1364; and Bower's
"History of the Popes" (three-volume edition), Vol. I, pages 304, 305.
The work of Clovis, king of the Franks, who earned for himself the title
of "the eldest son of the church" by his campaigns to subdue the kingdoms
hostile to the Papacy, contributed much toward putting into practical
effect this claim of the Papacy, which finally resulted in establishing the
Pope as the head of the Roman .priesthood which has usurped the priestly
work of Christ, and has established another system of mediation in its
158 BIBLE READINGS
place. This work of Clovis came to its climax in the period 503-508, and
this period therefore becomes the natural one from which to date the 1290
years of Dan. 12: 11, which would accordingly end in the period 1793-98,
at the same time as the 1260 years of Dan. 7:25. See notes on page 151.
"With Rome would have fallen her bishop, had he not, as if by antici-
pation of the crisis, reserved till this hour the master-stroke of his policy.
He now boldly cast himself upon an element of much greater strength than
that of which the political convulsions of the tithe had deprived him;
namely, that the bishop of Rome is the successor of Peter, the prince of
the apostles, and, in virtue of being so, is Christ's vicar on earth. In
makidg this claim, the Roman pontiffs vaulted at once over the throne of
kings to the seat of gods: Rome became once more the mistress of the
world, and her popes the rulers of the earth."—" The Papacy," by J. A.
Wylie, page 34.
23. What assurance was given to .Daniel concerning the
period of time mentioned in verse 14?
"And the vision of the evening and the morning which was
told is true; wherefore shut thou up the vision; for it shall be
for many days." Dan. 8:26.
NOTES.— By the expression "the vision of the evening and the morn-
ing" reference is made to the vision concerning the twenty-three hundred
days, as may be seen by referring to the marginal readings of Dan. 8: 14.
The interpretation of the vision of chapter 8 closes without making
any explanation of the long period of time which was mentioned to Daniel
in the answer to the question, " How long shall be the vision?" This im-
portant feature was left to be interpreted later. See next reading.

A GREAT PROPHETIC PERIOD

(The 2300 Days of Daniel 8)
OR THE TIME OF RESTORATION AND OF JUDGMENT
1. IMMEDIATELY after the vision of Daniel 8, what did
Daniel learn from his study of the prophecy of Jeremiah?
"In the first year of Darius . . . I Daniel understood by
books the number of the years, whereof the word of the Lord came to
Jeremiah the prophet, that he would accomplish seventy years in the
desolations of Jerusalem." Dan. 9: 1, 2.
NOTE.— The first deportation to Babylon, when Daniel and his com-
panions were carried captive, was in B. c. 606, and the seventy years of
Jeremiah's prophecy would therefore expire in B. c. 536. The first year
of Darius was B. c. 538, and the restoration period was therefore only two
years distant from that time.
2. What did this nearness of the time of restoration from
captivity lead Daniel to do?
"And I set my face unto the Lord God, to seek by prayer
and supplications, with fasting, and sackcloth, and ashes."
Verse 3.
 A GREAT PROPHETIC PERIOD 159
3. What urgent petition of the prophet connects this prayer
with the vision of the taking away of the continual mediation
and the desolation of the sanctuary recorded in Daniel 8?
"Now therefore, 0 our God, hear the prayer of Thy servant,
and his supplications, and cause Thy face to shine upon Thy
sanctuary that is desolate, for the Lord's sake." Dan. 9: 17.
4. At the conclusion of Daniel's prayer, what assurance did
Gabriel give him?
"And he informed me, and talked with me, and said, 0
Daniel, I am now come forth to give thee skill and understanding."
Verse 22.
5. What previous instruction connected with the vision of
Daniel 8 was thus being more fully carried out?
"And I heard a man's voice between the balks of Ulai,
which called, and said, Gabriel, make this man to understand the
vision." Dan. 8: 16.
6. Why was further instruction concerning this vision nec-
essary?
"And I Daniel fainted, and was sick certain days; afterward
I rose up, and did the king's business; and I was astonished
at the vision, but none understood it." Verse 27.
7. To what did Gabriel now direct Daniel's attention?
"At the beginning of thy supplications the commandment
came forth, and I. am come to show thee: for thou art greatly
beloved: therefore understand the matter, and consider the vision."
Dan. 9:23.
Norxs.— There is abundant evidence that the instruction in the ninth
chapter of Daniel supplements and interprets the vision of the eighth
chapter. Note the following facts: —
(1) Daniel did not understand the vision concerning the treading
down of his people and the sanctuary, and therefore searched the prophecies
anew concerning the period of captivity.
(2) He evidently made a connection between the period of seventy
years mentioned by Jeremiah and the twenty-three hundred days of the
vision, .and he at once began to pray earnestly for the restoration of the
city and the sanctuary.
(3) The angel Gabriel, who appeared to him at the first, and inter-
preted all the vision with the exception of the twenty-three hundred days,
now appears, and again directs this attention to the vision.
(4) The events of the vision begin with the kingdom of the Medes and
Persians, the era of the restoration of the Jews to their own land. In the
absence of any instruction to the contrary, this would be the natural time
in which to locate the beginning of the period of twenty-three hundred
days; and this is the very time given for the beginning of the seventy weeks,
which are clearly a part of the twenty-three hundred days, and thus deter-
mine the time of their commencement.
 "UNTO 2,300 DAYS; THEN SHALL THE SANCTUARY BE CLEANSED"
2,300 YEARS

"70 WEEKS ARE DETERMINED UPON TNT PEOPLE"

490 YEARS

B.C. BC. A.D. A.D. A.D. A.O.

437 408 27 31 34 1844

343A

7 weeks,or 3 score and 2 (62) weeks,or Iweek,or 1,6I 0 years

49 years 434 years 7 years

THE 2300 DAYS

The heavy line represents the full 2300 year-day period, the longest prophetic period in the Bible. Beginning in B. c. 457,
when the decree was given to restore and build Jerusalem (Ezra 7: 11-26; Dan. 9:25), seven weeks (49 years) are measured off
to indicate the time occupied in this work of restoration. These, however, are a part of the sixty-nine weeks (483 years) that
were to reach to Messiah, the Anointed One. Christ was anointed in 27 A. D., at His baptism. Matt. 3: 13-17; Acts 10: 38.
In the midst of the seventieth week (31 A. n.), Christ was crucified, or "cut off," which marked the time when the sacrifices and
oblations of the earthly sanctuary were to cease. Dan. 9:26, 27. The remaining three and one-half years of this week reach
to 34 A. n., or to the stoning of Stephen, and the great persecution of the church at Jerusalem which followed. Acts 7: 59;
8: 1. This marked the close of the seventy weeks, or 490 years, allotted to the Jewish people.
But the seventy weeks are a part of the 2300 days; and as they (the seventy weeks) reach to 34 A. D., the remaining
1810 years of the 2300-day period must reach to 1844, when the work of judgment, or cleansing of the heavenly sanctuary,
was to begin. Rev. 14:6, 7. Then special light began to shine upon the whole sanctuary subject, and Christ's mediatorial
or priestly work in it.
Four great events, therefore, are located by this great prophetic period,— the first advent, the crucifixion, the rejection of
the Jewish people as a nation, and the beginning of the work of final judgment.
[1601
 A GREAT PROPHETIC PERIOD 161
(5) The seventy weeks, or four hundred and ninety years, extend from
the restoration of literal Jerusalem and the literal temple to the preaching
of the gospel to all the world. See Acts 15: 14-17. This special preaching
of the gospel was completed in one generation, and was followed by the
destruction of Jerusalem.
(6) The twenty-three hundred prophetic days, or twenty-three hun-
dred literal years, begin at the same time as the four hundred and ninety
years, or seventy weeks, or in B. c. 457, when the commandment to restore
and build Jerusalem went forth; and extend from the restoration of literal
Jerusalem and the typical temple service after the captivity in ancient
Babylon, in the time of the Medes and Persians, to 1844 A. D., the time for
the restoration of spiritual Jerusalem and of the knowledge of the mediation
of Christ in the heavenly sanctuary, taken away by the little horn, after
the captivity in modern Babylon. This work of restoration is to be accom-
plished in one generation by preaching the gospel to all the world (Rev.
14:6-12), and this will be followed by the destruction of the world, or fall
of all nations, of which the destruction of Jerusalem was a type.
8. What portion of the 2300 days (years) mentioned in the
vision, was allotted to the Jews?
"Seventy weeks are determined upon thy people and upon
thy holy city." Verse 24, first clause.
Novas.— "As both the 2300 years of chapter 8 and the 'seventy
weeks' of chapter 9 start from the Persian period of Jewish history, in
other words, as they both date from the restoration era which followed the
Babylonian captivity, their starting-points must be either identical or
closely related chronologically."—"Light for the Last Days," by H. Grat-
tan Guinness, London, Hodder and Stoughton, 1893, page 183.
"There is plainly a close correspondence between the two visions of
Daniel 8 and Daniel 9. The seventy weeks are said to be cut off for certain
distinct objects; and this implies a longer period from which they are sep-
arated, either the course of time in general, or some period distinctly
revealed. Now the previous date (the 2300 days) includes two events,—
the restoration of the sacrifice, and the desolation. The first of these is
identical in character with the seventy weeks, which are a period of the
restored polity of Jerusalem: and hence the most natural of the cutting
off is that which refers it to the whole period of the former vision."—"First
Elements of Sacred Prophecy," by T. R. Birks, London, 1843, pages 359,
380.
9. What was to be accomplished at the close of the seventy
weeks?
"To finish the transgression, and to make an end_of sins,
and to make reconciliation for iniquity, and to bring in ever-
lasting righteousness, and to seal up the vision and prophecy,
and to anoint the Most Holy." Same verse, latter part.
Nova.— For "the Most Holy," the Douay version' reads, "the Saint
of saints."
10. What portion of this period was to reach to Christ, the
Messiah, or Anointed One?
"Know therefore and understand, that from the going forth
of the commandment to restore and to build Jerusalem unto
11
162 BIBLE READINGS

Messiah the Prince shall be seven weeks, and threescore and two
weeks." Verse 25, first part.
Nora.— The word Messiah means anointed, and Jesus was anointed
with the Holy Spirit (Acts 10: 38) at His baptism in 27 A. D. Matt. 3:.16.
11. At the end of this time, what was to be done to Messiah?
"And after threescore and two weeks shall Messiah be -cut
off." Verse 26, first part.
12. How was the destruction of Jerusalem and the sanc-
tuary by the Romans then foretold?
"And the people of the prince that shall come shall destroy
the city and the sanctuary; and the end thereof shall be with a
flood, and unto the end of the war desolations are determined."
Same verse, last part.
13.What was Messiah to do during the seventieth week?
"And He shall confirm the covenant with many for one week."
Verse 27, first clause. See Matt. 26: 26-28.
14. What was He to take away in the midst of this week?
"And in the midst of the week He shall cause the sacrifice
and the oblation to cease." Same verse, next clause.
Nora.— Ancient Babylon took away the typical service by the de-
struction of the temple at the capture of Jerusalem. This service was
restored, at the rebuilding of Jerusalem, but was perverted into mere for-
malism by the Jews, and was taken awa3r .by Christ at the first advent,
when He blotted out the handwriting of ordinances, and "took it out of the
way, nailing it to His cross." Col. 2: 14. He then became "a minister
of the sanctuary, and of the true tabernacle, which the Lord pitched, and
not man." Heb. 8: 2. Thus He established the service in the heavenly
sanctuary. The little horn, the Papacy, as far as was within its power,
took away from the people the mediation of Christ in the heavenly sanc-
tuary, and substituted for it the Roman priesthood, with the Pope as Pon-
tifex Maximus, or high priest. Power over this truth of the gospel and
over the people of God was allowed to the Papacy because of transgression
(Dan. 8: 12, R. V.), just as the people of Jerusalem were given into the
hand of the king of ancient Babylon for the same reason. 1 Chron. 9: 1.
Thus has the Papacy " cast down the truth to the ground," and has trodden
underfoot the sanctuary and the people of God.
15. How are the judgments upon Jerusalem again foretold?
"And for the overspreading of abominations He shall make
it desolate, even until the consummation, and that determined
shall be poured upon the desolate." Remainder of verse 27.
Nova.— Seventy weeks would be four hundred and ninety days; and
as a day in prophecy represents a year (Num. 14: 34; Eze. 4: 6), this period
would be four hundred and ninety years. The commandment to restore
and build Jerusalem was brought to its completion by Artaxerxes Longi-
manus in the seventh year of his reign (Ezra 6: 14; 7: 7, 8), which, as already
noted, was B. C. 457. From this date the sixty-nine weeks, or four hundred
 A GREAT PROPHETIC PERIOD 163
and eighty-three years, would extend to the baptism of Christ in 27 A. D.,
and the whole period to 34 A. D., when the martyrdom of Stephen occurred,
and the gospel began to be preached to the Gentiles. Before the end of
that generation Jerusalem was destroyed by the Romans, 70 A. D. The
twenty-three hundred years would extend from D. c. 457 to 1844 A. D.,
when began the great second advent movement, which calls upon all to
come out of modern Babylon, and to prepare for the next great event, the
coming of Christ and the destruction of the world by fire.
16. What question was asked in the vision of Daniel 8?
"Then I heard a holy one speaking; and another holy one
said unto that certain one which spake, How long shall be the
vision concerning the continual burnt offering, and the transgression
that maketh desolate, to give both the sanctuary and the host to be
trodden underfoot?" Dan. 8: 13.
Nuns.— Literal Jerusalem was given into the hands of ancient Baby-
lon, and the typical service in the earthly sanctuary was thus taken away.
Dan. 1: 1, 2. This was prophetic of the experience of spiritual Jerusalem
in modern Babylon, foretold in' the prophecies of Daniel and John, and of
the taking away of the mediation of Christ in the heavenly sanctuary.
Dan. 7: 25; 8: 13. These two visions expose the work of modern Babylon,
the Papacy, and determine the limit of its permitted power over the people
of God, and of its perversion of the gospel of Christ in substituting another
mediatorial system for the work of Christ in the heavenly sanctuary.
The general theme upon which the book of Daniel treats is Babylon,
both ancient and modern. Chapters 1-6, inclusive, present certain his-
torical facts leading up to the fall of ancient Babylon, and an attempt to
destroy the prophet Daniel himself and the final attempt to destroy the
people of God,— a brief historical outline,. which is in itself a prophecy of
modern Babylon. Chapters 7-12, inclusive, contain prophecies relating
especially to modern Babylon, which supplement the historical prophecy
of the previous chapters, and which enable us to draw a very exact and
striking parallel between ancient and modern Babylon. A brief outline
of this parallel may be stated thus: —
(1) In the religion of ancient Babylon, image-worship found a prom-
inent place. The same is true of modern Babylon.
(2) Ancient Babylon affirmed that the gods (or God) dwelt not in the
flesh. By the dogma of the immaculate conception of the Virgin Mary
(that is, that she herself was born without the taint of original sin), modern
Babylon teaches that God, in the person of His Son, did not take the same
flesh with us; that is, sinful flesh.
(3) Ancient Babylon persecuted those who refused to accept her dog-
mas and worship according to her laws. Modern Babylon has done the same.
(4) The king of ancient Babylon set himself above God, and attempted
to make his kingdom an everlasting kingdom. So does modern Babylon.
(5) Ancient Babylon rejected the true gospel as taught to Nebuchad-
nezzar, and the fall of Babylon came in consequence. Modern Babylon
has done the same in her rejection of the true gospel as brought to her in
the Reformation, and her fall is inevitable and impending.
(6) The fall of ancient Babylon came just at the time when it was
giving expression to its contempt of all its enemies, and its confidence in its
own permanence. This experience will be repeated in the history of
modern Babylon.
17. What prophetic period, therefore, extends to the deliv-
164 BIBLE READINGS

erance of God's people from the captivity in modern Babylon,

and the restoration to them of the mediation of Christ?
"And he said unto me, Unto two thousand and three hundred
days; then shall the sanctuary be cleansed." Verse 14.
Nom— The earthly sanctuary was a type of the heavenly sanctuary
(Heb. 9:23, 24; Lev. 16: 29, 30, 33); the cleansing of the earthly sanctuary
WAS typical of the cleansing in the heavenly sanctuary; and this cleansing
of the sanctuary accomplished on the great day of atonement is the clos-
ing work of Christ in His mediation for sin. And the commencement of
the cleansing of the heavenly sanctuary marks the beginning of a new era
in the experience of the people of God on earth; namely, the deliverance
from the power of modern Babylon, the restoration to them of the knowl-
edge of the mediation of Christ for them in the heavenly sanctuary, and a
cleansing from sin in preparation for the second advent of Christ. The
cleansing of the heavenly sanctuary involves the investigative judgment,
which will be followed by the plagues, and Christ's coming. This period,
therefore, determines the time of restoration and of judgment.
18. What is said of those who live to see the deliverance from
modern Babylon, and the restoration of the true gospel?
"Blessed is he that waiteth, and cometh to the thousand
three hundred and five and thirty days." Dan. 12: 12.
A.D. A.D.
508 THE 1335 YEARS 1893

NOTE.- The 1335 days (years) of Dan. 12: 12 are evidently a con-
tinuation of the 1290 days (years) of the previous verse, which commence
with the taking away of the mediation of Christ, in the period 503-508 A. D.
See under question 22 in reading on "The Vicar of Christ," page 152.
The 1335 days, or years, would therefore extend to the period 1838-43,
the time of the preaching of the judgment-hour, in preparation for the
cleansing of the sanctuary, and the accompanying work at the end of the
2300 days, or years, of Dan. 8: 14. At that time special blessings were to
come upon those who were delivered from the errors and bondage of Rome,
and had their minds directed anew to the mediation of Christ as the great
High Priest in the heavenly sanctuary.
GENERAL Nam ON THE PROPHECIES OF DANIEL.- The second chap-
ter of Daniel presents in brief outline the divine program of history leading
up to the establishment of the everlasting kingdom of God. The seventh
chapter of Daniel presents somewhat more in detail the history of those
earthly kingdoms which were to precede the establishment of the kingdom
of God, the objective point of the prophecy being the little horn and its
effort to change the laws and ordinances of God, and to destroy the sub-
jects of the heavenly kingdom. The period allotted to the supremacy of
this power, the Papacy (the 1260 years), is also indicated. The prophecy
of the eighth chapter of Daniel covers the period from the restoration
era in the time of the Persian kings and the establishment of the people
of God in their own land, to the restoration era just preceding the second
advent of Christ and the setting up of His everlasting kingdom. In this
chapter the leading theme is the effort of the Papacy to substitute its own
mediatorial system for the mediatorial work of Christ, and the announce-
ment of a prophetic period (the 2300 years), at the end of which the coun-
 A GREAT PROPHETIC PERIOD 165
terfeit system introduced by the Papacy was to be fully exposed. The re-
maining chapters of Daniel supplement the prophecies of the second,
seventh, and eighth chapters, and show that at the end of the first portion
of the 2300-year period (the 70 weeks, or 490 years) Messiah was to appear
and be cut off, following which would come the destruction of Jerusalem.
In the closing chapter two new periods are introduced (the 1290 years
and the 1335 years), at the end of which, as with the 2300 years, was to
come the movement preparatory to the setting up of God's everlasting
kingdom in the earth, in harmony with the prophecies of the second and
seventh chapters.

THE ATONEMENT IN TYPE AND ANTITYPE

1. WHAT did God, through Moses, command Israel to make?
"And let them make Me a sanctuary; that I may dwell among
them." Ex. 25: 8.
2. What was offered in this sanctuary?
"In which were offered both gifts and sacrifices." Heb. 9: 9.
3. Besides the court, how many parts had this sanctuary?
"And the veil shall divide unto you between the holy place
and the most holy." Ex. 26: 33.
4. What was in the first apartment, or holy place?
"For there was a tabernacle made; the first, wherein was
the candlestick, and the table, and the showbread; which is called
the sanctuary." Heb. 9: 2. "And he put the golden altar in
the tent of the congregation before the veil." Ex. 40:26. See
also Ex. 30: 1-6.
5. What was contained in the second apartment?
"And after the second veil, the tabernacle which is called
the holiest of all; which had the golden censer, and the ark of the
covenant overlaid round about with gold, wher ein was . . .
the tables of the covenant." Heb. 9: 3, 4. See also Ex. 40:20, 21..
6. By what name was the cover of the ark known?
"And thou shalt put the mercy-seat above upon the ark; and
in the ark thou shalt put the testimony that I shall give thee."
Ex. 25: 21.
7. Where was God to meet with Israel?
"And there I will meet with thee, and I will commune with
thee from above the mercy-seat, from between the two cherubim
which are upon the ark of the testimony." Verse 22.
8. What was in the ark, under the mercy-seat?
166 BIBLE READINGS

"And He wrote on the tables, according to the first writing,

the ten commandments.. . . And I turned myself and came
down from the mount, and put the tables in the ark which I had
made." Deut. 10:4, 5.
9. When .did the priest minister in the first apartment of
"Now these things having been thus prepared, the priests
go in continually into the first tabernacle, accomplishing the
services." Heb. 9: 6, R. V.
10. Who alone went into the second apartment, how often,
and for what purpose?
"But into the second went the high priest alone once every
year, not without blood, which he offered for himself, and for the
errors of the people." Verse 7.
11. What were sinners desiring pardon instructed to do?
"And if any one of the common people sin through igno-
rance, while he doeth somewhat against any of the command-
ments of the Lord . . . then he shall bring his offering, a
kid of the goats, a female without blemish, for his sin which he
bath sinned. And he shall lay his hand upon the head of the sin-
offering, and slay the sin-offering in the place of the burnt offer-
ing." Lev. 4: 27-29.
Nois.— According to this, if a man sinned in Israel, he violated one
of the ten commandments that were in the ark under the mercy-seat.
These commandments are the foundation of God's government. To vio-
late them is to commit sin, and so become subject to death. 1 John 3:
4; Rom. 6:23. But there was a mercy-seat reared above these holy and
just commandments. In the dispensation of His mercy, God grants the
sinner the privilege of confessing his sins, and bringing a substitute to
meet the demands of the law, and thus of obtaining mercy.
12. What was done with the blood of the offering?
"And, the priest shall take of the blood thereof with his
finger, and put it upon the horns of the altar of burnt offering,
and shall pour out all the blood thereof at the bottom of the altar."
Verse 30.
NOTE.- After a person discovered his sin by the law.which demanded
the death of the transgressor, he first brought his offering, then he con-
fessed his sin while laying his hands on the head of the victim, thus, in
figure, transferring his sin to the victim; the victim was next slain in the
court, or outer part of the sanctuary, and its blood put on the horns of the
altar and poured at the foot of the altar. In this way sins were pardoned,
and, in the typical service, transferred to the sanctuary.
13. After the accumulation of the sins of the year in this
way, what service took place on the tenth day of the seventh
month of each year?
 THE ATONEMENT IN TYPE AND ANTI2'YPE 167
"And this shall be a statute forever unto you: that in the
seventh month, on the tenth day of the month, ye shall afflict
your souls, . . . for on that day shall the priest make an
atonement for you, to cleanse you, that ye may be clean from all
your sins before the Lord." Lev. 16: 29, 30.
14. How was the sanctuary itself to be cleansed, and how
were the sins of the people to be finally disposed of?
"And he [the high priest] shall take of the congregation of
the children of Israel two kids of the goats for a sin-offering.
. . . And he shall take the two goats, and present them be-
fore the Lord at the door of the tabernacle of the congregation.
And Aaron shall cast lots upon the two goats, one lot for the
Lord, and the other lot for the scapegoat." Verses 5-8.
Nopa.— The Hebrew word for scapegoat is Azazel. See margin of
verse 8. It is used as a proper name, and, according to the opinion of the
most ancient Hebrews and Christians, refers to Satan, or the angel who
revolted and persisted in rebellion and sin.
15. What was done with the blood of the goat upon which
the Lord's lot fell?
"Then shall he kill the goat of the sin-offering, that is for
the people, and bring his blood within the veil, . . . and
sprinkle it upon the mercy-seat, and before the mercy-seat."
Verse 15.
16. Why was it necessary to make this atonement?
"And he shall make an atonement for the holy place, be-
cause of the uncleanness of the children of Israel, and because of
their transgressions in all their sins: and so shall he do for the
tabernacle of the congregation, that remaineth among them in
the midst of their uncleanness." Verse 16.
NOTE.- Sins were conveyed into the sanctuary during the year by
the blood of the personal sin-offerings offered daily at the door of the
tabernacle. Here they remained until the day of atonement, when the
high priest went into the most holy place with the blood of the goat on
which the Lord's lot fell; and, bearing the accumulated sins of the year
in before the mercy-seat, he there, in type, atoned for them, and so cleansed
the sanctuary.
17. After having made atonement for the people in the most
holy place, what did the high priest next do?
"And when he hath made an end of reconciling the holy
place, and the tabernacle of the congregation, and the altar, he
shall bring the live goat: and Aaron shall lay oth his hands upon
the load of the live goat, and confess over him all the iniquities of
the children of Israel, and all their transgressions in all their sins,
putting them upon the head of the goat, and shall send him away
by the hand of a fit man into the wilderness." Verses 20, 21.
168 BIBLE READINGS

Nova.— The offering of the Lord's goat cleansed the sanctuary. By

this offering the sins of the people, transferred there during the year, were,
in type, atoned for; but they were not by this offering finally disposed of,
or destroyed. The scapegoat, symbolizing Satan, the great tempter and
originator of sin, was brought to the sanctuary, and upon his head were
placed all these sins which Satan had tempted God's people to commit.

,..18,..3Whatfulaidispositioilwasolade of the sineoLthe people?

"And the goat shall bear upon him all their iniquities unto a
land not inhabited: and he shall let go the goat in the wilderness."
Verse 22.
19. What was this earthly sanctuary and its round of service?
"Which was a figure for the time then present." Heb. 9: 9.
20. Of what sanctuary, or tabernacle, is Christ the minister?
"A minister of the sanctuary, and of the true tabernacle,
which the Lord pitched, and not man." Heb. 8: 2.
21. Of what was the blood of all the sacrifices of the former
dispensation only a type?
"Neither by the blood of goats and calves, but by His own
blood He entered in once into the holy place, having obtained
eternal redemption for us." Heb. 9: 12.. See Eph. 5: 2.
NOTE.— Through the sacrifices and offerings brought to the altar of
the earthly sanctuary, the penitent believer was to lay hold of the merits
of Christ, the Saviour to come. In this way, and in this way only, was
there any virtue connected with them.
22. At the death of Christ, what miraculous occurrence
signified that the priestly work and services of the earthly
sanctuary were finished?
"Jesus, when He had cried again with a loud voice, yielded
up the ghost. And, behold, the veil of the temple was rent in
twain from the top to the bottom." Matt. 27: 50, 51.
NOTES.— Type had met antitype; the shadow had reached the sub-
stance. Christ, the great sacrifice, had been slain, and was about to enter
upon His final work as our great high priest in the sanctuary in heaven.
The priestly work in the earthly sanctuary was typical of the work of
Christ in the heavenly sanctuary. In the earthly, the atonement was
performed on the last day of the ceremonial year. All who did not then
have their sins atoned for were "cut off," and the camp was cleansed from
sin. The atonement day was virtually a day of judgment for Israel, and
the people whose sins had been atoned for were free from sin, and could
enter upon the services of the new year clean in the sight of God. This
work was kept up year after year. In the heavenly sanctuary, the sacri-
fice is offered but once; and but one atonement, or cleansing of the heavenly
sanctuary, can be made, which must take place at the time assigned of
God for it. And when the great atonement, or cleansing, of the heavenly
sanctuary has been made, God's people will be forever free from sin, and
 TM: ATONEMENT IN TYPE AND ANTITYPE 169
the fate of all will be forever sealed. See Rev. 22: 11. This, as in the
type will be a day of judgment.
The round of service in the earthly sanctuary was God's service. It
had to do with the sins of the people; not that the blood of the sacrifices
offered there could in itself take away their sins, for it is expressly said that
it could not. Heb. 10:4. It could, however, show their faith in the
efficacy of Christ's blood yet to be spilled, and to which the sanctuary work
was intended constantly to direct their minds. The work there was a
type, or shadow, of Christ's atoning work, and, as such, carries with it a
significance that cannot be overestimated. Upon a correct understanding
of the type depends a correct understanding of the antitype. The entire
sanctuary service was an object-lesson of most important and vital gospel
truth,— that of man's salvation and the atonement of sin.
23. What relation does the earthly sanctuary sustain to
the heavenly?
"Who serve unto the example and shadow of heavenly
things, as Moses was admonished of God when he was about to
make the tabernacle: for, See, saith He, that thou make all
things according to the pattern showed to thee in the mount."
Heb. 8: 5.
24. By what comparison is it shown that the heavenly
sanctuary will be cleansed?
"It was therefore necessary that the patterns of things in
the heavens should be purified with these; but the heavenly things
themselves with better sacrifices than these." Heb. 9: 23.
25. When Christ has finished His priestly mediatorial work
in the heavenly sanctuary, what decree will go forth?
"He that is unjust, let him be unjust still: and he which is
filthy, let him be filthy still: and he that is righteous, let him be
righteous still: and he that is holy, let him be holy still." Rev.
22: 11.
• 26. What event is directly connected with the blotting out
of sin and the final refreshing from God's presence?
"Repent ye therefore, and be converted, that your sins may
be blotted out, when the times of refreshing shall come from
the presence of the Lord; and He shall send Jesus Christ, which
before was preached unto you: whom the heaven must receive
until the times of restitution of all things, which God hath
spoken by the mouth of all His holy prophets since the world
began." Acts 3: 19-21.
27. According to the view of the judgment presented to
Daniel, what is to be given to Christ while still before the
Father?
"I saw . . . and, behold, one like the Son of man came
370 BIBLE READINGS
. . . to the Ancient of days, and they brought Him near
before Him. And there was given Him dominion, and glory,
and a kindom, that all people, nations, and languages, should
serve Him." Dan. 7: 13, 14.
28..,Witat will occur when the Lord descends from heaven?
"For the Lord Himself shall descend Trott heaven witiv-a
shout, with the voice of the archangel, and with the trump of
God: and the dead in Christ shall rise first: then we which are alive
and remain shall be caught up together with them in the clouds, to
meet the Lord in the air: and so shall we ever be with the Lord."
1 Thess. 4: 16, 17.
29. What statement immediately following the announce-
ment mentioned in Rev. 22: 11, indicates that a judgment
work had been in progress before Christ comes?
"And, behold, I come quickly; and My reward is with Mr; to
give every man according as his work shall be." Rev. 22: 12.
NOTE.— The typical sanctuary service is fully met in the work of
Christ. As the atonement day of the former dispensation was really a
day of judgment, so the atonement work of Christ will include the in-
vestigation of the cases of His people prior to His coming the second time
to receive them unto Himself.
30. Is there a specified time for the cleansing of the heavenly
sanctuary?
"And he said unto me, Unto two thousand and three hundred
days; then shall the sanctuary be cleansed." Dan. 8: 14.
31. How may one know that this does not refer to the
earthly sanctuary?
"He said unto me, Understand, 0 son of man: for at the
time of the end shall be the vision." Verse 17.
NOTE.— The prophetic period of 2300 days (years) extends to 1844
A. D., while the divinely appointed services of the earthly sanctuary ceased
at the cross (Dan. 9: 27; Matt. 27: 50, 51), and the sanctuary itself was
destroyed in 70 A. n., when Titus captured Jerusalem. For explanation of
the period here mentioned, see the preceding reading.

THE JUDGMENT
1. WHAT assurance have we that there will be a judgment?
"God . . . hath appointed a day, in the which He will
judge the world." Acts 17: 30, 31.
2. Was the judgment still future in Paul's day?
"As he reasoned of righteousness, temperance, and judg-
ment to come, Felix trembled." Acts 24: 25.
 THE JUDGMENT 171
3. How many must meet the test of the judgment?
" I said in mine heart, God shall judge the righteous and the
wicked." Ecci. 3: 17. "For we must all appear before the judg-
ment-seat of Christ; that every one may receive the things done
in his body, according to that he hath done, whether it be good
or bad." 2 Cor. 5: 10.
4. What reason did Solomon give for urging all to fear God
and keep His commandments?
"For God shall bring every work into judgment, with every
secret thing, whether it be good, or whether it be evil." Eccl.
12: 14.
5. What view of the judgment scene was given Daniel?
"I beheld till the thrones were cast down [placed, R. V.],
and the Ancient of days did sit, whose garment was white as
snow, and the hair of His head like the pure wool: His throne was
like the fiery flame, and His wheels as burning fire. A fiery
stream issued and came forth from before Him: thousand
thousands ministered unto Him, and ten thousand times ten
thousand stood before Him: the judgment was set, and the
books were opened." Dan. 7: 9, 10.
6. Out of what will all be judged?
"And the books were opened: and another book was opened,
which is the book of life : and the dead were judged out of those
things which were written in the books, according to their. works."
Rev. 20: 12.
7. For whom has a book of remembranCe been written?
"Then they that feared the Lord spake often one to another:
and the Lord harkened, and heard it, and a book of remembrance
was written before Him for them that feared the Lord, and that
thought upon His name." Mal. 3: 16. See Rev. 20: 12.
8. Who opens the judgment and presides over it?
"I beheld till the thrones were cast down [placed], and the
Ancient of days did sit." Dan. 7: 9.
9. Who minister to God, and assist in the judgment?
"Thousand thousands [of angels] ministered unto Him, and
ten thousand times ten thousand stood befOre Him." Verse
10. See Rev. 5: 11.
10. Who is brought before the Father at this time?
" I saw in the night-visions, and, behold, one like the Son of
172 BIBLE READINGS
man came with the clouds of heaven, and came to the Ancient
of days, and they brought Him near before Him." Dan. 7: 13.
11. What does Christ as the advocate of His people confess
before the Father and His angels?
"He that overcometh, the same shall be clothed in white
raiment; and I will not blot out his name outof the book of life,
but I will confess his name before My Father, and before His
angels." Rev. 3: 5. See Matt. 10:32, 33;kar 8:38.
Nom— During this judgment scene, both the righteous and the
wicked dead are still in their graves. The record of each one's life, however,
is in the books of heaven, and by that record their characters and deeds
are well known. Christ is there to appear in behalf of those who have
chosen Him as their advocate. 1 John 2: 1. He presents His blood, as
He appeals. for their sins to be blotted from the books of record. As the
place of judgment is in heaven, where God's throne is, and as Christ is
present in person, it follows that the work of judgment is also in heaven.
All are judged by the record of their lives, and thus answer for the deeds
done in the body. This work will not only decide forever the cases of the
dead, but will also close the probation of all who are living, after which
Christ will come to take to Himself those who have been found loyal to Him.
12. After the subjects of the kingdom have been determined
by the investigative judgment, what is given to Christ?
"And there was given Him dominion, and glory, and a king-
dom, that all people, nations, and languages, should serve Him."
Dan. 7: 14.
13. When He comes the second time, what title will He bear?
"And He hath on His vesture and on His thigh a name
written, King of kings, and Lord of lords." Rev. 19: 16.
14. What will lit then do for each one?
"For the Son of man shall come in the glory of His Father
with His angels; and then He shall reward every man according
to his works." Matt. 16: 27. See also Rev. 22: 12.
15. Where will Christ then take His people?
"In My Father's house are many mansions: if it were not so,
I would have told you. I go to prepare a place for you. And
if I go and prepare a place for you, I will come again, and receive
you unto Myself; that where I am, there ye may be also." John
14: 2, 3.
16. How many of the dead will be raised?
"For the hour is coming, in the which all that are in the
graves shall hear His voice, and shall come forth; they that have
done good, unto the resurrection of life; and they that have
done evil, unto the resurrection of damnation." John 5: 28,
29. See also Acts 24: 15.
 THE JUDGMENT 173
17. What time intervenes between the twb resurrections?
"And I saw the souls of them that were beheaded for the wit-
ness of Jesus, and for the word of God, and which had not wor-
shiped the beast, neither his image, neither had received his
mark upon their foreheads, or in their hands; and they lived and
reigned with Christ a thousand years. But the rest of the dead
lived not again until the thousand years were finished." Rev.
20:4, 5.
18. What work did Daniel see finally assigned to the saints?
"I beheld, and the same horn made war with the saints,
and prevailed against them; until the Ancient of days came, and
judgment was given to the saints of the Most High; and the time
came that the saints possessed the kingdom." Dan. 7:21, 22.
19.How long will the saints engage in this work of judgment?
"And I saw thrones, and they sat upon them and judgment
was given unto them: . . . and they lived and reigned with
Christ a thousand years." Rev. 20:4.
20. Who will thus be judged by the saints?
"Do ye not know that the saints shall judge the world? and if
the world shall be judged by you, are ye unworthy to judge the
smallest matters? Know ye not that we shall judge angels?
how much more things that pertain to this life?' 1 Cor. 6:
2, 3.
21. How will the decisions of the judgment be executed?
"And out of His [Christ's] mouth goeth a sharp sword, that
with it He should smite the nations: and He shall rule them with
a rod of iron: and. He treadeth the wine-press of the fierceness
and wrath of Almighty God." Rev. 19: 15.
22. Why is the execution of the judgment given to Christ?
"For as the Father bath life in Himself; so hath He given to
the Son to have life in Himself ; and bath given Him authority
to execute judgment also, because He is the Son of man." John
5: 26, 27.
23. How was the opening of the judgment to be made known
to the world?
"And I saw another angel fly in the midst of heaven, having
the everlasting gospel to preach unto them that dwell on the
earth, and to every nation, andlindred, and tongue, and people,
saying with a loud voice, Fear God, and give glory to Him; for the
hour of His judgment is come." Rev. 14: 6, 7.
174 BIBLE READINGS

Nora.— There are three phases of the judgment mentioned in the

Scriptures,— the investigative judgment, preceding the second advent;
the judgment of the lost world and wicked angels by Christ and the saints
during the one thousand years following the second advent; and the ex-
ecutive judgment, or punishment of the wicked at the close of this period.
The ieyeetige,kixe. ill4u ent ,takes place in heaven before Christ comes,
in order to ascertain w o are ivbitilito'lielgiThealtrthe litrSt rettutietticiii,
at His coming, and who among the living are to be changed in the twin-
kling of an eye, at the sound of the last trump. It is necessary for this to
take place before the second advent, as there will be no time for such a
work between the coming of Christ and the raising of the righteous dead.
The executive judgment on the wicked occurs after their cases have been
examined by the saints during the thousand years. Rev. 20:4, 5; 1 Cor.
6:1,3. The investigative judgment is that which is announced to the
world by the angel's message of Rev. 14:6, 7.

THE JUDGMENT-HOUR MESSAGE

1. WHAT prophetic view of the judgment was given Daniel?
"I beheld till the thrones were cast down [placed]; and the
Ancient of days did sit: . . . thousand thousands min-
istered unto Him, and ten thousand times ten thousand stood
before Him: the judgment was set, and the books were opened."
Dan. 7: 9, 10.
2. What assurance has God given of the judgment?
"Because He hath appointed a day, in the which He will judge
the world in righteousness by that man whom He hath ordained ;
whereof He hath given assurance unto all men, in that He hath
raised Him from the dead." Acts 17: 31.
3. What message announces the judgment-hour come?
"And I saw another angel fly in the midst of heaven, having
the everlasting gospel to preach unto them that dwell on the
earth, and to every nation, and kindred, and tongue, and people,
saying with a loud voice, Fear God, and give glory to Him; for
the hour of His judgment is come: and worship Him that made
heaven, and earth, and the sea, and the fountains of waters."
Rev. 14: 6, 7.
4. In view of the judgment-hour, what is proclaimed anew?
"The everlasting gospel." Verse 6, first part.
5. How extensively is this message to be proclaimed?
"To every nation, and kindred, and tongue, and people."V. 6.
6. What is the whole world called upon to do?
"Fear God, and give glory to Him." Verse 7.
7. What special reason is given for this?
 THE JUDGMENT-HOUR MESSAGE 175
"For the hour of His judgment is come." Same verse.
8. Whom are all called upon to worship?
"Him that made heaven, and earth." Same verse.
NOTE.-- There is only one gospel (Rom. 1:16, 17; Gal. 1: 8), first
announced in Eden (Gen. 3: 15), preached to Abraham (Gal. 3: 8) and to
the children of Israel (Heb. 4: 1, 2), and proclaimed anew in every gener-
ation. In its development, the gospel meets the needs of every crisis in
the world's history. John the Baptist in his preaching announced the
kingdom of heaven at hand (Matt. 3: 1, 2), and prepared the way for the
first advent. John 1:22, 23. Christ Himself in His preaching of the
gospel announced the fulfilment of a definite-time prophecy (the sixty-nine
weeks, or 483 years, of Dan. 9: 25), and called the people to repentance,
in view of the coming of the predicted Messiah. Mark 1: 14, 15. So when
the time of the judgment comes, and Christ's second advent is near a
world-wide announcement of these events is 'to be made in the preaching
of the everlasting gospel adapted to meet the need of the hour.
9. What prophetic periods extends to the time of the cleans-
ing of the sanctuary, or the investigative judgment?
"And he said unto me, Unto two thousand and three hundred
days; then shall the sanctuary be cleansed." Dan. 8: 14.
10. When did this long period expire?
In A. D. 1844. See reading on page 158.
NOTE.-- Our Lord based His preaching of the gospel upon the fulfil-
ment of the first part of the 2300 days, or years (Mark 1: 14, 15), a prophecy
which'determined the time of the first advent. The whole period extends
to the time of the judgment, just preceding the second advent, and at its
expiration a special gospel message is sent to all the world proclaiming the
judgment-hour at hand, and calling upon all to worship the Creator. The
facts of history answer to this interpretation of the prophecy, for at this
very time (1844) just such a message was being proclaimed in various parts
of the world. This was the beginning of the great second advent message
which is now being proclaimed throughout the world.
11. How is the true God distinguished from all false gods?
"Thus shall ye say unto them, The gods that have not made
the heavens and the earth, even they shall perish from the earth.
. . He [the true God] hath made the earth by His power, He
hath established the world by His wisdom, and hath stretched out
the heavens by His discretion." Jer. 10: 11, 12.
12. For what reason is worship justly due to God?
"For the Lord is a great God, and a great King above all
gods. . . . The sea is His, and He made it: and His hands formed
the dry land. 0 come, let us worship and bow down: let us kneel
before the Lord our laker." Ps. 95: 3-6.
13. Why do the inhabitants of heaven worship God?
176 BIBLE READINGS

"The four and twenty elders fall down before Him, . . .

saying, Thou art worthy, 0 Lord, to receive glory and honor
and power: for Thou hast created all things, and for Thy pleasure
they are and were created." Rev. 4: 10, 11.
What memorial dict God-establish of His 'creative power?
"Remember the Sabbath day, to keep it holy. . . . For in
six days the Lord made heaven and earth, the sea, and all that in
them is, and rested the seventh day: wherefore the Lord blessed
the Sabbath day, and hallowed it." Ex. 20: 8-11.
15. What place has the Sabbath in the work of salvation?
"Moreover also I gave them My Sabbaths, to be a sign be-
tween Me and them, that they might know that I am the Lord
that sanctify them." Eze. 20: 12.
16. How many are concerned'in the judgment?
"For we must all appear before the judgment-seat of Christ;
that every one may receive the things done in his body, accord-
ing to that he hath done, whether it be good or bad." 2 Cor. 5: 10.
17. What will be the standard in the judgment?
"For whosoever shall keep the whole law, and yet offend in
one point, he is guilty of all. For He that said, Do not commit
adultery, said also, Do not kill. Now if thou commit no adul-
tery, yet if thou kill, thou art become a transgressor of the law.
So speak ye, and so do, as they that shall be judged by the law
of liberty." James 2: 10-12.
18. In view of the judgment, what exhortation is given?
"Let us hear the conclusion of the whole matter: Fear God,
and keep His commandments: for this is the whole duty of man.
For God shall bring every work into judgment, with every
secret thing, whether it be good, or whether it be evil." Eccl.
12: 13, 14.
NOTE.- A comparison of Rev. 14:7 with Eccl. 12: 13, 14, suggests
that the way to give glory to God is to keep His commandments, and that
in giving the judgment-hour message,i the duty of keeping the command-
ments would be emphasized. This s plainly shown in the description
given of the people who'are gathered out of every nation, kindred, tongue,
and people as the result of the preaching of this message, in connection
with the other messages which immediately follow and accompany it.
Of this people it is said, "Here are they that keep the commandments of
God, and the faith of Jesus." Rev. 14: 12.
 THE FALL OF MODERN BABYLON
1. WHAT announcement immediately follows the judgment-
hour message of Rev. 14: 6, 7 ?
"And there followed another angel, saying, Babylon is fallen,
is fallen, that great city." Rev. 14: 8, first part.
2. What reason is assigned for the fall of Babylon?
"Because she made all nations drink of the wine of the wrath
of her fornication." Same verse, last part.
3. How was the overthrow of ancient Babylon foretold?
"And Babylon, the glory of kingdoms, the beauty of the
Chaldees' excellency, shall be as when God overthrew Sodom and
Gomorrah." Isa. 13: 19.
4. What call was made to come out of Babylon?
"Flee out of the midst of Babylon, and deliver every man his
soul: be not cut off in her iniquity; for this is the time of the Lord's
vengeance; He will render unto her a recompense." Jer. 51: 6.
5. What did ancient Babylon do to all the nations?
"Babylon hath been a golden cup in the Lord's hand, that
made all the earth drunken: the nations have drunken of her
wine; therefore the nations are mad." Verse 7.
6. What was the effect of this apostasy?
"Babylon is suddenly fallen and destroyed: howl for her;
take balm for her pain, if so be she may be healed." Verse 8.
7. Just before the fall of Babylon, what did her king do?
"Belshazzar the king made a great feast to a thousand of his
lords, and drank wine before the thousand." Dan. 5: 1.
8. By what command did the king repudiate the religion
taught in Babylon by Daniel and others who feared God?
"Belshazzar, whiles he tasted the wine, commanded to bring
the golden and silver vessels which his father Nebuchadnezzar
had taken out of the temple which was in Jerusalem; that the
king, and his princes, his wives, and his concubines, might
drink therein." Verse 2.
9. What marked the climax of Babylon's apostasy?
"Then they brought the golden vessels that were taken out
of the temple of the house of God which was at Jerusalem; and
12 [1771
178 BIBLE READINGS
the king, and his princes, his wives, and his concubines, drank
in them." Verse 3.
10. While drinking the wine, what gods did they honor?
"They drank wine, and praised the gods of gold, and of silver,
of brass, of iron, of Wog; arorston-e:"" Vers'e —-
11. What immediately followed this complete apostasy?
"In that night was Belshazzar the king of the Chaldeans
slain. And Darius the Median took the kingdom, being about
threescore and two years old." Verses 30, 31.
Now.— The gospel of the kingdom was preached in Babylon (see
reading on "The Gospel of the Kingdom," page 140), and Nebuchadnezzar
was brought to acknowledge and to worship the true God. But after the
death of Nebuchadnezzar, Babylon relapsed into idolatry again, and this
apostasy was rendered hopeless when Belshazzar used the sacred vessels
from the house of God, dedicated to the worship of God, in which to
drink the wine of Babylon while worship was offered to the false gods.
Then came the handwriting on the wall, and the fall of ancient Babylon.
12. In the visions of John, what interpretation is given to
the woman who sat upon many waters?
"And the woman which thou sawest is that great city, which
reigneth over the kings of the earth." Rev. 17: 18.
NOTE.- The great city which reigned over the kings of the earth
in John's time was Rome, and that city has given its name to the church
which is represented by the woman, the Church of Rome, or the Papacy.
13. In this same prophecy, how is the Church of Rome, the.
Papacy, .designated as the antitype of ancient Babylon?
"And upon her forehead was a name written, MYSTERY,
BABYLON THE GREAT, THE MOTHER OF HARLOTS
AND ABOMINATIONS OF THE EARTH." Verse 5.
14. What specific statement emphasizes this identification?
"With whom the kings of the earth have committed forni-
cation, and the inhabitants of the earth have been made drunk
with the wine of her fornication." Verse 2. See verse 4.
Norm.— The Church of Rome is called Babylon, and its religion
is a revival of the religion of ancient Babylon. She claims a priesthood
with exceptional powers and privileges, just as did ancient Babylon.
Through the dogma of the immaculate conception of the Virgin Mary, she
denies that God in Christ dwelt in the same flesh as fallen man has, just
as ancient Babylon did. See Dan. 2: 11. She claims universal spiritual
jurisdiction, and demands submission under pains and penalties, just as
ancient Babylon did. See Daniel 3. She repudiates the fundamental
gospel truth of justification by faith, and boasts of works, just as ancient
Babylon did. See Dan. 4:30. A careful comparison of the ritual of
ancient and modern Babylon shows that the latter is copied from the
 THE FALL OF MODERN BABYLON 179
former; and it is easy to trace the connection historically through the
paganism of political Rome.
"On the overthrow of Babylon by the Persians, who nourished a tradi-
tional hatred for its idolatry, the Chaldean priesthood fled to Pergamos, in
Asia Minor, and made it the headquarters of their religion. . . . The
last pontiff king of Pergamos was Attalus III, who at his death bequeathed
his dominions and authority to the Roman people, 133 B. c., and from that
time the two lines of Pontifex Maximus were merged in the Roman one."—
"The False Christ," J. Gamier, London, George Allen, 1900,Vol. I I ,pp.94,95.
15. What did Jesus say of the sacramental wine?
"This cup is the new covenant in My blood." Luke 22:
20, R. V.
16. What is the essential teaching of the new covenant?
"For this is the covenant that I will make with the house of
Israel after those days, saith the Lord; I will put My laws into
their mind, and write them in their hearts: and I will be to them a
God, and they shall be to Me a people." Heb. 8: 10.
17. When Christ thus ministers the law in the heart, what
does it become?
For the law of the Spirit of life in Christ Jesus bath made
me free from the law of sin and death. For what the law could
not do, in that it was weak through the flesh, God sending His
own Son in the likeness of sinful flesh, and for sin, condemned
sin in the flesh: that the righteousness of the law might be ful-
filled in us, who walk not after the flesh, but after the Spirit."
Rom. 8: 2-4.
18. In what other statement is this same truth expressed?
"It is the spirit that quickeneth; the flesh profiteth nothing:
the words that I speak unto you, they are spirit, and they are
life." John 6: 63.
19. What kind of teaching have men substituted for the
words which are spirit and life?
"Howbeit in vain do they worship Me, teaching for doctrines
the commandments of men. . . . And He said unto them,
Full well ye reject the commandment of God, that ye may keep
your own tradition." Mark 7: 7-9.
ThArP ,
are twncups PIT of the Lnrd and the cup of
the

Babylon. The wine in the Lord's cup represents the living truth, "as
the truth is in Jesus;" the wine in the cup of Babylon represents her false
doctrines, her substitution of human tradition for the living word and law
of God, and the illicit connection which she has made between the church
and the secular power, depending upon politica1 power to enforce her teach-
ings, rather than upon the power of God. By this very thing, while main-
ta,unng a form of godliness, she denies the power thereof. 2 Tim. 1-5.
180 BIBLE READINGS
The following quotation states the position of that church in regard to
tradition: "Though these two divine streams [the Bible and tradition] are
in themselves, on account of their divine origin, of equal sacredness, and
are both full of revealed truths, still, of the two, tradition is to us more clear
and safe."—"Catholic Belief," Rev. Joseph Fact Di Bruno, D. D. (Roman
Catholic), page 45.
The substitution of the law of the church for the law of God, in fulfil-
mentlifthez mph-m.0n 4Dstvit,26,timatiftertry the ttonitilttelnbardinittitifr
of the Word of Gad to the authority of the church. The world-wide teach-
ing of these doctrines in place of the pure gospel has led the world astray,
and has made all the nations drink of the wine of her fornication. The
Reformation of the sixteenth century was an effort to return to the pure
truths of God's Word. In this the Reformers denied the supremacy of
tradition over the Bible.
20. What relation does the Church of Rome sustain to other
apostate churches?
"And upon her forehead was a name written, MYSTERY,
BABYLON THE GREAT, THE MOTHER OF HARLOTS
AND ABOMINATIONS OF THE EARTH." Rev. 17:5.
NOTES.- In the creed of Pope Pius IV, an authoritative statement of
Roman Catholic belief, is found this statement: "I acknowledge the Holy
Catholic Apostolic Church for the mother and mistress of all churches."
-- Article 10. When the professed Protestant churches repudiate the
fundamental principle of Protestantism by setting aside the authority of
God's Word, and accepting tradition and human speculation in its place,
they adopt the fundamental principle of modern Babylon, and may be re-
garded as the daughters of Babylon. Their fall is then included in the
fall of Babylon, and, calls for a proclamation of the fall of modern Babylon.
Many representatives of modern Protestantism have, in one way or
another, rejected many fundamental doctrines of the Bible, such as,—
The fall of man.
The Bible doctrine of sin.
The infallibility of the Scriptures.
The sufficiency of the Scriptures as a rule of faith and practise.
The Deity of Christ, and His consequent headship over the church.
The miraculous conception and the virgin birth of our Lord.
The resurrection of Christ from the grave.
The vicarious, expiatory, and propitiatory atonement of Christ.
Salvation by grace through faith in the Lord Jesus Christ.
Regeneration by the power of the Holy Ghost.
The efficacy of the all-prevailing name of Christ in prayer.
The ministration and guardianship of holy angels.
Miracles as the direct manifestation and interposition of God's power.
Although many leaders of modern Protestantism known as higher
critics have not formally adopted the creed of the Church of Rome, and
have not become an organic part of that body, yet they belong to the same
class in rejecting the authority of God's Word, and accepting in its place
the product of their own reasonings. There is just as much apostasy in
the one case as in the other, and both must therefore be included in Baby-
lon, and both will go down in the fall of Babylon. The warning message
applies with equal force to both classes.
21. To what extent is the apostasy, or fall, of modern Baby-
lon, the mother, and of her daughters, to be carried?
 THE FALL OF MODERN BABYLON 181
"And after these things I saw another angel come down
from heaven, having great power; and the earth was lightened
with his glory. And he cried mightily with a strong voice,
saying, Babylon the great is fallen, is fallen, and is become the
habitation of devils, and the hold of every foul spirit, and a cage of
every unclean and hateful bird. For all nations have drunk of
the wine of the wrath of her fornication, and the kings of the
earth have committed fornication with her, nd the merchants
of the earth are waxed rich through the abundance of her deli-
cacies." Rev. 18: 1-3.
Nom.— In its largest sense, Babylon includes all false religions —
all apostasy. The gospel message announcing her final overthrow should
be a cause of rejoicing to every lover of truth and righteousness.
22. What final call to come out of Babylon is to go forth?
"And I heard another voice from heaven, saying, Come. out
of her, My people, that ye be not partakers of her sins, and that ye
receive not of her plagues. For her sins have reached unto
heaven, and God hath remembered her iniquities." Verses4, 5.
23. How complete is to be the fall of modern Babylon?
"And a mighty angel took up a stone like a great millstone, and
cast it into the sea, saying, Thus with violence shall that great city
Babylon be thrown down, and shall be found no more at all. . .
And in her was found the blood of prophets, and of saints, and
of all that were slain upon the earth." Verses 21-24.
24. What song of triumph follows the overthrow of Babylon?
" Alleluia: for the Lord God omnipotent reigneth. Let us
be glad and rejoice, and give honor to Him." Rev. 19: 6, 7.

THE CLOSING GOSPEL MESSAGE

A WARNING AGAINST FALSE WORSHIP
1. WHAT indicates that the messages of the judgment-hour
and the fall of Babylon are two parts of a threefold Message?
"And the third angel followed them, saying with a loud voice."
Rev. 14: 9, first clause.
2. What apostasy from the worship of Godis 'namedni this
message?
"If any man worship the beast and his image, and receive his
mark in his forehead, or in his hand." Same verse, last part:
3. What is to be the fate of those who, instead of worshiping
Godi, engage in this false worship?
182 BIBLE READINGS
"The same shall drink of the wine of the wrath of God, which
is poured out without mixture into the cup of His indignation;
and he shall be tormented with fire and brimstone in the pres-
ence of the holy angels, and in the presence of the Lamb: and
the smoke of their torment ascendeth up forever and ever:
and.they have no-rest-day nor might; who worship thetensturt
his image, and whosoeVer receiveth the mark of his name."
Verses 10, 11. See Isa. 33: 13-17; 34: 1-10; 1 Cor. 3: 13; Heb.
12: 29.
4. How are those described who heed this warning?
"Here is the patience of the saints: here are they that keep
the commandments of God, and the faith of Jesus." Verse 12.
5. What description is given of the beast against whose
worship this closing warning message is given?
"And I stood upon the sand of the sea, and saw a beast rise
up out of the sea, having seven heads and ten horns, and upon
his horns ten crowns, and upon his heads the name of blas-
phemy. And the beast which I saw was like unto a leop-
ard, and his feet were as the feet of a bear, and his mouth as
the mouth of a lion: and the dragon gave him his power, and his
seat, and great authority." Rev. 13: 1, 2.
Nam, In this composite beast from the sea are combined the sym-
bols of the seventh chapter of Daniel, representing Greece, Medo-Persia,
and Babylon. The blasphemous words spoken by it, its persecution of
the saints, and the time allotted to it (verses 5-7) show that this beast, under
one of its seven-headed 'manifestations, is identical with the little horn of
the vision of the seventh chapter of Daniel, modem Babylon, the Papacy.
See reading on "The Kingdom and Work of Antichrist," page 147. The
false worship here mentioned, the worship of the beast, is the rendering of
that homage to the Papacy which is due to God alone. The system of
religion enforced by the Papacy is the paganism of Babylon, Medo-Persia,
Greece, and Rome, indicated by the composite character of the beast
(verse 2), disguised under the forms and names of Christianity. The
Pontifex Maximus of the ancient pagan religions was continued in the
Pope, who is the head of the Roman priesthood, and who, in the exercise
of his priestly functions, took away the mediation of Christ, and substituted
a system of human mediation in its place, thus fulfilling the prophecy re-
corded in the eighth chapter of Daniel. See reading on "The Vicar of
Christ," page 152.
6. What challenge is made by those who worship the beast?
"And they worshiped the dragon which gave power unto
the beast: and they worshiped the beast, saying, Who is like unto
the beast? who is able to make war with him?" Verse 4.
7. Whose sovereignty is thus challenged?
"Forasmuch as there is none like unto Thee, 0 Lord; Thou
 THE CLOSING GOSPEL MESSAGE 183
art great, and Thy name is great in might." Jer. 10: 6. See
also Ps. 71: 19; 86:8; 89:6, 8.
8. What specifications of "the man of sin" are thus fully
met?
"Let no man deceive you by any means: for that day shall
not come, except there come a falling away first, and that man
of sin be revealed, the son of perdition; who opposeth and ex-
alteth himself above all that is called God, or that is worshiped;
so that he as God sitteth in the temple of God, showing himself that
he is God." 2 Thess. 2: 3, 4. See pages 147-149.
9. What did Babylon give to the nations to drink?
"She made all nations drink of the wine of the wrath of her
fornication." Rev. 14: 8, last part. See pages 178, 181.
10. What are those to drink who accept the teachings of
Babylon, and thus render homage to the beast?
"The same shall drink of the wine of the wrath of God, which
is poured out withoutmixture into the cup of His indignation."
Verse 10, first part.
NOTE.— The cup of the Lord, which contains the new covenant in.
the blood of Christ, and the cup of the wine of the wrath of Babylon are
both offered to the world. To drink of the former, that is, to accept the
teaching of the true gospel, is to receive everlasting life; but to drink of the
wine of Babylon, that is, to accept the false gospel taught by the Papacy,
will result in drinking of the wine of the wrath of God from the cup of His
indignation. The true gospel means everlasting life; the false gospel means
everlasting death.
11. Under what threatened penalty is the worship of the
image of the beast enforced?
"And he had power to give life unto the image of the beast,
that the image of the beast should both speak, and cause [decree]
that as many as would not worship the image of the beast should
be killed." Rev. 13: 15.
NOTE.— For an explanation of the image of the beast, see reading on
" Making an Image to the Beast," page 191.
12. What universal boycott is to be employed, in an attempt
to compel all to receive the mark of the beast?
"And he causeth all, both small and great, rich and poor,
free and bond, to receive a mark in their right hand, or in their
foreheads: and that no man might buy or sell, save he that had the
mark, or the name of the beast, or the number of his name." Verses
16, 17.
NOTE.— Regarding the mark of the beast, see reading on "The Seal
of God and the Mark of Apostasy," page 333.
184 BIBLE READINGS
13. Who is the real power operating through the beast and
his image, and demanding worship?
"The dragon gave him his power, and his seat, and great
authority." Verse 2, last part.
14. Who is this dragon?
" And the. great drag(nriama cast 'Ott, that oid'aefrient , Called
the Devil, and Satan, which deceiveth the whole world: he was
cast out into the earth, and his angels were cast out with him."
Rev. 12:9.
15. How did the devil seek to induce Jesus to worship him?
"And the devil, taking Him up into an high mountain,
showed unto Him all the kingdoms of the world in a moment of
time. And the devil said unto Him, All this power will I give
Thee, and the glory of them: for that is delivered unto me; and
to whomsoever I will I give it. If Thou therefore wilt worship
me, all shall be Thine." Luke 4: 5-7.
16. How did Jesus show His loyalty to God?
"And Jesus answered and said unto him, Get thee behind Me,
Satan: for it is written, Thou shalt worship the Lord thy God, and
Him only shalt thou serve." Verse 8.
NOTE.- The threefold message of Rev. 14: 6-12 is proclaimed in
connection with the closing scenes of the great controversy between Christ
and Satan. Lucifer has sought to put himself in the pIace of God (Isa.
14: 12-14), and to secure to himself the worship which is due God alone.
The final test comes over the commandments of God. Those who acknowl-
edge the supremacy of the beast by yielding obedience to the law of God as
changed and enforced by the Papacy, when the real issue has been clearly
defined, will, in so doing, worship the beast and his image, and receive his
mark. Such will take the side of Satan in his rebellion against the authority
of God.
17. How many will yield to the demand to worship the beast?
"And all that dwell upon the earth shall worship him, whose
names are not written in the book of life of the Lamb slain from
the foundation of the world." Rev. 13: 8.
18. In the judgment-hour message, whom are all called upon
to fear, glorify, and worship?
"Saying with a loud voice, Fear God, and give glory to Him;
for the hour of His judgment is come: and worship Him that
made heaven, and earth, and the sea, and the fountains of waters."
Rev. 14: 7.
19. Who will sing the song of Moses and the Lamb on the
sea of glass?
 THE CLOSING GOSPEL MESSAGE 185
"And I saw as it were a sea of glass mingled with fire: and
them that had gotten the victory over the beast, and over his image,
and over his mark, and over the number of his name, stand on the
sea of glass, having the harps of God. And they sing the song
of Moses the servant of God, and the song of the Lamb, saying,
Great and marvelous are Thy works, Lord God Almighty; just
and true are Thy ways, Thou King of saints. Who shall not
fear Thee, 0 Lord, and glorify Thy name? for Thou only art
holy: for all nations shall come and worship. before Thee; for
Thy judgments are made manifest." Rev. 15: 2-4.

SATAN'S WARFARE AGAINST THE CHURCH

1. UNDER what figure was the Christian church represented
to the apostle John?
"And there appeared 41, great wonder [margin, sign; in
heaven; a woman clothed with the sun, and the moon under her
feet, and upon her head a crown of twelve stars." Rev. 12: 1.
NOTES.- Frequently in the Scriptures a woman is used to represent
the church. See Jer. 6: 2; 2 Cor. 11:2. The sun represents the light of
the gospel with which the church was clothed at the first advent (1 John
2: 8); the moon under her feet, the waning light of the former dispensation;
and the twelve stars, the twelve apostles.
"Woman in her innocence was attacked by 'that old serpent, called
the Devil, and Satan.' . . . At the end of that first crafty assault and
speedy victory the dragon met with his rebuff, in words like these: `The
seed of the woman shall bruise thy head, and thou shalt bruise His heel.'
. . . In the Revelation the scene is changed from Eden to the heavens,
and before you stand again the woman and the serpent, in the same position
of antagonism as before, the serpent still the assailant, only this time more
openly so. . . . The woman is no longer a simple, childlike personage,
but a wonder; she walks not among the trees and flowers, but amid the
orbs of heaven. She is clothed with the sun, the moon is under her feet,
and upon her head is a coronet of twelve stars. In her you see the great
cause of truth and righteousness embodied — she is, in fact, the church of
God in all ages, the woman whose Seed blesses all the nations of the earth."
— C. H. Spurgeon, in The Tabernacle Pulpit, March 15, 1858.
2. How is the church at the first advent described?
"And she being with child cried, travailing in birth, and
pained to be delivered." Verse 2.
Nom.— The church is in labor and pain while she brings forth Christ
and her children, in the midst of afflictions and persecutions. See Rom.
8: 19, 22; 1 John 3: 1, 2; 2 Tim. 3: 12.

3. How are the birth, work. and ascension of Christ briefly

described?
"And she brought forth a man child, who was to rule all
186 BIBLE READINGS

nations with a rod of iron: and her child was caught up unto
God, and to His throne." Verse 5.
Nan.— Specifically this must refer to Christ (see Ps. 2: 7-9); but
through Him is also prefigured the experience of the people of God, who
finally in the judgment are to share with Christ in ruling the nations with
a rod of iron (Rev. 2 26, 27), and, like Him, when their work on earth
is accomplished be "caught up," at His appearing, to God and to His
throne. 1 Thess. 4: 15-17.

4. What other sign, or wonder, appeared in heaven?

"And there appeared another wonder in heaven; and behold
a great red dragon, having seven heads and ten horns, and seven
crowns upon his heads. And his tail drew the third part of the
stars of heaven, and did cast them to the earth: and the dragon
stood before the woman which was ready to be delivered, for to
devour her child as soon as it was born." Verses 3, 4.
5. Who is this dragon said to bq?
"And the great dragon was cast out, that old serpent, called
the Devil, and Satan, which deceiveth the whole world." Verse 9.
NOTE.- Primarily the dragon represents Satan, the great enemy and
persecutor of the church in all ages. But Satan works through princi-
palities and powers in his efforts to destroy the people of God. It was
through a Roman king, King Herod, that he sought to destroy Christ as
soon as He was born. Matt. 2: 16. Rome must therefore be symbolized
by the dragon. The seven heads of the dragon are interpreted by some
to refer to the "seven hills" upon which the city of Rome is built; by others,
to the seven forms of government through which Rome passed; and by still
others, and more broadly, to the seven great monarchies which have op-
pressed the people of God; namely, Egypt, Assyria, Chaldea, Persia, Greece,
pagan Rome, and papal Rome, in either of which Rome is represented
and included. ' See page 189. The ten horns, as in the fourth, beast of
Daniel 7, evidently refer to the ten kingdoms into which Rome was finally
divided, and thus again identify the dragon with the Roman power.

6. How is the conflict between Christ and Satan described?

"And there was war in heaven; Michael and His angels
fought against the dragon; and the dragon fought and his angels,
and prevailed not; neither was their place found any more in
heaven. And the great dragon was cast out, that old serpent,
called the Devil, and Satan, which deceiveth the whole world:
he was cast out into the earth, and his angels were cast out with
him." Verses 7-9.
Now.— This conflict, begun in heaven, continues on earth. Near
the close of Christ's ministry, He said, "I beheld Satan as lightning fall
from heaven." Luke 10: 18. "Now is the judgment of this world: now
shall the prince of this world be cast out." John 12: 31. From the councils
of the representatives of the various worlds to which Satan, as the prince
of this world, was formerly admitted (Job 1: 6, 7; 2: 1, 2), he was cast out
when he crucified Christ, the Son of God.
 SATAN'S WARFARE AGAINST THE CHURCH 187
7. What shout of triumph was heard in heaven following the
victory gained by Christ?
".And I heard a loud voice saying in heaven, Now is come
salvation, and strength, and the kingdom of our God, and the power
of His Christ: for the accuser of our brethren is cast down, which
accused them before our God day and night. . . . There-
fore rejoice, ye heavens, and ye that dwell in them." Verses
10-12.
8. Why was woe at this same time proclaimed to the world?
"Woe to the inhabiters of the earth and of the sea! for the
devil is come down unto you, having great wrath, Ucause he knoweth
that he bath but a short time." Verse 12, last part.
NOTE.—This not only shows that, since the crucifixion of Christ,
Satan knows that his doom is sealed, and that he has but a limited time
in which to work, but that his efforts are largely if not wholly now con-
fined to this world, and concentrated upon its inhabitants. Better than
many professed Christians, Satan knows that time is short.
9. What did the dragon do when cast to the earth?
"And when the dragon saw that he was cast unto the earth,
he persecuted the woman which brought forth the man child."
Verse 13.
Nona.— The persecution of Christians began under pagan Rome, but
was carried on far more extensively under papal Rome. Matt. 24: 21, 22.
10. What definite period of time was allotted to this great
persecution of God's people under papal Rome?
"And to the woman were given two wings of a great eagle,
that she might fly into the wilderness, unto her place, where she
is nourished for a time, and times, and half a time, from the face
of the serpent." Verse 14.
NOTE.- This is the same period as that mentioned in Dan. 7:25,
and, like the ten horns, identifies the dragon with the fourth beast of Daniel
7, and its later work with the work of the little horn of that same beast.
In Rev. 13:5 this period is referred to as "forty-two months," and in Rev.
12:6 as 1260 days, each representing 1260 literal years, the period allotted
to the supremacy of papal R'.ome. Beginning in 538 A. D., it ended in 1798,
when the Pope was taken prisoner by the French. See notes on page 151.
The woman fleeing into the wilderness fittingly describes the condition
of the church during those times of bitter persecution.
11. What was Satan's design in thus persecuting the church?
"And the serpent cast out of his mouth water as a flood
'after the woman, that he might cause her to be carried away of the
flood." Verse 15.
12. How was the flood stayed, and Satan's design defeated?
"And the earth helped the wfmatz, and the earth opened her
188 BIBLE READINGS

mouth, and swallowed up the flood which the dragon cast out
of his mouth." Verse 16.
NOTE.— The mountain fastnesses, quiet retreats, and secluded valleys
of southwestern Europe for centuries shielded many who refused allegiance
to the Papacy. Here, too, may be seen the results of the work of the
Reformation of the sixteenth century, when many of the goyernmenta
aLEurApe Callie the.heirrof tht talltd titleraftt; Brstaying the hand of
persecution and protecting the lives of those who dared to take their stand
for the right. The discovery of America, and the opening up of this
country as an asylum for the oppressed of Europe at this time, may also
be included in the "help" here referred to.
13. What did Christ say would be the result if the days of
persecution were not shortened?
"Except those days should be shortened, there should no
flesh be saved: but for the elect's sake those days shall be short-
ened." Matt. 24: 22.
14. Still bent on persecution, how does Satan manifest his
enmity against the remnant church?
"And the dragon was wroth with the woman, and went to
make war with the remnant of her seed; which keep the command-
ments of God, and have the testimony of Jesus Christ." Rev.
12: 17.
NOTE.— To the very end, Satan will persecute and seek to destroy the
people of God. Against the remnant, or last portion of the church, he is
especially to make war. Their obedience to God's commandments, and
their possession of the testimony of Jesus, or spirit of prophecy (Rev. 19:
10), are especially offensive to him, and excite his intense ire.

A GREAT PERSECUTING POWER

(The Ten-Horned Beast of Revelation 13)
1. WHAT is the first symbol of Revelation 13?
"And I stood upon the sand of the sea, and saw a beast rise
up out of the sea, having seven heads and ten horns, and upon his
horns ten crowns, and upon his heads the name of blasphemy."
Rev. 13 : 1.
Novas.— As already learned from studying the book of Daniel, a
beast in prophecy represents some great earthly power or kingdom; a
head, a governing power; horns, a number of kingdoms; crowned heads or
crowned horns, political rulership; waters, "peoples, and multitudes, and
nations, and tongues." Rev. 17: 15.
"The beasts of Daniel and John are empires. The ten-horned beast/
is the Roman power. . . . The head is the governing power of the
body. The heads of this beast represent successive governments."—
"Romanim and the Reformation," by H. Grattan Guinness, pages 144, 145.

2. How is this beast further described?

 A GREAT PERSECUTING POWER 189
"And the beast which I saw was like unto a leopard, and his
feet were as the feet of a bear, and his mouth as the mouth of a
lion." Verse 2, first part.
Norzs.— These are the characteristics of the first three symbols of
Daniel 7,— the lion, bear, and leopard there representing the kingdoms of
Babylon, Medo-Persia,.and Grecia,— and suggest this beast as representing
or belonging to the kingdom symbolized by the fourth beast of Daniel 7,
or Rome. Both have ten horns. Like the dragon of Revelation 12, it
also has seven heads; but as the dragon symbolized Rome in its entirety,
particularly in its pagan phase, this, like the "little horn" coming up among
the ten horns of the fourth beast of Daniel 7, represents Rome in its later
or papal form. Both it and the little horn have "a mouth" speaking great
things; both make war upon the saints; both continue for the same length
of time.
Allowing a very broad meaning to the symbol, the Douay or Catholic
Bible, in a note on Rev. 13: 1, explains the seven heads of this beast as
follows: "The seven heads are seven kings, that is, seven principal king-
doms or empires, which have exercised, or shall exercise, tyrannical power
over the people of God : of these, five were then fallen, viz., the Egyptian,
Assyrian, Chaldean, Persian, and Grecian monarchies; one, was present,
viz., the empire of Rome; and the seventh and chiefest was to come, viz.,
the great Antichrist and his empire." That the seventh head represents
Antichrist there can be little doubt. See page 186.

3. What did the dragon give this beast?

"And the dragon gave him his power, and his seat, and great
authority." Verse 2, 'latter part.
Noun.— It is an undisputed fact of history that under the later Roman
emperors, beginning with Constantine, the religion of the Roman govern-
ment was changed from pagan to papal; that when Constantine removed
the seat of his empire from Rome to Constantinople in 330 a. D., the city
of Rome was given up to the bishop of Rome, who, from Constantine and
succeeding emperors, received rich gif is and great authority; that after
the fall of Rome, in 476 A. D., the bishop. of Rome became the ruling power
in Western Rome, and by decree of Justinian, March 15, 533, was declared
"head of all the holy churches," and in a letter of the same year he was
designated as "corrector of heretics." See note on page 151. Thus Rome
pagan became Rome papal; the seat of pagan Rome became the seat of
papal Rome; church and state were united; and the persecuting power of
the dragon was conferred upon the professed head of the church of Christ,
or papal Rome. As Dr. H. Grattan Guinness, in his "Romanism and the
Reformation," page 152, says, "The power of the Cmsars lived again in the
universal dominion of the popes."

4. How are the character, work, period of supremacy, and

great power of the beast described?
"And there was given unto him a mouth speaking great
things and blasphemies; and power was given unto him to con-
tinue forty and two months. And he opened his mouth in
blasphemy against God, to blaspheme His name, and His taber-
nacle, and them that dwell in heaven. And it was given unto
him to make war with the saints, and to overcome them: and
190 BIBLE READINGS
power was given him over all kindreds, and tongues, and na-
tions." Verses 5-7.
NOTE.— All these specifications have been fully and accurately met
in the Papacy, and identify this beast as representing the same power as
that represented by the little horn phase of the fourth beast of Daniel
7, and the little horn of Daniel 8, in its chief and essential features and
work. See Dan. 7:25; 8: 11, 12, 24, 25, and readings on pages 147, 152.
For an explanation of the time period mentioned, see pages 151, 157.
5. What was to be inflicted upon one of the heads of this
beast?
"And I saw one of his heads as it were wounded to death; and
his deadly wound was healed: and all the world wondered after
the beast." Verse 3.
No'FE.— This wound was inflicted upon the papal head of this beast
when the French, in 1798, entered Rome, and took the Pope prisoner, and
for a time, it seemed, abolished the Papacy. But in 1800 another Pope
was placed upon the papal throne, and the deadly wound began to be
healed. Temporal dominion was taken away from the Papacy in 1870,
but its power and influence among the nations have been increasing since
then nevertheless. "In that year, ' says Mr. Guinness in his work " Ro-
manism and the Reformation," page 156, "the Papacy assumed the highest
exaltation to which it could aspire, that of infallibility." To such a
position of influence over the nations is the Papacy finally to attain that
just before her complete overthrow and destruction she will say, "I sit a
queen, and am no widow, and shall see no sorrow." Rev. 18: 7. See ha.
47:7-15; Rev. 17:18.
6. What is said concerning the captivity and downfall of
the Papacy?
"He that leadeth into captivity shall go into captivity: he
that killeth with the sword must be killed with the sword."
Verse 10. See Ps. 18: 25, 26; 109: 17; Jer. 50: 29; Rev. 16: 4-6.
7. What questions asked by its worshipers indicate the great
station to which this beast-power was to attain?
"And they worshiped the dragon which gave power unto
the beast: and they worshiped the beast, saying, Who is like
unto the beast? who is able to make war with him?" Rev. 13: 4.
8. How universal is the worship of this power to become?
"And all that dwell upon the earth shall worship him, whose
names are not written in the book of life of the Lamb slain from
the foundation of the world." Verse 8.
9. =What did John say was to be the end of this beast?
"And the beast was taken, and with him the false prophet
that wrought miracles before him. . . . These both were
cast alive into a lake of fire burning with brimstone." Rev. 19: 20.
See Isa. 47: 7-15; 2 Thess. 2: 3-8; Rev. 17: 16, 17; 18:4-8.
 A GREAT PERSECUTING POWER 191
10. In what similar language is the fate of the fourth beast
of Daniel 7 described?
"I beheld then because of the voice of the great words which
the horn spake: I beheld even till the beast was slain, and his
body destroyed, and given to the burning flame." Dan. 7: 11.

MAKING AN IMAGE TO THE BEAST

THE PROPHECY OF REVELATION 13
1. WHEN was the papal head of the first beast of Revelation
13 wounded?
In 1793-1798. See notes on pages 151, 152, 190.
2. What did the prophet see coming up at this time?
"And I beheld another beast coming up out of the earth; and
he had two horns like a lamb, and he spake as a dragon." Rev.
13: 11.
Norm.— Mr. Wesley, in his notes on Revelation 13, written in 1754,
says of the two-horned beast: "He is not yet come, though he cannot be
far off; for he is to appear at the end of the forty-two months of the first
beast."
The previous beast came up out of the "sea," which indicates its rise
among the peoples and nations of the world then in existence (Rev. 17:
15); while this one comes up out of the "earth." This would indicate that
the latter beast would arise where there had not before been "peoples, and
multitudes, and nations, and tongues." In 1798, when the papal power
received its deadly wound, the government of the United States, located
in the .western continent, was the only great and independent nation then
coming into prominence in territory not previously occupied by peoples,
multitudes, and nations. Only nine years preceding this (1789), the United
States adopted its national Constitution.
It is within the territory of the United States, therefore, that we
may look, according to the prophecy, for an ecclesiastical movement to
arise, and exercise a dominating control, not only in the civil government
of this country, but also in the other nations of the whole world as well.
3. What is the character of this new power ?
"He had two horns like a lamb." Rev. 13:11.
NUM.— The Pilgrim Fathers were the- vanguard of a great multi-
tude of Protestants, who, when persecuted and outlawed in the lands of
their birth, sought refuge in the New World, where they developed rapidly
under the protection of a government founded on the great Christian
principles of civil and religious freedom. Tfie two horns may well sym-
bolize these two fundamental principles.
4. Notwithstanding the lamblike appearance of this power,
what is it ultimately to do ?
192 BIBLE READINGS

"And he spake as a dragon." Rev. 13:11.

NOTE.— The voice of the dragon is the voice of intolerance and per-
secutipn. This indicates that the ecclesiastical development dealt with
in this prophecy, obtaining a foothold for its initial power and influence
in the government of the United States, will repudiate the mild and
lamblike principles of civil and religious liberty, and become like the
beast before it, a world-wide persecuting power. This is why in Rev.
19 : 20 it is called "the false prophet." Born of the Reformation, it will
repudiate Reformation principles.
5. How much power will this beast exercise?
"And he exerciseth all the power of the first beast before him,
and causeth the earth and them which dwell therein to worship
the first beast, whose deadly wound was healed." Verse 12.
NOTE.— The "first beast before him" (papal Rome) exercised the
power of persecuting and putting to death all who differed from it in
religious matters. The only way the earth can be made to worship is by
causing work to cease on it through voluntary or enforced rest, or sabbath-
keeping. "For as long as she [the land] lay desolate she kept &Math."
2 Chron. 36: 21. Enforced Sunday observance is evidently implied here.
6. What means will be employed to lead the people back into
this false worship?
"And deceiveth them that dwell on the earth by the means of
those miracles which he had power to do in the sight of the beast."
Verse 14, first part.
7. What will this power propose that the people shall do?
"Saying to them that dwell on the earth, that they should
make an image to the beast, which had the wound by a sword, and
did live." Verse 14, latter part.
Nom.— The beast "which had the wound by a sword, and did live,"
is the Papacy. That was a church dominating the civil powers In other
words, it was a union of church and state, and enforced its religious dogmas
by the civil power, under pain of confiscation of goods, imprisonment, and
death. An image to this beast would be another ecclesiastical organiza-
tion clothed with civil power — another union of church and state — to
enforce religious dogmas by law.
8. Is there any evidence that such an image will be made?
Large and influential organizations, such as the National
Reform Association, the International Reform Bureau, the
Lord's Day Alliance of the United States, and the Fed eral
Council of the Churches of Christ in America, have been formed,
by professed Protestants, and for years have been persistently
working to that end. Many Roman Catholic societies recently
formed in the United States, such as the Knights of Columbus
and the American Federation of Catholic Societies, are looking
to a like end — that of making America Catholic.
9. What, according to its constitution, is the avowed object
of the National Reform Association?
 MAKING AN IMAGE TO THE BEAST 193
"To secure such an amendment to the Constitution of the
United States as shall . . . indicate that this is a Christian
nation, and place all the Christian laws, institutions, and usages
of the government on an undeniable legal basis in the fundamen-
tal law of the land."— Article II of Constitution.
NoTEs.— Upon the question of making this a "Christian nation,"
Bishop Earl Cranston, D. D., of the Methodist Episcopal Church, in an
address delivered in Foundry Methodist Episcopal Church, Washington,
D. C., March 13, 1910, made the following observation: —
"Suppose this were to be declared a Christian nation by a Con-
stitutional interpretation to that effect. What would that mean? Which
of the two contending definitions of Christianity would the word Christian
indicate? — The Protestant idea, .of course, for under our system majorities
rule, and the majority of Americans are Protestants. Very well. But
suppose that by the addition of certain contiguous territory with twelve
or more millions of Roman Catholics, the annexation of a few more islands
with half as many more, and the same rate of immigration as now, the
majority some years hence should be Roman Catholics,— who doubts for
a moment that the reigning Pope would assume control of legislation and
government? He would say, with all confidence and consistency, This
is a Christian nation. It was so claimed from the beginning and so de-
clared many years ago. A majority defined then what Christianity was,
the majority will define now what Christianity now is and is to be.' That
'majority' would be the Pope."—" The Church and the Government," page 7.
The National Reformers in their attempts to justify the legal establish-
ment of Christianity as the national religion have erroneously declared that
the statement of Justice Brewer of the Supreme Court of the United States
in 1892, "This is a Christian nation," is a decision of the court, whereas it
was only a statement in the argument leading up to the decision.
In a sermon at the centenary of the establishment of the Roman
Catholic hierarchy in the United States, in 1889, Archbishop Ireland said:
"Our work is to make America Catholic. . . . Our cry shall be, God
wills it,' and our hearts shall leap with crusader enthusiasm.'
The theory of the National Reformers is thus expressed: "Every
government by equitable laws, is a government of God; a republic thus
governed is of Him, and is as truly and really a theocracy as the common-
wealth of Israel."—"Cincinnati National Reform Ccmvention," page 28.

10. How does this association regard the Catholic Church

on this point?
"We cordially, gladly, recognize the fact that in South
American republics, in France and other European countries
the Roman Catholics are the recognized advocates of national
Christianity, and stand opposed to all the proposals of secular-
ism. . . . Whenever they are willing to cooperate in resist-
ing the progress of political atheism, we will gladly join hands
with them in a world's conference for the promotion of national
Christianity, which ought to be held at no distant day. Many
countries could be represented only by Roman Catholics."
—Christian Statesman, Dec. 11, 1884, official organ of the
National Reform Association.
13
194 BIBLE READINGS
11. What has the Pope commanded all Catholics to do?
"First and foremost, it is the duty of all Catholics worthy
of the name and wishful to be known as most loving children of
the church . . . to endeavor to bring back all civil society to
the pattern and form of Christianity which we have described."
— Encyclical of Pope Leo XIII, "Immortale Dei," Nov. 1, 1885,
"The Great Encyclical Letters of Leo XIII," page 132.
Now.— The prophecy says that this power will make an image to the
Papacy. In the days of Constantine and his successors, the church made
use of the civil power to carry out her aims: through this means the Papacy
wag developed. In our own day the same theory is advocated, and promi-
nent men in the nation, in both church and state, are doing all they can
to bring about the same result, which, when their work is completed, can-
not fail to fulfil the specifications of the prophecy. The climax will be
an image of the Papacy.
12. What is the object of the International Reform Bureau?
"The Reform Bureau is the first 'Christian lobby' estab-
lished at our national capital to speak to government in behalf
of all denominations."—"History of the International Reform
Bureau," by its founder and superintendent, Rev. W. F. Crafts,
page 2.
Nomn.— The securing of compulsory. Sunday legislation is one of the
chief objects of this and other like organizations. See pages 61 and 65 of
the above-named work.
13. What are the objects of the Lord's Day Alliance of the
United States?
"(1) To preserve the Lord's day [Sunday] for America;
(2) to secure an active Alliance in every State not yet organ-
ized; (3) to induce the general government as far as possible
to set the example of Sabbath observance; (4) to press the
rest-day feature of the fourth commandment, until every toiler
in the land has guaranteed unto him fifty-two full rest days a
year."— From leaflet published by the Alliance.
NOTE -By all of which is meant the securing, as far as possible, of
compulsory State and national Sunday legislation,— the very means by
which the church gained control of the state and by which church and state
were united in the fourth and fifth centuries of the Christian era.
14. What is the purpose of the Federal Council of the
Churches of Christ in America?
"That the great Christian bodies of our country should
stand together" in dealing with "questions like those of mar-
riage and divorce, Sabbath desecration, social evils," etc.—"Re-
port of Federal Council" (1908), pages 5, 6.
15. How does it propose that the matter of "Sabbath dese-
cration" shall be dealt with?
 MAKING AN IMAGE TO THE BEAST 195
"That all encroachments upon the claims and the sanctities
of the Lord's day should be stoutly resisted through the press,
the Lord's day associations and alliances, and by such legis-
lation as may be secured to protect and preserve this bulwark of our
American Christianity."— Id., page 108.
NOTE.— Thus it will be seen that the securing of laws for the enforce-
ment of Sunday observance is a prominent feature in all these organizations
in their efforts to "Christianize" the nation. In doing this many fail to
see that they are repudiating the principles of Christianity, of Protestant-
ism, and of the United States government, and playing directly into the
hand of that power which originated the Sunday sabbath, and gained con-
trol of the civil power through Sunday legislation — the Papacy.
16. What action of the American Federation of Catholic
Societies indicates that Catholics will gladly "join hands" with
Protestants in enforcing Sunday observance by law?
"Our societies in the various parts of the United States have
been urging the abolition of Sunday labor, and have indorsed
and assisted the movement of closing the post-office on Sunday."
— Tenth Annual Convention of American Federation of Catholic
Societies, Columbus, Ohio, Aug. 20-24, 1911.
NOTES.— With the active cooperation of the Lord's Day Alliance of
the United States, a Protestant organization, a proviso was attached to
the post-office appropriation bill, 1912, requiring that "hereafter post-
offices of the first and second classes shall not be opened on Sundays for
the purpose of delivering mail to the general public."
The following resolution was adopted by the Boston Archdiocesan
Federation of Catholic Societies: —
"We are unalterably opposed to any relaxation of the Sunday laws.
Sunday is a day of rest to be devoted to the praise and service of God.
We hold the safest public policy at present is to adhere to the rigid ob-
servance of the laws now safeguarding the sanctity of the Lord's day."—
Boston Pilot, official organ of Cardinal O'Connell, March 16, 1912.
17. What complaint is made against Sunday trains and Sun-
day newspapers?
• "They get a great many passengers, and so break up a great
many congregations." "The laboring classes are apt to rise
late on Sunday morning, read the Sunday papers, and allow the
hour of worship to go by unheeded."— Elgin Sunday-law
Convention, November, 1887.
NOTES.— In the fourth century, Sunday games and Sunday theaters,
it was complained, "hindered" the "devotion" of the "faithful," because
many of the members attended them in preference to the church services.
The church, therefore, demanded that the state should interfere, and en-
force Sunday observance by law. "In this way," says Neander, "the
church received help from the state for the furtherance of her ends." In
this way church and state were united, and the Papacy was placed in
power. The same course pursued now will produce the same results.
It is proper and right for the church to teach Sabbath observance, and
to decry Sabbath desecration; but it should not attempt to secure Sabbath
observance through compulsory legislation; nor should it seek to fasten
196 BIBLE READINGS

upon the people by any means the observance of a day which God has never
enjoined, and for which, as is admitted on all hands, there is no Scriptural
command. See admissions on pages 329, 341, 342, 345.
18. What does the prophet say the two-horned-beast power
will attempt to enforce upon all the people?
"And he causeth all, both small and great, rich and poor,
free and bond, to receive a mark in their right hand, or in their
foreheads." Rev. 13: 16.
NomEs.— This mark is the mark of the beast, or the false sabbath.
See Rev. 14: 9, 10, and reading on page 333. God's seal, or mark, is set
in the forehead (Rev. 7: 3; 14: 1), the seat of the mind, the Lord accepting
only the worship of conviction and conscience. The mark of the beast,
however, is said to be received in the hand or forehead. Some give assent
to the false teaching with their minds, receiving the mark in the forehead;
others give formal, outward consent, and so receive the mark in the hand.
Let the reader note this twofold aspect of the Sunday sabbath, as
expressed by one of the most ardent and active Sunday-law advocates in
the United States: "We, the Sabbath Union, W. C. T. U., all the churches,
and the Y. M. C. A., are laboring with all our might to carry the religious
sabbath with our right arm, and the civil sabbath with our left. Hundreds
of thousands will receive it as a religious institution, and all the rest will
receive it as a civil institution, and thus we will sweep in the whole nation."
— Rev. W. F. Crafts, in Sunday Union Convention, Wichita, Kans., Sept.
20, 1889.
19. What means will be employed to compel all to receive
this mark?
"And that no man might buy or sell, save he that had the mark,
or the name of the beast, or the number of his name." Verse 17.
NOTE.- That is, all who refuse to receive this mark will be boycotted,
or denied the rights and privileges of business and trade, or the ordinary
means of gaining a livelihood. Already this spirit has begun to manifest
itself in the movement to enforce Sunday observance. In a sermon
preached in Burlington, Kans., Sunday, Jan. 31, 1904, Rev. Bascom Robins
said: —
"In the Christian decalogue the first day was made the Sabbath by
divine appointment. But there is a class of people who will not keep the
Christian sabbath unless they are forced to do so. But that can be easily
done. We have twenty million of men, besides women and children, in
this country, who want this country to keep the Christian sabbath. If
we would say we will not sell anything to them, we will not buy anything
from them, we will not work for them, or hire them to work for us, the
thing could be wiped out, and all the world would keep the Christian
sabbath."
20. By what authority was Sunday sabbath-keeping in-
stituted?
By the authority of the Catholic Church. See page 328.
21. Why were the ancient Sunday laws demanded?
"That the day might be devoted with less interruption to
the purposes of devotion." "That the devotion of the faithful
 MAKING AN IMAGE TO THE BEAST 197
might be free from all disturbance."— Neander's "Church
History," Vol. II, pages 297, 301.
Nam.— In short, it was to secure the enforced observance of the day,
and through this means church attendance, and control over the people in
religious things.
22. Why are they demanded now?
"Give us good Sunday laws, well enforced by men in local
authority, and our churches will be full of worshipers, and our
young men and women will be attracted to the divine service.
A mighty combination of the churches of the United States
could win from Congress, the State legislatures, and municipal
councils, all legislation essential to this splendid consummation."
— Rev. S. V. Leech, D. D., in Homiletic Review, November, 1892.
23. Who is responsible for the present State Sunday laws of
the United States?
"During nearly all our American history the churches have
influenced the States to make and improve Sabbath laws."
— Rev. W. F. Crafts, in Christian Statesman, July 8, 1890.
NOTES.— "These Sunday laws are a survival of the complete union of
church and state which existed at the founding of the colony."— Boston
Post, April 14, 1907.
"Such laws [as the Maryland Sunday law of 1723] were the outgrowth
of the system of religious intolerance that prevailed in many of the colonies."
— Decision of Court of Appeals of the District of Columbia, Jan. 21, 1908.
The first Sunday law in America, that of Virginia, in 1610, required
church attendance, and prescribed the death penalty for the third offense.
See "American State Papers," edition 1911, page 33.
24. Why is a national Sunday law demanded?
"The national law is needed to make the State laws com-
plete and effective."— Christian Statesman, April 11, 1889.
25. Since the Sunday sabbath originated with the Roman
power (the beast), to whom will men yield homage, when,
knowing the facts, they choose to observe Sunday, instead of
the Bible Sabbath, in deference to compulsory Sunday laws?
"Know ye not, that to whom ye yield yourselves servants to
obey, his servants ye are to whom ye obey?" Rom. 6: 16.
NOTES.— "The observance of Sunday by the Protestants is an homage
they pay, in spite of themselves, to the authority of the [Catholic] church."
—"Plain Talk About the Protestantism of Today," page 213.
The conscientious observance of Sunday as the Sabbath on the part
of those who hitherto have supposed it to be the Sabbath, has, without
doubt, been accepted of God as Sabbath-keeping. It is only when light
comes that sin is imputed. John 9: 41; 15: 22; Acts 17: 30. See page 518.
26. What does Christ say about our duty to the state?
198 BIBLE READINGS

"Render therefore unto Ccesar the things which are Ccesar's;

and unto God the things that are God's." Matt. 22: 21.
Now.— The Sabbath belongs to God. Its observance, therefore,
should be rendered only to Him.
27. What special miracle is finally to be performed to de-
ceive men, and fasten them in deception?
"And he doeth great wonders, so that he maketh fire come
down from heaven on the earth in the sight of men." Rev. 13 : 13.
Now.— In the time of Elijah, in the controversy over Baal-worship,
this was the test as to who was the true God,— the God that answered by
fire. 1 Kings 18:24. Now, as a counterfeit test, fire will be made to come
down from heaven to confirm men in an idolatrous and false worship.
28. To what length will this effort to enforce the worship
of the image of the beast be carried?
"And he had power to give life unto the image of the beast,
that the image of the beast should both speak, and cause [decree]
that as many as would not worship the image of the beast should
be killed." Verse 15.
29. What deliverance will God finally bring to His people
in this controversy?
"And I saw as it were a sea of glass mingled with fire: and
them that had gotten the victory over the beast, and over his image,
and over his mark, and over the number of his name, stand on the
sea of glass, having the harps of God." Rev. 15: 2.
30. What song will they sing?
"And they sing the song of Moses the servant of God, and
the song of the Lamb." Verse 3.
31. What was the song of Moses?
A song of deliverance from oppression. See Exodus 15.

THE SEVEN CHURCHES

1. WHAT title is given the last book of the Bible?
"The Revelation of Jesus Christ." Rev. 1: 1.
2. To whom do those things which are revealed belong?
"The secret things belong unto the Lord our God: but those
things which are revealed belong unto us and to our children for-
ever." Deut. 29: 29.
3. For what purpose was the Revelation given?
 THE SEVEN CHURCHES 199

"The Revelation of Jesus Christ, which God gave unto Him,

to show unto His servants things which must shortly come to pass."
Rev. 1: 1.
4. What great event, according to this book, is imminent?
"Behold, He cometh with clouds; and every eye shall see Him,
and they also which pierced Him: and all kindreds of the earth
shall wail because of Him." Verse 7.
NOTE.— This book not only opens and closes with the subject of
Christ's second coming, but its eight lines of prophecy all reach down to
this as the great culminating event to the church and the world.
5. What encouragement is given to study this book?
"Blessed is he that readeth, and they that hear the words of
this prophecy, and keep those things which are written therein:
for the time is at hand." Verse 3.
6. To whom was the book dedicated?
"John to the seven churches which are in Asia." Verse 4.
7. What were the names of these seven churches?
"What thou seest, write in a book, and send it unto the seven
churches which are in Asia; unto Ephesus, and unto Smyrna,
and unto Pergamos, and unto Thyatira, and unto Sardis, and
unto Philadelphia, and unto Laodicea." Verse 11.
NOTE.— These seven churches, and the messages addressed to them,
apply to seven periods or states of the church reaching from the first to the
second advent of Christ. "Under this emblematical representation of the
seven churches of Asia," says Vitringa, in the "Comprehensive Commen-
tary," "the Holy Spirit has delineated seven different states of the Chris-
tian church, which would appear in succession, extending to the coming
of our Lord and the consummation of all things." Their good qualities
and their defects are pointed out, with admonitions, exhortations, and
warnings suitable for each, all of which are also applicable to individual
Christian experience.
8. By what title is the first state of the church distinguished?
"Unto the angel of the church of Ephesus write." Rev. 2: 1.
NOTE.— The meaning of Ephesus is desirable, and fitly describes the
character and condition of the church in its first state, when its members
received the doctrine of Christ in i is purity and enjoyed the benefits and
blessings of the gifts of the Holy Spirit. This applies to the first century,
or during the lifetime of the apostles. See dates in the accompanying
diagram, showing the beginning and close of the seven periods.
se
31 100 323 338 i 1798 1833 1844 1119
Desira I Sweet-smelling' Elevation I Omtrition I Thetwlich remains I Brotherly love ridging the people I
I> PHESUS SMYRNA PEECJII05 THYATIRA I SARDIS I PHILADELPHIA LAODICEA I ,
THE SEVEN CHU HCHES
200 BIBLE READINGS

9. After commending this church for their good works, what

charge did the Lord bring against them?
"Nevertheless I have somewhat against thee, because thou
hast left thy first love. Remember therefore from whence thou
art fallen, and repent, and do the first works." Verses 4, 5.
Nov.— The "first love" is the love of the truth, and the desire of
"
making it known to othera. The " first works are the 'fruit Of this love:

10. What name is given to the second state of the church?

"Unto the angel of the church in Smyrna write." Verse 8.
Now: The meaning of Smyrna is myrrh, or sweet-smelling savor,
and applies to the period of time when many of the saints of God suffered
martyrdom under pagan Rome.
11. How is the closing period of tribulation of the church
during this time referred to?
"Fear none of those things which thou shalt suffer: behold,
the devil shall cast some of you into prison, that ye may be tried;
and ye shall have tribulation ten days: be thou faithful unto death,
and I will give thee a crown of life." Verse 10.
Nam.— The most severe of what is commonly known as "the ten
persecutions" under pagan Rome, began under the emperor Diocletian,
and continued from 303 A. D. to 313 A. n., a period of ten prophetic days.
12. What name is given to the third state of the church?
"To the angel of the church in Pergamos write." Verse 12.
NOTE.— The meaning of Pergamos is height, or elevation, and fitly
represents that period of the Christian church, beginning with the reign
of the emperor Constantine in 313 A. D., when the power which had put the
Christians to death espoused the cause of the church, and by rewards,
edicts, and promised promotions to office in the government, sought to in-
duce the people to become Christians, thus bringing a flood of worldliness
and corruption into the church. Many of the heathen rites and ceremonies
previously introduced into the Christian religion, including the heathen
festival, Sunday (sun's day), were then established by law, resulting in the
first day of the week taking the place of the Sabbath of the Bible.

13. How was the faithfulness of this church commended?

"I know thy works, and where thou dwellest, even where
Satan's seat is: and thou holdest fast My name, and hast not
denied My faith, even in those days wherein Antipas was My
faithful martyr, who was slain among you, where Satan dwell-
eth." Verse 13.
NOTE.— Antipas comes from two Latin words, anti, opposed to, and
papas, father, or pope, and denotes a class of people who were opposed to
papal rule. Regarding Pergamos, see note at top of page 179.
14. What title was given to the fourth state of the church?
"Unto the angel of the church in Thyatira write." Verse 18.
 THE SEVEN CHURCHES 201

NOTE.— Thyatira means song of labor, or sacrifice of contrition, and

points out the condition of God's people during the long, dark period of
1260 years, beginning with the estabhshment of papal supremacy in 538
A. n., and closing with the downfall of that power in 1798. See notes on page
151. During that time, millions of the saints of God were put to death in
the most cruel manner that wicked men and demons could invent. Christ
referred to this time in His wonderful prophecy recorded in Matthew
24, in these words: "For then shall be great tribulation, such as was not
since the beginning of the world to this time, no, nor ever shall be. And
except those days should be shortened there should no flesh be saved:
but for the elect's sake those days shall be shortened." The tribulation
of the 1260 years was cut short through the influence of the Reformation.

15. What promise did God leave for these persecuted ones?
"But that which ye have already hold fast till I come. And
he that overcometh, and keepeth My words unto the end, to
him will I give power over the nations: and he shall rule them with
a rod of iron; as the vessels of a potter shall they be broken to
shivers: even, as I received of My Father." Verses 25-27.
16. By what name is the fifth state of the church addressed?
"Unto the angel of the church in Sardis write." Rev. 3: 1.
NOTE.— Sardis means song of joy, or that which remains. A cause for
joy at that time was the fact that the great tribulation of the people of God
was at an end. It was only as a result of the Reformation that any of
God's people were left remaining. See Matt. 24:21, 22, and note under
question 14. The Sardis church continued from the close of the papal
power, 1798 A. D., until the beginning of the great advent movement in
1833, which was marked by the falling of the stars on November 13 of that
year, as foretold by Christ in Matt. 24: 29.

17. What endearing title is given the sixth church?

"To the angel of the church in Philadelphia write." Rev. 3 : 7.
Nom.— Philadelphia means brotherly love, and applies to the church
under the judgment-hour message. See page 174.

18. What words to this church show the second advent near?
"Behold, I come quickly: hold fast that which thou hast, that
no man take thy crown." Verse 11.
19. What is Christ's message to the last church?
"Unto the angel of the church of the Laodiceans write;
. . . I know thy works, that thou art neither cold nor
hot. . . . Because thou sayest, I am rich, and increased in
goods, and have need of nothing; . . . I counsel thee to
buy of Me gold tried in the fire, that thou mayest be rich;
and white raiment, that thou mayest be clothed. . . . As
many as I love, I rebuke and chasten: be zealous therefore,
and repent." Verses 14-19.
202 BIBLE READINGS

NOTE.— Laodicea signifies the judging of the people, or, according to

Cruden, a just people. This church exists in the time of the judgment
and the proclamation of the final warning messages preceding Christ's
second coming. See Rev. 14: 6-16, and readings on pages 174, 177, 181.
This is a time of great profession, with but little vital godliness and true
piety.
20. What encouragement is given to heed this message?
"Behold, I stand at the door, and knock: if any man hear
My voice, and open the door, I will come in to him, and will sup
with him, and he with Me." Verse 20.
NOTE.— The pointed, searching messages to the seven churches con-
tain.most important lessons of admonition, encouragement, and warning
for all Christians in all ages. The seven promises to the overcomer found
in this line of prophecy (Rev. 2: 7, 11, 17, 26-28; 3: 5, 12, 21), with the
eighth or universal promise recorded in Rev. 21: 7, form a galaxy of promises
as precious, as comforting, and as inspiring as any recorded in the Scrip-
tures. See pages 421, 557.

THE SEVEN SEALS

1. WHAT did John the revelator see in the right hand of
Him who sat on the throne?
"And I saw in the right hand of Him that sat on the throne
a book written within, and on the back side sealed with seven
seals." Rev. 5: 1.
2. What did the Lamb do with this book?
"And He came and took the book out of the right hand of
Him that sat on the throne." Verse 7.
3. Why was Christ declared worthy to open these seals?
"Thou art worthy to take the book, and to open the seals
thereof : for Thou wast slain, and hast redeemed us to God by Thy
blood out of every kindred, and tongue, and people, and nation."
Verse 9.
4. What was shown upon the opening of the first seal?
"And I saw when the Lamb opened one of the seals, . . .
a white horse: and He that sat on him had a bow; and a crown
was given unto him: and he went forth conquering, and to
conquer." Rev. 6: 1, 2.
NoTE.— The number seven in the Scriptures denotes completion or
perfection. The seven seals embrace the whole of a class of events in
which is narrated the history of the church from the beginning of the
Christian era to the second coming of Christ. The white horse, with his
rider going forth to conquer, fitly represents the early Christian church in
its purity, going into all the world with the gospel message of salvation.
5. What appeared upon the opening of the second seal?
 THE SEVEN SEALS 203

"And when He had opened the second seal, . . . there

went out another horse that was red: and power was given to him
that sat thereon to take peace' from the earth, and that they
should kill one another: and there was given unto him a great
sword." Verses 3, 4.
Nome.— As whiteness in the first horse denoted the purity of the
gospel which its rider propagated, so the color of the second horse would
show that corruption had begun to creep in when this symbol applies.
It is true that such a state of things did succeed the apostolic church.
Speaking of the second century, Wharey, in his "Church History," page
39, says: "Christianity began already to wear the garb of heathenism.
The seeds of most of those errors that afterwards so entirely overran the
church, marred its beauty, and tarnished its glory, were already beginning
to take root." Worldliness came in. The church sought alliance with
the secular power, and trouble and commotion were the result. This
symbol extends from the close of the first century to the time of Constan-
tine, when a complete union of church and state was effected.

6. What was the color of the symbol under the third seal?
" When He had opened the third seal, I heard the third beast
say, Come and see. And I beheld, and lo a black horse; and he
that sat on him had a pair of balances in his hand." Verse 5.
NoTE.— The "black" horse fitly represents the spiritual darkness that
characterized the church from the time of Constantine till the establish-
ment of papal supremacy in 538 A. D. Of the condition of things in the
fourth century, Wharey (page 54) says: "Christianity had now become
popular, and a large proportion, perhaps a large majority, of those who
embraced it, only assumed the name, received the rite of baptism, and con-
formed to some of the external ceremonies of the church, while at heart
and in moral character they were as much heathen as they were before.
Error and corruption now came in upon the church like a flood."
•
7. What were the color and character of the fourth symbol?
"And when He had opened the fourth seal, . . . be-
hold a pale horse: and his name that sat on him was Death, and
Hell [Greek, Hades, the grave] followed with him. And power was
given unto them over the fourth part of the earth, to kill with
sword, and with hunger, and with death, and with the beasts of
the earth." Verses 7, 8.
NOTE.-- This is an unnatural color for a horse. The original denotes
the pale or yellowish color seen in blighted plants. The symbol evidently
refers to the work of persecution and death carried on by the Roman
Church against the people of God from the time of the beginning of papal
supremacy in 538 A. D. to the time when the Reformers commenced their
work of exposing the true character of the Papacy, and a check was placed
upon this work of death.
8. On operling the fifth seal, what was seen under the altar?
"And when He had opened the fifth seal, I saw under the
altar the souls of them that were slain for the word of God, and for
the testimony which they held." Verse 9.
204 BIBLE READINGS

NOTE.— When the Reformers exposed the work of the Papacy, it was
then called to mind how many martyrs had been slain for their faith.

9. What were these martyrs represented as doing?

"And they cried with a loud voice, saying, How long, 0 Lord,
holy and true, dost Thou not judge and avenge our blood on
them that dwell on the earth?" Verse 10.
NOTE.— The cruel treatment which they had received cried for venge-
ance, just as Abel's blood cried to God from the ground. Gen. 4: 10.
They were not in heaven, but under the altar on which they had been slain.
On this point Dr. Adam Clarke says: "The altar is upon earth, not in
heaven." See note under next question.
10. What was given these martyrs?
"And white robes were given unto every one of them; and it
was said unto them, that they should rest yet for a little season,
until their fellow servants also and their brethren, that should
be killed as they were, should be fulfilled [have fulfilled their
course, R. V.]." Verse 11.
NOTE.— These had been slain during the hundreds of years covered
by the preceding seal. Their persecutors, most of them, at least, had died.
And if they had at death passed to their punishment, as is by some supposed,
why should the martyred ones still importune for their punishment? In
this, as in other parts of the Bible, the figure of personification is used,
in which inanimate objects are represented as alive and speaking, and
things that are not as though they were. See Judges 9: 8-15; Heb. 2:11;
Rom. 4: 17. These martyrs had gone down as heretics under the darkness
and superstition of the preceding seal, covered with ignominy and shame.
Now, in the light of the Reformation, their true character appears, and they
are seen to have been righteous, and hence are given "white robes." "The
fine linen [white robes) is the righteousness of saints." Rev. 19:8. Right-
eousness is ascribed to them; and when they have rested a little longer
where they are,— under the altar,— till all others who are to fall for their
faith have followed them, then together they will be raised to life and im-
mortality.
11. What was first seen on the opening of the sixth seal?
"And I beheld when He had opened the sixth seal, and, 13,
there was a great earthquake." Verse 12, first part.
Nom.—This doubtless refers to the great earthquake of Nov. 1, 1755,
commonly known as the Lisbon earthquake, the effects of which were felt
over an area of 4,000,000 square miles. Lisbon, Portugal, a city contain-
ing 150,000 inhabitants, was almost entirely destroyed. The shock of the
earthquake, says Mr. Sears, in his "Wonders of the World," page 200,
"was instantly followed by the fall of every church and convent, almost
all the large public buildings, and one fourth of the houses. In about two
hours afterward, fires broke out in different quarters, and raged with such
violence for the space of nearly three days that the city. was completely
desolated. The earthquake happened on a holy day, when the churches
and convents were full of people, very few of whom- escaped. . . .
The terror of the people was beyond description. Nobody wept: it was
beyond tears. They ran hither and thither, delirious with horror and
 THE SEVEN SEALS 205
astonishment, beating their faces and breasts, crying, Misericordia! the
world's at an end!' Mothers forgot their children, and ran about loaded
with crucifixed images. Unfortunately, many ran to the churches for
protection; but in vain was the sacrament exposed; in vain did the poor
creatures embrace the altars; images, priests, and people were buried in
one common ruin. . . . Ninety thousand persons are supposed to
have been lost on that fatal day."

12. What was to follow the great earthquake?

"And the sun became black as sackcloth of hair, and the moon
became as blood." Same verse, latter part.
Nam.— This refers to the dark day and night of May 19, 1780, when
the darkness and gloom were such as to give the general impression that the
day of judgment was at hand. See readings on pages 225, 231.
781
J1
31 100 323 538 1517 1755 DID
Purity I Persectdil Apostasy rant Ages and Inquisition ref ormation lAdvat mesa& rue in &avail
WHITE RED BLACK PALE SOWS nut SIGNS Or SECOND
I HORSE HORSE. HORSE _ HORSE THE MDR THE END , _ ADVENT
•
THE SEVEN SEALS

13. What other event is mentioned under this seal?

"And the stars of heaven fell unto the earth, even as a fig-tree
casteth her untimely figs, when she is shaken of a mighty wind."
Verse 13.
NOTES.— This was fulfilled in the wonderful meteoric shower of Nov.
13, 1833. Describing the scene in the vicinity of Niagara Falls, one writer
says: "No spectacle so terribly grand and sublime was ever before beheld
by man as that of the firmament descending in fiery torrents over the dark
and roaring cataract."—"Our First Century," page 330; also The American
Cyclopedia, edition 1881, article "Meteor." See readings just referred to.
A contributor, writing for the Journal of Commerce of Nov. 14,
11433, in regard to the falling stars of Nov. 13, 1833, said: "Were I to hunt
through nature for a simile, I could not find one so apt to illustrate the
appearance of the heavens as that which St. John uses in the prophecy.
The falling stars did not come as if from several trees shaken, but as from
one; those which appeared in the east, fell toward the east; those which
appeared in the west, fell toward the west; and those which appeared in the
south, fell toward the south. And they fell not as the ripe fruit falls,—
far from it,— but they flew, they were cast, like the unripe fruit which at
first refuses to leave the branch; and when, under a violent pressure, it
does break its hold, it flies swiftly, straight of, descending; and in the mul-
titude falling, some cross the track of others, as they are thrown with more
or less f&ce; but each one falls- on its own side of the tree." See page 233.
14. What is the next event mentioned in the prophecy?
"And the heaven departed as a scroll when it is rolled together;
and every mountain and island were moved out of their places."
Verse 14.
NOTE.— This event is still future, and will take place in connection
with Christ's second coming. We are now standing between the two
events,— the last of the signs in the heavens, and the parting of the heavens
206 BIBLE READINGS
and removal of earthly things out of their places. The great signs here
mentioned which mark the approach of Christ's second coming and the
dissolution of all earthly things, are all in the past, and the world awaits the
sound of the last trump as the closing scene in earth's drama.
15. How will this great event affect the world?
"And the kings of the earth, and the great men, and the
rich men, and the chief captains, and the mighty men, and every
bondman, and every freeman, hid themselves in the dens and
in the rocks of the mountains; and said to the mountains and
rocks, Fall on us, and hide us from the face of Him that sitteth
on the throne, and from the wrath of the Lamb : for the great day
of His wrath is come; and who shall be able to stand?" Verses
15-17.
16. After the sealing work brought to view in Revelation 7,
which takes place under the sixth seal, how is the seventh seal
introduced?
"And when He had opened the seventh seal, there was silence
in heaven about the space of half an hour." Rev. 8: 1.
Nom— The sixth seal introduced the events connected with the
second coming of Christ. The seventh seal most naturally, therefore,
would refer to that event, or to some accompanying result of it. When
Christ comes, all the holy angels will accompany Him (Matt. 25: 31); and it
follows that silence will necessarily, therefore, reign in heaven during their
absence. A half-hour of prophetic time would be about seven days. The
seven seals, therefore, bring us down to the second coming of Christ.

THE SEVEN TRUMPETS

1. FOLLOWING the seven seals, under what symbols was the
next series of thrilling events shown the apostle John?
"And I saw the seven angels which stood before God; and to
them were given seven trumpets." Rev. 8: 2.
2. With what do these trumpets deal?
With the wars, commotions, and political upheavals which
result in the breaking up and downfall of the Roman Empire,
— the first four with the downfall of Western Rome, the fifth
and sixth with the downfall of Eastern Rome, and the seventh
with the final downfall of Rome in its broadest sense, or all the
kingdoms of the world. See Revelation 8 and 9, and 11: 14-19.
A trumpet is a symbol of war. Jer. 4:19, 20; Joel 2: 1-11.
3. Under what figures is the first trumpet described?
"The first angel sounded, and there followed hail and fire
mingled with blood, and they were cast upon the earth: and the
 THE SEVEN TRUMPETS 207

third part of trees was burnt up, and all green grass was
burnt up." • Rev. 8: 7.
Nora.— "Twice, at least, before the Roman Empire became divided
permanently into the two parts, the Eastern and the Western, there was a
tripartite division of the empire. The first occurred 311 A. n. when it was
divided between Constantine, Licinius, and Maximin; the other , 337 A. D.,
on the death of Constantine, when it was divided between his three sons,
Constantine, Constans, and Constantius."— Albert Barnes, on Rev. 12: 4.
To Constantius was given Constantinople and the East; to Constans,
Italy Illyricum, and northern Africa; and to Constantine II, Britain, Gaul,
and Spain.
This trumpet describes the first great invasion upon Western or ancient
Rome, by the Goths, under Altaic, from 395 A. D. to 410 A. n. In 408 he
descended upon Italy, the middle "third part," pillaging and burning
cities, and slaughtering their inhabitants. Says Gibbon, in his "Decline
and Fall of the Roman Empire," chapter 33, closing sentence, "The union
of the Roman Empire was dissolved; its genius was humbled in the dust;
and armies of unknown barbarians, issuing from the- frozen regions of the
North, had established their victorious reign over the fairest provinces of
Europe and Africa."

4. What striking figure is used to describe the destruction

wrought under the second trumpet?
"And the second angel sounded, and as it were a great moun-
tain burning with fire was cast into the sea: and the third part of
the sea became blood; and the third part of the creatures which
were in the sea, and had life, died; and the third part of the ships
were destroyed." Verses 8, 9.
NOTE.- This describes the invasions and conquests of the Vandals
under the terrible Genseric — first of Africa, and later of Italy — from 428
to 476 A. D. His conquests were largely by sea. In a single night, near
Carthage, he destroyed, by fire and sword, more than half of the Roman
fleet, consisting of 1,113 ships and over 100,000 men. See Gibbon's
"Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire," chapter 36.

5. What was to take place under the third trumpet?

"And the third angel sounded, and there fell a great star
from heaven, burning as it were a lamp, and it fell upon the third
part of the rivers, and upon the fountains of waters; and the
name of the star is called Wormwood: and the third part of the
waters became wormwood; and many men died of the waters,
because they were made bitter." Verses 10, 11.
NoTEs.— The harassing invasions and conquests of Attila, the Hun,
are foretold here. His conquests were characterized by fire, sword, and
pillage along the Rhine, in Gaul, and northern Italy. He claimed descent
from Nimrod, styled himself the "Scourge of God" and the "Dread of the
World," and boasted that grass would never grow again where his horse
had trod. His greatest battle was at Chalons, in Gaul, 451 A. n., where of
his 700,000 men from 100,000 to 300,000 are said to have been left dead
on the field. See Gibbon's Rome, chapter 35, and "Fifteen Decisive
Battles of the World," by Sir Edward Creasy, chapter 6.
208 BIBLE READINGS
Says Gibbon (chapter 34), "In the reign of Attila, the Huns again
became the terror of the world ; " and he proceeds to describe "the character
and actions of that formidable barbarian, who," he says, "alternately ins
suited and invaded the East and the West, and urged the rapid downfall
of the Roman Empire."
6. What was to occur under the fourth trumpet?
"And the fourth angel sounded, and the third part of the sun
was smitten, and the third part of the moon, and the third part of
the stars; so as the third part of them was darkened, and the
day shone not for a third part of it, and the night likewise."
Verse 12.
NOTE.— This trumpet brings us to the fall of Western Rome, in 476
A. D., when the Herulian barbarians, under the leadership of Odoacer, took
possession of the city and scepter of Rome; and the great empire which
had hitherto been the empress of the world was reduced to a poor duke-
dom, tributary to the exarch of Ravenna. Its luminaries, or civil rulers,
were smitten, and ceased to shine. "Italy now became in effect a province
of the empire of the East. The Roman Empire in the West had come to
an end, after an existence from the founding of Rome of 1,229 years."
— Myers's "General History," page 348.
7. What was to be the character of the last three trumpets?
"And I beheld, and heard an angel flying through the midst
of heaven, saying with a loud voice, Woe, woe, woe, to the in-
habiters of the earth by reason of the other voices of the trum-
pet of the three angels, which are yet to sound!" Verse 13.
AD. TEE
395 476 622 1449 1453 1840 END
FIRST SECOND THIRD FOURTH FIFTH SIXTH SEVENTH
TRUMPET TRUMPET TRUMPET TRUMPET TRUMPET TRUMPET TRUMPET
— — —, — FIRST WOE SECOND WOE THIRD WOE
Invasion from NavalAttack Western Last — —. Nations angry.
the - on Empire emperor God's wrath
north Italy invaded dethroned Conquests Conquests impending:
by the by the bythe by the of the of theMystFy of
GOTHS VANDALS HUNS HERULI SARACENS TURKS God fuushed.
MOHAM FOUR. N n pr -
ALARIC GENSERIC ATTILA ODOACER D ar or
OTHMAN SULTANIES Armageddon.

DOWNFALL OF WESTERN ROME DOWNFALL OF EASTERN ROME DOWNFALL OF

(Constantinople (Ottonien power) THE WORLD

THE SEVEN TRUMPETS

8. After the fall of Western Rome, what power in the East

arose to harass and overrun the Roman world, East and West?
Mohammedanism, commonly known as the Turkish or Otto-
man power, which arose in Arabia, with Mohammed. in 622 A. D.
9. How is the fifth trumpet, or first woe, introduced?
 THE SEVEN TRUMPETS 209

"And the fifth angel sounded, and I saw a star fall from
heaven unto the earth: and to him was given the key of the bottom-
less pit. And he opened the bottomless pit; and there arose a
smoke out of the pit, as the smoke of a great furnace; and the
sun and the air were darkened by reason of the smoke of the pit.
And there came out of the smoke locusts upon the earth: and unto
them was given power, as the scorpions of the earth have
power." Rev. 9: 1-3.
NOTES.— Attila is symbolized by the star of the third trumpet (Rev.
8: 10, 11); Mohammed, by the star of this trumpet. The bottomless pit
doubtless refers to the wastes of the Arabian desert, from which came forth
the Mohammedans, or Saracens of Arabia, like swarms of locusts. The
darkening caused by the smoke from this pit fitly represents the spread
of Mohammedanism and its doctrines over Asia, Africa, and portions of
Europe. Their power as scorpions is strikingly seen in their vigorous and
speedy attacks upon, and overthrow of, their enemies.
"Over a large part of Spain, over north Africa, Egypt, Syria, Baby-
lonia, Persia, north India, and portions of Central Asia were spread to
the more or less perfect exclusion of native customs, speech, and worship —
the manners, the language, and the religion of the Arabian conquerors."
— Myers's "General History," page 401.
10. What command was given these locusts?
"And it was commanded them that they should not hurt
the grass of the earth, neither any green thing, neither any tree;
but only those men which have not the seal of God in their fore-
heads." Verse 4.
NOTE8.— When the Arabian tribes were gathered for the conquest
of Syria, 633 A. D., the caliph Abu-Bekr, the successor of Mohammed, in-
structed the chiefs of his army not to allow their victory to be "stained
with the blood of women and children;" to "destroy no palm-treest nor
burn ay fields of corn;" to "cut down no fruit-trees, nor do any mischief to
cattle;"and to spare those religious persons "who live retired in monas-
teries, and propose to themselves to serve God in that way;" but, he said,
" you will find another sort of people that belong to the synagogue of Satan,
who have shaven crowns: be sure you cleave their skulls and give them no
quarter till they either turn Mohammedan or pay tribute." In this,
Mohammedanism, itself a false religion, is revealed as a scourge to apostate
Christianity.
"In a short time they [the Mohammedan Saracens] had taken from the
Aryans all the principal old Semitic lands,— Palestine, Syria, Mesopo-
tamia, Assyria, and Babylonia. To these was soon added Egypt."
— Encyclopedia Britannica, article "Mohammedanism."
11. What were these locusts said to have over them?
"And they had a king over them, which is the angel of the
bottomless pit, whose name in the Hebrew tongue is Abaddon,
but in the Greek tongue hath his name Apollyon [margin, a
destroyer]." Verse 11.
Novas.— For hundreds of years the Mohammedans and invading
Tartar tribes, like the locusts (Prov. 30:27), had no general government
or king over them, but were divided into bands, or factions, under separate
14
210 BIBLE READINGS

leaders. But in the twelfth century Temuljin, king of the Mongols, or

Moguls, who is described as "the most terrible scourge that ever afflicted
the human race," built up an empire "at the cost," it is estimated, says
Myers in his "General History," page 461, of "fifty thousand cities and
towns and five million lives." This was followed by the more permanent
Tartar empire founded by Othman a century later, commonly known as the
Ottomau..Empire, and ruled by the sultan.
From the first, the great cluiricterlstle of the Turkish government has
been that of a. "destroyer." Speaking of a war by the Turks upon the
Byzantine Empire in 1050, Gibbon (chapter 57) says: "The myriads of
Turkish horse overspread a frontier of six hundred miles from Tauris to
Erzeroum, and the blood of one hundred and thirty thousand Christians
was a grateful sacrifice to the Arabian prophet."
In 1058 the Turks wrested the Holy Land from the Saracens, dese-
crated the holy places, and treated the pilgrims to Jerusalem with cruelty.
This brought on the nine unsuccessful crusades of the next two centuries
for the recovery of the Holy Land.

12. What definite period is mentioned under this, trumpet?

"And they had tails like unto scorpions, and there were
stings in their tails: and their power was to hurt men five
months." Verse 10. See also verse 5.
NOTES.— "It was on the twenty-seventh of July, in the year 1299,"
says Gibbon, "that Othman first invaded the territory of Nicomedia,"
in Asia Minor, "and the singular accuracy of the date," he adds, "seems to
disclose some foresight of the rapid and destructive growth of the monster."
—"Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire," chap. 64, par. 14. This, then,
we take to be the beginning of the period referred to.
A Bible month consists of thirty days; five months would be 150 days.
Allowing a day for a.year, 150 years from July 27, 1299, would reach to
July. 27, 1449. During this period the Turks were engaged in almost
constant warfare with the Greek Empire, and yet without conquering it.

13. With what statement does the fifth trumpet close?

"One woe is past; and, behold, there come two woes more
hereafter." Verse 12.
14. What command is given under the sixth trumpet?
"And the sixth angel sounded, and I heard a voice from the
four horns of the golden altar which is before God, saying to the
sixth angel which had the trumpet, Loose the four angels which
are bound in the great river Euphrates." Verses 13, 14.
NOTES.— These four angels are understood to refer to the four lead-
ing Turkish sultanies — Aleppo, Iconium, Damascus, and Bagdad — of
which the Ottoman Empire was composed, situated in the country watered
by the river Euphrates.
As a striking parallel it may be noted that under the sixth plague
(Rev. 16: 12-16), the four angels of Rev. 7: 1-3 will loose the winds of war,
the waters of the river Euphrates (the Turkish Empire) will be dried up,
and the armies of the nations will assemble for the battle of Armageddon.

15. What warlike scene is given under this trumpet?

 • THE SEVEN TRUMPETS 211
"The number.of the armies of the horsemen was twice ten
thousand times ten thousand: . . . and the heads of the horses
are as the heads of lions; and out of their mouths proceedeth fire
and smoke and brimstone." Verses 16, 17, R. V.
Norse.—" In the year 1453, Mohammed II, the Great, sultan of
the Ottomans, laid siege to the capital [Constantinople], with an
army of over 200,000 men. After a short investment, the place was
taken by storm. The cross, which since the time of Constantine the
Great had surmounted the dome of St. Sophia, was replaced by the
crescent, which remains to this day."— Myers's "General History,"
edition 1902, pages 462, 463.
Thus Constantinople, the eastern seat of the Roman Empire since
the days of, Constantine, was captured by the Turks.
Referec
e also seems to be made here to the use of firearms,
which began to be employed by the Turks toward the close of the
thirteenth century, and which, discharged from horseback, would
give the appearance of fire and smoke issuing from the horses'
mouths. In the battle of Armageddon, to which allusion may here
be made, an army of " twice ten thousand times ten thousand," or
two hundred million, will doubtless be assembled.
16. What was the result of this warfare by means of "fire
and smoke and brimstone "?
• " By these three was the third part of men killed." Verse 18.
NoTs—,This shows the deadly effect of this new means of war-
fare. " Constantinople was subdued, her empire subverted, and her
religion trampled in. the dust by the Moslem conquerors."— Elliott's
"Hone Apocalyptiece," Vol. 1, page 484.
17. What definite period is mentioned under this trumpet?
"And the four angels were loosed, which were prepared for
an hour, and a day, and, a month, and a year, for to slay the
third part of men." Verse 15.
NOTE.— An hour in prophetic time is equal to fifteen days; a day
stands for a year, a month for thirty years, a year for 360 years.
Added together, these amount to 391 years and fifteen days, the time
allotted for the Ottoman supremacy. Commencing July 27, 1449, the
date of the close of the fifth trumpet, this period would end Aug. 11,
1840. In exact fulfilment of the words of inspiration, this date marks
the fall of the Ottoman Empire as an independent power. His empire
Wasted beyond hope of recovery in a war with Mohammed Ali, pasha
of Egypt, the sultan of Turkey submitted to the dictates of the then
four great powers of Europe, and his minister, Rif at Bey, on that
very day, Aug. 11, 1840, reached Alexandria, bearing, not the sultan's
ultimatum, but that of the towers, to place in the hands of the re-
bellious pasha. Since then Turkey has existed only by the help or
sufferance of the great powers of Europe, and has commonly been
referred to as " the Sick Man of the East."
18. With what announcement does the sixth trumpet close?
"The second woe is past; and, behold, the third woe cometh
quickly." Lev. 11: 14.
Now.-- The definite period under the sixth trumpet brings us to
1840, when Turkey lost her independence.- Her final downfall, we
understand, will come at the opening of the seventh trumpet.
212 BIBLE READINGS
19. What is to be finished when the seventh trumpet is
about to sound?
"But in the days of the voice of the seventh angel, when he
is about to sound, then is finished the mystery of God, according
to the good tidings which He declared to His servants the
prollets." Rev- 10:7) R. V-
Now.— The mystery of God is the gospel. Eph. 3: 3-6; Gal. 1 : 11,
12. When this trumpet is about to sound, therefore, the gospel will close,
and the end will come. The " time of trouble," of Dan. 12: 1, and the
seven last plagues and the battle of Armageddon, spoken of in Revelation
16, will take place when this trumpet begins to sound.
20. What event marks the sounding of the seventh trumpet?
"And the seventh angel sounded; and there were great voices
in heaven, saying, The kingdoms of this world are become the king-
doms of our Lord, and of His Christ; and He shall reign forever
and ever. And the four and twenty elders, which sat before God
on their seats, fell upon their faces, and worshiped God, say-
ing, We give Thee thanks, 0 Lord God Almighty, which art,
and wast, and art to come; because Thou hast taken to Thee
Thy great power, and hast reigned." Rev. 11: 15-17.
NOTE.— The seventh trumpet, therefore, brings us to the setting up
of God's everlasting kingdom.
21. What is the condition of the nations, and what other
events are due or impending at this time?
"And the nations were angry, and Thy wrath is come, and the
time of the dead, that they should be judged, and that Thou
shouldest give reward unto Thy servants the prophets, and to the
saints, and them that fear Thy name, small and great; and
shouldest destroy them which destroy the earth." Verse 18.
NOTES.— The closing scenes of this world's history and the judgment
are clearly brought to view here. Ever since the loss of independence by
the Ottoman Empire in 1840, the nations have been preparing for war as
never before, in view of international complications and a world war which
all fear is inevitable upon the dissolution of Turkey and the final disposition
of its territory. Towering above all others, the Eastern question has been
the one of paramount concern to them.
The investigative judgment began in heaven in 1844, at the close of
the prophetic period of 2300 days. See readings on pages 158, 165, 170,
174. When this is finished, the time of reward will have arrived, the end
will have come, and the saints will themselves sit in judgment. See Rev.
20:4; 1 Cor. 6:1-3.
22. What scene in heaven was presented to the prophet
as the seventh trumpet was about to sound?
"And the temple of God was opened in heaven, and there was
seen in His temple the ark of His testament: and there were light-
nings, and voices, and thunderings, and an earthquake, and
great hail." Rev. 11: 19.
 THE SEVEN TRUMPETS 213
NOTES.- This forcibly calls attention to the closing work of Christ
in the second apartment, or most holy place, of the sanctuary in heaven,
which began in 1844. See readings referred to in preceding note. The
reference to the ark of God's testament is a forcible reminder also of that
which is to be the standard in the judgment,— the law of God, or ten com-
mandments. See Eccl. 12 : 13, 14; Rom. 2:12, 13 ;James 2: 8-12.
From its closing words — the reference to "great hail" — the seventh
trumpet evidently embraces the seven last plagues (see Rev. 16: 17, 18);
and from its opening words — "the kingdoms of this world are become the
kingdoms of our Lord" — it marks the setting up of God's everlasting
kingdom.

THE EASTERN QUESTION

1. WHAT, briefly stated, is the Eastern question?
The driving out of Turkey from Europe, and the final ex-
tinction of the Turkish Empire, with the world-embracing
events that follow. It has been otherwise described as "the
driving of the Turk in4 o Asia. and a scramble for his territory."
2. What scriptures are devoted to the Turkish power?
Dan. 11: 40-45; Revelation 9; and Rev. 16: 12.
NOTE.- In the eleventh chapter of Daniel, Turkey is dealt with
under the title of the "king of the north;" in Revelation 9, under the
sounding of the fifth and sixth "trumpets;" and in Revelation 16, under
the symbol of the drying up of the water of the chief river of the Turkish
Asiatic possessions, " the great river Euphrates." The actual drying up
of the river Euphrates was the signal for the overthrow of ancient Babylon.
3. When did Turkey take Constantinople, and thus the
northern division of ancient Greece and Rome?
In A. D. 1453, under Mohammed II. See page 211.
NoTE.— After the death of Alexander the Great, the Grecian Empire
was divided by his four leading generals, Cassander, Lysimachus, Seleucus,
and Ptolemy, into four parts,— east, west, north, and south,— the first
three of which were shortly afterward absorbed into one kingdom, the
,
kingdom of the north, Egypt remaining the king, or kingdom of the south.
In the breaking up of the Roman Empire, the Turks gained possession
of the Holy Land in A. D. 1058, and finally ofantinople,
Const and consider-
able portions of eastern Europe the kingdom of the north ,— in 453, to
which, with varying fortunes Laid shrinking geographical boundaries, it has
held ever since.
4. How has Turkey been regarded by European nations?
"The Turks have ever remained quite insensible to the in-
fluences of European civilization, and their government has been
a perfect blight and curse to the countries subject to their rule.
They have always been looked upon as intruders in Europe, and
their presence there has led to several of the most sanguinary
wars of modern times. Gradually they have been pushed out
from their European possessions, and the time is probably not
214 13IBLE READINGS
very far distant when they will be driven back across the Bos-
porus."— Myers's "General History," edition 1902, page 463.
5. When did the independence of Turkey cease?
In 1840, at the close of a two years' war between Turkey and
Egypt, when the fate of Turkey was placed in the hands of four
great powers- of Europe,— Englanil, Russia, Austria, and
Prussia. See page 212, under question 19.
6. What is one of the last predictions of the prophecy of
Daniel concerning the king of the north?
"But tidings out of the east and out of the north shall trouble
him: therefore he shall go forth with great fury to destroy, and
utterly to make away many." Dan. "11:44.
NOTE.— Upon this, Dr. Adam Clarke, writing in 1825, said: "If the
Turkish power be understood, as in the preceding verses, it may mean that
the Persians on the east and the Russians on the north will at some time
greatly embarrass the Ottoman government." Such indeed was the case,
and these conditions brought on the Crimean war of 1853-56, between
Russia and Turkey. In this war England and France came to the help of
Turkey, and prevented Russia from grasping Constantinople, her coveted
prize, and thus gaining access to the Dardanelles and the Mediterranean
Sea, and so possessing herself of the gateway of commerce between Europe
and Asia. Without an outlet to the sea, Russia cannot be a strong naval
power. In his celebrated will, Peter the Great of Russia (1672-1725) ad-
monished his countrymen thus: "Take every possible means of gaining
Constantinople and the Indies, for," said he, "he who rules there will be
the true sovereign of the world; excite war continually in Turkey and
Persia; . . . get control, of the sea by degrees; . . . advance to the
Indies, which are the great depot of the world. Once there, we can do with-
out the gold of England." The authenticity of this will has been ques-
tioned, but it outlines a policy which Russia has quite faithfully pursued.
7. What since 1840 has saved Turkey from complete over-
throw?
The help and interference of various European powers.
NOTE.—“ft is not too much to say that England has twice saved
Turkey from complete subjection since 1853. It is largely — mainly -
due to our action that she now exists at all as an independent power. On
both these occasions we dragged the powers of Europe along with us in
maintaining the Ottoman government."— Duke of Argyle (1895), in " The
Turkish-Armenian Question," page 17.
8. Why have these powers thus helped Turkey?
Not from love for Turkey, but for fear of the international
complications that its downfall might entail.
NoTEs.— In his Mansion House speech, Nov. 9, 1895, Lord Salis-
bury, responding to a wide-spread demand for the overthrow of the Turk-
ish power, said: Turkey is in that remarkable condition that it has now
stood for half a century, mainly because the great powers of the world have
resolved that for the peace of Christendom it is necessary that the Ottoman
 THE EASTERN QUESTION 215
Empire should stand. They came to that conclusion nearly half a century
ago. I do not think they have altered it now. The danger, if the Otto-
man Empire fall, would not merely be the danger that would threaten the
territories of which that empire consists; it would be the danger that the fire
there lit should spread to other nations, and should involve all that is most
powerful and civilized in Europe in a dangerous and calamitous contest. That
was a danger that was present to the minds of our fathers when they re-
solved to make the integrity and independence of the Ottoman Empire a
matter of European treaty, and that is a danger winca Has NOT PASSED
AWAY."
"The Balkan, or Near Eastern, question has been one of the most
complicated political problems of the world's history for half a century.
. . . For four centuries and a half, or ever since the conquering
Turk crossed the Bosporus and took Constantinople, the grim contest
has been on to dislodge him by war and diplomacy."— American Review
of Reviews, November, 1912.
Nearly a century ago, Napoleon, while a prisoner on St. Helena,
explained that when emperor of France, he would not consent for Alex-
ander, the czar of Russia, to have Constantinople, "foreseeing that the
equilibrium of Europe would be destroyed."
9. What is the divine prediction regarding the future and
final downfall of the king of the north?
"And he shall plant the tabernacles of his palace between
the seas in the glorious holy mountain: yet he shall come to his
end, and none shall help him." Dan. 11:45.
NOTE.— It would seem natural that the Ottoman government should
make its last stand at Jerusalem. Around the city of the Holy Sepulcher
and the tombs of the "saints" has been waged for long years a war between
the followers of Islam and the believers in the Christian religion. In this
place, many Bible students believe, Turkey will come to her end in fulfil-
ment of this scripture.

10. Under which of the seven last plagues is the water of

the Euphrates (Turkey) to be dried up, and for what purpose?
"And the sixth angel poured out his vial upon the great river
Euphrates; and the water thereof was dried up, that the way of
the kings of the East might be prepared." Rev. 16: 12.
Nom.— For years the drying up process of the Turkish Empire has
been in progress, as may be seen from the following: —
(1) In 1783 Turkey was compelled to surrender to Russia the terri-
tory of the Crimea, including all the countries east of the Caspian Sea.
(2) In 1828 Greece secured her independence.
(3) In 1830 Algeria was ceded to France.
(4) In 1867 Turkey was forced to recognize the independence of Egypt.
(5) In the same year Turkey lost possession of Servia and Bosnia.
(6) 1878 the Treat__ of Berlin granted autonomous government to
Bulgaria and independence to Roumelia Roumania, and Montenegro.
(7) In 1912 Tripoli was taken over' by Italy.
(8) In 1912 and 1913 the Balkan States and Greece dispossessed
Turkey of nearly all of her remaining territory in Europe.
11. Under this plague, what incites the nations to war?
216 BIBLE READINGS

"And I saw three unclean spirits like frogs come out of the
mouth of the dragon, and out of the mouth of the beast, and out
of the mouth of the false prophet. For they are the spirits of
devils, working miracles, which go forth unto the kings of the
earth and of the whole world, to gather them to the battle of that
great day of God Almighty." Verses 13, 14.
12. At this time, what event is near at hatie-
" Behold, I come as a thief. Blessed is he that watcheth, and
keepeth his garments, lest he walk naked, and they see his
shame." Verse 15.
13. To what place will the nations be gathered for battle?
"And he gathered them together into a place called in the
Hebrew tongue Armageddon." Verse 16.
NOTE.- Armageddon consists of a great triangular plain in northern
Palestine, twelve by fifteen by eighteen miles, extending southeast from
Mt. Carmel, otherwise known as the plain of Esdraelon, or valley of Jezreel.
It has been the scene of many great battles, such as that of Gideon's over-
throw of the Midianites (Judges 6, 7), when "the Lord set every man's
sword against his fellow;" of Saul's defeat by the Philistines (1 Sam. 29:
1; 1 Chronicles 10); and of Josiah's defeat by Pharaoh Necho (2 Kings 23:
29, 30; 2 Chron. 35:20-24): and, as this scripture indicates, it is the place
where, under the influence of evil spirits just preceding Christ's second
coming, the great armies of the world will be gathered for their final struggle
and utter destruction under the seventh plague.
14. When the king of the north comes to his end, what,
according to the prophecy, is to take place?
"And at that time shall Michael stand up, the great Prince
which standeth for the children of thy people: and there shall be
a time of trouble, such as never was since there was a nation even
to that same time: and at that time thy people shall be delivered,
every one that shall be found written in the book." Dan. 12: 1.
Nary.— The expression "stand up" occurs eight times in this line
of prophecy (Daniel 11 and 12), and in each case means to reign. See
Dan. 11 : 2, 3, 4, 7, 14, 20, 21; 12:1. Michael is Christ, as will be seen by
comparing Jude 9, 1 Thess. 4: 16, and John 5 : 25. When the Turkish
Empire is brought to an end, therefore, the time will have come for Christ
to receive His kingdom (Luke 19: 11-15), and begin His reign. This great
change will be ushered in by the downfall, not only of Turkey, but of all
nations (Rev. 11: 15) ; by the time of trouble here spoken of; by the seven
last plagues described in Revelation 16; and by the deliverance of all God's
people,—those whose names are found written in the book of life (Rev.
3: 5; 20: 12),— which shows that probation and the investigative judgment
will then be past.
15. What will take place at this time?
"And many of them that sleep in the dust of the earth shall
awake, some to everlasting life, and some to shame and ever-
lasting contempt." Verse 2.
 THE EASTERN QUESTION 217

Novas.— At the resurrection of Christ there was a special resurrection,

when many of the saints were raised from the dead, were seen of many, and
were taken to heaven with Christ at His ascension. Matt. 27 : 52, 53;
Eph. 4: 8. So, just prior to Christ's second coming and the general resur-
rection of the righteous many of the sleeping saints, and some colossal sin-
ners (those that "pierced Him," Rev. 1: 7), it seems, will be raised to wit-
ness His coming, and hear God's covenant of peace with His people.
This line of prophecy, therefore, brings us down to the resurrection of
the righteous, which takes place at the second advent.
16. What false message will- go forth before 'destruction
comes upon those unprepared for Christ's coming and kingdom?
"For yourselves know perfectly that the day of the Lord so
cometh as a thief in the night. For when they shall say, Peace
and safety; then sudden destruction cometh upon them, . . .
and they shall not escape." 1 Thess. 5: 2, 3.
NOTE.—As in the crusades of the twelfth and thirteenth centuries,
the idea will be to rescue the Holy Land from the Mohammedans, and
make Jerusalem the center of a glorious kingdom, with Christ as king.
The Papacy itself, it is thought by some, will at this time remove its
seat to Jerusalem. and issue a great, peace proclamation, directing the
nations to beat their swords into plowshares and their spears into
pruning-hooks, and calling upon all to come up to the mountain of the
Lord, as described in Isa. 2:2-5 and Micah 4:1-5. Infatuated by the
doctrine of a temporal millennium, many nations will join in the call,
and say, " For out of Zion shall go forth the law, and the word of the
Lord from Jerusalem." Isa. 2:3.
But others believe that the Moslems will again occupy Palestine.
It is not for any one to tell how the prophecy shall be fulfilled. It
may not be amiss, however, to remark that the wording of the proph-
ecy itself suggests only a very temporary occupation of Jerusalem by
the king of the north, or, in other words, by the Mohammedans.

THE SEVEN LAST PLAGUES

1. WHAT is God's final warning against false worship?
"If any man worship the beast and his image, and receive
his mark in his forehead, or in his hand, the same shall drink of
the wine of the wrath of God, which is poured out without mixture
into the cup of His indignation; and he shall be tormented with
fire and brimstone in the presence of the holy angels, and in the
presence of the Lamb." Rev. 14: 9, 10.
Nara.— During probationary time God's wrath is always tempered,
or mingled, with mercy. Thus the prophet Habakkuk prays, "In wrath
remember mercy." Hab. 3.2. God's wrath unmixed with mercy is
visited only when mercy has done its final work, and evil has gone to the
limit, so that there is "no remedy." See Gen. 6:3; 15: 16; 19:12, 13;
2 Chron. 36:16; Matt. 23:37, 38; Luke 19: 42-44; 2 Peter 2: 6; Jude 7.

2. In what is the wrath of God filled up?

"And I saw another sign in heaven, great and marvelous,
218 BIBLE READINGS

seven angels having the seven last plagues; for in them is filled up
the wrath of God." Rev. 15: 1.
3. How does Joel describe the day of the Lord?
"Alas for the day! for the day of the Lord is at hand, and as
a destruction from the Almighty shall it come." "For the day
of the Lord is great and vety 'terrible'; "and Who ban abide it?"
Joel 1: 15; 2: 11.
4. What has Daniel said of this time?
"And there shall be a time of trouble, such as never was since
there was a nation even to that same time: and at that time thy
people shall be delivered, every one that shall be found written
in the book." Dan. 12: 1. See Eze. 7: 15-19.
NOTE.— The seven last plagues will be the most terrible scourges
ever visited upon man. As Ahab accused Elijah of being the cause of
Israel's calamities (1 Kings 18: 17, 18), so, in the time of trouble, the wicked
and those who have departed from God will be enraged at the righteous,
will accuse them as being the cause of the plagues, and will seek to destroy
them as did Haman the Jews. See Esther 3: 8-14. But God will mi-
raculously deliver His people at this time as He did then.
5. What will be the first plague, and upon whom will it fall?
"And the first went, and poured out his vial upon the earth;
and there fell a noisome and grievous sore upon the men which had
the mark of the beast, and upon them which worshiped his image."
Rev. 16:2.
6. What will constitute the second plague?
"And the second angel poured out his vial upon the sea;
and it became as the blood of a dead man: and every living soul
died in the sea." Verse 3.
7. What will be the third plague?
"And the third angel poured out his vial upon the rivers
and fountains of waters; and they became blood." Verse 4.
NOTE.— The second plague affects the sea. The third plague comes
closer to the habitations of men, and affects the land. The water supplies
are contaminated.
8. Why, under these plagues, does the Lord give men blood
to drink?
"For they have shed the blood of saints and prophets, and Thou
hast given them blood to drink; for they are worthy." Verse 6.
Now.— In this is shown God's abhorrence of oppression and perse-
cution. The plagues are God's rebukes against colossal forms of sin.
9. What will be the fourth plague?
 THE SEVEN LAST PLAGUES 219
"And the fourth angel poured out his vial upon the sun;
and power was given 'unto him to scorch men with fire." Verse 8.
See Joel 1: 16-20.
Norm.— Sun-worship is the most ancient and wide-spread of all forms
of idolatry. In this plague God manifests His displeasure at this form of
idolatry. That which men have worshiped as a god, becomes a plague
and tormentor. Thus it was in the plagues of Egypt. Those things which
the Egyptians had worshiped became scourges to them instead of bene-
factors and blessings. See "The Philosophy of the Plan of Salvation,"
by "An American Citizen," chapter 3.
10. Will even this terrible judgment lead men to repent?
"And men were scorched with great heat, and blasphemed
the name of God, which hath power over these plagues: and they
repented not to give Him glory." Verse 9.
11. What will be the fifth plague?
"And the fifth angel poured out his vial upon the seat of the
beast; and his kingdom was full of darkness; and they gnawed
their tongues for pain." Verse 10.
Nom.— This plague strikes at the very seat of the great apostasy of
the latter da.ys, the Papacy. It will doubtless be similar in effect to the
like plague in Egypt, which was a darkness that could "be felt." Ex.
10:21-23. By this plague that iniquitous, haughty, and apostate spiritual
despotism which has set itself up as possessing all truth, and as being the
light of 'the world, is enshrouded in midnight darkness.
12. What takes place under the sixth plague?
"And the sixth angel poured out his vial upon the great
river Euphrates; and the water thereof was dried up, that the way
of the kings of the East might be prepared." Verse 12.
NOTE.- This, we understand, refers to the drying up of the Turkish
Empire by the great world powers preparatory to the battle of Armageddon.
See preceding reading.
13.What gathers the nations to the battle of Armageddon?
"And I saw three unclean spirits like frogs come out of the
mouth of the dragon, and out of the mouth of the beast, and out
of the mouth of the false prophet. For they are the spirits of
devils, working miracles, which go forth unto the kings of the
earth and of the whole world, to gather them to the battle of
that great day of God Almighty.. . . And he gathered
them together into a place called in the Hebrew tongue Arma-
geddon.' Verses 13-16.
Norm.-- This scripture shows that it is the spirit of Satan which
incites men to war, and explains why the great nations of the world are
now making such preparations for war. The dragon represents paganism;
the beast, the Papacy; and the false prophet, apostate Protestantism,—
220 BIBLE READINGS
the three great religious apostasies since the flood. The plain Esdraelon,
in southwestern Galilee, is the Armageddon here referred to. See note
on page 216.
14, At this time what event is imminent?
"Behold, I come as a thief. Blessed is he that watcheth,
and keepeth his garments, lest he walk naked, and they see his
shame." Verse 15.
15. What takes place under the seventh plague?
"And the seventh angel poured out his vial into the air.
. . . And there were voices, and thunders, and lightnings;
and there was a great earthquake, such as was not since men were
upon the earth, 'so mighty an earthquake, and so great. And
the great city was divided into three parts, and the cities of the
nations fell." Verses 17-19.
16. What accompanies the earthquake?
"And there fell upon men a great hail out of heaven, every
stone about the weight of a talent: and men blasphemed God
because of the plague of the hail; for the plague thereof was ex-
ceeding great." Verse 21. See Job 38: 22, 23; Ps. 7: 11-13.
17. What will the Lord be to His people at this time?
"The Lord also shall roar out of Zion, and utter His voice
from Jerusalem; and the heavens and the earth shall shake:
but the Lord will be the hope of His people, and the strength of the
children of Israel." Joel 3: 16. See Jer. 25:30, 31; Haggai 2:
21; Heb. 12:26; Ps. 91: 5-10.
Nara.— To prepare His people and the world for these terrible judg-
ments, the Lord, as in the days of Noah, sends a warning message to every
nation, kindred, tongue, and people. See Rev. 14: 6-10.
18. Just before the pouring out of the plagues, what call
does God send to His people still in Babylon?
"And I heard another voice from heaven, saying, Come out
of her, My people, that ye be not partakers of her sins, and that ye
receive not of her plagues. For her sins have reached unto
heaven, and God hath remembered her iniquities." Rev.
18:4, 5. See Gen. 19: 12-17; Jer. 51:6; and page 177.
NOTE.- As before the flood, many of God's people will doubtless
be laid away to rest shortly before the time of trouble. See Isa. 57:1;
Rev. 14:13. Referring to the time before the flood, an ancient book
says: " And all men who walked in the ways of the Lord, died in
those days, before the Lord brought the evil upon man which He had
declared, for this was from the Lord, that they should not see the
evil which the Lord spoke of concerning the sons of men."— Book of
Jasher 4:20. See also chapter 5:21 of the same book.
 THE SEVEN LAST PLAGUES 221
19. How suddenly will the plagues come upon modern
Babylon?
"Therefore shall her plagues come in one day, death, and
mourning, and famine; and she shall be utterly burned with
fire: for strong is the Lord God who judgeth her. . .. . For
in one hour is thy judgment come." Rev. 18: 8-10.
20. What famine will come at this time upon those who have
rejected God's messages of mercy?
"Behold, the days come, saith the Lord, that I will send a
famine in the land, not a famine of bread, nor a thirst for water,
but of hearing the words of the Lord: and they shall wander from
sea to sea, and from the north even to the east, they shall run
to and fro to seek the word of the Lord, and shall not find it."
Amos 8: 11, 12. See Luke 13:25; Prov. 1: 24-26; Heb. 12:
15-17.
21. What announcement is made under the seventh plague?
"And there came a great voice out of the temple of heaven,
from the throne, saying, It is done." Rev. 16: 17.
NOTE.- God made man to bless him. Gen. 1:28. When His
blessings are abused, He withholds them, to teach men their source and
their proper use. Haggai 1: 7-11. Judgments are sent that men may
"learn righteousness."Isa. 25:9; 1 Kings 17: 1. That men do not re-
pent under the plagues is no evidence that God has ceased to be merciful
and forgiving. They simply demonstrate that all have determined their
destiny, and that even the severest judgments of God will not move the
ungodly and impenitent to repentance.
22. Just preceding Christ's second coming, what solemn
decree will go forth showing that the cases of all have been
decided?
"He that is unjust, let him be unjust still: and he which is
filthy, let him be filthy still: and he that is righteous, let him be
righteous still: and he that is holy, let him be holy still. And,
behold, I come quickly; and My reward is with Me, to give every
man according as his work shall be." Rev. 22: 11, 12.
23. What psalms seem to have been written especially for
the comfort and encouragement of God's people during the
time of the seven last plagues?
• Psalms 91 and 46. See also Isa. 33: 13-17.
 THE MYSTERY OF GOD FINISHED
1. FOLLOWING his description of the sixth trumpet, what
did John see?
"And I saw another mighty angel come down from heaven,
clothed with a eloud: and a rainbow, was upon his head, and his
face was as it were the sun." Rev. 10: 1.
2. What did he have in his hand?
"And he had in his hand a little book open." Verse 2.
Nun.— The book of Daniel, which was to be "sealed," or closed,
till the time of the end, is doubtless referred to here. See Dan. 12:4, 9.
3. What solemn announcement did this angel make?
"And the angel which I saw . . . lifted up his hand to
heaven, and sware by Him that liveth forever and ever, who
created heaven, and the things that therein are, . . . that
there should be time no longer." Rev. 10: 5, 6.
NOTE.— Not literal nor probationary time, but prophetic time. The
2300-day period, which ended in 1844, must be alluded to here. See page
158. No prophetic period in the Bible reaches beyond this.
4. What did the angel say was to be finished when the
seventh trumpet was about to sound?
"But in the days of the voice of the seventh angel, when he
shall begin to sound, the mystery of God should be finished, as
He hath declared to His servants the prophets." Verse 7.
NOTE.— The mystery of God is the gospel. Eph. 3:1-6; Gal. 1:11, 12.
The gospel, then, is to be finished as the seventh trumpet is about to sound.
5. What was John told to do with the little book?
"Go and take the little book which is open in the hand of
the angel . . . and eat it up." Verses 8, 9.
6. What was to be the result of the eating of this book?
"It shall make thy belly bitter, but it shall be in thy mouth
sweet as honey." Verse 9, last part.
7. What does the apostle say of his experience in this matter?
"And I took the little book out of the angel's hand, and ate
it up; and it was in my mouth sweet as honey: and as soon as I
had eaten it, my belly was bitter." Verse 10.
NOTE.— In this is most strikingly foretold the experience of those who
proclaimed the advent and judgment-hour message of 1843-44. Joyous
in the hope that Christ was coming then, like the early disciples regarding
His first advent (Luke 24: 21 ; Acts 1: 6, 7), they were bitterly disappointed,
and found that there was still a work on earth for them to do, as did the
early disciples following the crucifixion, resurrection, and ascension of
Christ.
[2221
 THE MYSTERY OF GOD FINISHED 223
8. What words of the angel to John show that both literal
and probationary time were to continue yet for a time, and that
God had a still further message for the world?
"And he said unto me, Thou must prophesy again before
many peoples, and nations, and tongues, and kings." Verse 11.
Nom.— The message of Revelation 10 is the same as that of Rev. 14:
6 7' and the later messages of Rev. 14:8-12 answer to the instruction,
' must prophesy again," of Rev. 10: 11. But all are last-day mes-
"Thou
sages, and indicate that the end of all things is near at hand.

How long, 0 Lord our Saviour,

Wilt Thou remain away?
Our hearts are growing weary
Of Thy so long delay.
O when shall come the moment,
When, brighter far than morn,
The sunshine of Thy glory
Shall on Thy people dawn?

How long, 0 gracious Master,

Wilt Thou Thy household leave?
So long hast Thou now tarried,
Few Thy return believe.
Immersed in sloth and folly,
Thy servants, Lord, we see;
And few of us stand ready
With joy to welcome Thee.

0, wake Thy slumbering people;

Send forth the solemn cry;
Let all the saints repeat it,—
" The Saviour draweth nigh!"
May all our lamps be burning,
Our loins well girded be,
Each longing heart preparing
With joy Thy face to see.
Great Lines of Prophecy
The Great Image of Daniel 2. This prophecy, written
over twenty-five hundred years ago, is one of the greatest, brief-
est, and most comprehensive prophecies in the Bible. Under
the symbol of a great metallic image, the rise and fall of nations
is outlined till the end of time and the setting up of God's ever-
lasting kingdom. See reading on page 135.
The Four Beasts of Daniel 7. This line of prophecy covers
the same ground as that of Daniel 2, but with additional features
introduced, especially that concerning the development and work
of the "little horn" power of the fourth beast, undeewhich God's
people were to be oppressed until delivered and placed in posses-
sion of the kingdom " forever and ever." See reading on page
143.
The 2300 Days of Daniel 8. This prophecy, after tracing
the course of empire down through Medo-Persia, Greece, and
Rome, introduces the longest prophetic period in the Bible, reach-
ing from the beginning of the movement to restore and build
Jerusalem before Christ's first advent, to a similar work to be
performed by God's people in the last days preparatory to Christ's
second advent. See reading on page 158.
The Seventy Weeks of Daniel 9. This prophecy fixes the
date of the beginning of the 2300 days, of which the seventy
weeks are a part; definitely marks the time of Christ's first ad-
vent; and briefly refers to the " consummation" and the over-
throw of the last of earthly kingdoms. See pages 160-163.
The Standing Up of Michael—Daniel 11 and 12. A lit-
eral prophecy tracing the rise and fall of kings and kingdoms
from the early rulers of Persia in the sixth century B. C., to the
overthrow of Turkey, the " king of the north," and the " standing
up," or reign, of Michael, the Great Prince, who is Christ. See
page 213.
The Prophecies of the Revelation. Those are supple-
mental to the prophecies of Daniel. Under the Seven Churches,
the Seven Seals, the Seven Trumpets, the Great Red Dragon,
the Leopard Beast, and the Two-Horned Beast, the history and
experience of the church and of earthly kingdoms are traced dur-
ing the Christian era, to the end of the age. See pages 188-217.
Christ's Great Prophecy. Christ's claim to being a prophet,
and the greatest of all prophets, is fully established by His proph-
ecy recorded in Matthew 24, Mark 13, and Luke 21. In this He
depicts minutely the destruction of Jerusalem, the great tribula-
tion of the Dark Ages, and the signs that were to herald His
second coming. See pages 225-236.

X224)
 PART VII
Coming Events and Signs of the Times

OUR LORD'S GREAT PROPHECY

1. How did Christ feel concerning Jerusalem, as He was
about to make His final visit to the city before His crucifixion?
"And when He was come near, He beheld the city, and wept
over it, saying, If thou hadst known, even thou, at least in this
thy day, the things which belong unto thy peace! but now they
are hid from thine eyes." Luke 19: 41, 42.
2. In what words did He foretell its destruction?
"For the days shall come upon thee, that thine enemies shall
cast a trench about thee, and compass thee round, and keep thee
in on every side, and shall lay thee even with the ground, and
thy children within thee; and they shall not leave in thee one
stone upon another; because thou knewest not the time of thy
visitation." Verses 43, 44.
3. What pitiful appeal did He make to the impenitent city?
"0 Jerusalem, Jerusalem, thou that killest the prophets,
and stonest them which are sent unto thee, how often would I
have gathered thy children together, even as a hen gathereth
her chickens under her wings, and ye would not!" Matt. 23: 37.
4. As He was about to leave the temple, what did He say?
"Behold, your house is left unto you desolate." Verse 38.
Norn.— That which was to fill up their cup of iniquity was their
final rejection and crucifixion of Christ, and their condemnation and perse-
cution of His apostles and people after His resurrection. See Matt. 23:
29-35; John 19: 15; Acts 4-8.
5. Hearing these words, what questions did the disciples ask?
"Tell us, when shall these things be? and what shall be the
sign of Thy coming, and of the end of the world?" Matt. 24: 3.
Nom.— Christ's answers to these questions are worthy of the most
careful study. The .destruction of Jerusalem and the overthrow of the
Jewish nation attending it are a type of the final destruction of all the cities
of the world, and the overthrow of all nations. To some extent, there-
fore; the descriptions of the two great events seem to be blended. When
Christ referred to the destruction of Jerusalem, His prophetic words reached
15 [225]

•
226 BIBLE READINGS

beyond that event to the final conflagration when the Lord shall rise out
of His place "to punish the inhabitants of the earth for their iniquity," and
when the earth "shall disclose her blood, and shall no more cover her slain."
Isa. 26 : 21. Thus the entire discourse was given not for the early dis-
ciples only, but for those who were to live during the closing scenes of the
world's history. During the discourse Christ did, however, give definite
signs, both of the destruction of Jerusalem and of His second coming. •

6. In His reply, how did Christ indicate that neither the end
of the world nor of the Jewish nation was immediately at hand?
"Jesus answered and said unto them, Take heed that no man
deceive you. For many shall come in My name, saying, I am
Christ; and shall deceive many. And ye shall hear of wars and
rumors of wars: see that ye be not troubled: for all these things
must come to pass, but the end is not yet." Verses 4-6.
7. What did He say of the wars, famines, pestilences, and
earthquakes which were to precede these events?
"All these are the beginning of sorrows." Verse 8.
Nom.— These were to precade and culminate in the great calamity
and overthrow, first, of Jerusalem, and finally of the whole world; for, as
already noted, the prophecy has a double application, first, to Jerusalem
and the Jewish nation, and secondly, to the whole world; the destruction of
Jerusalem for its rejection of Christ at His first advent being a type of the
destruction of the world at the end for its rejection of Christ in refusing to
heed the closing warning message sent by God to prepare the world for
Christ's second advent.
ft In what language did Christ briefly describe the expe-
riences of His people previous to these calamities?
"Then shall they deliver you up to be afflicted, and shall
kill you: and ye shall be hated of all nations for My name's
sake. And then shall many be offended, and shall betray one
another, and shall hate one another. And many false prophets
shall rise, and shall deceive many. And because iniquity shall
abound, the love of many shall wax cold." Verses 9-12.
9. Who did He say would be saved?
"But he that shall endure unto the end, the same shall be
saved." Verse 13.
10. When did Christ say the end would come?
"And this gospel of the kingdom shall be preached in all the
world for a witness unto all nations; and then shall the end come."
Verse 14.
NOTES.- In 60 A. D. Paul carried the gospel to Rome, which was then
the capital of the world. In A. D. 64 he wrote of the saints of "Caesar's
household" (Phil. 4:22); and the same year he says that the gospel had
been "preached to every creature which is under heaven." Col. 1 : 23.
 OUR LORD'S GREAT PROPHECY 227
Very soon after this (October, 66 A. D.) the Romans began their attacks
against Jerusalem; and three and one-half years later the overthrow of the
city and of the Jewish nation followed in the notable five months' siege
under Titus, in the spring and summer of 70 A. D.
Thus it was respecting the end of the Jewish nation; and thus it will be
in the end of the world as a whole. When the gospel, or good news, of
Christ's coming kingdom has been preached in all the world for a witness
unto all nations, the end of the world — of all nations — will come. As
the end of the Jewish nation came with overwhelming destruction, so will
come the end of the world. Armageddon, the battle of the nations, will be
fought, and the world will be swept with the besom of destruction wider
the seven last plagues. See readings on pages 213, 217.

11. What sign did Christ mention by which His disciples

might know when the destruction of Jerusalem was near?
"And when ye shall see Jerusalem compassed with armies,
then know that the desolation thereof is nigh." Luke 21: 20.
12. When this sign appeared, what were the disciples to do?
"When ye therefore shall see the abomination of desolation,
spoken of by Daniel the prophet, stand in the holy place, (whoso
readeth, let him understand :) then let them which be in Judea
flee into the mountains." Matt. 24: 15, 16.
NOTE.- In October, 66 A. D., when Cestius came against the city,
but for some unaccountable reason suddenly withdrew his army from it,
the Christians discerned in this the sign foretold by Christ, and fled. After
the departure of Cestius, Josephus, in his "Wars of the Jews," chapter 20,
says that "many of the most eminent of the Jews swain away from the
city, as from a ship when it is going to sink," It is a remarkable fact that
in the terrible siege which occurred under Titus three and one-half years
later, not a single Christian is known to have lost his life, while 1,100,000
Jews are said to have perished in it. Here is a most striking lesson on the
value and importance of studying and believing the prophecies,. and giving
heed to the signs of the times. Those who believed what Christ had said,
and watched for the sign which He had foretold, were saved, while the un-
believing perished. So it will be in the end of the world. The watchful
and believing will be delivered, while the careless and unbelieving will be
snared and taken. See. Matt. 24: 36-44; Luke 21: 34-36; 1 Thess. 5:1-6.

13. When the sign appeared, how suddenly were they to flee?
"Let him which is on the housetop not come down to take
anything out of his house : neither let him which is in the field
return back to take his clothes." Verses 17, 18.
14. Besides telling His disciples when to flee, how did Christ
further show His solicitude and tender care for them?
"But pray ye that your flight be not in the winter, neither
on the Sabbath day." Verse 20.
Nome.— The winter would be an unfavorable time in which to flee,
entailing discomfort and hardship; and an attempt to flee on the Sabbath
day would doubtless have been met with difficulty, so false and pharisaical
228 BIBLE READINGS

were the notions of the Jews respecting the true character and object of
the Sabbath. See Matt. 12: 1-14; Luke 13: 14-17; Mark 1: 32; 2: 23-28;
John 5:10-18.
The prayers of Christ's followers were heard. Events were so over-
ruled that neither Jews nor Romans hindered the flight of the Christians.
Upon the retreat of Cestius, the. Jews pursued after his army, and the
Christians thus had an opportunity to leave the city. The country also
had been cleared of enemies who might have endeavored to intercept them.
At the time of this siege, the Jews were assembled at Jerusalem to keep
the Feast of Tabernacles, and thus the Christians of Judea were able to
escape unmolested, and in the autumn, a most favorable time for flight.

15. What trying experience did Christ then foretell?

"For then shall be great tribulation, such as was not since
the beginning of the world to this time, no, nor ever shall be."
Verse 21.
NOTES.— In paragraph 4 of his preface to his "Wars of the Jews,"
Josephus, referring to the destruction of Jerusalem, says: "The misfortunes
of all men, from the beginning of the world, if they be compared to these
of the Jews, are not so considerable." In this terrible calamity, the proph-
ecy of Moses recorded in Deut. 28: 47-53, was literally fulfilled. He said,
"Thou shalt eat the fruit of thine own body, the flesh of thy sons and of thy
daughters, . . . in the siege, and in the straitness, wherewith thine
enemies shall distress thee." For an account of the fulfilment of this, see
Josephus's "Wars of the Jews," book 6, chap. 3, par. 4.
Following the destruction of Jerusalem came the persecution of the
early Christians under the pagan emperors during the first three centuries
of the Christian era, that begun under Diocletian in 303 A. n., and con-
tinuing for ten years (Rev. 2: 10), being the most bitter and extensive
persecution of God's people the world had yet witnessed. Following this
came the still greater and more terrible persecution of the saints during
the long centuries of papal supremacy, foretold in Dan. 7:25 and Rev.
12:6. All these tribulations occurred under either pagan or papal Rome.

16. For whose sake did Christ say the period of papal perse-
cution would be shortened?
"And except those days should be shortened, there should
no flesh be saved: but for the elect's sake those days shall be short-
ened." Verse 22.
NOTE.— Through the influence of the Reformation of the sixteenth
century, and the movements which grew out of it, the power of the Papacy
to enforce its decrees against those it pronounced heretics was gradually
lessened, until persecution ceased almost wholly about the middle of the
eighteenth century — the beginning of an epoch of freedom.

17. Against what deceptions did Christ then warn us?

"Then if any man shall say unto you, Lo, here is Christ,
or there; believe it not. For there shall arise false Christs, and
false prophets, and shall show great signs and wonders; inso-
much that, if it were possible, they shall deceive the very elect."
Verses 23, 24.
 OUR LORD'S GREAT PROPHECY 229
18. Answering the question as to what would be the sign of
His coming and the end of the world, what did Christ say?
"There shall be signs in the sun, and in the moon, and in the
stars; and upon the earth distress of nations, with perplexity; the
sea and the waves roaring; men's hearts failing them for fear, and
for looking after those things which are coming on the earth: for
the powers of heaven shall be shaken." Luke 21: 25, 26.
19. When were the first of these signs to appear, and what
were they to be?
"Immediately after the tribulation of those days shall the sun
be darkened, and the moon shall not give her light, and the stars
shall fall from heaven." Matt. 24: 29.
20. How is this expressed by Mark?
"But in those days, after that tribulation, the sun shall be
darkened, and the moon shall not give her light, and the stars
of heaven shall fall, and the powers that are in heaven shall be
shaken." Mark 13: 24, 25.
Nom.— Papal persecution almost wholly ceased about the middle
of the eighteenth century. Then the signs of His coming began to appear.
21. When was there a wonderful darkening of the sun?
On May 19, 1780.
NOTE.— May 19, 1780, is known in history as "the dark day." On
this day over a large portion of the New World, upon which at this time
the eyes of all the world were centered, there occurred, at midday, a re-
markable darkness. "Candles were lighted in many houses. The birds
were silent, and disappeared. The fowls retired to roost." In harmony
with the impression God evidently designed should be made by the sign,
many thought the day of judgment was at hand. See next reading.
22. When did the moon refuse to give her light?
The night following the darkening of the sun, May 19, 1780.
Nova.-'- Although the moon had fulled only the night before, the
darkness of this night was so intense that for a time no luminous body what-
ever appeared in the heavens, and a sheet of white paper could not be seen
when held within a few inches of the eyes. See next reading.
23. What sign was to follow the darkening of the sun and
the moon?
"And the stars shall fall from heaven." Matt. 24: 29.
24. When did the stars fall, as here predicted?
Nov. 13, 1833.
Nova.— On the morning of Nov. 13, 1833, there occurred the most
wonderful exhibition of shooting stars the world has ever seen. Those who
witnessed it, says Professor Olmsted, the celebrated astronomer of Yale
230 BIBLE READINGS
College, "probably saw the greatest display of celestial fireworks that has
ever been since the creation of the world, or at least within the annals
covered by the pages of history." The extent of this shower, he says,
"was such as to cover no inconsiderable part of the earth's surface." And,
like the darkening of the sun and moon, it was considered by many who
saw it as "the harbinger of the coming of the Son of man."
25. What were to be the signs on earth of Christ's coming?
"And upon the earth distress of nations, with perplexity;
the sea and the waves roaring; men's hearts failing them for fear,
and for looking after those things which are coming on the earth :
for the powers of heaven shall be shaken." Luke 21:25, 26.
Nore.— This is an exact picture of the condition of things in the
world today. Through greed of gain, lawlessness, licentiousness, in-
creasing violence, trouble between capital and labor, international com-
plications, and preparations for war, the nations are perplexed, and men's
hearts tremble with fear as they look into the future. The elements are
also disturbed, as seen in great earthquakes and storms on land and sea.
26. What did Christ say was to be the next great event fol-
lowing these signs?
"And then shall they see the Son of man coming in a cloud
with power and great glory." Verse 27. See Matt. 24: 30.
27. When these things should begin to come to pass, what
did Christ tell His people to do?
"And when these things begin to come to pass, then look up,
and lift up your heads; for your redemption draweth nigh."
Luke 21: 28.
28. When the trees put forth their leaves, what do we know?
"Now learn a parable of the fig-tree; When his branch is
yet tender, and putteth forth leaves, ye know that summer is
nigh." Matt. 24: 32.
29. What may be known with equal certainty when these
signs have been seen?
"So likewise ye, when ye shall see all these things, know
that it is near, even at the doors." Verse 33. "So likewise ye,
when ye see these things come to pass, know ye that the kingdom
of God is nigh at hand." Luke 21:31.
30. What did Christ say of the certainty of this prophecy?
" Verily I say unto you, This generation shall not pass, till
all these things be fulfilled. Heaven and earth shall pass away,
but My word shall not pass away." Matt. 24: 34, 35.
NOTE.- Every one at all acquainted with history knows that what
Christ foretold concerning the destruction of Jerusalem came true to the
 OUR LORD'S GREAT PROPHECY 231
very. letter. So likewise may we be assured that what He has said con-
cerning the end of the world will as certainly and as literally be fulfilled.
31. Who alone knows the exact day of Christ's coming?
"But of that day and hour knoweth no man, no, not the an-
gels of heaven, but My Father only." Verse 36.
32. What did Christ say would be the moral condition of
the world just preceding His advent?
"But as the days of Noe were, so shall also the coming of
the Son of man be. For as in the days that,were before the
flood they were eating and drinking, marrying and giving in
marriage, until the day that Noe entered into the ark, and knew
not until the flood came, and took them all away; so shall also
the coming of the Son of man be." Verses 37- 39.
33. In view of the fact that we do not know the exact time
of Christ's coming, what important admonition has He given us?
"Therefore be ye also ready: for in such an hour as ye think
not the Son of> man cometh." Verse 44.
34. What will be the experience of those who say in their
hearts that the Lord is not soon coming?
"But and if that evil servant shall say in his heart, My
lord delayeth his coming; and shall begin to smite his fellow serv-
ants, and to eat and drink with the drunken; the lord of that
servant shall come in a day when he looketh not for him, and
in an hour that he is not aware of, and shall cut him asunder
[margin, cut him off], and appoint him his portion with the hypo-
crites: there shall be weeping and gnashing of teeth." Verses
48-51.

SIGNS OF THE TIMES

1. FOR what did Christ reprove the Pharisees and Sad-
ducees?
"0 ye hypocrites, ye can discern the face of the sky; but
can ye not discern the signs of the times?" Matt. 16: 3.
2. What sign had been foretold by the prophet Isaiah
by which Christ, at His first advent, might be known as the
Messiah?
"Therefore the Lord Himself shall give you a sign; Behold,
a virgin shall conceive, and bear a son, and shall call His name
Immanuel." Isa. 7: 14. For fulfilment, see Matt. 1:22, 23.
3. Where had the prophet said Christ should be born?
232 BIBLE READINGS

"But thou, Bethlehem Ephratah, though thou be little

among the thousands of Judah, yet out of thee shall He come
forth unto Me that is to be ruler in Israel." Micah 5: 2. For
fulfilment, see Matt. 2: 1.
4. What prophet had foretold Christ's ride into Jerusalem?.
"Rejoice greatly, 0 daughter of Zion; -shout, 0 daughter
of Jerusalem: behold, thy King cometh unto thee: He is just,
and having salvation; lowly, and riding upon an ass, and upon
a colt the foal of an ass." Zech. 9: 9. For fulfilment, see Matt.
21:4, 5.
5. What question did the disciples ask Christ concerning
His second coming?
"And as He sat upon the Mount of Olives, the disciples
came unto Him privately, saying, Tell us, when shall these things
be? and what shall be the sign of Thy coming, and of the end of
the world? " Matt. 24: 3.
6. How, according to Luke, did Christ answer this question?
"And there shall be signs in the sun, and in the moon, and in
the stars; and upon the earth distress of nations, with perplexity;
the sea and the waves roaring; men's hearts failing them for fear,
and for looking after those things which are coming on the
earth." Luke 21:25, 26.
7. What, according to Matthew's account, did Christ say
were to be the signs in the sun, moon, and stars?
"Immediately after the tribulation of those days shall the
sun be darkened, and the moon shall not give her light, and the
stars shall fall from heaven." Matt. 24: 29.
8. In what language had some of the Old Testament prophets
already foretold these signs?
"And I will show wonders in the heavens and in the earth,
blood, and fire, and pillars of smoke. The sun shall be turned
into darkness, and the moon into blood, before the great and the
terrible day of the Lord come." Joel 2: 30, 31. "The sun and
the moon shall be darkened, and the stars shall withdraw their
shining." Joel 3: 15. ' "For the stars of heaven and the constel-
lations thereof shall not give their light: the sun shall be darkened
in his going forth, and the moon shall not cause her light to shine."
Isa. 13: 10. "I will cause the sun to go down at noon, and I will
darken the earth in a clear day." Amos 8: 9.
9. When were the sun and moon darkened?
May 19, 1780.
 SIGNS OF THE TIMES 233

NOTES.- "The nineteenth of May, 1780, was a remarkably dark day.

Candles were lighted in many houses. The birds were silent, and die-
appeared. The fowls retired to roost. It was the general opinion that the
day of judgment was at hand. The legislature of Connecticut was in
session at Hartford, but being unable to transact business, adjourned."
— President Dwight, in "Historical Collections."
"In some places persons could not see to read common print in the
open air for several hours together. Birds sang their evening song, dis-
appeared, and became silent; fowls went to roost; cattle sought the barn-
yard; and candles were lighted in the houses. The obscuration began
about ten o'clock in the morning, and 'continued until the middle of the
next night, but with differences of degree and duration in different places.
. . . The true causes of this remarkable phenomenon are not known."
— Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, edition 1883, page 1604, in article
"The Dark Day."
Herschel, the great astronomer, says: "The dark day in Northern
America was one of those wonderful phenomena of nature which 'will
always be read with interest, but which philosophy is at a loss to explain."
The darkness was not caused by any eclipse of the sun by the moon,
for the moon was full only the night before, and consequently was on the
opposite side of the earth from the sun.
"The darkness of the following evening was probably as deep and
dense as ever had been observed since the Almighty first gave birth to light;
it wanted only palpability to render it as extraordinary as that which over-
spread the land of Egypt in the days of Moses. If every luminous body
in the universe had been shrouded in impenetrable shades, or struck out of
existence, it was thought the darkness could not have been more complete.
A sheet of white paper, held within a few inches of the eyes, was equally
invisible with the blackest velvet."—"Our First Century," by R. M. Devine,
Page 94. •
The darkness of the night was as supernatural as that of the previous
day, from the fact, as stated by Dr. Adams, that "the moon had fulled
the day before."
10. When was there a remarkable display of falling stars?
Nov. 13, 1833.
NarEs.— The celebrated astronomer and meteorologist, Professor
Olmsted, of Yale College, says: "Those who were so fortunate as to wit-
ness the exhibition of shooting stars on the morning of Nov. 13, 1833,
probably saw the greatest display of celestial fireworks that has ever been
since the creation of the world, or at least within the annals covered by the
pages of history. . . . The extent of the shower of 1833 was such
as to cover no inconsiderable part of the earth's surface, from the middle
of the Atlantic on the east to the Pacific on the west; and from the northern
coast of South America to undefined regions among the British possessions
on the north the exhibition was 'visible, and everywhere presented nearly
the same appearance."
"At Niagara the exhibition was especially brilliant, and probably no
• le so terribly grand and sublime was ever before beheld by mantis
that the firmament descending in fiery torrents over the dark and roar-
ing cataract."— The American Encyclopedia, edition 1881, article "Meteor."
Upon reading a statement that modern fireworks excel this greatest
exhibition of shooting stars, Mr. Clarkson, father of the former editors of
the paper from which the following quotation is made, and himself agri-
cultural editor of it, said: "The writer of that sentence did not witness the
234 BIBLE READINGS

glorious meteoric shower of November, 1833, when the display was so

much superior to any artistic display of fireworks that neither language nor
any element in nature can furnish comparisons. The comparison of the
sheet-iron thunder of the theatres to the electric display of Providence
when the, heavens are all on fire, and the earth trembles, would be tolerable.
But the awful grandeur of the display on the night of the thirteenth of
November,- Mar Alihiehjpaide the stoutest heart stand in awe, and the
most defiant infidel quake with fear, is never-to bt'eomparedfrwith the,woet
brilliant fireworks. Those who witnessed the meteoric shower named saw
the greatest display that man ever will see until the day that Peter speaks
of when the heavens, being on fire, shall be dissolved, and the elements shall
melt with fervent heat. The agricultural editor of the Register was out
alone with a team and load of lumber all night on that never-to-be-for-
gotten night. And he cannot now consent to hear of human fireworks
being superior to that .most grand and sublime spectacle ever before or
since beheld by man. Patent fireworks are no nearer this wonderful
phenomenon than a lightning-bug is equal to the sun."— Iowa State Regis-
ter, July 1$, 1889.
Frederick Douglass, in his book "My Bondage and My Freedom,"
page 186, says: "I witnessed this gorgeous spectacle, and was struck with
awe. The air seemed filled with bright descending messengers from the
sky. It was about daybreak when I saw this sublime scene. It was not
without the suggestion at that moment that it might be the harbinger of
the coming of the Son of man; and in my state of mind I was prepared to
hail Him as my friend and deliverer. I had read that the stars shall fall
from heaven, and they were now falling."
A single star appeared to the wise men, and directed them to the
Saviour, at His first advent. Myriads of stars have announced the near-
ness of His second advent.
It will be seen that these signs produced the very impression that God
evidently intended that they should,— that the day of judgment, Christ's
coining, and the end of the world are near at hand.
11. Have we reached the time when there is "distress of
nations, with perplexity"?
Every intelligent person knows that the world is in a state
of unrest at the present time, and that men are troubled and
perplexed at the outlook of present conditions throughout the
civilized world.
NOTES.- Nearly five years after the Peace of Versailles, Lloyd
George told a Wesleyan Conference in London, July 24, 1923, that
Europe had then more armed men than before the World War. He
said:—
" The nations still are busy inventing diabolical machinery of
war, yet they all signed the covenant of the League of Nations. None
of the nations have learned the lesson of the late war, that the drill-
ing of great armies was bound to bring disaster to humanity. The
whole merry-go-round of the devil is going to begin again. The
community must be trained to treat war as a crime of violence."
As reported in the Washington Star, Aug. 23, 1925, Sheldon S.
Cline, a London newspaper correspondent, wrote thus:—
"European politics are fashioned and governed to an astonishing
degree by fear of another war. Whatever else men may prefer to
talk about, this war fear lies in the back of their minds and hangs
 SIGNS OP THE TIMES 235
Over their lives like some horrid nightmare. The appalling feature
of it is that there are indications of a spirit of resignation to the
inevitable a state of mind in which men wonder when and where
the storm will break, not how it can be averted.. . .
" On every hand, one is told that the last war staggered civiliza-
tion and that another war would finish it, yet another war is looked
forward to as something that is inevitable."
12. Are men's hearts now "failing them for fear, and for
looking after those things which are coming on the earth"?
Every one familiar with present-day conditions knows that
this is the case.
NOTES.— "We are marching toward the unknown. Who knows
what tomorrow has in store for us?"— Signor Crispi, ex-Prime Minister
of Italy.
"In regard to the future I am filled with disquietude when I think how
easy it is to fan these international jealousies, and how difficult it seems to
allay them."— Lord Balfour, of England.
"In this world of ours we seem to be borne down by commercial and
spiritual controversy. . . . We grope in the daytime with fear and
trembling for the future. Poor, distracted man is tossed over the night to
a more distraught tomorrow."— John Wanamaker, ex-Postmaster-General
of the United States.
"The bonds of society are relaxed; traditional principles are losing
their sacredness, and perils hitherto unknown are menacing the life of the
social organism."— Archbishop Ireland.
These, with forebodings of coming droughts, famines, fires, storms,
earthquakes, tidal waves, and pestilences, are filling men's hearts with fear.
13. What may be said of "the sea and the waves roaring"?
Great tidal waves and storms at sea, with cyclones and
tornadoes on land, have become fearfully frequent of late years,
making men apprehensive of still greater calamities to come.
14. What, according to the prophecy of Daniel, was to
characterize the tin-.P of the end?
" But thou, 0 Daniel, shut up the words, and seal the book,
even to the time of the end: many shall run to and fro, and knowl-
edge shall be increased." Dan. 12:4.
NOTES.—The time of the end began in 1798. See Dan. 7: 25; 11: 35;
12:4, 9, and the reading "The Kingdom and Work of Antichrist," page
147, under questions 5-8. Since 1798 there has been a most wonderful
increase of all kinds of knowledge, both scientific and religious. Men have
been "running to and fro" through both the world and the Word of God.
The prophecies of Daniel are now themselves understood. Since 1798 five
great Bible and tract societies have been organized; namely, the London
Religious Tract Society, the British and Foreign Bible Society, the Ameri-
can Bible Society, the American Tract Society, an I the International
Tract Society, besides many smallef societies of the same kind. From
these have gone forth to the world hundreds of millions of copies of the
Bible, and countless pages of tracts and pamphlets, disseminating knowl-
236 BIBLE READINGS
edge upon the truths of salvation. Besides these, millions of copies of
religious papers are being circulated annually in the various countries of
the world. Missions have been established in all parts of the world. All
this has been accomplished since 1798.
Concerning the increase of knowledge in the material, scientific, and
intellectual world, see the next reading.
15. What is predicted of the moral condition of the world
in the last days?
"This know also, that in the last days perilous times shall
come. For men shall be lovers of their own.selves, covetous,
boasters, proud, blasphemers, . . . lovers of pleasures
more than lovers of God; having a form of godliness, but deny-
ing the power thereof." 2 Tim. 3: 1-5.
16. How did the apostle Peter say the message of the Lord's
coming would be treated by some?
"Knowing this first, that there shall come in the last days
scoffers, walking after their own lusts, and saying, Where is the
promise of His coming? for since the fathers fell asleep, all things
continue as they were from the beginning of the creation." 2 Peter
3: 3, 4.
17. What will God's faithful servants be doing at this time?
"Who then is a faithful and wise servant, whom his lord
hath made ruler over his household, to give them meat in due
season?" Matt. 24: 45.
NOTE.- The "meat in due season" here spoken of evidently refers
to the proclamation, of the message based upon the signs which indicate
the near approach of the Lord. The preaching of this message is what
causes scoffers mockingly to ask, "Where is the promise of His coming?"
18. What are all admonished to do when these signs have
appeared?
"Therefore be ye also ready: for in such an hour as ye think
not the Son of man cometh." Verse 44.
19. How will Christ's coming overtake those evil servants
who say in their hearts, "My Lord delayeth His coming"?
"The lord of that servant shall come in a day when he look-
eth not for him, and in an hour that he is not aware of, and shall
cut him asunder, and appoint him his portion with the hypocrites:
there shall be weeping and gnashing of teeth." Verses 50, 51.
 INCREASE OF KNOWLEDGE
1. ACCORDING to the words of the angel to Daniel, when
might the world look for an increase of knowledge?
"But thou, 0 Daniel, shut up the words, and seal the book,
even to the time of the end: many shall run to and fro, and knowl-
edge shall be increased." Dan. 12: 4.
Now.— The prophecies of Daniel were not to be shut up till the end,
for then there would be no time either to develop knowledge or to use the
knowledge thus acquired, but until "the time of the end," which refers to a
short period just preceding the end. During this time there was to be a
wonderful increase of knowledge. Especially were the prophecies of the
book of Daniel to be unsealed, studied, and understood at this time.
2. Until what time were the saints to be persecuted under
the Roman power?
"And some of them of understanding shall fall, to try them,
and to purge, and to make them white, even to the time of the
end: because it is yet for a time appointed." Dan. 11: 35.
Now.-- The time of the end, as shown by this text, was even then,
in the days of Daniel, an appointed time, in the mind of God. This is not
Strange, when we learn that in the Scriptures both the judgment and the end
itself are said to be appointed times. Acts 17:31; Dan. 8: 19. The close
of the period allotted for this persecution (1798) was to mark the beginning
of "the time of the end." See pages 151, 152.
3. According to the prophecy, how long was the power
represented by the little horn, or papal Rome, to persecute the
saints?
"And he shall speak great words against the Most High,
and shall wear out the saints of the Most High, . . . and
they shall be given into his hand until a time and times and the
dividing of time." Dan. 7: 25.
NorEs.— As shown in the reading on "The Kingdom and Work of
Antichrist," page 147, this expression, " a time and times and the divid-
ing of time," represents 1260 years, which extend from the period 533-538
A. D., the time of the decree of Emperor Justinian recognizing the Pope as
head of all the churches and the successful campaign against Arianism,
to the period 1793-98, when, as a result of the French Revolution, the
papal power received its deadly wound and the Pope was carried into cap-
tivity. This, then, locates the beginning of "the time of the end" in 1798.
Up to that point the book of Daniel, as a whole, was to be closed up; in
other words, not understood by the people. But when the power that had
placed this embargo on the Word of God, and had tried to shut it away from
the people, was broken, then light of all kinds, Biblical, scientific, inventive,
and industrial, began to shine and penetrate in every direction.
It is a singular and striking fact that immediately following the over-
throw of the papal power in 1798, Bible societies, tract societies, and Sun-
day7schools sprang up in large numbers. The London Religious Tract
Society was organized in 1799, the British and Foreign Bible Society in
1804, the American Bible Society in 1816, and the American Tract Society
in 1825. The Bible has now been translated into more than eight hun-
dred languages and dialects, and sent to every part of the globe. Until
[2371
238 BIBLE READINGS
recent years the Bible was accessible to comparatively few. Now the
humblest person may possess it, and is as free to read and study it
as is the most exalted in the land. Less than a century and a half
ago there was not a Sunday-school in the world, the first one being
organized by Robert Raikes, at Gloucester, England, in 1784. Now
there are more than 347,000 such schools, with over 32,000,000 of-
ficers, teachers, and pupils.
4. What may be said of the developments in the line of
scientific inventions since 1798?
These have been remarkable, phenomenal, and without par-
allel in the history of the world. The people of a century and
a quarter ago knew nothing of steamships, steam and electric
railways, telegraphs, telephones, photographs, phonographs,
sewing machines, anesthetics, submarine cables, linotypes,
monotypes, motion pictures, -r aeroplanes, wireless teleg-
ays,
raphy, or radio. Were they to be raised from the dead, they
would be as much astonished at all these things as would the
people of four thousand years ago.
NOTES.-" Of a verity, this is the age of invention."- Scientific
American.
" The great facts of the nineteenth century stand out so conspicu-
ously above the achievements of any preceding century that it would
be affectation of humility not to recognize and speak of them."-
Union Handbook, 1870.
" The most striking characteristic of our times is the rapid
strides which the world is making in science, general intelligence,
and inventions."- Chicago Republican, March 14, 1872.
" Never was there such activity of invention within the history of
mankind as at the present day."- Phrenological Journal, April, 1871.
" More has been done, richer and more prolific discoveries have
been made, grander achievements have been realized, in the course
of the fifty years of our lifetime than in all the previous lifetime of
the race."- London Spectator.
Some of the principal inventions and discoveries of modern
times are the following:-
Balloon in 1798. Typewriter in 1873.
Gas for lighting purposes in Telephone in 1876.
1798. Phonograph in 1877.
Cast-iron plow in 1800. Electric railway in 1879.
Steel pen in 1803. Modern seismograph in 1880.
Steamboat in 1807. Linotype in 1886.
Steam printing-press in 1811. Steam-turbine in 1888.
Railroad-cars in 1825. X-ray in 1896.
Mower and reaper in 1833. Motion-pictures in 1895.
Electric telegraph in 1837. Wireless telegraphy in 1895.
Electrotyping in 1837. Wireless telephony in 1900.
Photography in 1839. Radium in 1902.
Sewing-machine in 1846. Successful airplane in 1903.
Anesthesia in 1846. Successful radiophotography in
Submarine cable in 1851. 1910.
Machine gun in 1861. Broadcasting by radio in 1915.
Monitor war vessel in 1862. Non-stop flight, New York to
Automatic air-brake in 1872. Paris, by airplane in 1927.
 INCREASE OF KNOWLEDGE 239
It will be noticed that none of these inventions antedate 1798. Go
back a century and a quarter and we find the world about where it was in
the days of the patriarchs. For thousands of years there seemed to be
scarcely any advancement or improvement in knowledge. But suddenly
with the opening of the nineteenth century, the world awoke from its long
sleep, and a new era dawned,— the time of the end, when knowledge was
to be increased.
5. What did the Saviour say should precede the end?
"And this gospel of the kingdom shall be preached in all the
world for a witness unto all nations; and then shall the end come."
Matt. 24: 14.
Nova.— Luther, the Wesleyd, and others could not, in their day, pro-
claim the Lord's coming to be at hand, as the signs heralding this event
had not taken place. But now, the sun and moon have been darkened,
and the stars have fallen, as predicted by the Saviour; knowledge has most
wonderfully increased, as stated by the angel to Daniel; and the gospel has
gone to nearly every kindred, tribe, and people in the world. Therefore
we may know that the end is near.
6. When we see all these things, what are we to know?
"When ye shall see all these things, know that it is near,
even at the doors." Verse 33.

CONFLICT BETWEEN CAPITAL AND LABOR

1. WHAT is one reason why the last days were to be perilous?
"Men shall be lovers of their own selves, covetous." 2 Tim. 3 : 2.
2. When, according to prophecy, were men to amass great
wealth?
"Go to now, ye rich men, weep and howl for your miseries
that shall come upon you. Your riches are corrupted, and your
garments are moth-eaten. Your gold and silver is cankered;
and the rust of them shall be a witness against you, and shall
eat your flesh as it were fire. Ye have heaped treasure together
for the last days." James 5: 1-3.
'NOTE.— We have reached the age of vast accumulations of wealth,
when there seems to be a mad rush for making money quickly, and the
millionaire and the multimillionaire are much in evidence. Speaking or
this subject, Rev. H. W. Bowman, in his work "War Between Capital and
Labor," says: "Such colossal fortunes, such hoarding of treasures, such
combinations of wealth, with such rapid increase in poverty, were never
witnessed before. Our age alone fits the prophetic mold."
3. Why did Christ, in the parable, reprove the man who
hid his talent?
"Thou wicked and slothful servant, thou knewest that I
reap where I sowed not, and gather where I have not strawed:
thou oughtest therefore to have put my money to the exchangers,
240 BIBLE READINGS

and then at my coming I should have received mine own with

usury." Matt. 25: 26, 27.
NOTE.- "Servility to wealth," says J. S. Mill, "is a social curse."
Vespasian spoke truly when he said, "Riches are well, if gotten well and
well spent ;' and Peter Cooper likewise uttered a great truth when he said,
"A man of wealth is but a steward for the good of mankind." James A.
Patten, the retired Chicago millionaire wheat broker, announcing his in-
tention to give away his fortune to charity, said: " I believe a man should
give away a good share of his wealth while he is living. He can't take a
dollar out of the world with him, although I know some men who seem to
believe they can. Personally, I mean to get rid of the most of my fortune.
I hope to help many charitable institutions before I die. I doubt the
advisability of leaving any great sum of money to one's children. Many
lives have been ruined by large bequests. The offspring of a rich man are
better off if they are required to hustle for themselves."— Washington
Times, Nov. 6, 1910.
4. What did Christ tell the rich young man to do?
"Jesus said unto him, If thou wilt be perfect, go and sell
that thou bast, and give to the poor, and thou shalt have treasure
in heaven: and come and follow Me." Matt. 19: 21.
5. What, in the parable, did God say to the rich man who
thought to build larger barns in which to store his goods?
"But God said unto him, Thou fool, this night thy soul shall
be required of thee: then whose shall those things be, which thou
hast provided?" Luke 12: 20.
6. How does James say the rich have lived?
" Ye have lived in pleasure on the earth, and been wanton; ye
have nourished your hearts, as in a day of slaughter." James
5: 5.
Nom.— This indicates that they have lived in luxury and for pleasure,
quite heedless of the needs of the poor and of the great world about them.
They have lived simply to have a good time themselves, with no thought
of their responsibility to God or to their fellow men.
7. Who gives men the power to get wealth?
"But thou shalt remember the Lord thy God: for it is He
that giveth thee power to get wealth." Deut. 8: 18.

8. How does James say the rich have treated the just?
"Ye have condemned and killed the just; and he doth not
resist you." James 5: 6.
NOTE.- There is nothing more rapacious and heartless than greed,
or covetousness. To obtain its ends, it disregards the rights, the welfare,
and even the lives of those affected by its merciless schemes and intrigues.
The righteous, or just, however, do not make forcible resistance to this
unjust treatment.
9. How have the rich defrauded the laborers?
 CONFLICT BETWEEN CAPITAL AND LABOR 241"
"Behold, the hire of the laborers who have reaped down your
fields, which is of you kept back by fraud, crieth: and the cries of
them which have reaped are entered into the ears of the Lord
of sabaoth." Verse 4.
10. Seeking a fair remuneration, what do many laborers do?
Form labor-unions, engage in strikes, boycotts, etc.
Nova.— While these means may hold matters in check for a time,
and afford temporary relief, they cannot eradicate the evil, and bring about
a final solution. The evil is deep-seated; it lies in the heart; and nothing
but conversion — a change of the heart and of the affections — can eradi-
cate it. It is the sin of selfishness, or covetousness,— a failure to love one's
neighbor as oneself. The conflict between capital and labor is an inevitable
and an irrepressible conflict as long as sin and selftshness are in the world.
And near the end it becomes the most acute and intense, because then sin
comes to the full.
11. Do the Scriptures indicate that there will be violence
manifested in this conflict?
"Woe to him that increaseth that which is not his! how
long? and to him that ladeth himself with thick clay! Shall
they not rise up suddenly that shall bite thee, and awake that shall
vex thee, and thou shalt be for booties unto them?" Hab. 2: 6, 7.
12. Would God have His people unite in these combinations?
"Say ye not, A confederacy, to all them to whom this people
shall say, A confederacy; neither fear ye their fear, nor be afraid."
Isa. 8: 12.

13. Whom should we fear and dread?

"Sanctify the Lord of hosts Himself; and let Him be your
fear, and let Him be your dread." Verse 13.
14. What are God's people told to do at this time?
"Be patient therefore, brethren, unto the coming of the Lord.
Behold, the husbandman waiteth for the precious fruit of the
earth, and hath long patience for it, until he receive the early
and latter rain. Be ye also patient; stablish your hearts: for
the coming of the Lord draweth nigh." James 5: 7, 8. _
15. What commands obeyed would bring about a peaceful
solution to this wide-spread and growing conflict?
"Thou shalt love thy neighbor as thyself." Matt. 22: 39.
"Look not every man on his own things, but every man also on
the things of others." Phil. 2: 4. Whatsoever ye would
that men should do to you, do ye even so to, them,' Matt.
7:12.
16
 CHRIST'S SECOND COMING
1. WHAT promise did Christ make concerning His coming?
"Let not your heart be troubled: ye believe in God, believe
also in Me. In My Father's house are many mansions: if it
were not so, I would have told you. I go to prepare a place for
you. And if I go and prepare a place for you, I will come again,
and receive you unto Myself; that where I am, there ye may be
also." John 14: 1-3.
2. Following the signs of His coming, what did Christ say
would take place?
"And then shall they see the Son of man coming in a cloud
with power and great glory." Luke 21: 27.
3. Will the world be prepared to meet Him?
"And then shall appear the sign of the Son of man in heaven:
and then shall all the tribes of the earth mourn, and they shall see
the Son of man coming in the clouds of heaven with power and
great glory." Matt. 24: 30. " Behold, He cometh with clouds;
and every eye shall see Him, and they also which pierced Him:
and all kindreds of the earth shall wail because of Him." Rev.
1:7.
4. Why will many not be prepared for this event?
"But and if that evil servant shall say in his heart, My lord
delayeth his coming; and shall begin to smite his fellow servants,
and to eat and drink with the drunken; the lord of that servant
shall come in a day when he looketh not for him, and in an hour
that he is not aware of, and shall cut him asunder, and appoint
him his portion with the hypocrites : there shall be weeping and
gnashing of teeth." Matt. 24: 48-51.
5. What will the world be doing when Christ comes?
"But as the days of Noe were, so shall also the coming of
the Son of man be. For as in the days that were before the flood
they were eating and drinking, marrying and giving in marriage,
until the day that Noe entered into the ark, and knew not till
the flood came, and took them all away; so shall also the coming
of the Son of man be." Verses 37-39. "Likewise also as it
was in the days of Lot; they did eat, they drank, they bought, they
sold, they planted, they builded; but the same day that Lot went
out of Sodom it rained fire and brimstone from heaven, and de-
stroyed them all. Even thus shall it be in the day when the
Son of man is revealed." Luke 17: 28-30.
Nam.— The idea is, not that it is wrong in itself to eat, drink, marry,
[242]
 CHRIST'S SECOND COMING 243
buy, sell, plant, or build, but that men's minds will be so taken up with
these things that they will give little or no thought to the future life, and
make no plans or preparation to meet Jesus when He comes.

6. Who is it that blinds men to the gospel of Christ?

"In whom the god of this world hath blinded the minds of
them which believe not, lest the light of the glorious gospel of
Christ, which is the image of God, should shine unto them."
2 Cor. 4: 4.
NarEa.— "To my mind this precious doctrine — for such I must call
it -- of the return of the Lord to this earth is taught in the New Testament
as clearly as any other doctrine in it; yet I was in the church fifteen or six-
teen years before I ever heard a sermon on it. There is hardly any church
that does not make a great deal of baptism; but in all of Paul's epistles I
believe baptism is spoken of only thirteen times, while it speaks about the
return of our Lord fifty times; and yet the church has had very little to say
about it. Now I can see a reason for this. The devil does not want us
to see this truth; for nothing would wake up the church so much. The
moment a man takes hold of the truth that Jesus Christ is coming back
again to receive His followers to Himself, this world loses its hold on him.
Gas stocks, and water stocks, and stocks in banks and railroads are of very
much less consequence to him then. His heart is free,. and he looks for the
blessed appearing of his Lord, who, at His coming, will take him into His
blessed kingdom."—" The Second Coming of Christ," by D. L. Moody,
pages 6, 7.
"'This same Jesus which is taken up from you into heaven, shall so come
in like manner as ye have seen Him go into heaven,' is the parting promise of
Jesus to His disciples, communicated through the two men in white apparel,
as a cloud received Him out of their sight. When after more than fifty
years in glory He breaks the silence and speaks once more in the Revelation
which He gave to His servant John, the post-ascension gospel which He
sends opens with, `Behold, He cometh with clouds,' and closes with, `Surely
I come quickly.' Considering the solemn emphasis thus laid upon this
doctrine, and considering the great prominence given to it throughout the
teaching of our Lord and of His apostles, how was it that for the first five
years of my pastoral life it had absolutely no place in my preaching? Un-
doubtedly, the reason lay in the lack of early instruction. Of all the ser-
mons heard from childhood on, I do not remember listening to a single one
upon this subject."—"How Christ Came to Church," by A..1. Gordon, D. D.,
pages 44, 45.
7. At His ascension, what assurance was given of Christ's
return?
"And while they looked steadfastly toward heaven as He
went up, behold, two men stood by them in white apparel;
which also said, Ye men of Galilee, why stand ye gazing up into
heaven? this same Jesus, which is taken up from you into heaven,
shall so come in like manner as ye have seen Him go into heaven."
Acts 1: 10, 11.
8. How ancient is this doctrine of Christ's coming?
"And Enoch also, the seventh from Adam, prophesied of
244 BIBLE READINGS
these, saying, Behold, the Lord cometh with ten thousands of His
saints, to execute judgment upon all." Jude 14, 15.
Nom.— Seeking to cast reflection upon modern believers in the advent
doctrine, a man in Hungary not long ago remarked to a colporteur of this
faith that he had heard that the first Adventist preacher is still living.
"Yes," replied the colporteur, "the first Adventist preacher is still living,
yet the Adventist faith is thousands of years old. The Bible says that
Enoch also, the seventh from Adam, preached the coming of Christ in
glory and power, and Enoch is still living. He was translated to heaven
without seeing death, and will never die."
9. What was Job's confidence concerning Christ's coming?
"For I know that my Redeemer liveth, and that He shall
stand at the latter day upon the earth: . . . whom I shall
see for myself, and mine eyes shall behold, and not another;
though my reins be consumed within me." Job 19: 25-27.
10. How does David speak of Christ's coming?
"Our God shall come, and shall not keep silence: a fire shall
devour before Him, and it shall be very tempestuous round
about Him." Ps. 50: 3. "For He cometh, for He cometh to
judge the earth: He shall judge the .world with righteousness,
and the people with His truth." Ps. 96: 13.
11. How does Paul give expression to this hope?
"For our conversation is in heaven; from whence also we
look for the Saviour, the Lord Jesus Christ." Phil. 3: 20.
"Looking for that blessed hope, and the glorious appearing of
the great God and our Saviour Jesus Christ." Titus 2: 13.
12. What is Peter's testimony regarding it?
"For we have not followed cunningly devised fables, when
we made known unto you the power and coming of our. Lord
Jesus Christ, but were eye-witnesses of His majesty." 2 Peter
1: 16.
13. When are the saints to be like Jesus?
"Beloved, now are we the sons of God, and it doth not yet
appear what we shall be: but we know that, when He shall
appear, we shall be like Him; for we shall see Him as He is."
1 John 3: 2.
14. What scriptures show that Christ's coming will be a
time of reward?
"For the Son of man shall come in the glory of His Father
with His angels; and then He shall reward every man according
to his works." Matt. 16: 27. "And, behold, I come quickly;
 CHRIST'S SECOND COMING 245
and My reward is with Me, to give every man according as his
work shall be." Rev. 22: 12.
15. To whom is salvation. promised at Christ's appearing?
"So Christ was once offered to bear the sins of many; and
unto them that look for Him shall He appear the second time with-
out sin unto salvation." Heb. 9: 28.
16. What influence has this hope upon the life?
"We know that, when He shall appear, we shall be like Him;
for we shall see Him as He is. And every man that hath this
hope in him purifieth himself, even as He is pure." 1 John 3: 2, 3.
17. To whom does Paul say a crown of righteousness is
promised?
"For I am now ready to be offered, and the time of my de-
parture is at hand. I have fought a good fight, I have finished
my course, I have kept the faith: henceforth there is laid up for
me a crown of righteousness, which the Lord, the righteous
judge, shall give me at that day : and not to me only, but unto
all them also that love His appearing." 2 Tim. 4: 6-8.
18. What will the waiting ones say when Jesus comes?
"And it shall be said in that day, Lo, this is our God; we
have waited for Him, and He will save us: this is the Lord; we
have waited for Him, we will be glad and rejoice in His sal-
vation." Isa. 25: 9.
19. Has the exact time of Christ's coming been revealed?
"But of that day and hour knoweth no man, no, not the angels
of heaven, but My Father only." Matt. 24: 36.
20. In view of this fact, what does Christ tell us to do?
"Watch therefore: for ye know not what hour your Lord doth
come." Verse 42.
No'rE.—" In the Scriptures, the constant note, the continually re-
curring exhortation, is to be prepared for the Lord's coming."— Dean
Alford. "The proper attitude of a Christian is to be always looking for his
Lord's return."— D. L. Moody. See "How Christ Came to Church," by
A. J. Gordon, pages 49, 50.
21. What warning has Christ given that we might not be
taken by surprise by this great event?
"And take heed to yourselves, lest at any time your hearts
be overcharged with surfeiting, and drunkenness, and cares of
this life, and so that day come upon you unawares. For as a
.246 BIBLE READINGS
snare shall it come on all them that dwell on the face of the whole
earth. Watch ye therefore, and pray always, that ye may be
accounted worthy to escape all these things that shall come to
pass, and to stand before the Son of man." Luke 21: 34-36.
22. What Christian grace are we exhorted to exercise in our
expectant longing for this event?
"Be patient therefore, brethren, unto the coming of the
Lord. Behold, the husbandman waiteth for the precious fruit
of the earth, and hath long patience for it, until he receive the
early and latter rain. Be ye also patient; stablish your hearts:
for the coming of the Lord draweth nigh." James 5: 7, 8.

MANNER OF CHRIST'S COMING

1. Is Christ coming again?
"I will come again." John 14: 3.
2. How does Paul speak of this coming?
"Unto them that look for Him shall He appear the second
time without sin unto salvation." Heb. 9: 28.
3. Did the early disciples think that death would be the
second coming of Christ?
"Peter seeing him [John] saith to Jesus, Lord, and what
shall this man do? Jesus saith unto him, If I will that he tarry
till I come, what is that to thee? follow thou Me. Then went
this saying abroad among the brethren, that that disciple should
not die: yet Jesus said not unto him, He shall not die; but, If I
will that he tarry till I come, what is that to thee?" John 21:
21-23.
Nuns.— From this it is evident that the early disciples regarded
death and the coming of Christ as two separate events.
"`Therefore be ye also ready: for in such an hour as ye think not the
Son of man cometh.' Some people say that means death; but the Word of
God does not say it means death. Death is our enemy, but our Lord hath
the keys of death; He has conquered death, hell, and the grave. . . .
Christ is the Prince of Life; there is no death where He is; death flees at
His coming; dead bodies sprang to life when He touched them or spoke to
them. His coming is not death. He is the resurrection and the life.
When He sets up His kingdom, there is to be no death, but life forever-
more."—"The Second Coming of Christ," by D. L. Moody, pages 10, 11.
4. At His ascension, how did the angels say Christ would
come again?
"And when He had spoken these things, while they beheld,
He was taken up; and a cloud received Him out of their sight.
 MANNER OF CHRIST'S COMING 247
And while they looked steadfastly toward heaven as He went up,
behold, two men stood by them in white apparel; which also
said, Ye men of Galilee, why stand ye gazing up into heaven?
this same Jesus, which is taken up from you into heaven, shall
so come in like manner as ye have seen Him go into heaven." Acts
1: 9-11.
5. How did Christ Himself say He would come?
"For the Son of man shall come in the glory of His Father
with His angels." Matt. 16: 27. "Then shall all the tribes
of the earth mourn, and they shall see the Son of man coming
in the clouds of heaven with power and great glory." Matt. 24:
30. "For whosoever shall be ashamed of Me and of My words,
of him shall the Son of man be ashamed, when He shall come in
His own glory, and in His Father's, and of the holy angels." Luke
9:26.
6. How many will see Him when He comes?
"Behold, He cometh with clouds; and every eye shall see
Him, and they also which pierced Him." Rev. 1: 7.
NOTE.- Christ's second coming will be as real as was His first, and
as visible as His ascension, and far more glorious. To spiritualize our
Lord's return is to pervert the obvious meaning of His promise, "I will
come again " and nullify the whole plan of redemption; for the reward of
the faithful'all ages is to be given at this most glorious of all events.
7. What wonderful demonstration will accompany the
Lord's coming?
"The Lord Himself shall descend from heaven with a shout,
with the voice of the Archangel, and with the trump of God: and the
dead in Christ shall rise first." 1 Thess. 4: 16.
8. What warning has Christ given concerning false views
of the manner of His coming?
"Then if any man shall say unto you, Lo, here is Christ, or
there; believe it not. For there shall arise false Christs, and false
prophets, and shall show great signs and wonders; insomuch
that, if it were possible, they shall deceive the very elect. Be-
hold, I have told you before. Wherefore if they shall say unto
you, Behold, He is in the desert; go not forth: behold, He is in
the secret chambers; believe it not." Matt. 24: 23-26.
9. How visible is His coming to be?
"For as the lightning cometh out of the east, and shineth
even unto the west; so shall also the coming of the Son of man
be." Verse 27.
 OBJECT OF CHRIST'S COMING
1. FOR what purpose did Christ say He would come again? •
"I go to prepare a place for you. And if I go and prepare
a place for you, I will come again, and receive you unto Myself;
that where I am, there ye may be also." John 14: 2, 3.
2. What part will the angels have in this event?
"And He shall send His angels with a great sound of a trum-
pet, and they shall gather together His elect from the four winds,
from one end of heaven to the other." Matt. 24: 31.
3. What takes place at the sounding of the trumpet?
"For the Lord Himself shall descend from heaven with a
shout, with the voice of the Archangel, and with the trump of
God: and the dead in Christ shall rise first." 1 Thess. 4: 16.
4. What will be done with the righteous living?
"Then we which are alive and remain shall be caught up to-
gether with them in the clouds, to meet the Lord in the air: and so
shall we ever be with the Lord." Verse 17.
5. What change will then take place in both the living and
the sleeping saints?
"We shall not all sleep, but we shall all be changed, in a
moment, in the twinkling of an eye, at the last trump: for the
trumpet shall sound, and the dead shall be raised incorruptible,
and we shall be changed. For this corruptible must put on
incorruption, and this mortal must put on immortality." 1 Cor.
15: 51-53.
6. When are the saints to be like Jesus?
"But we know that, when He shall appear, we shall be like
Him; for we shall see Him as He is." 1 John 3: 2.
7. How many will receive a reward when Christ comes?
"For the Son of man shall come in the glory of His Father
with His angels; and then He shall reward every man according to
his works." Matt. 16: 27.
8. What does He say He will bring with Him when He
comes?
"Behold, I come quickly; and My reward is with Me, to give
every man according as his works shall be." Rev. 22: 12.
9. What promise is made to those who look for Him?
[248]
 OBJECT OF CHRIST'S COMING 249
"So Christ was once offered to bear the sins of many; and
unto them that look for Him shall He appear the second time
without sin unto salvation." Heb. 9: 28.
10. When did Christ say the good would be recompensed?
"For thou shalt be recompensed at the resurrection of the
just." Luke 14: 14.
11. Have the worthies of old gone to their reward?
"And these all, having obtained a good report through
faith, received not the promise: God having provided some better
thing for us, that they without us should not be made perfect."
Heb. 11:39, 40.
12. When did Paul expect to receive his crown?
"Henceforth there is laid up for me a crown of righteousness,
which the Lord, the righteous judge, shall give me at that day:
and not to me only, but unto all them also that love His appear-
ing." 2 Tim. 4: 8.
13. Will this be a time of judgment?
"And Enoch also, the seventh from Adam, prophesied of
these, saying, Behold, the Lord cometh with ten thousands of His
saints, to execute judgment upon all." Jude 14, 15.
14. How did David express himself on this point?
"For He cometh, for He cometh to judge the earth: He shall
judge the world with righteousness, and the people with His
truth." Ps. 96: 13.
15. When did Paul say Christ would judge the living and
the dead?
"I charge thee therefore before God, and the Lord Jesus
Christ, thho shall judge the quick and the dead at His appearing
and His kingdom." 2 Tim. 4: 1.
16. What great separation will then take place?
"When the Son of man shall come in His glory, and all the
holy angels with Him, then shall He sit upon the throne of His
glory: and before Him shall be gathered all nations: and He shall
separate them one from another, as a shepherd divideth his sheep
from the goats." Matt. 25: 31, 32.
17. What will He say to those on His right hand?
"Then shall the King say unto them on His right hand,
250 BIBLE READINGS
Come, ye blessed of My Father, inherit the kingdom prepared for
you from the foundation of the world." Verse 34.
18. What will He say to those on the left?
"Then shall He say also unto them on the left hand, Depart
jumAc,„litsursed, into everlasting fire,
_ prepared
• for
• the devil and
his angels." Verse 41 .41 V V

THE RESURRECTION OF THE JUST

1. CONCERNING what should we not be ignorant?
"But I would not have you to be ignorant, brethren, con-
cerning them which are asleep, that ye sorrow not, even as others
which have no hope." 1 Thess. 4: 13.
2. What is set forth as the basis for hope and comfort?
"For if we believe that Jesus died and rose again, even so them
also which sleep in Jesus will God bring with Him." Verse 14.
3. When will this resurrection of the saints take place?
"For this we say unto you by the word of the Lord, that we
which are alive and remain unto the coming of the Lord shall not
prevent [precede] them which are asleep. For the Lord Himself
shall descend from heaven with a shout, with the voice of the Arch-
angel, and with the trump of God: and the dead in Christ shall
rise first." Verses 15, 16.
4. What will then take place?
"Then we which are alive and remain shall be caught up to-
gether with them in the clouds, to meet the Lord in the air:
and so shall we ever be with the Lord." Verse 17.
5. With what are we to comfort one another?
"Wherefore comfort one another with these words." Verse 18.
Nom.— The hope of a resurrection from the dead to a life immortal
is the great hope set forth in the gospel.
6. Concerning what did Christ tell us not to marvel?
"Marvel not at this: for the hour is coming, in the which all
that are in the graves shall hear His voice, and shall come forth;
they that have done good, unto the resurrection of life; and they
that have done evil, unto the resurrection of damnation." John
5:28, 29.
7. What is said of those embraced in the first resurrection?
"Blessed and holy is he that hath part in the first resurrec-
 THE RESURRECTION OF THE JUST 251
tion: on such the second death hath no power, but they shall be
priests of God and of Christ, and shall reign with Him a thou-
sand years." Rev. 20:6.
8. Upon what one fact does Paul base the Christian hope?
"Now if Christ be preached that He rose from the dead,
how say some among you that there is no resurrection of the
dead? But if there be no resurrection of the dead, then is Christ
not risen: and if Christ be not risen, then is our preaching vain,
and your faith is also vain. Yea, and we are found false wit-
nesses of God; because we have testified of God that He raised
up Christ: whom He raised not up, if so be that the dead rise
not. For if the dead rise not, then is not Christ raised: and if
Christ be not raised, your faith is vain; ye are yet in your sins.
Then they also which are fallen asleep in Christ are perished.
If in this life only we have hope in Christ, we are of all men most
miserable." 1 Cor. 15: 12-19.
9. What positive declaration does the apostle then make?
"But now is Christ risen from the dead, and become the first-
fruits of them that slept. For since by man came death, by
man came also the resurrection of the dead. For as in Adam all
die, even so in Christ shall all be made alive." Verses 20-22.
NOTE.— The resurrection of Christ is in many respects the most
significant fact in history. It is the great and impregnable foundation
and hope of the Christian church. Every fundamental truth of Chris-
tianity is involved in the resurrection of Christ. If this could be over-
thrown, every essential doctrine of Christianity would be invalidated.
The resurrection of Christ is the pledge of our resurrection and future life.
10. What does Christ ptoclaim Himself to be?
"I am the resurrection and the life: he that believeth in Me,
though he were dead, yet shall he live : and whosoever liveth and
believeth in Me shall never die." John 11:25, 26. "I am He
that liveth, and was dead; and, behold, I am alive forevermore,
Amen; and have the keys of hell and of death." Rev. 1: 18.
NOTE.— Christ changed death into a sleep. Absolute death knows
no waking; but through Christ all who have fallen under the power of
death will be raised, some to a life unending, some to everlasting death.
11. What question does Job ask and answer?
"If a man die, shall he live again? all the days of my appointed
time will I wait, till my change come. Thou shalt call, and I
will answer Thee: Thou wilt have a desire to the work of Thine
hands." Job 14: 14, 15.
12. Why did Job wish that his words were written in a book.
graven with an. iron pen, and lead in the rock forever?.
252 BIBLE READINGS
"For I know that My Redeemer liveth, and that He shall
stand at the latter day upon the earth : and though after my skin
worms destroy this body, yet in my flesh shall I see God." Job
19:25, 26.
13. How does Paul say the saints will be raised?
"Behold, I show you a mystery; We shall not all sleep, but
we shall all be changed, in a moment, in the twinkling of an eye,
at the last trump : for the trumpet shall sound, and the dead shall
be raised incorruptible." 1 Cor. 15:51, 52.
14. What great change will then take place in their bodies?
"So also is the resurrection of the dead. It is sown in corrup-
tion; it is raised in incorruption: it is sown in dishonor; it is raised
in glory: it is sown in weakness; it is raised in power: it is sown a
natural body; it is raised a spiritual body." Verses 42-44.
15. What saying will then be brought to pass?
"0 death, where is thy sting? 0 grave, where is thy vic-
tory?" Verse 55.
16. When did David say he would be satisfied?
"As for me, I will behold Thy face in righteousness: J shall
be satisfied, when I awake, with Thy likeness." Ps. 17: 15.
17. What comforting promise has God made concerning the
sleeping saints?
"I will ransom them from the power of the grave; I will redeem
them from death: 0 death, I will be thy plagues; 0 grave, I will
be thy destruction." Hosea 13: 14.
18. What else has He promised to do?
"And God shall wipe away all tears from their eyes; and there
shall be no more death, neither sorrow, nor crying, neither shall
there be any more pain: for the former things are passed away."
Rev. 21: 4. See pages 556-572.

THE WORLD'S CONVERSION

1. WHAT did Christ say would be the condition of the world
at His second coming?
"As it was in the days of Noe, so shall it be also in the days
of the Son of man." Luke 17: 26. See also verses 27-30.
2. How was it in the days of Noah?
 THE WORLD'S CONVERSION 253

"And God saw that the wickedness of man was great in the
earth, and that every imagination of the thoughts of his heart was
only evil continually. . . . And the earth was filled with
violence." Gen. 6: 5-11.
NOTE.— In a sermon delivered at Savannah, Ga., Dec. 2, 1912,
Bishop A. W. Wilson (Methodist) said: "Old Rome in her worst days
never harbored such conditions of vice as are prevalent in our highest
social circles. Never at any period of the world's history has the moral
stratum been so thin or so low."
3. How did Paul characterize the last days?
"This know also, that in the last days perilous times shall
come." 2 Tim. 3:1.
4. What did he say would make those times perilous?
"For men shall be lovers of their own selves, covetous,
boasters, proud, blasphemers, disobedient to parents, unthank-
ful, unholy, without natural affection, truce-breakers, false
accusers, incontinent, fierce, despisers of those that are good,
traitors, heady, high-minded, lovers of pleasures more than
lovers of God; having a form of godliness, but denying the power
thereof." Verses 2-5.
5. Are things to grow better or worse before the Lord comes?
"But evil men and seducers shall wax worse and worse, de-
ceiving, and being deceived." Verse 13.
NOTE.— "Even to the end of time there will still be occasion for the
same complaint; the world will grow no better, no, not when it is drawing
toward its period. Bad it is, and bad it will be, and worst of all just
before Christ's coming."— Matthew Henry, on Luke 18: 8.
6. According to the parable of the wheat and the tares,
how long are the good and bad to remain together?
"The field is the world; the good seed are the children of
the kingdom; but the tares are the children of the wicked one;
the enemy that sowed them is the devil." "Let both grow to-
gether until the harvest: and in the time of harvest I will say to
the reapers, Gather ye together first the tares, and bind them in
bundles to burn them." Matt. 13: 38, 39, 30.
7. When does the harvest come?
"The harvest is the end of the world." Verse 39.
Novas.— Thus it is plain that the wicked (the tares) live with the
righteous (the wheat) till the end of the world. There is, then, no time
before Christ's coming for a sinless state, in which all men will be converted
apd turn to God.
The religious population of the globe bas been classified as follows:—
254 BIBLE READINGS
Non-Christian Christian
Buddhists 135,161,000 Roman Catholics 273,500,000
Brahmans 250,000,000 Protestants 170,900,000
Mohammedans 219,030,000 Greek Church 121,801,000
Fetish-worshipers 150,000,000 Various 16,300,000
Animists 136,325,000
Jews 15,580,000
All others 144,904,000
1,051,000,000 582,501,000
8. For what purpose did Christ say the gospel was to be
preached in all the world?
"And this gospel of the kingdom shall be preached in all
the world for a witness unto all nations; and then shall the end
come." Matt. 24: 14.
Norm.— He did not say that all would receive the gospel, but that
the gospel was to be preached in all the world for a witness unto all nations,
and that then the end would come.
Commenting on Rev. 20:2, Dr. Adam Clarke says: "Probably no
such time shall ever appear, in which evil shall be wholly banished from
the earth, till after the day of judgment, when, the earth having been
burned up, a new heaven and a new earth shall be produced out of the
ruins of the old, by the mighty power of God; righteousness alone shall
dwell in them."— Clarke's Commentary, edition 1860.
9. When is the "man of sin," or "mystery of iniquity,"
called also "that Wicked," to come to an end?
"And then shall that Wicked be revealed, whom the Lord
shall consume with the spirit of His mouth, and shall destroy
with the brightness of His coming." 2 Thess. 2: 8.
10. How long was the little horn of Dan. 7: 25 to make war
with the saints?
"I beheld, and the same horn made war with the saints,
and prevailed against them; until the Ancient of days came, and
judgment was given to the saints of the Most High; and the time
came that the saints possessed the kingdom." Dan. 7: 21, 22.
11. How will the day of the Lord come upon the world?
"For yourselves know perfectly that the day of the Lord so
cometh as a thief in the night. For when they shall say, Peace
and safety; then sudden destruction cometh upon them, . .
and they shall not escape. But ye, brethren, are not in dark-
ness, that that day should overtake you as a thief." 1 Thess.
5:2-4.
Nom.— There will be but two classes in the world then: those in
darkness, who are looking for a time of peace and safety, and those not in
darkness, who are looking for the day of the Lord,— a day of waste and
destruction,— the coming of Christ and the end of the world. See Jer.
7: 1-19; Dan. 12: 1; Joel 2: 1-11; Zephaniah 1.
 THE WORLD'S CONVERSION 255
12. What will some who are in darkness say when they hear
about the Lord's coming?
"Knowing this first, that there shall come in the last days
scoffers, walking after their own lusts, and saying, Where is the
promise of His coming? for since the fathers fell asleep, all things
continue as they were from the beginning of the creation."
2 Peter 3: 3, 4.
13. What will be popularly taught in the last days?
"But in the last days . . . many nations shall come, and
say, Come, and let us go up to the mountain of the Lord, and to
the house of the God of Jacob; . . . and He shall judge
among many people, and rebuke strong nations afar off; and they
shall beat their swords into plowshares, and their spears into
pruning-hooks: nation shall not lift up a sword against nation,
neither shall they learn war any more." Micah 4: 1-3. See also
Isa. 2:2-5.
NOTE.- Notice, this is not what the Lord says., but what the Lord
says many nations shall say in the last days. And this is the very message
now heard in every land,— a great world's peace movement; a call for all
nations to disarm, to go to war no more, and to profess religion.
14. What message indicates the true condition of things?
"Proclaim ye this among the Gentiles; Prepare war, wake
up the mighty men, let all the men of war draw near; let them come
up: beat your plowshares into swords, and your pruning-hooks
into spears: let the weak say, I am strong." Joel 3: 9, 10.
Now.— On this question of preparing for war note the following:—
Armies of the World
NATIONAL ARMY
REGULAR STANDING ARMY (1926) INCLUDING RESERVES
Arabia 665,000
Austria . 20,000 533,317
Belgium . 82,272 1,163,370
British Empire . 155,800 6,136,340
China . . 1,200,000 15,200,000
Denmark . . 125,000 436,581
France . 668,503 6,712,938
Germany . • 100,000 8,500,000
Greece . 72,380 700,000
Italy . 236,700 6,400,000
Japan . . 210,000 7,240,000
Jtigo-Slavia . 120,000 2,195,000
Netherlands 16,100 670,000
Norway . 24,422 400,000
Portugal . 26,089 912,168
Russia . • 654,000 13,000,000
Spain . . • 257,000 2,174,468
Sweden 13,000 748,000
Switzerland • 170,000 602,000
Tiirkey • 125,000 665,000
United States • 136,286 18,500,000

Total 4,412,552 93,554,182

256 BIBLE READINGS
Naval Expenditures of the Great Powers for Four Years
Ending June 30, 1926
Great Britain . . . $1,193,766,237
France 818,908,298
Italy 657,138,832
United States 1,268,895,462
Japan 947,977,070
Total 4 886,685,899
Nelson's Encyclopedia (article " Army ") says that " before the
outbreak of the World War in 1914, the immense armies maintained
by European countries had come to be a terrific drain upon their
respective nations." It may be added that conditions have not im-
proved since the Great War. In some cases, as for instance in Ger-
many, armies are not so large as formerly, but it is said that taking
Europe as a whole, there are more men under arms in that continent
than in 1914.
15. While making these war preparations, what are men
saying?
"They have healed also the hurt of the daughter of My
people slightly, saying, Peace, peace; when there is no peace."
Jer. 6: 14.
NOTE.— Every one conversant with existing conditions in the world
today knows this is true. While the message of peace is being proclaimed,
the nations are arming as never before; wars are in progress almost con-
tinually; international complications are constantly arising; and a world
war is feared as imminent, and constantly looming in sight. The world
today is a vast armed camp.
16. But does not the Bible say that the heathen are to be
given to the Lord for an inheritance?
"Ask of Me, and I shall give Thee the heathen for Thine in-
heritance, and the uttermost parts of the earth for Thy posses-
sion." Ps. 2: 8.
17. What will the Lord do with them?
"Thou shalt break them with a rod of iron; Thou shalt dash
them in pieces like a potter's vessel." Verse 9. "And out of
His mouth goeth a sharp sword, that with it He should smite
the nations: and He shall rule them with a rod of iron: and He
treadeth the wine-press of the fierceness and wrath of Almighty
God." Rev. 19: 15.
NOTE.— How suddenly surprised those who have been preaching
peace and safety will be when the end comes is indicated in the text already
quoted: "For yourselves know perfectly that the day of the Lord so cometh
as a thief in the night. For when they shall say, Peace and safety; then
sudden destruction cometh upon them." 1 Thess. 5:2, 3. All heedless of
the signs of the times, and indifferent to the future, the world will come
up to the day of the Lord unprepared. As a thief in the night, coming
with stealthy, muffled tread, this day will take all unawares who are not
looking, watching, and waiting for their Lord's return. Instead of look-
ing for the world's conversion, we should be looking for Christ's coming.
 THE GATHERING OF ISRAEL
1. BECAUSE of disobedience, what experience came to Israel?
"I will make you to be removed into all the kingdoms of
the earth." Jer. 34: 17. See Jer. 25: 8-11.
2. What prophecy spoke of their return from captivity?
"For I know the thoughts that I think toward you, saith
the Lord, thoughts of peace, and not of evil, to give you an ex-
pected end. . . . And ye shall seek Me, and find Me, when
ye shall search for Me with all your heart. And I will be found
of you, saith the Lord: and I will turn away your captivity, and
I will gather you from all the nations, and from all the places
whither I have driven you, saith the Lord; and I will bring you
again into the place whence I caused you to be carried away
captive." Jer. 29: 11-14. See also Jer. 23: 3.
Num.— The first dispersion of the Jews occurred B. c. 606-588, under
Nebuchadnezzar, king of Babylon. In B. c. 457, under Artaxerxes, the Per-
sian king, large numbers of Jews returned to Palestine, their home land.
3. How had Moses spoken of another and greater dispersion?
"The Lord shall bring a nation against thee from far, from
the end of the earth, . . . and he shall besiege thee in all
thy gates, until thy high and fenced walls come down, wherein
thou trustedst, . . . and the Lord shall scatter thee
among all people, from the one end of the earth even unto the
other. Deut. 28: 49-64.
NOTE.— This calamity and dispersion occurred in 70 A. D., under
Titus, the Roman general. Says the Popular and Critical Bible Encyclo-
pedia, Vol. II, article "Jerusalem," page 932: "Jerusalem seems to have
been raised to this greatness as if to enhance the misery of its overthrow.
So soon as the Jews had set the seal to their formal rejection of Christ,
by putting Him to death, and invoking the responsibility of His blood upon
the heads of themselves and of their children (Matt. 27:25), the city's
doom went forth. Titus, a young, brave, and competent Roman general,
with an army.. of sixty thousand trained, victorious warriors, appeared be-
fore the city in April, 70 A. D., and the most disastrous siege of all history
began." See pages 227, 228.
4. Under what striking symbol was all this foretold?
"Thus saith the Lord, Go and get a potter's earthen bottle,
and . . . break the bottle . . . and . . . say unto
them, Thus saith the Lord of hosts; Even so will I break this
people and this city, as one breaketh a potter's vessel, that cannot
be made whole again." Jer. 19: 1-11.
NOTE.— "No city on the globe has suffered more from war and sieges
than Jerusalem. . . . Storming legions, battering-rams, and cata-
pults have razed it again and again. And yet, the general outline of the
17 [257]
258 BIBLE READINGS
city has always been preserved. Zion and Mt. Moriah remain in full view
from Olivet, and there, on those hills, stretching away toward the west,
city after city has come and gone in the passing ages."— Popular and
Critical Bible Encyclopedia, Vol. II, article "Jerusalem," pages 928, 929.
5. How long was Jerusalem to be trodden down of the Gen-
tiles?
"And they shall fall by the edge of the sword, and shall be
led away captive into all nations: and Jerusalem shall be trodden
down of the Gentiles, until the times of the Gentiles be fulfilled."
Luke 21: 24.
Nova.— Jerusalem stands for the people, the truth, and the true
worship of God. It is first mentioned in the Bible as Salem (Gen. 14: 18);
is spoken of figuratively as a mother bringing forth the children of God
(Gal. 4: 26, 27); and is a type of the holy city, New Jerusalem, which is
to be the metropolis of the new earth. In Rev. 11:2 it is used as a type
of God's people during the long period of 1260 years of papal persecution,
who are there referred to as "the holy city," which the Gentiles "tread
underfoot forty and two months."
6. What will terminate the "times" allotted to the Gentiles?
"And this gospel of the kingdom shall be preached in all the
world for a witness unto all nations; and then shall the end come."
Matt. 24: 14.
7. Why was the gospel to be preached to the Gentiles?
"Simeon hath declared how God at the first did visit the
Gentiles, to take out of them a people for His name." Acts 15: 14.
8. What false idea of this gathering were some to hold?
"And many nations shall come, and say, Come, and let us
go up to the mountain of the Lord, and to the house of the God
of Jacob; and He will teach us of His ways, and we will walk in
His paths: for the law shall go forth of Zion, and the word of
the Lord from Jerusalem." Micah 4: 2.
9. For what will the heathen be assembled in Palestine?
"Let the heathen be wakened, and come up to the valley of
Jehoshaphat. . . . Multitudes, multitudes in the valley of
decision [margin, concision, or threshing; i. e., war] : for the day
of the Lord is near in the valley of decision." Joel 3: 12-14.
10. Under whose influence are the nations to be assembled?
"And I saw three unclean spirits like frogs come out of the
mouth of the dragon, and out of the mouth of the beast, and out
of the mouth of the false prophet. For they are the spirits of
devils, working miracles, which go forth unto the kings of the
earth and of the whole world, to gather them to the battle of
that great day of God Almighty." Rev. 16: 13, 14.
 THE GATHERING OF ISRAEL 259
Nan.— Infatuated by the doctrine of the world's conversion and a
temporal millennium of peace, prosperity, and good will among. men, the
deluded nations will aim to make Jerusalem the center of a glorious king-
dom, at which place they will doubtless expect Christ will come and take
up is reign as their king. This was the favorite idea of the crusaders in
the dark ages. But the crusaders were mistaken in their conception, and
sorely disappointed. So also will the modern crusaders be mistaken and
disappointed; for one object of Christ's second corning will be to "smite
the nations" and to destroy these armies assembled. Rev. 19: 15.
11. Unto whom are God's people to be gathered?
"The scepter shall not depart from Judah, nor a lawgiver
from between his feet, until Shiloh come; and unto Him shall
the gathering of the people be." Gen. 49: 10.
12. How did Chrisj speak of the gathering of the Gentiles?
"Other sheep have I, which are not of this fold: them also
I must bring, and they shall hear My voice; and there shall be
one fold, and one shepherd." John 10: 16.
13. What great gathering yet awaits God's people?
"And it shall come to pass in that day, that the Lord shall
set His hand again the second time to recover the remnant of His
people. . . . And He shall set up an ensign for the nations,
and shall assemble the outcasts of Israel, and gather together the
dispersed of Judah from the four corners of the earth." Isa. 11:
11, 12. "And He shall send His angels with a great sound of a
trumpet, and they shall gather together His elect from the four
winds, from one end of heaven to the other." Matt. 24:31.

THE MILLENNIUM
1. WHAT text definitely brings the millennium to view?
"And I saw thrones, and they sat upon them, and judgment
was given unto them: . . . and they lived and reigned with
Christ a thousand years." Rev. 20:4.
2. Whom does Paul say the saints are to judge?
"Dare any of you, having a matter against another, go
to law before the unjust, and not before the saints? Do ye not
know that the saints shall judge the world? . . . Know ye
not that we shall judge angels?" 1 Cor. 6: 1-3.
NOTE.-- From these scriptures it is plain that the saints of all ages
are to be engaged with Christ in a work of "judgment" during the millen-
nium, or one thousand years.
3. What prophecy had Paul upon which to base his state-
ment?
 SUM SECOND RIGHTEOUS SATAN SAINTS HOLY CHRIST WICKED SATAN WICKED
UST CONING RENO BOUND TAMA OMENS
CITY MIS SAINTS ODAD LOOSED DURUM
RUGUU Of OISIST RAISED TO HEAVEN APPEAN RAISES
a

SAINTS
POSSESS
THE KINGDOM

1,000 YEARS BETWEEN THE TWO RESURRECTIONS (EARTH DESOLATE) ETERNITY

THE MILLENNIUM NEW EARTH STATE

The millennium is the closing period of God's great week of time — a great sabbath of rest to the earth and to the people
of God.
It follows the close of the gospel age, and precedes the setting up of the everlasting kingdom of God on earth.
It comprehends what in the Scriptures is frequently spoken of as " the day of the Lord."
It is bounded at each end by a resurrection.
Its beginning is marked by the pouring out of the seven last plagues, the seconc1 coming of Christ, the resurrection of
the righteous dead, the binding of Satan, and the translation of the saints to heaven; and its close, by the descent of the New
Jerusalem, with Christ and the saints, from heaven, the resurrection of the wicked dead, the loosing of Satan, and the final
destruction of the wicked.
During the one thousand years the earth lies desolate; Satan and his angels are confined here; and the saints, with Christ,
sit in judgment on the wicked, preparatory to their final punishment.
The wicked dead are then raised; Satan is loosed for a little season, and he and the host of the wicked encompass the
camp of the saints and the holy city, when fire comes down from God out of heaven and devours them. The earth is cleansed
by the same fire that destroys the wicked, and, renewed, becomes the eternal abode of the saints.
The millennium is one of " the ages to come." Its close will mark the beginning of the new earth state.
[2601
 THE MILLENNIUM 261
"I beheld, and the same horn made war with the saints,
and prevailed against them; until the Ancient of days came,
and judgment was given to the saints of the Most High." Dan.
7:21, 22.
4. How many resurrections are there to be?
"Marvel not at this: for the hour is coming, in the which
all that are in the graves shall hear His voice, and shall come
forth; they that have done good, unto the resurrection of life;
and they that have done evil, unto the resurrection of damna-
tion." John 5: 28, 29.
5. What class only have part in the first resurrection?
"Blessed and holy is he that hath part in the first resurrection:
on such the second death hath no power." Rev. 20: 6.
6. What will Christ do with the saints when He comes?
"I will come again, and receive you unto Myself; that where
I am, there ye may be also." John 14: 3.
NOTE.— In other words, Christ will take them to heaven, there to
live and reign with Him during the one thousand years.
7. Where did John, in vision, see the saints?
"After this I beheld, and, lo, a great multitude, which no
man could number, of all nations, and kindreds, and people, and
tongues, stood before the throne and before the Lamb, clothed
with white robes, and palms in' their hands." Rev. 7: 9.
NOTE.— This scripture shows plainly that the righteous are all taken
to heaven immediately after the first resurrection. This accords with
the words of Christ in John 14: 1-3, where He says, "I go to prepare a
place for you. And if I go and prepare a place for you, I will come again,
and receive you unto Myself; that where I am, there ye may be also." Peter
desired to accompany Christ to those mansions; but Jesus answered, "Thou
canst not follow Me now; but thou shalt follow Me afterwards." John 13:
36. This makes it clear that when Christ returns to earth to receive His
people, He takes them to the Father's house in heaven.
8. What becomes of the living wicked when Christ comes?
"As it was in the days of Noe, so shall it be also in the days
of the Son of man. They did eat, they drank, they married
wives, they were given in marriage, until the day that Noe en-
tered into the ark, and the flood came, and destroyed them all.
Likewise also as it was in the days of Lot; . . . the same day
that Lot went out of Sodom it rained fire and brimstone from
heaven, and destroyed them all. Even thus shall it be in the day
when the Son of man is revealed." Luke 17: 26-30.
9. What does the apostle Paul say concerning this?
262 BIBLE READINGS

"When they shall say, Peace and safety; then sudden de-
struction cometh upon them, . . . and they shall not es-
cape." 1 These. 5: 3.
NOTE.— When Christ comes, the righteous will be delivered and taken
to heaven, and all the living wicked will be suddenly destroyed, as they
were at the time of the flood. For further proof see 2 Thess. 1: 74; Rev.
6: 14-17 19:11-21; Jer. 25: 30-33. There wall be no general resurrection
of the wicked until the end of the one thousand years. This will leave the
earth desolate and without human inhabitant during this period.
10. What description does the prophet Jeremiah give of
the earth during this time?
"I beheld the earth, and, lo, it was without form, and void;
and the heavens, and they had no light. I beheld the moun-
tains, and, lo, they trembled, and all the hills moved lightly.
I beheld, and, lo, there was no man, and all the birds of the
heavens were fled. I beheld, and, lo, the fruitful place was a
wilderness, and all the cities thereof were broken down at the
presence of the Lord, and by His fierce anger." Jer. 4: 23-26.
NOTE.— At the coming of Christ the earth is reduced to a chaotic
state — to a mass of ruins. The heavens depart as a scroll when it is
rolled together; mountains are moved out of their places; and the earth
is left a dark, dreary, desolate waste. See Isa. 24: 1-3; Rev. 6: 14-17.
11. How does Isaiah speak of the wicked at this time?
"It shall come to pass in that day, that the Lord shall punish
the host of the high ones that are on high, and the kings of the
earth upon the earth. And they shall be gathered together,
as prisoners are gathered in the pit, and shall be shut up in prison,
and after many days shall they be visited." Isa. 24: 21, 22.
12. How long is Satan to be imprisoned on this earth?
"I saw an angel come down from heaven, having the key
of the bottomless pit and a great chain in his hand. And he
laid hold on the dragon, that old serpent, which is the devil,
and Satan, and bound him a thousand years, and cast him into
the bottomless pit, and shut him up, and set a seal upon him,
that he should deceive the nations no more, till the thousand
years should be fulfilled." Rev. 20: 1-3.
• NOTE.— The word rendered "bottomless pit" in this text is abussos,
the Greek term employed by the Septuagint in Gen. 1:2, as the equivalent
of the Hebrew word rendered " deep " in our English versions. A more
literal translation would be " abyss." It is a term applied to the earth
in its desolate, waste, chaotic, dark, uninhabited condition. In this state
it will remain during the one thousand years. This will be the dreary
prison-house of Satan during this period. Here, in the midst of the mold-
ering bones of wicked dead, slain at Christ's second coming, the broken-
down cities, and the wreck and ruin of all the pomp and power of this
world, Satan will have opportunity to reflect upon the results of his rebel-
lion against God. But the prophecy of Isaiah says, "After many days
:shall they be visited."
 THE MILLENNIUM 263
13. The righteous dead are raised at Christ's second coming.
When will the rest of the dead, the wicked, be raised?
"The rest of the dead lived not again until the thousand years
were finished." Verse 5.
NOTES.— From this we see that the beginning and the close of the mil-
lennium, or one thousand years, are marked by the two resurrections.
The word millennium is from two Latin words, milk, meaning a
thousand, and annus, year — a thousand years. It covers the time during
which Satan is to be bound and wicked men and angels are to be judged.
This period is bounded by distinct events. Its beginning is marked by the
close of probation, the pouring out of the seven last plagues, the second
coming of Christ, and the resurrection of the righteous dead. It closes
with the resurrection of the wicked, and their final destruction in the lake
of fire. See diagram on page 260.
14. What change is made in Satan's condition at the close
of the one thousand years?
"After that he must be loosed a little season." Verse 3.
NOTE.— At the close of the one thousand years, Christ, accompanied
by.? the saints, comes to the earth again, to execute judgment upon the
wicked, and to prepare the earth, by a re-creation, for the eternal abode of
the righteous. At this time, in answer to the summons of Christ, the
wicked dead of all ages awake to life. This is the second resurrection, the
resurrection unto damnation. The wicked come forth with the same
rebellious -spirit which possessed them in this life. Then Satan is loosed
from his long period of captivity and inactivity.
15. As soon as the wicked are raised, what does Satan at
once proceed to do?
"When the thousand years are expired, Satan shall be loosed
out of his prison, and shall go out to deceive the nations which
are in the four quarters of the earth, Gog and Magog, to gather
them together to battle: the number of whom is as the sand of the
sea." Verses 7, 8.
16. Against whom do the wicked go to make war, and what
is the outcome?
"They went up on the breadth of the earth, and compassed
the camp of the saints about, and the beloved city; and fire came
down from God out of heaven, and devoured them." Verse 9.
NOTES.— This is the last act in the great controversy between Christ
and Satan. The whole human race meet here for the first and last time.
The eternal separation of the righteous from the wicked here takes place.
At this time the judgment of God is executed upon the wicked in the lake
of fire. This is the second death. This ends the great rebellion against
God and His government. Now is heard the voice of God as He sits upon
His throne, speaking to the saints, and saying, "Behold, I make all things
new;" and out of the burning ruins of the old earth there springs forth be-
fore the admiring gaze of the millions of the redeemed, "a new heaven and a
new earth," in which they shall find an everlasting inheritance and dwell-
ing-place.
264 BIBLE READINGS
The millennium is a great sabbath of rest, both for the earth and for
God's people. For six thousand years the earth and its inhabitants have
been groaning under the curse of sin. The millennium, the seventh
thousand, will be a sabbath of rest and release; for, says the prophet con-
cerning the land, "as long as she lay desolate she kept sabbath. 2 Chron.
36: 21. "There remaineth therefore a rest [margin, keeping of a sabbath]
to the people of God." Heb. 4: 9. This precedes the new earth state.

LENGTH OF THE DAY OF THE LORD

1. WHAT is the character of the "day of the Lord"?
"The great day of the Lord is near, it is near, and hasteth
greatly, even the voice of the day of the Lord: the mighty man
shall cry there bitterly. That day is a day of wrath, a day of
trouble and distress." Zeph. 1: 14, 15.
2. Under which of the seven seals does this day begin?
"And I beheld when He had opened the sixth seal, and, lo,
there was a great earthquake, . . . for the great day of His
wrath is come; and who shall be able to stand?" Rev. 6: 12-17.
3. What signs were to appear under this seal?
"The sun became black as sackcloth of hair, and the moon
became as blood; and the stars of heaven fell unto the earth,
even as a fig-tree casteth her untimely figs, when she is shaken
of a mighty wind." Verses 12, 13.
NOTE.— For dates and fulfilment of these signs, see readings on pages
225, 231. The Lisbon earthquake of 1755 (page 204) should not be con-
founded with that to take place under the seventh plague. Rev. 16: 18.
4. Under which seal will the Lord come?
"And when He had opened the seventh seal, there was silence
in heaven about the space of half an hour." Rev. 8: 1.
NOTE.— This silence in heaven is the result of Christ and the angels
leaving heaven to come to this earth. See page 206.
5. With what is the day of wrath to open?
"And I saw another sign in heaven, great and marvelous,
seven angels having the seven last plagues; for in them is filled
up the wrath of God." Rev. 15: 1.
NOTE.— These plagues immediately precede Christ's coming. See
Rev. 16: 12-15, and reading on page 217.
6. What great event will take place at Christ's coming?
"For the Lord Himself shall descend from heaven: . .
and the dead in Christ shall rise first." 1 Thess. 4: 16.
7. How long after this will the wicked dead be raised?
 LENGTH OF THE DAY OF THE LORD 265
"But the rest of the dead lived not again until the thousand
years were finished." Rev. 20: 5.
8. As they gather around the holy city, what will take place?
"And fire came down from God out of heaven, and devoured
them." Verse 9.
9. What is this destruction called?
"But the fearful, and unbelieving, and the abominable,
and murderers, and whoremongers, and sorcerers, and idolaters,
and all liars, shall have their part in the lake which burneth
with fire and brimstone: which is the second death." Rev. 21: 8.
10. Unto what are the present heavens and earth reserved?
"But the heavens and the earth, which are now, by the same
word are kept in store, reserved unto fire against the day of judg-
ment and perdition of ungodly men." 2 Peter 3: 7.
Norm.— When the fire from heaven destroys the wicked, the earth
itself will also be burned and purified.
11. Does the day of the Lord include this burning day?
"But the day of the Lord will come as a thief in the night;
in the which the heavens shall pass away with a great noise, and
the elements shall melt with fervent heat, the earth also and the
works that are therein shall be burned up." Verse 10.
NOTE.- The day of the Lord, therefore, begins with the seven last
plagues and the coming of Christ, and continues for one thousand years,
or till the wicked are destroyed, and the earth is renewed and given to
the saints.

ELIJAH THE PROPHET

1. WHAT promise, through the prophet Malachi, does the
Lord make concerning Elijah?
"Behold, I will send you Elijah the prophet before the
coming of the great and dreadful day of the Lord." Mal. 4: 5.
2. What will this prophet do when he comes?
"And he shall turn the heart of the fathers to the children,
and the heart of the children to their fathers, lest I come and smite
the earth with a curse." Verse 6.
3. Whom did Christ indicate as fulfilling this prophecy?
"And His disciples asked Him, saying, Why then say the
scribes that Elias must first come? And Jesus answered and
said unto them, Elias truly shall first come, and restore all
266 BIBLE READINGS
things. But I say unto you, That Elias is come already, and
they knew him not, but have done unto him whatsoever they
listed. Likewise shall also the Son of man suffer of them.
Then the disciples understood that He spake unto them of John
the Baptist." Matt. 17: 10-13.
4. When John the Baptist was asked if he were Elijah, what
did he say?
"And he said, I am not." John 1: 21.
5. Who did he say he was?
"He said, I am the voice of one crying in the wilderness,
Make straight the way of the Lord, as said the prophet Esaias."
Verse 23.
6. In what sense does the angel Gabriel explain John the
Baptist to be the Elijah of Mal. 4: 5?
"Many of the children of Israel shall he turn to the Lord
their God. And he shall go before Him [Christ] in the spirit
and power of Elias, to turn the hearts of the fathers to the
children, and the disobedient to the wisdom of the just; to make
ready a people prepared for the Lord." Luke 1: 16, 17.
Norn.— John went forth "in the spirit and power of Elias," and, in
preparing a people for Christ's first advent, did a work similar to that done
by Elijah the prophet in Israel centuries before. See 1 Kings 17 and 18.
In this sense, and in this sense only, he was the Elijah of Mal. 4: 5.
7. Near the close of the three and one-half years' drought
in Israel, brought about as a judgment through the interces-
sions of Elijah (James 5: 17) in consequence of Israel's apostasy,
what accusation did King Ahab bring against Elijah?
"And it came to pass, when Ahab saw Elijah, that Ahab
said unto him, Art thou he that troubleth Israel?" 1 Kings 18: 17.
8. What answer did Elijah make?
"And he answered, I have not troubled Israel; but thou, and
thy father's house, in that ye have forsaken the commandments of
the Lord, and thou hast followed Baalim." Verse 18.
NOTE.- Israel had departed from God, forsaken His commandments,
and gone off into idolatry. Jezebel, Ahab's wicked and idolatrous wife,
had "cut off the prophets of the Lord" (verse 4), was supporting hundreds
of the prophets of Baal, and was seeking Elijah to slay him. Elijah called
for a famine on the land, and said to Ahab, "As the Lord God of Israel
liveth, before whom I stand, there shall not be dew nor rain these years,
but according to my word." 1 Kings 17: 1. Elijah's message was a call
to repentance and obedience to God's commandments.
9. What plain proposition did he submit to all Israel?
 ELIJAH THE PROPHET 267
"And Elijah came unto all the people, and said, How long
halt ye between two opinions? if the Lord be God, follow Him: but
if Baal, then follow him." 1 Kings 18:21.
NOTE.— The result of the test by fire which followed on Mt. Carmel,
can be read in the remainder of this wonderful chapter. There was a
great turning to God, the people saying, "The Lord, He is the God; the
Lord, He is the God." Verse 39.
10. What was the burden of the message of John the Baptist?
"Repent ye: for the kingdom of heaven is at hand." "Bring
forth therefore fruits meet for repentance." Matt. 3: 2, 8.
11: What was the result of this message?
"Then went out to him Jerusalem, and all Judea, and all
the region round about Jordan, and were baptized of him in
Jordan, confessing their sins." Verses 5, 6.
NOTE.— There was a genuine work of repentance and reform. John
was not satisfied with a mere profession of religion. He told the Pharisees
and Sadducees who came to his baptism, to "bring forth fruits" answer-
able to an "amendment of life." He wished to see religion in the life, the
heart, the home. Thus he prepared a people for Christ's first advent.
12. But when, according to the prophecy, was Elijah to
be sent?
"Before the coming of the great and dreadful day of the
Lord." Mal. 4: 5.
13. How is this great and dreadful day described in this
same prophecy?
"For, behold, the day cometh, that shall burn as an oven;
and all the proud, yea, and all that do wickedly, shall be stubble:
and the day that cometh shall burn them up, saith the Lord of
hosts, that it shall leave them neither root nor branch." Verse 1.
Norn.— This day is yet future. It cannot be, therefore, that the
work done by John the Baptist at Christ's first advent is all that was con-
templated in the prophecy concerning the sending of Elijah the prophet.
It must be that there is to be another and greater fulfilment of it, to pre-
cede Christ's second advent, and to prepare, or "make ready," a people
for that great event.
14. What is the burden of the threefold message of Rev.
14: 6-10?
"Fear God, and give glory to Him; for the hour of His judg-
ment is come : and worship Him that made heaven, and earth,
and the sea, and the fountains of waters. . . Babylon is
fallen, is fallen, that great city, because she made all nations
drink of the wine of the wrath of her fornication. . . . If
any man worship the beast and his image, and receive his mark
268 BIBLE READINGS
in his forehead, or in his hand, the same shall drink of the wine
of the wrath of God, which is poured out without mixture into
the cup of His indignation." Rev. 14: 6-10.
Nova.— Like the messages of Elijah and John, this is a call to re-
pentance and reform,— a call to forsake false, idolatrous worship, and to
turn to God, and worship Him, and Him alone. The first part of this
threefold message points out the true God, the Creator, in language very
similar to that found in the fourth, or Sabbath, commandment. This is
the message now due the world, and that is now being proclaimed to the
world. See readings on pages 174-185. Those who are proclaiming these
messages constitute the Elijah for this time, as John and his colaborers
did at the time of Christ's first advent.
15. How are the people described who are developed by the
threefold message here referred to?
"Here is the patience of the saints: here are they that keep
the commandments of God, and the faith of Jesus." Verse 12.
Nom.— These will be the ones who will be ready to meet Jesus when
He comes. They have heeded the Elijah-call to repentance and reform.
They have become concerned, not only for their own individual salvation,
but for the salvation of their friends and relatives. By this message the
hearts of the fathers are turned to the children, and the hearts of the
children to their fathers. Each becomes burdened for the conversion and
salvation of the other. There can be little religion in the heart of one who
cares not for the eternal interests of his loved ones. When this message
has done its work, God will smite the earth with a curse; the seven last
plagues will fall, and usher in the great day of the Lord described in the
preceding reading.

LIGHTis beaming, day is coming!

Let us sound aloud the cry;
We behold the day-star rising
Pure and bright in yonder sky!
Saints, be joyful;
Your redemption draweth nigh.
We have found the chart and compass,
And are sure the land is near;
Onward, onward, we are hasting,
Soon the haven will appear;
Let your voices
Sound aloud your holy cheer.
 PART VIII
The Law of God
THE TEN COMMANDMENTS
1. WHEN God brought His people out of Egypt, how did He
republish His law?
"And the Lord spake unto you out of the midst of the fire:
ye heard the voice of the words, but saw no similitude; only ye
heard a voice. And He declared unto you His covenant, which
He commanded you to perform, even ten commandments; and He
wrote them upon two tables of stone." Deut. 4: 12, 13. See also
Neh. 9: 13, 14.
2. Where are the ten commandments recorded?
In Ex. 20:2-17.
3. How comprehensive are these commandments?
"Fear God, and keep His commandments: for this is the
whole duty of man." Eccl. 12: 13.
4. What inspired tribute is paid to the law of God?
"The law of the Lord is perfed, converting the soul: the testi-
mony of the Lord is sure, making wise the simple. The statutes
of the Lord are right, rejoicing the heart: the commandment of
the Lord is pure, enlightening the eyes." Ps. 19: 7, 8.
5. What blessing does the psalmist say attends the keep-
ing of God's commandments?
"Moreover by them is Thy servant warned: and in keeping
of them there is great reward." Verse 11.
6. What did Christ state as a condition of entering into life?
"If thou wilt enter into life, keep the commandments." Matt.
19: 17.
7. Can man of himself, unaided by Christ, keep the law?
"I am the vine, ye are the branches: he that abideth in Me,
and I in him, the same bringeth forth much fruit: for without
Me ye can do nothing." John 15: 5. See also Rom. 7: 14-19.
8. What provision has been made so that we may keep God's
law?
[269]
 The Law of God
I
Thou shalt have no other gods before Me.
II
Thou shalt not make unto thee any graven image, or any like-
ness of anything that is in heaven above, or that is in the earth
beneath, or that is in the water under the earth: thou shalt not
bow down thyself to them, nor serve them: for I the Lord thy
God am a jealous God, visiting the iniquity of the fathers upon
the children unto the third and fourth generation of them that
hate Me; and showing mercy unto thousands of them that love
Me, and keep My commandments.
III
Thou shalt not take the name of the Lord thy God in vain;
for the Lord will not hold him guiltless that taketh His name
in vain.
IV
Remember the Sabbath day, to keep it holy. Six days shalt
thou labor, and do all thy work: but the seventh day is the Sab-
bath of the Lord thy God: in it thou shalt not do any work, thou,
nor thy son, nor thy daughter, thy man servant, nor thy maid
servant, nor thy cattle, nor thy stranger that is within thy gates:
for in six days the Lord made heaven and earth, the sea, and all
that in them is, and rested the seventh day: wherefore the Lord
blessed the'Sabbath day, and hallowed it.
V
Honor thy father and thy mother: that thy days may be long
upon the land which the Lord thy God giveth thee.
VI
Thou shalt not kill.
VII
Thou shalt not commit adultery.
VIII
Thou shalt not steal.
IX
Thou shalt not bear false witness against thy neighbor.
X
Thou shalt not covet thy neighbor's house, thou shalt not
covet thy neighbor's wife, nor his man servant, nor his maid
servant, nor his ox, nor his ass, nor anything that is thy
neighbor's.

12701
 THE TEN COMMANDMENTS 271
" For what the law could not do, in that it was weak through
the flesh, God sending His own Son in the likeness of sinful
flesh, and for sin, condemned sin in the flesh: that the righteous-
ness of the law might be fulfilled in us, who walk not after the
flesh, but after the Spirit." Rom. 8; 3, 4.
9. What is the nature of God's law?
"For we know that the law is spiritual: but I am carnal,
sold under sin." Rom. 7: 14.
NoTE.— In His comments on the sixth and seventh commandments,
recorded in Matt. 5:21-28, Christ demonstrated the spiritual nature of the
law, showing that it relates not merely to outward actions, but that it
reaches to the thoughts and intents of the heart. See also Heb. 4: 12. The
tenth commandment forbids lust, or all unlawful desire. Rom. 7:7.
Obedience to this law, therefore, requires not merely an outward com-
pliance, but genuine heart service. This can be rendered only by a re-
generated soul.
10. How is the law further described?
"Wherefore the law is holy, and the commandment holy,
and just, and good." Verse 12.
11. What is revealed in God's law?
"And knowest His [God's] will, and approvest the things
that are more excellent, being instructed out of the law." Rom.
2: 18.
12. When Christ came to this earth, what was His attitude
toward God's will, or law?
"Then said I, Lo, I come: in the volume of the book it is
written of Me, I delight to do Thy will, 0 My God: yea, Thy law
is within My heart." Ps. 40: 7, 8. See Heb. 10: 5, 7.
13. Who did He say would enter the kingdom of heaven?
"Not every one that saith unto Me, Lord, Lord, shall enter
into the kingdom of heaven; but he that doeth the will of My
Father which is in heaven." Matt. 7: 21.
14. What did He say of those who should break one of God's
commandments, or should teach men to do so?
"Whosoever therefore shall break one of these least com-
mandments, and Shall teach men so, he shall be called the least
in the kingdom of heaven." Matt. 5: 19, first part.
15. Who did He say would be called great in the kingdom?
"But whosoever shall do and teach them, the same shall be
called great in the kingdom." Same verse, last part.
272 BIBLE READINGS

16. How did Christ estimate the rthteousness of the scribes

and Pharisees?
"For I say unto you, That except your righteousness shall
exceed the righteousness of the scribes and Pharisees, ye shall
in no case enter into the kingdom of heaven." Verse 20.
17. For what did Christ reprove the Pharisees?
"But He answered and said unto them, Why do ye also
transgress the commandment of God by your tradition?" Matt.
15:3.
18. How had they done this?
"For God commanded, saying, Honor thy father and mother.
. . . But ye say, Whosoever shall say to his father or his
mother, It is a gift, . . . and honor not his father or his
mother, he shall be free. Thus have ye made the commandment
of God of none effect by your tradition." Verses 4-6.
19. In consequence of this, what value did Christ place upon
their worship?
"But in vain they do worship Me, teaching for doctrines the
commandments of men." Verse 9.
20. What is sin declared to be?
"Whosoever committeth sin transgresseth also the law: for
sin is the transgression of the law." 1 John 3: 4.
21. By what is the knowledge of sin?
"For by the law is the knowledge of sin." Rom. 3: 20. See
Rom. 7: 7.
22. How many of the commandments is it necessary to
break in order to become a transgressor of the law?
"For whosoever shall keep the whole law, and yet offend in one
point, he is guilty of all. For He that said, Do not commit
adultery, said also, Do not kill. Now if thou commit no adul-
tery, and yet if thou kill, thou art become a transgressor of the
law." James 2: 10, 11.
Nom.— This shows that the ten commandments are a complete
whole, and together constitute but one law. Like a chain of ten links,
all are inseparably connected together. If one link is broken, the chain
is broken.
23. How may we be freed from the guilt of our sins, or our
transgressions of God's law?
"If we confess our sins, He is faithful and just to forgive us
 THE TEN COMMANDMENTS 273
our sins, and to cleanse us from all,,,unrighteousness." 1 John
1: 9.
24. Why are we admonished to fear God and keep His
commandments?
"Fear God, and keep His commandments: for this is the
whole duty of man. For God shall bring every work into judgment,
with every secret thing, whether it be good, or whether it be
evil." Ecci. 12: 13, 14.
25. What will be the standard in the judgment?
"So speak ye, and so do, as they that shall be judged by the
law of liberty." James 2: 12.
26. What is said of those who love God's law?
"Great peace have they which love Thy law: and nothing shall
offend them." Ps. 119: 165.
27. What would obedience to God's commandments have
insured to ancient Israel?
"0 that thou hadst harkened to My commandments! then
had thy peace been as a river, and thy righteousness as the waves of
the sea." Isa. 48: 18.
28. What is another blessing attending the keeping of God's
commandments?
"The fear of the Lord is the beginning of wisdom: a good
understanding have all they that do His commandments." Ps.
111: 10.
29. In what does the man delight whom the psalmist de-
scribes as blessed?
"Blessed is the man that walketh not in the counsel of the
ungodly, nor standeth in the way of sinners, nor sitteth in the
seat of the scornful. But his delight is in the law of the Lord;
and in His law doth he meditate day and night." Ps. 1: 1, 2.
See Rom. 7: 22.
30. Why is the carnal mind enmity against God?
"Because the carnal mind is enmity against God: for it is
not subject to the law of God, neither indeed can be." Rom. 8: 7.
31. How do those with renewed hearts and minds regard
the commandments of God?
"For this is the love of God, that we keep His command-
ments: and His commandments are not grievous." 1 John 5: 3.
18
274 BIBLE READINGS

32. What is the essential principle of the law of God?

"Love worketh no ill to his neighbor: therefore love is the
fulfilling of the law." Rom. 13: 10.
33. In what two great commandments is the law of God
briefly summarized?
"Thou shalt love the Lord thy God with all thy heart, and
with all thy soul, and with all thy mind. This is the first and
great commandment. And the second is like unto it, Thou
shalt love thy neighbor as thyself. On these two command-
ments hang all the law and the prophets." Matt. 22: 3740.
NOTE.— "Does any man say to me, 'You see, then, instead of the
ten commandments, we have received the two commandments, and these
are much easier'? I answer that this reading of the law is not in the least
easier. Such a remark implies a want of thought and experience. Those
two precepts comprehend the ten at their fullest extent, and cannot be
regarded as the erasure of a jot or tittle of them. Whatever difficulties
surround the commands are equally found in the two, which are their sum
and substance. If you love God with all your heart, you must keep the
first table; and if you love your neighbor as yourself, you must keep the
second table."—"The Perpetuity of the Law of God," by C. H. Spurgeon,
page 5.
34. What is said of one who professes to know the Lord, but
does not keep His commandments?
"He that saith, I know Him, and keepeth not His command-
ments, is a liar, and the truth is not in him." 1 John 2: 4.
35. What promise is made to the willing and obedient?
"If ye be willing and obedient, ye shall eat the good of the
land." Isa. 1: 19.
36. How does God regard those who walk in His law?
"Blessed are the undefiled in the way, who walk in the law
of the Lord." Ps. 119: 1.

PERPETUITY OF THE LAW

1. How many lawgivers are there?
"There is one lawgiver, who is able to save and to destroy."
James 4: 12.
2. What is said of the stability of God's character?
"For I am the Lord, I change not." Mal. 3: 6.
3. How enduring are His commandments?
"The works of His hands are verity and judgment; all His
 PERPETUITY OF THE LAW 275
commandments are sure. They stand fast forever and ever, and
are clone in truth and uprightness." Ps. 111: 7, 8.
4. Did Christ come to abolish or to destroy the law?
"Think not that I am come to destroy the law, or the
prophets: I am not come to destroy, but to fulfil." Matt. 5: 17.
Name.— The law; broadly, the writings of Moses; specifically, the
ten commandments: or moral law, from which the writings of Moses pri-
marily derived their name. The prophets; that is, the writings of the
prophets. Neither of these Christ came to destroy, but rather to fulfil,
or meet their design.
"The laws of the Jews are commonly divided into moral, ceremonial,
and judicial. The moral laws are such as grow out of the nature of things,
which cannot, therefore, be changed,— such as the duty of loving God and
His creatures. These cannot be abolished, as it can never be made right
to hate God, or to hate our fellow men. Of this kind are the ten command-
ments; and these our Saviour neither abolished nor superseded. The cere-
monial laws are such as are appointed to meet certain states of society,
or to regulate the religious rites and ceremonies of a people. These can
be changed when circumstances are changed, and yet the moral law be
untouched."— Dr. Albert Barnes, on Matt. 5: 18.
"Jesus did not come to change the law, but He came to explain it,
and that very fact shows that it remains; . for there is no need to explain
that which is abrogated. . . . By thus explaining the law He con-
firmed it; He could not have meant to abolish it, or He would not have
needed to expound it. . . . That the Master did not come to alter
the law is clear, because after having embodied it in His life, He willingly
gave Himself up to bear its penalty, though He had never broken it, bearing
the penalty for us, even as it is written, 'Christ hath redeemed us from
the curse of the law, being made a curse for us.' . . . If the law had
demanded more of us than it ought to have done,. would the Lord Jesus
have rendered to it the penalty which resulted from its too severe demands?
I am sure He would not. But because the law asked only what it ought
to ask, namely, perfect obedience, and exacted of the transgressor only
what it ought to exact, namely, death as the penalty for sin,— death under
divine wrath,— therefore the Saviour went to the tree, and there bore our
sins, and purged them once for all."—" The Perpetuity of the Law of God,"
by C. H. Spurgeon, pages 4-7.
"The moral law contained in the ten commandments, and enforced
by the prophets, He did not take away. It was not the design of His coming
to revoke any part of this. . . . Every part of this law must remain
in force upon all mankind and in all ages, as not depending either on time
or place, or any other circumstance liable to change, but on the nature of
God, and the nature of man, and their unchangeable relation to each
other."— John Wesley, in his "Sermons," Vol. I, No. 25, pages £F5)1, 222.

5. When used with reference to prophecy, what does the

word fulfil mean?
To fill up; to accomplish; to bring to pass; as, "that it might
be fulfilled which was spoken by Esaias the prophet." Matt.
4: 14.
6. What does it mean when used with reference to law?
276 BIBLE READINGS
To perform, to keep, or to act in accordance with; as, "Bear
ye one another's burdens, and so fulfil the law of Christ." .Gal.
6: 2. See also Matt. 3: 15; James 2: 8, 9.
7. How did Christ treat His Father's commandments?
"I have kept My Father's commandments, and abide in
His love." John 15: 10.
8. If one professes to abide in Christ, how ought he to walk?
"He that saith he abideth in Him ought himself also so to
walk, even as He walked." 1 John 2: 6.
9. What is sin?
"Whosoever committeth sin transgresseth also the law: for
sin is the transgression of the law." 1 John 3: 4.
NOTE.-- This text does not say that sin was the transgression of the
law, but that it is this, thus demonstrating that the law is still in force in
the gospel dispensation. "Whosoever" likewise shows the universality
of its binding claims. Whoever of 'any nation, race, or people commits
sin, transgresses the law.
10. In what condition are all men?
"For all have sinned, and come short of the glory of God."
Rom. 3:23.
11. How many are included in the "all" who have sinned?
"What then? are we better than they? No, in no wise:
for we have before proved both Jews and Gentiles, that they are
all under sin." Verse 9.
12. By what are all men proved guilty?
"Now we know that what things soever the law saith, it saith
to them who are under the law: that every mouth may be stopped,
and all the world may become guilty before God." Verse 19.
NOTE.— It is what the law says, and not what one may interpret it
to mean, that proves the sinner guilty. Moreover, God is no respecter
of persons, but treats Jew and Gentile alike. Measured by the law, all
the world are guilty before God.
13. Does faith in God make void the law?
"Do we then make void the law through faith? God forbid:
yea, we establish the law." Verse 31.
14. What, more than all else, proves the perpetuity and im-
mutability of the law of God?
"For God so loved the world, that He gave His only begotten
Son, that whosoever believeth in Him should not perish, but
 PERPETUITY OF THE LAW 277
have everlasting life." John 3: 16. "Christ died for our sins."
1 Cor. 15 : 3.
NovE.— Could the law have been abolished, and sin been disposed of
in this way, Christ need not have come and died for our sins. The gift of
Christ, therefore, more than all else, proves the immutability of the law
of God. Christ must come and die, and satisfy the claims of the law, or
the world must perish. The law could not give way. Says Spurgeon
in his sermon on " The Perpetuity of the Law of God,' "Our Lord Jesus
Christ gave a greater vindication of the law by dying because it had been
broken than all the lost can ever give by their miseries." The fact that
the law is tc be the standard in thejudgment is another proof of its endur-
ing nature. See Eccl. 12: 13, 14; James 2: 8-12.
15. What relation does a justified person sustain to the law?
"For not the hearers of the law are just before God, but
the doers of the law shall be justified." Rom. 2: 13.
16. Who has the promise of being blessed in his doing?
"But he that looketh into the perfect law, the law of liberty,
and so continueth, being not a hearer that forgetteth, but a
doer that worketh, this man shall be blessed in his doing." James
1: 25, R. V.
17. By what may we know that we have passed from death
unto life?
"We know that we have passed from death unto life, because
we love the brethren." 1 John 3: 14.
18. And how may we know that we love the brethren?
"By this we know that we love the children of God, when
we love God, and keep His commandments." 1 John 5: 2.
19. What is the love of God?
"For this is the love of God, that we keep His command-
ments." Verse 3.
20. How are those described who will be prepared for the
coming of Christ?
"Here is the patience of the saints: here are they that keep
the commandments of God, and the faith of Jesus." Rev.
14: 12.
0 THAT the Lord would guide my ways
To keep His statutes still!
0 that my God would grant me grace
To know and do His will!
ISAAC WATTS.
 WHY THE LAW WAS GIVEN AT SINAI
1. How does Nehemiah describe the giving of the law at
Sinai?
"Thou earnest down also upon mount Sinai, and spakest
with theid from heaven, and gayest them right judgments, and
true laws, good statutes and commandments: and madest known
unto them Thy holy Sabbath, and commandedst them precepts,
statutes, and laws, by the hand of Moses Thy servant." Neh.
9: 13, 14.
2. What is declared to be the chief advantage possessed
by the Jews?
"What advantage then hath the Jew? or what profit is there
of circumcision? Much every way: chiefly, because that unto
them were committed the oracles of God." Rom. 3: 1, 2.
NOTE.- The law was not spoken at this time exclusively for the
benefit of the Hebrews. God honored them by making them the guardians
and keepers of His law, but He intended that it should be held by them as
a sacred trust for the whole world. The precepts of the decalogue are
adapted to all mankind, and they were given for the instruction and govern-
ment of all. "Ten precepts, brief, comprehensive, and authoritative, cover
the duty of man to God and to his fellow men;" and all are based upon the
great fundamental principle of love. "Thou shalt love the Lord thy God
with all thy heart, and with all thy soul, and with all thy strength, and with
all thy mind; and thy neighbor as thyself." Luke 10: 27. In the ten
commandments these principles are carried out in detail, and are made
applicable to the condition and circumstances of man.

3. Before the giving of the law at Sinai, what did Moses say
when Jethro asked him concerning his judging the people?
"When they have a matter, they come unto me; and I judge
between one and another, and I do make them know the statutes
of God, and His laws." Ex. 18: 16.
4. What explanation did Moses give the rulers of Israel
concerning the withholding of the manna on the seventh day
in the wilderness of Sin, before they reached Sinai?
"And he said unto them, This is that which the Lord hath
said, Tomorrow is the rest of the holy Sabbath unto the Lord.
. . . Six days ye shall gather it; but on the seventh day,
which is the Sabbath, in it there shall be none." Ex. 16: 23-26.
5. When some went out to gather manna on the seventh day,
what did the Lord say to Moses?
"And the Lord said unto Moses, How long refuse ye to keep
My commandments and My laws?" Verse 28.
[278]
 WHY THE LAW WAS GIVEN AT SINAI 279

NOTE.— It is evident therefore that the Sabbath and the law of God
existed before the law was given at Sinai.
6. What question does Paul ask concerning the law?
"Wherefore then serveth the law?" Gal. 3: 19.
NOTE.— That is, of what use or service was the law announced at
Sinai? What special had God in view in giving it then?
7. What answer is given to this question?
"It was added, because of transgressions, till the seed should
come to whom the promise was made; and it was ordained by
angels in the hand of a mediator." Same verse.
Novas.— The Greek word here translated "added" is the same one
that is translated "spoken" in Heb. 12: 19.
"The meaning is that the law was given to show the true nature of trans-
gressions, or to show what sin is. It was not to reveal a way of justification,
but it was to disclose the true nature of sin; to deter men from committing
it; to declare its penalty; to convince men of it, and thus to be ancillary to,
and preparatory to, the work of redemption through the Redeemer. This
is the true account of the law of God as given to apostate man, and this
use of the law still exists."— Dr. Albert Barnes, on Gal. 3: 19.
8. How is this same truth again expressed?
" Wherefore the law is holy, and the commandment holy,
and just, and good. Was then that which is good made death
unto me? God forbid. But sin, that it might appear sin, work-
ing death in me by that which is good; that sin by the commandment
might become exceeding sinful." Rom. 7: 12, 13.
9. For what purpose did the law enter?
"Moreover the law entered, that the offense might abound."
Rom. 5:20. •
NOTE.— By the giving of the law at Sinai, then, God designed, not
to increase or multiply sin, but that men might, through a new revelation
of Him and of His character and will, as expressed in a plainly spoken and
plainly written law, the better see the awful sinfulness of sin, and thus their
utter helplessness and undone condition. While in Egypt, surrounded as
they were with idolatry and sin, and as the result of their long bondage
and hard servitude, Israel even the special people of God, had largely for-
Fotten God and lost sight of His requirements. Until one realizes that he
is a sinner, he cannot see his need of a Saviour from sin. Hence the en-
tering, or republication, of the law to the world through Israel at Sinai.
10. By what is the knowledge of sin?
"By the law is the knowledge of sin." Rom. 3: 20. See
also Rom. 7: 7.
11. Under what condition is the written law good?
"But we know that the law is good, if a man use it lawfully."
1 Tim. 1: 8.
280 BIBLE READINGS
12. And what is indicated as the lawful use of the law?
"Knowing this, that the law is not made for a righteous man,
but for the lawless and disobedient, for the ungodly and for sinners,
for unholy and profane, for murderers of fathers and murderers
of mothers, for manslayers, for whoremongers, for them that de-
file themseLes !with mankind, f or menstealers, for liars, for per-.
jured persons, and if there be any other thing that is contrary
to sound doctrine." Verses 9, 10.
Nam.— In other words, the lawful use of the written law is to show
what sin is, and to convince sinners that they are sinners, and that they
need a Saviour. God's design, then, in giving the law at Sinai was to
shut men up under sin, and thus lead to Christ.

13. Who does Christ say needs a physician?

"They that be whole need not a physician, but they that
are sick." Matt. 9: 12.
NOTE.— Speaking of how to deal with those "who are not stricken
of their sins," and "have no deep conviction of guilt," D. L. Moody, in
his "Sermons. Addresses, and Prayers," says: "Just bring the law of God
to bear on these, and show them themselves in their true light. . . .
Don't try to heal the wound before the hurt is felt. Don't attempt to give
the consolation of the gospel until your converts see that they have sinned
— see it and feel it."
14. Whom does Christ say He came to call to repentance?
"For I am not come to call the righteous, but sinners to
repentance." Verse 13.
15. What is the strength of sin?
"The sting of death is sin; and the strength of sin is the
law." 1 Cor. 15: 56.
16. What are the wages of sin?
"For the wages of sin is death; but the gift of God is eternal
life through Christ Jesus our Lord." Rom. 6: 23.
17. Could a law which condemns men give them life?
"Is the law then against the promises of God? God forbid:
for if there had been a law given which could have given life, verily
righteousness should have been by the law." Gal. 3: 21.
18. What, therefore, was the purpose, or special design, of
the giving of the law at Sinai?
"Wherefore the law was our schoolmaster to bring us unto
Christ, that we might be justified by faith." Verse 24.
NOTES.— "What is the law of God for? for us to keep in order to
be saved by it?— Not at all. It is sent in order to show us that we cannot
be saved by works, and to shut us up to be saved by grace. But if you
 WHY THE LAW WAS GIVEN AT SINAI 281
make out that the law is altered so that a man can keep it, you have left
him his old legal hope, and he is sure to cling to it. You, need a perfect
law that shuts man right up to hopelessness apart from Jesus, puts him
into an iron cage, and locks him up, and offers him no escape but by faith
in Jesus; then he begins to cry, 'Lord, save me by grace, for I perceive that
I cannot be saved by my own works.' This is how Paul describes it to the
Galatians: The Scripture hath concluded all under sin, that the promise
by faith of Jesus Christ might be given to them that believe. But before
faith came, we were kept under the law, shut up unto the faith which
should afterwards be revealed. Wherefore the law was our schoolmaster
to bring us unto Christ, that we might be justified by faith.' I say you
have deprived the gospel of its ablest auxiliary when you set aside the law.
You have taken away from it the schoolmaster that is to bring men to
Christ. They will never accept grace till they tremble before a just and
holy law. Therefore the law serves a most necessary and blessed purpose,
and it must not be removed from its place."—" The Perpetuity of the Law
of God," by C. H. Spurgeon, pages 10, 11.
"And let it be observed that the law did not answer this end merely
among the Jews, in the days of the apostles: it is just as necessary to the
Gentiles, to the present hour. Nor do we find that true repentance takes
place where the moral law is not preached and enforced. Those who
preach only the gospel to sinners, at best only heal the hurt of the daughter
of my people slightly."— Dr. Adam Clarke, on Rom. 7: 13 (edition 1860).
Commenting on Gal. 3:23, Mr. Spurgeon, in his "Sermon Notes,"
CCXII, says: "Here we have a condensed history of the world before the
gospel was fully revealed by the coming of our Lord Jesus. . . . The
history of each saved soul is a miniature likeness of the story of the ages."
That is, in his experience, each individual that is saved is first in darkness;
he then comes to Sinai and learns that he is a sinner; this leads him to
Calvary for the pardon of his sins, and so to full and final salvation.

PENALTY FOR TRANSGRESSION

1. WHAT is the wages of sin?
"For the wages of sin is death." Rom. 6: 23.
2. What did God tell Adam and Eve would be the result
if they transgressed, and partook of the forbidden fruit?
"But of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil, thou
shalt not eat of it: for in the day that thou eatest thereof thou
shalt surely die." Gen. 2: 17.
3. Who does God say shall die?
"The soul that sinneth, it shall die." Eze. 18: 4.
4. How did death enter the world?
"Wherefore, as by one man sin entered into the world, and
death by sin; and so death passed upon all men, for that all have
sinned." Rom. 5: 12.
5. Why did God destroy the antediluvian world?
282 BIBLE READINGS

"And God saw that the wickedness of man was great in the
earth. . . • . And the Lord said, I will destroy man whom I
have created from the face of the earth." Gen. 6: 5-7.
6. While God is merciful, does this clear the guilty?
"The Lord is long-suffering, and of great mercy, forgiving
iniquity and transgression and by no means clearing the guilty/
Num. 14: 18. See also Ex. 34: 5-7.
7. What is the result of wilful sin?
"For if we sin wilfully after that we have received the
knowledge of the truth, there remaineth no more sacrifice for sins,
but a certain fearful looking for of judgment and fiery indig-
nation, which shall devour the adversaries." Heb. 10:26, 27.
8. Under the theocracy, how were the rebellious or wilful
transgressors treated?
"He that despised Moses' law died without mercy under two
or three witnesses." Verse 28.
9. What awaits those who despise the means of grace?
"Of how much sorer punishment, suppose ye, shall he be
thought worthy, who hath trodden underfoot the Son of God, and
hath counted the blood of the covenant, wherewith he was
sanctified, an unholy thing, and hath done despite unto the
Spirit of grace?" Verse 29.
10. Is it the duty of gospel ministers to execute vengeance?
"Now then we are ambassadors for Christ, as though God did
beseech you by us." 2 Cor. 5: 20. See 2 Tim 2:24-26.
11. To whom does vengeance belong?
"Vengeance is Mine; I will repay, saith the Lord." Rom.
12: 19.
12. To whom has execution of judgment been committed?
"For as the Father hath life in Himself; so hath He given
to the Son to have life in Himself; and /lath given Him author-
ity to execute judgment also." John 5. 26, 27. See Jude 14, 15.
13. Because evil is not punished immediately, what pre-
sumptuous course do many pursue?
"Because sentence against an evil work is not executed
speedily, therefore the heart of the sons of men is fully set in them
to do evil." Eccl. 8: 11.
 PENALTY FOR TRANSGRESSION 283
14. What message has God commissioned His ministers to
bear to men?
"Say ye to the righteous, that it shall be well with him: for
they shall eat of the fruit of their doings. Woe unto the wicked!
it shall be ill with him: for the reward of his hands shall be given
him." Isa. 3: 10, 11.

THE LAW OF GOD IN THE PATRIARCHAL AGE

1. CAN there be sin where there is no law?
"Because the law worketh wrath: for where no law is, there
is no transgression." "Sin is not imputed when there is no law."
Rom. 4 :15; 5: 13.
2. Through what is the knowledge of sin obtained?
"For by the law is the knowledge of sin." "I had not
known sin, but by the law." Rom. 3:20; 7: 7.
3. What statement shows that sin was in the world before
the law was given on Mt. Sinai?
"For until the law sin was in the world: but sin is not imputed
when there is no law." Rom. 5: 13.
NOTE.- The fact that sin was imputed before the law was given at
Sinai is conclusive proof that the law existed before that event.
4. When did sin and death enter the world?
"Wherefore, as by one man [Adam] sin entered into the world,
and death by sin; and so death passed upon all men, for that all
have sinned." Verse 12.
5. With what words did God admonish Cain?
"If thou doest well, shalt thou not be accepted? and if thou
doest not well, sin lieth at the door." Gen. 4: 7.
6. What shows that God imputed sin to Cain?
"And He said, What hast thou done? the voice of thy
brother's blood crieth unto Me from the ground. And now art
thou cursed from the earth, which hath opened her mouth to re-
ceive thy brother's blood from thy hand." Verses 10,11.
7. What was the difference between Cain's and Abel's char-
acters?
"Not as Cain, who was of that wicked one, and slew his
brother. And wherefore slew he him? Because his own works
were evil, and his brother's righteous." 1 John 3: 12.
284 BIBLE READINGS
Now.— There must, therefore, have been a standard at that time
by which the characters of men were weighed. That standard must have
defined the difference between right and wrong, and pointed out man's
duty. But this is the province of the law of God. Hence the law of God
must have existed at that time.
8. In what condition was the world before the flood?
"The earth also was corrupt before God, and the earth was
filled with violence." Gen. 6: 11.
9. What did God purpose to do with the people of that day?
"And God said unto Noah, The end of all flesh is come
before Me; for the earth is filled with violence through them;
and, behold, I will destroy them with the earth." Verse 13.
10. What is Noah called?
"And spared not the old world, but saved Noah the eighth
person, a preacher of righteousness." 2 Peter 2: 5.
NOTE.- Noah must have warned the antediluvians against sin, and
preached repentance and that obedience of faith which brings the life into
harmony with the law of God.
11. Why did the Lord destroy Sodom?
"The men of Sodom were wicked and sinners before the Lord
exceedingly." Gen. 13: 13.
12. What was the character of their deeds?
And delivered just Lot, vexed with the filthy conversa-
tion of the wicked: (for that righteous man dwelling among
them, in seeing and hearing, vexed his righteous soul from day
to day with their unlawful deeds)." 2 Peter 2: 7, 8.
NoTE.— Their deeds would not have been unlawful had there been
no law then in existence. Unlawful means "contrary to law."
13. What did Joseph, in Egypt, say when tempted to sin?
"How then can I do this great wickedness, and sin against
God?" Gen. 39:9.
14. What did God say to Abraham concerning the Amo-
rites?
"In. the fourth generation they [Israel] shall come hither
again: for the iniquity of the Amorites is not yet full." Gen. 15: 16.
15. Of what sin were the Amorites specially guilty?
"And he [Ahab] did very abominably in following idols,
according to all things as did the Amorites, whom the Lord cast
out before the children of Israel." 1 Kings 21: 26.
 THE LAW OF GOD IN THE PATRIARCHAL AGE 285
16. Why did the Lord abhor the Canaanites?
"Ye shall therefore keep all My statutes, and all My judg-
ments, and do them: that the land, whither Awing you to dwell
therein, spew you not out. And ye shall not walk in the man-
ners of the nation, which I cast out before you: for they com-
mitted all these things, and therefore I abhorred them." Lev.
20:22, 23.
Nom.— The statement that "they committed all these things"
refers to what had been previously forbidden to the Israelites. Among
these things was idolatrous worship (Lev. 20: 1-5), showing that the Gen-
tiles, as well as the Jews, were amenable to' the law of God, and were ab-
horred of God for violating it.
17. Why did God make His promise to the seed of Abraham?
"Because Abraham obeyed My voice, and kept My charge,
My commandments, My statutes, and My laws." Gen. 26:5.
NOTE.- Then God's commandments and laws existed in the time of
Abraham.
18. Before giving the law at Sinai, what did God say be-
cause some of the people went out to gather manna on the
seventh day?
"And the Lord said unto Moses, How long refuse ye to keep
My commandments and My laws?" Ex. 16:28.
19. Had the Lord spoken regarding the Sabbath previous
to this time?
"This is that which the Lord hath said, Tomorrow is the rest
of the holy Sabbath." Verse 23.
20. Before coming to Sinai, what had Moses taught Israel?
" When they have a matter, they come unto me; and I judge
between one and another, and I do make them know the statutes
of God, and His laws." Ex. 18: 16.
Nom.— All this shows that the law of God existed from the beginning
and was known and taught in the world before it was proclaimed at Sinai.

THE LAW OF GOD IN THE NEW TESTAMENT

1. By what means did the Jews know God's will?
"Behold, thou art called a Jew, and restest in the law, and
makest thy boast of God, and knowest His will, . . . being
instructed out of the law." Rom. 2: 17, 18.
2. What did they have in the law?
286 BIBLE READINGS
"Which hast the form of knowledge and of the truth in the
law." Verse 20.
NOTE.— The written law presents the form of knowledge and of the
truth. Grace and truth, or grace and the reality or realization of that
which the written law demands, came by Jesus Christ. He was the law in

3. What did Jesus say of His attitude toward the law?

"Think not that I am come to destroy the law, or the proph-
ets: I am not come to destroy, but to fulfil." Matt. 5: 17.
Nom.— By the expression "the law" here is meant the five books
of Moses; and by "the prophets," the writings of the prophets. Christ
did not come to set aside or to destroy either of these, but to fulfil both.
The ceremonialism of types and shadows contained in the books written
by Moses He fulfilled by meeting them as their great Antitype. The moral
law, the great basic fabric underlying all of Moses' writings, Christ ful-
filled by a life of perfect obedience to all its requirements. The prophets
He fulfilled in His advent as the Messiah, Prophet, Teacher, and Saviour
foretold by them.
4. What did He teach concerning the stability of the law?
"For verily I say unto you, Till heaven and earth pass, one
jot or one tittle shall in no wise pass from the law, till all be ful-
filled." Verse 18.
5. In what instruction did He emphasize the importance
of keeping the law?
"Whosoever therefore shall break one of these least com-
mandments, and shall teach men so, he shall be called the least
in the kingdom of heaven: but whosoever shall do and teach
them, the same shall be called great in the kingdom of heaven."
Verse 19.
6. What did Christ tell the rich young man to do in order
to enter into life?
"If thou wilt enter into life, keep the commandments." Matt.
19: 17.
7. When asked which commandments, what did Jesus say?
"Jesus said, Thou shalt do no murder, Thou shalt not com-
mit adultery, Thou shalt not steal, Thou shalt not bear false
witness, Honor thy father and thy mother: and, Thou shalt
love thy neighbor as thyself." Verses 18, 19.
NOTE.— While not quoting all of the ten commandments, Jesus
quoted sufficient of them to show that He referred to the moral law. In
quoting the second great commandment He called attention to the great
principle underlying the second table of the law,— love to one's neighbor,
— which the rich young man, in his covetousness, was not keeping.
 THE LAW OF GOD IN THE NEW TESTAMENT 287
8. Does faith render the law void?
"Do we then make void the law through faith? God for-
bid: yea, we establish the law." Rom. 3:31.
9. How is the law fulfilled?
"Owe no man anything, but to love one another: for he that
loveth another hath fulfilled the law. For this, Thou shalt not
commit adultery, Thou shalt not kill, Thou shalt not steal,
Thou shalt not bear false witness, Thou shalt not covet; and if
there be any other commandment [touching our duty to our
fellow men], it is briefly comprehended in this saying, namely,
Thou shalt love thy neighbor as thyself. Love worketh no ill
to his neighbor: therefore love is the fulfilling of the law." Rom.
13: 8-10.
10. What is of more importance than any outward cere-
mony?
"Circumcision is nothing, and uncircumcision is nothing,
but the keeping of the commandments of God." 1 Cor. 7: 19.
11. What kind of mind is not subject to the law of God?
"Because the carnal mind is enmity against God: for it
is not subject to the law of God, neither indeed can be."
Rom. 8: 7.
12. What proves that the law is an undivided whole?
"For whosoever shall keep the whole law, and yet offend in one
point, he is guilty of all. For He that said [margin, that law
which said], Do not commit adultery, said also, Do not kill.
Now if thou commit no adultery, yet if thou kill, thou art be-
come a transgressor of the law. So speak ye, and so do, as they
that shall be judged by the law of liberty." James 2: 10-12.
13. How is sin defined?
"Whosoever committeth sin transgresseth also the law: for
sin is the transgression of the law." 1 John 3: 4.
14. How may we know that we love the children of God?
"By this we know that we love the children of God, when
we love God, and keep His commandments." 1 John 5: 2.
15. What is the love of God declared to be?
"For this is the love of God, that we keep His commandments:
and His commandments are not grievous." Verse 3.
16. How is the church of the last 'days described?
288 BIBLE READINGS
"And the dragon was wroth with the.woman, and went to
make war with the remnant of her seed, which keep the com-
mandments of God, and have the testimony of Jesus Christ."
"Here is the patience of the saints: here are they that keep the
commandments of God, and the faith of Jesus." Rev. 12: 17;
14:12:

THE MORAL AND CEREMONIAL LAWS

1. WHAT title of distinction is given the law of God?
"If ye fulfil the royal law according to the scripture, Thou
shalt love thy neighbor as thyself, ye do well: but if ye have
respect of persons, ye commit sin, and are convinced of the law
as transgressors." James 2: 8, 9.
2. By what law is the knowledge of sin?
"I had not known sin, but by the law: for I had not known
lust, except the law had said, Thou shalt not covet." Rom. 7: 7.
NOTE.— The law which says, "Thou shalt not covet," is the ten
commandments.
3. By what are all men to be finally judged?
"Let us hear the conclusion of the whole matter: Fear God,
and keep His commandments: for this is the whole duty of man.
For God shall bring every work into judgment, with every
secret thing, whether it be good, or whether it be evil." Eccl.
12: 13, 14. "So speak ye, and so do, as they that shall be judged
by the law of liberty." James 2: 12.
NOTE.— The law which is here called "the law of liberty," is the law
which says, "Do not commit adultery" and "Do not kill," for these com-
mandments had just been quoted in the verse immediately preceding.
In verse 8, this same law is styled "the royal law;" that is, the kingly law.
This is the law by which men are to be judged.
4. What system was established on account of man's trans-
gression of the law of God?
The sacrificial system, with its rites and ceremonies point-
ing to Christ.
5. Why did the patriarch Job offer burnt offerings?
"And his sons went and feasted in their houses, every one
his day; and sent and called for their three sisters to eat and
to drink with them. And it was so, when the days of their
feasting were gone about, that Job sent and sanctified them,
and rose up early in the morning, and offered burnt offerings
according to the number of them all: for Job said, It may be that
 Love the Fulfilling of the Law
" If the love of God is shed abroad in your heart,"
says Mr. Moody, " you will be able to fulfil the law."
Paul reduces the commandments to one: " Thou
shalt love," and says that " love is the fulfilling of the
law." This truth may be demonstrated thus:-

1. Love to God will admit no other god.

2. Love will not debase the object it adores.
3. Love to God will never dishonor His name.
4. Love to God will reverence His day.
5. Love to parents will honor them.
6. Hate, not love, is a murderer.
7. Lust, not love, commits adultery.
8. Love will give, but never steal.
9. Love will not slander nor lie.
10. Love's eye is not covetous.

Principles Underlying the Ten Commandments

1.. Faith and loyalty. Heb. 11:6; Matt. 4:8-10.
2. Worship. Jer. 10: 10-12; Ps. 115:3-8; Rev.
14:6,7.
3. Reverence. Ps. 111: 9; 89: 7; Heb. 12: 28;
2 Tim. 2:19.
4. Holiness, or sanctification, and consecration.
1 Peter 1:15, 16; Heb. 12:14; Ex. 31:13; Eze. 20:
12; 1 Cor. 1:30; Prov. 3: 6.
5. Obedience, or respect for authority. Eph. 6:
1-3; Col. 3:20; 2 Kings 2:23, 24.
6. Love. Lev. 19:17; 1 John 3:15; Matt. 5:
21-26, 43-48.
7. Purity. Matt. 5: 8; Eph. 5:3,4; Col. 3:5, 6;
1 Tim. 5: 22; 1 Peter 2:11.
8. Honesty. Rom. 12:17; Eph. 4:28; 2 Thess.
3:10-12.
9. Truthfulness. Eph. 4:25; Col. 3:9; Prov. 6:
16-19; 12:19; Rev. 21:27; 22:15.
10. Contentment and unselfishness. Eph. 5:5;
Col. 3 : 5; 1 Tim. 6:6-11; Heb. 13:5.

19 12891
 290 BIBLE READINGS

my sons have sinned, and cursed God in their hearts. Thus did
Job continually." Job 1: 4, 5.
6. How early was this sacrificial system known?
"By faith Abel offered unto God a more excellent sacrifice
fan Cain, by which-he_olatained witness tintt.he wanrighteour,
God testifying of his gifts." Heb. 11: 4. See Gen. 4: 3-5; 8: 20.
7. By whom was the ten commandment law proclaimed?
"And the Lord spake unto you out of the midst of the fire: ye
heard the voice of the words, but saw no similitude; only ye
heard a voice. And He declared unto you His covenant, which
He commanded you to perform, even ten commandments; and He
wrote them upon two tables of stone." Deut. 4: 12, 13.
8. How was the ceremonial law made known to Israel?
"And the Lord called unto, Moses, . . . saying, Speak
unto the children of Israel, and say unto them, If any man of you
bring an offering," etc. Lev. 1: 1, 2. "This is the law of the
burnt offering, of the meat-offering, and of the sin-offering, and of
the trespass-offering, and of the consecrations, and of the sacrifice of
the peace-offering; which the Lord commanded Moses in mount
Sinai, in the day that He commanded the children of Israel to
offer their oblations unto the Lord, in the wilderness of Sinai."
Lev. 7: 37, 38.
9. Were the ten commandments a distinct and complete
law by themselves?
"These words the Lord spake unto all your assembly in the
mount out of the midst of the fire, of the cloud, and of the thick
darkness, with a great voice: and He added no more. And He
wrote them in two tables of stone, and delivered them unto me."
Deut. 5:22. "And the Lord said unto Moses, Come up to
Me into the mount, and be there: and I will give thee tables of
stone, and a law, and commandments which I have written."
Ex. 24: 12.
10. Was the ceremonial law a complete law in itself?
"The law of commandments contained in ordinances." Eph.
2: 15.
11. On what did God write the ten commandments?
"And He declared unto you His covenant, which He com-
manded you to perform, even ten commandments; and He wrote
them upon two tables of stone." Deut. 4: 13.
 THE MORAL AND CEREMONIAL LAWS 291
12. In what were the laws or commandments respecting
sacrifices and burnt offerings written?
"And they removed the burnt offerings, that they might
give according to the divisions of the families of the people,
to offer unto the Lord, as it is written in the book of Moses."
2 Chron. 35: 12.
13. Where were the ten commandments placed?
"And he took and put the testimony into the ark, . . .
and put the mercy-seat above upon the ark." Ex. 40:20.
14. Where did Moses command the Levites to put the book
of the law which he had written?
"Moses commanded the Levites, which bare the ark of the
covenant of the Lord, saying, Take this book of the law, and
put it in the side of the ark of the covenant of the Lord your God."
Deut. 31:25, 26.
15. What is the nature of the moral law?
"The law of the Lord is perfect, converting the soul." Ps.
19: 7. "For we know that the law is spiritual." Rom. 7: 14.
16. Could the offerings commanded by the ceremonial law
satisfy or make perfect the conscience of the believer?
"Which was a figure for the time then present, in which were
offered both gifts and sacrifices, that could not make him that did
the service perfect, as pertaining to the conscience." Heb. 9: 9.
17. Until what time did the ceremonial law impose the serv-
ice performed in the worldly sanctuary?
"Which stood only in meats and drinks, and divers wash-
ings, and carnal ordinances, imposed on them until the time of
reformation." Verse 10.
18. When was this time of reformation?
"But Christ being come an high priest of good things to come,
by a greater and more perfect tabernacle, not made with hands,
that is to say, not of this building; neither by the blood of goats
and calves, but by His own blood He entered in once into the
holy place, having obtained eternal redemption for us." Verses
11, 12.
19. How did Christ's death affect the ceremonial law?
"Blotting out the handwriting of ordinances that was against
us, which was contrary to us, and took it out of the way, nail-
ing it to His cross." Col. 2: 14. "Having abolished in His
292 BIBLE READINGS

flesh the enmity, even the law of commandments contained in

ordinances." Eph. 2: 15.
20. Why was the ceremonial law taken away?
"For there is a disannulling of a foregoing commandment
because of its weakness and unprofitableness (for the law made
nothing Derfeet), and a bringing in thereat:sob Ora'bettei
through which we draw nigh unto God." Heb. 7: 18, 19, R. V.
21. What miraculous event occurred at the death of Christ,
signifying that the sacrificial system was forever at an end?
"Jesus, when He had cried again with a loud voice, yielded
up the ghost. And, behold, the veil of the temple was rent in
twain from the top to the bottom." Matt. 27: 50, 51.
22. In what words had the prophet Daniel foretold this?
"And He shall confirm the covenant with many for one week :
and in the midst of the week He shall cause the sacrifice and the
oblation to cease." Dan. 9: 27.
23. How enduring is the moral law?
"Concerning Thy testimonies, I have known of old that
Thou hast founded them forever." Ps. 119: 152.
THE TWO LAWS CONTRASTED
THE MORAL LAW THE CEREMONIAL LAW
Is called the "royal law." James Is called "the law . . . contained
2: 8. in ordinances." Eph. 2: 15.
Was spoken by God. Deut. 4: 12, 13. Was spoken by Moses. Lev. 1:1-3.
Was written by God on tables of Was " the handwriting of ordi-
stone. Ex. 24: 12. nances." Col. 2:14.
Was written "with the finger of Was written by Moses in a book.
God." Ex. 31: 18. 2 Chron. 35:12.
Was placed in the ark. Ex. 40: Was placed in the side of the ark.
20; 1 Kings 8: 9; Heb. 9: 4. Deut. 31:24-26.
Is "perfect." Ps. 19:7. "Made nothing perfect." Heb.
7: 19.
Is to "stand fast forever and ever." Was nailed to the cross. Col.
Ps. 111:7, 8. 2:14.
Was not destroyed by Christ. Matt. Was abolished by Christ. Eph.
5: 17. 2: 15.
Was to be magnified by Christ. Was taken out of the way by
Isa. 42:21. Christ. Col. 2: 14.
Gives knowledge of sin. Rom. 3: Was instituted in consequence of
20; 7:7. sin. Leviticus 3-7.
 THE TWO COVENANTS
1. WHAT two covenants are contrasted in the Bible?
"In that He saith, A new covenant, He hath made the first
old. Now that which decayeth and waxeth old is ready to
vanish away." Heb. 8: 13.
2. By what other terms are these covenants designated?
"For if that first covenant had been faultless, then should
no place have been sought for the second." Verse 7.
3. In connection with what historical event was the old
covenant made?
"Not according to the covenant that I made with their
fathers in the day when I took them by the hand to lead them
out of the land of Egypt; because they continued not in My
covenant, and I regarded them not, saith the Lord." Verse
9. See Ex. 19:3-8.
4. When God was about to proclaim His law to Israel, of
what did He tell Moses to remind them?
"Tell the children of Israel; Ye have seen what I did unto
the Egyptians, and how I bare you on eagles' wings, and brought
you unto Myself." Ex. 19: 3, 4.
5. What proposition did He submit to them?
"Now therefore, if ye will obey My voice indeed, and keep My
covenant, then ye shall be a peculiar treasure unto Me above all
people: for all the earth is Mine: and ye shall be unto Me a king-
dom of priests, and an holy nation." Verses 5, 6.
6. What response did the people make to this proposition?
"And all the people answered together, and said, All that
the Lord h,ath spoken we will do. And Moses returned the words
. of the people unto the Lord." Verse 8.
7. In this covenant with Israel, what obligation was im-
posed upon the people?
"Now therefore, if ye will obey' My voice indeed, and keep
My covenant." Verse 5, first part.
8. What was the Lord's covenant which they were to keep
as their part of this covenant?
"And He declared unto you His covenant, which He com-
manded you to perform, even ten commandments; and He wrote
them upon two tables of stone." Deut. 4: 13.
[293]
294 BIBLE READINGS
NOTE.- The ten commandments were the "covenant" to which the
Lord referred, when, in proposing to make a covenant with Israel, He said,
"If ye will obey My voice indeed, and keep My covenant," etc. Ex. 19: 5.
The ten commandments were termed God's covenant before the covenant
was made with Israel: hence they cannot be the old covenant itself. They
were not an agreement made, but something which God commanded them
to perform, and promised blessings upon condition they were kept. Thus
the ten to;mariandmenta,-,--Gad's cavehatat—hecalue the kaaa of the
covenant here made with Israel. The old covenant was made concerning
the ten commandments; or, as stated in Ex. 24:8, "concerning all these
words." A covenant means a solemn pledge or promise based on con-
ditions.
9. After the law had been proclaimed from Sinai, what did
the people again say?
"And all the people answered with one voice, and said, All
the words which the Lord hath said will we do." Ex. 24: 3.
10. That there might be no misunderstanding, what did
Moses do?
"And Moses wrote all the words of the Lord, . . . and
he took the book of the covenant, and read in the audience of
the people." Verses 4-7.
11. What did the people once again promise to do?
"And they said, All that the Lord hath said will we do, and
be obedient." Verse 7.
12. How was this covenant then confirmed and dedicated?
"And he sent young men of the children of Israel, which
offered burnt offerings, and sacrificed peace-offerings of oxen
unto the Lord. And Moses took half of the blood, and put it
in basins; and half of the blood he sprinkled on the altar. And
he took the book of the covenant, and read. in the audience of
the people: and they said, All that the Lord hath said will we
do, and be. obedient. And Moses took the blood, and sprinkled
it on the people, and said, Behold the blood of the covenant, which
the Lord hath made with you concerning all these words." Verses
5-8.
13. How does Paul describe this dedication of the covenant?
"For when Moses had spoken every precept to all the people
according to the law, he took the blood of calves and of goats,
with water, and scarlet wool, and hyssop, and sprinkled both the
book, and all the people, saying, This is the blood of the testa-
ment which God hath enjoined unto you." Heb. 9: 19, 20.
NoTs.-- We here have the complete account of the making of the
first or old covenant. God promised to make them His peculiar people
 THE TWO COVENANTS 295
on condition that they would keep His commandments. Three times
they promised to obey. The agreement was then ratified, or sealed, with
blwd.
14. Within less than forty days after the making of this
covenant, while Moses tarried in the mount, what did the people
say to Aaron?
" Up, make us gods, which shall go before us; for as for this
Moses, the man that brought us up out of the land of Egypt,
we wot not what is become of him." Ex. 32: 1.
15. When Moses came down from Sinai, what did he see?
"And it came to pass, as soon as he came nigh unto the
camp, that he saw the calf, and the dancing: and Moses' anger
waxed hot, and he cast the tables out of his hands, and brake
them beneath the mount." Verse 19.
NOTE.— The great object and secret of the old covenant is revealed
here. The people did not realize the weakness and sinfulness of their
own hearts, or their need of divine grace and help to keep the law; and so,
in their ignorance, they readily pledged obedience to it. But almost
immediately they began to commit idolatry, and thus to break the law of
God, or the very conditions laid down as their part of the covenant. In
themselves the conditions were good; but in their own strength the people
were unable to fulfil them. The great object of the old covenant therefore
was to teach the people their weakness, and their inability to keep the law
without the help of God. Like the law itself, over which the old covenant
was made, this covenant was designed to shut them up to the provisions
of the new or everlasting covenant, and lead them to Christ. Gal. 3:
23, 24. And the lesson which Israel as a nation had to learn in this, each
individual now must learn before he can be saved. There is no salvation
for any one while trusting in self. Unaided, no one can keep the law.
Only in Christ is there either remission of sins or power to keep from sin-
ning. The breaking of the tables of the law signified that the terms of the
covenant had been broken; the renewing of the tables (Ex. 34: 1, 28), God's
patience and long-suffering with His people.
16. Wherein does the new covenant differ from and excel
the old?
"But now hath He obtained a more excellent ministry, by
how much also He is the mediator of a better covenant, which was
established upon better promises." Heb. 8: 6.
17. What are the "better promises" upon which the new
covenant was established?
"This shall be the covenant that I will make with the house
of Israel; After those days, saith the Lord, I will put My law in
their inward parts, and write it in their hearts; . . . I will
forgive their iniquity, and I will remember their sin no more."
Jer. 31:33, 34. See Heb. 8: 8-12.
Nora.— These are simply the blessings of the gospel through Christ.
They are promised upon condition of repentance, confession, faith, and
296 BIBLE READINGS
acceptance of Christ, the Mediator of the new covenant, which means sal-
vation and obedience. In the old covenant there was no provision for
pardon and power to obey. It is true there was pardon during the time of
the old covenant, but not by virtue of it. Pardon then? as now, was through
the provisions of the new covenant, the terms of which are older than the
old covenant.
18. In what statement was Christ promised as a Saviour
and Deliverer of the race as soon as sin entered?
"And the Lord God said unto the serpent, . . . I will
put enmity between thee and the woman, and between thy seed
and her seed; it shall bruise thy head, and thou shalt bruise His
heel." Gen. 3: 14, 15.
Num.— The covenant of grace, with its provisions of pardon and
peace, dates from the foundation of the world.
19. To whom was this covenant-promise later renewed?
"And God said unto Abraham, . . . Sarah thy wife
shall bear thee a son indeed; and thou shalt call his name Isaac:
and I will establish My covenant with him for an everlasting
covenant, and with his seed after him." "I will make thy
seed to multiply as the stars of heaven . . . and in thy
seed shall all the nations of the earth ' be blessed." Gen.
17: 15-19; 26:4.
20. Who was the seed here referred to?
"Now to Abraham and his seed were the promises made.
He saith not, And to seeds, as of many; but as of one, And to
thy seed, which is Christ." Gal. 3: 16.
21. What shows that the new or second covenant and the
Abrahamic covenant are virtually the same?
"And if ye be Christ's, then are ye Abraham's seed, and heirs
according to the promise." Verse 29.
NOTE.-No one should allow himself to be confused by the terms
first covenant and second covenant. While the covenant made at Sinai
is called the first covenant, it is by no means the first covenant that God
ever made with man. Long before this He made a covenant with Abra-
ham; He also made a covenant with Noah, and with Adam. Neither must
it be supposed that the first or old covenant existed for a time as the only
covenant with mankind, and that this must serve its purpose and pass
away before any one could share in the promised blessings of the second
or new covenant. Had this been the case, then during that time there
would have been no pardon for any one. t ishacalled the new or second
covenant virtually existed before the covenant made at Sinai; for the
covenant with Abraham was confirmed in Christ (Gal. 3: 17), and it is
only through Christ that there is any value to the new or second covenant.
There is no blessing that can be gained by virtue of the new covenant that
was not promised to Abraham. And we, with whom the new covenant is
made, can share the inheritance which it promises only by being children
 THE TWO COVENANTS 297
of Abraham, and sharing in his blessing. Gal. 3: 7, 9. And since no one
can have anything except as a child of Abraham, it follows that there
is nothing in what is called the new or second covenant that was not in the
covenant made with Abraham. The second covenant existed in every
essential feature, except its ratification, long before the first, even from the
days of Adam. It is called second because its ratification occurred after
the covenant made and ratified at Sinai.
22. What is necessary where there is a covenant?
"For where a covenant is, there must also of necessity be
the death of that which establishes it. For a covenant is made
firm over the dead victims; whereas it is of no force while that
which establisheth it liveth." Heb. 9: 16, 17, Boothroyd's
translation.
23. With whose blood was the new covenant dedicated?
"And [He took] the cup in like manner after supper, saying,
This cup is the new covenant in My blood, even that which is
poured out for you." Luke 22: 20, R. V.
24. What power is there in the blood of this covenant?
"Now the God of peace, tLat brought again from the dead
our Lord Jesus, that great Shepherd of the sheep, through the
blood of the everlasting covenant, make you perfect in every good
work to do His will." Heb. 13: 20, 21.
25. Through which covenant only is there remission of sins?
"How much more shall the blood of Christ, who through
the eternal Spirit offered Himself without blemish unto God,
cleanse your conscience from dead works to serve the living God?
And for this cause He is the mediator of a new covenant,• that a
death having taken place for the redemption of the transgres-
sions that were under the first covenant, they that have been
called may receive the promise of the eternal inheritance." Heb.
9: 14, 15, R. V.
NOTE.— The fact that Christ, as mediator of the second covenant,
died for the remission of the transgressions that were under the first cove-
nant, shows that there was no forgiveness by virtue of the first covenant.
26. Under the old covenant, what did the people promise?
To keep the law of God in their own strength.
NOTE.— Under this covenant the people promised to keep all the
commandments of God in order to be His peculiar people, and this without
help from any one. This was virtually a promise to make themselves
righteous. But Christ says, "Without Me ye can do nothing." John
15:5. And the prophet Isaiah says, "All our righteousnesses are as filthy
rags." isa. 64 : 6. The only perfect righteousness is God's righteousness,
and this can be obtained only through faith in Christ. Rom: 3:20-26.
The only righteousness that will insure an entrance into the kingdom of
298 BIBLE READINGS
God is "the righteousness which is of God by faith." Phil. 3: 9. Of those
who inherit the kingdom of God, the Lord says, "Their righteousness is
of Me" (Isa. 54:17); and the prophet Jeremiah says of Christ, "This is
His name whereby He shall be called, The Lord Our Righteousness."
Jer. 23: 6.
27. Under the new covenant, what does God promise to do?
"I will put My law in their inward parts, and write it in
their hearts." Jer. 31: 33.
NOM- The new covenant is an arrangement for bringing man again
into harmony with the divine will, and placing him where he can keep
God's law. Its "better promises" bring forgiveness of sins, grace to renew
the heart, and power to obey the law of God. The dissolution of the old
covenant and the making of the new in no wise abrogated the law of God.
28. Where was the law of God written under the old cove-
nant?
"And I made an ark of shittim-wood, and hewed two tables
of stone. . . . And He wrote on the tables . . . the ten
commandments, which the Lord spake unto you in the mount
out of the -midst of the fire in the day of the assembly: and the
Lord gave them unto me." Deut. 10: 3, 4.
29. Where is the law of God written under the new covenant?
"But this shall be the covenant that I will make with the
house of Israel; After those days, saith the Lord, I will put My
law in their inward parts, and write it in their hearts." Jer. 31: 33.
30. What reason is given for making the new covenant?
"For if that first covenant had been faultless, then should
no place have been sought for the second. For finding fault
with them, he saith, Behold, the days come, saith the Lord, when
I will make a new covenant." Heb. 8: 7, 8.
Norn.— The chief fault in connection with the old covenant lay with
the people. They were not able, in themselves, to fulfil their part of it,
and it provided them no help for so doing. There was no Christ in it.
It was of works and not of grace. It was valuable only as a means of im-
pressing upon them their sinfulness and their need of divine aid.
31. What unites all believers under the new covenant?
"Wherefore remember, that ye being in time past Gentiles
in the flesh, who are called Uncircurncision by that which is
called the Circumcision in the flesh made by hands; that at
that time ye were without Christ, being aliens from the common-
wealth of Israel, and strangers from the covenants of promise,
having no hope, and without God in the world: but now in Christ
Jesus ye who sometimes were far off are made nigh by the blood of
Christ." Eph. 2: 11-13.
 THE TWO COVENANTS 299
SIMILARITIES BETWEEN THE TWO COVENANTS
1. Both are called covenants.
2. Both were ratified with blood.
3. Both were made concerning the law of God.
4. Both were made with the people of God.
5. Both were established upon promises.
DISSIMILARITIES BETWEEN THE TWO COVENANTS
OLD COVENANT NEW COVENANT
Called the old covenant. Called the new covenant.
Called the first covenant. Called the second covenant.
A temporary compact. An everlasting covenant.
Dedicated with the blood of animals. Ratified with the blood of Christ.
Was faulty. Is a better covenant.
Was established upon the promises Is established upon the promises
of the people. of God.
Had no mediator. Has a mediator.
Had no .provision for the forgiveness Provides for the forgiveness
of sins. of sins.
Under this, the law was written on Under this, the law is written
tables of stone. in the heart.
Was of works. Is of grace.
Conditions: Obey and live; disobey Conditions: Repent and be for-
and die. given; believe and be saved.
THE OLD THE NEW

If. If ye. If ye will. If ye will do. I. I will. I will do.

If ye will do all. I will do all.
If ye will do all, then—ye shall be I will do all, and — will be your
My people, and I will be your God. God, and ye shall be My people.

WHAT WAS ABOLISHED BY CHRIST

1. How did Christ's death on the cross affect the whole
sacrificial system?
"After threescore and two weeks shall Messiah be cut off.
. . . And He shall confirm the covenant with many for one
week: and in the midst of the week He shall cause the sacrifice and
the oblation to cease." Dan. 9: 26, 27.
2. What did Christ nail to His cross?
"Blotting out the handwriting of ordinances that was against
us, which was contrary to us, and took it out of the way, nail-
ing it to His cross." Col. 2: 14.
3. What did He thus abolish?
"Having- abolished in His flesh the enmity, even the law of
commandments contained in ordinances; for to make in Himself
of twain one new man, so making peace; and that He might
300 BIBLE READINGS
reconcile bcth unto God in one body by the cross, having slain
the enmity thereby." Eph. 2: 15, 16.
4. To what did the ordinances pertain that were thus
abolished?
"Let no man therefore judge you in meat, or in drink, or in
respect of an holy day, or of the new moon, or of the sabbath
days: which are a shadow of things to come; but the body is of
Christ." Col. 2: 16, 17.
5. From what statement do we learn that these ordinances
related to the sacrificial system?
"For the law having a shadow of good things to come, and not
the very image of the things, can never with those sacrifices
which they offered year by year continually make the corners
thereunto perfect." Heb. 10: 1.
6. What occurred at the time of the crucifixion which in-
dicated that the typical system had been taken away by Christ?
"And, behold, the veil of the temple was rent in twain from the
top to the bottom; and the earth did quake, and the rocks rent."
Matt. 27: 51.
7. In what language is this clearly stated?
"Then said He, Lo, I come to do Thy will, 0 God. He
taketh away the first, that He may establish the second." Heb.
10:9.
8. What is the first which He took away?
"Above when- He said, Sacrifice and offering and burnt
offerings and offering for sin thou wouldest not, neither hadst
pleasure therein; which are offered by the law." Verse 8.
Nuns.— "He taketh away the first." The connection plainly indi-
cates that what Christ took away was ceremonialism as expressed in the
typical service of sacrifices and offerings, and that what He established, by
giving Himself to do the will of God, was the experience of doing the will of
God on the part of the believer. Thus He made possible the answer to the
petition which He taught his disciples, "Thy will be done in earth, as it is
in heaven." Instead of abolishing the moral law, Christ made such pro-
vision that every believer in Him may become a doer of that law.
"The word first here refers to sacrifices and offerings. He takes them
away; that is, He shows that they are of no value in removing sin. He
states their inefficacy, and declares His purpose to abolish them. 'That
He may establish the second'— to wit, the doing of the will of God. . . .
If they had been efficacious, there would have been no need of His coming
to make an atonement."—Dr. Albert Barnes, on Heb. 10: 9.
9. In what statement to the woman at Jacob's well did
Jesus intimate that the ceremonial system of worship would be
abolished?
 WHAT WAS ABOLISHED BY CHRIST 301
"Jesus saith unto her, Woman, believe Me, the hour cometh,
when ye shall neither in this mountain, nor yet at Jerusalem,
worship the Father." John 4:21.
NorrE.— The worship of the Jews centered in the typical system,
h ad
ritual service, of the temple, "at Jerusalem," while the Samaritans had
instituted a rival service "in this mountain," Mt. Gerizim. In His state-
ment to the woman of Samaria, Jesus therefore indicated that the time was
at hand when the whole typical system would be done away.
10. What test case arose in the time of the apostles over
this question?
"And certain men which came down from Judea taught the
brethren, and said, Except ye be circumcised after the manner of
Moses, ye cannot be saved." Acts 15: 1.
11. What requirement was made by these teachers from
Judea concerning the ceremonial law?
"Forasmuch as we have heard, that certain which went out
from us have troubled you with words, subverting your souls,
saying, Ye must be circumcised, and keep the law: to whom we
gave no such commandment." Verse 24.
12. After conferring over this matter, what decision was
reached by the apostles?
"For it seemed good to the Holy Ghost, and to us, to lay
upon you no greater burden than these necessary things; that
ye abstain from meats offered to idols, and from blood, and from
things strangled, and from fornication: from which if ye keep
yourselves, ye shall do well. Fare ye well." Verses 28, 29.
13. What charge was made against Stephen concerning his
attitude toward the ceremonial law?
"And set up false witnesses, which said, This man ceaseth
not to speak blasphemous words against this holy place, and the
law: for we have heard him say, that this Jesus of Nazareth
shall destroy this place, and shall change the customs which
Moses delivered us.' Acts 6: 13, 14.
14. What similar charge was brought against the apostle
Paul?
"This fellow persuadeth men to worship God contrary to
the law." Acts 18: 13.
15. What statement did Paul make concerning his faith
and manner of worship?
"But this I confess unto thee, that after the way which they
call heresy, so worship I the God of my fathers, believing all
302 BIBLE READINGS

things which are written in the law and in the prophets." Acts
24:14.
NoTE.— The charge against Stephen and Paul was not based upon
any violation of the moral law, but upon their teaching concerning the
ceremonial law; and Paul's admission that he was guilty of what they called
heresy meant simply that he differed from them as to the obligation to
observe •any 1oiager the precepts of the law which was imposed upon them
"until the time of reformation." The simple fact that such charges were
preferred against these able exponents and teachers of the gospel shows
that in their view the ceremonial law had been abolished by the death of
Christ, and that, like the giving of the moral law at Sinai, it was designed
to lead men to Cluist.
16. What is one of the offices of the moral law?
"Wherefore the law was our schoolmaster to bring us unto
Christ, that we might be justified by faith." Gal. 3: 24.
17. How is this same teaching expressed in another place?
"For Christ is the end of the law for righteousness to every
one that believeth." Rom. 10:4.
NOTE.— Murdock's translation of the Syriac New Testament renders
this passage: "For Messiah is the aim of the law, for righteousness, unto
every one that believeth in Him."
18. In what statement is there a similar use of the word end?
"Receiving the end of your faith, even the salvation of your
souls." 1 Peter 1: 9. See also 1 Tim. 1: 5; James 5: 11.
NoTE.— In the ceremonial law there was "a shadow of good things
to come," a type of the mediatmial work of Christ, our great High Priest.
The moral law makes known sin, places the sinner under condemnation,
and forces him to Christ for pardon and cleansing. The ceremonial law
was abolished by the work of Christ, but the moral law was established
by both His life and death.
19. What testimony did Christ bear concerning His relation
to the law and the prophets?
"Think not that I am come to destroy the law, or the
prophets: I am not come to destroy, but to fulfil." Matt.
5: 17.
NOTE.—"Christ kept the law. If He had ever broken it, He would
have had to die for Himself; but because He was a Lamb without spot or
blemish, His atoning death is efficacious for you and me. He had no sin of
His own to atone for, and so God accepted His sacrifice. Christ is the end
of the law for righteousness to every one that believeth. We are right-
eous in God's sight because the righteousness of God which is by faith in
Jesus Christ is unto all and upon all them that believe."—" Weighed and
Wanting," by D. L. Moody, pages 123, 124. See also notes on pages 275,
280, 281, and 286.
 THE LAW AND THE GOSPEL
1. WHAT is one of the uses of the law?
"Therefore by the deeds of the law there shall no flesh be
justified in His sight: for by the law is the knowledge of sin."
Rom. 3:20.
2. In thus making known sin, and the consequent need of
a Saviour, what part does the law act?
"Wherefore the law was our schoolmaster to bring us unto
Christ, that we might be justified by faith." Gal. 3: 24.
3. What is the gospel declared to be?
"For I am not ashamed of the gospel of Christ: for it is
the power of God unto salvation to every one that believeth; to the
Jew first, and also to the Greek." Rom. 1: 16.
4. What is the significance of the name bestowed by the
angel upon the Saviour before His birth?
"And she shall bring forth a son, and thou shalt call His
name Jesus: for He shall save His people from their sins."
Matt. 1:21.
5. In whom is this power to save from sin revealed?
"But we preach Christ crucified, unto the Jews a stumbling-
block, and unto the Greeks foolishness; but unto them which
are called, both Jews and Greeks, Christ the power of God, and
the wisdom of God." 1 Cor. 1: 23, 24.
6. What was foretold concerning Christ's attitude toward
the law of God?
"Then said I, Lo, I come: in the volume of the book it is
written of Me, I delight to do Thy will, 0 My God: yea, Thy law
is within My heart." Ps. 40: 7, 8.
7. What is the first promise of the new covenant?
"For-this is the covenant that I will make with the house of
Israel after those days, saith the Lord; I will put My laws into
their mind, and write them in their hearts." Heb. 8: 10.
8. What is Christ's relation to this new covenant?
"But now hath He obtained a more excellent ministry, by
how much also He is the mediator of a better covenant, which
was established upon better promises." Verse 6.
9. How is this same work for man otherwise described?
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304 BIBLE READINGS
"For every high priest is ordained to offer gifts and sacri-
fices: wherefore it is of necessity that this Man have somewhat
also to offer. For if He were on earth, He should not be a priest,
seeing that there are priests that offer gifts according to the law."
Verses 3, 4.
10. What is necessary on the part of the individual in order
to receive the benefit of Christ's work?
"With the heart man believeth unto righteousness; and with
the mouth confession is made unto salvation." Rom. 10: 10.
11. For what did the apostle Paul trust Christ?
"Yea doubtless, and I count all things but loss for the ex-
cellency of the knowledge of Christ Jesus my Lord: for whom
I have, suffered the loss of all things, and do count them but
dung, that I may win Christ, and be found in Him, not having
mine own righteousness, which is of the law, but that which
is through the faith of Christ, the righteousness which is of God
by faith." Phil. 3: 8, 9.
12. What relation does the law sustain to this righteousness?
"But now the righteousness of God without the law is mani-
fested, being witnessed by the law and the prophets." Rom.
3 : 21.
13.Does the faith which brings righteousness abolish the law?
"Do we then make void the law through faith? God for-
bid: yea, we establish the law." Verse 31.
NOTE.— The law reveals the perfection of character required, and so
gives a knowledge of sin; but it is powerless to confer the character de-
manded. In the gospel, the law, first written in the heart of Christ, be-
comes "the law of the Spirit of life in Christ Jesus," and is thus transferred
to the heart of the believer, in whose heart Christ dwells by faith. Thus
the new covenant promise is fulfilled that the law shall be written in the
heart. This is the genuine experience of righteousness by faith,— a
righteousness which is witnessed by the law, and revealed in the life in
harmony with the law. The gospel is thus seen to be the provision for
restoring the law to its place in the heart and life of the one who believes
on Christ, and accepts His mediatorial work. Such faith, instead of
making void the law, establishes it in the heart of the believer. The gospel
is not against the law, therefore, but upholds, maintains, and presents the
law to us in Christ.
14. What did Christ take away?
"The next day John seeth Jesus coming unto him, and saith,
Behold the Lamb of God, which taketh away the sin of the world,"
John 1:29.
15. What has Christ abolished?
 THE LAW AND THE GOSPEL 305
"B4t is now made manifest by the appearing of our Sav-
iour Jesus Christ, who hath abolished death, and hath brought
life and immortality to light through the gospel." 2 Tim. 1: 10.
16. What change is brought about through the gospel?
"But we all, with,open face beholding as in a glass the glory
of the Lord, are chcaged into the same image from glory to glory,
even as by the Spirit of the Lord." 2 Cor. 3: 18.
NoTE.— It is sometimes claimed that Christ changed, abolished, or
took away. the law, and put thegospel in its place; but this shows a mis-
apprehension of the real work of Christ. The individual believer is changed
by beholding the glory revealed in the gospel (2 Cor. 4:4; John 1: 14);
death has been abolished through the death of Christ; and sin has been
taken away by the great Sin-bearer; but the law of God still remains un-
changed as the very foundation of His throne. See note on page 63.
17. What spiritual interpretation did Christ give to the
sixth commandment?
"Ye have heard that it was said of them of old time, Thou
shalt not kill; and whosoever shall kill shall be in danger of the
judgment: but I say unto you, That whosoever is angry with
his brother without a cause shall be in danger of the judgment:
and whosoever shall say to his brother, Raca, shall be in danger
of the council: but whosoever shall say, Thou fool, shall be in
danger of hell-fire." Matt. 5: 21, 22.
18. How did He interpret the seventh commandment?
"Ye have heard that it was said by them of old time, Thou
shalt not commit adultery: but I say unto you, That whosoever
looketh on a woman to lust after her hath committed adultery with
her already in his heart." Verses 27, 28.
19. Of what prophecy was this teaching a fulfilment?
"The Lord is well pleased for His righteousness' sake; He
will magnify the law, and make it honorable." Isa. 42: 21.
NoTE.— Christ not only gave a spiritual interpretation to the law,
and Himself observed it according to that interpretation, but He showed
the holiness and the immutable nature of the law by dying on the cross to
pay the penalty of its transgression. In this way, above all; He magnified
the law, and showed its far-reaching, immutable, and imperishable nature.
20. In what promise was the gospel preached to Abraham?
"And the scripture, foreseeing that God would justify the
heathen through faith, preached before the gospel unto Abraham,
saying, In thee shall all nations be blessed." Gal. 3: 8.
21. On what basis was Abraham accounted righteous?
"For what saith the scripture? Abraham believed God, and
it was counted unto him for righteousness." Rom, 4: 3,
20
306 BIBLE READINGS
22. What scripture cuts off all hope of justification by works?
"Therefore by the deeds of the law there shall no flesh be justi-
fied in His sight: for by the law is the knowledge of sin." Rom.
3 : 20.
23. In what way are all believers in Jesus justified?
"Being justified freely by His grace through the redemption
that is in Christ Jesus." Verse 24.
24. After this work of grace has been accomplished, is the
believer expected to go on in sin?
" What shall we say then? Shall we continue in sin, that
grace may abound? God forbid. How shall we, that are dead
to sin, live any longer therein?" Rom. 6: 1, 2.
NOTE.- Even in the days of Abraham the same gospel of righteous-
ness by faith was preached as now, while the law made known sin, and wit-
nessed to the righteousness obtained through faith, just as it has done since
the cross. From this it is evident that the relation between the law and
the gospel has always been the same.
25. What was Christ's personal attitude toward the law?
"Think not that I am come to destroy the law, or the proph-
ets: I am not come to destroy, but to fulfil." Matt. 5: 17. "If
ye keep My commandments, ye shall abide in My love; even
as I have kept My Father's commandments, and abide in His
love." John 15: 10.
26. What scripture shows that God's remnant people will
have a right conception of the proper relation between the law
and the gospel?
"Here is the patience of the saints: here are they that keep
the commandments of God, and the faith of Jesus." Rev. 14: 12.
 PART IX
The Sabbath

INSTITUTION OF THE SABBATH

1. WHEN and by whom was the Sabbath made?
"Thus the heavens and the earth were finished, and all the
host of them. And on the seventh day God ended His work which
He had made; and. He rested on the seventh day from all His work
which He had made." Gen. 2: 1, 2.
2. After resting on the seventh day, what did God do?
"And God blessed the seventh day, and sanctified it: because
that in it He had rested from all His work which God created
and made." Verse 3.
3. By what three distinct acts, then, was the Sabbath made?
God rested on it; He blessed it; He sanctified it.
Sanctify: "To make sacred or holy; to set apart to a holy or rell•
gious use.' -- Webster.
4. Did Christ have anything to do with creation and the
making of the Sabbath?
" All things were made by Him; and without Him was not
anything made that was made." John 1:3. See also Eph. 3:
9; Col. 1: 16; Heb. 1: 2.
NOTE.— Christ, being the active agent in creation, must have rested
on the seventh day with the Father. It is therefore His rest day as well
as the Father's.
5. For whom did Christ say the Sabbath was made?
"And He said unto them, The Sabbath was made for man,
and not man for the Sabbath." Mark 2:27.
Norm.— It was not made for the Jews alone. The Jews derive their
name from Judah, one of the twelve sons of Jacob, from whom they are
descended. The Sabbath was made more than two thousand years before
there was a Jew. When Paul says, "Neither was the man created for the
woman; but the woman for the man " (1 Cor. 11:9), we understand him
to mean that marriage was ordained of God for all men. So likewise with
the Sabbath. It was made for the race.
6. What does the Sabbath commandment require?
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308 BIBLE READINGS
"Remember the Sabbath day, to keep it holy. Six days shalt
thou labor, and do all thy work: but the seventh day is the
Sabbath of the Lord thy God; in it thou shalt not do any work,
thou, nor thy son, nor thy daughter, thy man servant, nor thy
maid servant, nor thy cattle, nor thy stranger that is within
thy gates." Ex. 20: 8-10.
7. What reason is given in the commandment for keeping
the Sabbath day holy?
"For in six days the Lord made heaven and earth, the sea, and
all that in them is, and rested the seventh day: wherefore the Lord
blessed the Sabbath day, and hallowed it." Verse 11.
NOTE.- The Sabbath is the memorial of creation, and the sign of
God's creative power. Through the keeping of it God designed that man
should forever remember Him as the true and living God, the Creator of
all things.
8. Did God bless and sanctify the seventh day while He was
resting upon it, or when His rest on that day was past?
"And God blessed the seventh day, and sanctified it: be-
cause that in it He HAD rested from all His work which God
created and made." Gen. 2: 3.
NOTES.- God blessed and sanctified the seventh day then future,
answering to the day on which He had just rested. The acts of blessing
and sanctifying involve the idea of a future use of those things which are
blessed and sanctified. Past time cannot be used. It is gone forever.
The blessing and sanctification of the day, therefore, must have related
to the future to all the future seventh days.
In Joel 1: 14 we read: "Sanctify Ii. e., appoint] ye a fast, call a solemn
assembly, gather the elders and all the inhabitants of the land into the
house of the Lord." Wherever used in the Bible, the word sanctify means
to appoint, to proclaim, or to set apart, as in the margin of Joshua 20: 7;
2 Kings 10: 20,. 21; Zeph. 1: •7. So when the Sabbath was sanctified, as the
last act by which it was made for man, an appointment, or proclamation,
of the Sabbath was given. See Ex. 19: 23.
"If we had no other passage than this of Gen. 2: 3, there would be no
difficulty in deducing from it a precept for the universal observance of a
Sabbath, or seventh day, to be devoted to God as holy time, by all of that
race for whom the earth and its nature were specially prepared. The
first men must have known it. The words He hallowed it can have no
meaning otherwise. They would be a blank unless in reference to some
who were required to keep it holy."— Lange's Commentary, Vol. I, page 197.
9. How did God prove Israel in the wilderness?
"Then said the Lord unto Moses, Behold, I will rain bread
from heaven for you; and the people shall go out and gather a
certain rate every day, that I may prove them, whether they will
walk in My law, or no." Ex. 16:4.
10. On which day was a double portion of manna gathered?
 INSTITUTION OF THE SABBATH 309
"And it came to pass, that on the sixth day they gathered
twice as much bread, two omers for one man: and all the rulers
of the congregation came and told Moses." Verse 22.
11. What reply did Moses make to the rulers?
"And he said unto them, This is that which the Lord hath
said, Tomorrow is the rest of the holy Sabbath unto the Lord."
Verse 23.
NOTE.- This was a full month and more before they came to Sinai.
12. When had God said this?
In the beginning, when He sanctified the Sabbath. Gen. 2: 3.
Nova.— In the wilderness of Sin, before Israel came to Sinai, Moses
said to Jethro, his father-in-law, "I do make them know the statutes of God,
and His laws" (Ex. 18: 16), which shows that these statutes and laws ex-
isted before they were proclaimed on Sinai.
13. What did some of the people do on the seventh day?
" It came to pass, that there went out some of the people on the
seventh day for to gather, and they found none." Ex. 16: 27.
14. How did God reprove.their disobedience?
"And the Lord said unto Moses, How long refuse ye to keep
My commandments and My laws? " Verse 28.
15. Why was double manna given on the sixth day?
"See, for that the Lord hath 'given you the Sabbath, therefore
He giveth you on the sixth day the bread of two days; abide ye every
man in his place, let no man go out of his place on the seventh
day." Verse 29.
16. How, then, did the Lord prove the people (verse 4)
whether they would keep His law, or not?
Over the keeping of the. Sabbath.
Nam.— Thus we see that the Sabbath commandment was a part of
God's law before this law was spoken from Sinai; for this incident occurred
in the wilderness of Sin, before the children of Israel came to Sinai, where
the law was given. Both the Sabbath and the law existed from creation.

GOD'S MEMORIAL
1. WHAT is to endure throughout all generations?
"Thy name, 0 Lord, endureth forever; and Thy memorial,
0 Lord, throughout all generations." Ps. 135: 13.
Memorial: "Anything intended to preserve the memory of a person
or event; something which serves to keep some person or thing in remem-
brance, as a monument or a practise."— Webster.
 RIME READINGS
2. What illustration of this is given in the Bible?
"And these stones shall be for a memorial unto the children of
Israel forever." Joshua 4: 7.
3. What were these stones to commemorate?
"And he spake unto the children of Israel, saying, When your
children shall ask their fathers in time to conae, saying, What
mean these stones? then ye shall let your children know, saying,
Israel came over this Jordan on dry land." Verses 21, 22.
Now.— These stones were to be a standing memorial, or reminder,
of Israel's coming dry-shod over the Jordan.
4. What was another memorial instituted to commemorate
another signal providence in behalf of the Israelites?
"And this day shall be unto you for a memorial; and ye shall
keep it a feast to the Lord throughout your generations; ye shall
keep it a feast by an ordinance forever. Ex. 12: 14.
NOTE.- This, the Passover, was a periodical memorial, to be observed
on the fourteenth day of the first month of each year, the day on which the
Israelites were delivered from Egyptian bondage, and its celebration was
to be, with the seven days' feast of unleavened bread following and con-
nected with it, in commemoration of that event. See Ex. 13: 3-9.
5. Does God design that His great work of creating the
heavens and the earth shall be remembered?
"The works of the Lord are great, sought out of all them
that have pleasure therein. His work is honorable and glorious:
and His righteousness endureth forever. He hath made His
wonderful works to be remembered." Ps. 111: 2-4.
6. What has He commanded men to observe in memory of
this great work?
"Remember the Sabbath day, to keep it holy; . . . for in
six days the Lord made heaven and earth, the sea, and all that
in them is, and rested the seventh day: wherefore the Lord
blessed the Sabbath day, and hallowed it." Ex. 20: 8-11.
7. Of what was this memorial to be a sign?
"And hallow My Sabbaths; and they shall be a sign between
Me and you, that ye may know that I am the Lord your God."
Eze. 20: 20.
8. How long was the Sabbath to be a sign of the true God?
"It is a sign between Me and the children of Israel forever:
for in six days the Lord made heaven and earth, and on the sev-
enth day He rested, and was refreshed." Ex. 31: 17.
 GOD'S MEMORIAL 311
NOTE.— It is manifest that if the object of the Sabbath was to keep
God as the Creator in mind, and it had been faithfully kept from the first,
there would not now be a heathen or an idolater on the face of the earth.

9. What besides creation were Israel to remember when

they kept the Sabbath?
"And remember that thou vast a servant in the land of Egypt,
and that the Lord thy God brought thee out thence through a mighty
hand and by a stretched-out arm: therefore the Lord thy God
commanded thee to keep the Sabbath day." Deut. 5: 15.
NOTE.— There is a deep significance to this scripture not apparent
to those unacquainted with the facts. In Egypt, through oppression and
idolatrous surroundings, the keeping of the Sabbath had become not only
almost obsolete, but well-nigh impossible. See reading on "Reasons for
Sabbath-Keeping," under questions 9 and 10, page 312. Their deliverance
from bondage was in order that they might keep God's law (Ps. 105: 43-45),
and particularly the Sabbath, the great seal, sign, and memorial-institu-
tion of the law. The recollection of their bondage and oppressed condition
in Egypt was to be an additional incentive for keeping the Sabbath in the
land of freedom. The Sabbath, therefore, besides being a memorial of
creation, was to be to them a memorial of their deliverance from bondage,
and of the great power of God as manifested in this deliverance. And as
Egypt stands as a symbol of the condition of every one in the world under
the slavery of sin, so the Sabbath is to be kept by every saved soul as a
memorial of the deliverance from this slavery by the mighty power of God
through Christ.

10. Of what else does God say He gave the Sabbath to His
people to be a sign, or reminder?
"Moreover also I gave them My Sabbaths, to be a sign be-
tween Me and them, that they might know that I am the Lord
that sanctify them." Eze. 20: 12.
NOTE.— Sanctification is a work of redemption,-- of making holy
sinful or unholy beings. Like the work of creation itself, this requires
creative power. See Ps. 51: 10; John 3: 3, 6; Eph. 2: 10. And as the
Sabbath is the appropriate sign or memorial of the creative power of God
wherever displayed, whether in creation, deliverance from human bondage,
or deliverance from the slavery of sin, it is to be kept as a sign of the work
of sanctification. This will be one great reason for the saints' keeping it
throughout eternity. It will remind them not only of their own creation
and the creation of the universe, but also of their redemption.

11. Through whom do we have sanctification?

"But of Him are ye in Christ Jesus, who of God is made unto
us wisdom, and righteousness, and sanctification, and redemp-
tion." 1 Cor. 1: 30.
NorrE.—Then, as the Sabbath is a sign or memorial of sanctification,
and as Christ is the one through whom the work of sanctification is accom-
plished, the Sabbath is a sign or memorial of what Christ is to the believer.
Through the Sabbath, therefore, God designed that the believer and Christ
should be very closely linked together.
312 BIBLE READINGS

12. What statement of the redeemed shows that they will

remember God's creative power?
"Thou art worthy, 0 Lord, to receive glory and honor and
power: for Thou bast created all things, and for Thy pleasure
they are and were created." Rev. 4: 11.
13. How often will they congregate to worship the Lord?
"For as the new heavens and the new earth, which I will
make, shall remain before Me, saith the Lord, so shall your
seed and your name remain. And it shall come to pass, that
from one new moon to another, and from one Sabbath to another,
shall all flesh come to worship before Me, saith the Lord."
Isa. 66: 22, 23.
NOTE.- The Sabbath, which is the memorial of God's creative power,
will never cease to exist. When this sinful state of things shall give way
to the sinless new earth, the fact upon which the Sabbath institution is
based will still remain; and those who shall be permitted to live in the new
earth will still commemorate the creative power of God, while singing the
song of Moses and the Lamb. Rev. 15: 3. See Rev. 22: 1, 2.

REASONS FOR SABBATH-KEEPING

1. WHAT is the one great feature by which the true God is
distinguished from all false gods?
"The Lord is the true God, He is the living God, and an
everlasting king. . . . The gods that have not made the
heavens and the earth, even they shall perish from the earth, and
from under these heavens. He hath made the earth by his power,
He hath established the world by His wisdom, and hath stretched
out the heavens by His discretion." Jer. 10: 10-12.
2. When Paul wished to preach the true God to the idola-
trous Athenians, how did he describe Him?
"Whom therefore ye ignorantly worship, Him declare I
unto you. God that made the world and all things therein."
Acts 17: 23, 24.
3. What did the apostles say to the idolaters at Lystra?
"We . . . preach unto you that ye should turn from
these vanities unto the living God, which made heaven, and earth,
and the sea, and all things that are therein." Acts 14: 15. See
also Rev. 10:6; 14:6, 7.
4. What reason is given in the fourth commandment for
keeping the Sabbath day holy?
"For in six days the Lord made heaven and earth, the
 REASONS FOR SABBATH-KEEPING 313

sea, and all that in them is, and rested the seventh day."
Ex. 20: 11.
NOTES.— The Sabbath is the great memorial of creation and of God's
creative power, a constant reminder of the true and living God. God's
design in making the Sabbath, and in commanding that it be kept holy,
was that man might never forget Him, the Creator of all things.
"The original Sabbath being a perpetual memorial of God, the Creator
calling man to imitate God in the observance of the same, man could not
keep the original Sabbath and forget God."— Prof. E. W. Thomas, M. A.,
in Herald of Gospel Liberty, June 19, 1890.
When we remember that two thirds of the world's inhabitants today
are idolaters, and that since the fall, idolatry, with its train of associated
and resultant evils, has ever been a prevailing sin, and then think that the
observance of the Sabbath, as God ordained it, would have prevented all
this, we can better appreciate the value of the Sabbath institution, and the
importance of Sabbath-keeping.
5. What does God say the Sabbath will be to those who
hallow it, or keep it holy?
"And hallow My Sabbaths; and they shall be a sign between
Me and you, that ye may know that I am the Lord your God."
Eze. 20: 20.
6. How important is it that we know God?
"And this is life eternal, that they might know Thee the only
true God, and Jesus Christ, whom Thou hast sent." John 17: 3.
7. Is there any danger of God's chosen people forgetting
Him?
"Beware that thou forget not the Lord thy God, in not keeping
His commandments, and His judgments, and His statutes."
Deut. 8: 11.
8. What other reason is given for keeping the Sabbath?
"Verily My Sabbaths ye shall keep: for it is a sign between
Me and you throughout your generations; that ye may know that
I am the Lord that cloth SANCTIFY you." Ex. 31: 13.
NOTE.— To sanctify is to make holy, or to set apart for a holy use.
The sanctification, or making holy, of sinful beings can be wrought only
by the creative power of God through Christ by the Holy Spirit. In 1
Cor. 1: 30 we are told that Christ is made unto us "sanctification;" and in
Eph. 2: 10 it is said that "we are His workmanship, created in Christ Jesus
unto good works." The Sabbath, therefore, is a sign of sanctification, and
thus of what Christ is to the believer, because it is a reminder of the creative
power of God as manifested in the work of regeneration. It is the sign
of the power of God, therefore, in both creation and redemption. To the
believer, it is the evidence, or sign, that he knows the true God, who,
through Christ, created all things, and who, through Christ, redeems the
sinner and makes him whole.
9. What special reason did the Israelites have for keeping
the Sabbath?
314 BIBLE READINGS

"And remember that thou wast a servant in the land of Egypt,

and that the Lord thy God brought thee out thence through a mighty
hand and by a stretched-out arm: therefore the Lord thy God
commanded thee to keep the Sabbath day." Deut. 5: 15.
NOTE.— In their bondage the Israelites had to some extent lost the
knowledge of God, and departed from His precepts. The Sabbath came
to be greatly disregarded by them; and in consequence of the oppression
of the Pharaohs, especially the Pharaoh of the exodus, as witnessed by
the rigorous exactions made upon them by this latter king through their
taskmasters, its observance was made apparently impossible. See Ex.
5: 1-19. The special point, both of reform and of conflict, just preceding
their deliverance from bondage, was over the matter of Sabbath observance.
Moses and Aaron had shown them that obedience to God was the first con-
dition of deliverance. Their efforts to restore the observance of the Sab-
bath among the Israelites had come to the notice of Pharaoh; hence his
accusation against them, "Wherefore do ye, Moses and Aaron, let [hinder]
the people from their works? get you unto your burdens. . . . Be-
hold, the people of the land are many, and ye make them rest [Heb., Shab-
bath] from their burdens." Ex. 5: 4, 5. Deliverance from this oppression
was indeed, therefore, an additional and special reason for their keeping
the Sabbath. But Egypt and Egyptian bondage simply represent sin and
the bondage of sin. See Rev. 11:8• Hosea 11:1; Matt. 2: 15; Zech. 10:
10. Every one, therefore, who has been delivered from sin has the same
reason for keeping the Sabbath as had the Israelites who were released from
Egyptian bondage.

10. What does the psalmist say was the reason why God
brought His people out of Egypt, and placed them in Canaan?
"And He brought forth His people with joy, and His chosen
with gladness: and gave them the lands of the heathen: .
that they might observe His statutes, and keep His laws." Ps.
105: 43-45.
NOTE.— Their deliverance from Egyptian bondage was a reason for
the keeping not only of the fourth commandment, but of every precept
of God's law. This is indicated by the preface or preamble to the law as
given on Sinai: "I am the Lord thy God, which have brought thee out of
the land of Egypt, out of the house of bondage. Thou shalt have no other
gods before Me," etc. Ex. 20:2, 3. See also Lev. 19: 35-37; Deut. 10:
19; 15: 12-15; 24: 17, 18. Likewise, every one who, through Christ, has
been delivered from the bondage of sin, God calls to obedience, not only
in the matter of Sabbath-keeping, but to every precept of His holy law.
"Blessed is the man that doeth this, and the son of man that layeth hold
on it; that keepeth the Sabbath from polluting it, and keepeth his hand from
doing any evil." Isa. 56: 2.

11. What is the meaning of the word sabbath?

Rest.
Nome.— Previous to the fall, God designed that man's time should
be occupied with pleasant, invigorating, but not wearisome labor. Gen.
2: 15. Laborious, wearisome toil came in consequence of sin. Gen. 3:
17-19. While under the fall the Sabbath, therefore, may bring physical
rest to both man and the beasts of burden (Ex. 23: 12) in a way not orig-
 REASONS FOR SABBATH-KEEPING 315
inally intended, physical rest was not its original and primary design or
purpose. Cessation from the ordinary labors and occupations of the
week was ordained, not because these are wrong or sinful in themselves,
but that man might have an appointed time and a frequently recurring
period for the contemplation of the Creator and His works. Under the
gospel, the Sabbath is a sign of spiritual rest and freedom from sin. So we
mad,." For he that is entered into His rest, he also hath ceased from his
own works, as God did from His." Heb. 4: 10.
12. Who gives this rest from sin?
"Come unto Me, all ye that labor and are heavy-laden, and
I will give you rest. Take My yoke upon you, and learn of Me;
for I am meek and lowly in heart: and ye shall find rest unto
your souls." Matt. 11: 28, 29.
NoTE.— The Sabbath, then, is the sign of the soul-rest which Christ
gives to the weary and ladened with sin.
13. Was the Sabbath intended as a day for public worship?
"Six days shall work be done: but the seventh day is the
Sabbath of rest, an holy convocation." Lev. 23: 3.
NOTE.— A convocation is an assembly of people.
14. Does the New Testament teach the same duty?
" Let us consider one another to provoke unto love and to
good works: not forsaking the assembling of ourselves together, as
the manner of some is; but exhorting one another: and so
much the more, as ye see the day approaching." Heb. 10:24, 25.
15. What does Malachi say of those that fear the Lord?
"Then they that feared the Lord spake often one to another:
and the Lord harkened, and heard it, and a book of remem-
brance was written before Him for them that feared the Lord,
and that thought upon His name. And they shall be Mine,
saith the Lord of hosts, in that day when I make up My jewels;
and I will spare them, as a man spareth his own son that serveth
him." Mal. 3: 16, 17.
16. Will the Sabbath be observed as a day of worship in the
new earth?
"For as the new heavens and the new earth, which I will
make, shall remain before Me, saith the Lord, so shall your seed
and your name remain. And it shall come to pass, that from
one new moon to another, and from one Sabbath to another, shall
all flesh come to worship before Me, saith the Lord." Isa. 66:
22, 23.
NoTE.— "Thou halt made us for Thyself, and our heart is MUMS
till it find its rest in Thee."— St. Augustine,
 MANNER OF OBSERVING THE SABBATH
1. WHAT is first commanded in the Sabbath commandment?
"Remember the Sabbath day." Ex. 20: 8.
2. Which day is the Sabbath?
"The seventh day is the Sabbath." Verse 10.
3. For what purpose are we to remember the Sabbath day?
"Remember the Sabbath day, to keep it holy." Verse 8.
NOTE.—All through the week we are to "remember the Sabbath day,
to keep it holy." This means that all our plans are to be laid and all our
business adjusted with reference to the Sabbath, the object of which is to
help us to keep in mind the truth that God is the creator of all things.
This is just as essential to spiritual growth during the six working days as
upon the Sabbath itself. We are to remember that day, also, that when
it comes we may not be tempted by circumstances of our own creating to
treat it, or any part of it, as secular, or common time. Thus the Sabbath
commandment is to be obeyed every day, though the Sabbath itself can
be kept, or observed, only upon the seventh day, for "the seventh day is
the Sabbath."
4. Who made the Sabbath day holy?
"Wherefore the Lord blessed the Sabbath day, and hallowed
it." Verse, 11.
NOTE.— God made the Sabbath day holy; we are to keep it holy.
5. What is it that makes a thing holy?
God's presence in it. See Ex. 3: 5; 29: 43-46; Joshua 5:
13-15.
6. Then in order to keep the Sabbath day holy, what must
be recognized?
God's presence in the day; His blessing upon it; and His
sanctification of it.
7. When, according to the Bible, does the Sabbath begin?
"And the evening and the morning were the first day."
"And the evening and the morning were the second day," etc.
See Gen. 1: 5, 8, 13, 19, 23, 31.
Nom— The evening begins " at the going down of the sun." See
Deut. 16:6; Mark 1:32; Deut. 23:11; 1 Kings 22:35, 36; 2 Chron. 18:34.
8. Does the Bible recognize this as the proper time for be-
ginning and ending the Sabbath?
"From even unto even, shall ye celebrate your Sabbath."
Lev. 23: 32.
[316]
 MANNER OF OBSERVING THE SABBATH 317
NOTE.— One great advantage of keeping the Sabbath according to
the Bible method of reckoning the day, that is, from sunset to sunset, over
keeping it according to the Roman reckoning, or from midnight to mid-
night, is that by the former one is awake to welcome and to bid adieu to the
day when it comes and goe,sywhile by the latter he is asleep when the day
begins and ends. God's ways are always best. The setting (+the sun is
a great natural sign for marking the division of time into days.
9. What kind of labor is to be done through the week?
"Six days shalt thou labor, and do all thy work." Ex. 20: 9.
10. Is any of this kind of work to be done on the Sabbath?
"In it thou shalt not do any work." Verse 10.
NOTE.— If the Sabbath is to be kept "holy," mere physical rest one
day in seven cannot be the great object of the Sabbath institution.
11.. How does the Lord, through the prophet Isaiah, indi-
cate what is true Sabbath-keeping?
"If thou turn away thy foot from the Sabbath, from doing thy
pleasure on My holy day; and call the Sabbath a delight, the holy
of the Lord, honorable; and shalt honor Him, not doing thine own
ways, nor finding- thine own pleasure, nor speaking thine own
words: then shalt thou delight thyself in the Lord; and I will cause
thee to ride upon the high places of the earth, and feed thee
with the heritage of Jacob thy father: for the mouth of the Lord
hath spoken it." Isa. 58: 13, 14. •
NOTE.— "Whether the Sabbath becomes a delight or a burden de-
pends upon the spirit with which a man meets it. Indeed, the spirit of
the man settles the question as to the benefits to come from any duty he
may perform. One man 'cannot understand why his neighbor should pre-
fer the park or the ball ground to the church, simply because his spirit is
different. He has cultivated the higher nature until he loves spiritual
things above all others, and to him the Sabbath is indeed a delight. It
comes to his weary soul as a reminder of God, and brings him nearer to
heaven in heart and mind than does any other day."— Sabbath Recorder,
Dec. 12, 1910.
12. What is the character of God, and how only can He be
truly worshiped?
"God is a Spirit: and they that worship Him must worship
Him in spirit and in truth." John 4: 24.
NOTE.— This is one reason why the attempt to produce Sabbath-
keeping by human Sabbath laws is altogether out of place. Such laws can
never produce true Sabbath-keeping, for that is spiritual, and must be of
the mind and from the heart, and not perfunctory, mechanical, nor of force.
13. What is one thing for which God has given the Sabbath
to be a sign?
That He sanctifies His people, or makes them holy. See
Ex. 31: 13; Eze. 20: 12; and page 311.
318 BIBLE READINGS
14. What does the "psalm for the Sabbath day" suggest
as proper acts and themes for thought and meditation on the
Sabbath?
"It i4 a good thing to give thanks unto the Lord, and to sing
praises unto Thy name, 0 Most High: to show forth Thy loving-
kindness in the morning, and Thy faithfulness every night, upon
an instrument of ten strings, and upon the psaltery; upon the harp
with a solemn sound. For Thou, Lord, halt made me glad
through Thy work: I will triumph in the works of Thy hands. 0
Lord, how great are Thy works! and Thy thoughts are very deep."
Ps. 92: 1-5.
15. What do the works of God declare?
"The heavens declare the glory of God; and the firmament
showeth His handiwork. Day unto day uttereth speech, and
night unto night showeth knowledge. There is no speech nor
language, where their voice is not heard." Ps. 19: 1-3. See
margin.
NOTE.— God designed that the Sabbath should direct the minds of
men to His created works, and through these to Him, ale Creator. Nature
itself speaks to our senses, telling us that there is a God, the Creator and
Supreme Ruler of the universe. The Sabbath, ever pointing to God
through nature, was designed to keep the Creator constantly in mind.
The proper keeping of it, therefore, must naturally tend to prevent idolatry,
atheism, agnosticism, infidelity, irreligion, and irreverence; and, being
promotive of the knowledge and fear of God, must of necessity be a de-
terrent to sin. In this may its value and importance be seen.
16. Was the Sabbath designed to be a day for public worship?
"Six days shall work be done: but the seventh day is the
Sabbath of rest, an holy convocation." Lev. 23: 3.
NOTE.— The word convocation means "a calling together," and is
always used in the Bible with reference to meetings of a religious character.
17. What example did Christ set in Sabbath observance?
"And as His custom was, He went into the synagogue on the
Sabbath day, and stood up for to read." Luke 4: 16.
18. What else did Jesus do on the Sabbath?
"And it was the Sabbath day when Jesus made the clay,
and opened his eyes." John 9: 14.
NOTE.— A large share of Christ's ministry consisted of miracles and
acts of mercy performed for the relief of suffering humanity; and not a few
of these were done on the Sabbath. On this day, as on other days, He
"went about doing good." See next reading.
19. With what words did He justify acts of mercy on the
Sabbath day?
 MANNER OF OBSERVING THE SABBATH 319
"Wherefore it is lawful to do well on the Sabbath days."
Matt. 12: 12.
NOTE.— Not a little of Christ's earthly ministry was devoted to up-
lifting the Sabbath, and showing the beneficent character of the Sabbath
institution. It was not meant to be a day of sorrow, austerity, or gloom.
Disinterested works of love and mercy toward man or beast are always in
place on the Sabbath. Lawful means according to law."
20. What day is especially indicated as the day to prepare
for the Sabbath?
"And that day [the sixth day] was the preparation, and the
Sabbath drew on." Luke 23: 54. See also Ex. 16:22, 23.
NOTE.— In order to keep the Sabbath day holy, it must be remem-
bered all through the week; and on the sixth day, or the day just before
the Sabbath, special preparation should be made to be ready to welcome
and observe the day when it comes.
21. How did the Israelites in the wilderness on the sixth
day prepare for the Sabbath?
"And it came to pass, that on the sixth day they gathered
twice as much bread, two omers for one man." Ex. 16: 22.
NOTES.— The Sabbath should not be a day of either ordinary labor,
idleness, or amusement, but one of rest, reflection, holy joy,worship, and
helpfulness. It should be the happiest, the brightest, and the best of all
the week. Such it should be made for young and old. Very early the
children can be taught the stories of creation and redemption, and taken
out amid the handiworks of God and taught to see Him and to commune
with Him through nature. Prenaration for the Sabbath, therefore, is an
essential to its proper observance. God's blessing is upon the first mo-
ments of the Sabbath as well as upon the last; and, as far as possible, every-
thing should be got in readiness so that the entire day may be devoted to
God and humanity in the manner indicated.
In making the Sabbath, God rested upon, blessed, and sanctified the
day. Ex. 20: 11. Whoever, then, keeps the Sabbath aright, may expect
that there will be brought into his life God's rest, blessing, and sanctification.

CHRIST AND THE SABBATH

1. OF what did Christ say the Son of man is Lord?
"The Son of man is Lord even of the Sabbath day." Matt.
12:8. See also Mark 2:28.
2. Who made the Sabbath?
"All things were made by Him [Christ, the Word]; and with-
out Him was not anything made that was made." John 1: 3.
3. Did Christ, while on earth, keep the Sabbath?
"As His custom was, He went into the synagogue on the Sab-
bath day, and stood up for to read." Luke 4: 16.
320 BIBLE READINGS
4. Although Lord, Maker, and an observer of the Sabbath,
how was He watched and spied upon by the scribes and Pharir
sees on this day?
"And the scribes and Pharisees watched Him, whether He
would heal on the Sabbath day; that they might find an accusa-
tion against Him." Luke 6: 7.
5. With what question did Christ meet their false ideas and
reasonings regarding Sabbath-keeping?
"Then said Jesus unto them, I will ask you one thing; Is
it lawful on the Sabbath days to do good, or to do evil? to save life,
or to destroy it?" Verse 9.
6. How did they manifest their displeasure at His healing
the man with the withered hand on the Sabbath?
"And they were filled with madness; and communed one with
another what they might do to Jesus." Verse 11. "And the
Pharisees went forth, and straightway took counsel with the
Herodians against Him, how they might destroy Him." Mark
3:6.
Nom.— They were angry because, notwithstanding the fact that by
the miracle performed Christ had given evidence that He was from God,
He had shown no respect for their views of Sabbath-keeping, but, on the con-
trary, had shown these to be wrong. Wounded pride, obstinacy, and
malice, therefore, combined to fill them with madness; and they went out
immediately and held council with the Herodians,— their political enemies
with whom they disagreed in the matter of paying tribute to a foreign
power,— for the purpose of accomplishing His death.
7. Because Jesus healed a man on the Sabbath day, and
told him to take up his bed and walk, what did the Jews do?
"Therefore did the Jews persecute Jesus, and sought to slay
Him, because He had done these things on the Sabbath day."
John 5: 16.
Nom.— It is a fact worthy of note that over the question of proper
Sabbath observance the Jews not only persecuted Jesus, but first took
counsel to kill Him. Not the least of the malice which finally culminated
in His crucifixion, was engendered over this very question of Sabbath ob-
servance. Christ did not keep the Sabbath according to their ideas of
Sabbath-keeping, and so they sought to kill Him. And they are not
alone. Many today are cherishing this same spirit. Because some do not
agree with their ideas regarding the Sabbath, or Sabbath observance, they
seek to persecute and oppress them,— seek laws, and alliances with political
powers, to compel respect for their views.
8. How did Jesus answer them?
"But Jesus answered them, My Father worketh hitherto, and
I work." Verse 17.
NOTE.- The ordinary operations of nature, as manifested in God's
 CHRIST AND THE SABBATH 321
almighty, upholding, beneficent, and healing power, go on on the Sabbath
the same as on other days; and to cooperate with God and nature in the
work of healing, relieving, and restoring on the Sabbath, cannot, there-
:ore, be out of harmony with God's will, nor a violation of His Sabbath law.
9. What effect did this answer have upon the Jews?
"Therefore the Jews sought the more to kill Him, because
He not only had broken the Sabbath [i. e., in. their estimation],
but said also that God was His Father, making Himself equal
with God." Verse 18.
10. Because the disciples plucked a few ears of corn on the
Sabbath day to satisfy hunger, what accusation did the Phari-
sees make against them•to Christ?
"And the Pharisees said unto Him, Behold, why do they on
the Sabbath day that which is not lawful?" Mark 2: 24.
11. What was Christ's reply?
"And He said unto them, Have ye never read what David
did, when he had need, and was an hungered, he, and they that
were with him? how he went into the house of God in the days
of Abiathar the high priest, and did eat the showbread, which
is not lawful to eat but for the priests, and gave also to them
which were with him? And He said unto them, The Sabbath was
made for man, and not man for the Sabbath." Verses 25-27.
12. Because of Christ's healing a woman of an infirmity on
the Sabbath, what did the ruler of a certain synagogue say?
"And the ruler of the synagogue answered with indignation,
because that Jesus had healed on the Sabbath day, and said unto
the people, There are six days in which men ought to work: in
them therefore come and be healed, and not on the Sabbath day."
Luke 13: 14.
13. How did Christ answer him?
"The Lord then answered him, and said, Thou hypocrite,
doth not each one of you on the Sabbath loose his ox or his ass
from the stall, and lead him away to watering? and ought not
this woman, being a daughter of Abraham, whom Satan hath
bound, lo, these eighteen years, be loosed from this bond on the
Sabbath day?" Verses 15, 16.
14. What effect did Christ's answers have upon the people?
"And when He had said these things, all His adversaries
were ashamed: and all the people rejoiced for all the glorious things
that were done by Him." Verse 17.
21
322 BIBLE READINGS
15. By what • method of reasoning did Christ justify acts
of mercy on the Sabbath day?
"Which of you shall have an ass or an ox fallen into a pit,
and will not straightway pull him out on the Sabbath day?
And they could not answer Him again to these things." Luke
14: 5, 6. "What man shall there be among you, that shall have
one sheep, and if it fall into a pit on the Sabbath day, will he
not lay hold on it, and lift it out? How much then is a man
better than a sheep? Wherefore it is lawful to do well on the
Sabbath days." Matt. 12:11, 12.
16. Into what perplexity did Christ's working of miracles
on the Sabbath throw the Pharisees?
"Therefore said some of the Pharisees, This man is not of
God, because He keepeth not the Sabbath day. Others said, How
can a man that is a sinner do such miracles? And there was a
division among them." John 9: 16.
Now.-- The working of these wonderful, beneficent, and gracious
miracles on the Sabbath was an evidence that Christ was from God, and
that His views of Sabbath-keeping were right. By these miracles God
was setting the seal of His approval to Christ's views and teachings re-
specting the Sabbath, and to His manner of observing it, and thus con-
demning the narrow and false views of the Pharisees. Hence the division.
17. According to Isaiah, what was Christ to do with the law?
"He will magnify the law, and make it honorable." Isa.
42:21.
NOTES.-- In nothing, perhaps, was this more strikingly fulfilled than
in the matter of Sabbath observance. By their traditions, numerous
regulations, and senseless restrictions the Jews had made the Sabbath a
burden, and anything but a delight. Christ removed all these, and by
His life and teachings put the Sabbath back in its proper place and setting,
as a day of worship and beneficence, a day for doing acts of charity and
mercy, as well as engaging in contemplation of God and in acts of devotion.
Thus He magnified it and made it honorable. One of the most prominent
features of Christ's whole ministry was this great work of Sabbath reform.
Christ did not abolish the Sabbath, nor change the Sabbath; but He did
rescue it from the rubbish of tradition, the false ideas, and the superstitions
with which it had been buried, and by which it had been degraded and
turned aside from the channel of blessing and practical service to man
designed by its Maker. The Pharisees had placed the institution above
man, and against man. Christ reversed the order, and said, "The Sab-
bath was made for man, and not man for the Sabbath." He showed that
it was to minister to the happiness, the comfort, and the well-being of both
man and beast.
Because of the false ideas which the Jews held concerning the Sabbath
and its observance, and the conflict which Christ had with them in con-
sequence, many of the professed followers of Christ a little later were led
into the error of rejecting the Sabbath itself as Jewish, and, without any
divine command or Scripture warrant, to substitute another day in its place.
18. Knowing that the unbelieving Jews would still cling to
 CHRIST AND THE SABBATH 323
their false ideas respecting the Sabbath, and that flight from
Jerusalem and Judea on that day would be attended with diffi-
culty, for what, in view of the coming destruction and desolation
of the city and people, did Christ tell His disciples to pray?
"But pray ye that your flight be not in the winter, neither
on the Sabbath day." Matt. 24:.20.
Nov.— Christ's experience with the Jews, the chosen and professed
people of God at that time, respecting the Sabbath is but a type of what,
according to prophecy, is to occur in the last days. Already it is begin-
ning to find, its parallel in the movement to enforce Sunday observance by
law. See readings on pages 191, 364, 368.

THE SABBATH IN THE NEW TESTAMENT

1. ACCORDING to the New Testament, what day immediately
precedes the first day of the week?
"In the end of the Sabbath, as it began to dawn toward the
first day of the week." Matt. 28: 1.
Nov.—
E According to the New Testament, therefore, the Sabbath
had passed when the first day of the week began.
2. After the crucifixion, what day was kept by the women
who followed Jesus?
"And they returned, and prepared spices and ointments;
and rested the Sabbath day according to the commandment." . Luke
23: 56.
3. What day is the Sabbath, "according to the command-
ment"?
"But the seventh day is the Sabbath of the Lord thy God."
Ex. 20: 10.
4. What was Christ's custom respecting the Sabbath?
"And He came to Nazareth, where He had been brought
up: and, as His custom was, He went into the synagogue on the
Sabbath day, and stood up for to read." Luke 4: 16.
5. In what instruction to His disciples did Christ recognize
the existence of the Sabbath long after His ascension?
"But pray ye that your flight be not in the winter, neither
on the Sabbath day." Matt. 24: 20.
Nom.— The destruction of Jerusalem under Titus occurred in the
spring and summer of 70 A. D. The flight of the Christians took place three
and one-half years earlier, or late in October, 66 A. D., following the arrival
and sudden withdrawal of Cestius and his army. See pages 227 228.
6. On what day did the Jews meet for worship?
324 BIBLE READINGS
" Moses of old time hath in every city them that preach him,
being read in the synagogues every Sabbath day." Acts 15:21.
7. On what day did Paul and Barnabas preach at Antioch?
"They came to Antioch in Pisidia, and went into the syna-
gogue on the Sabbath day." Acts 13: 14.
8. When did the Gentiles request that Paul should repeat
the sermon he had preached at Antioch on the Sabbath?
"And when the Jews were gone out of the synagogue, the
Gentiles besought that these words might be preached to them
the next Sabbath." Verse 42.
9. On what day did Paul and his companions preach to the
devout women at Philippi?
"And on the Sabbath we went out of the city by a riverside,
where prayer was wont to be made; and we sat down, and spake
unto the women which resorted thither." Acts 16: 13.
10. What was Paul's manner respecting the Sabbath?
"They came to Thessalonica, where was a synagogue of the
Jews: and Paul, as his manner was, went in unto them, and three
Sabbath days reasoned with them out of the Scriptures." Acts
17: 1, 2.
NOTE.— It was Paul's manner, as it was Christ's custom (Luke 4: 16),
to attend religious services on the Sabbath.
11. How did the apostle spend the working days of the week
when at Corinth?
"After these things Paul departed from Athens, and came
to Corinth; and found a certain Jew named Aquila, born in
Pontus, lately come from Italy, with his wife Priscilla; . . .
and because he was of the same craft, he abode with them, and
wrought: for by their occupation they were tent-makers." Acts
18: 1-3. See Eze. 46: 1.
12. What did he do on the Sabbath days?
"And he reasoned in the synagogue every Sabbath, and per-
suaded the Jews and the fireeks." Acts 18:4.
13. How long did he continue this work there?
"And he continued there a year and six months, teaching
the word of God among them." Verse 11.
NOTE.—While this text does not definitely prove that the apostle held
seventy-eight Sabbath meetings in Corinth, it does show conclusively that
it was his custom to observe that day by devoting it to religious purposes.
The careful student will not fail to note that the statement of Acts 18:4,
 THE SABBATH IN THE NEW TESTAMENT 325
that he reasoned in the synagogue every Sabbath, applies only to the com-
paratively brief period of time during which he was permitted the use of
the synagogue. But the history of the apostle's work as recorded in the
book of Acts fully warrants us in believing that wherever he was, the apos-
tle Paul utilized to the full every opportunity to pursue his gospel work on
the Sabbath. The same is true, not only of the apostles, but of all Chris-
tians during the first three centuries of the Christian era.
14. On what day was John in the Spirit?
"I was in the Spirit on the Lord's day." Rev. 1: 10.
15. Who is Lord of the Sabbath?
" The Son of man is Lord also of the Sabbath." Mark 2:28.
16. What, through the prophet Isaiah, does the Lord call
the Sabbath?
"If thou turn away thy foot from the Sabbath, from doing
thy pleasure on My holy day." Isa. 58: 13.
17. Why does the Lord call the Sabbath His day?
"For in six days the Lord made heaven and earth, the sea,
and all that in them is, and rested the seventh day: wherefore
the Lord blessed the Sabbath day, and hallowed it." Ex. 20:11.
18. Through whom did God create the world?
"God . . . hath in these last days spoken unto us by His
Son, . . . by whom also He made the worlds." Heb. 1:1, 2.
NOTES.- From beginning to end, the Bible recognizes but one weekly
Sabbath,— the day upon which God rested in the beginning; which was
made known to Israel at Sinai (Neh. 9: 13, 14); was observed by Christ
and His apostles; and is to be kept by the redeemed in the world to come.
Isa. 66:22, 23.
The terms Sabbath, Sabbaths, and Sabbath days occur sixty times in
the New Testament, and in every case but one refer to the seventh day.
In Col. 2: 16, 17, reference is made to the annual sabbaths connected with
the three annual feasts observed by Israel before the first advent of Christ.
The first day of the week is mentioned but eight times in the New
Testament, six of which are found in the four Gospels, and refer to the day
on which Christ arose from the dead. See Matt. 28: 1; Mark 16: 2, 9;
Luke 24: 1; John 20: 1, 19. The other two (Acts 20: 7; 1 Cor. 16:2) refer
to the only religious meeting held on the first day of the week after the
ascension, in apostolic times, recorded in the New Testament, and to a
systematic accounting and laying by in store at home on that day for the
poor saints in Judea and Jerusalem.
It is evident, therefore, that the Sabbath of the New Testament is the
same as the Sabbath of the Old Testament, and that there is nothing in the
New Testament setting aside the seventh-day Sabbath, and putting the
first day of the week in its place.
 The Law of God
AS GIVEN BY JEHOVAH AS CHANGED BY MAN
.
I
Thou shalt have no other gods I am the Lord thy God : thou
before Me. shalt not have strange gods be-
II fore Me.
Thou shalt not make unto thee
any graven image, or any like-
ness of anything that is in
heaven above, or that is in the
earth beneath, or that is in the
water Wunder the earth: thou
shalt not bow down thyself to
them, nor serve them : for I the
Lord thy God am a jealous God,
visiting the iniquity of the fa-
thers upon the children unto the
third and fourth generation of
them that hate Me ; and showing
mercy unto thousands of them
that love Me, and keep My com-
mandments.
III II
Thou shalt not take the name Thou shalt not take the name
of the Lord thy God in vain ; for of the Lord thy God in vain.
the Lord will not hold him guilt-
less that taketh His name in vain.
IV III
Remember the Sabbath day, to Remember that thou keep holy
keep it holy. Six days shalt thou the Sabbath day.
labor, and do all thy work : but
the seventh day is the Sabbath of
the Lord thy God : in it thou
shalt not do any work, thou, nor
thy son, nor thy daughter, thy
man servant, nor thy maid eerv-
ant, nor thy cattle, nor thy
stranger that is within thy gates :
for in six days the Lord made
heaven and earth, the sea, and
all that in them is, and rested
the seventh day: wherefore the
Lord blessed the Sabbath day,
and hallowed it.
V IV
Honor thy father and thy Honor thy father and thy mother.
mother: that thy days may be
long upon the land which the
Lord thy God glveth thee.
VI V
Thou shalt not kill. Thou shalt not kill.
VII VI
Thou shalt not commit adultery. Thou shalt not commit adultery.
VIII VII
Thou shalt not steal. Thou shalt not steal.
IX VIII
Thou shalt not bear false wit- Thou shalt not bear false wit-
ness against thy neighbor. ness against thy neighbor.
X IX
Thou shalt not covet thy neigh- Thou shalt not covet thy neigh-
bor's house, thou shalt not covet bor's wife.
thy neighbor's wife, nor his man
servant, nor his maid servant, X
nor his ox, nor his ass, nor any- Thou shalt not covet thy neigh-
thing that is thy neighbor's. bor's goods.
(Ex. 20:3-17.) (Butler's Catechism, page 28.)
 THE CHANGE OF THE SABBATH
1. OF what is the Sabbath commandment a part?
The law of God. See Ex. 20: 8-11.
2. What, according to prophecy, was to be Christ's attitude
toward the law?
"The Lord is well pleased for His righteousness' sake; He
will magnify the law, and make it honorable." Isa. 42:21.
3. In His first recorded discourse, what did Christ say of
the law?
"Think not that I am come to destroy the law, or the proph-
ets: I am not come to destroy, but to fulfil." Matt. 5: 17.
4. How enduring did He say the law is?
"For verily I say unto you, Till heaven and earth pass, one
jot or one tittle shall in no wise pass from the law, till all be
fulfilled." Verse 18.
5. What did He say of those who should break one of the
least of God's commandments, and teach men so to do?
"Whosoever therefore shall break one of these least com-
mandments, and shall teach men so, he shall be called the least
in the kingdom .of heaven." Verse 19.
NOTE.- From this it is evident that the entire code of ten command-
ments is binding. in the Christian dispensations and that Christ had no
thought of changing any of them. One of these commands the observance
of the seventh day as the Sabbath. But the practise of most Christians
is different; they keep the first day of the week instead, many of them be-
lieving that Christ changed the Sabbath. But, from His own words, we
see that He came for no such purpose. The responsibility for this change
must therefore be looked for elsewhere.
6. What did God, through the prophet Daniel, say the
power represented by the "little horn" would think to do?
"And he shall speak words against the Most High, and shall
wear out the saints of the Most High: and he shall think to change
the times and the law." Dan. 7: 25, R. V.
NOTE.- For a full explanation of this symbol, see readings on "The
Kingdom and Work of Antichrist" and "The Vicar of Christ," pages
147, 152.
7. What did the apostle Paul say the "man of sin" would do?
"For that day shall not come, except there come a falling
away first, and that man of sin be revealed, the son of perdition;
who opposeth and exalteth himself above all that is called God, or
that is worshiped." 2 Thess. 2: 3, 4.
[327]
328 BIBLE READINGS
NOTE.— There is only one way by which any power could exalt itself
above God, and that is by assuming to change the law of God, and to re-
quire obedience to its own law instead of God's law.
8. What power has claimed authority to change the law of
God?
The Papacy.
9. What part of the law of God especially has the Papacy
thought to change?
The fourth commandment.
NOTES.— "They [the Catholics] allege the Sabbath changed into Sun-
day, the Lord's day, contrary to the decalogue, as it appears; neither is
there any example more boasted of than the changing of the Sabbath day.
Great, say they, is the power and authority of the church, since it dispensed
with one of the ten commandments."— Augsburg Confession, Art. XXV I I I .
"It [the Roman Catholic Church] has reversed the fourth command-
ment, doing away with the Sabbath of God's Word, and instituting Sun-
day as a holy day."— N. Summerbell, in "History of the Christians," page
418.
10. Why did God command Israel to hallow the Sabbath?
"And hallow My Sabbaths; and they shall be a sign be-
tween Me and you, that ye may know that I am the Lord your
God." Eze. 20: 20.
NOTE.— As the Sabbath was given that man might keep God in mind
as Creator, it can be readily seen that a power endeavoring to exalt itself
above God would first try to cover up or remove that which calls man's
special attention to his Creator. This could be done in no other way so
effectually as by setting 'aside God's memorial— the seventh-day Sab-
bath. To this work of the Papacy Daniel had reference when he said,
"And he shall . . . think to change times and laws." Dan. 7:25.
11. Does the Papacy acknowledge that it has changed the
Sabbath?
It does.
NOTE.—"Question.— How prove you that the church bath power to
command feasts and holy days?
"Answer.— By the very act of changing the Sabbath into Sunday,
which Protestants allow of; and therefore they fondly contradict them-
selves by keeping Sunday strictly, and breaking most other feast days
commanded by the same church."—" Abridgment of Christian Doctrine,"
by Rev. Henry Tuberville, D. D., of Douay College, France (1649), page 58.
"Ques.— Have you any other way of proving that the church has
power to institute festivals of precept?
" Ans.—Had she not such power she could not have done that in
which all modern religionists agree with her,— she could not have sub-
stituted the observance of Sunday, the first day of the week, for the
observance of Saturday, the seventh day, a change for which there is
no Scriptural authority."—"A Doctrinal Catechism," by Rev. Stephen
Keenan, page 174.
 THE CHANGE OF THE SABBATH 329

"The Catholic Church of its own infallible. authority created Sunday

a holy day to take the place of the Sabbath of the old law."— Kansas City
Catholic, Feb. 9, 1893.
"The Catholic Church,. . . by virtue of her divine mission,
changed the day from Saturday to Sunday."— Catholic Mirror, official
organ of Cardinal Gibbons, Sept. 28, 1893.
"Ques.— Which is the Sabbath day?
"Ans.— Saturday is the Sabbath day.
"Ques.— Why do we observe Sunday instead of Saturday?
"Ans.— We observe Sunday instead of Saturday because the Catho-
lic Church, in the Council of Liodicea (A. D. 336), transferred the solemnity
from Saturday to Sunday."—" The Convert's Catechism of Catholic Doc-
trine," by Rev. Peter' Geiermann, C. SS. R., page 60, third edition, 1913, a
work which received the "apostolic blessing" of Pope Pius X, Jan. 26, 1910.
What was done at the Council of Laodicea was but one of the steps
by which the change of the Sabbath was effected. See under questions
17-21. The date usually given for this council is 364 A. D.

12. Do Catholic authorities acknowledge that there is no

command in the Bible for the sanctification of Sunday?
They do.
NOTE.— "You may read the Bible from Genesis% Revelation, and
you will not find a single line authorizing the sanctification of Sunday.
The Scriptures enforce the religious observance of Saturday, a day which
we never sanctify."— Cardinal Gibbons, in "The Faith of Our Fathers,"
edition 1892, page 111.
"Sunday is a Catholic institution, and its claims to observance can
be defended only on Catholic principles. . . . From beginning to end
of Scripture there is not a single passage that warrants the laansfer of
weekly public worship from the last day of the week to the first."— Catho-
lic Press (Sydney, Australia), Aug. 25, 1900.

13. Do Protestant writers acknowledge the same?

They do.
NOTE.— "Is there no express commandment for observing the first
day of the week as Sabbath, instead of the seventh day?— None whatever.
Neither Christ, nor His apostles, nor the first Christians celebrated the
first day of the week instead of the seventh as the Sabbath."— New York
Weekly Tribune, May 24, 1900.
"The Scriptures nowhere call the first day of the week the Sabbath.
. . . There is no Scriptural authority for so doing, nor of course any
Scriptural obligation."— The Watchman (Baptist).
"The observance of the first instead of the seventh day rests on the
testimony of the church, and the church alone."— Hobart Church News
(Episcopalian), July 2, 1894.
For additional testimonies, see reading on page 340.
14. How did this change in observance of days come about,
suddenly or gradually?
Gradually.
NOTES.— " The Christian church made no formal, but a gradual and
330 BIBLE READINGS
almost unconscious transference of the one day to the other."—"The Voice
From Sinai," by Archdeacon F. W. Farrar, page 167.
This of itself is evidence that there was no divine command for the
change of the Sabbath.
15. For how long a time was the seventh-day Sabbath ob-
served in the Christian church?
For many centuries. In fact, its observance has never
wholly ceased in the Christian church.
Nuns.— Mr. Morer, a learned clergyman of the Church of England,
says: "The primitive Christians had a great veneration for the Sabbath,
and spent the day in devotion and sermons. And it is not to be doubted
that they derived this practise from the apostles themselves."—"Dialogues
on the Lord's Day," page 189.
Prof. E. Brerewood, of Gresham College, London (Episcopal), says:
"The Sabbath was religiously observed in the East church three hundred
years and more after our Saviour's passion."—"A Learned Treatise of the
Sabbath," page 77.
Lyman Coleman, a careful and candid historian, says: "Down even
to the fifth century the observance of the Jewish Sabbath was continued
in the Christian chiarch, but with a rigor and solemnity gradually diminish-
ing until it was wholly discontinued."—"Ancient Christianity Exemplified,"
chap. 26, sec. 2.
The historian Socrates, who wrote about the middle of the fifth century,
says: "Almost all the churches throughout the world celebrate the sacred
mysteries on the Sabbath of every week, yet the Christians of Alexandria
and at Rome, on account of some ancient tradition, refuse to do this."
—"Ecclesiastical History," book 5, chap. 22.
Sozollitn, another historian of the same period, writes: "The people
of Constantinople, and of several other cities, assemble together on the
Sabbath as well as on the next day; which custom is never observed at
Rome"—"Ecclesiastical History," book 7, chap. 19.
All this would have been inconceivable and impossible had there been
a divine command given for the change of the Sabbath. The last two
quotations also show that Rome led in the apostasy and in the change of
the Sabbath.
16. What striking testimony is borne by Neander, the noted
church historian, regarding the origin of the Sunday sabbath?
"Opposition to Judaism introduced the particular festival
of Sunday very early, indeed, into the place of the Sabbath.
. . . The festival of Sunday, like all other festivals, was al-
ways only a human ordinance, and it was far from the inten-
tions of the apostles to establish a divine command in this
respect, far from them, and from the early apostolic church,
to transfer the laws of the Sabbath to Sunday. Perhaps at the
end of the second century a false application of this kind had
begun to take place; for men appear by that time to have con-
sidered laboring on Sunday as a sin."— Neander's "Church
History," Rose's translation, page 186.
 THE CHANGE OF THE SABBATH 331
17. Who first enjoined Sunday-keeping by law?
Constantine the Great.
Nome.— "The earliest recognition of the observance of Sunday as a
legal duty is a constitution of Constantine in 321 A. D., enacting that all
courts of justice, inhabitants of towns, and workshops were to be at rest
on Sunday (venerabili die Solis), with an exception in favor of those en-
gaged in agricultural labor."— Encyclopedia Britannica, ninth edition,
article "Sunday."
"Constantine the Great made a law for the whole empire (321 A. D.)
that Sunday should be kept as a day of rest in all cities and towns; but he
allowed the country people to follow their work."— Encyclopedia Amer-
icana, article "Sabbath."
"Unquestionably the first law, either ecclesiastical or civil, by which
the Sabbatical observance of that day is known to have been ordained,
is the edict of Constantine, 321 A. D.''-Chambers's Encyclopedia, article
"Sabbath."
18. What did Constantine's law require?
"Let all the judges and town people, and the occupation
of all trades rest on the venerable day of the sun; but let those
who are situated in the country, freely and at full liberty, at=
tend to the business of agriculture; because it often happens
that no other day is so fit for sowing corn and planting vines;
lest the critical moment being let slip, men should lose the com-
modities granted by heaven."— Edict of March 7, '82.1 A. D.,
Corpus Juris Civilis Cod., lib. 3, tit. 12, 3.
Now.— This edict, issued by Constantine, under whom the Christian
church and the Roman state were first united, in a manner supplied the
lack of a divine command for Sunday observance, and may be considered
the original Sunday law, and the model after which all Sunday.laws since
then have been patterned. It was one of the important steps in bringing
about and establishing the change of the Sabbath.
19. What testimony does Eusebius (270-338), a noted bishop
of the church, a flatterer of Constantine, and the reputed father
of ecclesiastical history, bear upon this subject?
"All things whatsoever that it was duty to do on the Sab-
bath, these we have transferred to the Lord's day."—"Commen-
tary on the Psalms," Cox's "Sabbath Literature," Vol. I, page 361.
Nary.— The change of the Sabbath was the result of the combined
efforts of church and state, and it was centuries before it was fully ac-
complished.

20. When and by what church council was the observance

of the seventh day forbidden, and Sunday observance enjoined?
"The seventh-day Sabbath was . . . solemnized by
Christ, the apostles, and primitive Christians, till the Laodicean
Council did, in a manner, quite abolish the observation of it.
332 BIBLE READINGS
. . . The Council of Laodicea [s.. D. 364] . . . first
settled the observation of the Lord's day."— Prynne's "Disser-
tation on the Lord's Day Sabbath," page 163.
21. What did this council, in its twenty-ninth canon, decree
concerning -the Sabbath and Christians who continued to ob-
serve it?
"Christians shall not Judaize and be idle on Saturday [Sab-
bath], but shall work on that day. . . . If, however, they
are found Judaizing, they shall be shut out from Christ."— Hefele's
"History of the Councils of the Church," Vol. II, page 316.
Noma.— Some of the further steps taken by church and state authori-
ties in bringing about this change may be noted as follows: —
"In 386, under Gratian, Valentinian, and Theodosius, it was decreed
that all litigation and business should cease [on Sunday]. . . .
"Among the doctrines laid down in a letter of Pope Innocent I, writ-
ten in the last year of his papacy (416), is that Saturday should be observed
as a fast-day. . . .
"In 425, under Theodosius the Younger, abstinence from theatricals
and the circus [on Sunday] was enjoined. . . .
"In 538, at a council at Orleans, . . . it was ordained that every-
thing previously permitted on Sunday should still be lawful; but that work
at the plow, or in the vineyard, and cutting, reaping, threshing, tilling, and
hedging should be abstained from, that people might more conveniently
attend church. . . .
"About590 Pope Gregory, in a letter to the Roman people, denounced
as the prophets of Antichrist those who maintained that work ought not
to be done on the seventh day."—" Law of Sunday," by James T. Ringgold,
pages 265-267.
The last paragraph of the foregoing quotation indicates that even as
late as 590 A. D. there were those in the church who observed and who taught
the observance of the Bible Sabbath, the seventh day.
22. What determines whose servants we are?
"Know ye not, that to whom ye yield yourselves servants
to obey, his servants ye are to whom ye obey?" Rom. 6: 16.
23. When tempted to bow down and worship Satan, what
reply did Christ make?
"Get thee hence, Satan: for it is written, Thou shalt worship
the Lord thy God, and Him only shalt thou serve." Matt. 4:
10, 11.
24. What do Catholics say of the observance of Sunday by
Protestants?
"It was the Catholic Church which, by the authority of
Jesus Christ, has transferred this rest to the Sunday in remem-
brance of the resurrection of our Lord. Thus the observance
of Sunday by the Protestants is an homage they pay, in spite of
 THE CHANGE OF THE SABBATH 333
themselves, to the authority of the [Catholic] church."—" Plain
Talk About the Protestantism of Today," by Mgr. Segur, page 213.
25. What kind of worship does the Saviour call that which
is not according to God's commandments?
"But in vain they do worship Me, teaching for doctrines the
commandments of men." Matt. 15:9.
26. When Israel had apostatized, and were almost uni-
versally worshiping Baal, what appeal did Elijah make to them?
"How long halt ye between two opinions? if the Lord be God,
follow Him: but if Baal, then follow him." 1 Kings 18:21.
Nam— In times of ignorance God winks at that which otherwise
would be sin; but when light comes He commands men everywhere to re-
pent. Acts 17:30. The period during which the saints, times, and the
law of God were to be in the hands of the Papacy has expired (Dan. 7:25);
the true light on the Sabbath question is now shining; and God is sending
a message to the world, calling upon men to fear and worship Him, and to
return to the observance of His holy rest day, the seventh-day Sabbath.
Rev. 14: 6-12; Isa. 56:1; 58: 1, 12-14. See readings on pages 181, 333,
348, 413.

THE SEAL OF GOD AND THE MARK

OF APOSTASY
1. WHAT does the Bible present as the object of a sign, or
seal?
"Now, 0 king, establish the decree, and sign the writing,
that it be not changed." Dan. 6: 8.
Nan.— That is, affix the signature of royalty, that it may have the
proper authority, and thus be of force. Anciently it was customary for
kings to use a ring, containing their name, initials, or monogram, for this
purpose. Jezebel, the wife of Ahab, "wrote letters in Ahab's name, and
sealed them with his seal." 1 Kings 21:8. Of the decree issued under
Ahasuerus for the slaying of all the Jews throughout the Persian Empire,
it is said that "in the name of King Ahasuerus was it written, and sealed
with the king's ring." Esther 3: 12.
2. What are the three essentials to an official seal?
To be complete, an official seal must show three things:
(1) The name of the lawgiver; (2) his official position, title, or
authority, and so his right to rule; and (3) his kingdom, or, the
extent of his dominion and jurisdiction. Thus: "'Woodrow
Wilson, President of the United States," "George IV, King of
Great Britain," "Nicholas II, Czar of Russia."
3. With what is God's seal connected?
"Bind up the testimony, seal THE LAW among My dis-
ciples." Isa. 8: 16.
334 BIBLE READINGS
4. Does the first commandment show who the author of
the law is?
"Thou shalt have no other gods before Me." Ex. 20: 3.
NOTE.— Who the "me" here spoken of is, the commandment itself
does not state. Such a prohibition might come from any source. Any
heatten could claim-it as a command from his god, and, so far as the com-
mandment itself goes, no one could disprove his claim.
5. Does the second, third, fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth,
or tenth commandment indicate the author of the decalogue?
No; none of them.
NOTE.-- The second commandment forbids the making of and bowing
down to images, but does not in itself reveal who the true God is. The
third commandment says, "Thou shalt not take the name of the Lord thy
God in vain," but it likewise fails to reveal the true God and giver of the
law. A worshiper of the sun might say he kept this commandment so far
as it itself reveals what god is meant. So of the other commandments
here referred to. In the last five commandments the name of God is not
even mentioned.
6. Which commandment alone of the decalogue reveals the
true God and Author of the law?
"Remember the Sabbath day, to keep it holy. Six days
shalt thou labor and do all thy work: but the seventh day is
the Sabbath of the Lord thy God: in it thou shalt not do any
work, thou, nor thy son, nor thy daughter, thy man servant,
nor thy maid servant, nor thy cattle, nor thy stranger that is
within thy gates: for in six days the Lord made heaven and earth,
the sea, and all that in them is, and rested the seventh day: where-
fore the Lord blessed the Sabbath day, and hallowed it."
Verses 8-11.
NOTE.— The fourth commandment alone reveals the name, authority,
and dominion of the Author of this law. In six days, (1) the Lord (name);
(2) made (office, Creator); (3) heaven and earth (dominion). This com-
mandment alone, therefore, contains "the seal of the living God." By
what is revealed in this commandment is shown what God is referred to in
the other commandments. By the great truth revealed here all other gods
are shown to be false gods. The Sabbath commandment, therefore, con-
tains the seal of God; and the Sabbath itself, the observance of which is
enjoined by the commandment, is inseparably connected with this seal;
it is to be kept in memory of the fact that God is the Creator of all
things; and it is itself called a "sign" of the knowledge of this great truth.
Ex. 31: 17; Eze. 20:20.
7. What reason does God give for the Sabbath being an
everlasting sign between Him and His people?
"It is a sign between Me and the children of Israel forever:
for in six days the Lord made heaven, and earth, and on the seventh
day He rested, and was refreshed." Ex. 31: 17.
 SEAL OF GOD AND MARK OF APOSTASY 335
NOTE.— The Sabbath is the sign, or mark, or seal, of the true God, the
Creator.
8. Of what does God say the keeping or hallowing of the
Sabbath is a sign?
"And hallow My Sabbaths; and they shall be a sign, between
Me and you, that ye may know that I am the Lord your God."
Eze. 20: 20.
9. Of what besides a knowledge of God as Creator, is the
Sabbath a sign?
"Verily My Sabbaths ye shall keep: for it is a sign between
Me and you throughout your generations; that ye may know
that I am the Lord that cloth SANCTIFY you." Ex. 31: 13.
NoTE.— The. Sabbath is the great sign of God's creative power wher-
ever and however manifested, whether in creation or redemption; for re-
demption is creation — re-creation. It requires the same power to re-
deem that it does to create. "Create in me a clean heart." Ps. 51; 10.
"For we are His workmanship, created in Christ Jesus unto good works."
Eph. 2: 10. At each recurrence of the Sabbath, God designs that it shall
call Him to mind as the One who created us, and whose grace and sanctify-
ing power are working in us to fit us for His eternal kingdom.
10. What scripture shows that a special sealing work is to
take place just before the letting loose of the winds of destruc-
tion upon the earth?
"And after these things I saw four angels standing on the
four corners of the earth, holding the four winds of the earth,
that the wind should not blow on the earth, nor on the sea, nor
on any tree. And I saw another angel ascending from the east,
having the seal of the living God: and he cried with a loud voice
to the four angels, to whom it was given to hurt the earth and
the sea, saying, Hurt not the earth, neither the sea, nor the trees,
till we have sealed the servants of our God in their foreheads. And
I heard the number of them which were sealed: and there were
sealed an hundred and forty and four thousand of all the tribes
of the children of Israel." Rev. 7: 1-4. See Eze. 9 : 1-6.
11. Where did the apostle see this same company a little
later, and what did they have in their foreheads?
"And I looked, and, lo, a Lamb stood on the mount Sion,
and with Him an hundred forty and four thousand, having His
Father's name written in their foreheads." Rev. 14: 1.
NoTE.— The seal of. God and the Father's name must refer to the same
thing. The seal is the sign or stamp of perfection, and God's name stands
for His character, which is perfection. And the Sabbath of God, kept as
God ordained it to be kept, holy, and in holiness, is a sign of this same
thing — perfection of character. When this seal is finally placed upon
336 BIBLE READINGS
God's people, it will be an evidence that His grace and His sanctifying
power have done their work, and fitted them for heaven. In the world to
come, all will keep the Sabbath, and will therefore have this seal or mark
of sanctification, holiness, and perfection of character. Isa. 66:22, 23.
12. What is said of the character of these sealed ones?
"And in their mouth was found no guile: for they are without
fault before the throne of God." Verse 5.
13. How is the remnant church described?
"Here is the patience of the saints: here are they that keep
the commandments of God, and the faith of Jesus." Verse 12.
14. Against what three things does the third angel of Reve-
lation 14 warn men?
"And the third angel followed them, saying with a loud voice,
If any man worship the beast and his image, and receive his mark
in his forehead, or in his hand, the same shall drink of the wine
of the wrath of God." Verses 9, 10.
NoTE.— The beast represents the Papacy; the image to the beast rep-
resents another ecclesiastical body dominating the civil power. See read-
ings on pages 188, 191. And over against the seal of God stands the mark
of the beast, the mark of apostasy. Against this false and idolatrous wor-
ship and the reception of this mark, God sends this solemn warning.
15. What power mentioned in the thirteenth chapter of
Revelation is to enforce this mark?
"And he [the two-horned beast] causeth all, both small and
great, rich and poor, free and bond, to receive a mark in their
right hand, or in their foreheads." Rev. 13: 16.
NOTE.- The two-horned beast is understood to represent the United
States of America. See reading on page 191. As this nation repudiates
her principles of civil and religious liberty, and becomes a persecuting
power, other nations will follow her example in oppressing those who
refuse to yield their allegiance to God.
16. What does the Papacy set forth as the mark, or sign,
of its power and authority?
"Question.— How prove you that the church hath power to
command feasts and holy days?
"Answer.— By the very act of changing the Sabbath into Sun-
day, which Protestants allow of."—" Abridgment of Christian
Doctrine," by Rev. Henry Tuberville, D. D., page 58.
NoTEs.— In a letter written in November, 1895, Mr. H. F. Thomas,
chancellor to Cardinal Gibbons, replying to an inquiry as to whether the
Catholic Church claims to have changed the Sabbath, said: "Of course the
Catholic Church claims that the change was her act, . . . and the
act is a mark of her ecclesiastical authority in religious things." For other
statements concerning this, see pages 329, 331, 349.
 SEAL OF GOD AND MARK OF APOSTASY 337
The true Sabbath being a sign of loyalty to the true God, it is but
natural that the false sabbath should be regarded as a sign of allegiance
to apostasy. And such we find to be the case.
17. What do papal authorities say of the observance of Sun-
day by Protestants?
"The observance of Sunday by the Protestants is an homage
they pay, in spite of themselves, to the authority of the [Catho-
lic] church."—"Plain Talk About the Protestantism of Today,"
by Monsignor Segur, page 213.
NOTE.— The statement here made is true, and a full realization of the
fact will lead those who honestly, but ignorantly, have heretofore been
observing Sunday as the Sabbath, to refuse longer to pay homage to apos-
tasy, and return to the observance of that which is the sign of loyalty to
heaven,— the only weekly day of rest which God, in -His Word, has com-
manded men to keep holy, the seventh day.
18. What will be the dragon's attitude toward the remnant
people who keep the commandments of God?
"And the dragon was wroth with the woman, and went to make
war with the remnant of her seed, which keep the commandments
of God, and have the testimony of Jesus Christ." Rev. 12: 17.
19. How strongly will this false worship and the enforce-
ment of this mark be urged?
"That the image of the beast should both speak, and cause
[decree] that as many as would not worship the image of the
beast should be killed. And he causeth all, both small and great,
rich and poor, free and bond, to receive a mark in their right
hand, or in their foreheads: and that no man might buy or sell,
save he that had the mark." Rev. 13: 15-17. See note under
question 19, on page 155.
20. Over what do the people of God finally gain the victory?
"And I saw as it were a sea of glass mingled with fire: and
them that had gotten the victory over the beast, and over his image,
and over his mark, and over the number of his name, stand on the
sea of glass, having the harps of God." Rev. 15:2.

THE LORD'S DAY

1. FROM what time was Christ, the Word, associated with
God, the Father?
"In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with
God, and the Word was God. The same was in the beginning
with God." John 1: 1, 2.
2. By whom were all things created?
22
338 BIBLE READINGS
"Which from the beginning of the world hath been hid in
God, who created all things by Jesus Christ." Eph. 3: 9.
3. By whom were the worlds made?
"God, who at sundry times and in divers manners spake
in time past unto the fathers by the prophets, hath in these
last days spoken unto us by His Son, . . . by whom also
He made the worlds." Heb. 1: 1, 2.
4. How does Paul again express this same truth?
"For by Him were all things created, that are in heaven, and
that are in earth, visible and invisible, . . . all things were
created by Him, and for Him: and He is before all things, and by
Him all things consist." Col. 1: 16, 17.
5. Was there anything made without Christ?
"All things were made by Him • and without Him was not
anything made that was made." John 1: 3.
6. Was the Sabbath "made"?
"And He said unto them, The Sabbath was MADE for man."
Mark 2:27.
7. Then by whom was the Sabbath made?
By Christ.
NOTE.- This conclusion is inevitable. If all things were made by
Christ, and without Him was not anything made that was made, and the
Sabbath was one of the things that was made, then it follows that the Sab-
bath must have been made by Christ. This being so, the Sabbath must
be the Lord's day.
8. What did God do in the beginning on the seventh day?
"And on the seventh day God ended His work which He had
made; and He rested on the seventh day from all His work which
He had made." Gen. 2: 2.
Nom— If all things were made by Jesus Christ, then He, with the
Father, rested on the first seventh day from all His labor in the work of
creation.
9. After resting on the seventh day, what did God do?
"And God blessed the seventh day, and sanctified it: because
that in it He had rested from all His work which God created
and made." Verse 3.
NOTE.- And inasmuch as this blessing and this sanctification of the
day were a part of the making of the Sabbath, as well as the resting upon
the day, these also must have been done by Christ; for the Sabbath was
made by Him.
10. How much honor is due to Christ?
 THE LORD'S DAY 339
"That all men should honor the Son, even as they honor the
Father." John 5: 23. "I and My Father are one." John
10: 30.
Harz.-- In keeping the Sabbath, then, we honor Christ equally with
the Father.
11. Did Christ keep the Sabbath?
"And He came to Nazareth, where He had been brought
up: and, as His custom was, He went into the synagogue on the
Sabbath day, and stood up for to read." Luke 4: 16. "I have
kept My Father's commandments." John 15: 10.
12.Did Christ's followers keep the Sabbath after His death?
"And they returned, and prepared spices and ointments;
and rested the Sabbath day according to the commandment." Luke
23:56.
13. Did they observe it after His resurrection?
"And Paul, as his manner was, went in unto them, and three
Sabbath days reasoned with them out of the Scriptures." Acts
17:2. See also Acts 13: 14, 42, 44; 16: 13; 18: 14, 11.
14. On what day does John say he was in the Spirit?
"I was in the Spirit on the Lord's day." Rev. 1: 10.
15. What day does the commandment say is the Lord's?
"The seventh day is the Sabbath of the Lord." Ex. 20: 10.
16. By whose Spirit did the prophets write?
"The Spirit of Christ which was in them." 1 Peter 1: 11.
17. What does the prophet Isaiah, speaking for God through
this Spirit of Christ, call the seventh-day Sabbath?
"My holy day." Isa. 58: 13.
18. Does Christ anywhere in the Scriptures ever claim any
other day of the week than the seventh as His?
He does not.
NoTE.— We do not need to speculate as to what day is the Lord's, if
we will but take the Word of God for our guide, for loyalty to which John
was banished to the isle of Patmos. See Rev. 1: 9.
19. If John, therefore, referred to a day of the week, on what
day must he have been in the Spirit?
The seventh day.
Now.— No other day of the week in all the Bible is claimed by God
as His day. During the second, third, and fourth centuries of the Chris-
340 BIBLE READINGS
tian era, when apostasy came in like a flood, men, without any war-
rant or command of Scripture, thinking to do honor to Christ and despite
to the Jews who crucified Christ, began to neglect the Sabbath of the
fourth commandment, and to honor the day of the week on which Christ
rose from the dead, the first day, as "the Lord's day," until finally the
Sabbath was almost wholly lost sight of, and the Sunday quite generally
took its place. But there was no more warrant for this change in the divine
and unchangeable law of God than there was for other errors and changes
which crept into the professed Christian church during this same time, such
as abstaining from meat on Friday in honor of the crucifixion; Mariolatry,
or the worship of the Virgin Mary; the mass; purgatory; indulgences;
prayers for the dead; saint-worship; and the human vicarship of Christ.
There was no more divine authority for one than for the others. All came
in through apostasy. The Bible knows but one true and living God, one
Lawgiver, one Mediator between God and man, one Lord and Saviour
Jesus Christ, one body, one Spirit, one hope, one faith, one baptism, and
one Sabbath. See Jer. 10: 10-12; Rev. 14:6, 7; 1 Tim. 2: 5; Kph. 4:4-6;
Ex. 20:8-11.

WALKING AS HE WALKED
1. THE way of the Christian life was set for us by Jesus
Himself.
"He that saith he abideth in Him ought himself also so to
walk, even as He walked." 1 John 2: 6. "Leaving us an ex-
ample, that ye should follow His steps." 1 Peter 2: 21.
2. The footprints that Jesus set for us to follow, lead un-
varyingly along the way of God's commandments
"I have kept My Father's commandments, and abide in His
love." John 15: 10. "For this is the love of God, that we keep
His commandments." 1 John 5: 3.
3. The pathway is the same today as when Jesus walked in
Judea.
"Jesus Christ the same yesterday, and today, and forever."
Heb. 13:8.
4. When it is shown that Jesus kept the seventh day holy
as our example, many ask, "Why have not scholars and church-
men found out that there is no Bible authority for first-day
sacredness?"
The answer is, They have found it so, and have freely de-
clared the fact.
TESTIMONY OF EMINENT MEN
5. The extracts that follow are from noted clergymen, schol-
ars, and eminent writers, all of whom doubtless kept the Sun-
day as a matter of church custom. But they nevertheless
bear witness that there is no Bible command for it.
 WALKING AS HE WALKED 341
CHURCH OF ENGLAND WRITERS
Archdeacon Farrar: "The Sabbath is Saturday, the seventh day of
the week." "The Christian church made no formal, but a gradual and
almost unconscious transference of the one day to the other."—"The
Voice From Sinai," pages 163, 167.
Canon Eyton (of Westminster): "There is no word, no hint, in the
New Testament about abstaining from work on Sunday." "The observ-
ance of Ash Wednesday or Lent stands exactly on the same footing as
the observance of Sunday." "Constantine's decree was the first public
step in establishing the first day of the week as a day on which there
should be secular rest as well as religious worship. . . . Into the rest
of Sunday no divine law enters." — "The Ten Commandments," Trubners
& Co.
Canon Knox-Little, replying to those who quote the example of Christ
against the High-church ritualism, says: —
," It is certain that our Lord when on earth did observe Saturday, and
did not observe Sunday." "If they are consistent, as I have said, they
must keep Saturday, not Sunday, as the day of rest."—"Sacerdotalism,"
Longman Company.
Mr. Gladstone (the great statesman): "The seventh day of the week
has been deposed from its title to obligatory religious observance, and its
prerogative has been carried over to the first, under no direct precept-of
Scripture."—"Later Gleanings," page 342.
Sir William Domville: "Centuries of the Christian era passed away
before the Sunday was observed by the Christian church as a Sabbath.
—"Examination of Six Texts," chap. 8, page 291.
WRITERS OF OTHER CHURCHES
Dr. R. W. Dale (British Congregationalist): "It is quite clear that
however rigidly or devotedly we may spend Sunday, we are not keeping
the Sabbath. . . . The Sabbath was founded on a specific, divine
command. We can plead no such command for the observance of Sun-
day. . . . There is not a single line in the New Testament to suggest
that we incur any penalty by violating the supposed sanctity of Sunday."
—"The Ten Commandments," Hodder and Stoughton, pages 106, 107.
Dr. Lyman Abbott (American Congregationalist): "The current
notion that Christ and His apostles authoritatively substituted the first
day for the seventh, is absolutely without any authority in the New Testa-
ment."— Christian Union, June 26, 1890.
Dr. Edward T. Hiscock (Baptist): "There was and is a command-
ment to 'keep holy the Sabbath day,' but that Sabbath was not Sunday.
It will, however, be readily said, and with some show of triumph, that the
Sabbath was transferred from the seventh to the first day of the week.
. . . Where can the record of such a transaction be found? Not in the
New Testament — absolutely not."— The New York Examiner, Nov. 16,
1893.
Dr. D. H. Lucas (Disciple) : "There is no direct Scriptural authority for
designating the first day the Lord's day."— Christian Oracle, Jan. 23, 1890.
Cardinal Gibbons (Roman Catholic): "You may read the Bible from
Genesis to Revelation, and you will not find a single line authorizing the
sanctification of Sunday."—"Faith of Our Fathers," edition 189,2, page 111.
Prize Essay of American Sunday-school Union: "Up to the time of
Christ's death, no change had been made in the day. . . . So far as
the record shows, they [the apostles] did not give any explicit command en-
342 BIBLE READINGS

joining the abandonment of the seventh-day Sabbath, and its observance

on the first day of the week."—"Lord's Day," pages 185, 186.
ENCYCLOPEDIAS AND CHURCH MANUALS
"Dictionary of Christian Antiquities:" "The notion of a formal sub-
stitution by apostolic authority of the Lord's day [meaning Sunday] for the
Jewish Sabbath, and the transference to it, perhaps in a spiritualized form,
of the Sabbatical obligation established by the promulgation of the fourth
commandment, has no basis whatever either in the Holy Scriptures or in
Christian antiquity."— Article " Sabballt," Smith and Cheetham.
"Cyclopedia of Biblical Theology:" "It must be confessed that there
is no law in the New Testament concerning the first day."— Article "Sab-
bath," McClintock and Strong.
Methodist Episcopal "Theological Compend," by Amos Binney: "It
is true, there is no positive command for infant baptism. . : . Nor is
there any for keeping holy the first day of the week."— Pages 180, ,181.
Protestant Episcopal "Manual of Christian Doctrine:" "Is there any
command in the New Testament to change the day of weekly rest from
Saturday?— None."— Page 127.
Protestant Episcr,r,s1 "Explanation of Catechism:" "The day is now
changed from the seventh to the first day; . . . but as we meet with
no Scriptural direction for the change, we may conclude it was done by the
authority of the church."

6. What influence do the Bible and history show working

in the church immediately after apostolic days?
"Also of your own selves shall men arise, speaking perverse
things, to draw away disciples after them." Acts 20: 30.
Nova.— "In the interval between the days of the apostles and the
conversion of Constantine, the Christian commonwealth changed its as-
pect. . . . Rites and ceremonies of which neither Paul nor Peter ever
heard, crept silently into use, and then claimed the rank of divine institu-
tions."— Dr. W. D. Killen's (Presbyterian) "The Ancient Church," Preface.
7. What did Christ say of worship based upon the com-
mandments of men?
"In vain they do worship Me, teaching for doctrines the com-
mandments of men." Matt. 15: 9.
8. What did He say should be done with every plant not
planted by God?
"Every plant, which My Heavenly Father hath not planted,
shall be rooted up." Verse 13.

THE SABBATH IN HISTORY

and by what acts was the Sabbath made?
1. WHEN
"And on the seventh day God ended His work which He had
made; and He rested on the seventh day from all His work which
 THE SABBATH IN HISTORY 343
He had made. And God blessed the seventh day, and sancti-
fied it: because that in it He had rested from all His work which
God created and made." Gen. 2: 2, 3.
2. What division of time is marked off by the Sabbath?
The week.
Norms.— "One of the moat striking collateral confirmations of the
Mosaic history of the creation is the general adoption of the division of
time into weeks, which extends from the Christian states of Europe to the
remote shores of Hindustan, and has equally prevailed among the Hebrews,
the Egyptians, Chinese, Greeks, Romans, and northern barbarians,—
nations some of whom had little or no intercourse with others, and were
not even known by name to the Hebrews."— Horne's "Introduction to the
Critical Study and Knowledge of the Holy Scriptures," Vol. I, page 69, edi-
tion 1841.
"Seven has been the ancient and honored number among the nations
of the earth. They have measured their time by weeks from the begin-
ning. The original of this was the Sabbath of God, as Moses has given the
reasons for it in his writings."—"Brief Dissertation on the First Three Chap-
ters of Genesis," by Dr. Lyman Coleman, page 26.
Gen. 7: 4, 10; 8: 10, 12, show that the week was known at the time
of the flood.
3. How widely recognized is the seventh-day Sabbath in
the different languages of the world today?
It is very generally so recognized.
Now.— Some years ago the late Dr. William Mead Jones, of London,
published a "Chart of the Week," showing the style of the weekly cycle
and the designations of the different days of the week in one hundred and
sixty different languages. This chart shows very vividly that the seven-
day period, or week, was known from the most ancient times, and that in
no fewer than one hundred and eight of these languages the seventh day
is designated as the Sabbath, or holy day. The following is from this
chart: --
English The seventh day The Sabbath
Hebrew Shabbath Sabbath
Greek Sabbaton Sabbath
Latin Sabbatum Sabbath
Arabic Assabt The Sabbath
Persian Sh.9.mbin Sabbath
Armenian Shapat Sabbath
Turkish Yomessabt Day the Sabbath
Abyssinian Sanbat Sabbath
Russian Subbota Sabbath
Polish Sobota Sabbath
Hindustani Shamba Sabbath
Malay Ari-Sabtu Day Sabbath
Afghan Shamba Sabbath
German Samstag Sabbath
Prussian Sabatico Sabbath
French Samedi Sabbath day
Italian Sabbato Sabbath
Spanish Sabado Sabbath
Portuguese Sabbado Sabbath
344 BIBLE READINGS
4. What reason did God assign at Sinai for having blessed
and set apart the seventh day as a day of holy rest?
"For in six days the Lord made heaven and earth, the sea,
and all that in them is, and rested the seventh day." Ex.
20: 11.
5. What promise did God make to Israel, through Jeremiah,
if they would keep the Sabbath?
"And it shall come to pass, if ye diligently harken unto Me,
saith the Lord, to bring in no burden through the gates of this
city on the Sabbath day, but hallow the Sabbath day, to do no
work therein; then shall there enter into the gates of this city kings
and princes sitting upon the throne of David, riding in chariots
and on horses, they, and their princes, the men of Judah, and
the inhabitants of Jerusalem: and this city shall remain forever."
Jer. 17: 24, 25.
6. What did He say would happen if they did not hallow the
Sabbath day?
"But if ye will not harken unto Me to hallow the Sabbath day,
and not to bear a burden, even entering in at the gates of Jeru-
salem on the Sabbath day; then will I kindle a fire in the gates
thereof, and it shall devour the palaces of Jerusalem, and it shall
not be quenched." Verse 27.
7. What befell the city of Jerusalem when it was captured
by Nebuchadnezzar, king of Babylon, in 588 B. c.?
"And all the vessels of the house of God . . . he
brought to Babylon. And they burnt the house of God, and brake
down the wall of Jerusalem, and burnt all the palaces thereof with
fire." 2 Chron. 36: 18, 19.
8. Why was this done?
"To fulfil the word of the Lord by the mouth of Jeremiah,
until the land had enjoyed her sabbaths: for as long as she lay
desolate she kept sabbath." Verse 21.
NOTE.- Israel's Babylonish captivity, under Nebuchadnezzar and
his sons, was seventy years long because that for 420 years, or for six times
seventy years,— from the days of Solomon to Nebuchadnezzar's time,—
they had largely neglected to keep the Sabbath. See Eze. 22: 8, 26; Jer.
25:8-11; 17:24, 27; 2 Chron. 36: 15-21. The seventy years' desolation
made up for the 420 years of Sabbath desecration. So during the millen-
nium, or the one thousand years after Christ's second advent, the whole
earth will lie desolate, or keep sabbath, for one thousand years, because
that for six thousand years the world's inhabitants have disregarded the
Sabbath. See this period and condition pointed out in Rev. 20: 1-4; Isa.
24:1-6; Jer. 4:23-27. The periods of rest and desolation of the land are
divinely appointed sabbatical compensations for man's irreligion, as mani-
 THE SABBATH IN HISTORY 345
fested in Sabbath desecration. They are impressive lessons on the im-
portance of keeping the seventh-day Sabbath, and the results of breaking
and disregarding it.
9. After Israel's restoration from the Babylonian captivity,
what did Nehemiah say was the reason for their punishment?
"Then I contended with the nobles of Judah, and said unto
them, What evil thing is this that ye do, and profane the Sab-
' bath day? Did not your fathers thus, and did not our God bring
all this evil upon us, and 'upon this city? yet ye bring more wrath
upon Israel by profaning the Sabbath." Neh. 13: 17, 18.
10. How does he speak of God's giVing the Sabbath to Israel?
"Thou tamest down also upon mount Sinai, and spakest
with them from heaven, and gayest them right judgments, and true
laws, good statutes and commandments: and madest known unto
them Thy holy Sabbath." Neh. 9: 13, 14.
NOTE.- Let it be noted that this text does not say that God made the
Sabbath then, but simply that He made it known to Israel then. They had
largely forgotten it while in Egypt. See pages 311, 314.

11. How did Christ, while on earth, regard the Sabbath?

"And He came to Nazareth, where He had been brought
up: and, as His custom was, He went into the synagogue on the
Sabbath day, and stood up for to read." Luke 4: 16.
12. By what did Christ recognize the Sabbath law?
"And He said unto them, . . . It is lawful to do well
on the Sabbath days." Matt. 12: 11, 12.
Notes.—William Prynne says: "It is certain that Christ Himself, His
apostles, and the primitive Christians for some good space of time, did con-
stantly observe the seventh-day Sabbath."—" Dissertation on the Lord's
Day Sabbath," page 33.
Morer, a learned clergyman of the Church of England, says: "The
primitive Christiana had a great veneration for the Sabbath, and spent
the day in devotion and sermons. And it is not to be doubted that they
derived this practise from the apostles themselves, as appears by several
scriptures to that purpose."— Morer's "Dialogues on the Lord's Day,"
page 189.
The historian Neander says: "Opposition to Judaism introduced the
articular festival of Sunday very early, indeed, into the place of the
Sabbath. . . . The festival of Sunday, like all other festivals, was
always only a human ordinance, and it was far from the intentions of the
apostles to establish a divine command in this respect, — far from them,
and from the early apostolic church, to transfer the laws of the Sabbath
to Sunday. Perhaps at the end of the second century a false application
of this kind had begun to take place; for men appear by that time to
have considered laboring on Sunday as a sin."—Neander's "Church His-
tory," Rose's translation, page 186.
Dr. Lyman Abbott says: "The current notion that Christ and His
 3 16 BIBLE READINGS
apostles authoritatively substituted the first day of the week for the seventh,
• is absolutely without any authority in the New Testament."— Christian
Union, June 86, 1890.
Archdeacon Farrar says: "The Christian church made no formal, but
a gradual and almost unconscious transference of the one day to the other."
— The Voice From Sinai," page 167.
13. What was the first effort of the Roman Church in be-
half of the recognition of Sunday?
In 196 A. D., Victor, bishop of Rome, attempted to impose
on all the churches the Roman custom of having the Passover,
or Easter, as it is commonly called, celebrated every year on
Sunday. See Bower's "History of the Popes," Vol. I, pages
18, 19.
Nun.— This, Dr. Bower, in his "History of the Popes," Vol. I, page
18, styles "the first essay of papal usurpation."
14. What was one of the principal reasons for convoking
the Council of Nice?
"The question relating to the observance of Easter, which was
agitated in the time of Anicetus and Polycarp, and afterward
in that of Victor, was still undecided. It was one of the prin-
cipal reasons for convoking the Council of Nice, being the most
important subject to be considered after the Arian controversy."
— Boyle's "Historical View of the Council of Nice," page 23,
edition 1836.
15. How was the matter finally decided?
"Easter day was fixed on the Sunday immediately following
the full moon which was nearest after the vernal equinox."
— Id., page 24.
16. In urging the observance of this decree on the churches,,
what reason did Constantine assign for it?
"Let us have nothing in common with the most hostile
rabble of the Jews."— Id., page 52.
17. What had Constantine already done, in 321 A. D., to
help forward Sunday to a place of prominence?
He issued an edict requiring "the judges and town people,
and the occupation of all trades" to rest on "the venerable day
of the sun." See Encyclopedia Britannica, article "Sunday;"
and this work, page 331.
18. Who did Eusebius, bishop of Caesarea, and one of Con-
stantine's most ardent supporters, say had transferred the obli-
gations of the Sabbath to Sunday?
 THE SABBATH IN HISTORY • 347
"All things whatsoever that it was duty to do on the Sab-
bath, these WE have transferred to the Lord's day."— Eusebius's
"Commentary on the Psalms," quoted in Cox's "Sabbath Litera-
ture," Vol. 1, page 361.
19. What did Sylvester, bishop of Rome, 314 A. D. to 337
A. D., do for the Sunday institution by his "apostolic authority"?
He officially changed the title of the first day, calling it the
LORD'S DAY. See "Historia Ecclesiastica," by M. Ludovi-
cum Lucium, cent. 4, cap. 10, pages 739, 740, edition Basilea,
1624.
20. What did the Council of Laodicea decree in 364 A. D.?
Canon 29. " Christians shall not Judaize and be idle on
Saturday [Sabbath], but shall work on that day; but the
Lord's day they shall especially honor."—"A History of the
Councils of the Church," Charles Joseph Hefele, Vol. II, page 316.
21. How late did Christians keep the Sabbath?
"Down even to the fifth century, the observance of the
Jewish Sabbath was continued in the Christian church."— Ly-
man Coleman's "Ancient Christianity Exemplified," chap. 26,
sec. 2.
22. How generally does the historian Socrates, who wrote
about the middle of the fifth century, say the Sabbath was ob-
served by the Christian churches of his time?
"Although almost all churches throughout the world cele-
brate the sacred mysteries on the Sabbath of every week, yet
the Christians of Alexandria and at Rome, on account of some
ancient tradition, refuse to do this."— Socrates's "Ecclesiastical
History," book 5, chap. 22.
23. What day was observed in the dark ages by some of the
Waldenses?
"They kept the Sabbath day, observed the ordinance of
baptism according to the primitive church, instructed their
children in the articles of the Christian faith and the command-
ments of God."— Jones's "Church History," Vol. II, chap. 6,
sec. 4.
24. Who among the early Reformers raised this question of
Sabbath observance?
"Carlstadt held to the divine authority of the Sabbath from
the Old Testament."—"Life of Luther," by Dr. Barnes Sears,
page 402.
348 BIBLE READINGS

25. What did Luther say of Carlstadt's Sabbath views?

"Indeed, if Carlstadt were to write further about the Sab-
bath, Sunday would have to give way, and the Sabbath — that
is to say, Saturday — must be kept holy."— Luther, Against
the Celestial Prophets, quoted in "Life of Martin Luther in Pic-
tures," page 147.
26. What claim is now made by the Roman Church concern-
ing the change of the Sabbath to Sunday?
"Question.— Have you any other way of proving that the
church has power to institute festivals of precept?
"Answer.— Had she not such power, she could not have done
that in which all modern religionists agree with her,— she could
not have substituted the observance of Sunday, the first day of
the week, for the observance of Saturday, the seventh day, a
change for which there is no Scriptural authority."—"Doctri-
nal Catechism," by Rev. Stephen Keenan, page 174.
NOTE.- Through want of sufficient light and investigation, and be- •
cause of the efforts of some who opposed the Sabbath during the Reforma-
tion, Sunday was brought from Catholicism into the Protestant church, and
is now cherished as an institution of the Lord. It is clear, however, that it
is none of His planting, but rather the work and result of apostasy. But
a message is now going forth to revive the truth on this point, and calling
for a genuine reformation upon it. See pages 174-185, and next reading.

SABBATH REFORM
1. WHAT kind of worship does Christ say results from doc-
trines based on the commandments of men?
"But in vain they do worship Me, teaching for doctrines the
commandments of men." Matt. 15: 9.
2. What commandment did Christ say the Pharisees had
made void by their teaching?
"For God commanded, saying, Honor thy father and mother.
. . . But ye say, Whosoever shall say to his father or his
mother, It is a gift, by whatsoever thou mightest be profited by
me; and honor not his father or his mother, he shall be free."
Verses 4-6.
3. What was the result of their course?
"Thus have ye made the commandment of God of none effect
by your tradition." Verse 6.
NoTx.— By a gift or dedication of property to the temple service,
they taught that a man might be freed from the duties enjoined by the fifth
commandment.
 SABBATH REFORM 349
4. What question did the disciples soon afterward ask Christ?
" Knowest Thou that the Pharisees were offended, after they
heard this saying?" Verse 12.
5. What answer did the Saviour make?
"But He answered and said, Every plant, which My Heavenly
Father hath not planted, shall be rooted up." Verse 13.
NoTE.— What is true of the fifth commandment is true of every other
commandment. If through tradition men set aside any other of God's
commandments, the words of Christ to the Pharisees are equally applicable
to them. They are guilty of making void the commandment of God, and
of instituting vain worship.
6. When, and by whom, was the Sabbath "planted"?
"For in six days the Lord made heaven and earth, the sea,
and all that in them is, and rested the seventh day: wherefore the
Lord blessed the Sabbath day, and hallowed it." Ex. 20: 11.
7. Who claims to have planted the Sunday institution?
"Question.— Has the [Catholic] church power to make any
alterations in the commandments of God?
"Answer.— . . . Instead of the seventh day, and other
festivals appointed by the old law, the church has prescribed
the Sundays and holy days to be set apart for God's worship;
and these we are now obliged to keep in consequence of God's
commandment, instead of the ancient Sabbath."—"Catholic
Christian Instructed," by the Rt. Rev. Dr. Challoner, page 211.
NoTE.— "We Catholics, then, have precisely the same authority for
keeping Sunday holy, instead of Saturday, as we have for every other
article of our creed; namely, the authority of 'the church of the living God,
the pillar and ground of the truth' (1 Tim. 3: 15); whereas, you who are
Protestants have really no authority for it whatever; for there is no authority
for it in the Bible, and you will not allow that there can be authority for it
anywhere else. Both you and we do, in fact, follow tradition in this matter;
but we follow it, believing it to be a part of God's word, and the church to
be its divinely appointed guardian and interpreter; you follow it, denounc-
ing it all the time as a fallible and treacherous guide, which often 'makes
the commandment of God of none effect."—"Clifton Tracts," Vol. IV,
article "A.Question for All Bible Christians," page 16.
For further quotations on this, see pages 329, 331, 341, 342.
8. When is final salvation to be brought to God's people?
"Who are kept by the power of God through faith unto
salvation ready to be revealed in the last time." 1 Peter 1: 5.
9. When God's salvation is near to come, upon whom does
lie pronounce a blessing?
"Thus saith the Lord, Keep ye judgment, and do justice:
350 BIBLE READINGS
for My salvation is near to come, and My righteousness to be
revealed. Blessed is the man that doeth this, and the son of man
that layeth hold on it; that keepeth the Sabbath from polluting it,
and keepeth his hand from doing any evil." Isa. 56: 1, 2.
10. Is this promised blessing confined to any one class?
"Also the sons of the STRANGER that join themselves to the
Lord, to serve Him, and to love the name of the Lord, to be His
servants, every one that keepeth the Sabbath from polluting it,
and taketh hold of My covenant; even them will I bring to My
holy mountain, and make them joyful in My house of prayer.
Verses 6, 7. •
Nora.— It is evident from these scriptures that in the last day, when
men are waiting for the Saviour to appear, there will be a call for those who
really love the Lord to separate themselves from the world, to observe the
Lord's true Sabbath, and to depart from all evil.
11. What does God tell His ministers to do at this time?
"Cry aloud, spare not, lift up thy voice like a trumpet, and
show My people their transgression, and the house of Jacob their
sins." Isa. 58: 1.
12. What message of Sabbath reform does He send?
"If thou turn away thy foot from the Sabbath, from doing thy
pleasure on My holy day; and call the Sabbath a delight, the
holy of the Lord, honorable; and shalt honor Him, not doing
thine own ways, nor finding thine own pleasure nor speaking
thine own words: then shalt thou delight thyself ' in the Lord;
and I will cause thee to ride upon the high places of the earth,
and feed thee with the heritage of Jacob thy father: for the
mouth of the Lord hath spoken it." Verses 13, 14.
Norm.— The Sabbath of Jehovah is not now, by the majority even
of professed Christians, called holy and honorable. By many it is stig-
matized as "Jewish." The Lord foresaw how this would be in this age,
and inspired the prophet to write as he did. "If thou turn away thy foot
from the Sabbath." This is a strong expression, indicating that many
would be tramplinupon God's day, and doing their own pleasure upon it,
instead of seeking God, and honoring Him by keeping the Sabbath holy.
13. What will those be called who engage in this reformation?
"And thou shalt be called, The repairer of the breach, The
restorer of paths to dwell in." Verse 12.
14. What does another prophet say professed teachers among
God's people have done?
"Her priests have violated My law, and have profaned Mine
holy things: they have put no difference between the holy and
 SABBATH REFORM 351

profane; neither have they shown difference between the un-

clean and the clean, and have hid their eyes from My Sabbaths,
and I am profaned among them." Eze. 22: 26.
15. What have they done to maintain their theories?
"And her prophets have daubed them with untempered mor-
tar, seeing vanity, and divining lies unto them, saying, Thus
saith the Lord God, when the Lord hath not spoken." Verse 28
NOTES.-Untempered mortar is that which is improperly worked,
and Will not therefore hold together or stand the test. Thus it is with the
reasons advanced for keeping Sunday instead of the Bible Sabbath, the
seventh day. They are not only unsound and untenable in themselves,
but are utterly inconsistent, contradictory, and destructive one of the
other, among themselves. They are like the witnesses employed by the
Jewish leaders to condemn Christ. Of these the record says: "The chief
priests and all the council sought for witness against Jesus to put Him to
death; and found none. For many bare false witness against Him, but
their witness agreed not together." Mark 14: 55, 56. The lack of agree-
ment among them was evidence in itself of the falsity of their testimony.
In nothing,. perhaps, is a lack of agreement better illustrated than in the
reasons assigned for Sunday-keeping. Note the following: —
One says the Sabbath has been changed from the seventh to the first
day of the week.
Another says that the Sabbath commandment requires only one day
of rest after six of labor, and hence there has been no change.
Some reason that all ought to keep Sunday, because although, as they
affirm, God did not appoint a particular day, yet agreement is necessary;
and to have any or every day a sabbath would be equal to no sabbath at all.
Others, to avoid the claims of God's law, assert that the Sabbath
precept is one of those ordinances which was against us, contrary to us,
blotted out, and nailed to the cross. Still, they admit that a day of rest and
convocation is necessary, and therefore the day of Christ's resurrection,
they say, has been chosen.
Another class say they believe it is impossible to know which is the
seventh day, although they have no difficulty in ascertaining which is the
first.
Some are so bold even as to declare that Sunday is the original seventh
day.
Others, with equal certainty, say that those who keep the seventh
day are endeavoring to be justified by the law, and are fallen from grace.
Another class, with more liberal views, say they believe that every one
should be fully persuaded in his own mind, whether he keep this day, or
that, or none at all.
Still again, as if having found the great desideratum or missing link
in the argument, men credited with even more than ordinary intelligence,
will sometimes declare that it is impossible to keep the seventh day on a round
and rolling earth; and yet, strange to say, they find no difficulty in keeping
Sunday anywhere, and believe that this day should be observed the world
over!
Lastly, and more terrible and presumptuous than all the rest, some,
like Herod of old in slaying all the children of Bethlehem in order to make
sure of killing Christ, have gone so far as to teach that all ten command-
ments have been abolished, in order to avoid the duty enjoined in the fourth.
But as in the case of Herod, God's Anointed escaped the murderous blow
352 BIBLE READINGS
of this wicked king, so in the judgment such will have to meet God over
His broken law, and will find that the Sabbath precept stands there un-
changed with the rest.
Said Christ, "Whosoever therefore shall break one of these least com-
mandments, and shall teach men so, he shall be called the least in the king-
dom of heaven: but whosoever shall do and teach them, the same shall be
called great in the kingdom of heaven." Matt. 5: 19.
- 16: -What does the Lord say ivilI tocanie'br thla4all thus
daubed with untempered mortar?
"Say unto them which daub it with untempered mortar,
that it shall fall: there shall be an overflowing shower; and ye,
0 great hailstones, shall fall; and a stormy wind shall rend it.''
Eze. 13: 11.
17. When are these hailstones to fall?
"Hast thou entered into the treasures of the snow? or hast
thou seen the treasures of the hail, which I have reserved against
the time of trouble, against the day of battle and war?" Job 38:
22, 23.
18. Under which of the seven last plagues will this hail fall?
"And the seventh angel poured out his vial into the air;
. . . and the cities of the nations fell: . . . and every
island fled away, and the mountains were not found. And there
fell upon men a great hail out of heaven, every stone about the
weight of a talent." Rev. 16: 17-21.
19. In order to prepare His people for that terrible time,
what does God expect His ministers to do?
"Ye have not gone up into the gaps, neither made up the hedge
for the house of Israel to stand in the battle in the day of the
Lord." Eze. 13: 5.
20. Instead of trying to close up this breach made in God's
law [the loss of the Sabbath], and so make up the hedge, what
have they done?
"They have seen vanity and lying divination, saying, The
Lord saith: and the Lord hath not sent them: and they have made
others to hope that they would confirm the word." Verse 6.
21. During these closing scenes, what message is God send-
ing to the world to turn men from false worship to the worship
of the true and living God?
"Fear God, and give glory to Him; for the hour of His judg-
ment is come: and worship Him that made heaven, and earth,
and the sea, and the fountains of waters. . . . Babylon is
 SABBATH REFORM 3E3

fallen, is fallen, that great city, because she made all nations
drink of the wine of the wrath of her fornication. . . . If
any man worship the beast and his image, and receive his mat k
in his forehead, or in his hand, the same shall drink of the wine
of the wrath of God, which is poured out without mixture into
the cup of His indignation." Rev. 14: 7-10.
Nan.— This is the last gospel message to be sent to the world before
the Lord comes. Under it will be developed two classes of people, one
having the mark of the beast (the Papacy), and the other keeping the com-
mandments of God, and having His seal, the Sabbath of the fourth com-
mandment. See readings on pages 181, 333.
22. What, besides attending and taking part in religious
services (Luke 4: 16), did Christ do on the Sabbath day?
"Who went about doing good." Acts 10 : 38. See Matt.
8: 14-17; 12: 1-15; Mark 2: 23-28; 3: 1-6; Luke 6: 1-11; 13:
11-17; 14:1-6; John 5: 1-18; 9:1-41.
NOTE.— When we come to study the life of Christ, we find that He
did not make the Sabbath a day of idleness, nor even a day confined
wholly to public and private worship, but one of active service in blessing
others. On this day especially He went about doing good, ministering to
the sick, and bringing relief to those long bound by Satan. Luke 13: 15,
16; John 5: 5, 6. And as He is our pattern in all things, we, too, like
Him, should seek to make the Sabbath a day for helping and blessing
others. To loose the bands of wickedness, undo the heavy burdens, deal
bread to the hungry, clothe the naked, and let the oppressed go free, is
the fast which God has chosen, and the Sabbath-keeping most accept-
able to Him. Isa. 58: 1-12. In this kind of work and ministry there is
room for a world-wide Sabbath reform.

BROTHER! up to the breach

For God's freedom and truth;
Let us act as we teach,
With the wisdom of age, and the vigor of youth.
Heed not their cannon-balls;
Ask not who stands or falls;
Grasp the sword of the Lord,
And— Forward!

23
 PART X
Christian Liberty

THE AUTHOR OF .LIBERTY

1. How is the bondage of Israel in Egypt described?
"And the children of Israel sighed by reason of the bondage,
and they cried, and their cry came up unto God by reason of
the bondage." Ex. 2: 23. Compare with James 5: 14.
2. Who heard their groaning?
"God heard their groaning, and God remembered His cov-
enant with Abraham, with Isaac, and with Jacob." Verse 24.
3. What did God say to Moses?
"Now therefore, behold, the cry of the children of Israel is
come unto Me: and I have also seen the oppression wherewith
the Egyptians oppress them. Come now therefore, and I will
send thee unto Pharaoh, that thou mayest bring forth My peo-
ple the children of Israel out of Egypt." Ex. 3: 9, 10.
4. In giving Israel His law, how did God describe Himself?
"I am the Lord thy God, which have brought thee out of
the land of Egypt, out of the house of bondage." Ex. 20: 2.
5. What provision did God make against slavery and op-
pression in Israel?
"And if thy brother, an Hebrew man, or an Hebrew woman,
be sold unto thee, and serve thee six years; then in the seventh
year thou shalt let him go free from thee. And when thou sendest
him out free from thee, thou shalt not let him go away empty: thou
shalt furnish him liberally out of thy flock, and out of thy floor,
and out of thy wine-press: of that wherewith the Lord thy God
hath blessed thee thou shalt give unto him. And thou shalt re-
member that thou wast a bondman in the land of Egypt, and the
Lord thy God redeemed thee: therefore I command thee this
thing today." Deut. 15: 12-15. " Thou shalt neither vex a
stranger, nor oppress him: for ye were strangers in the land of
Egypt." Ex. 22:21. See 2 Cor. 1: 3, 4.
6. What was one reason assigned why Israel should keep the
Sabbath?
[354]
 THE AUTHOR OF LIBERTY 355

"And remember that thou wast a servant in the land of Egypt,

and that the Lord thy God brought thee out thence through a
mighty hand and by a stretched-out arm: therefore the Lord thy
God commanded thee to keep the Sabbath day." Deut. 5: 15.
Nam.-- This would suggest the idea that in their servitude and op-
pression in Egypt they had had difficulty regarding the observance of the
Sabbath, which is a fact. From the accusation brought against Moses
and Aaron by Pharaoh, as recorded in Ex. 5:5,— "Ye make them rest
Heb., Shabballd from their burdens,"— it is' plain that the Sabbath had
been denied them, that they had been required to work on the Sabbath,
and that Moses and Aaron were teaching them to keep it. Where in-
dividual rights and religious liberty are recognized, Sabbath observance
is neither denied nor required by civil law.
7. What proclamation was to be made throughout the land
of Israel every fifty years?
"And ye shall hallow the fiftieth year, and proclaim liberty
throughout all the land unto all the inhabitants thereof: it shall
be a jubilee unto you; and ye shall return every man unto his
possession, and ye shall return every man unto his family."
Lev. 25: 10.
8. Because Israel failed to do this, became oppressive, and
disregarded and misused the Sabbath, what did God do?
"Therefore thus saith the Lord; Ye have not, harkened unto
Me, in proclaiming liberty, every one to his brother, and every
man to his neighbor: behold, I proclaim a liberty for you, saith
the Lord, to the sword, to the pestilence, and to the famine; and
I will make you to be removed into all the kingdoms of the earth."
Jer. 34: 17. See also Jer. 17: 24-27; 2 Chron. 36: 19-21.
9. What fault did God find with the way in which Israel
came to celebrate her fasts and seasons of worship?
"Behold, in the day of your fast ye find pleasure, and exact
all your labors. Behold, ye fast for strife and debate, and to
smite with the fist of wickedness." Isa. 58: 3, 4.
10. What does God set forth as the acceptable fast to Him?
"Is not this the fast that I have chosen? to loose the bands
of wickedness, to undo the heavy burdens, and to let the oppressed
go free, and that ye break every yoke? Is it not to deal thy bread
to the hungry, and that thou bring the poor that are cast out to thy
house? when thou seest the naked, that thou cover him; and that
thou hide not thyself from thine own flesh?" Verses 6, 7.
NOTE.- All this shows that God loves liberty, and hates bondage
and oppression.
11. What was Christ's mission to this world?
356 BIBLE READINGS
"The Spirit of the Lord is upon Me, because He hath
anointed Me to preach the gospel to the poor; He hath sent
Me to heal the broken-hearted, to preach deliverance to the cap-
tives, and recovering of sight to the blind, to set at liberty them
that are bruised." Luke 4: 18.
Nara.— The Gospels show that a large part of Christ's time even
otrthe Sabbath watt devotetittrrelieving the-oppressedand distressed:
12. In what condition are those who commit sin?
"Whosoever committeth sin is the servant of sin." John
8:34.
13. Why was Christ's name to be called Jesus?
"And thou shalt call His name Jesus: for He shall save His
people from their sins." Matt. 1: 21.
14. What lies at the root of all sin?
"When lust hath conceived, it bringeth forth sin." James
1: 15. "I had not known lust, except the law had said, Thou
shalt not covet." Rom. 7: 7.
Norn.— Lust, covetousness, and unlawful desire are only different
names for selfishness. Selfishness lies at the root of all sin; and selfishness
is simply the love of self to the disregard of the equal rights of others.
15. By what scripture is the equality of rights clearly shown?
" Thou shalt love thy neighbor as thyself." Lev. 19:18.
16. What rule of conduct has Christ laid down in harmony
with this command?
"Whatsoever ye would that men should do to you, do ye
even so to them." Matt. 7: 12.
NOTE.- Selfishness, then, must be uprooted from men's hearts before
they will recognize the equal rights of their fellow men .
17. Who alone can cleanse men's hearts from selfishness?
"Neither is there salvation in any other: for there is none
other name under heaven given among men, whereby we must
be saved." Acts 4: 12. See also 1 John 1: 9.
18. Who alone, then, can give men real freedom?
"If the Son therefore shall make you free, ye shall be free
indeed." John 8: 36.
19. What was Christ's attitude toward unbelievers?
"If any man hear My words, and believe not, I judge him
not: for I came not to judge the world, but to save the world."
John 12:47.
 THE AUTHOR OF LIBERTY 357
20. What spirit did Christ say should control His disciples?
"But Jesus called them to Him, and saith unto them, Ye
know that they which are accounted to rule over the Gentiles
exercise lordship over them; and their great ones exercise
authority upon them. But so shall it not be among you. but
whosoever will be great among you, shall be your minister: and
whosoever of you will be the chiefest, shall be servant of all.
For even the Son of man came not to be ministered unto, but to
minister, and to give His life a ransom for many." Mark 10:
42-45.
21. What is present where the Spirit of the Lord is?
"Now the Lord is that Spirit: and where the Spirit of the
Lord is, there is liberty." 2 Cor. 3: 17.
22. What kind of worship only is acceptable to God?
"But the hour cometh, and now is, when the true worshipers
shall worship the Father in spirit and in truth: for the Father
seeketh such to worship Him. God is a Spirit: and they that
worship Him must worship Him in spirit and in truth." John
4:23, 24.
THE POWERS THAT BE
1. WHO should be subject to civil government?
"Let every soul be subject unto the higher powers. For
there is no power but of God." Rom. 13: 1.
2. By whom are the powers that be ordained?
"The powers that be are ordained of God." Same verse.
•3. What does one resist, who resists civil authority?
"Whosoever therefore resisteth the power, resisteth the
ordinance of God: and they that resist shall receive to them-
selves damnation." Verse 2.
NOTE.- "That is, they who rise up against government itself; who
seek anarchy and confusion, who oppose the regular execution of the laws.
It is implied, however, that those laws shall not be such as violate the rights
of conscience or oppose the law of God."— Dr. Albert Barnes, on Rom. 13: 2.
4. What do the Scriptures indicate as the proper sphere and
legitimate work of civil authority?
"For rulers are not a terror to good works, but to the evil.
. . . If thou do that which is evil, be afraid; for he beareth
not the sword in vain: for he is the minister of God, a revenger
to execute wrath upon him that doeth evil." Verses 3, 4.
358 BIBLE READINGS
5. For whom is law made?
"Knowing this, that the law is not made for a righteous
man, but for the lawless and disobedient." 1 Tim. 1: 9.
6. How are Christians admonished to respect civil authority?
".Put-them-in min&-terte-zubject -to principalities and
powers, to obey magistrates, to be ready to every good work."
Titus 3: 1. "Submit yourselves to every ordinance of man for
the Lord's sake: whether it be to the king, as supreme; or unto
governors, as unto them that are sent by him for the punishment
of evil-doers, and for the praise of them that do well. . . .
Honor all men. Love the brotherhood. Fear God. Honor
the king." 1 Peter 2: 13-17. "For for this cause pay ye tribute
also: for they are God's ministers, attending continually upon
this very thing. Render therefore to all their dues: tribute to
whom tribute is due; custom to whom custom; fear to whom
fear; honor to whom honor." Rom. 13:6, 7.
7. In what words does Christ show that there is another
realm outside of CEesar's, or civil government?
"Render therefore unto Caesar the things which are Cmsar's;
and unto God the things that are God's." Matt. 22: 21.
8. To whom alone did He say worship is to be rendered?
"Thou shalt worship the Lord thy God, and Him only shalt
thou serve." Matt. 4: 10.
9. What decree did King Nebuchadnezzar once make re-
specting worship?
"To yoti it is commanded, 0 people, nations, and languages,
that at what time ye hear the sound of the cornet, flute, harp,
sackbut, psaltery, dulcimer, and all kinds of music, ye fall down
and worship the golden image that Nebuchadnezzar the king hath
set up. And whoso falleth not down and worshipeth shall the
same hour be cast into the midst of a burning fiery furnace."
Dan. 3:4-6.
Nom.— This decree was in direct conflict with the second command-
ment of God's law, which forbids making, bowing down to, and serving
images. It was religious, idolatrous, and persecuting in character.
10. What answer did the three Hebrew captives, Shadrach,
Meshach, and Abed-nego, return when asked by the king why
they had not fallen down and worshiped the golden image, as
he had commanded?
"Shadrach, Meshach, and Abed-nego, answered and said to
the king, 0 Nebuchadnezzar, we are not careful to answer thee
 THE POWERS THAT BE 359
in this matter. If it be so, our God whom we serve is able to
deliver us from the burning fiery furnace, and He will deliver
us out of thine hand, 0 king. But if not, be it known unto thee,
0 king, that we will not serve thy gods, nor worship the golden
image which thou hast set up." Verses 16-18.
11. What did Nebuchadnezzar then do?
"Then was Nebuchadnezzar full of fury, and the form of
his visage was changed against Shadrach, Meshach, and Abed-
nego: . . . and he commanded the most mighty men that
were in his army to bind Shadrach, Meshach, and Abed-nego,
and to cast them into the burning fiery furnace." Verses 19, 20.
12. After their miraculous deliverance, what did Nebu-
chadnezzar say?
"Then Nebuchadnezzar spake, and said, Blessed be the God
of Shadrach, Meshach, and Abed-nego, who hath sent His
angel, and delivered His servants that trusted in Him, and have
changed the Icing's word, and yielded their bodies, that they
might not serve nor worship any god, except their own God."
Verse 28.
Nm'n.— By preserving these men in the fire, and thus changing the
king's word, God was demonstrating before all the world, through this great-
est of then-existing earthly kingdoms, that with the question of religion civil
governments can of right have nothing whatsoever to do; that religion is a
realm, outside the legitimate sphere of civil authority; and that every in-
dividual should be left free to worship, or not to worship, according to the
dictates of his own conscience. The lesson to be learned from this is that,
although ordained of God, civil governments are not ordained to direct
or oppress men in religious matters.
13. How only did the envious princes and rulers under King
Darius conclude that they could effect the downfall of Daniel?
"Then said these men, We shall not find any occasion against
this Daniel, except we find it against him concerning the law of
his God." Dan. 6: 5.
14. To this end, what decree did they prevail upon the king
to make and sign?
"That whosoever shall ask a petition of any God or man
for thirty days, save of thee, 0 king, he shall be cast into the
den of lions." Verse 7.
NOTE.- Unlike the decree of Nebuchadnezzar, this decree forbade
the worship of the true God, and was therefore in direct conflict with the
first commandment, which forbids the worship of any other than the true
God. Like it, however, it was religious and persecuting in character.
15. How did Daniel regard this decree?
 360 BIBLE READINGS
"Now when Daniel knew that the writing was signed, he
went into his house; and his windows being open in his chamber
toward Jerusalem, he kneeled upon his knees three times a day,
and prayed, and gave thanks before his God, as he did aforetime."
1.1•••••••.
Verse 10.
16. What was finally done with Daniel?
"Then the king commanded, and they brought Daniel, and
cast him into the den of lions." Verse 16.
17. What did Darius say to Daniel the next morning when
he came to the lions' den?
"The king spake and said to Daniel, 0 Daniel, servant of
the living God, is thy God, whom thou servest continually,
able to deliver thee from the lions?" Verse 20.
18. What was Daniel's reply?
"Then said Daniel unto the king, 0 king, live forever. My
God hath sent His angel, and hath shut the lions' mouths, that
they have not hurt me: forasmuch as before Him innocency
was found in me; and also before thee, 0 king, have I done no
hurt." Verses 21, 22.
Nun.— Here again was demonstrated by a most remarkable miracle,
wrought in the face of the greatest nation then in existence, that with
the directing, prescribing, proscribing, or interfering with religion or its
free exercise, civil *overnments can of right have nothing whatever to do;
that religion is an individual matter, and should be left to the dictates of
each one's own conscience.
19. Before leaving His disciples, what command did Christ
give them?
" Go ye into all the world, and preach the gospel to every
creature." Mark 16: 15.
20. What counter-command did the Jewish Sanhedrin soon
afterward give them?
"And they called them, and commanded them not to speak
at all nor teach in the name of Jesus." Acts 4: 18.
21. What reply did Peter and John make?
"But Peter and John answered and said unto them, Whether
it be right in the sight of God to harken unto you more than unto
God, judge ye. For we cannot but speak the things which we
have seen and heard." Verses 19, 20.
22. For continuing to preach Jesus, what did the Jewish
rulers do to the apostles?
 THE POWERS THAT BE 361
"Then the high priest rose up, and all they that were with
him, (which is the sect of the Sadducees,) and were filled with
indignation, and laid their hands on the apostles, and put them in
the common prison." Acts 5: 17, 18.
23. What did an angel of God then do?
"But the angel of the Lord by night opened the prison doors,
and brought them forth, and said, Go, stand and speak in the
temple to the people all the words of this life." Verses 19, 20.
Now.— Here once again is demonstrated the fact that men have
no right to interfere with the free exercise of religion, and that when the
laws of men conflict with the law and Word of God, we are to obey the
latter, whatever the consequences may be. God Himself has set the seal
of His approval to such a course. John Bunyan was imprisoned for
twelve years for daring to preach the gospel contrary to law.
24. Upon the apostles being called before the council again,
what question did the high priest ask them?
"Did not we straitly command you that ye should not teach
in this name? and, behold, ye have filled Jerusalem with your
doctrine, and intend to bring this man's blood upon us."
Verse 28.
25. What reply did the apostles make?
"Then Peter and the other apostles answered and said, We
ought to obey God rather than men." Verse 29.
Nova.— "Obedience is to be rendered to all human governments,
in subordination to the will of God. These governments are a recognized
necessity, in the nature of the case, and their existence is manifestly in
accordance with the divine will. Hence the presumption is always in
favor of the authority of civil law, and any refusal to obey must be based
on the moral proof that obedience will be sin. . . . It is still true that
obedience to human law often involves sin against God and man. There
are cases so clear that no one can question the duty to refuse obedience.
In all times and in all lands such cases have arisen." "It is too obvious
to need discussion, that the law of God, the great principle of benevolence,
is supreme, and that ' we ought to obey God rather than men' in any case
of conflict' between human law and the divine."—" Moral Philosophy,"
by James H. Fairchild, pages 178-181.
26. Who is higher than the "higher powers"?
"If thou seest the oppression of the poor, and violent per-
verting of judgment and justice in a province, marvel not at
the matter: for He that is higher than the highest regardeth; and
there be higher than they." Eccl. 5: 8.
Nam— In attempting to defend the ri*ht of - civil government to
enforce religious observances by law, some still ask, "S l we not obey
the powere that be?" We answer, "Yes, when they are in harmony with
the higher powers that be. God made His law for all the universe. He
362 BIBLE READINGS

created man; He gives the bounteous provisions of nature and holds our
breath and life in His hand. He is to be recognized, His law honored,
before all the great men and the highest earthly powers."

27. Because Mordecai refused to bow down to Haman in

accordance with the command of King Ahasuerus (Esther 3:
1-Q what decree did Haman succeed in having the king issue
an sen every proven el .: oat

"And the letters were sent by posts into all the king's prov-
inces, to destroy, to kill, and to cause to perish, all Jews, both young
and old, little children and women, in one day, even upon the thir-
teenth day of the twelfth month, which is the month Adar, and
to take the spoil of them for a prey. The copy of the writing
for a commandment to be given in every province was pub-
lished unto all people, that they should be ready against that
day." Esther 3: 13, 14.
NOTES.— By an overruling of Providence the carrying out of this ter-
rible decree was averted, and Haman was hanged on the very gallows
which he had erected for the execution of Mordecai. See Esther 7: 9, 10.
God has placed the sword (civil authority) in the hands of Ciesar
(civil government) for the punishment of evil-doers; but when the sword
is raised to slay the innocent, as in the case of the children of Bethlehem
(Matt. 2: 16); or to enforce idolatrous worship, as in the case of the three
Hebrews (Daniel 3); or to prohibit the worship of the true God, as in the case
of Daniel (Daniel 6); or to slay all of God's people, as in the time of Esther;
or to enforce the observance of a false sabbath, as in the case of all Sunday
laws, it is an abuse of civil authority, and not a proper or justifiable use of
it; and God honors those who, under such circumstances, in the face of
persecution, oppression, and death, remain loyal and true to Him.
"Government is never the gainer in the execution of a law that is
manifestly unjust. . . . Conscientious men are not the enemies, but
the friends, of any government but a tyranny. They are its strength,
and not its weakness. Daniel, in Babylon, praying contrary to the law,
was the true friend and supporter of the government; while those who, in
their pretended zeal for the law and the constitution, would strike down
the good man, were its real enemies. It is only when government tran-
scends its sphere that it comes in conflict with the consciences of men.
"But it is objected that the example is corrupting,— that a bad man
will violate a good law, because the good man refuses to obey a wicked
law. The cases are just as unlike as right and wrong and any attempt to
justify the one by the other is gross dishonesty. Unquestionably, the
principle can be abused by the wicked, and so can any truth whatever;
but the principle of unquestioning obedience to human law is false, and
needs no perversion to make it mischievous. . . .
"It should always be remembered that the great end of government
is human well-being, that law and authority are nothing in themselves,
and that all their sacredness arises from the uses which they serve. The
machinery of government is valuable only for the work it does; in itself,
it has no value. . . . The most grievous of all imperfections in gov-
ernment is the failure to secure the just and good result. . . . Injus-
tice and oppression are not made tolerable by being in strict accordance
with the law. Nothing is surer, in the end, than ale reaction of such
 THE POWERS THAT BE 363
wrong to break down the most perfectly constituted government."—
"M oral Philosophy," by James H. Fairchild, pages 184-186.
God is above all earthly rulers, and His law above all human laws.
He made us, and we therefore owe alle*iance to Him before any earthly
power, potentate, or tribunal. And this is saying nothing in disparage-
ment of civil authority exercised in its rightful domain — civil things.

INDIVIDUAL ACCOUNTABILITY
1. WHAT is religion?
"The recognition of God as an object of worship, love, and
obedience."— Webster. Other definitions equally good are:
"The duty which we owe to our Creator, and the manner of
discharging it." "Man's personal relation of faith and obe-
dience to God."
2. In religious things, whom alone did Christ say we should
recognize as Father?
"And call no man your father upon the earth: for one is your
Father, which is in heaven." Matt. 23: 9.
3. When tempted to fall down and worship Satan, what
Scripture command did Christ cite in justification of His refusal
to do this?
"Then saith Jesus unto him, Get thee hence, Satan: for it
is written, Thou shalt worship the Lord thy God, and Him only
shalt thau serve." Matt. 4: 10. See Deut. 6: 13; 10: 20.
4. To whom alone, then, is each one accountable in religious
things?
"So then every one of us shall give account of himself to
God." Rom. 14: 12.
Nary.— With this agree the words of Washington: "Every man who
conducts himself as a good citizen, is accountable alone to God for his
religious faith, and should be protected in worshiping God according to
the dictates of his own conscience."— Reply to Virginia Baptists, in 1789.
5. What do those do, therefore, who make men accountable
to them in religious affairs?
They put themselves in the place of God. See 2 Thess.
2:3, 4.
6. Why, in religious matters, did Christ say men should
not be called masters?
"Neither be ye called masters: for one is your Master, even
Christ." Matt. 23: 10.
364 BIBLE READINGS
NomE.— Every one, therefore, who acts as master in Christ's church,
or lords it over God's heritage (1 Peter 5: 3), puts himself in the place
of Christ.
7. To whom, then, as servants, are we responsible in matters
of faith and worship?
"Who art thou that judgest another man's servant? to his
own master he standeth or falleth." Rom. 14: 4.
8. Whose servants are we not to be?
"Ye are bought with a price; be not ye the servants of men."
1 Cor. 7:23.
NOTE.-" Satan's methodti ever tend to one end,—to make men the
slaves of men," and thus separate them from God, destroy faith in God,
and so expose men to temptation and sin. Christ's work is to set men
free, to renew faith, and to lead to willing and loyal obedience to God.
Says Luther: "It is contrary to the will of God that man should be sub-
ject to man in that which pertains to eternal life. Subjection in spirituals
is a real worship, and should be rendered only to the Creator."— D'Au-
bigne's "History of the Reformation," edited by M. Laird Simons, book
7, chap. 11.
9. Where must all finally appear to render up their account?
"For we must all appear before the judgment-seat of Christ;
that every one may receive the things done in his body, ac-
cording to that he hath done, whether it be good or bad." 2
Cor. 5: 10.
Nomx.— Inasmuch, then, as religion is an individual matter, and each
individual must give account of himself to God, it follows that there
should be no human constraint nor compulsion in religious affairs.

UNION OF CHURCH AND STATE

1. WHAT was already at work in the church in Paul's day?
"For the mystery of iniquity doth already work." 2 Thess.
2: 7.
2. What class of men did he say would arise in the church?
"For I know this, that after my departing shall grievous
wolves enter in among you, not sparing the flock. Also of your
own selves shall men arise, speaking perverse things, to draw away
disciples after them." Acts 20: 29, 30.
3. Through what experience was the church to pass, and
what was to develop in the church, before Christ's second
coming?
"Let no man deceive you by any means: for that day shall
 UNION OF CHURCH AND STATE 365
not come, except there come a falling away first, and that man of
sin be revealed, the son of perdition." 2 Thess. 2: 3.
4. In what was shown the first tangible evidence of this
"falling away" from the truth of God?
The adoption of heathen rites and customs in the church.
NOTE.- "The bishops augmented the number of religious rites in
the Christian worship, by way of accommodation to the infirmities and
prejudices, both of Jews and heathen, in order to facilitate their conversion
to Christianity. . . . For this purpose, they gave the name of mys-
teries to the institutions of the gospel, and decorated particularly the holy
sacrament with that solemn title. They used in that sacred institution,
as also in that of baptism, several of the terms employed in the heathen
mysteries, and proceeded so far, at length, as even to adopt some of the
rites and of the ceremonies of which those renowned mysteries consisted."
Mosheim's "Ecclesiastical History" (Maclaine's translation), cent. 5, part
5, chap. 4, pars. 2-5.
5. How early was this tendency manifested?
"This imitation began in the eastern provinces; but, after
the time of Adrian [emperor 117-138 A. D.], who first intro-
duced the mysteries among the Latins, it was followed by the
Christians who dwelt in the western parts of the empire."—Id.,
par. 5.
6. What has been one great characteristic of the Papacy?
A union of church and state, or the religious power dom-
inating the civil power to further its ends.
7. When was the union of church and state formed from
which the Papacy grew?
During the reign of Constantine, 313-337 A. D.
8. What was the character and the work of many of the
bishops at that time?
"Worldly-minded bishops, instead of caring for the salvation
of their flocks, were often but too much inclined to travel about,
and entangle themselves in worldly concerns."— Neander's "His-
tory of the. Christian Reli„ion and Church" (Torrey's translation),
Vol. II, page 16.
9. What did the bishops determine to do?
"This theocratical theory was already the prevailing one
in the time of Constantine; and . . . the bishops volun-
taziTy made themselves dependent on him by their disputes,
and by their determination to make use of the power of the state for
the furtherance of their aims."— Id., page 132.
366 BIBLE READINGS
NOTE.- The "theocratical theory" was that of a government ad-
ministered by God through the church, particularly through the church
bishops.
10. What was the date of Constantine's famous Sunday law?
A. D. 321.
11. When and by whom was the Council of Nice convened?
By the emperor Constantine, 325 A. D.
12. Under what authority were its decrees published?
"The decrees . . . were published under the imperial
authority, and thus obtained a political importance."— Id.,
page 133.
13. What was one principal object in calling this council?
"The question relating to the observance of Easter, which
was agitated in the time of Anicetus and Polycarp, and after-
ward in that of Victor, was still undecided. It was one of the
principal reasons for convoking the Council of Nice, being the
most important subject to be considered after the Arian contro-
versy."
"It appears that the churches of Syria and Mesopotamia
continued to follow the custom of the Jews, and celebrated
Easter on the fourteenth day of the moon, whether falling on Sun-
day or not. All the other churches observed that solemnity
on Sunday only, namely; those of Rome, Italy, Africa, Lydia,
Egypt, Spain, Gaul, and Britain; and all Greece, Asia, and
Pontus."— Boyle's "Historical View of the Council of Nice,"
page 23, edition 1836.
14. How was the matter finally decided?
"Easter day was fixed on the Sunday immediately following
the full moon which was nearest after the vernal equinox."
— Id., page 24.
15. What was decreed by the Council of Laodicea, A. D. 364?
That Christians should keep the Sunday, and that if they
persist in resting on the Sabbath, "they shall be shut out from
Christ." See pages 329, 332, 347.
•
16. What imperial law was issued in A. D. 386?
"By a law of the year 386, those older changes effected by
Constantine were more vigorously enforced; and, in general,
civil transactions of every kind on Sunday were strictly for-
bidden."— Neancler's "Church History," Vol. II, page 300.
 UNION OP CHURCH AND STATE 367
17. What petition was made to the emperor by a church
convention of bishops in A. D. 401?
"That the public shows might be transferred from the
Christian Sunday and from the feast-days to some other days
of the week."— Ib.
Nan.— The desired law was secured in 425 A. D. See pages 332, 369.
18. What was the object of the church bishops in securing
these Sunday laws?
"That the day might be devoted with less interruption to
the purposes of devotion." "That the devotion of the faithful
might be free from all disturbance."— Id., pages 297, 301.
19. How was the "devotion" of the "faithful " disturbed?
"Church teachers . . . were, in truth, often forced to
complain that in such competitions the theater was vastly more
frequented than the church."— Id., page 300.
20. What does Neander say of the securing of these laws?
"In this way the church received help from the state for
the furtherance of her ends."— Id., page 301.
NOTE.- In this way, more perhaps than in any other, 'church and
state were united. In this way the church gained control of the civil power,
which she later used as a means of carrying on most bitter and extensive
persecutions. In this way she denied Christ and the power of godliness
21. When the church had received help from the state to
this extent, what more did she demand?
That the civil power should be exerted to compel men to
serve God as the church should dictate.
22. What did Augustine, the father of this theocratical or
church-and-state theory, teach concerning it?
"Who doubts but what it is better to be led to God by in-
struction than by fear of punishment or affliction? But be-
cause the former, who will be guided only by instruction, are
better, the others are still not to be neglected. . . . any,
like bad servants, must often be reclaimed to their Master by
the rod of temporal suffering, ere they can attain to this highest
stage of religious development."— Id., pages 214, 215.
23. What is Neander's conclusion regarding this theory?
"It was by Augustine, then, that a theory was proposed
and founded, which, tempered though it was, in its practical
application, by his own pious, philanthropic spirit, nevertheless
contained the germ of 'that whole system of spiritual despotism,
368 BIBLE READINGS

of intolerance and persecution, which ended in the tribunals

of the Inquisition." " He did not give precedence to the ques-
tion, What is right? over the question, What is expedient? But
a theory which overlooks these distinctions leaves room for
any despotism,. which would maks holy eackLa- pretext ler- the-
use of unholy means."—Id., pages 217, 2.49, 250.
Norm.— It was thus that the union of church and state was formed,
out of which was developed "the beast," or Papacy, of the Apocalypse,
which made "war with the saints" and overcame them. A like course
cannot fail to produce like results today. Dr. Philip Schaff, in his work
on "Church and State," page 11, well says: "Secular power has proved a
satanic gift to the church, and ecclesiastical power has proved an engine
of tyranny in the hands of the state."

SABBATH LEGISLATION
1. WHO made the Sabbath?
"In six days the Lord made heaven and earth, the sea, and
all that in them is, and rested the seventh day; wherefore the Lord
blessed the Sabbath day, and hallowed it." Ex. 20: 11.
2. To whom does the Sabbath belong?
" The seventh day is the Sabbath of the Lord thy God."
Verse 10.
3. To whom, then, should its observance be rendered?
"Render to Caesar the things that are Caesar's, and to God
the things that are God's." Mark 12: 17.
NoTE.— When men make Sabbath laws, therefore, they require Sab-
bath observance to be rendered to the government, or, presjamably, by
indirection, to God through the government, which amounts to the same
thing.
4. In religious things, to whom alone are we accountable?
"So then every one of us shall give account of himself to
God." Rom. 14: 12.
NOTE.-But when men make compulsory Sabbath laws, they make
men accountable to the government for Sabbath observance.
5. How does God command us to keep the Sabbath day?
"Remember the Sabbath day, to keep it holy." Ex. 20: 8.
6. What does He indicate as one of its purposes?
"Six days shall work be done: but the seventh day is the
Sabbath of rest, an holy convocation; ye shall do no work therein:
it is the Sabbath of the Lord in all your dwellings." Lev. 23: 3.
 SABBATH LEGISLATION 369
7. Seeing, then, that the Sabbath is holy, is to be kept holy,
and is a day for holy convocations, what must be its character?
It must be religious.
8. What, then, must be the nature of all Sabbath legislation?
It is religious legislation.
9. When the state enacts religious laws, what is effected?
A union of church and state. .
10. What has always been the result of religious legislation,
or a union of church and state?
Religious intolerance and persecution.
11. What was Constantine's Sunday law of March 7, 321?
"Let all the judges and town people, and the occupation
of all trades rest on the venerable day of the sun; but let those
who are situated in the country, freely and at full liberty, at-
tend to the business of agriculture; because it often happens
that no other day is so fit for sowing corn and planting vines;
lest the critical moment being let slip, men should lose the com-
modities granted by heaven."— Corpus Julie Civilis Cod., lib. 3,
tit. 12, 3.
12. What further imperial legislation in behalf of Sunday
observance was issued in 386?
"By a law of the year 386, those older changes effected by
the emperor Constantine were more rigorously enforced, and,
in general, civil transactions of every kind on Sunday were
strictly forbidden."— Neander's "Church History," Vol.
page 300, edition 1852.
13. At the instance of church bishops, what still further law
was secured under Theodosius the Younger, in 425?
"In the year 425, the exhibition of spectacles on Sunday
and on the principal feast-days of the Christians, was forbidden,
in order that the devotion of the faithful might be free from all
disturbance."— Id., pages 300, 301.
14. What does the historian say of this legislation?
"In this way the church received help from the state for the
furtherance of her ends. . . . But had it not been for that
confusion of spiritual and secular interests, had it not been for
the vast number of mere outward conversions thus brought about,
she would have needed no such help."— Id., page 301,
24
370 BIBLE READINGS

15. What did Charlemagne's Sunday law of 800 require?

"We do ordain, as it is required by the law of God, that no
man shall do any servile work on the Lord's day: . . . that
women weave not or dress cloth, do no needlework, or card
wool, or hot hemp, or wash linen openly, or shear sheep; but
that they all come to chUrch to magnify tointtelf God."
— Crafts's "Sabbath for Man," page 556.
16. How does the Sunday law of Charles II, of 1676, read?
"For the better observation and keeping holy the Lord's
day, commonly called Sunday: be it enacted . . . that all
the laws enacted and in force concerning the observation of the
day, and repairing to the church thereon, be carefully put in
execution; and that all and every person and persons what-
soever shall upon every Lord's day apply themselves to the
observation of the same, by exercising themselves thereon in
the duties of piety and true religion. —" Revised Statutes of
England From 1285-1685 A. D." (London, 1870), pages 779, 780.
NavE.— Section 2 of this law, which is still in force in England. pro-
vides that in case the offender cannot meet the fines imposed, he shall "be
set public in the stocks for the space of two hours."
17. What did the first Sunday law enacted in America, that
of Virginia, in 1610, require?
"Every man and woman shall repair in the morning to the
divine service and sermons preached upon the Sabbath day, and in
the afternoon to divine service, and catechizing, upon pain for the
first fault to lose their provision and the allowance for the whole
week following; for the second, to lose the said allowance and also
be whipped; and for the third to suffer death."— Articles, Laws,
and Orders, Divine, Politique, and Martial, for the Colony in Vir-
ginia: first established by Sir Thomas Gates, Knight, Lieutenant-
General, the 24th of May, 1610.
NOTES.- These are the original Sunday laws, after which all the Sun-
day laws of Europe and America have been modeled. Church attendance
is not generally required by the Sunday laws of the present day, nor was it
required, in terms, by the earliest Sunday laws; but that is and ever has
been the chief object of all Sunday legislation from Constantine's time on.
Sunday laws are religious, and, as their history shows, they have been
one of the chief means of uniting, and perpetuating the union of, church
and state, and paving the way for ecclesiastical establishments and reli-
gious intolerance and persecution.
Religious legislation on the part of civil government is as much out
of place today as it ever was. Men have no more right now to select a
day as the Sabbath, and command all to observe it, than had Nebuchad-
nezzar to erect an image, and command all to bow down to it. Sabbath
legislation is religious legislation, and religious legislation can have no
rightful place in civil government.
 WHO PERSECUTE AND WHY
1. BECAUSE Jesus had not kept the Sabbath according to
their ideas, what did the Jews do?
"Therefore did the Jews persecute Jesus, and sought to slay
Him, because He had done these things on the Sabbath day."
John 5: 16.
2. What kind of fast is most acceptable to God?
"Is not this the fast that I have chosen? to loose the bands
of wickedness, to undo the heavy burdens, and to let the oppressed
go free, and that ye break every yoke?" Isa. 58: 6.
NOTE.— This is what Jesus did. He, the Author and Lord of the
Sabbath, in addition to attending and taking part in religious services
(Luke 4: 16), went about doing good, healing the sick, relieving the op-
pressed, and restoring the impotent, lame, and blind, on the Sabbath day.
But this, while in perfect accord with the law of God, the great law of love,
was contrary to the traditions and perverted ideas of the Jews respect-
ing the Sabbath. Hence they persecuted Him, and sought to slay Him.
3. Why did Cain kill Abel?
"For this is the message that ye have heard from the begin-
ning, that we should love one another. Not as Cain, who was
of that wicked one, and slew his brother. And wherefore slew
he him? Because his own works were evil, and his brother's
righteous." 1 John 3: 11, 12.
Nova.— The following comment upon this passage by M. de Ches-
nais, a Catholic priest of New Zealand, is well put: "If you would read the
Word of God, you would find that from the beginning all good people were
persecuted because they were good. Abel was slain by his brother be-
cause he was good, and Cain could not endure the sight of him."— Kai-
koura (New Zealand) Star, April 10, 1884.
4. Commenting upon the treatment of Isaac, the son of
Sarah, by Ishmael, the son of the bondwoman, what principle
does the apostle Paul lay down?
"But as then he that was born after the flesh persecuted him
that was born after the Spirit, even so it is now." Gal. 4: 29.
5. What other instances of persecution mentioned in the
Bible, demonstrate the correctness of this principle?
a. Esau, who sold his birthright, persecuted Jacob, who
vowed his loyalty to God. Gen. 25: 29-34; 27:41; 32: 6.
b. The wayward and envious sons of Jacob persecuted
Joseph, who fe,ared God. Genesis 37; Acts 7: 9.
c. The idolatrous Egyptians persecuted the Hebrews, who
worshiped the true God. Exodus 1 and 5.
[371]
372 BIBLE READINGS
d. The Hebrew who did his neighbor wrong thrust Moses,
as mediator, aside. Ex. 2: 13, 14; Acts 7: 26, 27.
e. Saul, who disobeyed God, persecuted David, who feared
God. 1 Samuel 15, 19, 24.
f. Israel, in their apostasy, persecuted Elijah and Jere-
m h, GAL 1,94,94-49;
20-23; 38: 1-6.
g. Nebuchadnezzar, while an idolater, persecuted the three
Hebrew captives for refusing to worship idols. Daniel 3.
h. The envious and idolatrous princes under Darius, perse-
cuted Daniel for daring to pray to the God of heaven. Daniel 6.
i. The murderers of Christ persecuted the apostles for
preaching Christ. Acts 4 and 5.
j. Paul, before his conversion, persecuted the church of
God. Acts 8: 1; 9: 1, 2; 22:4, 5, 20; 26:9-11; Gal. 1: 13;
1 Tim. 1: 12, 13.
Nun.— The history of all the religious persecutions since Bible times
is but a repetition of this same story,— the wicked persecute the righteous.
And thus it will continue to be until the conflict between good and evil is
ended.
6. Who does Paul say shall suffer persecution?
"Yea, and all that will live godly in Christ Jesus shall suffer
persecution." 2 Tim. 3: 12.
7. What is essential to extensive religious persecution?
Ecclesiastical control of the civil power, or a union of church
and state.
8. Since persecution is invariably wrong, and the persecutor
is generally in the wrong on religious subjects, what must be
true of persecuting governments?
They likewise must be in the wrong.
NoTEs.— "There are many who do not seem to be sensible that all
violence in religion is irreligious, and that, whoever is wrong, the perse-
cutor cannot be right."— Thomas Clarke.
"Have not almost all the governments in the world always been in
the wrong on religious subjects?"— Macaulay.
"Do not the Scriptures clearly show that they who persecute are
generally in the wrong, and they who suffer persecution in the right,—
that the majority has always been on the side of falsehood, and the
minority only on the side of truth?"— Luther.
"Religion was intended to bring peace on earth and good will towards
men, and whatever tends to hatred and persecution, however correct in
the letter, must be utterly wrong in the spirit."— Henry Varnum.
God never forces the will or the conscience; but, in order to bring
men under sin, Satan resorts to force. To accomplish his purpose, he
 WHO PERSECUTE AND WHY 373
works through religious and secular rulers, influencing them to enact and
enforce human laws in defiance of the law of God.
9. Under what terrible deception did Christ say men would
persecute His followers?
"These things have I spoken unto you, that ye should not
be offended. They shall put you out of the synagogues: yea,
the time cometh, that whosoever killeth you will think that he
doeth God service." John 16: 1, 2.
10. Who is the original murderer?
"Ye are of your father the devil, and the lusts of your father
ye will do. He was a murderer from the beginning, and abode not
in the truth, because there is no truth in him. When he speak-
eth a lie, he speaketh of his own: for he is a liar, and the father
of it." John 8: 44.
11. When James and John wished to call down fire from
heaven to consume the Samaritans who did not receive Christ,
what did Christ say to them?
"He turned, and rebuked them, and said, Ye know not what
manner of spirit ye are of. For the Son of man is not come to
destroy men's lives, but to save them." Luke 9: 55, 56.
NomEs.— Some of the reasons given in justification of persecution
may be noted in the following quotations:—
" The state cannot afford to permit religious liberty. We hear a
great deal about religious tolerance, but we are only tolerant in so far as
we are not interested. A person may be tolerant toward a religion if he
is not religious. . . . Intolerance means fervor and zeal. The best
the state can do is to establish a limited religious liberty; but beyond a
certain degree of tolerance the state cannot afford to admit the doctrine."
— Monsignor Russell (Catholic), quoted in Washington Post, May 5, 1910.
" The church has persecuted. Only a tyro in church history will
deny that. . . . We have always defended the persecution of the
Huguenots, and the Spanish Inquisition. When she thinks it good to use
physical force, she will use it. . . . But will the Catholic Church give
bond that she will not persecute at all? Will she guarantee absolute free-
dom and equality of all churches and all faiths? The Catholic Church
gives no bonds for her good behavior."— Editorial in Western Watchman
(Catholic), of St. Louis, Mo., Dec. 24, 1908.
"The Inquisition was a very merciful tribunal; I repeat it, almost a
compassionate tribunal. . . . A man was only allowed to be racked
once, which no one can deny was a most wonderful leniency in those
times."— Catholic Mirror, official organ of Cardinal Gibbons, Aug. 29, 1896.
"We confess that the Roman Catholic Church is intolerant; that is
to say, that it uses all the means in its power for the extirpation of error
and sin; but this intolerance is the logical and necessary consequence of
her infallibility. She alone has the right to be intolerant, because she alone
has the truth. The church tolerates heretics where she is obliged to do so,
but she hates them mortally, and employs all her force to secure their
annihilation."— Shepherd of the Valley (St. Louis, Mo.), 1876.
374 BIBLE READINGS

This erroneous position has been well refuted by Lord Macaulay

in the following words: "The doctrine which, from the very first origin
of religious dissensions, has been held by all bigots of all sects, when con-
densed into few words and stripped of rhetorical disguise, is simply this:
I am in the right, and you are in the wrong. When you are the stronger,
you ought to tolerate me; for it is your duty to tolerate truth. But when
I am the stronger, I shall persecute you; for it is my duty to persecute
error."— Essay on "Sir Tames Mackintosh."
jamm itniain w sal : en re gion g w e' care
—
of itself ; when it is not able to take care of itself, and God does not see fit to
take care of it, so that it has to appeal to the civil power for support, it is
evidence to my mind that its cause is a bad one."— Letter to Dr. Price.
John Wesley gave the following Christian advice: "Condemn no man
for not thinking as you think. Let every one enjoy the full and free liberty
of thinking for himself. Let every man use his own judgment, since every
man must give an account of himself to God. Abhor every approach, in
any kind or degree, to the spirit of persecution. If you cannot reason nor
persuade a man into the truth, never attempt to force a man into it. If
love will not compel him to come, leave him to God, the Judge of all."
12. What does Christ say of those who are persecuted for
righteousness7 sake?
"Blessed are they which are persecuted for righteousness'
sake: for theirs is the kingdom of heaven. Blessed are ye, when
men shall revile you, and persecute you, and shall say all man-
ner of evil against you falsely, for My sake. Rejoice, and be
exceeding glad: for great is your reward in heaven: for so perse-
cuted they the prophets which were before you." Matt. 5:
10-12. See Rev. 2:10; 6: 9-11.
" In the furnace God may prove thee,
Thence to bring thee forth more bright;
But He can never cease to love thee;
Thou art precious in His sight:
God is with thee,—
God, thine everlasting light. "

13. What divine precepts received and obeyed would do

away with all oppression and persecution?
"Thou shalt love thy neighbor as thyself." Matt. 22: 39.
"All things whatsoever ye would that men should do to you. do
ye even so to them." Matt. 7: 12.
14. What does love not do?
"Love worketh no ill to his neighbor: therefore love is the
fulfilling of the law." Rom. 13: 10.
 PART XI
Life Only in Christ

ORIGIN, HISTORY, AND DESTINY OF SATAN

1. HAVE any others than the human family sinned?
"God spared not the angels that sinned, but cast them down
to hell, and delivered them into chains of darkness, to be reserved
unto judgment." 2 Peter 2: 4.
2. What is the name of the one who led the angels to sin?
"Depart from Me, ye cursed, into everlasting fire, prepared
for the devil and his angels." Matt. 25:41.
3. By what other names is he known?
"And the great dragon was cast out, that old serpent, called
the Devil, and Satan, which deceiveth the whole world." Rev.
12:9. See also Isa. 14: 12, where he is called " Lucifer."
4. What was Satan's condition when created?
"Thou wast perfect in thy ways from the day that thou wast
created, till iniquity was found in thee." Eze. 28: 15.
5. What description is given of him by the prophet Ezekiel?
"Thus saith the Lord God; Thou sealed up the sum, full of
wisdom, and perfect in beauty. Thou haat been in Eden the
garden of God; every precious stone was thy covering, . . the
workmanship of thy tabrets and of thy pipes was prepared in
thee in the day that thou wast created. Thou art the anointed
cherub that covereth; and I have set thee so: thou wast upon
the holy mountain of God; thou hast walked up and down in
the midst of the stones of fire." Verses 12-14.
NOTE.- From this it is evident that Satan was a high and exalted
angel before he fell, a masterpiece of wisdom and beauty. From the ref-
erence to his "tabrets" and "pipes" it seems probable that he was choris-
ter of heaven, and led the angelic host in song. In the earthly sanctuary
the cherubim overshadowed the mercy-seat. Ex. 25: 16-22; 'deb. 9:3-5;
Ps. 99: 1.
6. What unholy, ambitious spirit took possession of Satan,
and led to his fall?
[375J
376 BIBLE READINGS
"For thou hast said in thine heart, I will ascend into heaven,
I will exalt my throne above the stars of God: I will sit also upon
the mount of the congregation, in the sides of the north: I will
ascend above the heights of the clouds; I will be like the Most
High." Isa. 14: 13, 14.
7. Did pride also 0011tdblite to Lis. fall?
"Thine heart was lifted up because of thy beauty, thou hast
corrupted thy wisdom by reason of thy brightness." Eze. 28: 17.
8. What does Solomon say precedes destruction and a fall?
"Pride goeth before destruction, and an haughty spirit be-
fore a fall." Prov. 16: 18.
9. How does the prophet Isaiah describe Satan's fall?
"How art thou fallen from heaven, 0 Lucifer, son of the
morning! how art thou cut down to the ground, which didst
weaken the nations!" Isa. 14: 12.
10. Why was Satan cast from his high position?
"By the multitude of thy merchandise they have filled the
midst of thee with violence, and thou hast sinned: therefore I
will cast thee as profane out of the mountain of God: and I will
destroy thee, 0 covering cherub, from the midst of the stones
of fire." Eze. 28: 16.
11. When cast out of the mountain of God, to what place
were Satan and his angels banished, to be kept till the judgment?
"For if God spared not the angels that sinned, but cast
them down to hell, and delivered them into chains of darkness,
to be reserved unto judgment." 2 Peter 2: 4.
NOTE.--This, we understand, is the darkness surrounding this world,
and is symbolic of the darkness of utter hopelessness and despair in re-
bellion and sin. When Satan led man to sin darkness was brought upon
this world. But God did not leave man to hop elessness. In His mercy
and great love He caused "the light of the glorious gospel of Christ" to
shine, to call men "out of darkness into His marvelous light." That Satan
and the angels who fell with him had a period of probation and opportunity
to repent, there can be no doubt. Their fate is the result of stubborn
rebellion and persistence in sin in spite of the overtures of mercy and the
offers of pardon. For this they were cast out of heaven. The wicked
angels are kept in everlasting chains of darkness.
12. How is the conflict which took place in heaven between
Christ and Satan described by the revelator?
"And there was war in heaven: Michael and His angels
fought against the dragon; and the dragon fought and his angels,
and prevailed not; neither was their place found any more in
 ORIGIN, HISTORY, AND DESTINY. OF SATAN 377
heaven. And the great dragon was cast out, that old serpent,
called the Devil, and Satan, which deceiveth the whole world:
he was cast out into the earth, and his angels were cast out with
Whim." Rev. 12: 7-9.
13. In what terms did Christ refer to Satan's fall?
"And He said unto them, I beheld Satan as lightning fall
from heaven." Luke 10: 18.
14. Has Satan ever appeared before God since his fall?
"Now there was a day when the sons of God came to pre-
sent themselves before the Lord, and Satan came also among
them." Job 1: 6. See also chapter 2: 1.
15. When asked whence he came, what was Satan's reply?
"Then Satan answered the Lord, and said, From going to
and fro in the earth, and from walking up and down in it." Job
1: 7. See Job 2: 2.
NOTE.-- By tempting man to sin, Satan usurped man's dominion
over the earth. Rom. 6: 16; 2 Peter 2: 19. This he now claims as his
kingdom (Luke 4:6); hence the temptation in offering the kingdoms of
this world to Christ. As. the "god" and ruler of this world, Satan, for
four thousand years before the crucifixion of Christ, appeared before God
among the representatives of other worlds, as the representative of this
world. After accomplishing the death of Christ, the Son of God, the sin-
less One, Satan was cast out of this council, or assembly, and has not been
permitted to enter it since. This was his second fall, and the one, doubt-
less, to which Christ, just before His crucifixion, alluded when he said,
"Now is the judgment of this world: now shall the prince of this world be
east out." John 12: 31. His final fall and destruction are still future.
16. What has been the character of Satan since his fall?
"He that committeth sin is of the devil; for the devil sinneth
from the beginning." 1 John 3: 8.
17. Was he ever in the truth?
"Ye are of your father the devil, and the lusts of your
father ye will do. He was a murderer from the beginning, and
abode not in the truth, because there is no truth in him." John
8:44.
Nam— The expression "abode not in the truth" implies that Satan
was once in the truth, but that he did not remain there.
18.What is the only "beginning" of which we have record?
"In the beginning God treated the heaven and the earth."
Gen. 1: 1.
19. What besides a murderer did Christ say Satan is?
378 BIBLE READINGS
"When he speaketh a lie, he speaketh of his own: for he is a
liar, and the father of it." John 8: 44.
20. What did God tell Adam and Eve would be the result
if they transgressed by partaking of the forbidden fruit?
"Thou shalt surely die."
21. What did Satan say to Eve concerning this?
"And the serpent said unto the woman, Ye shall NOT surely
die." Gen. 3: 4.
NOTE.— This, as far as the record shows, was the first lie,— a direct
denial of the word of God. By persuading Eve to accept and believe it,
Satan led our first parents to commit sin; and, as "the wages of sin is death,"
by it, also, he caused their death, and so became, in reality, the first murderer.
A lie, therefore, is a twin brother to murder, and one of the most hateful
things to God, the "God of truth." See Prov. 6: 16-19. "The lip of
truth shall be established forever: but a lying tongue, is but for a moment."
Prov. 12: 19. "All liars shall have their part in the lake which burneth
with fire and brimstone." Rev. 21:8. See also Rev. 21:27; 22: 15.
22. What has been the result of sin's entrance into the world?
"By one man sin entered into the world, and death by sin."
Rom. 5: 12. "By one man's disobedience many were made
sinners." Verse 19. " The whole world lieth in wickedness."
1 John 5: 19. "In Adam all die." 1 Cor. 15:22.
23. When Christ came to redeem man, what did Satan do?
"And immediately the Spirit driveth Him into the wilder-
ness. And He was there in the wilderness forty days, tempted
of Satan." Mark 1: 12, 13. See also Matt. 4: 1-11.
24. How severely was Christ tempted of Satan?
"For we have not an High Priest which cannot be touched
with the feeling of our infirmities; but was in all points tempted
like as we are, yet without sin." Heb. 4: 15.
25. What has the church suffered since the days of Christ?
"And when the dragon [Satan] saw that he was cast unto the
earth, he persecuted the woman [the church]." Rev. 12: 13.
NOTE.— Many millions of the people of God have been put to death
since the beginning of the Christian era, under pagan and papal perse-
cutions, all of which have been instigated by Satan. See Buck's Theo-
logical Dictionary, any commentary or church history on the subject of
persecution, and the readings on pages 147, 18,5, 188, 371.
26. Is the remnant church to feel his wrath, and why?
"And the dragon was wroth with the woman, and went to
make war with the remnant of her seed, which keep the com-
 ORIGIN, HISTORY, AND DESTINY OF SATAN 379
mandments of God, and have the testimony of Jesus Christ."
Verse 17.
27. How will Satan deceive men in the last days?
"And deceiveth them that dwell on the earth by the means
of those miracles which he had power to do in the sight of the beast."
Rev. 13: 14.
Norm.— This, we understand, refers to Spiritualistic manifestations
and miracles to be wrought to fasten men in error and deception. See
readings on pages 400, 403.
28. What will influence the nations to gather for the great
battle of Armageddon?
"They are the spirits of devils, working miracles, which go
forth unto the kings of the earth and of the whole world, to gather
them to the battle of that great day of God Almighty." Rev. 16: 14.
29. Why will men be allowed thus to fall under the de-
lusion of Satan?
"Because they received not the love of the truth, that they might
be saved. And for this cause God shall send them strong de-
lusion, that they should believe a lie: that they all might be damned
who believed not the truth, but had pleasure in unrighteous-
ness." 2 Thess. 2: 10-12. See 1 Kings 22: 20-23.
30. For how long is Satan to be bound at the second advent?
"And I saw an angel come down from heaven, having the
key of the bottomless pit and a great chain in his hand. And
he laid hold on the dragon, that old serpent, which is the Devil,
and Satan, and bound him a thousand years." Rev. 20: 1, 2.
31. What is to take place at the close of the thousand years?
"And when the thousand years are expired, Satan shall
be loosed out of his prison, and shall go out to deceive the nations
which are in the four quarters of the earth, Gog and Magog,
to gather them together to battle: the number of whom is as the
sand of the sea." Verses 7, 8.
NOTE.— Satan's evil career began in rebellion against God in heaven,
and ends in rebellion against Him on earth.
32. As Satan and his host compass the camp of the saints,
what will take place?
"And they went up on the breadth of the earth, and com-
passed the camp of the saints about, and the beloved city: and
fire came down from God out of heaven, and devoured them,"
Verse 9.,
380 BIBLE READINGS

33. What is to be Satan's final doom?

"I will bring thee to ashes upon the earth in the sight of all
them that behold thee. All they that know thee among the
people shall be astonished at thee: thou shalt be a terror, and
never thctit. -thaw be 'any more.' Eze: 28: 18,19: - =
NOTE.- A gladsome thought! Satan, sin, and sinners are finally to
come to an end, and be no more. Then God will have a clean universe.
34. Why did Christ partake of our nature?
" Forasmuch then as the children are partakers of flesh and
blood, He also Himself likewise took part of the same; that
through death He might destroy him that had the power of death,
that is, the devil." Heb. 2: 14.
35. What exhortations are given to Christians in view of
Satan's hatred against God and all that is good?
"Be sober, be vigilant; because your adversary the devil, as a
roaring lion, walketh about, seeking whom he may devour:
whom resist steadfast in the faith." 1 Peter 5: 8, 9. "Resist
the devil, and he will flee from you." James 4: 7.
36. With what weapon did Christ successfully meet Satan's
temptations?
The Word of God. "It is written, . . It is written,
. . . It is written." Matt. 4: 4-10.
Nan.— The Word of God is the "sword of the Spirit." Eph. 6: 17.
If Christ met and vanquished the enemy with this, so also may we. But
no one can use it who is unfamiliar with it. How important, then, that
we search, study, and know it! See first readings in this book, and reading
on "Importance of Sound Doctrine," page 84.

WHAT IS MAN ?
1. IN what condition was man created?
" Thou madest him a little lower than the angels." Ps. 8: 5.
2. What will be the final condition of the righteous?
" Neither can they die any more: for they are equal unto the
angels; and are the children of God, being the children of the
resurrection." Luke 20: 35, 36.
3. What are angels called?
"And of the angels He saith, Who maketh His angels spirits,
and His ministers a flame of fire." Heb. 1: 7.
4. What is the difference between the two Adams?
 WHAT IS MAN ? 381
"The first man Adam was made a living soul; the last Adam
was made a quickening spirit." 1 Cor. 15:45.
5. Are our present bodies natural or spiritual?
"Howbeit that was not first which is spiritual, but that
which is natural; and afterward that which is spiritual."
Verse 46.
6. When will the righteous have spiritual bodies?
"It is sown a natural body; it is raised a spiritual body.
There is a natural body, and there is a spiritual body."
Verse 44.
7. To what does the sowing here spoken of refer?
"That which thou sowest is not quickened, except it die."
Verse 36.
Nora.— Man does not now possess the undying, spiritual nature
of the angels, except as he holds it by faith in Christ; nor will he until the
resurrection. Then, if righteous, he will be made immortal, and he can-
not die any more (Luke 20:36), he will be "equal unto the angels."
secau
8. How is man's nature defined?
"Shall mortal man be more just than God?" Job 4: 17.
Mortal: " Subject to death."—Webster.
9. What is God's nature?
"Now unto the King eternal, immortal, invisible, the only
wise God, be honor and glory forever and ever. Amen."
1 Tim. 1:17.
Immortal: " Exempt from liability to die."—Webster.
10. Of what was man formed in the beginning?
"And the Lord God formed man of the dust of the ground."
Gen. 2: 7, first part.
11. What act made him a living soul?
"And [God] breathed into his nostrils the breath of life; and
man became a living soul." Same verse, last part.
Narts.— The living soul was not put into the man; but the breath of
life which was put into man, made him — the man, made of the earth —
a living soul, or creature.
The original for "living soul" in this text is nephesh chaiyah. On the
use of this expression in Gen. 1:24, translated " living creature," Dr. Adam
Clarke says: "A general term to express all creatures endued with ani-
mal life, in any of its infinitely varied gradations, from the half-reason-
ing elephant down to the stupid potto, or lower still, to the polyp, which
seems equally to share the vegetable and animal life."
382 BIBLE READINGS
12. Are other creatures besides man called "living souls"?
"And the second angel poured out his vial upon the sea;
and it became as the blood of a dead man: and every living soul
died in the sea." Rev. 16: 3. See also Gen. 1: 30, margin.
• = 13. Do othexp,besides
. man have the "breath of life" ?
"And all flesh died that moved upon the earth, both of fowl,
and of cattle, and of beast, and of every creeping thing that creepeth
upon the earth, and every man: all in whose nostrils was the
breath of life." Gen. 7:21, 22.
14. Is their breath the same as man's?
"As the one dieth, so dieth the other; yea, they have all one
breath; so that a man hath no preeminence above a beast: for
all is vanity." Eccl. 3: 19.
NOTE.— That is, here men, as well as beasts, die. This present life,
with them as with the rest of the animal creation, is dependent upon their
breath.When this is gone, they, the same as beasts, die. In this respect
they have no preeminence over beasts. But men have a future unending
life held out before them, and may, if they will, die in hope of eternal life,
which is a very great preethinence over the rest of the animal creation.
15. What does Job call that which God breathed into man's
nostrils?
"All the while my breath is in me, and the spirit of God is
in my nostrils." Job 27: 3.
16. When man gives up this spirit, what becomes of it?
"Then shall the dust return to the earth as it was: and
the spirit shall return unto God who gave it." Eccl. 12: 7.
NOTE.— That is, the spirit of life by which man lives, and which is
only lent him of God, at death goes back to the great Author of life. Having
come from Him, it belongs to God, and man can have it eternally only as a
gift from God, through Jesus Christ. Rom. 6:23. When the spirit goes
back to God, the dust, from which man was made a "living soul" in the
beginning, goes back as tit was to the earth, and the individual no longer
exists as a hying, conscious, thinking being, except as he exists in the mind,
plan, and purpose of God through Christ and the resurrection. In this
sense "all live unto Him" (Luke 20: 38), for all are to be raised from the
dead. See John 5: 28, 29; Acts 24:15; Rom. 4:17.
17. Who only have hold of the life eternal?
"He that hath the Son hath life; and he that hath not the Son of
God hath not life." 1 John 5: 12.
Noma.— The veriest sinner has this temporal life; but when he yields
up this life, he has no prospect nor promise of the life eternal. That can
be received only through Christ.
18. Why was Adam driven from the garden of Eden and
excluded from the tree of life?
 WHAT IS MAN? 383
"And now, lest he put forth his hand, and take also of the
tree of life, and eat, and live forever." Gen. 3: 22.
19. What was done to keep man away from the tree of life?
"So He drove out the man; and He placed at the east of the
garden of Eden cherubim, and a flaming sword which turned
every way, to keep the way of the tree of life." Verse 24.
20. How are all men in the natural state regarded?
"We all . . . were by nature the children of wrath, even
as others." Eph. 2: 3.
21. If the wrath of God abides on a person, of what does it
deprive him?
"He that believeth not the Son shall not see life; but the
wrath of God abideth on him." John 3: 36.
22. Through whom is the sinner saved from wrath?
"Much more then, being now justified by His blood, we shall
be saved from wrath through Him." Rom. 5: 9.
23. With whom is the Christian's future life hid?
"For ye- are dead [to sin], and your life is hid with Christ in
God." Col. 3: 3.
24. When will this life be bestowed upon the believer?
"When Christ, who is our life, shall appear, then shall ye also
appear with Him in glory." Verse 4.
NOTE.-The word immortal occurs but once in the English Bible
(1 Tim. 1: 17), and is there applied to God.
25. Who only possesses inherent immortality?
"Who is the blessed and only potentate, the King of kings,
and Lord of lords; who only hath immortality." 1 Tim. 6: 15, 16.
NoTE.— God is the only Being who possesses original life or immor-
tality in Himself. All others must receive it from God. See John 5:26;
6:27; 10:10, 27, 28; Rom. 6: 23; 1 John 5:11.
26. Through whom has immortality been brought to light?
"But is now made manifest by the appearing of our Saviour
Jesus Christ, who hath abolished death, and hath brought life and
immortality to light through the gospel." 2 Tim. 1: 10.
27. To whom is eternal life promised?
"To them who by patient continuance in well-doing seek
for glory and honor and immortality, eternal life." Rom. 2: 7.
384 BIBLE READINGS
NOTE.- One does not need to seek for a thing which he already
possesses. The fact that we are to seek for immortality is proof in itself
that we do not now possess it.
28. When will the faithful be changed to immortality?
"Behold, I show you a mystery; We shall not all sleep, but
we shall all be changed, in a moment, in the twinkling of an eye,
at the kat trump: foytM trumpet shall sound, and the deadthall
be raised incorruptible, and we shall be changed." 1 Cor. 15:
51, 52.
29. What is then to be swallowed up?
"So when this corruptible shall have put on incorruption,
and this mortal shall have put on immortality, then shall be
brought to pass the saying that is written, Death is swallowed
up in victory." Verse 54. See verse 57.
•

LIFE ONLY IN CHRIST

1. WHAT is the wages of sin?
"The wages of sin is death." Rom. 6: 23.
2. Through whom only is there salvation from sin?
"Neither is there salvation in any other: for there is none other
name under heaven given among men, whereby we must be
saved." Acts 4: 12.
Nom.— If men do not die, why should Christ die to save them from
death? And what need of the resurrection and the second advent?
3. Why did God send His only begotten Son to this world?
"That whosoever believeth in Him should not perish, but
have everlasting life." John 3: 16.
4. What does Christ declare Himself to be?
"I am the way, the truth, and the life." John 14: 6.
5. What does He say He gives to those who follow Him?
"My sheep hear My voice, and I know them, and they
follow Me: and I give unto them eternal life; and they shall never
perish, neither shall any man pluck them out of My hand."
John 10:27, 28.
6. Upon what is the possession of this life conditioned?
"Except ye eat the flesh of the Son of man, and drink His
blood, ye have no life in you." John 6: 53.
7. In whom is the life eternal?
 LIFE ONLY IN CHRIST 385
"And this is the record, that God hath given to us eternal
life, and this life is in His Son." 1 John 5: 11.
8. Who only have this life?
"He that hath the Son hath life; and he that hath not the Son
of God hath not life." Verse 12. "He that heareth My word,
and believeth on Him that sent Me, hath everlasting life, and shall
not come into condemnation; but is passed from death unto life."
John 5:24.
9. What is Christ therefore fittingly called?
"When Christ, who is our life, shall appear, then shall ye
also appear with Him in glory." Col. 3: 4.

THE INTERMEDIATE STATE

1. By what figure does the Bible represent death?
"But I would not have you to be ignorant, brethren, con-
cerning them which are asleep, that ye sorrow not, even as
others which have no hope." 1 Thess. 4: 13. See also 1 Cor.
15: 18, 20; John 11: 11-14.
NOTE.- In sound sleep one is wholly lost to consciousness; time goes
by unmeasured; and the mental functions which are active during con-
sciousness are suspended for the time being.
2. Where do the dead sleep?
"And many of them that sleep in the dust of the earth shall
awake." Dan. 12: 2. See also Eccl. 3:20; 9: 10.
3. How long will they sleep there?
"So man lieth down, and riseth not: till the heavens be no
more, they shall not awake, nor be raised out of their sleep."
Job 14: 12.
4. For what did Job say he would wait after death?
"If a man die, shall he live again? all the days of my ap-
pointed time will I wait, till' my change come." Verse 14.
5. Where did he say he would wait?
"If I wait, the grave is mine house: I have made my bed in
the darkness." Job 17: 13.
6. While in this condition, how much does one know about
those-he has left behind?
"His sons come to honor, and he knoweth it not; and they
are brought low, but he perceiveth it not of them." Job 14: 21.
25
386 BIBLE READINGS

7. What becomes of man's thoughts at death?

"His breath goeth forth, he returneth to his earth; in that
very day his thoughts perish." Ps. 146:4.
8. Do the dead know anything ?
"Ear,,thp„livirlg juiqw_th.„,4 they shalldie: but
. the dead know
not anything, neither have they any more a _ reward, or
memory of them is forgotten." Eccl. 9: 5.
9. Do they take any part in earthly things?
"Also their love, and their hatred, and their envy, is now
perished; neither have they any more a portion forever in anything
that is done under the sun." Verse 6.
NOTE.- If one continued in consciousness after death, he would know
of the promotion or dishonor of his sons. But Job says he does not know
this. Not only so, but in death one loses all the attributes of mind,—
love, hatred, envy, etc. Thus it is plain that his thoughts have per-
ished, and that he can have nothing more to do with the things of this
world. But if, as taught and held by some, man's powers of thought
continue after death, he lives; and if he hves, he must be somewhere. Where
is he? Is he in heaven or in hell? If he goes to either place at death,
.
what then is the need of a future judgment, or of a resurrection, or of the
second coming of Christ? If the judgment does not take place at death,
but men go to their reward at death, then their rewards precede their
awards, and there would arise the possibility that some have at death gone
to the wrong place, and must needs be sent to the other, after having been
in bliss or torment ages, perhaps.
10. What does the psalmist say about the dead praising God?
"The dead praise not the Lord, neither any that go down
into silence." Ps. 115: 17.
11. How much does one know of God when dead?
"For in death there is no remembrance of Thee." Ps. 6: 5.
Nark— There is not even a remembrance of God. As already seen,
the Bible everywhere represents the dead as asleep. If they were in heaven
or in hell, would it be fitting to represent them thus? Was Lazarus, whom
Jesus loved, in heaven when the Saviour said, "Our friend Lazarus sleep-
eth"? John 11: 11. If so, calling him to life was really robbing him of the
bliss of heaven that rightly belonged to him. The parable of the rich man
and Lazarus, recorded in Luke 16, was given to teach, not consciousness
in death, but that in the judgment riches will avail nothing unless rightly
and beneficently used, and that poverty will not keep one out of heaven.

12. But are not the righteous dead in heaven?

"For David is not ascended into the heavens." Acts 2: 34.
13. What must take place before the dead can praise God?
"Thy dead men shall live, together with My dead body shall
 THE INTERMEDIATE STATE 387
they arise. Awake and sing, ye that dwell in dust: for thy dew
is as the dew of herbs, and the earth shall cast out the dead."
Isa. 26: 19.
14. When did David say he would be satisfied?
"As for me, I will behold Thy face in righteousness • I shall
be satisfied, when I awake, with Thy likeness." Ps. 17: 15.
15. Were there to be no resurrection of the dead, what would
be the condition of those fallen asleep in Christ?
"For if the dead rise not, then is not Christ raised: and if
Christ be not raised, your faith is vain; ye are yet in your sins.
Then they also which are fallen asleep in Christ are perished."
1 Cor. 15: 16-18.
16. When is the resurrection of the righteous to take place?
"For the Lord Himself shall descend from heaven with a
shout, with the voice of the 'Archangel, and with the trump of
God: and the dead in Christ shall rise first." 1 Thess. 4: 16.
NOTES.- If, as stated in Eccl. 9: 5, the dead know not anything,
then they have no knowledge of the lapse of time. "Six thousand years
in the grave to a dead man is no more than a wink of the eye to the living."
To them, consciousness, our only means of measuring time, is gone; and it
will seem to them when they awake that absolutely no time has elapsed.
And herein lies a most comforting thought in the Bible doctrine of the sleep
of the dead, that in death there is no consciousness of the passing of time.
To those who sleep in Jesus, their sleep, whether long or short, whether
one year, one thousand years, or six thousand years, will be but as if the
moment of sad parting were followed instantly by the glad reunion in the
presence of Jesus at His glorious appearing and the resurrection of thejust.
It ought also to be a comforting thought to those whose lives have
been filled with anxiety and grief for deceased loved ones who persisted
in sin, to know that they are not now suffering in torments, but, with all
the rest of the dead, are quietly sleeping in their graves. Job 3: 17.
Again, it would mar the felicity of one's enjoyment in heaven could
he look upon earth and see his friends and relatives suffering from persecu-
tion, want, cold, or hunger, or sorrowing for the dead. God's way is best,
— that all sentient life, animation, activity, thought, and consciousness
should cease at death, and that all should wait till the resurrection for
their future life and eternal reward. See Heb. 11: 39, 40.

THE TWO RESURRECTIONS

1. WHATcomes to' all men as the result of the fall?
"In Adam all die." 1 Cor. 15: 22. See also Rom. 5: 12.
2. Where do all go at death?
"All go unto one place; all are of the dust, and all turn to dust
again." Eccl. 3: 20.
388 BIBLE READINGS
3. In what condition is man while in the grave?
"Whatsoever thy hand findeth to do, do it with thy might;
for there is no work, nor device, nor knowledge, nor wisdom, in the
grave, whither thou goest." Eccl. 9: 10.
NoTE.— That is, man, when dead, has no use of the powers of mind
or body., Ile cannot, tli„erloyci. thgigavg, praise God, or even
think of (Ps. 6:-57; Thr trie-dayle dies tis tEOUghts'periSh: PS.
146: 2-4. See preceding reading.
4. What has been promised in order that man may be re-
deemed from this condition?
"I will ransom them from the power of the grave; I will redeem
them from death: 0 death, I will be thy plagues; 0 grave, I will
be thy destruction." Hosea 13: 14.
5. Through whom will come this redemption from the grave?
"For since by man came death, by man came also the resur-
rection of the dead. For as in Adam all die, even so in Christ
shall all be made alive." 1 Cor. 15: 21, 22.
6. What would have been the result to the dead had not
Christ procured their release from the grave?
"For if the dead rise not, then is not Christ raised: and if
Christ be not raised, your faith is vain; ye are yet in your sins.
Then they also which are fallen asleep in Christ are perished."
Verses 16-18.
7. Why did God give His only begotten Son to the world?
" For God so loved the world, that He gave His only begotten
Son, that whosoever believeth in Him should not perish, but have
everlasting life." John 3 : 16.
8. What did the Sadducees in Christ's time deny?
"Then came to Him certain of the Sadducees, which deny
that there is any resurrection." Luke 20: 27.
9. How did Christ, from the Old Testament Scriptures,
prove the resurrection?
"Now that the dead are raised, even Moses showed at the
bush, when he calleth the Lord the God of Abraham, and the God
of Isaac, and the God of Jacob. For He is not a God of the
dead, but of the living: for all live unto Him." Verses 37, 38.
NOTE.- That is, in view of the resurrection—of the fact that there
is to be a resurrection — all live unto God. In His purpose, all are alive.
It is in this sense that Paul speaks of God as the one "who quickeneth the
dead, and calleth those things which be not as though they were." Rom. 4: 17.
 THE TWO RESURRECTIONS 389
10. Under what illustration from nature are the resurrec-
tion and the final salvation of the righteous taught?
"That which thou sowest is not quickened, except it die."
1 Cor. 15: 36. "Verily, verily, I say unto you, Except a corn
of wheat fall into the groumi and die, it abideth alone: but if it
die, it bringeth forth much fruit." John 12:24.
NOTES.—The seed dies to spring forth into new life. In this
we are taught the lesson of the resurrection. All who love God will
spring forth to life, and live again through endless ages in the earth
made new.
The Open Grave.— In the city of Hanover, Germany, is a tomb
known as " the open grave." It is that of a German princess, who
died over a century ago. The grave was covered with a marble
block, surmounting large stones bound together with clasps of iron,
with this inscription: "This grave purchased for eternity, must
never be opened." But how feeble are all such devices. The Jews
had confidence that the grave of Christ was made secure by the
Roman seal and Roman guard; and yet one angel, clothed with res-
urrection power, rolled away the stone, and Jesus came forth. So
with this grave in Hanover. It happened, providentially perhaps,
that a birch-tree seed fell into a crevice between the massive stones.
Soon it sent forth a tender sprout, and a tiny root found its way
down between the ponderous stones. Slowly and imperceptibly, but
with irresistible power, the young birch grew, until at last its roots
burst the bands of iron asunder, and opened this securely sealed
tomb, leaving not a single stone in its original position. What a
mute, but striking illustration of the promise that, erelong, in God's
own time, all graves shall be opened, and the sleeping ones awake
from their dusty beds!
11. Where are the dead when they hear the voice of Christ
calling them to life?
"Marvel not at this: for the hour is coming, in the which
all that are in the graves shall hear His voice, and shall come
forth." John 5: 28, 29.
12. How many distinct classes will have a resurrection?
"There shall be a resurrection of the dead, both of the just
and unjust." Acts 24: 15.
13. By what terms.clid Christ refer to the two resurrections?
"All that are in the graves shall hear His voice, and shall
come forth; they that have done good, unto the resurrection of
life; and they that have done evil, unto the resurrection of damna-
tion." John 5: 28, 29.
14. When will the resurrection of the just occur?
''For the Lord Himself shalt descend from, heaven with a shout,
with the voice of the Archangel, and with the trump of God:
and the dead in Christ shall rise first." 1 Thess. 4: 16. See also
1 Cor. 15: 23.
390 BIBLE READINGS
15. When are the righteous to be recompensed?
"For thou shalt be recompensed at the resurrection of the
just." Luke 14: 14.
16. In what condition did David expect to rise?
"As for me I will behold Thy- face iirrightemsness: I shall
be satisfied, when I awake, with Thy likeness. Ps. 17: 15.
17. What great contrast will be seen between the present
body and the one to be put on in the resurrection?
"So also is the resurrection of the dead. It is sown in
corruption; it is raised in incorruption: it is sown in dishonor;
it is raised in glory: it is sown in weakness; it is raised in power:
it is sown a natural body; it is raised a spiritual body." 1 Cor.
15: 42-44.
18. After whose body will these resurrected ones be fash-
ioned?
"We look for the Saviour, the Lord Jesus Christ: who shall
change our vile body, that it may be fashioned like unto His
glorious body." Phil. 3: 20, 21.
19. What will the righteous do upon rising from the grave?
"Thy dead men shall live, together with my dead body shall
they arise. Awake and sing, ye that dwell in dust: for thy dew
is as the dew of herbs, and the earth shall cast out the dead."
Isa. 26: 19.
20. In what words will their triumph over death and the
grave be expressed?
"0 death, where is thy sting? 0 grave, where is thy vic-
tory?" 1 Cor. 15: 55.
21. How long will they live?
"Neither can they die any more: for they are equal unto the
angels; and are the children of God, being the children of the
resurrection." Luke 20: 36.
22. How long do the other class wait after the first resur-
rection before they are raised?
"And they [the righteous] lived and reigned with Christ
a thousand years. But the rest of the dead lived not again until
the thousand years were finished." Rev. 20:4, 5.
23. What is to be their fate?
 THE TWO RESURRECTIONS 391
"And fire came down from God out of heaven, and devoured
them." Verse 9.
24. Who are to share this fate?
"But the fearful, and unbelieving, and the abominable, and
murderers, and whoremongers, and sorcerers, and idolaters, and
all liars, shall have their part in the lake which burneth with
fire and brimstone: which is the second death." Rev. 21: 8.
25. What is the last enemy to be destroyed?
"The last enemy that shall be destroyed is death." 1 Cor.
15: 26. See Rev. 20: 13, 14.
26. How will the righteous ever afterward appear?
"Then shall the righteous shine forth as the sumin the king-
dom of their Father. Who hath ears to hear, let him hear."
Matt. 13:43.
FATE OF THE TRANSGRESSOR
1. WHAT question does Peter ask regarding the wicked?
"For the time is come that judgment must begin at the
house of God: and if it first begin at us, what shall the end be of
them that obey not the gospel of God?" 1 Peter 4: 17.
2. What does the Bible say is the wages of sin?
"For the wages of sin is death." Rom. 6:23. "The soul
that sinneth, it shall die." Eze. 18: 4.
Die:" To pass from physical life; to suffer a total and irreparable loss
of action of the vital functions; to become dead; to expire; perish."—
Webster.
3. What will be the character of this death?
"Who shall. be punished with everlasting destruction from
the presence of the Lord, and from the glory of His power."
2 Thess. 1: 9.
Destroy:" To unbuild; to break up the structure and organic exist-
ence of; to demolish; to spoil utterly; to bring to naught; to put an end to;
to annihilate."—Webster.
4. How complete will be the destruction of the wicked?
"Fear Him which is able to destroy both soul and body in hell."
Matt. 10: 28.
5. What does Christ say will befall those who do not repent?
"Except ye repent, ye shall all likewise perish." Luke 13: 3.
392 BIBLE READINGS
Perish: " To be destroyed; to pass away; to become nothing; to be
lost; to waste away; to die."—Webster.
6. How does the apostle Peter say they shall r erish?
"But these, as natural brute beasts, made to be taken and
destroyed, speak evil of the things that they understand not;
and shalt utterly pariah in. their own corruptiort."._ 2 ZeteLIL
7. To what are the wicked in their punishment compared?
"But the wicked shall perish, and the enemies of the Lord
shall be as the fat of lambs: they shall consume; into smoke shall
they consume away." Ps. 37: 20.
Consume: " To destroy; as by decomposition, dissipation, waste, or
fire."—Webster.
8. How does John the Baptist describe the destruction of
the wicked?'
"He that cometh after me is mightier than I, . . .
whose fan is in His hand, and He will throughly purge His
floor, and gather His wheat into the garner; but He will burn up
the chaff with unquenchable fire." Matt. 3: 11, 12.
9. For whom does Christ say the fire which will finally de-
stroy the wicked was originally prepared?
"Then shall He say also unto them on the left hand, Depart
from Me, ye cursed, into everlasting fire, prepared for the devil
and his angels." Matt. 25:41.
NOTE.- This fire is called "everlasting" because of the character
of the work it does; just as it is called "unquenchable" because it cannot
be put out, and not because it will not go out when it has done its work.
10. What will be the result of this punishment?
"As the whirlwind passeth, so is the wicked no more: but the
righteous is an everlasting foundation." Prov: 10: 25.
11. Will any part of the wicked be left?
"For, behold, the day cometh, that shall burn as an oven;
and all the proud, yea, and all that do wickedly, shall be stubble:
and the day that cometh shall burn them up, saith the Lord of
hosts, that it shall leave them neither root nor branch." Mal. 4: 1.
12. What will then be their condition?
"For as ye have drunk upon My holy mountain, so shall
all the heathen drink continually, yea, they shall drink, and
they shall swallow down, and they shall be as though they had not
been." Obadiah 16.
 FATE OF THE TRANSGRESSOR 39S

13. Where will the place of the wicked then be?

"For yet a little while, and the wicked shall not be: yea,
thou shalt diligently consider his place, and it shall not be." Ps.
37: 10.
NOTE.— It would be difficult to keep the wicked in eternal torment
without any place for them, even, in which to exist.
14. Where are both the righteous and the wicked to be
recompensed?
"Behold, the righteous shall be recompensed in the earth:
much more the wicked and the sinner." Prov. 11: 31.
15. Do the wicked go directly to their punishment at death,
or wait till the day of judgment?
"The Lord knoweth how to deliver the godly out of tempta-
tions, and to reserve the unjust unto the day of judgment to be
punished." 2 Peter 2: 9.
16. To what are the present heavens and earth reserved?
"But the heavens and the earth, which are now, by the same
word are kept in store, reserved unto fire against the day of judg-
ment and perdition of ungodly men." 2 Peter 3: 7.
NOTE.— Both the present heavens and earth and sinners await the
fires of the last day.
17. What will be the result of the fires of the last day?
"Looking for and hasting unto the coming of the day of
God, wherein the heavens being on fire shall be dissolved, and the
elements shall melt with fervent heat." "The earth also, and the
works that are therein shall be burned up." Verses 12, 10.
18. By what means does Christ say His kingdom is to be
cleansed from sin and sinners?
"The Son of man shall send forth His angels, and they shall
gather out of His kingdom all things that offend, and them which
do iniquity; and shall cast them into a furnace of fire." Matt.
13:41, 42.
NOTE.— Satan and the wicked now have this world as their " place "
In due time Christ will have it. He will cleanse it from sin and sinners,
and restore it, that He may give it to the saints of the Most High for an
everlasting possession. See Dan. 7: 18, 22, 27.
19. When are the wicked dead to be raised to receive their
final-punishment?
"But the rest of the dead lived not again until the thousand
years were finished." Rev. 20: 5.
394 BIBLE READINGS
20. Whence will come the fire that will destroy them?
"And they went up on the breadth of the earth, and com-
passed the camp of the saints about, and the beloved city:
and fire came down from God out of heaven, and devoured them."
Verse 9.
NoTE.— This is, child gocreAtrAustP4V!, ::Atrauge,wQric,"
— the work of destruction. isa. 28: 21. But by this means God will once
and forever cleanse the universe of sin and all its sad results. Death itself
will then be at an end — cast into the lake of fire. Rev. 20: 14.
21. To what will this fire reduce the wicked?
"And ye shall tread down the wicked; for they shall be ashes
under the soles of your feet in the day that I shall do this, saith the
Lord of hosts." Mal. 4: 3.
Nun.— The wicked are to be utterly destroyed — consumed away
into smoke, brought to ashes. Having inseparably allied themselves with
sin, they have forfeited the right to life and an immortal existence, and
chosen the way of death and destruction. By their choice they have
proved themselves worthless. For this reason they are compared to chaff,
briers, thorns, etc. Their destruction will consequently be no real loss.
They will themselves have lost their opportunity to obtain eternal life;
but by the way in which they used their probationary time they proved
themselves unworthy of it. Their destruction will, in fact, be an act of
love and mercy on the part of God; for to perpetuate their lives would only
be to perpetuate sin, sorrow, suffering, and misery. Terrible, therefore,
as this judgment will be, there will, in consequence of it, be nothing of
value lost,— nothings lost worth saving. The experiment of sin will be
over, and God's original plan of peopling the earth with a race of holy,
happy beings will be carried out. 2 Peter 3:13.
22. What is this final destruction of the wicked called?
"This is the second death." Rev. 20: 14.
23. After the burning day, what will appear?
"Nevertheless we, according to His promise, look for
new heavens and a new earth, wherein dwelleth righteousness."
2 Peter 3:13.
24. Where will the righteous then be found?
"Then shall the righteous shine forth as the sun in the king-
dom of their Father." Matt. 13:43.
25. What promise of the Saviour will then be fulfilled?
"Blessed are the meek: for they shall inherit the earth." Matt.
5: 5. See also Ps. 37:11, 29; Isa. 65:17-25; Dan. 7:18.
26. What universal song of praise will then be sung?
"And every creature which is in heaven, and on the earth,
and under the earth, and such as are in the sea, and all that are
 FATE OF THE TRANSGRESSOR 395
in them, heard I saying, Blessing, and honor, and glory, and
power, be unto Him that sitteth upon the throne, and unto the Lamb
forever and ever." Rev. 5: 13.

THE MINISTRATION OF GOOD ANGELS

1. OF what family does Paul speak in Ephesians?
"For this cause I bow my knees unto the Father of our
Lord Jesus Christ, of whom the whole family in heaven and earth
is named." Eph. 3: 14, 15.
2. By what name are the members of this family called?
"Now there was a day when the sons of God came to present
themselves before the Lord." Job 1: 6. "Behold, what man-
ner of love the Father hath bestowed upon us, that we should
be called the sons of God." 1 John 3: 1.
3. By what name are those composing the family in heaven
commonly known to us?
"And I beheld, and I heard the voice of many angels round
about the throne." Rev. 5: 11.
4. Did angels exist before the death of any of the human
family?
"So He drove out the man; and He placed at the east of the
garden of Eden cherubim." Gen. 3: 24.
Cherub: " A creature of a sacred and celestial nature."—Gesenius.
5. Who witnessed the laying of the foundations of the earth?
"Whereupon are the foundations thereof fastened? or who
laid the corner-stone thereof; when the morning stars sang to-
gether, and all the sons of God shouted for joy?" Job 38: 6, 7.
6. How many of these beings did John see around the throne?
"And I beheld, and I heard the voice of many angels round
about the throne; . . . and the number of them was
ten thousand times ten thousand, and thousands of thousands."
Rev. 5: 11.
7. What does Paul say of their number?
"But ye are come unto mount Sion, and unto the city of the
living God, the heavenly Jerusalem, and to an innumerable
company of ditgels." Heb. 12: 22. See also Dan. 7: 10.
8. Are angels of a higher order of beings than man?
396 BIBLE READINGS

" Thou hast made him a little lower than the angels." Ps.
8:5.
Noms.— There are different orders of angels: " Cherubim " (Gen.
3: 24); "Seraphim" (Isa. 6: 2, 6); "Archangel" (1 Thess. 4:16; Jude 9).
Some of their names are: " Michael " (Dan. 10:13, 21; 12: 1; Jude 9);
" Gabriel" (Dan. 8: 16; -9:21; Luke 1: 19); " Uriel " (2 Esdras EApocry-
phar4r1,-35; - See 1 Claron. 15; 5); "Ariel " (doubtless of angelic
origin. See Ezra 8: 16).
Michael means, "Who is like God," and hence is a fit title for
Christ. Gabriel signifies, "The strength of God," an appropriate name for
the angel or being who stands next to Christ (Dan. 10:21). Uriel means,
"The light of God;" Ariel, "The lion, of God."
9. Is Christ ever called an angel?
"Behold, I send an Angel before thee, to keep thee in the
way, and to bring thee into the place which I have prepared."
Ex. 23: 20. See verse 23; Acts 7:38; and margin of 1 Cor.
10:4. "The Angel of His presence saved them." Isa. 63:9.
"Michael the Archangel." Jude 9. See also Dan. 12: 1;
1 Thess. 4: 16.
NOTE.— Angel means messenger. In Mal. 3: 1, Christ is called "the
messenger of the covenant."
10. What is said of the strength and character of the angels?
"Bless the Lord, ye His angels, that excel in strength, that do
His commandments, harkening unto the voice of His word."
Ps. 103:20.
11. What description is given of Gabriel in Daniel?
"His body also was like the beryl, and his face as the ap-
pearance of lightning, and his eyes as lamps of fire, and his arms
and his feet like in color to polished brass, and the voice of his
words like the voice of a multitude." Dan. 10: 6.
NOTE.- Similar descriptions are given of God, the "Ancient of days,"
in Dan. 7: 9; and of Christ, the Son of man," in Rev. 1:13-15.
12. What was the appearance of the angel that rolled away
the stone from the sepulcher at the resurrection of Christ?
"His countenance was like lightning, and his raiment white
as snow." Matt. 28: 3.
13. What shows that the angels sent to Abraham and Lot
were real beings?
"And he [Abraham] took butter, and milk, and the calf
which he had dressed, and set it before them; and he stood by
them under the tree, and they did eat." "And he [Lot] made
them a feast, and did bake unleavened bread, and they did eat."
Gen. 18: 8; 19:3.
 THE MINISTRATION OF GOOD ANGELS 397
14. What reason does Paul give to encourage us to enter-
tain strangers?
"Be not forgetful to entertain strangers: for thereby some
have entertained angels unawares." Heb. 13: 2.
15. In his dream at Bethel, what did Jacob see?
"And he dreamed, and behold a ladder set up on the earth,
and the top of it reached to heaven: and behold the angels of God
ascending and descending on it." Gen. 28: 12.
16. To whose authority are the angels subject?
"Jesus Christ: who is gone into heaven, and is on the right
hand of God; angels and authorities and powers being made sub-
ject unto Him." 1 Peter 3:21, 22.
NOTE.- In Joshua 5:13-15, Christ is called " captain of the Lord's
host."
17. In what work are angels engaged?
"Are they not all ministering spirits, sent forth to minister
for them who shall be heirs of salvation? " Heb. 1: 14.
18. What scripture indicates that each child of God has an
accompanying angel?
"Take heed that ye despise not one of these little ones; for
I say unto you, That in heaven their angels do always behold
the face of My Father which is in heaven." Matt. 18: 10.
Now.— Another has said: "Christians who live in the light of God's
countenance are always accompanied by unseen angels, and these holy
beings leave behind them a blessing in our homes."
19. How is their watch-care over God's people expressed?
"The angbl of the Lord encampeth round about them that
fear Him, tend delivereth them." Ps. 34: 7.
20. By what means were the three Hebrews protected while
in the fiery furnace?
"I see four men loose, walking in the midst of the fire, and
they have no hurt; and the form of the fourth is like the. Son of
God. . . . Then Nebuchadnezzar spake, and said, Blessed
be the God of Shadrach, Meshach, and Abed-nego, who bath
sent His angel, and delivered His servants that trusted in Him."
Dan. 3: 25-28.
21. When cast into the lions' den, how did Daniel say he
had been saved from death?
"My God hath sent His angel, and hath shut the lions' mouths,
398 BIBLE READINGS
that they have not hurt me: forasmuch as before Him innocency
was found in me." Dan. 6:22.
22. When surrounded by the Syrian host, what did Elisha
say, and for what did he pray, to encourage his frightened
servant?
"And he answered, Fear not: for they that be with ne ars more
than they that be with them. And Elisha prayed, and said, Lord,
I pray thee, open his eyes, that he may see. And the Lord opened
the eyes of the young man; and he saw: and, behold, the moun-
tain was full of horses and chariots of fire round about Elisha."
2 Kings 6:16, 17.
23. What does the psalmist say of the chariots of God?
"The chariots of God are twenty thousand, even thousands
of angels." Ps. 68: 17.
24. By what means were the apostles delivered from prison?
"The angel of the Lord by night opened the prison doors, and
brought them forth." Acts 5: 19.
25. How was Peter delivered later?
"The angel of the Lord came upon him, and a light shined in
the prison: and he smote Peter on the side, and raised him up,
saying, Arise up quickly. And his chains fell off from his hands.
. . . And he saith unto him, Cast thy garment about thee,
and follow me. . . . They came unto the iron gate that
leadeth unto the city; which opened to them of his own accord:
and they went out, and passed on through one street; and forth-
with the angel departed from him." Acts 12: 7-10.
Nom— "What we call physical law is no obstruction to angelic
ministrations. Bolts and bars and prison gates disappear at their voli-
tion, and dungeons like palaces shine in their presence. No place can be
so dismal, no cavern so deep and dark, no Inquisition cell so hidden and
fetid, no fortress so strongly guarded, that they cannot find quick and easy
access, if a child of God is there."—" Footprints of Angels in Fields of
Revelation," by E. A. Stockman, pages 74, 75.
26. When Elijah was about to take a forty days' journey,
how was he strengthened for it?
"And the angel of the Lord came again the second time. and
touched him, and said, Arise and eat; because the journey is too
great for thee. And he arose, and did eat and drink, and went
in the strength of that meat forty days and forty nights unto
Horeb the mount or God." 1 Kings 19: 7, 8.
27. After His forty days' fast and temptation in the wilder-
ness, how was Christ strengthened?
 THE MINISTRATION OF GOOD ANGELS 399
"Then the devil leaveth Him, and, behold, angels came and
ministered unto Him." Matt. 4: 11.
28. How was Christ strengthened while suffering in the
garden of Gethsemane?
"And there appeared an angel unto Him from heaven, strength-
ening Him." Luke 22: 43.
29. Are the angels interested in the plan of salvation?
"Which things the angels desire to look into." 1 Peter 1: 12.
30. Are they interested in the conversion of men?
"Likewise, I say unto you, there is joy in the presence of the
angels of God over one sinner that repenteth. " Luke 15: 10.
31. Before whom are we said to speak?
"Better is it that thou shouldest not vow, than that thou
shouldest vow and not pay. Suffer not thy mouth to cause
thy flesh to sin; neither say thou before the angel, that it was an
error: wherefore should God be angry at thy voice, and destroy
the work of thine hands?" Eccl. 5: 5, 6.
32. For what must men give account in the judgment?
"But I say unto you, That every idle word that men shall
speak, they shall give account thereof in the day of judgment."
Matt. 12:36. See also Eccl. 12: 13, 14.
33. Out of what will they be judged?
"And I saw the dead, small and great, stand before God;
and the books were opened: and another book was opened, which
is the book of life: and the dead were judged out of those things
which were written in the books, according to their works." Rev.
20:12.
34. What shows that the actions of men are recorded?
"And the Lord harkened, and heard it, and a book of remem-
brance was written before Him for them that feared the Lord,
and that thought upon His name." Mal. 3: 16. See also Isa.
65: 6; Jer. 2:22.
35. In the judgment how many angels minister before God?
"A fiery stream issued and came forth from before Him:
thousand-thousands ministered unto Him, and ten thousand times
ten thousand stood before Him: the judgment was set, and the
books were opened." Dan. 7: 10.
400 BIBLE READINGS
NOTE.— Since the angels are our ministering spirits, and our lives
are open before them, it is reasonable to infer that they make the record
of our lives. Then when the books are examined, they will of necessity
be present, to minister before God.
36. What does Christ promise overcomers?
ove,rooMeth, the same shall be clothed in white
raiment; and I will not blot out his name cirthettgiltellfe,.
but I will confess his name before My Father, and before His an-
gels." Rev. 3: 5.
37. What protection has God promised His people during
the seven last plagues?
"There shall no evil befall thee, neither shall any plague
come nigh thy dwelling. For He shall give His angels charge
over thee, to keep thee in all thy ways. They shall bear thee up in
their hands
, lest thou dash thy foot against a stone." Ps. 91: 10-12.
38. When Christ comes, who will come with Him, and what
will they do?
"For the Son of man shall come in the glory of His Father
with His angels." " And they shall gather together His elect from
the four winds, from one end of heaven to the other." Matt.
16:27; 24:31.
•
39. Where will all the saints then go?
"Then we which are alive and remain shall be caught up to-
gether with them in the clouds, to meet the Lord in the air: and so
shall we ever be with the Lord." 1 These. 4: 17.
Nam.-- We shall then have the privilege of seeing and conversing
not only with the good and blest of all ages, but with the angels who have
ministered to us during our earthly pilgrimage.

THE DARK MINISTRIES OF BAD ANGELS

1. AGAINST whom do we wrestle?
"For we wrestle not against flesh and blood, but against
principalities, against powers, against the rulers of the darkness
of this world, against spiritual wickedness [margin, wicked spirits]
in high places [margin, heavenly places]." Eph. 6: 12.
NOTE.— "The facts of history concur with the statements of revela-
tion in forcing upon us the unwelcome conviction that the human race is
subject to the malevolent influence of an organized and all-pervading
demonism. Alike in the career of nations and in the phenomena of personal
destiny the presence of demotuacal skill and power is often prominent,
frequently dominant, always evil."—"Footprints of Angels in Fields of
Revelation," by E. A. Stockman, page 2.
 THE DARK MINISTRIES OF BAD ANGELS 401
2. To what place were the angels that sinned cast?
"For if God spared not the angels that sinned, but cast them
down to hell [Greek, tartarus, a place of darkness], and delivered
them into chains of darkness, to be reserved unto judgment."
2 Peter 2: 4.
3. What is Satan himself called?
"The god of this world." 2 Cor. 4:4. "The prince of this
world." John 14:30. "The prince of the power of the air."
Eph. 2: 2.
4. How numerous are these wicked spirits, or fallen angels?
"And He asked him, What is thy name? And he answered,
saying, My name is Legion: for we are many." Mark 5: 9.
5. What is the chief occupation of Satan and his angels?
"And He was there in the wilderness forty days, tempted
of Satan." Mark 1: 13. "Be sober, be vigilant; because your
adversary the devil, as a roaring lion, walketh about, seeking
whom he may devour." 1 Peter 5: 8. See Rev. 12: 9, 12; 16: 14.
NOTES.- "In undiminished possession of their intelligence and
strength, they constantly assault us in every weakness, through every
avenue, by every means, by methods foul or fair. . . . Whom they
cannot destroy they cease not to worry, torment. They inspire evil tem-
pers; arouse dark passions; instil ill will; beget malice, envy; impose care,
fear, distrust; suggest deceit, fraud, and all the forms of crime." "Su-
premely do they revel in the criminal domain. They foster falsehood,
incite revenge, fan jeal3usy, beget quarrels,. help on thefts, robbery, and
arson, further divorces, plan defalcations, instigate murders. They run
the saloons and edit the Police News."—" Footprints of Angels in Fields of
Revelation," pages 9, 10, 22.
6. What are we admonished not to do?
"Be ye angry, and sin not: let not the sun go down upon
your wrath: neither give place to the devil." Eph. 4: 26, 27.
Nan.— Those who give vent to anger or retain old .grudges, who
parley with temptation or tamper with vice, who indulge in intemperance,
pride, foolishness, or levity, or give way to any other weakness, give place
to the devil; that is, they give the devil an opportunity to work through
them — give him an advantage over them. We should therefore close
every avenue to Satan and his angels. We should suppress anger, be
sober and watchful, and nip in the bud every prompting to sin.
7. What spirits stand ever ready to deceive and ruin those
*ho are off guard or bent on going astray?
"And the Lord said, Who ,shall persuade [maygin, deceive]
Ahab, that he may go up and fall at Ramoth-gilead? . . .
And there came forth a spirit, and stood before the Lord, and said, ,
26
402 BIBLE READINGS
I will persuade him. And the Lord said unto him, Wherewith?
And he said, I will go forth, and I will be a lying spirit in the
mouth of all his prophets. And He said, Thou shalt persuade
him, and prevail also: go forth, and do so." 1 Kings 22: 20-22.
See 2 Thess. 2: 10, 11.
8. With what were many possessed in Christ's time?
"And they brought unto Him all sick people that were taken
with divers diseases and torments, and those which were pos-
sessed with devils." Matt. 4: 24.
Nan.— Vampire-like, evil angels take possession of, and make their
abode with, all over whose minds and bodies they can gain control. Only
through Christ can this demoniacal captivity be broken. Until this is
done, one in this condition is led captive by Satan "at his will." His self-
control and power to resist temptation are gone. See 2 Tim. 2: 28.
9. How do evil spirits sometimes treat those thus possessed?
"And as he was yet a coming, the devil threw him down, and
tare him." Luke 9: 42.
NOTE.— Those under demoniacal control are simply thti sport and
plaything of the evil spirits possessing and controlling them.
10. As we near the closing scenes of human probation, why
may we expect an increase in demoniacal manifestations?
"Woe to the inhabiters of the earth and of the sea! for the
devil is come down unto you, having great wrath, because he knoweth
that he hath but a short time." Rev. 12: 12.
Noma.— Acquainted, as they are, with the laws of nature, Satan and
his angels raise storms and scatter disease and death as far as lies within
their power; and, as enemies of God, they likewise pervert the truth and
disseminate error as far as possible. Far better, also, than the inhab-
itants of the world, do they know that the end of all things is fast approach-
ing and that their time to work is short.
11.. Concerning what have we been definitely informed?
`Now the Spirit speaketh expressly, that in the latter times
some shall depart from the faith, giving heed to seducing spirits,
and doctrines of devils." 1 Tim. 4: 1.
12. What class of God's servants have evil angels, through
wicked men, seemed to make special objects of attack?
"Which of the prophets have not your fathers persecuted?"
Acts 7:52.
Novas.— "Of all classes of men employed by the Heavenly Father
in the work of redemption, none are more fiercely hated by the wicked
angels than the whole line of the prophets; for from the first to the last
they foretell the final and eternal overthrow and utter extinction of the
`powers of darkness,' the 'spirits of disobedience.' "—" Footprints of Angels
in Fields of Revelation," page 14.
 THE DARK MINISTRIES OF BAD ANGELS 403
Evil angels also incite men and nations to war,. and by this means
divert their attention from things pertaining to the ingdom of God, and
so take peace from the earth. Rev. 16: 14. This will end in Armageddon.
"Familiar with the laws which govern mental conditions, the fallen
hosts ply all their specious arts to excite personal suspicions and ani-
mosities,. and to create national resentments and bloody conflicts, their
chief delight being to compass the destruction of peace and the banishment
of concord from the earth, to embitter the poor children of sin and sorrow
against each other, and turn our world into an arena of strife and crime."
—"Footprints of Angels in Fields of Revelation," page 25.
13. What will be the final doom of Satan and his angels?
"Then shall He say also unto them on the left hand, Depart
from Me, ye cursed, into everlasting fire, prepared for the devil
and his angels." Matt. 25:41. "And the day that cometh
shall burn them up, saith the Lord of hosts, that it shall leave
them neither root nor branch." Mal. 4: 1. See Rev. 20:9.

SPIRITUALISM
. WHAT is Spiritualism defined to be?
"A belief that departed spirits hold intercourse with mortals
by means of physical phenomena, as by rapping, or during
abnormal mental states, as in trances, or the like, commonly
manifested through a medium; spiritism."— Webster.
Spiritism: "The theory that mediumistic phenomena are caused by
spirits of the dead."— Webster.
NomE.— "The very central truth of Spiritualism is the power and
possibility of spirit return, under certain conditions, to communicate with
those in the material form."— N. F. Ravlin, Spiritualistic lecturer, of
California.
2. Did this doctrine exist in ancient times?
"Regard not them that have familiar spirits, neither seek
after wizards, to be defiled by them: I am the Lord your God."
Lev. 19; 31.
NOTE.-"The phenomenal aspect of modern Spiritualism reproduces
all essential principles of the magic, witchcraft,. and sorcery of the past.
The same powers are involved, the same intelligences are operating."—
F. F. Morse, in "Practical Occultism," page 86.
3. How does God regard sorcerers?
"And I will come near to you to judgment; and I will be a
swift witness against the sorcerers." Mal. 3: 5.
4. What does He say of the teachings of enchanters and
sorcerers?
"Therefore harken not ye to . . . your enchanters,
404 BIBLE READINGS

nor to your sorcerers, . . . for they prophesy a lie unto you,

to remove you far from your land." Jer. 27: 9, 10.
NOTES: Rev, F. B. Meyer, of England, gives the following warning
against dabbling in Spiritualism: "I have known several families that have
been cursed by. having recourse to clairvoyants and mediums. There are
grave dangers in these things; and when occult powers are used for selfish
mu, luptikijag Spr_vacal women to be filled with evil spirits, as was
the girl at Philippi. People are VoislicliTarisdthlhe -dregs et the 'Wilt*
world."— Present Truth, Sept. 7, 1911.
"I am perfectly certain that the whole movement known as modern
Spiritualism is in the hands and under the direction of the father of evil
spirits; in other words, is thoroughly and unmistakably diabolical."— Dr.
C. Williams, of London, England.
5. Before their entrance into Canaan, what instruction did
Moses give Israel concerning these things?
"When thou art come into the land which the Lord thy God
giveth thee, thou shalt not learn to do after the abominations
of those nations. There shall not be found among you any one
that maketh his son or his daughter to pass through the fire,
or that useth divination, or an observer of times, or an en-
chanter, or a witch, or a charmer, or a consulter with familiar
spirits, or a wizard, or a necromancer. For all that do these
things are an abomination unto the Lord: and because of these
abominations the Lord thy God doth drive them out from be-
fore thee. Thou shalt be perfect with the Lord thy God."
Deut. 18: 9-13.
NOTES.— Whoever consults or has to do with mediums or any who
profess to receive instruction or communications from the spirits of the
dead, disregards this plain instruction, and places himself upon the enemy's
ground. Ever since Satan told that first lie in Eden, when he denied that
death would be the result of sin, in the very face of death itself, he, work-
ing upon man's natural dread of death and upon his distress at the thought
of being separated from loved ones, has been endeavoring to persuade
men to believe that the dead are not dead, and that men do not die. Id ila-
try, heathenism, Spiritualism, occultism, and the whole brood of false isms
of this kind, it will be noticed, deal very largely with death. This, of itself,
indicates their origin, and should be a warning to all to let them alone — to
have nothing whatever to do with them. They are from beneath, and not
from above. However promising or pleasing they may be at first, they are
downward and destructive in their tendency, and ultimately lead away from
God, into unbelief of His Word and into sin. They promise life by deny-
ing death, and apparently "make good" Satan's lie in Eden, through the
ministration and manifestations of evil angels representing themselves
to be the spirits of the dead.
In a sermon on "Spiritualism an Imposture," Rev. T. De Witt Tal-
mage said: "Spiritualism takes advantage of those who are weak and mor-
bid with trouble. We lose a friend. The house is dark, the world is dark,
the future seems dark. If we had, in our rebellion and weakness, the
power to marshal a host and recapture our loved one from the next world,
we should marshal the host. Spiritualism comes in at that moment, when
we are all worn out by watching,— all worn out, body, mind, and soul,—
 SPIRITUALISM 405
and says: ' Now I. will open that door; you shall hear the voices; take your
places around the table; all be quiet now.' . . . I denounce Spiritualism
because it takes advantage of people when they are weak and worn out and
morbid under life's bereavements and sorrows. . . . If Spiritualism had
full sway, it would turn the world into a pandemonium of carnality. It is
an unclean and an adulterous religion."
6. Under the theocracy of Israel, what was the law con-
cerning witches and those who had familiar spirits?
"Thou shalt not suffer a witch to live." Ex. 22: 18. "A
man also or woman that hath a familiar spirit, or that is a
wizard, shall surely be put to death." Lev. 20: 27.
NOTE.- This shows how dangerous and deadly everything of this
character is in God's sight.
7. With what is witchcraft classed by Paul, and what does
he say to those who are guilty of such things?
"Idolatry, witchcraft, hatred, variance, emulations, wrath,
strife, seditious, heresies. . . . I have also told you in time
past, that they which do such things shall not inherit the king-
dom of God." Gal. 5: 20-23.
8. What should one do if asked to inquire of a familiar
spirit?
"And when they shall say unto you, Seek unto them that
have familiar spirits, and unto wizards that peep, and that
mutter: should not a people seek unto their God? for the living
to the dead?" Isa. 8: 19.
NOTE. - Giving the sense of this passage, Dr. Adam Clarke says:
"Should not a nation seek unto its God'? Why should you seek unto the
dead concerning the living?" But this is exactly what Spiritualism teaches
men to do,— to seek unto the dead concerning the living.

9. What instruction does the apostle John give touching

this subject?
"Beloved, believe not every spirit, but try the spirits whether
they are of God." 1 John 4: 1.
10. By what are we to try them?
"To the law and to the testimony: if they speak not according
to this word, it is because there is no light in them." Isa. 8: 20.
11. Should we allow ourselves to be influenced by signs or
wonders performed by those who would try to lead us away
irom_God and Nis law?
"If there arise among you a prophet, or a dreamer of dreams,
and giveth thee a sign or a wonder, and the sign or the wonder
406 BIBLE READINGS

coin to pass, whereof he spake unto thee, saying, Let us go after

other gods, which thou hast not known, and let us serve them;
thou shalt not harken unto the words of that prophet, or that dreamer
of dreams: for the Lord your God proveth you, to know whether
ye love the Lord your God with all your heart and with all your
soul. Ye shall walk after the Lord your God, and fear Him,
and keep His commandments, and obey His voice." Deut.
13: 1-4.
12. How much do the dead know of what is going on among
men?
"Thou changest his countenance, and sendest him away.
His sons come to honor, and he knoweth it not; and they are
brought low, but he perceiveth it not of them." Job 14: 20, 21.
13. Do the dead know anything?
"For the living know that they shall die: but the dead know
not anything." Eccl. 9: 5. "His breath goeth forth, he re-
turneth to his earth; in that very day his thoughts perish." Ps.
146 : 4.
14. What scripture forever precludes the idea that the
dead come back to earth to communicate with the living?
"Also their love, and their hatred, and their envy, is now
perished; neither have they any more a portion forever in any-
thing that is done under the sun." Eccl. 9: 6.
15. Then when miracles are performed by spirits purporting
to be those of our dead friends, to what shall we attribute them?
"For they are the spirits of devils, working miracles." Rev.
16: 14.
16. What will be one characteristic of last-day apostasies?
"Now the Spirit speaketh expressly, that in the latter times
some shall depart from the faith, giving heed to seducing spirits,
and doctrines of devils." 1 Tim. 4: 1.
NoTEs.—The following items illustrate a condition widely prevalent:
" A lawyer with a national reputation, well known to me,' said J. L.
Hall, of New York, 'never begins the preparation of a difficult case with-
out getting " advice from the other side,' as he describes the search. . . .
Another distinguished man of New York City once asserted to me that he
had his familiar spirit with which he talked as freely as with a human com-
panion."— Washington Herald, May 8, 1911.
A noted Brooklyn divine some years ago, not realizing that he was
voicing Spiritualistic views, gave expression to the following: "What are
our departed Christian friends, who in this world had their joy in the heal-
ing art, doing now?— Busy at their old business. No sickness in heaven,
but plenty of sickness on earth."— Christian Herald, July 8, 1882.
 SPIRITUALISM 407
Writing concerning "Communion With the Departed," General
Booth, of the Salvation Army, said: "Through all my history, my personal
intercourse with the spirit world has been but limited. I have not been
favored with many visions, and it is but seldom that I dream dreams that
impart either pleasure or profit; and yet I have a spiritual communion
with the departed saints that is not without both satisfaction and service.
And especially of late the memories of those with whom my heart has had
the choicest communion in the past, if not the very beings themselves, have
come in upon me as I have sat at my desk or lain wakeful on my bed in the
night-season. Amongst these, one form, true to her mission, comes more
frequently than all besides, assuring me of her continued partnership in
my struggle for the temporal and eternal salvation of the multitudes —
and that is my blessed, my beautiful wife!"— War Cry, Nov. 27, 1897.
"Dr. Joseph Parker, of the City Temple, London, has openly de-
clared that he prayed to his departed wife every day. He said that he
never came to the City Temple to preach without asking her to come with
him. He further says: 'I encourage my friend to pray to his wife, and to
pray God to ask her to come to his help. She will be more to him than
twelve legions of unknown angels."'— The Living Church, Nov. 14, 1899.
"The emperor Nicholas . . . has fallen under the influence of a
Spiritualist named Philipp, who rules the emperor to such an extent that
His Majesty makes no important decision, even in relation to family life,
without consulting his Spiritualistic guide."—Melbourne Age, Nov. 15,1902.
In a statement given out Dec. 20, 1910, soon after the death of Mrs.
Eddy, the founder of Christian Science, Mrs. Amelia Stetson, one of the
leaders of the Christian Science Church of New York City, said: "Mrs.
Eddy, who was the female Christ, will return to earth. I am watching
and waiting for the manifestation of Mrs. Eddy in the semblance of human
form. It may come today, it may come next week, it may not come for
ten years, but it will surely come. . . . The millennium is at hand.
Mrs. Eddy is not dead. She is still alive, and when she appears again on
earth, it will be as herself — as Mary Baker Eddy."
"A message purporting to come from Mrs. Mary Baker Eddy, the
founder of Christian Science, through Mr. William T. Stead, the noted
English journalist, shortly after the former's death, says, 'There is no
death; all is life; all is freedom."— Signs of the Times, Feb. 28, 1911.
And soon after Mr. Stead himself went down on the "Titanic," April
15, 1912, Spiritualists in different parts of the world received numerous
messages purporting to have come from him.
17. How does Satan deceive the people?
"And no marvel; for Satan himself is transformed into an
angel of light." 2 Cor. 11: 14.
18. What role do his agents assume?
"Therefore it is no great thing if his ministers also be trans-
formed as the ministers of righteousness." Verse 15.
19. Will Satan and his agents attempt to counterfeit the
coming of Christ, and work signs and wonders to confirm their
pretentious claims?
"Then if any man shall say unto you, Lo, here is Christ,
or there; believe it not. For there shall arise false Christs,
408 BIBLE READINGS
and false prophets, and shall show great signs and wonders; inso-
much that, if it were possible, they shall deceive the very elect."
Matt. 24: 23, 24.
20. What will be one of the last great signs performed by
this means, to fasten men in deception?
"And he doeth great wonders, so that he maketh fire come
down from heaven on the earth in the sight of men, and deceiveth
them that dwell on the earth by the means of those miracles
which he had power to do in the sight of the beast; saying to
them that dwell on the earth that they should make an image
to the beast, which had the wound by a sword, and did live."
Rev. 13: 13, 14.
21. What scripture shows that Satan is to work with special
power and deceptive wonders just before Christ's second coming?
"Whose coming is after the working of Satan with all power
and signs and lying wonders, and with all deceivableness of un-
righteousness in them that perish." 2 Thess. 2: 9, 10. See
also Rev. 12: 12.
22. While many will be deceived by these wonders, and
accept of the false Christs that appear, what will those say who
have maintained their love for the truth, and patiently waited
for Christ's return?
"And it shall be said in that day, Lo, THIS is our God; we
have waited for Him; and He will save us: THIS is the Lord;
we have waited for Him, we will be glad and rejoice in His salva-
tion." Isa. 25: 9.
23. What warning has been given us through the apostle
Peter?
"Be sober, be vigilant; because your adversary the devil,
as a roaring lion, walketh about, seeking whom he may devour."
1 Peter 5: 8.
WICKED spirits gather round thee,
Legions of those foes to God —
Principalities most mighty —
Walk unseen the earth abroad;
They are gathering to the battle,
Strengthened for the last deep strife;
Christian, arm! be watchful, ready,
Struggle manfully for life.
 PART XII
Christian Growth and Experience

GROWTH IN GRACE
1. How does the apostle Peter close his second epistle?
"But grow in grace, and in the knowledge of our Lord and
Saviour Jesus Christ." 2 Peter 3: 18.
2. How may grace and peace be multiplied in believers?
"Grace and peace be multiplied unto you through the knowl-
edge of God, and of Jesus our Lord." 2 Peter 1: 2.
3. What is implied in a knowledge of God and Jesus Christ?
"And this is life eternal, that they might know Thee the only
true God, and Jesus Christ, whom Thou hast sent." John 17 : 3.
4. By what may we be partakers of the divine nature?
"Whereby are given unto us exceeding great and precious
promises: that by these ye might be partakers of the divine
nature, having escaped the corruption that is in the world
through lust." 2 Peter 1: 4.
5. What graces are we to add in our character building?
"Add to your faith virtue [courage]; and to virtue knowl-
edge; and to knowledge temperance [self-control]; and to tem-
perance patience; and to patience godliness; and to godliness
brotherly kindness; and to brotherly kindness charity." Verses
5-7.
NOTES.- Faith is the first round in the Christian ladder, the first
step Godward. "He that cometh to God must believe." Heb. 11:6.
But an inoperative faith is useless. "Faith without works is dead."
James 2:20. To be of value, there must be coupled with faith that virtue,
or courage of conviction, which impels to action.
To courage there needs to be added knowledge; otherwise, like the
stumbling Jews, one may have a zeal, "but not according to knowledge."
Rom. 10: 2. Fanaticism is the result of such courage, or zeal. Knowledge,
therefore, is an essential to healthy Christian growth.
To knowledge there needs to be added temperance, or self-control —
Of-government. See Acts 24: 25, American Standard Version, and mar-
gin of Revised Version. To know to do good, and not do it, is as use-
less as is faith without works. See James 4: 17. Instead of temperance,
the Twentieth Century New Testament invariably says self-control.
[4091
410 BIBLE READINGS

Patience naturally follows temperance. It is well-nigh impossible for

an intemperate person to be patient.
Having gained control of oneself, and become patient, one is in a
condition to manifest godliness, or God-likeness.
Having become godly, kindness toward the brethren, or brotherly kind-
ness, naturally follows.
Charity, or love for all, even our enemies, is the crowning grace, the
highest step, the eighth round, in the Christian ladder.
The arrangement in this enumeration of graces is by no means acci-
dental or haphazard, but logical and sequential, each following the other
in natural, necessary order. The finger of Inspiration is seen here.
6. What is said of charity in the Scriptures?
"Charity suffereth long, and is kind; . . . thinketh no
evil; rejoiceth not in iniquity, but rejoiceth in the truth; beareth
all things, believeth all things, hopeth all things, endureth all things."
1 Cor. 13:4-7. "And above all things have fervent charity
among yourselves: for charity shall cover the multitude of sins."
1 Peter 4: 8. "Love covereth all sins." Prov. 10: 12.
7. What is charity called?
"And above all these things put on charity, which is the
bond of perfectness." Col. 3: 14.
8. What is the result of cultivating these eight graces?
"For if these things be in you, and abound, they make you
that ye shall neither be barren nor unfruitful in the knowledge of
our Lord Jesus Christ." 2 Peter 1: 8.
9. What is the condition of one who lacks these graces?
"But he that lacketh these things is blind, and cannot see
afar off, and hath forgotten that he was purged from his old sins."
Verse 9.
10. What is promised those who add grace to grace?
" If ye do these things, ye shall never fall." Verse 10.

THE CHRISTIAN ARMOR

1. WHAT power was to make war upon the remnant church
prior to the second advent?
"And the dragon [Satan] was wroth with the woman, and
went to make war with the remnant of her seed, which keep
the commandments of God, and have the testimony of Jesus
Christ." Rev. 12: 17.
2. What reward is promised to the overcomer?
 THE CHRISTIAN ARMOR 411
"To him that overcometh will I give to eat of the tree of life,
which is in the midst of the paradise of God." Rev. 2: 7. See
also Rev. 2: 11, 17, 26-28; 3: 5, 12, 21. "He that overcometh
shall inherit all things." Rev. 21: 7.
3. Through whom are we able to conquer?
"Nay, in all these things we are more than conquerors
through Him that loved us." Rom. 8:37.
4. Who was the invisible leader of the armies of Israel?
"Behold, there stood a man over against him with His
sword drawn in His hand: and Joshua went unto Him, and said
unto Him, Art thou for us, or for our adversaries? And He said,
Nay; but as captain of the host of the Lord am I now come."
Joshua 5: 13, 14. See also 1 Cor. 10: 14.
5. What is the character of the Christian's weapons of
warfare?
"For the weapons of our warfare are not carnal, but mighty
through God to the pulling down of strongholds." 2 Cor. 10: 4.
6. What are these weapons able to conquer?
"Casting down imaginations, and every high thing that ex-
alteth itself against the knowledge of God, and bringing into cap-
tivity every thought to the obedience of Christ." Verse 5.
7. What are we to put on?
"Put on the whole armor of God, that ye may be able to stand
against the wiles of the devil." Eph. 6: 11.
8. With what kind of forces do we have to contend?
"For we wrestle not against flesh and blood, but against
principalities, against powers, against the rulers of the dark-
ness of this world, against spiritual wickedness in high places."
Verse 12.
NOTE.- The margin says, "wicked spirits" in "heavenly" places.
9. What are the first essentials of the needed armor?
"Stand therefore, having your loins girt about with truth,
and having on the breastplate of righteousness." Verse 14.
10. What is the truth with which one's loins should be
girded?
"Sanctify them through Thy truth: Thy word is truth."
" I am the way, the truth." John 17: 17; 14:6.
11. What is meant by having the loins girded?
412 BIBLE READINGS
"Wherefore gird up the loins of your mind." 1 Peter 1: 13.
12. What is the righteousness of which the breastplate is
composed?
"My tongue shall speak of Thy word: for all Thy command-
ments are righteousness." Ps. 119: 172. "And this is His
name whereby He shall be called, The Lord Our Righteousness."
Jer. 23: 6. See Rom. 13: 14; 1 Thess. 5: 8.
13. With what are the feet to be shod?
"And your feet shod with the preparation of the gospel of
peace.". Eph. 6: 15. See also Eph. 2: 14; James 3: 18.
14. What piece of armor is next mentioned as necessary?
"Above all, taking the shield of faith, wherewith ye shall be
able to quench all the fiery darts of the wicked." Eph. 6: 16.
See 1 John 5: 4; Heb. 11:6,
15. What armor is to be put on as a protection to the head?
"And take the helmet of salvation." Eph. 6: 17.
NOTE.- In 1 Thess. 5: 8 the helmet is called "the hope of salvation."
The helmet was worn to protect the head. So the hope of salvation will
preserve the courage, and thus aid in protecting the spiritual life of the
Christian pilgrim when beset by the enemy of righteousness.
16. With what sword is the Christian soldier to be armed?
"The sword of the Spirit, which is the word of God." Eph.
6: 17.
Nam.— By this Christ defeated the enemy. See Matt. 4: 1-11;
Luke 4: 1-13. But no one can use this sword who does not know it. Hence,
the importance of studying and knowing the Bible.
17. In what words are the courage, faithfulness, and loyalty
of the remnant church expressed?
"And they overcame him by the blood of the Lamb, and by
the word of their testimony; and they loved not their lives unto
the death." Rev. 12: 11.
18. Will Christ's loyal soldiers be victorious under Him?
"And I saw as it were a sea of glass mingled with fire: and
them that had gotten the victory over the beast, and over his
image, and over his mark, and over the number of his name,
stand on the sea of glass, having the harps of God." Rev. 15: 2.
 WALKING IN THE LIGHT
1. How important is it that we walk in the light when it
comes to us?
"Walk while ye have the light, lest darkness come upon you:
for he that walketh in darkness knoweth not whither he goeth."
John 12:35.
NOTE.— It is important to settle a plain question of duty at once,
and not delay obedience under the excuse of waiting for more light. To
do as did Balsam — ask God again concerning that which He has plainly
and expressly spoken — is dangerous. Nor should we, like the unbelieving
Jews, seek a sign from heaven to convince us that we ought to obey the
written Word. Has God spoken? Is it His word? Then obey. Do not
insult Heaven with the question whether it is right to obey. If one gets
an answer to such prayers, it will more than likely be a permission to
have one's own chosen way of continuing in disobedience, the end of which
is death. See 1 Kings 22: 1-36; Eze. 14:1-5.
2. Upon what condition are we promised cleansing from sin?
"But if we walk in the light, as He is in the light, we have
fellowship one with another, and the blood of Jesus Christ His
Son cleanseth us from all sin." 1 John 1: 7.
3. How long may the just expect increased light to shine
upon their pathway?
"But the path of the just is as the shining light, that shineth
more and more unto the perfect day." Prov. 4: 18.
4. For whom is light sown?
"Light is sown for the righteous, and gladness for the upright
in heart." Ps. 97: 11.
NOTE.— The more earnestly one desires to know the will of God,
while living up to all the light he has, the more light and truth from God
will shine upon his pathway. The fact that one has the evidence of his
acceptance with God, is no proof that he has all the light there is for
him. If light is sown for the righteous, such are the very ones who may
expect advanced light to come to them, and to see new duties presented
to them from a study of the Word of God.
5. Who was told by an angel of God that his ways pleased
the Lord?
"He saw in a vision evidently about the ninth hour of the
day an angel of God coming in to him, and saying unto him,
Cornelius. And when he looked on him, he was afraid, and said,
What is it, Lord? And he said unto him, Thy prayers and thine
alms are come up for a memorial before God." Acts 10: 3, 4.
6. Because Cornelius's ways pleased the Lord, was this
evidence that he had nothing more to learn or do?
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414 BIBLE READINGS

"And now send men to Joppa, and call for one Simon, whose
surname is Peter: he lodgeth with one Simon a tanner, whose
house is by the seaside: he shall tell thee what thou oughtee to do."
Verses 5, Cr.
NOTE.— The reason why the Lord favored Cornelius with a visit
from one of His angels, was note because Cornelius knew the way of salva-
tion perfectly, but because the Lord saw in him a sincere desire for more
light, and a willing mind to comply with every known requirement. That
spirit was pleasing to God, and He therefore opened the way for Cornelius
to learn the whole truth from Peter that he might be saved. God never
changes. He does the same now with sincere, devoted persons. All may
now receive advanced light, if, like Cornelius, they seek it, and are willing
to walk in it when it comes to them. If it is neglected, they are guilty
before God, and will be left to the buffetings of the enemy.

7. What will become of the light which one has if he fails

to walk in it?
"The light of the body is the eye: therefore when thine eye
is single, thy whole body also is full of light; but when thine eye
is evil, thy body also is full of darkness. Take heed therefore
that the light which is in thee be not darkness." Luke 11: 34, 35.
8. Why did Christ say that the sin of those who rejected
Him remained?
"Jesus said unto them, If ye were blind, ye should have no
sin: but now ye say, We see; therefore your sin remaineth."
John 9:41. See also John 15:22.
NOTE.— With advanced light comes increased responsibility. Duty
is always in proportion to one's light and privileges. Present truth always
brings with it present duty. See reading on "Present Truth," page 87.

9. Why are those condemned that do not come to the light?

"And this is the condemnation, that light is come into the
world, and men loved darkness rather than light, because their
deeds were evil." John 3: 19.
10. If one is really seeking for truth, what will he do?
"But he that doeth truth cometh to the light, that his
deeds may be made manifest, that they are wrought in God."
Verse 21.
11. What will those who reject light and truth, finally be
led to believe?
" And for this cause God shall send them strong . delusion,
that they should believe a lie: that they all might be damned who
believed not the truth, but had pleasure in unrighteousness."
2 Thess. 2: 11, 12.
 WALKING IN THE LIGHT 415
Nom-- The opposite of light is darkness' the opposite of truth is a
lie. For those who reject light and truth, only darkness
' and error remain.
God is sometimes in the Scriptures represented as sending that which he
permits to come. See Pa. 81: 12; 1 Kings 22: 20-23; Rom. 1: 21-28.
12. Who is the light of the world?
"I am the light of the world: he that followeth Me shall not
walk in darkness, but shall have the light of life." John 8: 12.
13. How are we to walk in Christ?
"As ye have therefore received Christ Jesus the Lord, so walk
ye in Him." Col. 2: 6.
14. What has God given to guide our feet aright in the path
of truth and duty?
"Thy word is a lamp unto my feet, and a light unto my path."
Ps. 119: 105. See Prov. 6:23.
15. What does the entrance of God's word give?
"The entrance of Thy word giveth light; it giveth under-
standing unto the simple." Ps. 119: 130.
16. Who does Christ say will be blessed through the proph-
ecies of the book of Revelation?
"Blessed is he that readeth, and they that hear the words of
this prophecy, and keep those things which are written therein."
Rev. 1: 3.
NOTE.- We are in the last days, in the generation that is to hear the
final warning message contained in this book. See Rev. 14:6-10; 18: 1-5.
Those who accept this message are described as keeping the command-
ments of God and the faith of Jesus. See Rev. 12: 17; 14: 12; 22: 14; and
readings on pages 174-185. Now especially this book should be studied.
17. May those who have once been led of God, be rejected
by Him on account of unbelief?
"I will therefore put you in remembrance, though ye once
knew this; how that the Lord, having saved the people out of
the land of Egypt, afterward destroyed them that believed not."
Jude 5.
18. Upon what condition only may we be made partakers
of Christ?
"For we are made partakers of Christ, if we hold the begin-
ning of our confidence steadfast unto the end." Heb. 3: 14. See
Matt. 10: 22; 24: 12, 13; Heb. 10:35-39.
 SAVING FAITH
1. WHAT is faith?
"Faith is the substance [margin, ground, or confidence] of
things hoped for, the evidence of things not seen." Heb. 11: 1.
2. How important is faith?
"Without faith it is impossible to please Him: for he that
cometh to God must believe that He is, and that He is a re-
warder of them that diligently seek Him." Verse 6.
3. How only can we truly know God?
"Neither knoweth any man the Father, save the Son, and
he to whomsoever the Son will reveal Him." Matt. 11: 27.
4. In whom must we believe in order to be saved?
"For God so loved the world, that He gave His only be-
gotten Son, that whosoever believeth in Him should not perish,
but have everlasting life." John 3: 16.
5. What challenge does the apostle James make as to the
evidence that one has genuine faith?
"Show me thy faith without thy works, and I will show thee
my faith by my works." James 2: 18.
6. How did Abraham show that he had perfect faith in God?
"Was not Abraham our father justified by works, when he
had offered Isadc his son upon the altar? Seest thou how faith
wrought with his works, and by works was faith made perfect?"
Verses 21, 22.
7. By what practical example does the apostle illustrate the
difference between genuine, living faith, and a dead faith?
"If a brother or sister be naked, and destitute of daily food,
and one of you say unto them, Depart in peace, be ye warmed
and filled; notwithstanding ye give them not those things which
are needful to the body; what doth it profit?" Verses 15, 16.
8. How necessary are works in maintaining living faith?
"But wilt thou know, 0 vain man, that faith without works
is dead? . . . For as the body without the spirit [margin,
breath] is dead, so faith without works is dead also." Verses 20-26.
NOTES.— The apostle was not here arguing for justification or salva-
tion by faith and works, but for a living faith — a faith that works.
"There are two errors against which the children of God — par-
ticularly those who have just come to trust in His grace —especially need
[416]
 SAVING FAITH 417
to guard. The first . . . is that of looking to their own works, trust-
ing to anything they can do, to bring themselves into harmony with God.
He who is trying to become holy by his own works in keeping the law, is
attempting an impossibility. All that man can do without Christ is
polluted with selfishness and sin. It is the grace of Christ alone, through
faith, that can make us holy. The opposite and no less dangerous error
is that belief in Christ releases men from keeping the law of God; that
since by faith alone we become partakers of the grace of Christ, our works
have nothing to do with our redemption. . . . Obedience — the
service and allegiance of love — is the true sign of discipleship. . . .
Instead of releasing man from obedience, it is faith, and faith only, that
makes us partakers of the grace of Christ, which enables us to render
obedience. We do not earn salvation by our obedience; for salvation is
the free gift of God, to be received by faith. But obedience is the fruit
of faith. . . . That so-called faith in Christ which professes to re-
lease men from the obligation of obedience to God, is not faith, but pre-
sumption."—"Steps to Christ," pages 64-66.
Says Luther: "If Christ alone takes away sin, we cannot do so by all
our works. But good works follow redemption as surely as fruit appears
upon a living tree."— D'Aubigne's "History of the Reformation," book
B, chap. 6.
9. What does the hope of salvation lead one to do?
"And every man that hath this hope in Him purifieth himself,
even as He is pure." 1 John 3: 3.
10. Upon what condition are we made partakers of Christ?
"For we are made partakers of Christ, if we hold the begin-
ning of our confidence steadfast unto the end.' Heb. 3: 14.
11. Upon what conditions has God promised us cleansing
and the forgiveness of our sins?
"But if we walk in the light, as He is in the light, we have
fellowship one with another, and the blood of Jesus Christ
His Son cleanseth us from all sin. . . . If we confess our
sins, He is faithful and just to forgive us our sins, and to cleanse
us from all unrighteousness." 1 John 1: 7-9.
NOTE.-Intelligent faith as to what God will do for us touching any
matter must be gained by what God's Word says concerning that point.
No one can consistently hope for that which God has not promised. To
expect that God will do that which He has never promised to do is only
presumption. Faith is distinct from presumption. To have abiding
I confidence in the promise of God is faith; but presumption may rest en-
tirely on feeling or desire. Feeling cannot therefore be relied on in the
matter of faith. Faith is a pure belief, a confiding trust, in the promises
of God, irrespective of feeling. This perfect trust enables one to surmount
difficulties under the most trying circumstances, even when the feelings
are depressed or well-nigh crushed.
12. Upon what, then, is genuine, saving faith based?
"Faith cometh by hearing, and hearing by the word of God."
Rom. 10: 17.
27
418 BIBLE READINGS

13. What was the cause of Peter's sinking after he had

started to meet the Saviour on the stormy sea?
"And immediately Jesus stretched forth His hand, and
caught him, and said unto him, 0 thou of little faith, wherefore
didst thou doubt?" Matt. 14: 31.
Novo.— The boisterous sea caused Peter to doubt the strength of
Christ's word, "Come."
14. With what is it our privilege to be filled?
"Now the God of hope fill you with all joy and peace in believ-
ing, that ye may abound in hope, through the power of the
Holy Ghost." Rom. 15: 13.
NOTE.- Faith may be strengthened by daily exercise. It is not
some great thing, done once for all, that gives an individual faith; but an
every-day, simple, childlike trust in God, and an implicit obedience to
His Word. Some make faith a more difficult matter than God would
have them, because they try to embrace too much at one time. They
take on the burdens of tomorrow or next week, when the Lord supplies
strength only for today. When tomorrow comes, grapple with its duties,
but not until it does come. We should remember the precious promise,
"As thy days, so shall thy strength be." Deut. 33:25.

TRIALS AND THEIR OBJECT

1. WHAT does the apostle Peter say concerning the trials
through which every believer must pass?
"Beloved, think it not strange concerning the fiery trial which
is to try you, as though some strange thing happened unto you :
but rejoice, inasmuch as ye are partakers of Christ's sufferings;
that, when His glory shall be revealed, ye may be glad also with
exceeding joy." 1 Peter 4: 12, 13.
2. How important is the trial of our faith?
"That the trial of your faith, being much more precious than
of gold that perisheth, though it be tried with fire, might be found
unto praise and honor and glory at the appearing of Jesus
Christ." 1 Peter 1: 7.
NoTEs.— "When David was fleeing through the wilderness, pursued
by his own son, he was being prepared to become the sweet singer of Israel.
The pit and the dungeon were the best schools at which Joseph ever grad-
uated. The hurricane that upset the tent and killed Job's children pre-
pared the man of Uz to write the magnificent poem that has astonished
the ages. There is no way to get the wheat out of the straw but to thresh
it out. There is no way to purify the gold but to burn it"— Talmage's
"One Thousand Gems," page 83.
Nothing "happens" to the Christian. Everything that enters his
life is sent or permitted to come by an all-wise and all-loving Heavenly
Father, and is designed for the perfection of character, and the fitting up
 TRIALS AND THEIR OBJECT ' 419
and the enlargement of capacity for service. The rocks and rough places
on the mountainside are the things we climb on. Even failures, if taken
rightly, may become stepping-stones to higher ground.
3. What reason did Paul give for glorying in tribulations?
"We glory in tribulations also: knowing that tribulation
worketh patience; and patience, experience; and experience, hope:
and hopemaketh not ashamed; because the love of God is shed
abroad in our hearts by the Holy Ghost which is given unto us."
Rom. 5: 3-5.
4. What, according to the prophecy of Daniel, was to befall
the people of God down through the ages?
"And they that understand among the people shall instruct
many: yet they shall fall by the sword, and by flame, by captivity,
and by spoil, many days." Dan. 11:33.
5. Why was this to be?
"And some of them of understanding shall fall, to try them,
and to purge, and to make them white, even to the time of the end."
Verse 35.
6. Looking forward to the conflicts through which His follow-
ers must pass, what cheering message did Christ send them
through the revelator?
"Fear none of those things which thou shalt suffer: behold,
the devil shall cast some of you into prison, that ye may be tried;
. . . be thou faithful unto death, and I will give thee a crown
of life. . . . He that overcometh shall not be hurt of the second
death." Rev. 2: 10, 11. See notes on pages 200, 228.
7. What description does Paul give of the sufferings endured
by some of God's people in former ages?
"Others were tortured, not accepting deliverance; that they
might obtain a better resurrection: and others had trial of cruel
mockings and scourgings, yea, moreover of bonds and imprison-
ment: they were stoned, they were sawn asunder, were tempted,
were slain with the sword: they wandered about in sheepskins
and goatskins; being destitute, afflicted, tormented; (of whom
the world was not worthy:) they wandered in deserts, and in
mountains, and in dens and caves of the earth." Heb. 11:35-38.
8. How many does Paul say will suffer persecution?
"Yea, and all that will live godly in Christ Jesus shall suffer
persecution." 2 Tim. 3 : 12.
9. Does God willingly afflict the children of men?
420 BIBLE READINGS
"For the Lord will not cast off forever: but though He cause
grief, yet will He have compassion according to the multitude
of His mercies. For He cloth not afflict willingly nor grieve the
children of men." Lam. 3: 31-33.
10. Why, then, does God permit the chastening rod to fall?
"For they [parents] verily for a few days chastened us after
their own pleasure; but He for our profit, that we might be par-
takers of His holiness." Heb. 12: 10.
11, ferring to Peter's coming sore trial, for what did
Christ s y He had prayed?
"Sa n hath desired to have you, that he may sift you as
wheat: b I have prayed for thee, that thy faith fail not."
Luke 22:31, 32.
12. What cheering promise is made to those who endure
the trials and temptations of this life?
"Blessed is the man that endureth temptation: for when
he is tried, he shall receive the crown of life, which the Lord hath
promised to them that love Him." James 1: 12.
NOTE.- Says a Christian writer: "Our sorrows do not spring out of
the ground. God 'cloth not afflict willingly nor grieve the children of men.'
When He permits trials and afflictions, it is 'for our profit, that we might
be partakers of His holiness.' If received in faith, the trial that seems so
bitter and hard to bear will prove a blessing. The cruel blow that blights
the joys of earth will be the means of turning our eyes to heaven. How
many there are who would never have known Jesus had not sorrow led
them to seek comfort in Himl The trials of life are God's workmen, to
remove the impurities and roughness from our character. Their hewing,
squaring, and chiseling, and their burnishing and polishing, is a_painful
process. It is hard to be pressed down to the grinding-wheel. But the
stone is brought forth prepared to fill its place in the heavenly temple."

OVERCOMING
1. WHAT overcomes the world?
"For whatsoever is born of God overcometh the world."
1 John 5: 4, first part.
2. In whose victory may the Christian ever rejoice and take
courage?
"These things I have spoken unto you, that in Me ye might
have peace. In the world ye shall have tribulation: but be of
good cheer; I have overcome the world." John 16: 33.
3. Who is it that overcomes?
 OVERCOMING 421
"Who is he that overcometh the world, but he that believeth
that Jesus is the Son, of God?" 1 John 5: 5.
4. Through what, then, is the victory gained in the work of
overcoming?
"And this is the victory that overcometh the world, even
our faith." Verse 4, last part.
5. Through whom do we obtain the victory?
"But thanks be to God, which giveth us the victory through
our Lord Jesus Christ." 1 Cor. 15: 57. "Nay, in all these
things we are more than conquerors through Him that loved us."
Rom. 8: 37.
6. How did Christ overcome when tempted?
By the Word of God. See Matt. 4: 1-11.
7. How do the Scriptuies say the saints overcame the
enemy?
"And they overcame him by the blood of the Lamb, and by
the word of their testimony; and they loved not their lives un',,D
the death." Rev. 12: 11.
8. With what does the apostle Paul tell us to overcome evil?
"Be not overcome of evil, but overcome evil with good."
Rom. 12: 21.
9. Why was Jacob's name changed to Israel ?
"And he said, Thy name shall be called no more Jacob, but
Israel: for as a prince hast thou power with God and with men,
and hast prevailed." Gen. 32:28.
EXCEEDING GREAT AND PRECIOUS PROMISES
"To him that overcometh will I give to eat of the tree of
life, which is in the midst of the paradise of God." Rev. 2: 7.
"He that overcometh shall not be hurt of the second death."
Verse 11.
"To him that overcometh will I give to eat of the hidden
manna." Verse 17.
"He that overcometh, and keepeth My works unto the end,
to him will I give power over the nations." Verse 26.
"He that overcometh, the same shall be clothed in white
raiment; and I will not blot out his name out of the book of
life, but I will confess his name before My Father, and before
His angels." Rev. 3: 5.
422 BIBLE READINGS
"Him that overcometh will I make a pillar in the temple
of My God." Verse 12.
"To him that overcometh will I grant to sit with Me in My
throne, even as I also overcame, and am set down with My
Father in His throne." Verse 21.
"He that overcometh shall inherit all, things; and I will be
his God, and he shall be My son." Rev. 21: 7.

THE MINISTRY OF SORROW

1. WHY is it better to go to the house of mourning than to
the house of feasting?
"It is better to go to the house of mourning, than to go to
the house of feasting: for that is the end of all men; and the living
will lay it to his heart." Eccl. 7: 2.
2. What did David ask God to teach him?
"Lord, make me to know mine end, and the measure of my
days, what it is, that I may know how frail I am." Ps. 39:4.
See also Ps. 90: 12.
3. Why is sorrow better than laughter?
"Sorrow is better than laughter: for by the sadness of the
countenance the heart is made better." Eccl. 7: 3.
NOTE.— "Many of the loveliest songs of peace and trust and hope
which God's children sing in this world they have been taught in the hushed
and darkened chambers of sorrow. . . Afflictions, sanctified, soften
the asperities of life. They tame the wildness of nature. They temper
human ambitions. They burn out the dross of selfishness and worldli-
ness. They humble pride. They quell fierce passions. They reveal to
men their own hearts, their own weakness, faults, blemishes, and perils.
They teach patience and submission. They discipline unruly spirits.
They deepen and enrich our experience."—" Week-Day Religion," by J. R.
Miller, D. D., pages 92, 93.
4. Are the righteous freed from afflictions in this world?
"Many are the afflictions of the righteous: but the Lord de-
livereth him out of them all." Ps. 34: 19.
5. Does God delight to afflict any?
"For the Lord will not cast off forever: but though He cause
grief, yet will He have compassion according to the multitude
of His mercies. For He cloth not afflict willingly nor grieve the
children of men." Lam. 3:31-33.
6. Does He afflict to leave the one chastened in despair?
"Behold, happy is the man whom God correcteth: therefore
 THE MINISTRY OF SORROW 423
despise not thou the chastening of the Almighty: for He maketh
sore, and bindeth up: He woundeth, and His hands make whole."
Job 5: 17, 18.
7. In what language is the same truth again expressed?
"Come, and let us return unto the Lord: for He hath torn,
and He will heal us; He hath smitten, and He will bind us up."
Hosea 6: 1. See also Isa. 61: 1-3.
8. Whom does the Lord chasten?
"For whom the Lord loveth He chasteneth, and scourgeth every
son whom He receiveth." Heb. 12: 6.
9. Is this, for the time being, a source of pleasure?
"Now no chastening for the present seemeth to be joyous, but
grievous: nevertheless afterward it yieldeth the peaceable fruit
of righteousness unto them which are exercised thereby."
Verse 11.
NOTE.— "Many of the sweetest joys of Christian hearts are songs
which have been learned in the bitterness of trial." " Many a cold,
icy nature is made warm and tender by the grief that crushes it."—" Week-
Day Religion," by J. R. Miller, D. D., pages 91, 93.
10. What, aside from sin, causes more sorrow than all else?
Death, or the loss of loved ones.
11. Does death bring to Christians unassuaged sorrow?
"I would not have you to be ignorant, brethren, concerning
them which are asleep, that ye sorrow not, even as others which
have no hope." 1 Thess. 4: 13.
NOTE.— The loss of loved ones God often uses as a means of conver-
sion, and of severing the ties which bind to earth. Persecution; sickness;
the loss of sight, hearing, or limb; the loss of property; or other calamities
may likewise be instrumental in drawing us nearer to God. See Ps. 119:
71; Isa. 26:9.
12. What do our transient afflictions do for us?
"For our light affliction, which is but for a moment, worketh
for us a far more exceeding and eternal weight of glory." 2 Cor.
4: 17. See Rom. 8:28.
COMFORT IN AFFLICTION
1. Ann God's people free from affliction?
"Many are the afflictions of the righteous: but the Lord
delivereth him out of them all." Ps. 34: 19.
2. How does God regard the afflicted?
424 BIBLE READINGS

"He heareth the cry of the afflicted." Job 34: 28.

3. What has He promised to be to those in trouble?
"God is our refuge and strength, a very present help in
trouble." Ps. 46: 1.
4. With what feelings does the Lord*look upon His children?
"Like as a father pitieth his children, so the Lord pitieth them
that fear Him." Ps. 103: 13.
5. What does He know and remember?
"For He knoweth our frame; He remembereth that we are
dust." Verse 14.
6. What has the Lord promised to be to the oppressed?
"The Lord also will be a refuge for the oppressed, a refuge
in times of trouble." Ps., 9: 9.
7. What has God promised His children when passing
through trials and afflictions?
"When thou passest through the waters, I will be with thee;
and through the rivers, they shall not overflow thee: when thou
walkest through the fire, thou shalt not be burned; neither shall
the flame kindle upon thee." Isa. 43: 2.
8. What did David say with reference to his being afflicted?
"It is good for me that I have been afflicted; that I might learn
Thy statutes." Ps. 119: 71.
9. When afflicted, for what did he pray?
"Look upon my affliction and my pain; and forgive all my
sins." Ps. 25: 18.
10. Before he was afflicted, what did he do?
"Before I was afflicted I went astray: but now have I kept
Thy word." Ps. 119: 67.
11. What did Christ learn through suffering?
"Though He were a Son, yet learned He obedience by the
things which He suffered." Heb. 5: 8.
12. In perfecting character, what must come to all?
"And ye have forgotten the exhortation which speaketh
unto you as unto children, My son, despise not thou the chasten-
ing of the Lord, nor faint when thou art rebuked of Him: for
whom the Lord loveth He chasteneth, and scourgeth every son whom
He receiveth." Heb. 12: 5, 6.
 COMFORT IN AFFLICTION 425
13. Is this chastening a pleasant experience?
"Now no chastening for the present seemeth to be joyous, but
grievous: nevertheless afterward it yieldeth the peaceable fruit
of righteousness unto them which are exercised thereby."
Verse 11.
14. What courage and strength, therefore, should come to
us even in the hour of affliction?
"Wherefore lift up the hands which hang down, and the feeble
knees." Verse 12. See also Job 4: 3, 4; Isa. 35:3.
15. What did Job say in the midst of his afflictions?
"Though He slay me, yet will I trust in Him." Job 13: 15.
16. What is God called in the Scriptures?
"The God of all comfort." 2 Cor. 1: 3.
17. Whom does God comfort?
"God, that comforteth those that are cast down." 2 Cor.
7:6.
18. What promise is made to those that mourn?
"Blessed are they that mourn: for they shall be comforted.'
Matt. 5: 4.
19. Why does God comfort us in tribulation?
"Who comforteth us in all our tribulation, that we may be
able to comfort them which are in any trouble, by the comfort where-
with we ourselves are comforted of God." 2 Cor. 1: 4.
Norm.— One who has passed through trouble and affliction himself,
and received comfort from God, is better able to minister comfort to others.
20. How should we sympathize with others in their sorrows?
"Weep with them that weep." Rom. 12: 15. "To him
that is afflicted pity should be showed from his friend." Job 6: 14.
21. Does Jesus sympathize with us in our afflictions?
"For we have not an high priest which cannot be touched
with the feeling of our infirmities; but was in all points tempted
like as we are." Heb. 4: 15.
22. How did He manifest His sympathy in the case of Mary
and her friends weeping over the death of Lazarus?
"When Jesus therefore saw her weeping, and the Jews also
weeping which came with her, He groaned in the spirit, and was
troubled, and said, Where have ye laid him? They said unto
Him, Lord, come and see. Jesus wept." John 11: 33-35.
426 BIBLE READINGS
Nan.— Not alone for Mary and her friends did Jesus weep. Look-
ing down through the ages, He saw the tears and the heartaches which
death would bring to mankind in this sin-stricken world. His heart was
touched with human woe, and He wept with those that wept.
23. Whatever may come, what blessed assurance has every
one who loves God?
"And we know that all things work together for good to them
that love God." Rom. 8: 28.
NOTE.- If one loves God, he may rest assured that out of every trial
and affliction good will come.
24. In bereavement, like whom should we not sorrow?
"As others which have no hope." 1 Thess. 4: 13.
25. When our friends fall asleep in death, with what words
are we told to comfort one another?
"For if we believe that Jesus died and rose again, even so
them also which sleep in Jesus will God bring with Him. . . .
For the Lord 'Himself shall descend from heaven with a shout,
with the voice of the Archangel, and with the trump of God:
and the dead in Christ shall rise first: then we which are alive
and remain shall be caught up together with them in the clouds,
to meet the Lord in the air: and so shall we ever be with the
Lord. Wherefore comfort one another with these words." Verses
14-18.
26. What promise has God made to bereaved mothers?
"Thus saith the Lord; Refrain thy voice from weeping,
and thine eyes from tears: for thy work shall be rewarded, saith
the Lord; and they shall come again from the land of the enemy."
Jer. 31:16.
27. What did Christ say would be the experience of His
people in this world?
"In the world ye shall have tribulation: but be of good cheer;
I have overcome the world." " Ye shall weep and lament, but
the world shall rejoice: and ye shall be sorrowful, but your sorrow
shall be turned into joy." John 16: 33, 20.
28. In what respect is the reaping of God's people to differ
from their sowing?
"They that sow in tears shall reap in joy. He that goeth forth
and weepeth, bearing precious seed, shall doubtless come again
with rejoicing, bringing his sheaves with him." Ps. 126: 5, 6.
 TRUSTING IN JESUS
1, WHAT did the prophet Isaiah predict of Christ?
"And in that day there shall be a root of Jesse, which shall
stand for an ensign of the people; to it shall the Gentiles seek:
and His rest shall be glorious." Isa. 11: 10.
Nom—Paul renders this, " In Him shall the Gentiles trust." Rom.
15 : 12.
2. Why does God wish us to trust in Jesus?
"That we should be to the praise of His glory, who first
trusted in Christ." Eph. 1: 12.
3. What did the Ephesians do upon hearing the gospel?
"In whom ye also trusted, after that ye heard the word of
truth, the gospel of your salvation." Verse 13, first part.
4. What experience followed this trust in Jesus?
"In whom also after that ye believed, ye were sealed with
that Holy Spirit of promise." Verse 13, last part.
NOTE.-- To trust in Jesus is to believe in Him, to have abiding and
unbounded confidence in Him. When such trust exists, we are sealed by
the Holy Spirit of promise.
5. What is the gospel to every one that believes?
"I am not ashamed of the gospel of Christ: for it is the power
of God unto salvation to every one that believeth." Rom. 1: 16.
6. How does God regard one who abandons his faith?
"Now the just shall live by faith: but if any man draw back,
My soul shall have no pleasure in him." Heb. 10: 38.
7. Is there danger of believers losing their hold on Christ?
"And because iniquity shall abound, the love of many shall
wax cold." Matt. 24: 12.
8. By what does one gain the victory over the world?
"This is the victory that overcometh the world, even our
faith." 1 John 5: 4.
9. What encouragement does Jesus give us to meet cheer-
fully the troubles and trials of life?
"These things I have spoken unto you, that in Me ye might
have peace. In the world ye shall have tribulation: but be of
good cheer; I have overcome the world." John 16: 33.
10. What has this firm trust in Jesus led many to do?
[427]
428 BIBLE READINGS
"And they overcame him by the blood of the Lamb, and by
the word of their testimony; and they loved not their lives unto
the death." Rev. 12: 11. "And others had trial of cruel mock-
ings and scourgings, yea, moreover of bonds and imprisonment:
they were stoned, they were sawn asunder, were tempted, were
slain with the sword: they,wandered About in sheepskins and
goatskins; being destitute, afflicted, tormented; (of whom the
world was not worthy)." Heb. 11: 36-38.
11. What did it lead Moses to do?
"By faith Moses, when he was come to years, refused to
be called the son of Pharaoh's daughter; choosing rather to suffet
affliction with the people of God, than to enjoy the pleasures of sin
for a season; esteeming the reproach of Christ greater riches
than the treasures in Egypt: for he had respect unto the recom-
pense of the reward." Verses 24-26.
12. What is promised those who trust in Jesus?
"There is no man that hath left house, or brethren, or
sisters, or father, or mother, or wife, or children, or lands, for
My sake, and the gospel's, but he shall receive an hundredfold
now in this time houses, and brethren, and sisters, and mothers,
and children, and lands, with persecutions; and in the world to
come eternal life." Mark 10: 29, 30.
13. What is Jesus able to do?
"Now unto Him that is able to keep you from falling, and to
present you faultless before the presence of His glory." Jude 24.

PATIENCE
1. WHAT has the Bible to say concerning patience?
"The patient in spirit is better than the proud in spirit."
Eccl. 7: 8. "Be patient toward all men." 1 Thess. 5: 14. "In
your patience possess ye your souls." Luke 21: 19.
2. What contrast is drawn between the patient and the hasty
in spirit?
"He that is slow to wrath is of great understanding: but he
that is hasty of spirit exalteth folly." Prov. 14: 29.
3. Who are cited as examples of patience?
"Take, my brethren, the prophets . . . for an example
of suffering affliction, and of patience. . . . Ye have heard
of the patience of Job." James 5: 10, 11.
 PATIENCE 429
4. What is said of those who endure?
"Behold, we count them happy which endure." Verse 11.
"Blessed is the man that endureth temptation." James 1: 12.
"He that endureth to the end shall be saved." Matt. 10: 22.
5. What does the trying of faith work?.
"Knowing this, that the trying of your faith worketh pa-
tience." James 1: 3. "Not only so, but we glory in tribula-
tions also: knowing that tribulation worketh patience." Rom.
5:3.
6. What grace is to be added to temperance, or self-control?
"And to temperance patience." 2 Peter 1: 6.
NOlt.- Patience naturally follows temperance. Hence the impor-
tance of right living,— of gaining control over the appetites and passions.
7. Why are we exhorted to patience?
"But let patience have her perfect work, that ye may be per-
fect and entire, wanting nothing." James 1: 4.
8. What important test of perfection of character is given?
"If any man offend not in word, the same is a perfect man,
and able also to bridle the whole body." James 3: 2.
9. How are we exhorted to run the Christian race?
"Let us run with patience the race that is set before us, look-
ing unto Jesus the author and finisher of our faith." Heb.
12: 1, 2.
10. For what glorious event are we bidden patiently to wait?
"And the Lord direct your hearts into the love of God, and
into the patient waiting for Christ." 2 Thess. 3: 5. "Be pa-
tient therefore, brethren, unto the coming of the Lord. . . .
Be ye also patient; stablish your hearts: for the coming of the
Lord draweth nigh." James 5: 7, 8. •
11. What will be one characteristic of the remnant church?
"Here is the patience of the saints: here are they that keep the
commandments of God, and the faith of Jesus." Rev. 14: 12.
12. What should be the language of every heart?
"I wait for. the Lord, my soul doth wait, and in His word do I
hope." Ps. 130: 5.
13. When Christ comes, what will His people say?
430 BIBLE READINGS

"And it shall be said in that day, Lo, this is our God; we have
waited for Him, and He will save us: this is the Lord; we have
waited for Him, we will be glad and rejoice in His salvation."
Isa. 25: 9.

'CONTENTMENT
1. WHAT does the apostle say is great gain?
"But godliness with contentment is great gain. For we
brought nothing into this world, and it is certain we can carry
nothing out." 1 Tim. 6: 6, 7.
2. With what are we exhorted to be content?
"Let your conversation , be without covetousness; -and be
content with such things as ye have: for He bath said, I will never
leave thee, nor forsake thee." Heb. 13: 5. "And having food
and raiment let us be therewith content." 1 Tim. 6: 8.
3. Concerning what does Christ tell us not to be anxious?
"Be not therefore anxious, saying, What shall we eat? or,
What shall we drink? or, Wherewithal shall we be clothed? For
after all these things do the Gentiles seek; for your Heavenly
Father knoweth that ye have need of all these things." Matt.
6:31, 32, R. V.
NoTE.— "Live not in careful suspense." Luke 12:29, margin.
4. What evils befall those who are determined to be rich?
"But they that will be rich fall into temptation and a snare,
and into many foolish and hurtful lusts, which drown men in de-
struction and perdition. For the love of money is the root of
all evil: which while some coveted after, they have erred from
the faith, and pierced themselves through with many sorrows."
1 Tim. 6: 9, 10.
5. By what illustrations did Christ teach contentment?
"Consider the ravens: for they neither sow nor reap; which
neither have storehouse nor barn; and God feedeth them: how
much more are ye better than the fowls? . . Consider the
lilies how they grow: they toil not, they spin not; and yet I say
unto you, that Solomon in all his glory was not arrayed like one
of these. If then God so clothe the grass, which is today in the
field, and tomorrow is cast into the oven; how much more will
He clothe you, 0 ye of little faith?" Luke 12: 24-28.
6. What lesson in contentment did Paul say he had learned?
 CONTENTMENT 431
"I have learned, in whatsoever state I am, therewith to be con-
tent." Phil. 4: 11.
7. What ancient promise should lead to contentment?
"While the earth remaineth, seed-time and harvest, and
cold and heat, and summer and winter, and day and night shall
not cease." Gen. 8: 22.
8. Upon whom should we cast all our care?
"Casting all your care upon Him [God]; for He careth for
you." 1 Peter 5: 7.
Norms.— "Contentment produces, in some measure, all those effects
which the alchemist usually. ascribes to what he calls the philosopher's
stone. If it does not bring riches, it does the same thing by banishing the
desire for them. If it cannot remove the disquietudes arising from a man's
mind, body, or fortune, it makes him easy under them."— Addison.
A contented mind sees something good in everything,—,fair weather
in every wind, blessings in every storm.
"If we cannot get what we like, we should try to like what we get."
" There is no malady more severe than habitual discontent."—Fleming.
"If you cannot frame your circumstances in accordance with your
wishes, frame your will in harmony with your circumstances."— Epictetus.
"A contented mind is a continual feast."

CHEERFULNESS •
1. BEFORE leaving His disciples, what did Jesus say to them?
"These things I have spoken unto you, that in Me ye might
have peace. In the world ye shall have tribulation: but be of
good cheer; I have overcome the world." John 16: 33.
2. What were some of the cheering words He said to them?
"Let not your heart be troubled: ye believe in God, believe
also in Me. In My Father's house are many mansions: if it
were not so, I would have told you. I go to prepare a place for
you. And if I go and prepare a place for you, I will come again,
and receive you unto Myself; that where I am, there ye may be
also." John 14: 1-3.
3. In what spirit should we serve the Lord?
"Serve the Lord with gladness: come before His presence
with singing." Ps. 100:2.
4. What is sown for the upright in heart?
"Light is sown for the righteous, and gladness for the upright
in heart." Ps. 97: 11.
432 BIBLE READINGS
5. What effect has a merry heart?
"A merry heart doeth good like a medicine: but a broken
spirit drieth the bones." Prov. 17 : 22.
NOTE.- From this we may learn the influence which the mind has
over the body. Cheerfulness is conducive to life and health; sorrow, care,
anxiety, and worry tend to disease and death.
6. What effect do helpful, cheerful words have upon the
heart?
"Heaviness in the heart of man maketh it stoop: but a good
word maketh it rlad." Prov. 12: 25.
7. By what temporal blessings does God fill men's hearts
with gladness?
"Nevertheless He left not Himself without witness, in that
He did good, and gave us rain from heaven, and fruitful seasons,
filling our hearts with food and gladness." Acts 14: 17.
8. Why and for what may every child of God rejoice?
"I will greatly rejoice in the Lord, my soul shall be joyful
in my God; for He path clothed me with the garments of salvation,
He bath covered me with the robe of righteousness." Isa. 61: 10.
9. Against what are Christians warned?
"Neither murmur ye, as some of them also murmured, and
were destroyed of the destroyer." 1 Cor. 10: 10.
NomEs.--- "There are those who take to gloom as a bat to darkness
or as a vulture to carrion. They would rather nurse a misery than cherish
a joy. They always find the dark side of everything, if there is a dark
side to be found. They appear to be conscientious grumblers, as if it were
their duty to extract some essence of misery from every circumstance.
. . . On the other hand, there are rare spirits who always take cheerful
views of life. They look at the bright side. They find some joy and
beauty everywhere. . . . In the most faulty picture they see some
bit of beauty which charms them. In the most disagreeable person they
discover some kindly trait or some bud of promise. In the most dishearten-
ing circumstances they find something for which to be thankful, some gleam
of cheer breaking through the thick gloom. . . . When a ray of sun-
light streamed through a crack in the shutter and made a bright patch on
the floor in the darkened room, the little dog rose from his dark corner and
went and lay down in the one sunny spot; and these people live in the same
philosophical way. If there is one beam of cheer or hope anywhere in
their lot, they will find it. . . . We have no right to project the gloom
of our discontent over any other life. Our ministry is to be ever toward
joy. There is nothing so depressing in its effects upon others as morbid-
ness. . . . Discontent helps nothing. . . . One never feels better
for complaining."—" Week-Day Religion," by 1. R. Miller, D. D., pages
286-241.
"How many people," says Jeremy Taylor, "are busy in the world
gathering together a handful of thorns to sit upon."
 CHEERFULNESS 433
"As a little girl was eating, the sun dashed upon her spoon, and she
cried, '0 mama, I have swallowed a spoonful of sunshine!' Would God
that we all might indulge in the same beverage!"— Talmage's "One Thou-
1 sand Gems," page 66.
10. Even when persecuted, what are we told to do, and why?
"Blessed are ye, when men shall hate you, and when they
shall separate you from their company, and shall reproach you,
and cast out yow name as evil, for the Son of man's sake. Re-
joice ye in that day, and leap for joy: for, behold, your reward is
great in heaven." Luke 6: 22, 23.
11. When beaten by the Jewish rulers for preaching Christ;
what did the apostles do?
"And they departed from the presence of the council, re-
joicing that they were counted worthy to suffer shame for His
name. Acts 5:41.
12. After receiving "many stripes," with their feet made
fast in the stocks, what did Paul and Silas do while in prison?
"And at midnight Paul and Silas prayed, and sang praises
unto God: and the prisoners heard them." Acts 16: 25.
13. What assurance is given that the child of God may
bravely endure every trial and hardship of life?
"And we know that all things work together for good to them
that love God, to them who are the called according to His pur-
pose." Rom. 8: 28.
14. How constant should our rejoicing be?
"Rejoice in the Lord alway: and again I say, Rejoice."
Phil. 4: 4.
Nam.— "Good cheer is the hall-mark of a brave and healthy soul.
To give way. to gloomy thoughts, otherwise the 'blues,' is a sign of weak-
ness. This isn't asserting that no one but weaklings is attacked by the
blues; but it is one thing to be attacked and another to rout the disturber.
And that is what the brave soul does.. There may be a very real and
tangible reason why the heart faints and halts, for life is serious, and the
3.,world full of unexpected trials; but to sit and brood over a trouble only
makes it look larger and larger until it finally obscures the horizon line,
and darkness descends upon the soul. Wherefore, the thing to do is to
cast aside all thoughts of worry for a moment,— just say to yourself, It
is only for a moment,— and when you return to it again you will be sur-
prised to find it has lessened in size and importance."— The New World.

28
 CHRISTIAN COURTESY
1. WHAT should be our conduct one toward another?
"L'ove as brethren, be pitiful, be courteous." 1 Peter 3:
2. How many should we honor?
"Honor all men. Love the brotherhood." 1 Peter 2: 17.
3. Whom should we salute?
"If ye salute your brethren only, what do ye more than
others? do not even the publicans so?" Matt. 5: 47.
4. What respect should be shown the aged?
"Thou shalt rise up before the hoary head, and honor the
face of the old man." Lev. 19: 32. See 2 Kings 2: 23, 24.
5. Whom especially should children honor?
"Honor thy father and thy mother." Ex. 20: 12.
6. How should faithful gospel ministers be regarded?
"Let the elders that rule well be counted worthy of double
honor." 1 Tim. 5: 17.
7. What is the basis of true Christian courtesy?
"Charity [love] . . . is kind; . . . charity vaunt-
eth not itself, is not puffed up, doth not behave itself unseemly,
seeketh not her own." 1 Cor. 13: 4, 5.
Nan.— Genuine Christian courtesy is the outgrowth of love, and
manifests itself in thoughtful consideration for others.

CONFESSING FAULTS AND FORGIVING

ONE ANOTHER
1. WHAT has God promised to do when we confess our sins?
"If we confess•our sins, He is faithful and just to forgive us
our sins, and to cleanse us from all unrighteousness." 1 John
1:9.
2. How has it been made possible for sins to be forgiven?
"If any man sin, we have an advocate with the Father,
Jesus Christ the righteous: and He is the propitiation for our
sins." 1 John 2: 1, 2.
3. To whom should sins be confessed, and why?
[434]
 CONFESSING AND FORGIVING FAULTS 435

"Against Thee, Thee only, have I sinned, and done this evil
in Thy sight." Ps. 51:4. See Gen. 39: 9.
4. What instruction is given concerning confession of faults?
"Confess your faults one to another, and pray one for another,
that ye may be healed." James 5: 16.
NOTES,- The Bible makes a distinction between a sin and a fault.
We sin against God; for sin is the transgression of His law. 1 John 3: 4.
We trespass one against another. These offenses, while involving sin,
are called faults, and should be corrected by confession and forgiveness.
The only remedy for either pointed out in the Word of God is heartfelt
confession. One writer aptly says: "Confess your sins to God, who only
can forgive them, and your faults to one another. If yob, have given offense
to your friend or neighbor, you are to acknowledge your wrong, and it is
his duty freely to forgive you. Then you are to seek the forgiveness of
God,. because the brother you have wounded is the property of God, and
in injuring him you sinned against his Creator and Redeemer."
To confess one's faults is not an easy thing to do; in fact, it is one of
the hardest lessons to learn, for it requires the grace of humility as well as
that of sorrow and true repentance. It has been said that the four hardest
words to pronounce in the English language are, "I made a mistake."
Frederick the Great wrote to the Prussian senate, "I have just lost a
battle, and it is my own fault." Concerning this Goldsmith says, " His
confession shows more greatness than his victories."
The confession should not only be complete, but it should be as broad
and as public as was the offense. Private offenses should be confessed
in private.
5. When we do wrong, what is the natural thing for us to do?
Excuse it, seek to hide it, or blame some one else for it.
See Gen. 3: 12, 13; 4: 9.
6. After David's great sin had been pointed out to him, what
did he say?
"I have sinned." 2 Sam. 12: 13. "I acknowledge my
transgressions." Ps. 51: 3.
7. When David in contrition of heart confessed his sin, what
was God's word to him by Nathan, the prophet?
"And David said unto Nathan, I have sinned against the
Lord. And Nathan said unto David, The Lord also hath put
away thy sin; thou shalt not die." 2 Sam. 12: 13.
Noun.— This scripture is especially encouraging. God hates sin.
He wants us likewise to hate it and shun it, because it invariably gets us
into trouble, causes sorrow of heart, and in the end brings death. But
when involved in it, as was David, as soon as it is acknowledged and sin-
cerely confessed, that very moment it is forgiven. David said, "I have
sinned." The immediate answer was returned, "The Lord also hath put
away thy sin."
8. Is it ever right to tell a brother of his faults?
436 BIBLE READINGS
"If thy brother shall trespass against thee go and tell him
his fault between thee and him alone: if he shall' hear thee, thou
hast gained thy brother." Matt. 18: 15. "Thou shalt not
hate thy brother in thine heart: thou shalt in any wise rebuke
thy neighbor, and not suffer sin upon him." Lev. 19: 17.
9. In what spirit should this kind of work be done?
"Brethren, if a man be overtaken in a fault, ye which are
spiritual, restore such an one in the spirit of meekness; consider-
ing thyself, lest thou also be tempted." Gal. 6: 1.
Nan, It is much easier to tell some one else of a brother's faults
than it is to tell hint of them himself; but this is not the Christian way to
proceed. The first efforts should be made with the offender in person,
and alone. But it is easier even to tell a brother of his faults than it is to
confess to, him our own. This, again, let it be noted, is the one very diffi-
cult lesson to learn, the one Christian duty difficult to perform. Only
humility and the grace of God will enable one to do it.
10. When we pray, what does Christ tell us to do, and why?
"And when ye stand praying, forgive, if ye have aught
against any: that your Father also which is in heaven may forgive
you your trespasses." Mark 11: 25.
11. If we do not forgive others, what will God not do?
"But if ye do not forgive, neither will your Fathd which is
in heaven forgive your trespasses." Verse 26. See, for illustra-
tion, Christ's parable recorded in Matt. 18: 23-35.
12. What words of Joseph to his brethren show that he for-
gave them for selling him into Egypt?
"Now therefore be not grieved, nor angry with yourselves,
that ye sold me hither: for God did send me before you to preserve
life. . . . So now it was not you that sent me hither, but
God." Gen. 45: 5-8.
13. What was Christ's reply to Peter's question as to the
number of times we should forgive one another?
"Then came Peter to him, and said, Lord, how oft shall
my brother sin against me, and I forgive him? till seven times?
Jesus saith unto him, I say not unto thee, Until seven times: but,
Until seventy times seven." Matt. 18: 21, 22.
Nom.— That is, an unlimited number. We must pardon offenses
against us though ever so often done; we must forgive to the end.
14. What spirit did Jesus manifest toward those who nailed
Him to the cross?
"Then said Jesus, Father, forgive them; for they know not
what they do." Luke 23: 34.
 CONFESSING AND FORGIVING FAULTS 437
15. How did Stephen manifest the same spirit toward those
who stoned him?
"And they stoned Stephen, calling upon God, . . . and
he kneeled down, and cried with a loud voice, Lord, lay not this
sin to their charge." Acts 7: 59, 60. See 1 Peter 4: 8.

THE DUTY OF ENCOURAGEMENT

1. WHEN the ten spies brought back an evil report from the
land of Canaan, what did Caleb say?
"And Caleb stilled the people before Moses and said, Let
us go up at once, and possess it; for we are well able to overcome it."
Num. 13: 30.
2. What did the ten spies say?
"But the men that went up with him said, We be not able to
go up against the people; for they are stronger than we." Verse 31.
3. What effect did this evil report have upon the people?
"And all the congregation lifted up their voice, and cried;
and the people wept that night. And all the children of Israel
murmured against Mose§ and against Aaron: and the whole
congregation said unto them, Would God that we had died in the
land of Egypt! or would God we had died in this wilderness!
. . And they said one to another, Let us make a captain,
and let us return into Egypt." Num. 14: 14.
4. With what words did Moses seek to encourage Joshua?
"And Moses called unto Joshua, and said unto him in the
sight of all Israel, Be strong and of a good courage. . . . The
Lord, He it is that doth go before thee; He will be with thee,
He will not fail thee, neither forsake thee: fear not, neither be
dismayed." Deut. 31: 7, 8.
5. In his final charge to Joshua, what did Moses, speaking
for God, say to him?
"And he gave Joshua the son of Nun a charge, and said,
Be strong and of a good courage: for thou shalt bring the children
of Israel into the land which I sware unto them: and I will be
with thee." Verse 23.
6. After Moses' death, how did the Lord encourage Joshua?
"The Lord spake unto Joshua the son of Nun, Moses'
minister, saying, . . . There shall not any man be able to
stand before thee all the days of thy life: as I was with Moses,
438 BIBLE READINGS

so I will be with thee: I will not fail thee, nor forsake thee.
Be strong and of a good courage." Joshua : 1-6.
7. When Sennacherib, king of Assyria, came against Jeru-
salem, what did King Hezekiah say to Israel?
"Be strong and courageous, be not afraid nor dismayed for the
king of Assyria, nor for all the multitude that is with him: for
there be more with us than with him: with him is an army of
flesh; but with us is the Lord our God to help us, and to fight
our battles." 2 Chron. 32: 7, 8.
8. What effect did these words have upon the people?
"And the people rested themselves upon the words of Hezekiah
king of Judah." Verse 8.
9. How did Josiah seek to promote the worship of God?
"And he set the priests in their charges, and encouraged them
to the service of the house of the Lord." 2 Chron. 35: 2.
10. By what message, through the prophet Haggai, did God
seek to encourage the people to rebuild the temple?
"Be strong, 0 Zerubbabel, saith the Lord; and be strong, 0
Joshua, son of Josedech, the high Kiest; and be strong, all ye
people of the land, saith the Lord, and work: for I am with you,
saith the Lord of hosts." Haggai 2: 4.
11. What encouraging message has Christ left us?
"Be of good cheer; I have overcome the world." John 16:33.
NOTES.- A dispirited man, like a discouraged horse, is powerless to
perform his task.
"What men need most in this world's struggle and strife is not usually
direct help, but cheer. . . . Many men have fainted and succumbed
in the great struggles whom one word of cheer would have made strong. to
overcome. We should never, then, lose an opportunity to say an inspiring
word. We know not how much it is needed, nor how great and far-reaching
its consequences may be."—" Week-Day Religion," by J. R. Miller, D. D.,
page 170.

UNITY OF BELIEVERS
1. WHA.T relation do the Father and the Son sustain to each
other?
"1 and My Father are one." John 10: 30.
2. In what does this oneness consist?
"I seek not Mine own will, but the will of the Father which
hath sent Me." John 5: 30.
 UNITY OF BELIEVERS 439
NoTE.— Their oneness, therefore, consists in their having the same
mind, will, and purpose.
3. What did Christ pray the Father in behalf of His dis-
ciples?
"That they may be one, even as We are one." John 17: 22.
See also verses 11 and 23.
4. Why did Christ desire this oneness, or unity, to exist
among His followers?
"That they all may be one; as Thou, Father, art in Me, and
I in Thee, that they also may be one in Us: that the world may
believe that Thou hast sent Me." Verse 21.
5. By what did Christ say all men should know His dis-
ciples?
"By this shall all men know that ye are My disciples, if ye
have love one to another." John 13: 35.
NoTe. — "God has united believers in church capacity in order that
one may strengthen another in good and righteous endeavor. The church
on earth would indeed be a symbol of the church in heaven if its members
were of one mind and of one faith. It is those who are not moved by the
Holy Spirit that mar God's plan, and cause division, and strengthen the
forces of darkness. Those who are sanctified by the blood of Christ will
not counterwork God's work, nor perpetuate division in the church. When
there is disunion among believers, the world concludes that they cannot be
the people of God because they are working against one another. When
believers are one with Christ, they will be united among themselves."
6. How did Paul show his concern in this matter?
"Now I beseech you, brethren, by the name of our Lord
Jesus Christ, that ye all speak the same thing, and that there be no
divisions among you; but that ye be perfectly joined together in the
same mind and in the same judgment." 1 Cor. 1: 10.
7. What was a prominent cause of division in the early
church?
"For I know this, that after my departing shall grievous
wolves enter in among you, not sparing the flock. Also of your
own selves shall men arise, speaking perverse things, to draw away
disciples after them." Acts 20:29, 30.
8. What was already at work in the church in Paul's day?
"For the mystery of iniquity. doth already work: only he who
now letteth [hindereth] will let, until he be taken out of the way."
2 Thess. 2: 7.
9. Before Christ should come, what did Paul say was to
take place?
440 BIBLE READINGS
"Let no man deceive you by any means: for that day shall
not come, except there come a falling away first, and that man of
sin be revealed, the son of perdition; who opposeth and exalteth
himself above all that is called God, or that is worshiped; so
that he as God sitteth in the temple of God, showing himself
that he is God." Verses 3, 4.
Now.— The huge system of error now fostered in the papal church
is the result of the falling away here referred to. Says Wylie in his "His-
tory of Protestantism," Vol. III, page 25: "Rome manifestly was the
schismatic; she it was that abandoned what was once the common faith
of Christendom, leaving by that step to all who remained on the old ground
the indisputably valid title of the true church."
10. Together, what do believers in Christ form?
"Now ye are the body of Christ, and members in particular."
1 Cor. 12:27.
11. Being members of Christ's' body, of what else do we
become members?
"So we, being many, are one body in Christ, and every one
members one of another." Rom. 12: 5.
12. As members of one another, what is the duty of each?
"That there should be no schism in the body; but that the
members should have the same care one for another." 1 Cor.
12:25.
13. What should they endeavor to keep?
"I therefore, the prisoner of the Lord, beseech you that ye
walk worthy of the vocation wherewith ye are called, with all
lowliness and meekness, with long-suffering, forbearing one
another in love; endeavoring to keep the unity of the Spirit in the
bond of peace." Eph. 4: 1-3.
14. What unity of faith is finally to exist among God's
watchmen?
"Thy watchmen shall lift up the voice; with the voice to-
gether shall they sing: for they shall see eye to eye, when the Lord
shall bring again Zion." Isa. 52: 8.
15. What solemn message, just before the Lord's coming,
will unite God's people in bonds of faith and love?
"Fear God, and give glory to Him; for the hour of His judg-
ment is come: and worship Him that made heaven, and earth,
and the sea,, and the fountains of waters. . . . Babylon is
fallen, is fallen, that great city, because she made all nations
drink of the wine of the wrath of her fornication. . . . If
 UNITY OF BELIEVERS . 441
any man worship the beast and his image, and receive his mark
in his forehead, or in his hand, the same hall drink of the wine
of the wrath of God." Rev. 14: 7-10. See Rev. 18: 1-5.
16. How are those who receive this message described?
"Here is the patience of the saints: here are they that keep
the commandments of God, and the faith of Jesus." Verse 12.
17. When the Lord comes, what will be the united cry of
God's people?
"And it shall be said in that day, Lo, this is our God; we have
waited for Him, and He will save us: this is the Lord; we have
waited for Him, we will be glad and rejoice in His salvation."
Isa. 25:9.
MEEKNESS AND HUMILITY
1. WHAT promise is made to the meek?
"Blessed are the meek: for they shall inherit the earth."
Matt. 5: 5.
Meek: "Mild of temper; not easily provoked or irritated; forbear-
ing; submissive; humble."— Webster.
2. What did Christ say of His own character?
"Take My yoke upon you, and learn of Me; for I am meek
and lowly of heart: and ye shall find rest unto your souls." Matt.
11:29.
3. What is said of the character of Moses?
"Now the man Moses was very meek, above all the men which
were upon the face of the earth." Num. 12: 3.
4. Whom has God promised to guide in judgment?
"The meek will He guide in judgment: and the meek will He
teach His way." Ps. 25:9.
5. Of what is meekness a fruit?
"But the fruit of the Spirit is love, joy, peace, long-suffering,
gentleness, goodness, faith, meekness, temperance: against such
there is no law." Gal. 5: 22, 23.
6. What does Christ say of those who exalt themselves?
"For whosoever exalteth himself shall be abased; and he that
humbleth himself shall be exalted." Luke 14: 11.
NOTE.- The spirit of self-exaltation is of Satan. See Isa. 14: 12-14;
Eze. 28: 17. Christ humbled Himself, made Himself of no reputation,
and became obedient even to the death on the cross. See Phil. 2: 5-8.
442 BIBLE READINGS

7. By what means did Jesus illustrate true humility?

"And Jesus called a little child unto Him, and set him in the
midst of them, and said, . . . Whosoever therefore shall
humble himself as this little child, the same is greatest in the king-
dom of heaven." Matt. 18: 2-4.
No Humility is "freedom from pride and arrogance; lowliness
of mind; a modest estimate of one's own worth." It implies a sense of
one's own unworthiness through imperfection and sinfulness, and consists
in rating our claims low, in being willing to waive our rights, and to take
a lower place than might be our due. It does not require that we under-
rate ourselves or our life-work. The humility of Christ was perfect, yet
He had a true sense of the importance of His life and mission.
"Humility is like a tree, whose root, when it sets deepest in the earth,
rises higher, and spreads fairer, and stands surer, and lasts longer, and every
step of its descent is like a rib of iron."— Bishop Taylor.
8. How will humility lead us to esteem others?
"Let nothing be done through strife or vainglory; but in
lowliness of mind let each esteem other better than themselves."
Phil. 2: 3.
9. With whom does God dwell?
"I dwell in the high and holy place, with him also that is of
a contrite and humble spirit, to revive the spirit of the humble,
and to revive the heart of the contrite ones." Isa. 57: 15.
10. When asked a reason for our hope, in what spirit should
we answer?
"But sanctify the Lord God in your hearts: and be ready
always to give an answer to every man that asketh you a reason
of the hope that is in you with meekrtess and fear." 1 Peter
3: 15.
11. Who should labor for one overtaken in a fault, and in
what spirit?
"Brethren, if a man be overtaken in a fault, ye which are
spiritual, restore such an one in the spirit of meekness; consider-
ing thyself, lest thou also be tempted." Gal. 6: 1.
12. With what should Christian women adorn themselves?
"Whose adorning let it not be that outward adorning of plait-
ing the hair, and of wearing of gold, or of putting on of apparel;
but' let it be the hidden man of the heart, in that which is not
corruptible, even the ornament of a meek and quiet spirit, which
is in the sight of God of great price." 1 Peter 3: 3, 4.
NOTE.- The instruction given here, tin principle applies with equal
force to men professing godliness. It is the needless display of apparel
and outward adornment that is here condemned. God desires the orna-
 MEEKNESS AND HUMILITY 443
ments within, displayed in the heart and life, rather than those without,
simply to be seen of men. Needless outward adornment, therefore, may
generally be taken as an indication that the inward adornment, so precious
in the sight of God, is lacking. Neatness in dress is not here discouraged.
13. Why are we exhorted to humble ourselves?
"Humble yourselves therefore under the mighty hand of
God, that He may exalt you in due time." 1 Peter 5: 6.
Nom.— "The higher a man is in grace, the lower he will be in his own
esteem."— Spurgeon.
14. With what has the Lord promised to beautify the meek?
"For the Lord taketh pleasure in His people: He will beautify
the meek with salvation." Ps. 149:4.
15. What are the meek exhorted to seek?
"Seek ye the Lord, all -ye meek of the earth, which have
wrought His judgment; seek righteousness, seek meekness: it may
be ye shall be hid in the day of the Lord's anger." Zeph. 2: 3.
NOTE.- The fact that the meek are exhorted to seek meekness, is
evidence that the meek themselves should cherish and cultivate meekness,
and that sanctification, or the development of a perfect character, is a
progressive work.
16. What inheritance is promised the meek?
"For yet a little while, and the wicked shall not be: yea,
thou shalt diligehtly consider his place, and it shall not be.
But the meek shall inherit the earth; and shall delight themselves
in the abundance of peace." Ps. 37: 10, 11.

SOBRIETY
1. To what extent did Solomon test the pleasures of this
world?
"Whatsoever mine eyes desired I kept not from them, I with-
held not my heart from any joy." "I said in mine heart, Go
to now, I will prove thee with mirth, therefore enjoy pleasure."
Eccl. 2: 10, 1.
2. How much true enjoyment did such a course afford?
"Behold, all was vanity and vexation of spirit." Verse 11.
3. Of what does Solomon bid the young, in the buoyancy of
youth, to be mindful?
"Rejoice, 0 young man, in thy youth; and let thy heart
cheer thee in the days of thy youth, and walk in the ways of
444 BIBLE READINGS
thine heart, and in the sight of thine eyes; but know thou, that for
all these things God will bring thee into judgment." Eccl. 11: 9.
4. How does the grace of God teach us that we should live?
"For the grace of God that bringeth salvation hath appeared
to all men, teaching us that, denying ungodliness and worldly
lusts, we should live soberly, righteously, and godly, in this present
world." Titus 2: 11, 12.
5. What classes of individuals are admonished to be sober?
"That the aged men be sober, grave temperate, sound in
faith, in charity, in patience. The aged women likewise, that
they be in behavior as becometh holiness, . . . that they
may teach the young women to be sober. . . . Young men
likewise exhort to be sober-minded." Verses 2-6.
NOTE.-These four classes include all.- All should be sober.
6. What similar advice is given in the epistle to the Romans?
"Let us walk honestly, as in the day; not in rioting and
drunkenness, not in chambering and wantonness, not in strife
and envying." Rom. 13: 13.
7. What testimony does the apostle Peter bear on this point?
"Wherefore gird up the loins of your mind, be sober, and hope
to the end for the grace that is to be brought unto you at the
revelation of Jesus Christ." 1 Peter 1: 13.
8. Why are foolish talking and jesting to be avoided?
"Neither filthiness, nor foolish talking, nor jesting, which
are not convenient." Eph. 5: 4.
Nom.— To indulge in such things is not becoming a Christian. Life,
with all its responsibilities and great issues at stake, is too serious a matter
to be spent in such vanities.
9. What is the thought of foolishness declared to be?
"The thought of foolishness is sin." Prov. 24: 9.
Nom.— Levity, foolishness, light and loose talking, throw us off our
guard, and open the way to temptation and sin.
10. Why are sobriety and vigilance especially necessary?
"Be sober, be vigilant; because your adversary the devil, as
a roaring lion, walketh about, seeking whom he may devour."
1 Peter 5: 8.
11. What other consideration should lead us to sobriety and
watchfulness?
"But the end of all things is at hand: be ye therefore sober,
and watch unto prayer." 1 Peter 4: 7.
 WISDOM
1. WHY are we told to get wisdom?
"Wisdom is the principal thing; therefore get wisdom."
Prov. 4: 7.
NOTE.- Wisdom implies the ability to judge soundly and deal saga-
ciously. It is knowledge, with the capacity to make due use of it. One
may have abundance of knowledge, and at the same time possess little
wisdom,.
2. Of how much value is wisdom?
"She is more precious than rubies: and all the things thou
canst desire are not to be compared unto her." Prov. 3: 15.
3. What blessings follow the acquisition of wisdom?
"Exalt her, and she shall promote thee: she shall bring thee
to honor, when thou dost embrace her. She shall give to thine
head an ornament of grace: a crown of glory shall she deliver to
thee." Prov. 4: 8, 9.
4. Who gives wisdom?
"For the Lord giveth wisdom." Prov. 2: 6.
5. How may it be obtained?
"If any of you lack wisdom, let him ask of God that giveth
to all men liberally, and upbraideth not; and it shall be given
him." James 1: 5.
6. When Solomon became. king, what did he ask the Lord
to give him?
"Give me now wisdom and knowledge." 2 Chron. 1: 10.
7. How did the Lord regard this request?
"And the speech pleased the Lord, that Solomon had asked
this thing." 1 Kings 3: 10.
8. How was Solomon's prayer answered?
"And God said unto him, Because thou hast asked this
thing, and hast not asked for thyself long life; neither hast
asked riches for thyself, nor hast asked the life of thine enemies;
. . . behold, I have done according to thy words: lo, I have
given thee a wise and an understanding heart. . . . And I
have also given thee that which thou host not asked, both riches, and
honor." Verses 11-13.
9. Are great men always wise?
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446 BIBLE READINGS
"Great men are not always wise: neither do the aged under-
stand judgment." Job 32: 9.
10. What is the beginning of wisdom?
"The fear of the Lord is the beginning of wisdom: a good
understanding have all they that do His commandments." Ps.
111: 10.
11. By what means was the psalmist made wiser than his
enemies?
"Thou through Thy commandments hast made me wiser than
mine enemies: for they are ever with me." Ps. 119: 98.
12. Why did his understanding excel that of his teachers?
"I have more understanding than all my teachers: for Thy
testimonies are my meditation." Verse 99.
13. What effect does wisdom have upon the countenance?
"A man's wisdom maketh his face to shine." Eccl. 8: 1.
14. In what did Christ say the children of this world excel
the children of light?
"For the children of this world are in their generation wiser
than the children of light." Luke 16: 8.
NOTE.- That is, they show more prudence, more cunning, and more
intelligence about their business than do Christians concerning the things
of God's kingdom. "They show more skill, study more plans, contrive
more ways, to provide for themselves than the children of light do to pro-
mote the interests of religion."— Dr. Albert Barnes.
15. In what did the apostle say he would have us wise, and
in what simple?
"I would have you wise unto that which is good, and simple
concerning evil." Rom. 16: 19.
16. How many kinds of wisdom are there?
"Howbeit we speak wisdom among them that are perfect:
yet not the wisdom of this world. . . . But we speak the
wisdom of God in a mystery, even the hidden wisdom, which God
ordained before the world unto our glory." 1 Cor. 2: 6, 7.
17. How is worldly wisdom regarded by God?
"For the wisdom of this world is foolishness with God."
1 Cor. 3: 19.
18.What is the character of that wisdom which comes
from God?
 WISDOM 447
"But the wisdom that is from above is first pure, then peace-
able, gentle, and easy to be entreated, full of mercy and good fruits,
without partiality, and without hypocrisy." James 3: 17.
19. What wisdom are the Scriptures able to give?
"And that from a child thou hast known the Holy Scrip-
tures, which are able to make thee wise unto salvation through
faith which is in Christ Jesus." 2 Tim. 3: 15.

DILIGENCE
1. WHAT general command has God given concerning labor?
"Six days shalt thou labor, and do all thy work." Ex. 20:9.
2. Instead of living upon the earnings of others, what in-
struction is given?
"Let him that stole steal no more: but rather let him labor,
working with his hands the thing which is good, that he may have
to give to him that needeth." Eph. 4: 28.
3. What general rule does Paul lay down upon this subject?
"For even when we were with you, this we commanded you,
that if any would not work, neither should he eat." 2 Thess. 3: 10.
4. In what language does he condemn idleness?
" For we hear that there are some which walk among you dis-
orderly, working not at all, but are busybodies. Now them that
are such we command and exhort by our Lord Jesus Christ, that
with quietness they work, and eat their own bread." Verses 11, 12.
5. What example did the apostle himself set in this matter?
"Neither did we eat any man's bread for naught; but wrought
with labor and travail night and day, that we might not be charge-
able to any of you." Verse 8.
6. What labor was appointed man in consequence of the fall?
"In the sweat of thy face shalt thou eat bread, till thou return
unto the ground." Gen. 3: 19.
Nom.— A life of laborious and pfspetual toil, in a world cursed with
weeds, thorns,. and thistles, was appointed to man in consequence of the
entrance of sm. This was a part of the curse. And yet even this was
appointed in love, and, under existing circumstances, is a blessing in dis-
guise. It was a discipline rendered necessary because of sin, to place a
check upon the indulgence of appetite and passion, to develop habits of
industry and self-control, and to teach lessons on overcoming evil. Were
not man called to labor thus, his sins and miseries would be multiplied
manyfold.
448 BIBLE READINGS
7. What are some of the results of industry?
"He that tilleth his land shall have plenty of bread." Prov.
28: 19. "The hand of the diligent maketh rich." Prov. 10:4.
"The soul of the diligent shall be made fat." Prov. -13 : 4.
8. What results from slackness and indolence in business?
"He becometh poor that dealeth with a slack hand." Prov.
10: 4. "The soul of the sluggard desireth, and hath nothing."
Prov. 13 : 4.
9. What does Solomon say concerning diligence in business?
"Whatsoever thy hand findeth to do, do it with thy might."
Eccl. 9: 10. "Be thou diligent to know the state of thy flocks,
and look well to thy herds." Prov. 27: 23. "He that gathereth
in summer is a wise son: but he that sleepeth in harvest is a son
that causeth shame." Prov. 10: 5.
NOTE.- "The way to wealth, if you desire it, is as plain as the way
to market. It depends chiefly on two words — industry and frugality;
that is, waste neither time nor money, but make the best of both. With-
out industry and frugality nothing will do, and with them everything."
— Benjamin Franklin.
10. What does Solomon say of the industrious woman?
"She looketh well to the Sways of her household, and eateth not
the bread of idleness. Her children arise up, and call her blessed;
her husband also, and he praiseth her." Prov. 31: 27, 28.
11. What has Paul said of the professed Christian who does
not provide for his own family?
"But if any provide not for his own, and specially for those
of his own house, he hath denied the faith, and is worse than an
infidel." 1 Tim. 5: 8.
12. What picture has Solomon given of the slothful man?
"I went by the field of the slothful, and by the vineyard of
the man void of understanding; and, lo, it was all grown over
with thorns, and nettles had covered the face thereof, and the
stone wall thereof was broken down." Prov. 24: 30, 31.
NOTES.— "An indolent man draweth his breath, but does not live."
— Cicero.
"The parent who does not teach his child a trade, teaches him to be a
thief."— Brahmanic Proverb.
"When tillage begins other arts follow. The farmers therefore are
the founders of human civilization."— Daniel Webster.
"If a man be indolent, the best discipline to which he can be subjected
is to suffer the evils of penury."— Wayland.
"Nothing can be done with a man who will not work. We have in
our scheme of government no room for the man who does not wish to pay
 DILIGENCE 449
his way through life by what he does. . . . Capacity for work is
absolutely necessary, and no man can be said to live in the true sensi of the
word if he does not work."— Theodore Roosevelt.
"Luck is waiting for something to turn up. Labor, with keen eyes
and strong will, will turn up something. Luck whines. Labor whistles.
Luck relies on chances. Labor, on character. Luck slips down to in-
digence. Labor strides upward to independence. Luck lies in bed, and
wishes the postman would bring him news of a legacy. Labor turns out
at six o'clock, and with busy pen or ringing hammer lays the foundation
of a competence."— Cobden.
13. In spiritual matters, what is also necessary?
"And beside this, giving all diligence, add to your faith vir-
tue; and to virtue knowledge. . . . Give diligence to make
your calling and election sure." 2 Peter 1:5-10.
NomE.— In temporal matters the difference between a prosperous
man and a sluggard lies principally in the improvement of opportunities.
One grasps these, while the other is too indolent to do so. In the gaining
of eternal life this same principle applies. God has placed salvation
within the reach of all. None need be lost. Christ died for all, but all
will not be saved, for some do not care enough for eternal life diligently
to lay hold of it.

PERFECTION OF CHARACTER
1. WHY are we exhorted to patience?
"But let patience have her perfect work, that ye may be
perfect and entire, wanting [lacking] nothing." James 1: 4.
2. How perfect does Christ tell us to be?
"Be ye therefore perfect, even as your Father which is in
heaven is perfect." Matt. 5:48.
3. In whom are we complete?
"And ye are complete in Him." Col. 2: 10.
4. After accepting Christ, what are we to do?
"Therefore leaving the principles of the doctrine of Christ,
let us go on unto perfection." Heb. 6: 1.
5. In what is the Christian to grow?
"But grow in grace, and in the knowledge of our Lord and
Saviour Jesus Christ." 2 Peter 3: 18.
6. How may, one grow in grace?
"Giving all diligence, add to your faith virtue; . . . knowl-
edge; . . . temperance; . . . patience;. . . godliness; . . .
brotherly kindness; . . . charity." 2 Peter 1:5-8.
29
450 BIBLE READINGS
7„ Why does Christ desire this growth in His followers?
"That He might present it to Himself a glorious church,
not having spot, or wrinkle, or any such thing; but that it should
be holy and without blemish." Eph. 5:27.
8. What will cause the Christian to grow?
"As new-born babes, desire the sincere milk of the word,
that ye may grow thereby." 1 Peter 2: 2.
9. In order to grow by the word of God, what must one do?
"Thy words were found, and I did eat them." Jer. 15: 16•
"Thy word have I hid in mine heart." Ps. 119 :11. See Col. 3 :16.
10. What does God's word then become to the believer?
"Thy word was unto me the joy and rejoicing of mine heart."
Jer. 15: 16, last part.
11. Why are the Scriptures given?
"All scripture is given by inspiration of God, and is profit-
able for doctrine, for reproof, for correction, for instruction in
righteousness: that the man of God may be perfect, throughly fur-
nished unto all good works." 2 Tim. 3: 16, 17.
12. How may the lack of wisdom be supplied?
"If any of you lack wisdom, let him ask of God, that giveth
to all men liberally, and upbraideth not: and it shall be given
him." James 1: 5.
13. In how many things may we ask help from God?
"Be careful for nothing; but in everything by prayer and
supplication with thanksgiving let your requests be made known
unto God." Phil. 4: 6.
14. What is an evidence of perfection?
"If any man offend not in word, the same is a perfect man,
and able also to bridle the whole body." James 3: 2.
15. What is the bond of perfection?
"And above all these things put on charity, which is the bond
of perfectness." Col. 3: 14. See Phil. 3: 13, 14; Heb. 12: 14.
16. How perfect would God have us become?
"And the very God of peace sanctify you wholly; and I pray
God your whole spirit and soul and body be preserved blameless
unto the coming of our Lord Jesus Christ." 1 Thess. 5: 23.
 SOWING AND REAPING
1. WHAT does Paul say regarding sowing 'and reaping?
"Be not deceived; God is not mocked: for whatsoever a man
soweth, that shall he also reap." Gal. 6: 7.
2. How is the same truth expressed by Christ?
"Judge not, and ye shall not be judged: condemn not, and
ye shall not be condemned: forgive, and ye shall be forgiven:
give, and it shall be given unto you; good measure, pressed down,
and shaken together, and running over, shall men give into your
bosom. For with, the same measure that ye mete withal it shall be
measured to you again." Luke 6: 37, 38.
NOTES.- A man's deeds, good or evil, usually return to bless or curse
him. A farmer who sold butter to a village storekeeper and took sugar in
exchange, complained that he was getting short weight. "Look here,"
said he to the merchant, "it seems to me you're giving me short weiht
sugar." "No," replied the storekeeper, "that cannot be, for in measuring
out that sugar of yours I always use a pound of your butter as a weight."
"Good and evil come back. . . . God made the universe on the
plan of the c' rcle. Isa. 40: 22. . . . We ourselves start the circle of
good or bad actions, and it will surely come around again to us unless by
divine intervention it be hindered. Those bad or good actions may make
the circuit of many years; but come back to us they will as certainly as that
God sits on the circle of the earth. . . . What a stupendous thought
that the good and the evil we start come back to us! Do you know that
the judgment-day will be only the point at which the circle joins, the good
and the bad we have done coming back to us, unless divine intervention
hindens,— coming back to us, welcome of delight or curse of condemna-
tion?"— T. DeWitt Talmage.
3. On what condition does Christ say God will forgive us?
"For if ye forgive men their trespasses, your Heavenly Father
will also forgive you: but if ye forgive not men their trespasses,
neither will your Father forgive your trespasses." Matt. 6:
14, 15. See also Matt. 18: 23-35.
4. According to what principle does God deal with men?
"With the merciful Thou wilt show Thyself merciful; with
an upright man Thou wilt show Thyself upright; with the pure
Thou wilt show Thyself pure; and with the froward Thou wilt
show Thyself froward." Ps. 18:25, 26.
5. How is the same truth again taught touching the wicked?
"As he loved cursing, so let it come unto him: as he delighted
not in blessing, so let it be far from him." Ps. 109: 17.
6. According to what was judgment called upon Babylon?
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452 BIBLE READINGS
"Recompense her according to her works; according to all
that she hath done, do unto her." Jer. 50:29.
7. Why did Christ tell Peter to put up his sword?
"Put up again thy sword into his place: for all they that take
the sword shall perish with the sword." Matt. 26: 52.
8. Why was the Papacy to go into captivity?
"He that leatleth into captivity shall go into captivity: he that
killeth with the sword must be killed with the sword." Rev.
13: 10. See Lev. 25: 10; Jer. 34: 17.
9. What is to be the punishment of spiritual Babylon?
"Reward her even as she rewarded you, and double unto her
double according to her works." Rev. 18: 6.
10. What does the psalmist say will come to the persecutor?
"His mischief shall return upon. his own head, and his violent
dealing shall come down upon his own pate." Ps. 7: 16.
NOTE.- In his letter addressed to the Jews, dated Nov. 16, 1905,
President Roosevelt said: "I feel very strongly that if any people are
oppressed anywhere,. the wrong inevitably reacts in the end on those who
oppress them; for it is an immutable law in the spiritual world that no one
can wrong others and yet in the end himself escape unhurt."
11.What befell Haman, who sought to slay all the Jews?
"So they hanged Haman on the gallows that he had pre-
pared for Mordecai." Esther 7: 10. See Ps. 9:15.
12. If one would have friends, what must he do?
"A man that hath friends must show himself friendly."
Prov. 18:24.
 PART XIII
Prayer and Public Worship
IMPORTANCE OF PRAYER
1. BY what title does the psalmist address God?
"0 Thou that hearest prayer, unto Thee shall all flesh come."
Ps. 65:2.
2. Of whom does the Bible teach that God is a rewarder?
"A rewarder of them that diligently seek Him." Heb. 11: 6.
3. How willing is God to hear and answer prayer?
"If ye then, being evil, know how to give good gifts unto
your children, how much more shall your Father which is in
heaven give good things to them that ask Him?" Matt. 7: 11.
4. What above all else shows God's willingness to do this?
"He that spared not His own Son, but delivered Him up for
us all, how shall He not with Him also freely give us all things?"
Rom. 8:32.
5. Upon what conditions are we promised needed blessings?
"Ask, and it shall be given you; seek, and ye shall find;
knock, and it shall be opened unto your for every one that
asketh receiveth; and he that seeketh findeth; and to him that
knocketh it shall be opened." Matt. 7: 7, 8.
NOTES.- "Prayer is not the overcoming of God's reluctance; it is the
taking hold of God's willingness." "Prayer is the opening of the heart to
God as to a friend." Prayer does not change God; but it does change us
and our relation to God. It places us in the channel of blessings, and in
that frame of mind in which God can consistently and safely grant our
requests.
"How shall we pray so as to be heard and to receive help? For one
thing, there must be a real desire in our hearts. Forms of words do not
make prayer: we must iwant something, and must realize our dependence
upon God for it."—J. R. Miller, D. D.
6. From whom do all good and perfect gifts come?
"Every good gift and every perfect gift is from above, and
cometh down from the Father of lights, with whom is no vari-
ableness, neither shadow of turning." James 1: 17
7. If one lacks wisdom, what is he told to do?
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454 BIBLE READINGS
"If any of you lack wisdom, let him ask of God, that giveth
to all men liberally, and upbraideth not; and it shall be given
him." Verse 5.
8. How must one ask in order to receive?
"But let him ask in faith, nothing wavering. For he that
wavereth is like a wave of the sea driven with the wind and
tossed. For let not that man think that he shall receive any-
thing of the Lord." Verses 6, 7. See Mark 11: 24.
Nara.— "Prayer is the key in the hand of faith to unlock heaven's
storehouse, where are treasured the boundless resources of Omnipotence."
9. Under what condition does the Lord not hear prayer?
"If I regard iniquity in my heart, the Lord will not hear me."
Ps. 66: 18. See Isa. 59: 1, 2; James 4: 3.
10. Whose prayers does Solomon say are an abomination?
"He that turneth away his ear from hearing the law, even his
prayer shall be abomination." Prov. 28: 9.
NOTE.— Contention and discord quench the spirit of prayer. 1 Peter
3: 1-7. Many grieve the Spirit and drive Christ from their homes by
giving way to impatience and passion. Angels of God flee from homes
where there are unkind words, contention, and strife.
11.What did Christ say concerning secret prayer?
But thou, when thou prayest, enter into thy closet, and when
thou hast shut thy door, pray to thy Father which is in secret;
and thy Father which seeth in secret shall reward thee openly."
Matt. 6: 6.
12. To what place did Jesus retire for secret devotion?
"And when He had sent the multitudes away, He went up
into a mountain apart to pray: and when the evening was come,
He was there alone." Matt. 14:23.
13. For whom did Christ teach us to pray?
"But I say unto you, Love your enemies, bless them that
curse you, do good to them that hate you, and pray for them
which despitefully use you, and persecute you." Matt. 5:44.
NOTE.— We cannot hate those for whom we pray.
14. When praying, what must we do in order to be forgiven?
"And when ye stand praying, forgive, if ye have aught against
any: that your Father also which is in heaven may forgive you
your trespasses." Mark 11: 25.
15.With what should our prayers be mingled?
 IMPORTANCE OF PRAYER 455
"Be careful for nothing; but in everything by prayer and
supplication with thanksgiving let your requests be made known
unto God." Phil. 4: 6.
16. How often should we pray?
"Praying always with all prayer and supplication in the
Spirit." Eph. 6: 18. "Pray without ceasing." 1 Thess. 5:
17. "Every day will I bless Thee; and I will praise Thy name for-
ever and ever.' Ps. 145:2.
17. How often did David say he would pray?
"Evening, and morning, and at noon, will I pray, and cry
aloud: and He shall hear my voice." Ps. 55: 17. See Dan.
6 : 10.
18. What is said of Cornelius and his family?
"A devout man, and one that feared God with all his house,
which gave much alms to the people, and prayed to God alway."
Acts 10:2.
19. In whose name did Christ teach us to pray?
"And whatsoever ye shall ask in My name, that will I do."
John 14: 13.
20. Why did the unjust judge answer the widow's prayer?
"Though I fear not God, nor regard man; yet because this
widow troubleth me, I will avenge her, lest by her continual coming
she weary me." Luke 18:4, 5.
Nom.— The lesson of the parable is that "men ought always to pray,
and not to faint." Verse 1. If this woman, by her persistence in asking,
obtained her request from such a man, surely God, who is just, will answer
the earnest, persistent prayers of His people, though the answer may be
long delayed.

MEDITATION AND PRAYER

1. WHAT was one of Paul's injunctions to Timothy?
"Meditate upon these things; give thyself wholly to them."
1 Tim. 4: 15.
Nom.— Meditation is to the soul what digestion is to the body. It
assimilates, appropriates, and makes personal and practical that which has
been seen, heard, or read.
2. When did David say he would praise God with joyful lips?
"When I remember Thee upon my bed, and meditate on Thee
in the night-watches." Ps. 63: 6.
456 BIBLE READINGS
3. How will such meditation be to one who loves God?
"My meditation of Him shall be sweet." Ps. 104: 34.
4. In what does the psalmist say the man who is blessed
delights and meditates?
"His, delight is in the law of the Lord; and in His law doth he
meditate day and night." Ps. 1:2
5. With what adversary do we constantly have to contend?
"Be sober, be vigilant; because your adversary the devil, as a
roaring lion, walketh about, seeking whom he may devour."
1 Peter 5: 8.
6. When is a man tempted?
"But every man is tempted, when he is drawn away of his
own lust, and enticed." James 1: 14. •
7. That we may not be overcome, what are we told to do?
"Watch and pray, that ye enter not into temptation: the spirit
indeed is willing, but the flesh is weak." Matt. 26: 41.
8. How constantly should we pray?
"Pray without ceasing." 1 Thess. 5: 17. "Continuing in-
stant in prayer." Rom. 12: 12.
NOTE.- This does not mean that we should be constantly bowed
before God in prayer, but that we should not neglect prayer, and that we
should ever be in a prayerful frame of mind, even when walking by the way
or engaged in the duties of life,—ever ready to send up our petitions to
heaven for help in time of need.
9. That we might be prepared for His coming, what ad-
monition did Christ give?
"Take ye heed, watch and pray: for ye know not when the time
is. . . . And what I say unto you I say unto all, Watch."
Mark 13: 33-37. See also Luke 21: 36.
10. Why are watchfulness and prayer especially imperative
in the last days?
"Woe to the inhabiters of the earth and of the sea! for the
devil is come down unto you, having great wrath, because he
knoweth that he hath but a short time." Rev. 12: 12.
 WATCHING UNTO PRAYER
1. UNTO what are we exhorted to watch?
"But the end of all things is at hand: be ye therefore sober
and watch unto prayer." 1 Peter 4: 7.
2. What is one of the petitions of the Lord's prayer?
"Lead us not into temptation." Matt. 6: 13.
3. By what means can we escape temptation?
"Watch and pray, that ye enter not into temptation: the
spirit indeed is willing, but the flesh is weak." Matt. 26:41.
Num.— We should couple with our prayers a spirit of watchfulness,
thus cooperating with God in answering them. This is watching unto
prayer.
4. How is this duty again expressed?
"Continue in prayer, and watch in the same with thanks-
giviag." Col. 4: 2.
5. How faithful should we be in this matter?
"Praying always with all prayer and supplication in the
Spirit, and watching thereunto with all perseverance and supplica-
tion for all saints." Eph. 6: 18.
6. When did Israel prevail in battle?
"And it came to pass, when Moses held up his hand, that Israel
prevailed: and when he let down his hand, Amalek prevailed."
Ex. 17: 11.
7. When the householder ceased watching, what happened?
"But know this, that if the goodman of the house had known
in what watch the thief would come, he would have watched,
and would not have suffered his house to be broken up." Matt.
24:43.
8. What experience comes to those who wait upon the Lord?
"But they that wait upon the Lord shall renew their strength;
they shall mount up with wings as eagles; they shall run, and
not be weary; and they shall walk, and not faint." Isa. 40: 31.
9. For what did Habakkuk say he would watch?
"I will stand upon my watch, and set me upon the tower,
and will watch to see what He will say unto me." ' Hab. 2: 1.
NOTE.- Some are very anxious that God should hear them when they
pray, but are quite indifferent as to what He says in reply.
10. How may we escape the evils coming on the world?
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458 BIBLE READINGS

"Watch ye, therefore, and pray always, that ye may be ac-

counted worthy to escape all these things that shall some to
pass, and to stand before the Son of man." Luke 21: 36.
NOTE.- Vigilance, as well as prayer, is necessary if we would escape
the evils, delusions, and calamities of the last days.
11. What will be the result of not watching?
"But and if that servant shall say in his heart, My lord de-
layeth his coming; and shall begin to beat the men servants and
maidens, and to eat and drink, and to be drunken, the lord of
that servant will come in a day when he looketh not for him, and at
an hour when he is not aware, and will cut him in sunder, and will
appoint him his portion with the unbelievers." Luke 12:45, 46.
12. What will Christ's servants be doing when He comes?
"Let your loins be girded about, and your lights burning;
and ye yourselves like unto men that wait for their lord, when
he will return from the wedding; that when he cometh. and
knocketh, they may open unto him immediately. Blessed are
those servants, whom the lord when he cometh shall find watch-
ing." Verses 35-37.
13. How general is the command to watch?
"And what I say unto you I say unto all, WATCH." Mark
13: 37.

ANSWERS TO PRAYER
1. How does God anticipate the needs of His children?
"And it shall come to pass, that before they call, I will answer;
and while they are yet speaking, I will hear." Isa. 65: 24.
2. Is there any limit to God's ability to help?
"Now unto Him that is able to do exceeding abundantly above
all that we ask or think." Eph. 3: 20.
3. How fully has God promised to supply our needs?
"My God shall supply all your need according to His riches
in glory by Christ Jesus." Phil. 4: 19.
4. Do we always know what to pray for?
"Likewise the Spirit also helpeth our infirmities: for we
know not what we should pray for as we ought." Rom. 8: 26.
5. Does God always see fit to grant our petitions?
"For this thing I besought the Lord thrice, that it might
 ANSWERS TO PRAYER 459
depart from me. And He said unto me, My grace is sufficient
for thee: for My strength is made perfect in weakness." 2 Cor.
12:8, 9.
Nam.— Paul's affliction, it seems, was impaired sight. Acts 9: 8, 9,
18; 22: 11-13. The retaining of this imperfection would be a constant re-
minder to him of his conversion, and hence a blessing in disguise.
6. If an answer does not come at once, what should we do?
"Rest in the Lord, and wait patiently for Him." Ps. 37:7.
7. Why was the parable of the importunate widow given?
"And He spake a parable unto them to this end, that men
ought always to pray, and not to faint." Luke 18: 1.
NOTE.— The importunate widow got her request because of her persist-
ency. God wants us to seek Him, and to seek Him earnestly, when we
pray. He is a rewarder of them that diligently seek Him. Heb. 11: 6.
8. How did Elijah pray before obtaining his request?
"Elias was a man subject to like passions as we are, and
he prayed earnestly that it might not rain: and it rained not on the
earth by the space of three years and six months. And he
prayed again, and the heaven gave rain, and the earth brought
forth her fruit." James 5: 17, 18. See Rev. 11: 3-6.
9. Upon what condition does Christ say we shall receive?
"Therefore I say unto you, What things soever ye desire,
when ye pray, believe that ye receive them, and ye shall have them."
Mark 11:24.
10. Without this faith, will God answer prayer?
"But let him ask in faith, nothing wavering. For he that
wavereth is like a wave of the sea driven with the wind and
tossed. For let not that man think that he shall receive anything
of the Lord." James 1: 6, 7.
11. What petitions may we confidently expect God to hear?
"And this is the confidence that we have in Him, that, if
we ask anything according to His will, He heareth us: and if we
know that He hear us, whatsoever we ask, we know that we have
the petitions that we desired of Him." 1 John 5: 14, 15.
Nova.— God's will is expressed in His law, His promises, and His
Word. Ps. 40: 8; Rom. 2:17, 18; 1 Peter 1: 4.
12. When Daniel and his fellows were about to be slain be-
cause the wise men of Babylon could not reveal to Nebuchad-
nezzar his dream, how did God answer their united prayers?
460 BIBLE READINGS

"Then was the secret revealed unto Daniel in a night-vision.

Then Daniel blessed the God of heaven." Dan. 2: 19.
NOTE.— In 1839 the sultan of Turkey. decreed that not a representa-
tive of the Christian religion should remain in the empire. Learning of
this, Dr. William Goodell, an American missionary to Turkey, came home
to his friend and colleague, Dr. Cyrus Hamlin, the first president of Robert
College, Constantinople, with the sad news: "It is all over with us; we have
to leave. The American consul and the British ambassador say it is no
use to meet with antagonism this violent and vindictive monarch." To
this Dr. Hamlin replied: "The Sultan of the universe can, in answer to
prayer, change the decree of the sultan of Turkey." They gave themselves
to prayer. The next day the sultan died, and the decree was never ex-
ecuted. See Dan. 4: 17, 24, 25.
13. When Peter was imprisoned and about to be executed
by Herod, what did the church do?
"Peter therefore was kept in prison: but prayer was made
without ceasing of the church unto God for him." Acts 12: 5.
14. How were their prayers answered?
"Behold, the angel of the Lord came upon him, . . .
and he saith unto him, Cast thy garment about thee, and follow
me. . . . And they went out, and passed on through one street;
and forthwith the angel departed from him." Verses 7-10.
15. Because Solomon asked for wisdom rather than for long
life and riches, what besides wisdom did God give him?
"Because thou hast asked this thing, . . . behold, I
have done according to thy words: lo, I have given thee a wise
and an understanding heart. . . . And I have also given
thee that which thou hast not asked, both riches, and honor."
1 Kings 3: 11-13.
NOTE.— The following are some things we are taught in the Scrip-
tures to pray for : --
(1) For daily bread. Matt. 6: 11. (2) For the forgiveness of sin.
2 Chron. 7: 14; Ps. 32:5, 6; 1 John 1: 9; 5: 16. (3) For the Holy Spirit.
Luke 11: 13; Zech. 10: 1; John 14: 16. (4) For deliverance in the hour of
temptation and danger. Matt. 6: 13; John 17: 11, 15; Prov. 3: 26; Psalm
91; Matt. 24:20. (5) For wisdom and understanding. James 1:5; 1
Kings 3:9; Dan. 2: 17-19. (6) For peaceable and quiet lives. 1 Tim.
2: 1, 2. (7) For the healing of the sick. James 5: 14, 15; 2 Kings 20: 1-11.
(8) For the prosperity of the ministers of God and the gospel. Eph. 6:
18, 19; Col. 4: 3; 2 Thess. 3:1. (9) For those who suffer for the truth's
sake. Heb. 13: 3; Acts 12: 5. (10) For kings, rulers, and all in authority.
1 Tim. 2: 1, 2; Ezra 6: 10. (11) For temporal prosperity. 2 Cor. 9: 10;
James 5: 17, 18. (12) For our enemies. Matt. 5:44. (13) For all saints.
Eph. 6: 18. (14) For all men. 1 Tim. 2: 1. (15) For the Lord to vindi-
cate His cause. 1 Kings 18: 30-39. (16) For the coming of Christ and of
God's kingdom. Matt. 6: 10; Rev. 22:20.
 PUBLIC WORSHIP
1. How only can God be truly worshiped?
"God is a Spirit: and they that worship Him must worship
Him in spirit and in truth." John 4:24.
2. How are we instructed to worship the Lord?
"Give unto the Lord the glory due unto His name; worship
the Lord in the beauty of holiness." Ps. 29: 2.
3. What attitude is indicative of reverence in worship?
"0 come, let us worship and bow down: let us kneel before
the Lord our Maker." Ps. 95: 6.
4. Is singing a part of divine worship?
"Enter into His gates with thanksgiving, and into His
courts with praise." "Come before His presence with singing."
Ps. 100:4, 2.
5. Does the Bible approve of the use of musical instruments
in the worship of God?
"Praise Him with the sound of the trumpet: praise Him with
the psaltery and harp. Praise Him with the timbrel and dance
[margin, pipe]: praise Him with stringed instruments and organs.
Praise Him upon the loud cymbals: praise Him upon the high-
sounding cymbals." Ps. 150: 3-5. See also Ps. 92: 1-3.
6. What is promised to those who wait upon the Lord?
"They that wait upon the Lord shall renew their strength;
they shall mount up with wings as eagles; they shall run, and not
be weary; and they shall walk, and not faint." Isa. 40:31.
7. Is Christ's presence limited to large congregations?
"Where two or three are gathered together in My name, there
am I in the midst of them." Matt. 18: 20.
8. What were David's feelings concerning public worship?
"I was glad when they said unto me, Let us go into the house
of the Lord." "My soul longeth, yea, even fainteth for the
courts of the Lord: my heart and my flesh crieth out for the
living God." "For a day in Thy courts is better than a thousand.
I had rather be a doorkeeper in the house of my God, than to
dwell in the tents of wickedness." Ps. 122: 1; 84: 2, 10.
9. What admonition has Paul given concerning assembling
for public worship?
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"Not forsaking the assembling of ourselves together, as the
manner of some is; but exhorting one another: and so much the
more, as ye see the day approaching." Heb. 10: 25.
10. Does God take account of the meetings of His people?
"Then they that feared the Lord spake often one to another:
and the Lord harkened, and heard it, and a book of remembrance
was written before Him for them that feared the Lord, and that
thought upon His name. And they shall be Mine, saith the
Lord of hosts, in that day when I make up My jewels [margin,
special treasure]; and I will spare them, as a man spareth his
own son that serveth him." Mal. 3: 16, 17.
11. Is there a blessing in habitual church attendance?
"Blessed are they that dwell in Thy house: they will be still
[ever and constantly] praising Thee." " One thing have I
desired of the Lord, that I will seek after; that I may dwell in
the house of the Lord all the days of my life, to behold the beauty
of the Lord, and to inquire in His temple." Ps. 84:4; 27:4.
12.What caution is given regarding behavior in God's house?
"Keep thy foot when thou goest to the house of God, and be
more ready to hear, than to give the sacrifice of fools: for they
consider not that they do evil." Eccl. 5: 1. See 1 Tim. 3: 15.
13.What day has God specially designed for public worship?
"The seventh day is a Sabbath of rest, an holy convocation."
Lev. 23:3.
14. How has God commanded us to keep this day?
"Remember the Sabbath day, to keep it holy. . . . In
it thou shalt not do any work." Ex. 20: 8-10. See Isa. 58:
13, 14.
15. Are offerings an appropriate part of divine worship?
"Give unto the Lord the glory due unto His name: bring an
offering, and come into His courts." "Vow, and pay unto the
Lord your God: let all that be round about Him bring presents
unto Him that ought to be feared." Ps. 96: 8; 76: 11.
16. Will there be public worship in the new creation?
"As the new heavens and the new earth, which I will make,
shall remain before Me, saith the Lord, so shall your seed and
your name remain. And it shall come to pass, that from one new
moon to another, and from one Sabbath to another, shall all flesh
come to worship before Me, saith the Lord." Isa. 66: 22, 23.
 PUBLIC WORSHIP 463
RULES ON GOING TO CHURCH
1. Go early to church. Not only be punctual, but be in your place
before the hour announced for the service to begin.
2. Go in a reverent spirit. On the way remember whither you go.
Avoid lightness of manner and conversation on worldly topics.
3. Before you enter and as you enter the church breathe a silent
prayer of invocation for the influence of the Holy Spirit.
4. As you take your place, bow your head reverently in prayer for
yourself and for all others who enter the sanctuary.
5. Resolve that you will foster no thought, fix your eyes on no object,
utter no word, that will tend to divert your mind from the holy purpose
for which you have come into this place.
6. As the minister enters the pulpit, offer an earnest silent prayer in
his behalf.
7. In all the service take an active part, as hearer, as worshiper.
8. At the close of the service, after a moment of prayerful silence,
greet with cheerfulness and good will all whom you happen to meet, re-
membering that Christian fellowship is a part of Christian worship.
— Bishop "Vincent.
NOTE.— An excellent suggestion is contained in the notice posted at
the doorway of many churches: "Whosoever thou art that entereth this
church, remember it is the house of God. Be reverent, be silent, be
thoughtful. And leave it not without a prayer to God, for thyself, for
him who ministers, and for those who worship here."

REVERENCE FOR THE HOUSE OF GOD

1. WHY did God instruct His people to build a sanctuary?
"And let them make Me a sanctuary; that I may dwell among
them." Ex. 25: 8.
2. How did He tell them to regard this dwelling-place of
God?
"Ye shall keep My Sabbaths, and reverence My sanctuary:
I am the Lord." Lev. 19: 30.
3. What does the Lord say of things dedicated to His service?
"Every devoted thing is most holy unto the Lord." Lev.
27:28.
4. When God met Moses at the burning bush, why did He
tell him to take off his shoes?
"And He said, Draw not nigh hither: put off thy shoes from
off thy feet, for the place whereon thou standest is holy ground."
Ex. 3: 5. See also Joshua 5: 15.
Nova.— The presence of God made the place holy. Wherever God
meets with His people, that place is holy.
5. When the tabernacle was reared anciently, what occurred?
.464 BIBLE READINGS
"Then a cloud covered the tent of the congregation, and
the glory of the Lord filled the tabernacle." Ex. 40: 34. See 2
Chron. 5: 13, 14.
6. Why should all show respect for the house of worship?
"The Lord is in His holy temple: let all the earth keep silence
before Him." Hab. 2: 20.
NOTE.— A failure to recognize this fact leads many to treat the house
of worship without due respect. Nothing seems more appropriate to
divine worship than that a sense of awe and silence should pervade the
place of worship, and that only the sound of prayer, praise, and thanks-
giving to God should be heard within ito walls. Both upon entering and
just before leaving the house of God it is highly appropriate and a most
excellent practise, for each worshiper to bow the head for a few moments
in silent prayer.
7. How did Christ manifest His regard for the sanctity of
God's house?
"And they come to Jerusalem: and Jesus went into the
temple, and began to cast out them that sold and bought in the
temple, and overthrew the tables of the money-changers, and
the seats of them that sold doves; and would not suffer that any
man should carry any vessel through the temple. And He
taught, saying unto them, Is it not written, My house shall be
called of all nations the house of prayer? but ye have made it
a den of thieves." Mark 11:15-17.
Num.— This cleansing occurred at the close of Christ's public minis-
try. There was a similar cleansing also at the beginning of His ministry.
See John 2: 13-17.
8. What punishment did God bring upon Nadab and Abihu
for offering strange or common fire in the tabernacle service?
"And Nadab and Abihu, the sons of Aaron, took either of
them his censer, and put fire therein, and put incense thereon,
and offered strange fire before the Lord, which He commanded
them not. And there went out fire from the Lord, and devoured
them, and they died before the Lord." Lev. 10: 1, 2.
NOTE.— This, like the two cleansings of the temple by Christ at the
beginning and close of His ministry (John 2: 13-17; Matt. 21: 12-16),
shows that God is particular in regard to the worship and conduct of the
worshipers in His house. No performance or exercise should be permitted
in any church or building especially dedicated to God's service which is
not in keeping with its sacred character, or conducive to reverence for God
and for holy things. It should not be made a place for feasting, visiting,
or worldly entertainment and amusement.
9. For what purpose are we exhorted to have grace?
"Wherefore we receiving a kingdom which cannot be moved,
 REVERENCE FOR THE HOUSE OF GOD 465
let us have grace, whereby we may serve God acceptably with
reverence and godly fear: for our God is a consuming fire." Heb.
12:28, 29.
10. In what spirit did David say he would worship?
"But as for me, I will come into Thy house in the multitude
of Thy mercy: and in Thy fear will I worship toward Thy holy
temple." Ps. 5: 7.
11. What instruction has Solomon given respecting our con-
duct in the house of God?
"Keep thy foot when thou goest to the house of God, and
be more ready to hear, than to give the sacrifice of fools: for they
consider not that they do evil." Eccl. 5: 1.
12. How extensively has God said He would be honored?
"For from the rising of the sun even unto the going down
of the same My name shall be great among the Gentiles; and in
every place incense shall be offered unto My name, and a pure
offering: for My name shall be great among the heathen, saith
the Lord of hosts." Mal. 1: 11.
13. For how many did God design that His house should
be a house of prayer?
"Even them [the sons of the stranger] will I bring to My
holy mountain, and make them joyful in My house of prayer:
their burnt offerings and their sacrifices shall be accepted upon
Mine altar; for Mine house shall be called an house of prayer
for all people." Isa. 56: 7.
NOTE.— The fifty-sixth chapter of Isaiah contains a prophecy re-
lating to New Testament times. It is plain, therefore, that Christ enun-
ciated a general principle, applicable to all houses dedicated to God's serv-
ice, when, quoting this prophecy, He said that God's house should be a
house of prayer for all nations. See margin of Mark 11: 17.
14. Who is present in all assemblies met in Christ's name?
"For where two or three are gathered together in My name,
there am I in the midst of them." Matt. 18: 20.

CHRISTIAN COMMUNION
1. WHAT was connected with the worship of God before the
first advent?
" Then verily the first covenant had also ordinances of divine
service, and a worldly sanctuary." Heb. 9: 1.
NOTE.— Paul says that these ordinances consisted "in meats and
30
466 BIBLE READINGS
drinks, and divers washings," imposed "until the time of reformation,"
and that they were "a shadow of good things to come." Heb. 9: 10; 10: 1.
2. To whom did the sacrificial offerings point forward?
"And walk in love, as Christ also hath loved us, and hath
given Himself for us an offering and a sacrifice to God, for a sweet-
smelling savor." Eph. 5: 2.
Nom.— Through the provisions of the sacrificial law, the repentant
sinner showed his faith in the coming Redeemer, who was to shed His
blood for the sins of mankind. These sacrificial offerings were ordinances
which pointed forward to the work of Christ, which they typified. Since
the crucifixion, the ordinances of the Christian church point backward, and
are designed to show faith in the work of Christ already accomplished.
3. What does the Lord desire us to keep in mind?
"By which also ye are saved, if ye keep in memory what I
preached unto you, . . . how that Christ died for our sins
according to the Scriptures; and that He was buried, and that
He rose again the third day according to the Scriptures."
1 Cor. 15: 2-4.
4. What ordinance commemorates Christ's burial and res-
urrection?
"Buried with Him in baptism, wherein also ye are risen with
Him through the faith of the operation of God, who hath raised
Him from the dead." Col. 2: 12.
5. For what purpose was the Lord's Supper instituted?
"The Lord Jesus the same night in which He was betrayed
took bread: and when He had given thanks, He brake it, and said,
Take, eat: this is My body, which is broken for you: this do in
remembrance of Me." 1 Cor. 11:23, 24.
6. What is signified by the wine?
"In like manner also the cup, after supper, saying, This
cup is the new covenant in My blood: this do, as oft as ye drink
it, in remembrance of Me." Verse 25, R. V.
7. What do both the bread and the wine commemorate?
"For as often as ye eat this bread, and drink this cup, ye do
show the Lord's death till He come." Verse 26.
8. What caution is given concerning engaging in this
ordinance unworthily?
"Whosoever shall eat this bread, and drink this cup of the
Lord, unworthily, shall be guilty of the body and blood of the
Lord. . . . He that eateth and drinketh unworthily, eateth
 CHRISTIAN COMMUNION 467
and drinketh damnation to himself, not discerning the Lord's
body." Verses 27-29.
NOTE.- The last expression shows what is meant by eating and
drinking unworthily. It is not the one who has a deep sense of his sinful-
ness and of his unworthiness of God's mercy and grace, but he who does
not discern that Christ died for his sins — who is not penitent — that eats
and drinks unworthily.
9. What preparation should be made for this service?
"Let a man examine himself, and so let him eat of that bread,
and drink of that cup." Verse 28.
10. What is essential to Christian fellowship and cleansing
from sin?
"If we walk in the light, as He is in the light, we have fellow-
ship one with another, and the blood of Jesus Christ His Son
cleanseth us from all sin." 1 John 1: 7.
11. What still higher fellowship does the Christian enjoy?
"And truly our fellowship is with the Father, and with His
Son Jesus Christ." Verse 3.

PRAISE AND THANKSGIVING

1. WHEN did the psalmist say he would bless the Lord?
"I will bless the Lord at all times: His praise shall con-
tinually be in my mouth." "Every day will I bless Thee; and I
will praise Thy name forever and ever." Ps. 34: 1; 145: 2.
2. What do those do who offer praise?
"Whoso offereth praise glorifieth Me." Ps. 50: 23.
3. Where does David say he will praise God?
"My praise shall be of Thee in the great congregation: I will
pay my vows before them that fear Him." Ps. 22: 25.
4. What does he exhort all to do?
"0 magnify the Lord with me, and let us exalt His name
together." Ps. 34: 3.
5. What personal experience does he say he will declare in
the hearing of all who fear God?
"Come and hear, all ye that fear God, and I will declare
what He hath done for my soul." Ps. 66: 16.
6. What effect do such testimonies have upon the humble?
468 BIBLE READINGS

"My soul shall make her boast in the Lord: the humble shall
hear thereof, and be glad." Ps. 34: 2.
7. Into what condition did those lapse anciently who failed
to glorify God and to be thankful?
"Because that; when they knew God, they glorified Him
not as God, neither were thankful; but became vain in their
imaginations, and their foolish heart was darkened." Rom. 1: 21.
8. What element should enter into all our worship?
"Be careful for nothing; but in everything by prayer and
supplication with thanksgiving let your requests be made known
unto God." Phil. 4: 6. See Col. 4: 2.
9. In how many things should we give thanks?
"In everything give thanks: for this is the will of God in Christ
Jesus concerning you." 1 Thess. 5: 18.
10. How often, and for how much, should we render thanks?
"Giving thanks always for all things unto God and the Father
in the name of our Lord Jesus Christ." Eph. 5: 20.
11. With what exhortation does the psalmist close his songs
of praise?
"Praise ye the Lord. Praise God in His sanctuary: praise
Him in the firmament of His power. Praise Him for His mighty
acts: praise Him according to His excellent greatness. Praise
Him with the sound of the trumpet: praise Him with the psal-
tery and harp. Praise Him with the timbrel and dance: praise
Him with stringed instruments and organs. Praise Him upon
the loud cymbals: praise Him upon the high-sounding cymbals.
Let everything that hath breath praise the Lord. Praise ye the
Lord." Psalm 150.

THE VALUE OF SONG

1. How early in the world's history do we read of singing?
"Where wast thou when I laid the foundations of the earth?
. . when the morning stars sang together, and all the sons of
God shouted for joy?" Job 38: 4-7.
2. What did Israel do when delivered from Egypt?
"Then sang Moses and the children of Israel this song unto
the Lord, . . . The Lord is my strength and song, and He
is become my salvation; . . . and I will exalt Him." Ex.
15: 1, 2.
 THE VALUE OF SONG 469
3. How did the angels manifest their joy at Christ's birth?
"And suddenly there was with the angel a multitude of the
heavenly host praising God, and saying, Glory to God in the
highest, and on earth peace, good will toward men." Luke
2: 13, 14.
4. How are we told to come before the Lord?
"Serve the Lord with gladness: come before His presence
with singing." Ps. 100: 2. ' See 2 Chron. 29:30.
5. How does David say such service is regarded by God?
"I will praise the name of God with a song, and will magnify
Him with thanksgiving. This also shall please the Lord better
than an ox or bullock that hath horns and hoofs." Ps. 69: 30, 31.
6. What instruction did Paul give concerning singing?
"Let the word of Christ dwell in you richly in all wisdom;
teaching and admonishing one another in psalms and hymns
and spiritual songs, singing with grace in your hearts to the Lord."
Col. 3: 16. See also Eph. 5: 19; James 5: 13; Ps. 149: 5, 6.
Norm.— Music, like poetry and flowers, is elevating and refining in
its nature, and should therefore have its place in the worship of God, and
in the life and experience of God's people. It is adapted to every mood and
feeling of the human soul, and many times has reached hearts when other
means have failed. Next to prayer, music seems best adapted to worship.
"The history of the songs of the Bible is full of suggestion as to
the uses and benefits of music and song. Music is often perverted to
serve purposes of evil, and it thus becomes one of the most alluring agen-
cies of temptation. But, rightly employed, it is a precious gift of God,
designed to uplift the thoughts to high and noble themes, to inspire and
elevate the soul. As the children of Israel, journeying through the wilder-
ness, cheered their way by the music of sacred song, so God bids His chil-
dren today gladden their pilgrim life. There are few means more effective
for fixing His words in the memory than repeating them in song. And
such song has wonderful power. It has power to subdue rude and uncul-
tivated natures; power to quicken thought and to awaken sympathy, to
promote harmony of action, and to banish the gloom and foreboding that
destroy courage and weaken effort."—"Education," pages 167, 168.
"0 that we might sing evening and morning, and let song touch song
all the way through! 0 that we could put songs under our burden! OD
that we could extract the sense of sorrow by song! Then sad things would
not poison so much. Sing in the house; teach your children to sing. When
troubles come, go at them with song. When griefs arise, sing them down.
Lift the voice of praise against cares. Praise God by singing; that will
lift you above trials of every sort. Attempt it. They sing in heaven,
and. among God's people on earth song is the appropriate language of
Christian feeling."--- Henry Ward Beecher.
7. What instrument did John see the saints have?
"I saw . . . them, . . . having the harps of God." Rev. 15:2.
470 BIBLE READINGS
8. And what song are they to sing?
"And they sing the song of Moses the servant of God, and
the song of the Lamb, saying, Great and marvelous are Thy works,
Lord God Almighty; just and true are Thy ways, Thou King of
saints." Verse 3. See Ps. 87: 7.

Ocrr of my heart I sing a song,

0 world so great and grand!
But hearts are weak, and, hands reach out
For the touch of a kindly hand.
0 song that I sing, I pray you bring
To some sad soul thy balm;
Fall soft, I pray, like the breath of May,
Or the touch of a loving hand.
I sing for hearts that ache and break,
I sing for hearts that are true;
0 world so vast, 0 world so wide,
I sing my song for you!
 PART XIV
Christian Service
THE GIFT OF GIVING
1. WHAT example of giving has God given to the world?
"God so loved the world, that He gave His only begotten Son,
that whosoever believeth in Him should not perish, but have
everlasting life." John 3: 16.
2. By what were Abraham's faith and devotion tested?
"By faith Abraham, when he was tried, of fered up Isaac;
and he that had received the promises offered up his only begotten
son." Heb. 11: 17.
3. What did Christ do to redeem us?
"Who gave Himself for our sins." Gal. 1: 4. See also Titus
2: 14; 1 Tim. 2: 6.
4. Why did He lay aside His riches and become poor?
"For ye know the grace of our Lord Jesus Christ, that,
though He was rich, yet for your sakes He became poor, that ye
through His poverty might be rich." 2 Cor. 8: 9.
5. After Abraham was blessed, what was he to be?
"I will bless thee, . . . and thou shalt be a blessing."
Gen. 12:2.
• 6. As Christ sent out His disciples to preach, to heal the
sick, and to raise the dead, what did He say to them?
"Freely ye have received, freely give." Matt. 10: 8.
7. Why does God comfort us in our troubles?
"Who comforteth us in all our tribulation, that we may be
able to comfort them which are in any trouble, by the comfort where-
with we ourselves are comforted of God." 2 Cor. 1: 4.
• NoTE.— All who accept the gospel take upon themselves the oblip-
tion to pass its blessings on to others. In this way the work of salvation
is extended. Every soul reclaimed from sin, God expects to join in the
same work for others which lifted him up, and placed his feet upon the
Rock. The good things of God are not to be selfishly kept to ourselves.
We receive to give. Says Whittier, "The soul is lost that's saved alone."
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And as love prompted God's great gift, so His love in our hearts will prompt
us to give, to minister, and to engage in loving service for the welfare and
the happiness of others.
8. What did Christ say of the blessedness of giving?
"I have showed you all things, how that so laboring ye ought
to support the weak, and to remember the words of the Lord
Jesus, how He said, It is more blessed to give than to receive."
Acts 20: 35.
Now.— The government of God is founded on the principle of benevo-
lence, or the desire to bless others. Our richest blessings come as the
result of the good things we have passed on to our fellow men.
"The quality of mercy is not strained,
It droppeth as the gentle rain from heaven
Upon the place beneath; it is twice blessed —
It blesseth him that gives and him that takes."
9. For what was Christ anointed by the Holy Spirit?
"The Spirit of the Lord God is upon Me; because the Lord
hath anointed Me to preach good tidings unto the meek; He hath
sent Me to bind up the broken-hearted, to proclaim liberty to
the captives, and the opening of the prison to them that are
bound." Isa. 61: 1. See Luke 4: 18.
NOTE.- The Holy Spirit is given to fit God's children for service.
10. After being thus anointed, what did Jesus do?
"Who went about doing good." Acts 10: 38.

PREACHING THE GOSPEL

1. BEFORE leaving His disciples, what great commission did
Christ give them?
"And He said unto them, Go ye, into all the world, and preach.
the gospel to every creature." Mark 16: 15.
Nam— The word gospel means good news, or glad tidings.
2. What is the gospel of Christ?
"I am not ashamed of the gospel of Christ: for it is the power
of God unto salvation to every one that believeth." Rom. 1: 16.
3. How extensively and for how long did Christ say the
gospel should be preached?
"And this gospel of the kingdom shall be preached in all
the world for a witness unto all nations; and then shall the end
come." Matt. 24: 14.
4. Why was the gospel to be preached to the Gentiles?
 PREACHING THE GOSPEL 473

"Simeon hath declared how God at the first did visit the •
Gentiles, to take out of them a people for His name." Acts 15: 14.
5. How are those who preach the gospel described?
"How beautiful upon the mountains are the feet of him that
bringeth good tidings, that publisheth peace; that bringeth good
tidings of good, that publisheth salvation; that saith unto Zion,
Thy God reigneth." Isa. 52: 7.
6. What was the object of Christ's ministry?
"I the Lord have called Thee in righteousness, and will
hold Thine hand, and will keep Thee, and give Thee for a cove-
nant of the people, for a light of the Gentiles; to open the blind
eyes, to bring out the prisoners from the prison, and them that sit
in kness
ar out of the prison-house." Isa. 42: 6, 7.
7. For what purpose did Christ select the apostle Paul, and
send him to the Gentiles?
"And He said, . . . I have appeared unto thee for this
purpose, to make thee a minister and a witness . . . to open
their eyes, and to turn them from darkness to light, and from the
power of Satan unto God, that they may receive forgiveness of
sins, and inheritance among them which are sanctified by faith
that is in Me." Acts 26: 15-18.
8. What is the Christian minister commanded to preach?
"Preach the word." 2 Tim. 4: 2.
9. Of what did Christ say the Scriptures testify?
"They are they which testify of Me." John 5: 39.
NOTE.- Every one, therefore, who preaches the word aright, will
preach Christ. Paul, who faithfully preached God's word, said he was
determined not to know (i. e., to make known) anything "save Jesus Christ,
and Him crucified." 1 Cor. 2: 2. Jonathan Edwards was once asked by
a young minister what he thought of a sermon he had just preached. "It
was a very poor sermon, indeed," said Mr. Edwards. "Why?" asked the
young minister. "Because," said Mr. Edwards, "there was no Christ
in it.' All the great truths of the Scriptures center in Christ. Rightly
understood, all lead to Him. Christ, therefore, should be presented in
every discourse as the alpha and omega, the beginning and the end, of the
great plan of salvation.
10. How does God expect His ministers to preach the word?
"He that hath My word, let him speak My word faithfully."
Jer. 23: 28.
11. How did Christ present the truth to the people?
"And with many such parables spake He the word unto
them, as they were able to hear it." Mark 4: 33.
474 BIBLE READINGS
• Num.— Ministers should learn to adapt their labors to those for
whom they labor — to meet the people where they are.
12. What rule for teaching doctrine is laid down in the Bible?
"For precept must be upon precept, precept upon precept;
line upon line, line upon line; here a little, and there a little."
Isa. 28:10.
13. How should the servant of God labor?
"And the servant of the Lord must not strive; but be gentle
unto all men, apt to teach, patient, in meekness instructing those
that oppose themselves; if God peradventure will give them re-
pentance to the acknowledging of the truth." 2 Tim. 2: 24, 25.
NOTE.--- While the claims of the •law of God are presented to the sin-
ner, ministers should never forget that love -- the love of God — is the
only power that can soften the heart and lead to repentance and obedience,
and that to save men is their great work.
14. As a preparation for their work, what did Christ do to
the apostles?
"Then opened He their understanding, that they might
understand the Scriptures." Luke 24: 45.
15. For what did He tell them to tarry in Jerusalem?
"But tarry ye in the city of Jerusalem, until ye be endued
with power from on high." Verse 49.
16. How did the apostles preach the gospel?
"With the Holy Ghost sent down from heaven." 1 Peter
1: 12.
17. What was the result of this preaching?
"Many of them which heard the word believed." "And the
word of God increased; and the number of the disciples multiplied
in Jerusalem greatly; and a great company of the priests were
obedient to the faith." Acts 4: 4; 6: 7.
18. What promise is made to the faithful gospel minister?
"He that goeth forth and weepeth, bearing precious seed,
shall doubtless come again with rejoicing, bringing his sheaves
with him." Ps. 126:6.

THE SHEPHERD AND HIS WORK

1. WHO did Christ say is the good shepherd?
"I am the good shepherd." John 10: 11.
2. What is Christ elsewhere called?
 THE SHEPHERD AND HIS WORK 475
"The Shepherd and Bishop of your souls." "The chief
Shepherd." 1 Peter 2: 25; 5: 4.
3. What does the expression "the chief Shepherd" imply?
That there are under-shepherds.
4. How does the good shepherd manifest his love and care
for the sheep?
"The good shepherd giveth his life for the sheep." John
10: 11.
5. What does the hireling, or false shepherd, do, and why?
"The hireling fleeth, because he is an hireling, and careth not
for the sheep." Verse 13.
6. What example will the true shepherd set before his flock?
"In all things showing thyself a pattern of good works."
Titus 2: 7.
7. What is the special work of the gospel shepherd?
"Take heed therefore unto yourselves, and to all the flock,
over the which the Holy Ghost hath made you overseers, to
feed the church of God, which He hath purchased with His own
blood." Acts 20:28. "Feed the flock of God which is among
you, taking the oversight thereof." 1 Peter 5: 2. See also John
21: 15-17.
8. With what kind of food will the true shepherd feed the
flock?
"I charge thee therefore before God, and the Lord Jesus
Christ, who shall judge the quick and the dead at His appear-
ing and His kingdom: Preach the word." 2 Tim. 4: 1, 2. "0
son of man, I have set thee a watchman unto the house of Israel;
therefore thou shalt hear the word at My mouth, and warn them
from Me." Eze. 33: 7. See Eze. 3: 17-21.
9. Was there to come a time when people would not listen
to plain Bible truth?
"For the time will come when they will not endure sound doc-
trine; but after their own lusts shall they heap to themselves
teachers, having itching ears; and they shall turn away their
ears from the truth, and shal be turned unto fables." 2 Tim.
4:3,4.
10. Instead of the straight testimony, what kind of preach-
ing will such demand?
476 BIBLE READINGS
"Prophesy not unto us right things, speak unto us smooth
things, prophesy deceits." Isa. 30: 10.
11. What test is given by which we may distinguish between
true and false shepherds?
"To the law and to the testimony: if they speak not according
to this word, it is because there is no light in them." Isa. 8:
20. "For the priest's lips should keep knowledge, and they
should seek the law at his mouth." Mal. 2: 7.
12. What will those servants be doing upon whom Christ
pronounces a blessing when He comes?
"Who then is a faithful and wise servant, whom his lord
hath made ruler over his household, to give them meat in due
Beason? Blessed is that servant whom his lord when he cometh
shall find so doing. Verily I say unto you, That he shall make
him ruler over all his goods." Ma,tt. 24: 4547.
13. What excuses are made by some for not expounding the
prophecies?
"And the vision of all is become unto you as the words of a
book that is sealed, which men deliver to one that is learned,
saying, Read this, I pray thee: and he saith, I cannot; for it is
sealed: and the book is delivered to him that is not learned, say-
ing, Read this, I pray thee: and he saith, I am not learned."
Isa. 29: 11, 12.
NOTE.— The prophecies of Daniel were to be unsealed at "the time
of the end." See Dan. 12: 4, 9, 10; Rev. 10: 1, 2. In Jer. 25: 34-37 is
found a warning message addressed to unfaithful shepherds.
14. After receiving his commission to preach, how did the
apostle Paul feel?
"For though I preach the gospel, I have nothing to glory of:
for necessity is laid upon me; yea, woe is unto me, if I preach not
the gospel!" 1 Cor. 9: 16.
15. How faithfully will the true shepherd watch the flock?
"They watch for your souls, as they that must give account."
Heb. 13 : 17.
NOTE.— Mark Guy Pearse once said to Mr. Spurgeon: "When I was
a young fellow in London, I used to sit right over there and hear you preach,
and you will never know how much good you did me. You used to wind
me up like an eight-day clock. I was bound to go right for a week after
hearing you."
16. If God's watchmen fail to warn the wicked, what terrible
responsibility will be charged to their account?
 THE SHEPHERD AND HIS WORK 477
"If thou dost not speak to warn the wicked from his way,
that wicked man shall die in his iniquity; but his blood will I
require at thine hand." Eze. 33: 8. See Isa. 3: 10, 11.

MISSIONARY WORK
1. WHAT has been given to every man?
"For the Son of man is as a man taking a far journey, who
left his house, and gave authority to his servants, and to every
man his work." Mark 13: 34.
2. Besides work, what else has been given to every man?
"And unto one he gave five talents, to another two, and to
another one; to every man according to his several ability." Matt.
25: 15.
3. What are those called to whom this work is committed?
"For the kingdom of heaven is as a man traveling into a
far country, who called his own servants, and delivered unto
them his goods." Verse 14.
4. What use did these servants make of their talents?
"Then he that had received the five talents went and traded
with the same, and made them other five talents. . . . But
he that had received one went and digged in the earth, and
hid his lord's money." Verses 16-18.
5. What excuse did the one who hid his talent make?
"I was afraid, and went and hid thy talent in the earth:
lo, there thou hast that is thine." Verse 25.
6. What did his master say to him?
"His lord answered and said unto him, Thou wicked and
slothful servant." Verse 26.
7. What did he say the servant should have done?
"Thou oughtest therefore to have put my money to the ex-
changers, and then at my coming I should have received mine
own with usury." Verse 27.
8. What is characteristic of slothful persons?
"The slothful man saith, There is a lion without, I shall be
slain in the streets." Prov. 22: 13.
NOTE.- That is, they see great obstacles before them, and are always
ready with excuses.
478 BIBLE READINGS
9. What was the fate of the slothful servant?
"And cast ye the unprofitable servant into outer darkness: there
shall be weeping and gnashing of teeth." Matt. 25: 30.
10.What was said to the servant who improved his talents?
"His lord said unto him, Well done, thou good and faithful
servant: thou hast been faithful over a few things, I will make
thee ruler over many things: enter thou into the joy of thy lord."
Verse 21.
11. Why did Christ endure the cruel death on the cross?
"Looking unto Jesus the author and finisher of our faith;
who for the joy that was set before Him endured the cross, despising
the shame, and is set down at the right hand of the throne of
God." Heb. 12: 2.
12. What will bring to the Lord this satisfaction and joy?
"He shall see of the travail of His soul, and shall be satisfied."
Isa. 53: 11.
13. How will Christ demonstrate His joy over the saved?
"He will joy over thee with singing." Zeph. 3: 17.
14. What did Paul set forth as his crown of rejoicing?
"For what is our hope, or joy, or crown of rejoicing? Are
not even ye in the presence of our Lord Jesus Christ at His coming?
For ye are our glory and joy." 1 Thess. 2: 19, 20.
15.Since this joy comes to Christ only through His self-
denial and suffering for others, in what way must all others
partake of that joy?
"It is a faithful saying: For if we be dead with Him, we shall
also live with Him: if we suffer, we shall also reign with Him:
if we deny Him, He also will deny us." 2 Tim. 2: 11, 12.
16.What motive should prompt to soul-saving labor?
"For the love of Christ constraineth us." 2 Cor. 5: 14.
17. Whom does every faithful Christian worker represent?
"Now then we are ambassadors for Christ, as though God did
beseech you by us: we pray you in Christ's stead, be ye reconciled
to God." Verse 20.
18.What does God do with the unfruitful members?
"Every branch in Me that beareth not fruit He taketh away:
 MISSIONARY WORK 479
and every branch that beareth fruit, He purgeth it, that it may
bring forth more fruit." John 15:2.
19. Can one occupy a mere neutral position toward Christ?
"He that is not with Me is against Me: and he that gathereth
not with Me scattereth." Luke 11:23.
20. For what does the Lord tell us to pray?
"The harvest truly is great, but the laborers are few: pray
ye therefore the Lord of the harvest, that He would send forth laborers
into His harvest." Luke 10:2.
21. How are we cautioned against delaying the work?
"Say not ye, There are yet four months, and then cometh
harvest? behold, I say unto you,. Lift up your eyes, and look on
the fields; for they are white already to harvest." John 4:35.
22. What promise is made to those who sow the gospel seed?
"They that sow in tears shall reap in joy. He that goeth
forth and weepeth, bearing precious seed, shall doubtless come
again with rejoicing, bringing his sheaves with him." Ps. 126:
5, 6.
23. What promise is made to soul-winners?
"He that winneth souls is wise." Prov. 11:30. "And
they that be wise [margin, teachers] shall shine as the brightness
of the firmament; and they that turn many to righteousness as
the stars forever and ever." Dan. 12:3.

THE POOR, AND OUR DUTY TOWARD THEM

1. WHAT is God's attitude toward the poor?
"He shall deliver the needy when he crieth; the poor also,
and him that hath no helper." Ps. 72: 12.
2. For what purpose did Christ say God had anointed Him?
"He hath anointed Me to preach the gospel to the poor."
Luke 4: 18.
3. When did He say we could minister to the poor?
"Whenioever ye will ye may do them good." Mark 14:7.
4. What did Paul say regarding our duty to the poor?
"I have showed you all things, how that so laboring ye ought
to support the weak, and to remember the words of the Lord
480 BIBLE READINGS

Jesus, how He said, It is more blessed to give than to receive."

Acts 20: 35.
5. What promises are made to those who consider the poor?
"Blessed is he that considereth the poor: the Lord will de-
liver him in time of trouble. The Lord will preserve him, and
keep him alive; and he shall be blessed upon the earth: and
Thou wilt not deliver him unto the will of his enemies. The
Lord will strengthen him upon the bed of languishing: Thou
wilt make all his bed in his sickness." Ps. 41: 1-3.
6. How does the Lord regard kindness shown to the poor?
"He that hath pity upon the poor lendeth unto the Lord;
and that which he hath given will He pay him again." Prov.
19: 17. "For God is not unrighteous to forget your work and labor
of love, which ye have showed toward His name, in that ye have
ministered to the saints, and do minister." Heb. 6: 10.
7. What fate awaits those who turn a deaf ear to the poor?
"Whoso stoppeth his ears at the cry of the poor, he also shall
cry himself, but shall not be heard." Prov. 21: 13.
8. What classes are we especially enjoined to help?
"Learn to do well; seek judgment, relieve the oppressed,
judge the fatherless, plead for the widow." Isa. 1: 17.
9. What is pure and undefiled religion declared to be?
"Pure religion and undefiled before God and the Father
is this, To visit the fatherless and widows in their affliction, and
to keep himself unspotted from the world." James 1: 27.
10. What kind of fast is most acceptable to God?
"Is not this the fast that I have chosen? . . . Is it
not to deal thy bread to the hungry, and that thou bring the poor
that are cast out to thy house? when thou seest the naked, that thou
cover him; and that thou hide not thyself from thine own flesh?"
Isa. 58:6, 7.
11. What is promised those who do this work?
"Then shalt thou call, and the Lord shall answer; thou shalt
cry, and He shall say, Here I am. . . . And if thou draw
out thy soul to the hungry, and satisfy the afflicted soul; then
shall thy light rise in obscurity, and thy darkness be as the
noonday. And the Lord shall guide thee continually, and
satisfy thy soul in drought, and make fat thy bones: and thou
 THE POOR, AND OUR DUTY TOWARD THEM 481
shalt be like a watered garden, and like a spring of water, whose
waters fail not." Verses 9-11. '
12. How did the patriarch Job treat the poor?
"I was a father to the poor: and the cause which I knew not
I searched out." Job 29: 16.
13. What did Christ tell the rich young man to do?
"Jesus said unto him, If thou wilt be perfect, go and sell
that thou host, and give to the poor, and thou shalt have treasure
in heaven: and come and follow Me." Matt. 19: 21.
Nom.—From Matt. 25: 31-45 we learn that Christ identifies Himself
with needy, suffering humanity; and that any neglect shown them He re-
gards as done unto Himself.

CHRISTIAN HELP WORK

1. WHAT was the character of Christ's work among men?
"Who went about doing good." Acts 10:38.
2. What will His time followers do?
"He that saith he abideth in Him ought himself also so
to walk, even as He walked." 1 John 2: 6.
3. In ministering to the needy, whom are we really serving?
"Inasmuch as ye have done it unto one of the least of these
My brethren, ye have done it unto Me." Matt. 25: 40.
4. How long will there be poor in the world?
"Ye have the poor always with you." Matt. 26: 11. •
5. What relation do all sustain to God?
"The rich and poor meet together: the Lord is the maker of
them all." Prov. 22: 2.
6. What is one good evidence of genuine repentance?
"Break off thy sins by righteousness, and thine iniquities
by showing mercy to the poor." Dan. 4: 27.
7. What is one evidence that one has a knowledge of God?
"He judged the cause of the poor and needy; then it was well
with him: was not this to know Me? saith the Lord." Jer.
22: 16.
8. What classes are subjects for Christian help work?
"Pure religion and undefiled before God and the Father
31
482 BIBLE READINGS

is this, To visit the fatherless and widows in their affliction, and

to keep himself unspotted from the world." James 1:27.
9. Is it our duty always to give what is expected or asked?
"Then Peter said, Silver and gold have I none; but such as
I have give I thee: In the name of Jesus Christ of Nazareth rise
up and walk." Acts 3: 6. See 2 Cor. 12: 8.
10. What is sometimes of greater value even than money
to discouraged souls?
"I smiled on them when they had no confidence." Job 29:
24, margin R. V.
11. What divine law of retroaction attends giving?
"Give, and it shall be given unto you; good measure, pressed
down, and shaken together, and running over, shall men give
into your bosom.' For with the same measure that ye mete withal
it shall be measured to you again." Luke 6: 38. See Ps. 18: 25,
26; 109: 17; Gal. 6: 7.
12. What is promised those who give to the poor?
"He that hath pity upon the poor lendeth unto the Lord;
and that which he hath given will He pay him again." Prov.
19: 17. "He that giveth unto the poor shall not lack." Prov.
28:27.
13. How did Job learn of the needs of the poor?
"The cause of him that I knew not I searched out." Job
29: 16, R. V. "I used to investigate." Jewish Version.
14. What parable illustrates practical Christian help work?
The parable of the good Samaritan. Luke 10: 30-37.
15. When Christ sent out the seventy, what did He tell them
to do in the cities whither they went?
"And heal the sick that are therein, and say unto them,
The kingdom of God is come nigh unto you." Verse 9.
16. Amidst poverty, suffering, and distress, what kind of
workers does God wish to see?
"But this is a people robbed and spoiled; they are all of them
snared in holes, and they are hid in prison-houses: they are for
a prey, and NONE DELIVERETH : for a spoil, and none saith,
RESTORE. Who among you will give ear to this?" Isa. 42:
22, 23.
 CHRISTIAN -HELP WORK 483
17. What is our duty toward the outcast and wandering?
"Hide the outcasts; bewray not him that wandereth. Let
Mine outcasts dwell with thee." Isa. 16: 3, 4.
18. What incentive have Christians for doing prison work?
"I was in prison, and ye came unto Me." Matt. 25: 36.
19. Who notes the groans of the prisoner?
"From heaven did the Lord behold the earth; to hear the
groaning of the prisoner." Ps. 102: 19, 20. •
20. What work constitutes the fast most acceptable to God?
"Is not this the fast that I have ordained, to untie the knots
of wickedness; to relax the burden of the yoke; and rescue those
who are oppressed by violence: and that ye withdraw every
yoke? Is it not to part thy bread with the famished, and to
bring the vagrant poor into thy house? when thou seest the
naked, that thou clothe him? " Isa. 58: 6, 7, Spurrell's Version.
21. What promises are made to those who thus minister
to the wants and distresses of others?
"If thou draw out thy soul to the hungry, and satisfy Ow
afflicted soul; then shall thy light rise in obscurity, and t1767.
darkness be as the noonday: and the Lord shall guide thee
continually, and satisfy thy soul in drought, and make fat thy
bones: and thou shalt be like a watered garden, and like a spring
of water, whose waters fail not." Verses 10, 11.

VISITING THE SICK

1. FOR what will Christ finally commend the righteous?
"I was sick, and ye visited Me." Matt. 25: 36.
2. Why, in His earthly ministry, did Christ heal the sick?
"That it might be fulfilled which, was spoken by Esaias the
prophet, saying, Himself took our infirmities, and bare our sick-
nesses." Matt. 8: 17.
3. With what is Christ touched?
"With the feeling of our infirmities." Heb. 4: 15.
4. What relief did He bring to Peter's household?
"And when Jesus was come into Peter's house, He saw his
wife's mother laid, and sick of a fever. And He touched her
484 BIBLE READINGS '

hand, and the fever left her: and she arose, and ministered unto
them." Matt. 8: 14, 15.
5. What example did He leave us?
"Who went about doing good, and healing all that were op-
pressed of the devil; for God was with Him." Acts 10: 38. "As
He is, so are we in this world." 1 John 4: 17.
6. What should we not forget in our ministry for the sick?
"Pray one for another, that ye may be healed. The effectual
fervent prayer of a righteoustnan availeth much." James 5: 16.

HEALING THE SICK

1. WHAT does the Lord declare Himself to be?
"I am the Lord that healeth thee." Ex. 15: 26. "Who
forgiveth all thine iniquities; who healeth all thy diseases." Ps.
103:3.
2. What was promised Israel on condition of obedience?
"Thou shalt therefore keep the commandments, . . . and
the Lord will take away from thee all sickness." Deut. 7: 11-15.
3. When through disobedience Jeroboam's hand was with-
ered, by what means was it restored?
"And the king answered and said unto the man of God,
Entreat now the face of the Lord thy God, and pray for me,
that my hand may be restored me again. And the man of God
besought the Lord, and the king's hand was restored him again,
and became as it was before." 1 Kings 13: 6.
4. When Miriam was stricken with leprosy, how was she
healed?
"And Moses cried unto the Lord, saying, Heal her now, 0
God, I beseech Thee." Num. 12: 13.
5. What mistake did Asa make in his severe affliction?
"And Asa in the thirty and ninth year of his reign was
diseased in his feet, until his disease was exceeding great: yet
in his disease he sought not to the Lord, but to the physicians."
2 Chron. 16: 12.
6. How was a child restored to life by Elijah?
"And he stretched himself upon the child three times, and
cried unto the Lord, and said, 0 Lord my God, I pray Thee, let
 HEALING THE SICK 485
this child's soul come into him again. And the Lord heard the
voice of Elijah; and the soul of the child came into him again,
and he revived." 1 Kings 17: 21, 22.
7. How was Hezekiah's prayer for restoration from sick-
ness answered?
"Thus saith the Lord, the God of David thy father, I have
heard thy prayer, I have seen thy tears: behold, I will add unto thy
days fifteen years." Isa. 38: 5.
8. What constituted a large part of Christ's ministry?
"And Jesus went about all Galilee, teaching in their syna-
gogues, and preaching the gospel of the kingdom, and healing
all manner of sickness and all manner of disease among the people."
Matt. 4:23.
9. In doing this, what prophecy was fulfilled?
"He cast out the spirits with His word, and healed all that
were sick: that it might be fulfilled which was spoken by Esaias
the prophet, saying, Himself took our infirmities, and bare our
sicknesses." Matt. 8: 16, 17.
Nom.— The essence of the gospel is restoration, or healing of body,
soul, and spirit. See John 3:16; Luke 4: 17-19; Acts 3: 19-21; Rom. 8:
21-23; 1 Cor. 15:51-55.
10. In the case of the woman healed of an infirmity, what
gave effect to her touch of Christ's garment?
"And He said unto her, Daughter, be of good comfort: thy
faith hath made thee whole; go in peace." Luke 8: 48.
11. Before sending out the twelve, what power did Christ
give them?
"Then He called His twelve disciples together, and gave
them power and authority over all devils, and to cure diseases.
And He sent them to preach the kingdom of God, and to heal
the, sick." Luke 9: 1, 2. See Matt. 10: 1, 7, 8; Luke 10: 1, 9.
12. What notable miracle was performed by the apostles
shortly after the day of Pentecost?
"Then Peter said [to the lame man], Silver and gold have
I none; but such as I have give I thee: In the name of Jesus
Christ of Nazareth rise up and walk. And he took him by the
right hand, and lifted him up: and immediately his feet and
ankle-icm,es received strength. And he leaping up stood, and
walked, and entered with them into the temple, walking, and
leaping, and praising God." Acts 3:6-8.
486 BIBLE READINGS

13. Among others, what gift has God set in the church?
"And God hath set some in the church, first apostles, second-
arily prophets, thirdly teachers, after that miracles, then gifts
of healing, helps, governments, diversities of tongues." 1 Cor.
12:28.
14. In sickness, what is every child of God privileged to do?
" Is any sick among you? let him call for the elders of the church;
and let them pray over him, anointing him with oil in the name of
the Lord." James 5: 14.
15. What assurance of blessing is given to those who ask
according to God's will?
"The prayer of faith shall save the sick, and the Lord
shall raise him up; and if he have committed sins, they shall be
forgiven him." Verse 15.
NOTE.- Physical healing, may not always be for our good or to the
glory of God. Hence we must be ready to pray with Jesus, "Nevertheless
not my will, but Thine, be done." Luke 22: 42. Paul was denied the re-
moval of infirmity, but the Lord assured him, "My grace is sufficient for
thee." 2 Cor. 12:9. It is not a denial of faith to make use of the simple
remedial means that God has given, or those ordinary essentials upon which
He makes life dependent, as proper food, pure air, rest, exercise, and sun-
shine.

PRISON WORK
1. WHAT does Christ give us as one reason why He will
bid the righteous welcome into His kingdom?
"I was in. prison, and ye came unto Me." Matt. 25:36.
2. What is pure and undefiled religion declared to be?
To visit those in affliction. James 1: 27.
Nora.—In 1909 there were 100,221 prisoners in 195 penal institutions
in the United States, or an average of 112 to each 100,000.
3. What does God see when He looks down from heaven?
"For He hath looked down from the height of His sanctuary;
from heaven did the Lord behold the earth; to hear the groaning
of the prisoner; to loose those that are appointed to death." Ps.
102: 19, 20.
4. For what purpose did God send His Son into the world?
"To bring out the prisoners from the prison, and them that
sit in darkness out of the prison-house." Isa. 42: 7.
5. For what work did Christ say He was anointed?
 PRISON WORK 487
"To preach the gospel to the poor; . . . to preach
deliverance to the captives, . . . to set at liberty them that
are bruised." Luke 4: 18.
6. Why did the psalmist wish to be brought out of the
prison-house of sin?
"Bring my soul out of prison, that I may praise Thy name."
Ps. 142:7.
7. Whose prison-house does Satan not open?
"That made the world as a wilderness, and destroyed the
cities thereof; that opened not the house [the gravel of his prisoners."
Isa. 14: 17.
8. For what does the psalmist pray?
"Let the sighing of the prisoner come before Thee; according
to the greatness of Thy power preserve Thou those that are ap-
pointed to die." Ps. 79: 11.
9. How does God regard His people who are in prison?
"For the Lord heareth the poor, and despiseth not His
prisoners." Ps. 69: 33.
10. Why has the devil been permitted to cast some of God's
people into prison?
"Fear none of those things which thou shalt suffer: behold,
the devil shall cast some of you into prison, that ye may be
tried. . . . Be thou faithful unto death, and I will give
thee a crown of life." Rev. 2: 10. See Dan. 11: 33-35.
Nom— Dr. William Dodd (1729-77), an unfortunate English divine,
who, under stress of circumstances, became a heavy forger, was imprisoned
at Newgate for a time, and finally executed. Upon visiting him, John
Wesley found "a penitent and hopeful malefactor," and in his "Journal"
says: "A real, deep work of God seemed to be already begun in his soul.
Perhaps by driving him too fast, Satan has driven him to God, to that re-
pentance which shall never be repented of." Visiting him shortly before
his execution, Mr. Wesley is reported to have replied to Mr. Dodd's apolo-
gies for receiving him in the condemned cell, "Courage brother; perhaps
God saw that nothing else would do." See "Life of John Wesley," by
Richard Watson, page 207.
11. How would God have us sympathize with those in bonds
and adversity?
"Remember them that are in bonds, as bound with them;
and'them which suffer adversity, as being yourselves also in the
body." Heb. 13: 3.
12. What blessed invitation will Christ finally extend to
those who have ministered to the wants of the needy, and
visited the sick and those in prison?
488 BIBLE READINGS
"Then shall the King say unto them on His right hand,
Come, ye blessed of My Father, inherit the kingdom prepared for
you from the foundation of the world." Matt. 25: 34.

ORDER AND ORGANIZATION

1. OF what is God the author?
"For God is not the author of confusion, but of peace, as in
all churches of the saints." 1 Cor. 14: 33. See 1 Cor. 11: 16.
2. Why did Paul give instruction to Timothy concerning
the duties and qualifications of bishops and deacons?
"These things write I unto thee, . . . that thou mayest
know how thou oughtest to behave thyself in the house of God,
which is the church of the living God, the pillar and ground
[margin, stay] of the truth." 1 Tim. 3: 14, 15.
3. How should everything pertaining to God's work be done?
"Let all things be done decently and in order." 1 Cor. 14 : 40.
NOTE.- "Order is heaven's first law."— Milton. In the Scriptures
Christians are likened to soldiers, and their work to that of a warrior, or
to a conqueror going forth to conquer. 2 Tim. 2: 3, 4; 1 Tim. 1: 18; Rev.
6:2. As order, organization, direction, and discipline are necessary in
an army, so are they also in the church. The weapons used and the
object sought are different in each case (Rom. 13: 4; 2 Cor. 10:3, 4); but
the necessity for order and organization are the same in both.
4. What is one prime essential of soldiers in an army?
"All these men of war, that could keep rank, came with a
perfect heart to Hebron, to make David king over all Israel."
1 Chron. 12: 38.
5. That the burden of judging and looking after the affairs
of Israel might not all rest on Moses, what instruction did Jethro,
his father-in-law, give him?
"Moreover thou shalt provide out of all the people able men,
such as fear God, men of truth, hating covetousness; and
place such over them to be rulers of thousands, and rulers of
hundreds, rulers of fifties, and rulers of tens. And let them
judge the people at all seasons: and it shall be, that every great
matter they shall bring unto thee, but every small matter they
shall judge: so shall it be easier for thyself, and they shall bear
the burden with thee." Ex. 18: 21, 22.
6. How many apostles did Christ at first ordain to preach
the gospel?
 ORDER AND ORGANIZATION 489
"And He ordained twelve, that they should be with Him, and
that He might send them forth to preach." Mark 3: 14.
7. How many did He later appoint to this work?
"After these things the Lord appointed other seventy also,
and sent them two and two before His face into every city and
place, whither He Himself would come." Luke 10: 1.,
8. When the number of the disciples multiplied, what in-
struction did the apostles give the believers, that none might be
neglected in the daily ministration of temporal necessities?
"Wherefore, brethren, look ye out among you seven men of
honest report, full of the Holy Ghost and wisdom, whom we
may appoint over this business." Acts 6: 3.
NoTE.— The men thus selected were known as deacons. The lesson
to be learned from this is that leaders and people should unite in planning
and providing for the necessary organization and officering of,the church
according to its,growth and needs. This cooperation is again shown in the
words of Paul, Whomsoever ye shall approve by your letters, them will
I send." 1 Cor. 16:3. See also Acts 15:22.
9. What word came through the Spirit to the ministering
prophets and teachers laboring at Antioch?
"As they ministered to the Lord, and fasted, the Holy
Ghost said, Separate Me Barnabas and Saul for the work where-
unto I have called them. And when they had fasted and prayed,
and laid their hands on them, they sent them away." Acts
13:2, 3.
10. What is one of thk gifts which God has set in the church?
"And God hath set some in the church, first apostles, second-
arily prophets, thirdly teachers, after that . . . helps,
governments." 1 Cor. 12: 28.
NorE.— The word here rendered governments implies the work or
office of "steering, piloting, directing."
11. For the direction of matters in each local church, what
instruction did the apostle Paul give to Titus?
"For this cause left I thee in Crete, that thou shouldest set
in order the things that are wanting, and ordain elders in every
city, as I had appointed thee." Titus 1: 5.
12. What instruction did he give to the members of the
church as to their relationship to those thus appointed?
"Obey them that have the rule [margin, guide] over you, and
submit yourselves: for they watch for your souls, as they that
490 BIBLE READINGS
must give account, that they may do it with joy, and not with
grief.' Heb. 13: 17. See 1 Peter 5: 5; Mark 10: 42-45.
13. What instruction and caution are given to elders?
"The elders which are among you I exhort, who am also an
elder, . . . Feed the flock of God which is among you, tak-
ing the oversight thereof, not by constraint, but willingly; not for
filthy lucre, but of a ready mind; neither as being lords over God's
heritage, but being ensamples to the flock." 1 Peter 5: 1-3.
NOTE.- For the qualifications and duties of elders, see 1 Tim. 3:
1-3; Titus 1: 6-9; Acts 20: 28-31; and the scripture just quoted. How
God regards rebellion against divinely appointed authority and leader-
ship, is illustrated in the expulsion of Satan and his angels from heaven,
and in the fate of Korah, Dathan, and Abiram. See Rev. 12: 7-9; Num-
bers 16. The unity and harmony which should exist among believers is
described in John 13: 34, 35; 17: 20-23; and Eph. 4: 1-6. The evil of
place-seeking in the church is shown in Mark 10: 35-45 and Luke 14:
7-11; and of ecclesiastical tyranny, in Dan. 7:25; 8:24, 25; 2 Thess. 2:
3, 4; and John 16: 2. The course to be pursued toward offending members,
and in cases where differences arise, is pointed out in Matt. 18: 15-18; 5:
23, 24; Gal. 6: 1; 1 Tim. 5:19, 20; Titus 3: 10, 11; 1 Corinthians 5; and
Acts 15. And the guide-book in all matters of both doctrine and discipline
should be the Bible. Isa. 8:20; 2 Tim. 3: 16, 17; 4 : 1, 2.

SUPPORT OF THE MINISTRY

1. WHAT is one way in which we are commanded to honor
God?
"Honor the Lord with thy substance, and with the first-fruits
of all thine increase." Prov. 3: 9.
2. What part of one's income has the Lord especially claimed
as His?
"And all the tithe [tenth] of the land, whether of the seed of
the land, or of the fruit of the tree, is the Lord's: it is holy unto
the Lord." Lev. 27:30.
3. For whose support and for what work was the tithe de-
voted in Israel?
"Behold, I have given the children of Levi all the tenth in
Israel for an inheritance, for their service which they serve, even
the service of the tabernacle of the congregation." Num. 18: 21.
4. In what language does Paul approve of the same method
of support for the gospel ministry?
"If we have sown unto you spiritual things, is it a great
thing if we shall reap your carnal things? . . . Do ye not
know that they which minister about holy things live of the
•
 SUPPORT OF THE MINISTRY 491
things of the temple? and they which wait at the altar are par-
takers with the altar? Even so hath the Lord ordained that they
which preach the gospel should live of the gospel." 1 Cor. 9:
11-14.
5. Upon what fundamental basis does the requirement of
tithe-paying rest?
"The earth is the Lord's, and the fulness thereof; the world,
and they that dwell therein." Ps. 24: 1.
6. Who owns all the gold and silver in the world?
"The silver is Mine, and the gold is Mine, saith the Lord of
hosts." Haggai 2: 8.
7. Who owns all the cattle and fowls of the earth?
"For every beast of the forest is Mine, and the cattle upon a
thousand hills. I know all the fowls of the mountains: and the
wild beasts of the field are Mine." Ps. 50: 10, 11.
8. Who gives man power to get wealth?
"But thou shalt remember the Lord thy God: for it is He
that giveth thee power to get wealth." Deut. 8: 18.
9. What statement of Christ shows that man is not an
original owner, but a steward of God's goods?
"For the kingdom of heaven is as a man traveling into a far
country, who called his own servants, and delivered unto them
his goods." Matt. 25: 14. See 1 Cor. 4: 7.
10. How early in the history of the world do we read of
tithe-paying?
"For this Melchisedec, king of Salem, priest of the most
high God, who met Abraham returning from the slaughter of
the kings, and blessed him; to whom also Abraham gave a tenth
part of all." Heb. 7: 1, 2. See Gen. 14: 17-20.
11.What vow did Jacob make at Bethel?
"And Jacob vowed a vow, saying, If God will be with me,
and will keep me in this way that I go, and will give me bread
to eat, and raiment to put on, so that I come again to my father's
house in peace; then shall the Lord be my God: . . . and
of all that Thou shalt give me I will surely give the tenth unto Thee."
Gen. 28: 20-22.
NOTE.—It is thus evident that the duty of paying tithes was recog-
nized by the patriarchs as a religious obligation.
12. After what order was Christ made a high priest?
492 BIBLE READINGS

"Whither the forerunner is for us entered, even Jesus, made

an high priest forever after the order of Melchisedec." Heb. 6:20.
'NOTE.— As Christ's priesthood succeeded the Aaronic or Levitical
priesthood, which was supported by the tithes of Israel; and as Christ
was made a priest after the order of Melehisedec, who received tithes
of the patriarchs before the Levitical priesthood was ordained, it is but
logical and natural to conclude that the ministry under Christ's priest-
hood should be supported by the same means as were both of these priest-
hoods,— the tithes of God's people.
13. Did Christ Himself approve of tithe-paying?
"Ye pay tithe of mint and anise and cummin, and have
omitted the weightier matters of the law, judgment, mercy, and
faith: these ought ye to have done, and not to leave the other
undone." Matt. 23: 23.
14. Of what is one guilty who withholds the tithe and free-
will offerings?
"Will a man rob God? Yet ye have robbed Me. But ye
say, Wherein have we robbed Thee? In tithes and offerings."
Mal. 3: 8.
15. Concerning what does the Lord ask us to prove Him,
and upon what conditions does He promise great blessings?
"Bring ye all the tithes into the storehouse, that there may
be meat in Mine house, and prove Me now herewith, saith the
Lord of hosts, if I will not open you the windows of heaven,
and pour you out a blessing, that there shall not be room enough
to receive it. And I will rebuke the devourer for your sakes,
and he shall not destroy the fruits of your ground; neither shall
your vine cast her fruit before the time in the field, saith the
Lord of hosts." Verses 10, 11.

FREE-WILL OFFERINGS
1. BY what has God ordained that His work be sustained?
"Tithes and offerings." Mal. 3: 8.
2. How are we told to come into His courts?
"Bring an offering, and come into His courts." Ps. 96: 8.
NOTE.-- Various offerings are mentioned in the Bible, such as thank-
offerings, peace-offerings, sin-offerings, and trespass-offerings.
3. In celebrating the three annual feasts, what instruction
did God give to His people anciently?
 FREE-WILL OFFERINGS 493
`Three times thou shalt keep a feast unto Me in the year.
. . . And none shall appear before Me empty." Ex. 23 : 14, 15.
4. With what spirit would God have us give?
"Every man according as he purposeth in his heart, so let
him give; not grudgingly, or of necessity: for God loveth a cheer-
ful giver." 2 Cor. 9: 7.
5. On what condition did Paul say he would have a reward?
"If I do this thing willingly, I have a reward." 1 Cor. 9: 17.
6. What has Christ said regarding giving?
"It is more blessed to give than to receive." Acts 20: 35.
7. How does God regard the covetous man?
"The wicked boasteth of his heart's desire, and blesseth the
covetous, whom the Lord abhorreth." Ps. 10: 3. See Ex. 18: 21.
8. What warning did Christ give against covetousness?
"Take heed, and beware of covetousness: for a man's life
cousisteth not in the abundance of the things which he possess-
eth." Luke 12: 15.
9. How, in the parable, did God regard the selfish rich man?
"But God said unto him, Thou fool, this night thy soul shall
be required of thee: then whose shall those things be, which
thou hast provided?" Verse 20.
.10. What application does Christ make of this parable?
"So is he that layeth up treasure for himself, and is not
rich toward God." Verse 21. See 1 Tim. 6: 7.
11. By what means can men lay up treasure in heaven?
"Sell that ye have, and give alms; provide yourselves bags
which wax not old, a treasure in the heavens that faileth not,
where no thief approacheth, neither moth corrupteth." Luke
12:33. See 1 Tim. 6: 7.
12. What charge was Timothy instructed to give the rich?
"Charge them that are rich in this world, that they be not
high-minded, nor trust in uncertain riches, but in the living
God, who giveth us richly all things to enjoy; that they do good,
that they be rich in good works, ready to distribute, willing to com-
municate; laying up in store for themselves a good foundation
against the time to come that they may lay hold on eternal
life." 1 Tim. 6: 17-19.
494 BIBLE READINGS
13. How does God regard such a course?
"But to do good and to communicate forget not: for with
such sacrifices God is well pleased." Heb. 13: 16.
14.'According to whatrule should one give?
"Every man shall give as he is able, aecording- to the blessing
of the Lord thy God which He hath given thee." Deut. 16: 17.
15. Upon what basis are gifts acceptable to God?
"For if there be first a willing mind, it is accepted according
to that a man hath, and not according to that he hath not."
2 Cor. 8:12.
16. What indicates where our hearts are?
"For where your treasure is, there will your heart be also."
Luke 12:34.
HOSPITALITY
1. WHAT do the Scriptures say concerning hospitality?
" Use hospitality one to another without grudging. As every
man hath received the gift, even so minister the same one to
another, as good stewards of the manifold grace of God." 1
Peter 4: 9, 10. "Be kindly affectioned one to another with
brotherly love; . . . distributing to the necessity of saints;
given to hospitality." Rom. 12: 10-13.
2. Is a mere expression of good wishes sufficient?
"If a brother or sister be naked, and destitute of daily food,
and one of you say unto them, Depart in peace, be ye warmed
and filled; notwithstanding ye give them not those things which
are needful to the body; what doth it profit?" James 2;15, 16.
3. When should we exercise hospitality?
"As we have therefore opportunity, let us do good unto all
men, especially unto them who are of the household of faith."
Gal. 6: 10.
4. What encouragement is given to entertain strangers?
"Be not forgetful to entertain strangers: for thereby some
have entertained angels unawares." Heb. 13:2. See Gen. 18:
1-8; 19: 1-3.
5. What blessings are promised those who do such work?
"The liberal soul shall be made fat: and he that watereth
shall be watered also himself." Prov. 11: 25. 1 Kings 17: 8-16,
 WHO IS THE GREATEST?
1. AT the last Passover, what did Christ say to His disciples?
"And He said unto them, With desire have I desired to eat
this Passover with you before I suffer: for I say unto you, I
will not any more eat thereof, until it be fulfilled in the kingdom
of God." Luke 22: 15, 16.
2. Concerning what had there been a strife among the dis-
ciples?
"And there was also a strife among them, which of them
should be accounted the greatest." Verse 24.
3. How did Christ rebuke this spirit?
"And He said unto them, The kings of the Gentiles exercise
lordship over them; and they that exercise authority upon them
are called benefactors. But ye shall not be so: but he that is
greatest among you, let him be as the younger; and he that is chief,
as he that doth serve." Verses 25, 26. See Mark 10: 42-45.
4. What did the Saviour say of His own position? •
"For whether is greater, he that sitteth at meat, or he that
serveth? is not he that sitteth at meat? but I am among you as
he that serveth." Verse 27.
5. Notwithstanding that He was their Lord and Master,
what example of humility and willing service did Christ give?
"He riseth from supper, and laid aside His garments; and
took a towel, and girded Himself. After that He poureth water
into a basin, and began to wash the disciples' feet, and to wipe them
with the towel wherewith He was girded.' John 13:4, 5.
6. What was the custom anciently respecting feet-washing?
"Let a little water, I pray you, be fetched, and wash your
feet." "And he said, Behold now, my lords, turn in, I pray
you, into your servant's house, and tarry all night, and wash
your feet.' "And the man brought the men into Joseph's
house, and gave them water, and they washed their feet." Gen.
18:4; 19:2; 43:24. See also Judges 19:21; 2 Sam. 11:8.
7. How did Christ reprove Simon for misjudging Him in
permitting a woman who was a sinner to wash His feet?
"And He turned to the woman, and said unto Simon, Seest
thou this woman? I entered into thine house, thou gayest Me no
water for My feet: but she hath washed My feet with tears, and
wiped them with the hairs of her head." Luke 7:44.
[4951
496 BIBLE READINGS

8. What question did Peter ask concerning this proffered

service?
"Then cometh He to Simon Peter: and Peter saith unto
Him, Lord, dost Thou wash my feet?" John 13: 6.
9. What answer did Jesus make?
"Jesus answered and said unto him, What I do thou knowest
not now; but thou shalt know hereafter." Verse 7.
10. How did Peter feel about the Saviour's washing his feet?
"Peter saith unto Him, Thou shalt never wash my feet."
Verse 8.
11. What was the Master's reply to Peter?
"Jesus answered him, If I wash thee not, thou hast no part
with Me." Same verse.
NOTE.- This ordinance is a type of a higher cleansing,— the cleans-
ing of the heart from the stain of sin. It is a rebuke to all selfishness and
seeking of place and preferment among Christ's professed followers, and a
witness t9 the fact that, in God's sight, it is true humility and loving serv-
ice which constitute real greatness.
12. Learning that union with Christ depended on this serv-
ice, what did Peter say?
"Simon Peter saith unto Him, Lord, not my feet only, but
also my hands and my head." Verse 9. See verse 10.
13. After having washed their feet, what did Christ say?
"I have given you an example, that ye should do as I have
done to you." Verse 15.
14. What did He say about their washing one another's feet?
"Ye call Me Master and Lord: and ye say well; for so I am.
If I then, your Lord and Master, have washed your feet; ye also
ought to wash one another's feet." Verses 13, 14.
15. What did Christ say would be their experience in obey-
ing His instruction?
"If ye know these things, happy are ye if ye do them."
Verse 17.
16. How does Christ regard an act performed toward the
humblest of His disciples?
"Inasmuch as ye have done it unto one of the least of these
My brethren, ye have done it unto Me." Matt. 25:40.
 PART XV
Admonitions and Warnings
PRIDE
1. How does the Lord regard pride?
"Six things doth the Lord hate: . . . a proud look," etc.
Prov. 6: 16-19.
2. Of what is pride a forerunner?
"Pride goeth before destruction, and an haughty spirit before
a fall." Prov. 16: 18. See Prov. 29: 23.
3. What was the cause of Satan's downfall?
"Thine heart was lifted up because of thy beauty." Eze. 28: 17.
4. What is God's attitude toward the proud?
"God rssisteth the proud." James 4: 6. See Ps. 40:4;
101:5; 138:6; 1 Tim. 6:4.
5. Why should we not indulge in pride?
"An high look, and a proud heart, . . . is sin." Prov. 21:4.
6. What is to be one of the sins of the last days?
"Men shall be . . . proud." 2 Tim. 3:2..
7. How are the proud now generally regarded?
"Now we call the proud happy." Mal. 3: 15.
8. What is to be the fate of the proud?
"All the proud . . . shall be stubble: and the day that
cameth shall burn them up." Mal. 4: 1.

SELFISHNESS
1. WHAT great commandment excludes selfishness?
"Thou shalt love thy neighbor as thyself." Matt. 22: 39.
2. What sin is forbidden by the tenth commandment?
"Thou shalt not covet." Ex. 20: 17.
3. What sins are to characterize the last days?
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498 BIBLE READINGS
" Men shall be lovers of their own selves, covetous." 2 Tim. 3: 2.
4. How prevalent is this sin of self-seeking?
"For all seek their own, not the things which are Jesus
Christ's." Phil. 2: 21.
5. What does charity not do?
"Charity . . . seeketh not her own." 1 Cor. 13:4, 5.
6. How are we admonished with regard to selfishness?
"Let no man seek his own." 1 Cor. 10: 24. "Look not
every man on his own things, but every man also on the things
of others." Phil. 2: 4. "Even as I please all men in all things,
not seeking mine own profit, but the profit of many, that they
may be saved." 1 Cor. 10:33. "Let every one of us please
his neighbor for his good to edification." Rom. 15: 2.
7. What example of unselfishness did Christ leave us?
"For your sakes He became poor." 2 Cor. 8:9. "Even
Christ pleased not Himself." Rom. 15: 3. See 1 John 3: 17.

COVETOUSNESS
1. WHAT warning did Christ give concerning covetousness?
"And He said unto them, Take heed, and beware of covet-
ousness: for a man's life consisteth not in the abundance of the
things which he possesseth." Luke 12: 15.
2. What commandment forbids this sin?
"Thou shalt not covet." Ex. 20: 17.
Covetous: "Inordinately desirous; excessively eager to obtain and
possess (especially money); avaricious."— Webster.
3. What showed this principle to have been strong in the
rich man who already had abundance?
"And he said, This will I do: I will pull down my barns, and
build greater; and there will I bestow all my fruits and my goods.
And I will say to my soul, Soul, thou hast much goods laid up for
many years; take thine ease, eat, drink, and be merry." Luke 12:
18, 19.
4. What did God say to him?
"But God said unto him, Thou fool, this night thy soul shall
be required of thee: then whose shall those things be, which thou hast
provided?" Verse 20.
 COVETOUSNESS 499
5. What application of this parable did the Saviour make?
"So is he that layeth up treasure for himself, and is not rich
toward God." Verse 21.
6. What does Paul call covetousness?
"Mortify therefore your members which are upon the earth;
fornication, uncleanness, inordinate affection, evil concupis-
cence, and covetousness, which is idolatry." Col. 3: 5.
Nan.— "Do not wade far out into the dangerous sea of this world's
comfort. Take the good that God provides you, but say of it, 'It passeth
away;' for indeed it is but a temporary supply for a temporary need.
Never suffer your goods to become your god."— Spurgeon.
7. What do these sins bring upon mankind?
"For which things' sake the wrath of God cometh on the,
children of disobedience." Verse 6.
8. What double service did Christ say is impossible?
"Ye cannot serve God and mammon." Luke 16: 13.
9. Of what sin were the Pharisees guilty?
"And the Pharisees also, who were covetous, heard all these
things: and they derided Him." Verse 14.
10. What reply did Christ make?
"And He said unto them, Ye are they which justify your-
selves before men; but God knoweth your hearts: for that which
is highly esteemed among men is abomination in the sight of God."
Verse 15.
11. How does the Lord regard the covetous?
"For the wicked boasteth of his heart's desire, and blesseth
the covetous, whom the Lord abhorreth." Ps. 10: 3.
12. What did this sin lead Achan to do?
"When I saw among the spoils a goodly Babylonish garment,
and two hundred shekels of silver, and a wedge of gold, . . .
I coveted them, and took them." Joshua 7:21.
13. What did covetousness lead Judas to do?
"And Judas Iscariot, one of the twelve, went unto the chief
priests, to betray Him unto them. And when they heard it,
they were glad, and promised to give him money. And he sought
how he might conveniently betray Him." Mark 14: 10, 11.
14. Why are the last days to be perilous?
500 BIBLE READINGS

"This know also, that in the last days perilous times shall
come. For men shall be lovers of their own selves, covetous,
boasters, proud, blasphemers." 2 Tim. 3: 1, 2.
15. What parable did Christ give to correct the false idea
of the Pharisees that wealth was a sign of special favor with
God? •
The parable ort1e richman and Lazarus. e 16.1611- .
16. What did He point out as one of the dangers of the pos-
session of wealth?
"And Jesus looked round about, and saith unto His dis-
ciples, How hardly shall they that have riches enter into the king-
dom of God ! . . . Jesus answereth again, and saith unto
them, Children, how hard is it for them that trust in riches to enter
into the kingdom of God!" Mark 10: 23, 24. .
NOTE.- And how hard it is for those who have riches not to trust
in them!
17. As a rule, what class generally accept the gospel?
"Harken, my beloved brethren, Hath not God chosen the
poor of this world rich in faith, and heirs of the kingdom which
He hath promised to them that love Him?" James 2: 5.
18. How difficult did Christ say it is for a rich man to enter
the kingdom of God?
"It is easier for a camel to go through the eye of a needle,
than for a rich man to enter into the kingdom of God." Mark
10:25.
Num.— If Christ here referred to a small, low gate in the walls of
Jerusalem, called "The Needle's Eye," as is thought by some, the force of
the statement still remains; for, before a camel could pass through this
gate, it was necessary that he should be relieved of his burden, and get
down on his knees and creep through.
19. Why was the rich young man desiring salvation, un-
willing to sell what he had and give alms, as Christ told him
to do?
"But when the young man heard that saying, he went away
sorrowful: for he had great possessions." Matt. 19: 16.
20. What is the love of money declared to be?
"For the love of money is the root of all evil." 1 Tim. 6: 10.
21. What evils befall those who are determined to be rich?
"But they that will be rich fall into temptation and a snare,
 COVETOUSNESS 501'
and into many foolish and hurtful lusts, which drown men in
destruction and perdition." Verse 9.
22. Who gives man the power to get wealth?
"But thou shalt remember the Lord thy God: for it is He
that giveth thee power to get wealth." Deut. 8: 18.
23. How may all, rich and poor, honor God?
"Honor the Lord with thy substance, and with the first-fruits
of all thine increase." Prov. 3: 9.
24. What caution is given concerning riches?
"If riches increase, set not your heart upon them." Ps. 62: 10.
25. Can riches be retained to men's hurt?
"There is a sore evil which I have seen under the sun,
namely, riches kept for the owners thereof to their hurt." Eccl.
5: 13.
26. What charge is given to the rich?
" Charge them that are rich in this world, that they be not
high-minded, nor trust in uncertain riches, but in the living God,
who giveth us richly all things to enjoy; that they do good,
that they be rich in good works, ready to distribute, willing to
communicate; laying up in store for themselves a good founda-
tion against the time to come, that they may lay hold on eternal
life." 1 Tim. 6: 17-19.
27. What makes rich without adding sorrow?
"The blessing of the Lord, it maketh rich, and He addeth no
sorrow .with it." Prov. 10: 22.
28. How are true riches obtained?
"By humility and the fear of the Lord are riches, and honor,
and life." Prov. 22: 4.
29. How did Moses esteem the reproach of Christ?
"Esteeming the reproach of Christ greater riches than the
treasures in Egypt: for he had respect unto the recompense of
the reward." Heb. 11:26.
30. What two classes of rich men are mentioned in the Bible?
"There is that maketh himself rich, yet hath nothing: there
is that maketh himself poor, yet hath great riches." Prov. 13: 7.
NOTE.- In Luke 12: 16-20 is an example of the first class; in Acts
4: 3437 are examples of the second.
502 BIBLE READINGS
31. What solemn warning is addressed to the rich who, in
the last days, have heaped up treasure, and oppressed the poor?
"Go to now, ye rich men, weep and howl for your miseries
that shall come upon you. Your riches are corrupted, and your
garments are moth-eaten. Your gold and silver is cankered;
and the-rust of 4letalw ohs& be a witness-against vertt; crnit stitaTitt
your flesh as it were fire. Ye have heaped treasure together for
the last days. Behold, the hire of the laborers who have reaped
down your fields, which is of you kept back by fraud, crieth:
and the cries of them which have reaped are entered into the
ears of the Lord of sabaoth. Ye have lived in pleasure on the
earth, and been wanton; ye have nourished your hearts, as in a
day of slaughter." James 5: 1-5.
32. Will silver or gold be able to deliver in the day of wrath?
"Neither their silver nor their gold shall be able to deliver
them in the day of the Lord's wrath." Zeph. 1: 18. See also
Prov. 11:4.
33. What will the rich men do with their money then?
"They shall cast their silver in the streets, and their gold shall
be removed: their silver and their gold shall not be able to deliver
them in the day of the wrath of the Lord: they shall not satisfy
their souls, neither fill their bowels: because it is the stumbling-
block of their iniquity." Eze. 7: 19.
Noma.— When the steamer "Central America," with nearly six
hundred passengers aboard, was wrecked off Cape Hatteras, Sept. 12,
1857, in a fearful storm, many of the passengers who were returning miners
from the gold-mines of California, divested themselves of their treasure
belts and scattered the gold upon the cabin floors, telling those to take it
who would, lest its weight about their persons should carry them to their
death. "Full purses, containing in some instances thousands of dollars,
lay around untouched. Carpetbags were opened, and the shining metal
was poured out on the floor with the prodigality of death's despair. One
of the passengers opened a bag and dashed about the cabin twenty thousand
dollars in gold-dust, and told him who wanted to gratify his greed for gold
to take it. But it was passed by untouched, as the veriest dross."—"Our
First Century," pages 642, 643.
When the steamship "Arctic" was lost from a collision in mid-ocean,
Sept. 20, 1854, one passenger offered thirty thousand pounds sterling, or
one hundred and fifty thousand dollars, if the life-boats would put back
to save him. They turned to do so, but he sank before they reached him.
— Id., page 614.
34. As stewards of God's gifts, what are we told to do?
"And I say unto you, Make to yourselves friends of the mam-
mon of unrighteousness; that, when ye fail, they may receive you
 COVETOUSNESS 503
into everlasting habitations." Luke 16: 9. "As every man
hath received the gift, even so minister the same one to another,
as good stewards of the manifold grace of God." 1 Peter 4: 10.

DEBTS
1. WHAT general rule is laid down in the Bible respecting
the meeting of obligations?
"Render therefore to all their dues: tribute to whom tribute
is due; custom to whom custom. . . . Owe no man anything,
but to love one another." Rom. 13: 7, 8.
2. In what condition is one who borrows?
"The borrower is servant to the lender." Prov. 22: 7.
3. To what extent is one responsible for that borrowed?
"And if a man borrow aught of his neighbor, and it be hurt,
or die, . . . he shall surely make it good." Ex. 22: 14.
4. Why did the young man in Elisha's time feel so bad
about the loss of an ax head?
"But as one was felling a beam, the ax head fell into the
water: and he cried, and said, Alas, master! for it was borrowed."
2 Kings 6: 5.
5. What miracle was wrought by Elisha for its restoration?
"And he cut down a stick, and cast it in thither; and the
iron did swim." Verse 6.
NOTE.— From this we may learn God's willingness to help those who
honestly seek to meet their obligations.
6. How does the good man guide his affairs?
"A good man showeth favor, and lendeth: he will guide his
affairs with discretion." Ps. 112: 5.
7. To what should those listen who lack business discretion?
"Poverty and shame shall be to him that refuseth instruc-
tion: but he that regardeth reproof shall be honored." Prov.
13: 18.
NOTE.— It is wise for those who, from lack of natural business ability,
find themselves constantly running mto debt, to seek advice and counsel
from those endowed with more wisdom in such matters.
8. Which of Christ's parables teaches business discretion?
"For which of you, intending to build a tower, sitteth not
down first, and counteth the cost, whether he have sufficient
u to finish
504 BIBLE READINGS
it? Lest haply, after he hath laid the foundation, and is not
able to finish it, all that behold it begin to mock him, saying,
This man began to build, and was not able to finish." Luke
14: 28-30.
9. How were means provided for building the tabernacle?
-"And IVIOge.'s-Splike-linto ATI congregation of the-children
of Israel, saying, This is the thing which the Lord commanded,
saying, Take ye from among you an offering unto the Lord:
whosoever is of a willing heart, let him bring it, an offering of
the Lord; gold, and silver, and brass," etc. Ex. 35: 4-9.
10. What provision did David make for building the temple?
"I have prepared with all my might for the house of my
God." 1 Chron. 29: 2.
11. How did the people respond to his call for contributions?
"Then the chief of the fathers and princes . . . offered
willingly. . . . Then the people rejoiced, for that they
offered willingly, because with perfect heart they offered willingly
to the Lord: and David the king also rejoiced with great joy."
Verses 6-9.
12. When King Jehoash wished to repair the temple, what
provision did he make for raising the necessary means?
"'And Jehoash said to the priests, All the money of the
dedicated things that is brought into the house of the Lord,
. . . and all the money that cometh into any man's heart
to bring into the house of the Lord, let the priests take it to
them, every man of his acquaintance: and let them repair the
breaches of the house, wheresoever any breach shall be found."
2 Kings 12: 4, 5.
13. When, after sixteen years, it was found that these re-
pairs had not yet been made, what was done?
"Jehoiada the priest took a chest, and bored a hole in the lid
of it, and set it beside the altar, on the right side as one cometh into
the house of the Lord: and the priests that kept the door put
therein all the money that was brought into the house of the
Lord." Verse 9.
14. What was done with the money thus raised?
"They gave the money . . . into the hands of them
that did the work, . . . and they laid it out to the carpen-
ters and builders, that wrought upon the house of the Lord."
Verse 11.
 DEBTS 505
NOTES.-These examples furnish good lessons on financing gospel
enterprises. In each instance, it will be noticed, the means were provided
before the work of building was begun.- No debt, therefore, was created.
In all business transactions this plan is an excellent one to follow.
"Debt! There is no worse demoralizer of character. The sad
records of defaulting, embezzling, and dishonest failure which we meet
with so constantly in the daily press are often, indeed most frequently,
the result of the demoralization of debt, and the consequent desperate
efforts of extraction. The financial props have given way. . . . Debt
ruins as many households and destroys as many fine characters as rum;
it is the devil's mortgage on the soul, and he is always ready to foreclose.
Pay all your bills. Look every man in the face, conscious that you owe
the world no more than it owes you. Be indebted for nothing but love,
and even that be sure you pay in kind, and that payments are frequent."
— Talmage.
"This running into debt is a great cause of dishonesty. . . .
Young men are growing quite shameless about being in debt; and the im-
morality extends throughout society. Tastes are becoming more extrava-
gant and luxurious, without the corresponding increase of means to enable
them to be gratified. But they are gratified nevertheless; and debts are
incurred, which afterwards weigh like a millstone round the neck. . . .
The safest plan is to run up no bills, and never get into debt; and the next is
if one does get into debt, to get out of it again as quickly as possible. A
man in debt is not his own master: he is at the mercy of the tradesman he
employs. . . . No man can be free who is in debt. The inevitable
effect of debt is not only to injlire personal independence, but, in the long
run, to inflict moral degradation. The debtor is exposed to constant
humiliations."—" Thrift, by Samuel Smiles, pages 2.43, 247.
The following testimony on this subject is borne by a Chicago lady,
who had been happily wedded for fifty years. "I know why John and I
have been happy during these fifty years. In the first place, we have
made it a rule never to go in debt. I have lived in Chicago sixty-eight
years, and never during that time have I owed a person a cent. . . .
I believe a good deal of unhappiness is caused by spending more than you
make. It has been our policy to buy what we could well afford to have,
and then stop."— Chicago Tribune, Aug. 24,190L.

RESPECT OF PERSONS
1. OF what has God made all nations?
"And hath made of one blood all nations of men for to dwell
on all the face of the earth, and hath determined the times before
appointed, and the bounds of their habitation." Acts 17: 26.
2. To how many is God good?
"The Lord is good to all: and His tender mercies are over all
His works." Ps. 145:9.
3. Is God a respecter of persons?
Neither doth God respect any person." 2 Sam. 14: 14.
4. Who is accepted with God? -
"Then Peter opened his mouth, and said, Of a truth I per-
 506 BIBLE READINGS

ceive that God is no respecter of persons: but in every nation

he that feareth Him, and worketh righteousness, is accepted with
Him." Acts 10: 34, 35.
5. What prohibitions are given in the Scriptures against
having respect of persons?
-"Ye-straltitet-respectpersons-in went; but' ye-stralt bent
the small as well as the great; ye shall not be afraid of the face of
man." Deut. 1: 17. "Ye shall do no unrighteousness in judg-
ment: thou shalt not respect the person of the poor, nor honor .
the person of the mighty: but in righteousness shalt thou judge
thy neighbor." Lev. 19: 15. "Blessed is that man that
. . . respecteth not the proud, nor such as turn aside to
lies." Ps. 40:4.
6. Of what are those guilty who respect persons?
"If ye have respect to persons, ye commit sin, and are con-
vinced of the law as transgressors. James 2: 9. "He that
despiseth his neighbor sinneth." Prov. 14: 21.
7. By what illustration is this sin made plain?
"My brethren, have not the faith of our Lord Jesus Christ,
the Lord of glory, with respect of persons. For if there come
unto your assembly a man with a gold ring, in goodly apparel,
and there come in also a poor man in vile raiment; and ye have
respect to him that weareth the gay clothing, and say unto him,
Sit thou here in a good place; and say to the poor, Stand thou
there, or sit here under my footstool: are ye not then partial
in yourselves, and are become judges of evil thoughts?" James
2: 1-4.
8. What led to the appointment of deacons in the early
Christian church?
"And in those days, when the number of the disciples was
. multiplied, there arose a murmuring of the Grecians against the
Hebrews, because their widows were neglected in the daily minis-
tration." Acts 6: 1.
9. What mistake did Peter and others make some years
later in their conduct?
"But when Peter was come to Antioch, I withstood him to
the face, because he was to be blamed. For before that certain
came from James, he did eat with the Gentiles: but when they
were come, he withdrew and separated himself, fearing them which
were of the circumcision. And the other Jews dissembled like-
wise with him; insomuch that Barnabas also was carried away
with their dissimulation." Gal. 2: 11-13.
 RESPECT OF PERSONS 507
10. How are all national, unholy, and unjust distinctions
among men swept away in Christ?
"For as many of you as have been baptized into Christ have
put on Christ. There is neither Jew nor Greek, there is neither
bond nor free, there is neither male nor female: for ye are all one
in Christ Jesus." Gal. 3: 27, 28. See also Col. 3: 11.

BACKSLIDING
1. How does God regard backsliding?
"Thy backslidings shall reprove thee: . . . it is an
evil thing and bitter, that thou hast forsaken the Lord thy God; and
that My fear is not in thee, saith the Lord God of hosts." Jer.
2: 19. "If any man draw back, My soul shall have no pleasure
in him." Heb. 10: 38.
2. What has ever been the tendency of God's people?
"My people are bent to backsliding from Me." Hosea 11: 7.
3. What inevitably leads to departure from God? `
"Take heed, brethren, lest there be in any of you an evil
heart of unbelief, in departing from the living God." Heb. 3: 12.
NoTE.— Unbelief is "the sin which doth so easily beset us." Heb.
12: 1.
4. In what ways did the constant backsliding of the people
of Jerusalem manifest itself?
"Why then is this people of Jerusalem slidden back by a
perpetual backsliding? they hold fast deceit, they refuse to return.
I harkened and heard, but they spake not aright: no man repented
him of his wickedness, saying, What have I done? every one turned
to his course, as the horse rusheth into the battle." Jer. 8: 5, 6.
5. To what is backsliding likened?
"Surely as a wife treacherously departeth from her husband,
so have ye dealt treacherously with Me, 0 house of Israel,
saith the Lord." Jer. 3: 20.
6. To regain God's favor, what must the backslider do?
"Only acknowledge thine iniquity, that thou halt transgressed
against the Lord thy God, and hast scattered thy ways to the
strangers under every green tree, and ye have not obeyed My
voice, saith the Lord." Verse 13.
7. On what condition does God promise mercy to sinners?
508 BIBLE READINGS

"Let the wicked forsake his way, and the unrighteous man his
thoughts: and let him return unto the Lord, and He will have mercy
upon him; and to our God, for He will abundantly pardon."
Isa. 55: 7.
8. Why must the wicked forsake their thoughts and ways?
"Irdr Nf3, -thotightt-are' not rur, thoughts, neither are your
ways My ways, saith the Lord."Verse 8.
NOTE.- God desires that we shall think His thoughts, which are
right thoughts, pure thoughts, everlasting thoughts. He desires also that
we shall take on His ways, which are ways of pleasantness, and walk in
His paths, which are paths of peace.
9. What is especially necessary to prevent backsliding?
"Watch ye and pray, lest ye enter into temptation. The spirit
truly is ready, but the flesh is weak." Mark 14: 38.
10. What are believers exhorted to do?
"Examine yourselves, whether ye be in the faith; prove your
own selves. Know ye not your own selves, how that Jesus
Christ is in you, except ye be reprobates?" 2 Cor. 13: 5.
11. If one has God's law in the heart, whit will not occur?
"The law of his God is in his heart; none of his steps shall
slide." Ps. 37: 31.
12. What is one characteristic of backsliding?
"Even from the days of your fathers ye are gone away from
Mine ordinances, and have not kept them. Return unto Me, and
I will return unto you, saith the Lord of hosts. But ye said,
Wherein shall we return?" Mal. 3: 7.
13. In response, what neglected ordinance does God cite?
"Will a man rob God? Yet ye have robbed Me. But ye
say, Wherein have we robbed Thee? In tithes and offerings."
Verse 8.
14.What remedy is indicated?
"Bring ye all the tithes into the storehouse, that there may be
meat in Mine house, and prove Me now herewith, saith the Lord
of hosts, if I will not open you the windows of heaven, and pour
you out a blessing, that there shall not be room enough to re-
ceive it." Verse 10.
15. Because of Christ's plain teachings, what did some of
His disciples do?
"From that time many of His disciples went back, and walked
no more with Him." John 6: 66.
 BACKSLIDING 509
16. When the backslider repents, what does God do?
"Take with you words, and turn to the Lord: say unto Him,
Take away all iniquity, and receive us graciously: so will we
render the calves of our lips. . . . I will heal their backslid-
ing, I will love them freely: for Mine anger is turned away from
him." Hosea 14: 2-4:
17. Will there be special danger of backsliding in the last
days?
"And because iniquity shall abound, the love of many shall
wax cold." Matt. 24: 12.
18. What are some of the evils against which we are specially
warned at this time?
"And take heed to yourselves, lest at any time your hearts
be overcharged with surfeiting, and drunkenness, and cares of
this life, and so that day come upon you unawares." Luke
21: 34.
19. In view of the perils surrounding us, what are we told
to do?
"Watch ye therefore, and pray always, that ye may be ac-
counted worthy to escape all these things that shall come to
pass, and to stand before the Son of man." Verse 36.

UNBELIEF
1. WART warning is given in the Bible concerning unbelief?
"Take heed, brethren, lest there be in any of you an evil
heart of unbelief, in departing from the living God." Heb. 3: 12.
2. Without faith, what is impossible?
"Without faith it is impossible to please Him." Heb. 11: 6.
3. How only can we be justified?
"Being justified by faith, we have peace with God through
our Lord Jesus Christ." Rom. 5: 1.
4. By what do the just live?
"Now the just shall live by faith" Heb. 10: 38.
NorE.— If men are justified by faith, and are to live by faith, it follows
that to be unbelieving is not to be justified, and consequently not to live in
the sense here referred to.
5. In whom does the Lord have no pleasure?
510 BIBLE READINGS

"But if any man draw back, My soul shall have no pleasure

in him." Same verse.
6. What kind of report did the ten spies bring back con-
cerning the promised land?
"They brought up an evil report of the land which they had
searched." Num. 13: n.
7. What did Caleb say of the ability of Israel to take it?
"Let us go up at once, and possess it; for we are well able to
overcome it." Verse 30.
8. What did the ten spies say?
"But the men that went up with him said, We be not able to
go up against the people; for they are stronger than we." Verse 31.
9. Why did not Israel attain to the standard of righteous-
ness?
"But Israel, which followed after the law of righteousness,
hath not attained to the law of righteousness. Wherefore?
Because they sought it not by faith." Rom. 9:31, 32.
10. When told of the disciples' failure to heal an afflicted
son, what did Christ say of that generation?
"He answereth him, and saith, 0 faithless generation, how
long shall I be with you? how long shall I suffer you? bring him
unto Me." Mark 9: 19.
11. What did Christ say to Thomas because he did not be-
lieve the testimony of his brethren concerning His resurrection?
"Reach hither thy finger, and behold My hands; and reach
hither thy hand, and thrust it into My side: and be not faithless,
but believing." John 20: 27.
NOTE.— The Lord rebuked Thomas for his unbelief, because he would
not accept the testimony of so many credible witnesses who had seen Him.
How much more reprehensible is that unbelief which holds out against the
present "cloud of witnesses" of prophecy fulfilled and fulfilling!
12. After speaking of the numerous examples of faith pre-
sented in Hebrews 11, what does Paul exhort us to do?
"Wherefore seeing we also are compassed about with so
great a cloud of witnesses, let us lay aside every weight, and the
sin which doth so easily beset us, and let us run with patience
the race that is set before us." Heb. 12: 1.
NOTE.— The "every weight" here spoken of includes those traits of
character and habits of life that retard or hinder our running successfully
 UNBELIEF 511
the Christian race. These are to be laid aside. But there is one thing
referred to here that is more than a weight; it is a sin, and one that easily
besets us all,— the sin of unbelief. To be unbelieving, therefore, is sinful.
13. Why did many fail to enter into God's rest anciently?
"And to whom sware He that they should not enter into
His rest, but to them that believed not? So we see that they
could not enter in because of unbelief." Heb. 3: 18, 19.
14. How are these unbelieving ones spoken of?
"But with whom was He grieved forty years? was it not with
them that had sinned, whose carcasses fell in the wilderness?"
Verse 17.
15. What lesson should we learn from their course?
"Let us therefore fear, lest, a promise being left us of enter-
ing into His rest, any of you should seem to come short of it."
Heb. 4: 1.
Norm— God does not change. If He wasgrieved at the unbelief
of the Israelites, and refused them admittance to Canaan in consequence,
He cannot permit us to enter the heavenly rest as long as we indulge in
unbelief.
16. What should all labor to do?
"Let us labor therefore to enter into that rest, lest any man
fall after the same example of unbelief." Verse 11.
17. Against what are we warned when rebuked of God?
"My son, despise not thou the chastening of the Lord,
nor faint when thou art rebuked of Him." Heb. 12: 5.
18. Whom does the Lord chasten?
"For whom the Lord loveth He chasteneth, and scourgeth every
son whom He receiveth." Verse 6.
19. When God made a promise to Abraham that seemed im-
possible of fulfilment, how did the patriarch receive it?
"He staggered not at the promise of God through unbelief;
but was strong in faith, giving glory to God." Rom. 4: 20.
20. For what was Abraham's faith counted?
"For what saith the scripture? Abraham believed God,
and it was counted unto him for righteousness." Verse 3.
21. When troubled with doubts, how should we pray?
"Lord, I believe; help Thou mine unbelief." Mark 9: 24.
22. What is promised those who believe when they pray?
512 BIBLE READINGS

"Therefore I say unto you, What things soever ye desire,

when ye pray, believe that ye receive them, and ye shall have
them." Mark 11:24.

1. WHAT warning does Christ give concerning judging?

"Judge not, that ye be not judged." Matt. 7: 1.
2. What is Satan called in the Scriptures?
"The accuser of our brethren . . . which accused them
before our God day and night." Rev. 12: 10.
NOTE. -Then when we judge, accuse, and condemn one another, we
are doing the work of Satan.
3. If we bite and devour one another, what may we expect?
"But if ye bite and devour one another, take heed that ye be
not consumed one of another." Gal. 5: 15.
4. Before attempting to judge, criticize, or correct others,
what should we first do?
"And why beholdest thou the mote that is in thy brother's
eye, but considerest not the beam that is in thine own eye? Or
how wilt thou say to thy brother, Let me pull out the mote
out of thine eye: and, behold, a beam is in thine own eye? Thou
hypocrite, first cast out the beam out of thine own eye; and then
shalt thou see clearly to cast out the mote out of thy brother's
eye." Matt. 7: 3-5.
5. What did Christ say He did not come to do?
"If any man hear My words, and believe not, I judge him
not: for I came not to judge the world, but to save the world."
"For God sent not His Son into the world to condemn the world;
but that the world through Him might be saved." John 12:
47; 3: 17.
6. What question does Paul ask concerning judging?
"Who art thou that judgest another man's servant? to his own
master he standeth or falleth." Rom. 14: 4.
7. To whom are all to give account?
"So then every one of us shall give account of himself to
God." Verse 12.
8. What exhortation, therefore, does the apostle give?
 JUDGING 513
"Let us not therefore judge one another any more: but judge
this rather, that no man put a stumbling-block or an occasion
to fall in his brother's way." Verse 13.
9. Instead of railing on His enemies, what did Christ do?
"Who, when He was reviled, reviled not again. when He
suffered, He threatened not; but committed Himself to Him that
judgeth righteously." 1 Peter 2: 23.
10. Wherein do man's judging and God's judging differ?
"For the Lord seeth not as man seeth; for man looketh on
the outward appearance, but the Lord looketh on the heart." 1 Sam.
16: 7. "Ye are they which justify yourselves before men; but
God knoweth your hearts: for that which is highly esteemed among
men is abomination in the sight of God." Luke 16: 15.
11. How does Christ tell us to judge?
"Judge not according to the appearance, but judge righteous
judgment." John 7: 24.
12. How, by whom, and in what spirit should those having
committed faults be dealt with?
"Brethren, if a man be overtaken in a fault, ye which are
spiritual, restore such an one in the spirit of meekness; consider-
ing thyself, lest thou also be tempted." Gal. 6: 1.
13. Of what are those generally guilty who judge others?
"Therefore thou art inexcusable, 0 man, whosoever thou
art that judgest: for wherein thou judgest another, thou con-
demnest thyself; for thou that judged doest the same things."
Rom. 2: 1.
14. Whom are we not likely to judge and condemn?
"For if we would judge ourselves, we should not be judged."
1 Cor. 11: 31.
15. What instruction does James give regarding judging?
"Speak not evil one of another, brethren. He that speaketh
evil of his brother, and judgeth his brother, speaketh evil of the
law, and judgeth law: but if thou judge the law, thou art
not a doer of the law, but a judge." James 4: 11. See Titus 3: 2.
16. Why is it safer not to judge and condemn others?
"Judge not, and ye shall not be judged : condemn not, and ye
shall not be condemned." Luke 6: 37. "For with what judg-
33
514 BIBLE READINGS
ment ye judge, ye shall be judged: and with what measure ye mete, it
shall be measured to you again." Matt. 7: 2. See Ps. 18: 25, 26.
17. To what time are we exhorted to defer judgment?
"Therefore judge nothing before the time, until the Lord
come, who both will bring to light the hidden thing
s of darkness
and will Make manitestthe-counsels-of-the heart...". -LCor— 4.;Z:

GOSSIPING AND BACKBITING

1. WHAT does the ninth commandment forbid?
"Thou shalt not bear false witness against thy neighbor."
Ex. 20: 16.
NOTE.- The evident object of this commandment is to guard the
rights, interests, and reputation of our neighbor, by guarding our conversa-
tion, and confining our words to that which is strictly true.
2. What instruction did John the Baptist give. the soldiers
who asked of him advice regarding the way of life?
"And he said unto them, Do violence to no man, neither
accuse any falsely; and be content with your wages." Luke 3: 14.
3. What is one test of a perfect man?
"If any man offend not in word, the same is a perfect man,
and able also to bridle the whole body." James 3: 2.
4. How did Christ teach the importance of guarding our
speech?
"But I say unto you, That every idle word that men shall
speak, they shall give account thereof in the day of judgment.
For by thy words thou shalt be justified, and by thy words thou
shalt be condemned." Matt. 12: 36, 37.
5. To whom are our words all known?
"For there is not a word in my tongue, but, lo, 0 Lord, Thou
knowest it altogether." Ps. 139: 4.
6. Of what are one's words an index?
"Out of the abundance of the heart the mouth speaketh."
Matt. 12:34.
7. What conduct is condemned by the Scriptures?
"Thou shalt not go up and down as a talebearer among thy
people: neither shalt thou stand against the blood of thy neigh-
bor: I am the Lord." Lev. 19: 16.
8. To what are the words of a talebearer compared?
 GOSSIPING AND BACKBITING 515
"The words of a talebearer are as wounds." Prov. 26: 22.
9. What is their effect?
"He that covereth a transgression seeketh love; but he that
repeateth a matter separateth very friends." Prov. 17: 9.
10. What would follow if there were no talebearers?
"Where no wood is, there the fire goeth out: so where there
is no talebearer, the strife ceaseth." Prov. 26: 20.
11. Among other things, what did Paul fear he would find
in the Corinthian church?
"For I fear, lest, when I come, I shall not find yoh such as
I would, and that I shall be found unto you such as ye would
not: lest there be debates, envyings, wraths, strifes, backbitings,
whisperings, swellings, tumults." 2 Cor. 12: 20.
12. What result follows backbiting and like evils?
"For all the law is fulfilled in one word, even in this; Thou
shalt love thy neighbor as thyself. But if ye bite and devour
one another, take heed that ye be not consumed one of another."
Gal. 5: 14, 15.
13. How may a backbiting tongue be rebuked?
"The north wind driveth away rain: so doth an angry counte-
nance a backbiting tongue." Prov. 25: 23.
14. To whom is the promise made of abiding in the taber-
nacle of the Lord, and dwelling in His holy hill?
"He that walketh uprightly, and worketh righteousness,
and speaketh the truth in his heart. He that backbiteth not with
his tongue, nor doeth evil to his neighbor, nor taketh up a reproach
against his neighbor." Ps. 15: 2, 3.
NOTE.-- "Never carry a sword in your tongue to wound the reputa-
tion of any man," says Kirkle. Noah Webster laid down this rule: "We
should say nothing of a person in his absence that we should be unwilling
to say if he were present." How few govern their conversation according
to this rule! See Prov. 31:10, 26.
15. What caution is given in regard to receiving an accusa-
tion against an elder?
"Against an elder receive not an accusation, but before two
or three witnesses." 1 Tim. 5: 19.
NoPE.— "He that lends an easy and credulous ear to calumny is
either a man of very mean morals, or has no more sense of understanding
than a child."— Menander.
16. Can man, unrenewed by grace, control his tongue?
516 BIBLE READINGS
"For every kind of beasts, and of birds, and of serpents,
and of things in the sea, is tamed, and hath been tamed of man-
kind: but the tongue can no man tame; it is an unruly evil, full of
deadly poison." James 3: 7, 8.
17.„As a guard against the misuse of the power of speech,
therefore, for what shoUld-Welirayt
"Set a watch, 0 Lord, before my mouth; keep the door of
my lips." Ps. 141: 3.
18. What vow did David take against offenses of the tongue?
"I said, I will take heed to my ways, that I sin not with my
tongue: I will keep my mouth with a bridle, while the wicked is
before me." Ps. 39: 1.
19. What is a sure cure for backbiting?
"Thou shalt love thy neighbor as thyself." Matt. 22: 39.
"Whatsoever ye would that men should do to you, do ye even
so to them." Matt. 7: 12. "Speak evil of no man." Titus
3: 2. See also James 4: 11.
20. What are those words like which are fitly spoken?
"A word fitly spoken is like apples of gold in pictures of sil-
ver." Prov. 25: 11.

ENVY, JEALOUSY, AND HATRED

1. WHAT does Solomon say of envy?
"Wrath is cruel, and anger is outrageous; but who is able to
stand before envy?" Prov. 27:4.
2. What is said of jealousy?
"Jealousy is cruel as the grave." Song of Solomon 8: 6.
3. What is said of one who hates his brother?
"Whosoever hateth his brother is a murderer." 1 John 3: 15.
4. What did envy lead the chief priests to do with Christ?
"For he [Pilate] knew that the chief priests had delivered
Him [to be crucified] for envy." Mark 15: 10.
5. What did it lead the Jews to do in Paul's day?
"But when the Jews saw the multitudes, they were filled
with envy, and spake against those things which were spoken by
Paul, contradicting and blaspheming." Acts 13:45.
 ENVY, JEALOUSY, AND HATRED ,517
6. What exists where envy and strife are?
"For where envying and strife is, there is confusion and
every evil work." James 3: 16.
7. Why should the heart be closely watched?
• "Keep thy heart with all diligence; for out of it are the issues
of life." Prov. 4: 23.

HYPOCRISY
1. OF what sin were the Pharisees guilty?
"Beware ye of the leaven of the Pharisees, which is hypoc-
risy." Luke 12: 1.
NOTE.- Hypocrisy is a feigning to be what one is not; dissimulation;
a concealment of one's real character or motives; especially, the assuming
of a false appearance of virtue or religion.
2. How did the Pharisees show themselves to be hypocrites?
"Ye hypocrites well did Esaias prophesy of you, saying,
This people draweth, nigh unto Me with their mouth, and honoreth
Me with their lips; but their heart is far from Me." Matt. 15:
7, 8.
3. How did they make void one of God's commandments?
"For God commanded, saying, Honor thy father and
mother. . . . But ye say, Whosoever shall say to his father
or his mother, It is a gift, by whatsoever thou mightest be prof-
ited by me; and honor not his father or his mother, he shall be
free. Thus have ye made the commandment of God of none effect
by your tradition. Verses 4-6.
4. How did Christ say hypocrites pray?
"And when thou prayest, thou shalt not be as the hypocrites
are: for they love to pray standing in the synagogues and in the
corners of the streets, that they may be seen of men. Verily I say
unto you, They have their reward." Matt. 6: 5.
5. What does Christ call one who readily sees the faults of
others, but does not see nor correct his own?
"Thou hypocrite, first cast out the beam out of thine own
eye; and then shalt thou see clearly to cast out the mote out of
thy brother's eye." Matt. 7: 5.
6. How does a hypocrite treat his neighbor?
"An hypocrite with his mouth clestroyeth his neighbor.".
518. BIBLE READINGS
"For as he thinketh in his heart, so is he: Eat and drink, saith
he to thee; but his heart is not with thee." Prov. 11: 9; 23: 7.
7. Which of the apostles was once guilty of dissimulation?
"And the other Jews dissembled likewise with him [Peter];
insomuch that Barnabas also was carried away with their
dissimulation." Gal. 2: 13.
8. Why did Paul say he opposed Peter in this matter?
"But when Peter was come to Antioch, I withstood him to
the face, because he was to be blamed." Verse 11.
9. What did David say he would not do?
"I have not sat with vain persons, neither will I go in with
dissemblers." Ps. 26: 4.
10. How pure should be our love?
"Let love be without dissimulation." Rom. 12: 9.
11. What will become of the hypocrite's hope?
"So are the paths of all that forget God; and the hypocrite's
hope shall perish." Job 8: 13.
12. What is to be the fate of that servant who, while pro-
fessing to love the Lord, shows by his actions that he is worldly,
and is not looking nor longing for His coming?
" The Lord of that servant shall come in a day when he look-
eth not for Him, and in an hour that he is not aware of, and
shall cut him asunder, and appoint him his portion with the hypo-
crites: there shall be weeping and gnashing of teeth." Matt.
24: 50, 51. "The sinners in Zion are afraid; fearfulness hath
surprised the hypocrites." Isa. 33: 14.
13. What is characteristic of heavenly wisdom?
"The wisdom that is from above is first pure, then peace-
able, gentle, and easy to be entreated, full of mercy and good
fruits, without partiality, and without hypocrisy." James 3: 17.

DANGER IN REJECTING LIGHT

1. How does God regard sins of ignorance?
"And the times of this ignorance God winked at; but now
commandeth all men everywhere to repent." Acts 17: 30.
2. To whom is sin imputed?
"Therefore to him that knoweth to do good, and doeth it not,
to him it is sin." James 4: 17.
 DANGER IN REJECTING LIGHT 519
3. In what words did Christ teach the same truth?
"Jesus said unto them, If ye were blind, ye should have no
sin: but now ye say, We see; therefore your sin remaineth."
"If I had not come and spoken unto them, they had not had sin:
but now they have no cloak [margin, excuse] for their sin." John
9:41; 15:22. ' See John 3: 19.
4. In view of this, what instruction does He give?
"Walk while ye have the light, lest darkness come upon you.
. . . While ye have light, believe in the light, that ye may be
the children of light." John 12: 35, 36.
5. Who courts the light?
"Every one that doeth evil hateth the light. . . . But
he that doeth truth cometh to the light, that his deeds may be
made manifest, that they are wrought in God." John 3: 20, 21.

THE JUST RECOMPENSE

1. How has God recompensed men in the past?
"For if the word spoken by angels was steadfast, and every
transgression and disobedience received a just recompense of re-
ward; how shall we escape, if we neglect so great salvation? "
Heb. 2: 2, 3.
2. How are all to be rewarded in the judgment?
"For we must all appear before the judgment-seat of Christ;
that every one may receive the things done in his body, ac-
cording to that he hath done, whether it be good or bad." 2 Cor.
5: 10. "Who will render to every man according to his deeds:
. . . for there is no respect of persons with God." Rom.
2: 6-11. "Be not deceived; God is not mocked: for whatsoever
a man soweth, that shall he also reap." Gal. 6: 7.
3. What will be the reward of the wrong-doer?
"For he that soweth to his flesh shall of the flesh reap cor-
ruption." Verse 8. "Tribulation and anguish, upon every
soul of man that doeth evil." Rom. 2: 9.
4. What will be the recompense of the righteous?
"But he that soweth to the Spirit shall of the Spirit reap
life everlasting." Gal. 6: 8. "But glory, honor, and peace, to
every man that worketh good." Rom. 2: 10.
5. What general rule of recompense is laid down in the Bible?
520 BIBLE READINGS

"Judge not, that ye be not judged. For with what judgment

ye judge, ye shall be judged: and with what measure ye mete, it
shall be measured to you again." Matt. 7: 1, 2. "With the
merciful Thou wilt show Thyself merciful; with an upright
man Thou wilt show Thyself upright; with the pure Thou wilt
show Thyself pure; and with the froward Thou wilt show Thyself
froward." Ps. 18: 25, 26.
6. In view of this, what are we warned not to do?
"Recompense to no man evil for evil." Rom. 12: 17. "Not
rendering evil for evil, or railing for railing: but contrariwise
blessing.' 1 Peter 3: 9.
7. What is said of those who render evil for good?
"Whoso rewardeth evil for good, evil shall not depart from his
house." Prov. 17: 13.
8. What principle of justice should govern us in our dealings?
"Withhold not good from them to whom it is due, when it is
in the power of thine hand to do it." Prov. 3: 27.
9. Where are all to be recompensed?
"Behold, the righteous shall be recompensed in the earth:
much more the wicked and the sinner." Prov. 11: 31.
10. In meting out the final awards, what may we be sure
God will do?
"Shall not the Judge of all the earth do right?" Gen. 18:
25. "Justice and judgment are the habitation of Thy throne:
mercy and truth shall go before Thy face." Ps. 89: 14.
 PART XVI
The Home

THE MARRIAGE INSTITUTION

1. AFTER creating man, what did God say?
"And the Lord God said, It is not good that the man should
be alone." Gen. 2: 18.
2. What, therefore, did God say He would make?
"I will make him an help meet for him." Same verse.
NOTE.— Not a helpmeet nor a helpmate, but — two words — a help
melt for him; that is, fit or suitable for him. The, word meet in the original
means a front, a part opposite, a counterpart, or mate. Man's com-
panion, or help, was to correspond to him. Each was to be suited to the
other's needs.
3. Could such a help be found among the creatures which
God had already made?
"And Adam gave names to all cattle, and to the fowl of the
air, and to every beast of the field; but for Adam there was not
found an help meet for him." Verse 20.
4. What, therefore, did God do?
"And the Lord God caused a deep sleep to fall upon Adam,
and he slept: and He took one of his ribs, and closed up the
flesh instead thereof ; and the rib, which the Lord God had taken
from man, made he a woman, and brought her unto the man."
Verses 21, 22.
NOTE.— How beautiful, in its fulness of meaning, is this simple but
suggestive story, at which skeptics sneer. God did not make man after
the order of the lower animals, but "in His own image." Neither did He
choose man's companion, or "help," from some other order of beings, but
made her from man — of the same substance. And He took this substance,
not from man's feet, that he might have an excuse to degrade, enslave, or
trample upon her; nor from man's head, that woman might assume author-
ity over man; but from man's side, from over his heart, the seat of affections,
that woman might stand at his side as man's equal, and, side by side with
him, together, under God, work out the purpose and destiny of the race,—
man, the strong, the noble, the dignified; woman, the weaker, the sympa-
thetic, the loving. How much more exalted and inspiring is this view than
the theory that man developed from the lower order of aminals
5. What did Adam say as he received his wife from God?
"And Adam said, This is now bone of my bones, and flesh of
[5211
522 BIBLE READINGS

my flesh: she shall be called Woman, because she was taken out
of Man." Verse 23.
6. What great truth was then stated?
"Therefore shall a man leave his father and his mother,
and shall cleave unto his wife: and they shall be one flesh."
Verse 24.
7. In what words does Christ recognize marriage as of God?
"Wherefore they are no more twain, but one flesh. What
therefore God hath joined together, let not man put asunder."
Matt. 19: 6.
Num.— Thus was the marriage institution ordained of God in Eden,
before man sinned. Like the Sabbath, it has come down to us with the
Edenic dews of divine blessing still upon it. It was ordained not only for
the purpose of peopling the earth and perpetuating the race, but to pro-
mote social order and human happiness; to prevent irregular affection;
and, through well-regulated families, to transmit truth, purity, and holiness
from age to age. Around it cluster all the purest and truest joys of home
and the race. When the divine origin of marriage is recognized, and the
divine principles controlling it are obeyed, marriage is indeed a blessing;
but when these are disregarded, untold evils are sure to follow. That
which, rightly used, is of greatest blessing, when abused becomes the
greatest curse.
8. By what commands has God guarded the marriage rela-
tion?
"Thou shalt not commit adultery." "Thou shalt not covet
thy neighbor's wife." Ex. 20: 14, 17.
9. What New Testament injunction is given respecting
marriage?
"Let marriage be had in honor among all, and let the bed be
undefiled: for fornicators and adulterers God will judge." Heb.
13:4, R. V.
NomE.—By many, marriage is lightly regarded — is often made even
a subject of jest. Its divine origin, its great object, and its possibilities
and influences for good or evil are little thought of, and hence it is often
entered into with little idea of its responsibilities or its sacred obligations.
The marriage relationship is frequently used in the Scriptures as a symbol
of the relationship existing between God and His people. See Rom.
7: 14; 2 Cor. 11:2; Hosea 2: 19, 20; Rev. 19: 7.
10. After the fall, what sort of marriages were introduced
by men, which were productive of great evil?
" And it came to pass, when men began to multiply on the
face of the earth, andghters
au were born unto them, that
the sons of God saw the daughters of men that they were fair;
and they took them wives of all which they chose." Gen. 6: 1, 2.
 THE MARRIAGE INSTITUTION 523
NOTE.— Not only was there plurality of wives, which in itself is an
evil, but the "sons of God," descending from Seth, married the "daughters
of men," the descendants from the idolatrous line of Cain, and thus cor-
rupted the seed, or church, of God itself. All the barriers against evil
thus being broken down, the whole race was soon corrupted, violence filled
the earth, and the flood followed.
11. What restriction did God make respecting marriages
in Israel?
"Let them marry to whom they think best; only to the family
of the tribe of their father shall they marry." Num. 36: 6.
12. What prohibition did God give His chosen people against
intermarrying with the heathen nations about them, and why?
"Neither shalt thou make marriages with them; thy daughter
thou shalt not give unto his son, nor his daughter shalt thou
take unto thy son. For they will turn away thy son from follow-
ing Me, that they may serve other gods: so will the anger of the
Lord be kindled against you, and destroy thee suddenly."
Deut. 7: 3, 4.
NOTE.— Intermarriage with the ungodly was the mistake made by
the professed people of God before the flood, and God did not wish Israel
to repeat that folly.
13. What instruction is given in the New Testament re-
garding marriage with unbelievers?
"Be ye not unequally yoked together with unbelievers: for what
fellowship hath righteousness with unrighteousness? and what
communion hath light with darkness? and what concord hath
Christ with Belial? or what part hath he that believeth with an
infidel? and what agreement hath the temple of God with idols?
for ye are the temple of the living God." 2 Cor. 6: 14-16.
NOTE.— This instruction forbids all compromising partnerships.
Marriage of believers with unbelievers has ever been a snare by which
Satan has captured many earnest souls who thought they could win the
unbelieving, but in most cases have themselves drifted away from the
moorings of faith into doubt, backsliding, and loss of religion. It was one
of Israel's constant dangers, against which God warned them repeatedly.
"Give not your daughters unto their sons, neither take their daughters
unto your sons, nor seek their peace [by such compromise] or their wealth
forever." Ezra 9: 12. See also Ex. 34: 14-16; Judges 14: 1-3; Ezra 9
and 10; and Neh. 13: 23-27. Even Solomon fell before the influence of
heathen wives. Concerning him the inspired Word has left this melan-
choly record: "His wives turned away his heart after other gods." 1 Kings
11:4. No Christian can marry an unbeliever without running serious risk,
and placing himself upon the enemy's ground. The Scriptures do not
advocate separation alter the union has been formed (see 1 Cor. 7: 2-16),
but good sense should teach us that faith can best be maintained, and
domestic happiness best insured, where both husband and wife are be-
lievers, and of the same faith. Both ministers and parents, therefore,
should warn the young against all improper marriages.
524 BIBLE READINGS

14. What instruction did Abraham give his servant Eliezer

when sending him to select a wife for his son Isaac?
"Thou shalt take a wife for my son of my kindred, and of my
father's house." Gen. 24 : 40.
Norm.— This passage indicates that in early Bible times parents
generally had more to do in the selection of life companions for their chil-
dren than they commonly have now. Young people who are wise will
seek the advice and counsel of their parents, and above all, will seek to
know the will of God, before entering upon this important relationship,
with its grave responsibilities and its momentous consequences.
15. For how long does marriage bind the contracting par-
ties?
"For the woman which hath an husband is bound by the
law to her husband so long as he liveth." Rom. 7: 2. See 1 Cor.
7:39.
16. What only does Christ recognize as proper ground for
dissolving the marriage relationship?
"Whosoever shall put away his wife, except it be for fornica-
tion, and shall marry another, committeth adultery." Matt.
19:9.
NOTE.- Civil laws recognize other reasons as justifiable causes for
separation, such as extreme cruelty, habitual drunkenness, or other like
gross offenses; but only one offense, according to Christ, warrants the
complete annulment of the marriage tie.

A HAPPY HOME, AND HOW TO MAKE IT

1. WHERE and by whom were the foundations of home laid?
"And the Lord God planted a garden eastward in Eden; and
there He put the man whom He had formed." Gen. 2: 8.
2. In making this home, what besides man was needed?
"And the Lord God said, It is not good that the man should
be alone; I will make him an help meet [one adapted, or suitable]
for him." Verse 18.
3. After creating Adam and Eve, what did God say to them?
"And God blessed them, and God said unto them, Be fruitful,
and multiply, and replenish the earth." Gen. 1: 28.
4. To what are the wife and children of the man who fears
the Lord likened?
"Happy shalt thou be, and it shall be well with thee. Thy
 A HAPPY HOME, AND HOW TO MAKE IT 525
wife shall be as a fruitful vine by the sides of thine house: thy
children like olive-plants round about thy table." Ps. 128: 2, 3.
5. What are children declared to be?
"Lo, children are an heritage of the Lord." Ps. 127: 3.
"Children's children are the crown of old men; and the glory of
children are their fathers." Prov. 17: 6.
6. How should the wife relate herself to her husband?
"Wives, submit yourselves unto your own husbands, as unto
the Lord. For the husband is the head of the wife, even as
Christ is the head of the church." Eph. 5: 22, 23.
7. And how should husbands regard their wives?
"Husbands, love your wives, even as Christ also loved the
church, and gave Himself for it. . . . So ought men to
love their wives as their own bodies. He that loveth his wife
loveth himself. . . . Let every one of you in particular
so love his wife even as himself; and the wife see that she reverence
her husband." Verses 25-33.
8. Against what are husbands cautioned?
"Husbands, love your wives, and be not bitter against them."
Col. 3: 19.
9. Why should wives be in subjection to their husbands?
"Likewise, ye wives, be in subjection to your own husbands;
that, if any obey not the word, they also may without the word be
won by the conversation [manner of life] of the wives." 1 Peter
3: 1.
10. Why should husbands be considerate of their wives?
"Likewise, ye husbands, dwell with them according to
knowledge, giving honor unto the wife, as unto the weaker vessel,
and as being heirs together of the grace of life; that your prayers
be not hindered." Verse 7.
11. Why should children obey their parents?
"Children, obey your parents in the Lord: for this is right."
Eph. 6: 1.
12. How should parents bring up their children?
"And, ye fathers, provoke not your children to wrath:
but bring them up in the nurture and admonition of the Lord."
Verse 4.
526 BIBLE READINGS

13. Why should fathers not provoke their children to anger?

"Fathers, provoke not your children to anger, lest they be
discouraged." Col. 3: 21.
14. By what means may the mother bind the hearts of the
loved ones at home together?
"She openeth her mouth with wisdom; and in her tongue is
the law of kindness." Prov. 31: 26.
NOTE.- "We want to get into the hearts of our children if we hold
them, and help them, and bless them, and take them to heaven with us."
— Frances Murphy.
15. How will such a mother be regarded?
"Her children arise up, and call her blessed; her husband also,
and he praiseth her." Verse 28.
NoTE.-- "Show me a loving husband, a worthy wife, and good chil-
dren, and no pair of horses that ever flew along the road could take me in a
year where I could see a more pleasing sight. Home is the grandest of all
institutions,"— Spurgeon.
16. How faithfully should parents teach the precepts and
commandments of God to their children?
"And thou shalt teach them diligently unto thy children, and
shalt talk of them when thou sittest in thine house, and when thou
walkest by the way, and when thou liest down, and when thou
risest up." Deut. 6: 7.
NOTES.— "The home should be made a school of instruction, rather
than a place of monotonous drudgery. The evenings should be cherished
as precious seasons, to be devoted to the instruction of the children in the
way of righteousness. But how many children are sadly neglected! They
are not educated in the home, that they may comprehend the truth of God,
and are not trained to love justice and to do judgment. They should be
patiently instructed, that they may understand the laws that govern
them, and that they may know the springs of their actions. They are
to be brought into harmony with the laws of heaven, to cherish the truth
as it is in Jesus. In this way they may be fitted to join the society of the
angels, and to stand in the presence of the adorable Redeemer."— Sabbath
School Worker, August, 1896.
"A church within a church, a republic within a republic, a world
within a world, is spelled by four letters — home! If things go right
there, they go right everywhere; if things go wrong there, they go wrong
everywhere. The door-sill of the dwelling-house is the foundation of
church and state. . . . In other words, domestic life overarches and
undergirds all other life. . . . First, last, and all the time, have Christ
in your home."— Talmage.
17. What is the great secret of a happy home?
"Better is a dinner of herbs where love is, than a stalled ox
and hatred therewith." Prov. 15: 17.
 RELIGION IN THE HOME
1. How well acquainted is God with each individual's life?
"Thou knowest my downsitting and mine uprising. Thou
understandest my thought afar off. Thou compassest my
path and my lying down, and art acquainted with all my ways.
For there is not a word in my tongue, but, lo, 0 Lord, Thou
knowest it altogether." Ps. 139: 2-4.
2. What is the beginning of wisdom?
"The fear of the Lord is the beginning of wisdom: a good
understanding have all they that do His commandments."
Ps. 111: 10.
3. Upon whom is God's fury to be poured?
"Pour out Thy fury upon the heathen that know Thee not,
and upon the families that call not on Thy name." Jer. 10: 25.
4. How are parents instructed° to bring up their children?
"And, ye fathers, provoke not your children to wrath: but
bring them up in the nurture and admonition of the Lord." Eph.
6:4.
NOTE.— "Religion is love, and a religious home is one in which love
reigns. There must be love in action, love that flows out in all the home
intercourse, showing itself in a thousand little expressions of thoughtful-
ness kindness, unselfishness, and gentle courtesy."—" Week-Day Religion,"
by J. R. Miller, D. D., page 83.
5. How faithfully should parents teach their children the
Word of God?
"And these words, which I command thee this day, shall be
in thine heart: and thou shalt teach them diligently unto thy chil-
dren, and shalt talk of them when thou sittest in thine house,
and when thou walkest by the way, and when thou liest down,
and when thou risest up." Deut. 6: 6, 7. •
6. What is the value of proper early instruction?
"Train up a child in the way he should go: and when he is
old, he will not depart from it." Prov. 22: 6.
NOTE.- No man ever said that he began the service of God too young.
No parent ever regretted bringing up his children to love, fear, honor, and
obey God.
•
7. How early were the Scriptures taught to Timothy?
"And that from a child thou had known the Holy Scriptures,
which are able to make thee wise unto salvation through faith
which is in Christ Jesus." 2 Tim. 3: 15.
15271
528 BIBLE READINGS

NOTE.— Timothy's father was a Greek, and his mother • a Jewess.

From a child he had been taught the Scriptures. The faith of his mother
and of his grandmother in the Word of God had early been implanted in
him through their faithful instruction. 2 Tim. 1: 5. The piety which he
saw in his home life had a molding influence upon his own life. This, with
his knowledge of the Scriptures, qualified him to bear responsibilities and
to render faithful service later in the cause of Christ. His home instruc-
tors had cooperated with God in preparing him for a life of usefulness.
Thus it should be in every home.
8. Why did God confide in Abraham, and commit sacred
trusts to him?
"For I know him, that he will command his children and his
household after him, and they shall keep the way of the Lord,
to do justice and judgment." Gen. 18: 19.
9. Wherever Abraham went, what was his practise?
"And there he builded an altar unto the Lord, and called
upon the name of the Lord." Gen. 12: 8. See also Gen. 13:
4; 21:33. 6
NOTE.— "The manner in which the family worship is conducted is
very important. It should be made so pleasant as to be looked forward
to with gladness even by the youngest children. Too often it is made
tedious, monotonous, or burdensome. . . . To make it dull and irk-
some is treason to true religion. . . . A few minutes given every day
to preparation for family worship will serve to make it, as it should be, the
most pleasant and attractive incident of the day."—" Week-Day Religion,"
by J. R. Miller, D. D., pages 81-88.
10. What instruction suggests the giving of thanks for
daily food?
"In everything give thanks: for this is the will of God in
Christ Jesus concerning you." 1 Thess. 5: 18.
NOTE.— As a rule, children will reflect the life and principles mani-
fested in their parents. The reason why so many children are irrev-
erent, irreligious, and disobedient today is because their parents are so.
Like parent like child. If parents would see a different state of things, they
must themselves refortn. They must bring God into their homes, and
make His Word their counselor and guide. They must teach their children
the fear of God, and that His Word is the voice of God addressed to them,
and that it is to be implicitly obeyed. "In too many households prayer
is neglected. . . . If ever there was a time when every house should
be a house of prayer, it is now. Fathers and mothers should often lift
up their hearts to God in humble supplication for themselves and their
children. Let the father, as priest of the household, lay upon the altar
of God the morning and evening sacrifice, while the wife and children unite
in prayer and praise. In such a household Jesus will love to tarry."—
" Christian Education," page 221.
 HONOR DUE TO PARENTS
1. BY what is every child known?
"Even a child is known by his doings, whether his work be
pure, and whether it be right." Prov. 20: 11.
2. What is the duty of every child?
"My son, hear the instruction of thy father, and forsake not
the law of thy mother." Prov. 1: 8.
3. What does the fifth commandment require of children?
"Honor thy father and thy mother: that thy days may be long
upon the land which the Lord thy God giveth thee." Ex. 20: 12.
NOTE.- While this precept refers directly to our earthly parents,
it also includes God, our Father in heaven; for in honoring them we honor
Him. To the child too young to know God, the earthly parent takes the
place of God. Learning to honor, respect, and obey his earthly parents
is the child's first and most important lesson in learning to honor, respect,
and obey God, his Heavenly Parent. Benjamin Franklin well said: "Let a
child's first lesson be obedience, and the second may be what thou wilt."
4. For how long a time should one honor his parents?
"Harken unto thy father that begat thee, and despise not
thy mother when she is old." Prov. 23: 22.
Nom.— As long as parents live, they should be honored and respected
by their children. The duty enjoined in the fifth commandment does not
cease at maturity, nor when the child leaves the parental roof.
5. What is the character of a child who will not listen to his
father's instruction?
"A. fool despiseth his father's instruction: but he that re-
gardeth reproof is prudent." Prov. 15: 5.
6. What course on the part of children is well pleasing to
the Lord?
"Children, obey your parents in all things: for this is well
pleasing unto the Lord." Col. 3: 20.
7. In what spirit should children obey their parents?
"Children, obey your parents in the Lord: for this is right."
Eph. 6: 1.
8. What is one way in which a child may dishonor his
parents?
"He that is a companion of riotous men shameth his father."
Prov. 28: 7.
9. What is said of one who robs his father or his mother?
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530 BIBLE READINGS

"Whoso robbeth his father or his mother, and saith, It is

no transgression; the same is the companion of a destroyer."
Verse 24.
10. How did Jesus honor His parents?
"He went down with them, and came to Nazareth, and
was subject unto them." Luke 2: 51.
11. How did the Jewish leaders in the days of Christ, for the
sake of gain, make void the fifth commandment?
"But ye say, Whosoever shall say to his father or his mother,
It is a gift, by whatsoever thou mightest be profited by me; and
honor not his father or his mother, he shall be free. Thus have
ye made the commandment of God of none effect by your tradi-
tion." Matt. 15: 5, 6.
NoTE.— The word translated gift in this text means a thing dedicated
to God, and therefore not to be used for any other purpose. In this way
the Jewish teachers, by their traditional law, taught children that by say-
ing that their property was thus dedicated to the temple or to religious
purposes, they were free from the obligation to honor and support their
parents, thus making void one of the commandments of God. This Christ
condemned.
12. In what other way do some dishonor their father and
mother?
"There is a generation that curseth their father, and doth not
bless their mother." Prov. 30: 11.
13. What will be the fate of the one who curseth his father
or his mother?
"Whoso curseth his father or his mother, his lamp shall be
put out in obscure darkness." "The eye that mocketh at his
father, and despiseth to obey his mother, the ravens of the valley
shall pick it out, and the young eagles shall eat it." Prov. 20: 20;
30: 17.
14. What will be the reward of those who honor their
parents?
"Honor thy father and thy mother: that thy days may be
long upon the land which the Lord thy God giveth thee." Ex. 20: 12.
NOTE.- The fulness of this promise will be realized in the life to come,
when the earth, restored to its Edenic beauty, will become the eternal
home of all those who have truly honored their parents and kept all God's
commandments.
15. What comment has the apostle Paul made upon this
commandment?
"Honor thy father and mother; which is the first command-
 HONOR DUE TO PARENTS 531
ment with promise; that it may be well with thee, and thou mayest
live long on the earth." Eph. 6: 2, 3.
16. In what age of the world is disobedience to parents
to be especially manifest?
"This know also, that in the last days perilous times shall
come. For men shall be lovers of their own selves, covetous,
boasters, proud, blasphemers, disobedient to parents, unthank-
ful, unholy." 2 Tim. 3: 1, 2.
Nom.— Disobedience to parents is a marked charaeteristic of the
present generation. Never before was it so common or so wide-spread.
The root of the evil, however, lies not so much in the children as in the
parents. Many of the latter are disobedient to God, their Father in heaven,
and so have failed to bring up their children in the fear of God and in the
ways of righteousness. Bible instruction, lessons of faith, and prayer must
not be neglected in the home if we would see obedient, God-fearing children
growing up in the world.

CHILD TRAINING
1. How should parents train their children?
"Train up a child in the way he should go: and when he is old,
he will not depart from it." Prov. 22: 6. "And, ye fathers,
provoke not your children to wrath: but bring them up in the nur-
ture and admonition of the Lord." Eph. 6: 4.
2. How diligently should parents teach children God's Word?
"These words, which I command thee this day, shall be in
thine heart: and thou shalt teach them diligently unto thy chil-
dren." " Ye shall teach them your children, speaking of them
when thou sittest in thine house, and when thou walkest by the way,
when thou liest down, and when thou risest up." Deut. 6: 6, 7;
11: 19.
3. What high ideal should be placed before the young?
"Let no man despise thy youth; but be thou an example of
the believers, in word, in conversation, in charity, in spirit, in
faith, in purity." 1 Tim. 4: 12.
4. What duty does God require of children?
"Honor thy father and thy mother." Ex. 20: 12.
5. What is to be one of the prominent sins of the last days?
"For men shall be lovers of their own selves, covetous,
boasters, proud, blasphemers, disobedient to parents, unthank-
ful, unholy." 2 Tim. 3: 2.
532 BIBLE READINGS
6. Why did God reprove Eli?
"In that day I will perform against Eli all things which I
have spoken concerning his house: when I begin, I will also make
an end. For I have told him that I will judge his house forever
for the iniquity which he knoweth; because his sons made them-
selves vile, and he restrained them not." 1 Sam. 3: 12, 13.
7. How should the youth be taught to regard the aged?
"Thou shalt rise up before the hoary head, and honor the face
of the old man, and fear thy God: I am the Lord." Lev. 19: 32.
8. What are some good fruits of proper child training?
"Correct thy son, and he shall give thee rest; yea, he shall give
delight unto thy soul." Prov. 29: 17.
9. What will result if correction is withheld?
"The rod and reproof give wisdom: but a child left to himself
bringeth his mother to shame." Verse 15. See Prov. 22: 15.
10. Is there danger of delaying correction too long?
"Chasten thy son. while there is hope, and let not thy soul spare
for his crying." Prov..19: 18. See Prov. 23: 13, 14.
11. Does proper correction evidence a want of parental love?
"He that spareth his rod hateth his son: but he that loveth
him chasteneth him betimes." Prov. 13: 24.
NOTE.- One Christian mother writes thus concerning the importance
of child training: "Children who are allowed to come up to manhood or
womanhood with the will undisciplined and the passions uncontrolled, will
generally in after-life pursue a course which God condemns. The neglect
of parents to properly discipline their children has been a fruitful source
of evil in many families. The youth have not been restrained as they
should have been. Parents have neglected to follow the directions of the
Word of God in this matter, and the children have taken the reins of govern-
ment into their own hands. The consequence has been that they have
generally succeeded in ruling their parents, instead of being under their
authority. False ideas and a foolish, misdirected affection have nurtured
traits which have made the children unlovely and unhappy, have em-
bittered the lives of the parents, and have extended their baleful influence
from generation to generation. Any child that is permitted to have his
own way will dishonor God and bring his father and mother to shame."
12. Whom does the Lord chasten?
"For whom the Lord loveth He chasteneth, and scourgeth
every son whom He receiveth." Heb. 12: 6.
Nom— From this we may learn that all child training should be done
in love, and that proper child training is an evidence of true love.
13. Against what evil should fathers guard?
 CHILD TRAINING 533

"Fathers, provoke not your children to anger, lest they be dis-

couraged." Col. 3: 21.
Noma.— Correction should never be given in anger, for anger in the
parent stirs up anger in the child. It is well to pray with a child before
correcting him, and frequently mild but faithful instruction, admonition,
and prayer are all the training necessary,— are, in fact, the best training
that can be given. But in any case of perverseness, stubbornness, or wil-
ful disobedience, the correction, whatever it may be, should be persisted
in until the child yields submissively to the will and wishes of the parent.
It is best, generally, that correction should be done in private, as this tends
to preserve the self-respect of the child, a very important element in charac-
ter building. No correction nor training should be violent or abusive,
or given for the purpose of breaking the will of the child, but rather to
direct the will, bring it into proper subjection, and the child to a realizing
sense of what is right and duty.
14. How are the present effects and future results of chastise-
ment contrasted?
"Now no chastening for the present seemeth to be joyous,
but grievous: nevertheless afterward it yieldeth the peaceable
fruit of righteousness unto them which are exercised thereby."
Heb. 12: 11.
15. What question must every unfaithful parent meet?
"Where is the flock that was given thee, thy beautiful
flock?" Jer. 13: 20.
NOTE.— Happy will those parents be who can say, "Behold, here am
I and the children Thou gayest me." See Isa. 8: 18.

THE MOTHER
1. WHY did Adam call his wife's name Eve?
"And Adam called his wife's name Eve; because she was the
mother of all living." Gen. 3: 20.
NOTE.— It is said that the three sweetest words in any language are
mother, home, and heaven.
2. What did God say to Abraham concerning his wife,
Sarah?
"And I will bless her, and give thee a son also of her: yea,
I will bless her, and she shall be a mother of nations; kings of
people shall be of her." Gen. 17: 16.
3. What commandment guards the honor of the mother?
"Honor thy father and thy mother." Ex. 20: 12.
4. How early did Hannah dedicate her son Samuel to God?
"And she vowed a vow, and said, 0 Lord of hosts, if thou
534 BIBLE READINGS

wilt indeed . . . give unto thine handmaid a man child,

then I will give him unto the Lord all the days of his life."
1 Sam. 1: 11.
5. To whom did God commit the care and early training of
His only begotten Son?
"And when they were come into the house, they saw the
young child with Mary His mother, and fell down, and worshiped
Him." Matt. 2: 11.
6. Under the influence of her tender care and faithful in-
struction, what is said of the child life of Jesus?
"And the child grew, and waxed strong in spirit, filled with
wisdom: and the grace of God was upon Him. . . . And
Jesus increased in wisdom and stature, and in favor with God
and man." Luke 2: 40-52.
NOTES.- "The hand that rocks the cradle is the hand that rules the
world."
"A mother is a mother still,
The holiest thing on earth."
A Christian mother, above all others, can deeply implant and faithfully
cherish the seeds of truth in the young and tender heart. More even than
the father, the mother molds the life, character, and destiny of man.
Every stage and phase of life is touched and influenced by her. Infancy,
childhood, youth, manhood, and old age alike center in her. She is both
the morning and the evening star of life,—the angel spirit of the home.
7. What tender, filial regard did Christ manifest for His
mother in the hour of His death?
"When Jesus therefore saw His mother, and the disciple
standing by, whom He loved [John], He saith unto His mother,
Woman, behold thy son! Then saith He to the disciple, Be-
hold thy mother! And from that hour that disciple took her
unto his own home." John 19: 26, 27.
8. How early did Timothy know the Scriptures?
"And that from a child thou hast known the Holy Scrip-
tures." 2 Tim. 3: 15.
9. What is said of his mother and his grandmother?
"When I call to remembrance the unfeigned faith that is in
thee, which dwelt first in thy grandmother Lois, and thy mother
Eunice." 2 Tim. 1: 5.
Nom.— No position in life is superior to that of the mother, no
influence more potent for good or evil. "All that I am or hope to be, I
owe to my mother," said Abraham Lincoln. "All that I have ever ac-
complished in life, I owe to my mother," declared D. L. Moody. "A kiss
from my mother," said Benjamin West, "made me a painter." "My
 • THE MOTHER 535
mother was the making of me," declares the noted inventor, Thomas A.
Edison. And Andrew Carnegie, the millionaire, who gave his mother hia
earnings when a boy, adds, "I am deeply touched by the remembrance
of one to whom I owe everything that a wise mother ever gave to a son
who adored her." It has been truly said that the home is the primeval
school, the best, the most hallowed, and the most potential of all academies,
and that the mother is the first, the most influential, and therefore the
most important of all teachers.

TEACHING THE CHILDREN

1. WHAT should be the prayer of every parent ?
" 0 my Lord, . . . teach us what we shall do unto the
child that shall be born." Judges 13: 8.
NOTE.—This is a part of the prayer of Manoah, the father of Samson.
2. How should our children be taught ?
"All thy children shall be taught of the Lord; and great shall
be the peace of thy children." Isa. 54: 13.
3. What will happen if a child is not properly instructed ?
"A child left to himself bringeth his mother to shame."
Prov. 29: 15.
4. How did Solomon's parents regard him as a child ?
" I was my father's son, tender and only beloved in the sight
of my mother." Prov. 4: 3.
5. What does Solomon say his father did for him as a child ?
" He taught me also, and said unto me, Let thine heart retain
may words ; keep my commandments, and live." Prov. 4: 4.
6. From what time does David say he himself was taught ?
" 0 God, Thou host taught me from my youth." Ps. 71: 17.
7. How should all Christian parents bring up their children ?
" Fathers, provoke not your children to wrath: but bring
them up in the nurture and admonition of the Lord." Eph. 6: 4.
8. How was Moses taught during the days of his early
childhood ?
By faith, under the instruction of a devoted mother. See
Heb. 11: 23; Ex. 2: 1-10.
Nom—The hiding of Moses was at the time when Pharaoh, king of
Egypt, had issued a decree that every Hebrew male child should be killed
as soon as he was born, to prevent too rapid an increase of the Hebrews.
The second chapter of Exodus tells the story of the finding of Moses by the
king's daughter, and his being brought up by his own mother employed as
a nurse. She was a woman of faith, and her teaching of Moses was such
that after he had been at the Egyptian court till he "was come to years,"
he chose to suffer affliction with God's people rather than to enjoy the
536 BIBLE READINGS •
honor of succeeding to the throne of Egypt as the adopted heir. fie be-
came the leader of God's people when they escaped from the Egyptian
bondage, and after he died, he was raised to life and taken to heaven. See
Heb. 11: 24-26; Jude 9; Matt. 17: 1-3.
9. How was Joseph regarded by his father?
" Israel loved Joseph more than all his children, because he
was the son of his old age." Gen. 37: 3.
NOTE.—The wonderful record of Joseph's life, found in Genesis 37-50,
shows that he lived intimately with his father till he was seventeen years
of age. He must have been carefully taught of God also, for in all his
marvelous experience as slave, prisoner, and premier of Egypt, he re-
mained true to his Heavenly Father, not a single sin being recorded of him
to the day of his death.
10. How was Esther kought up ?
" He [Mordecai the Jew] brought up Hadassah, that is,
Esther, his uncle's daughter, . . . when her father and mother
were dead." Esther 2: 7.
NOTE.—Mordecai was a man who feared and served God, as is shown
by his wise and courageous counsel to Esther, and by his own Christian
conduct when the lives of both were at stake in their efforts to save the
people of God from destruction while in captivity in Medo-Persia. He
undoubtedly taught Esther from childhood to fear and serve God. Other-
wise she would not have met the crisis with such fearless courage and such
confidence in God.
11. After she became queen of Persia, how did Esther show
her integrity to God ?
By risking her life to save her own people.
" Then Esther bade them [the. messengers] return Mordecai
this answer: Go, gather together. all the Jews that are present
in Shushan, and fast ye for me, and neither eat nor drink three
days, night or day: I also and my maidens will fast likewise;
and so will I go in unto the king, which is not according to the
law: and if I perish, I perish." Esther 4: 15, 16.
12. How early does Paul say Timothy was instructed ?
" From a child thou hast known the Holy Scriptures, which
are able to make thee wise unto salvation." 2 Tim. 3: 15.
13. How earnestly should parents teach their children the
things of God ?
" Thou shalt teach them diligently unto thy children." " Ye
shall teach them your children, speaking of them when thou sit-
test in thine house, and when thou walkest by the way, when thou
liest down, and when thou risest up." Deut. 6: 7; 11: 19.
14. What reward in this life is promised the faithful
mother ?
 TEACHING THE CHILDREN 537
" Her children arise up, and call her blessed; her husband
also, and he praiseth her." Prov. 31: 28.
15. What beautiful picture of home life is drawn by the
psalmist for the father who fears the Lord ?
"Thy wife shall be as a fruitful vine by the side of thine
house: thy children like olive plants round about thy table.
Behold, that thus shall the man be blessed that feareth the
Lord." Ps. 128: 3, 4. •
16. What motive will inspire all true parents to faithful-
ness in teaching their children ?
" That our sons may be as plants grown up in their youth;
that our daughters may be as corner-stones, polished after the
similitud3 of a palace." Ps. 144: 12.
NOTE.—We often hear the saying, " The hand that rocks the cradle
is the hand that rules the world." This is not out of keeping with the
saying of the wise man, " Train up a child in the way he should go: and
when he is old, he will not depart from it." Prov. 22: 6. No father or
mother knows the future of the little child prattling about the home circle.
But God knows, as He did in the cases of Moses and Esther and Timothy.
Whether it is His purpose for some of our children to rule the world, as did
Joseph and Daniel virtually, as prime ministers; or for some of them to
"stand before kings," as did Moses and Esther and Daniel; or for some of
them to serve and suffer for the name of Christ, as did Peter and John and
Paul, it is our sacred privilege to teach the children faithfully and diligently
during their tender years.

PROMISES FOR THE CHILDREN

1. WHAT is said of the fifth commandment?
"Honor thy father and mother; which is the first command-
ment with promise." Eph. 6: 2.
2. What is promised those who honor their father and their
mother?
"Honor thy father and thy mother: that thy days may be
long upon the land which the Lord thy God giveth thee." Ex.
20 : 12.
3. What does God desire to teach the children?
"Come, ye children, harken unto Me: I will teach you the
fear of the Lord." Ps. 34: 11.
4. What is the fear of the Lord declared to be
" The fear of the Lord is the beginning of wisdom: a good
understanding have all they that do His commandments." Ps.
111: 10.
5. What is said of the poor but wise child?
538 BIBLE READINGS
"Better is a poor and a wise child than an old and foolish
king, who will no more be admonished." Eccl. 4: 13.
6. How did Christ show His tender regard for children?
"Suffer little children, and forbid them not, to come unto Me:
for of such is the kingdom of heaven." Matt. 19: 14.
7. How did He show that He loved them?
"And He took them up in His arms, put His hands upon
them, and blessed them." Mark 10: 16.
8. With what promise do the Old Testament Scriptures
close?
"Behold, I will send you Elijah the prophet before the
coming of the great and dreadful day of the Lord: and he shall
turn the heart of the fathers to the children, and the heart of the chil-
dren to their fathers, lest I come and smite the earth with a curse."
Mal. 4: 5, 6.
NoTE.— From this we learn that while disobedience to parents and the
breaking up of home ties will characterize the last days (2 Tim. 3: 1-3; Matt.
24:37-39; Gen. 6: 1, 2), God's message for the last days will strengthen the
cords of love and affection, and bind the hearts of parents and children
together.
9. What peaceful, happy conditions will prevail in the next
world as compared with those of this life?
"They shall not labor in vain, nor bring forth for trouble;
for they are the seed of the blessed of the Lord, and their off-
spring with them." "The sucking child shall play on the hole of
the asp, and the weaned child shall put his hand on the cockatrice'
den. They shall not hurt nor destroy in all My holy mountain:
for the earth shall be full of the knowledge of the Lord, as the
waters cover the sea." Isa. 65: 23; 11:8, 9.

EVILS OF CITY LIFE

1. WHEN Abraham told Lot to choose that part of the
country which he preferred, what choice did Lot make?
"And Lot lifted up his eyes, and beheld all the plain of
Jordan, that it was well watered everywhere, before the Lord
destroyed Sodom and Gomorrah, even as the garden of the Lord.
• . Then Lot chose him all the plain of Jordan." Gen. 13:
10, 11.
2. Where did Lot dwell?
"Abram dwelled in the land of Canaan, and Lot dwelled in the
cities of the plain, and pitched his tent toward Sodom." Verse 12.
 EVILS OF CITY LIFE 539
3. What was the character of the inhabitants of Sodom?
"But the men of Sodom were wicked and sinners before the
Lord exceedingly." Verse 13.
4. What further description is given of this city?
"Behold, this was the iniquity of thy sister Sodom, pride,
fulness of bread, and abundance of idleness was in her and in her
daughters, neither did she strengthen the hand of the poor and
needy. And they were haughty, and committed abomination
before Me: therefore I took them away as I saw good." Eze.
16:49, 50. See Gen. 19: 1-9.
5. How did their conduct affect Lot?
"And delivered just Lot, vexed with the filthy conversation of
the wicked: (for that righteous man dwelling among them, in
seeing and hearing, vexed his righteous soul from day to day with
their unlawful deeds)." 2 Peter 2: 7, 8.
6. Before destroying Sodom and Gomorrah, whom did the
Lord send to deliver Lot and his family?
"And there came two angels to Sodom at even. . . .
And the men [angels] said unto Lot, Hast thou here any besides?
son-in-law, and thy sons, and thy daughters, and whatsoever
thou hast in the city, bring them out of this place: for we will
destroy this place, because the cry of them is waxen great before
the face of the Lord; and the Lord hath sent us to destroy it."
Gen. 19: 1-13.
7. What did Lot do, and how were his efforts rewarded?
"And Lot went out, and spake unto his sons-in-law, which
married his daughters, and said, Up, get you out of this place;
for the Lord will destroy this city. But he seemed as one that
mocked unto his sons-in-law." Verse 14.
8. What did the angels say to Lot the next morning?
"'Arise, take thy wife, and thy two daughters, which are here;
lest thou be consumed in the iniquity of the city. . . .
Escape for thy life; look not behind thee, neither stay thou in
all the plain; escape to the mountain, lest thou be consumed."
Verses 15-17.
9. What then took place?
"Then the Lord rained upon Sodom and upon Gomorrah
brimstone and fire from the Lord out of heaven; and He over-
threw those cities, and all the plain, and all the inhabitants of the
cities, and that which grew upon the ground." Verses 24, 25.
540 BIBLE READINGS
10. Because she disregarded the instruction given by the
angels, what became of Lot's wife?
"But his wife looked back from behind him, and she became
a pillar of salt." Verse 26.
NOTE.— As a result of choosing a city life, Lot lost nearly all his family.
11. Foretelling the Condition of the world previous to His
second advent, to what did Christ liken it?
"Likewise also as it was in the days of Lot; they did eat, they
drank, they bought, they sold, they planted, they builded; but
the same day that Lot went out of Sodom it rained fire and brim-
stone from heaven, and destroyed them all. Even thus shall it
be in the day when the Son of man is revealed." Luke 17: 28-30.
12. Of what is the destruction of Sodom and Gomorrah a
type?
"And turning the cities of Sodom and Gomorrha into ashes
condemned them with an overthrow, making them an ensample
unto those that after should live ungodly." 2 Peter 2: 6.
13. What is to take place under the seventh plague?
"And the seventh angel poured out his vial into the air;
. . . and there was a great earthquake, such as was not since
men were upon the earth, so mighty an earthquake, and so
great. . . . And the cities of the nations fell." Rev. 16: 17-19.

PURITY
1. WHAT did Christ say of the pure in heart?
"Blessed are the pure in heart: for they shall see God."
Matt. 5: 8.
2. What did He declare to be a violation of the seventh
commandment?
"Ye have heard that it was said by them of old time, Thou
shalt not commit adultery: but I say unto you, That whosoever
looketh on a woman to lust after her hath committed adultery with
her already in his heart." Verses 27, 28.
3. What exhortations did the apostle Paul give Timothy?
"Flee also youthful lusts." 2 Tim. 2: 22. "Keep thyself
pure." 1 Tim. 5: 22.
4. To whom are all things pure?
" Unto the pure all things are pure: but unto them that are
 PURITY 541
defiled and unbelieving is nothing pure; but even their mind and
conscience is defiled." Titus 1: 15.
5. When tempted to sin, what noble example did Joseph set?
"How then can I do this great wickedness, and sin against
God?" Gen. 39: 9.
6. Against what are the people of God warned?
"But fornication, and all uncleanness, or covetousness, let
it not be once named among you, as becometh saints; neither
filthiness, nor foolish talking, nor jesting, which are not con-
venient : but rather giving of thanks." Eph. 5: 3, 4.
7. What are mentioned as works of the flesh?
"Now the works of the flesh are manifest, which are these:
Adultery, fornication, uncleanness, lasciviousness." Gal. 5: 19.
8. What is said of those who do such things?
"They which do such things shall not inherit the kingdom of
God." Verse 21.
9. Against keeping company with whom are we warned?
"But now I have written unto you not to keep company
if any man that is called a brother be a fornicator." 1 Cor. 5: 11
10. Why are evil associations to be avoided?
"Be not deceived: evil communications corrupt good man-
ners." 1 Cor. 15: 33.
11. What inexorable law is laid down in the Scriptures?
"Be not deceived; God is not mocked: for whatsoever a man
soweth, that shall he also reap. For he that soweth to his flesh
shall of the flesh reap corruption; but he that soweth to the
Spirit shall of the Spirit reap life everlasting." Gal. 6: 7, 8.
"Keep virtue's simple path before your eyes,
Nor think from evil good can ever rise."— Thomson.
12. Instead of sanctioning evil, what should we do?
"And have no fellowship with the unfruitful works of dark-
ness, but rather reprove them. For it is a shame even to speak of
those things which are done of them in secret." Eph. 5: 11, 12.
13. How should we guard our conversation?
"Let no corrupt communication proceed out of your mouth,
but that which is good to the use of edifying, that it may minister
grace unto the hearers." Eph. 4: 29.
14. What scripture shows that social impurity was one of
the chief sins which brought on the deluge?
542 BIBLE READINGS
"And it came to pass, when men began to multiply on the
face of the earth, and daughters were born unto them, that the
sons of God saw the daughters of men that they were fair; and
they took them wives of all which they chose. . . . And God
saw that the wickedness of man was great in the earth, and that
every imagination of the thoughts of his heart was only evil con-
tinually. . . . And the Lord said, I will destroy man whom
I have created from the face of the earth. . . . The earth
also was corrupt before God, and the earth was filled with vio-
lence." Gen. 6: 1-11.
15. What was the character of the inhabitants of Sodom?
"But the men of Sodom were wicked and sinners before the
Lord exceedingly." Gen. 13: 13. "And they were haughty,
and committed abomination before Me: therefore I took them
away as I saw good." Eze. 16: 50. See also verse 49.
NOTE.- Gen. 19: 1-9 and 2 Peter 2: 6-8 show that they were exceed-
ingly corrupt in morals.
16. What did Christ say would be the condition of the world
at His second advent?
"As it was in the days of Noe, so shall it be also in the days
of the Son of man. . . . Likewise also as it was in the days
of Lot; . . . even thus shall it be in the day when the Son
of man is revealed." Luke 17: 26-30.
17. What does the Lord call upon the wicked man to do?
"Let the wicked forsake his way, and the unrighteous man
his thoughts: and let him return unto the Lord, and He will have
mercy upon him; and to our God, for He will abundantly par-
don." Isa. 55: 7.
18. What are the proper things to engage one's mind?
"Finally, brethren, whatsoever things are true, whatsoever
things are honest, whatsoever things are just, whatsoever things
are pure, whatsoever things are lovely, whatsoever things are of
good report; if there be any virtue, and if there be any praise,
think on these things." Phil. 4: 8.
NoTE.— The greatest foes to social purity are immoral associates,
impure literature, improper dress, idleness, intemperance, and theater-
going, including questionable picture shows, all of which are confined
almost exclusively to city life. For this reason parents should look well
to their children's home life; their companions; the books, papers, and
magazines they read; how their time is occupied; what they eat, drink,
and wear; where they spend their nights; and the character of their amuse-
ments. "Pride, fulness of bread, and abundance of idleness" were con-
tributing causes to the gross immorality of Sodom, and its consequent
downfall. Eze. 16: 49, 50.
 PART XVII
Health and Temperance
GOOD HEALTH
1. WHAT did the apostle John wish concerning Gaius?
"Beloved, I wish above all things that thou mayest prosper
and be in health, even as thy soul prospereth." 3 John 2.
2. What did God promise His people anciently?
"And ye shall serve the Lord your God, and He shall bless
thy bread, and thy water; and I will take sickness away from the
midst of thee." Ex. 23: 25.
3. Upon what conditions was freedom from disease prom-
ised?
"If thou wilt diligently harken to the voice of the Lord thy God,
and wilt do that which is right in His sight, and wilt give ear to His
commandments, and keep all His statutes, I will put none of these
diseases upon thee, which I have brought upon the Egyptians:
for I am the Lord that healeth thee." Ex. 15: 26.
4. What does the psalmist say the Lord does for His people?
"Who forgiveth all thine iniquities; who healeth all thy dis-
eases." Ps. 103:3.
5. What constituted a large part of Christ's ministry?
"Who went about doing good, and healing all that were op-
pressed of the devil." Acts 10: 38. See Luke 13: 16. "And
Jesus went about all Galilee, . . . healing all manner of sick-
ness and all manner of disease among the people." Matt. 4: 23.
6. Why should the health of the body be preserved?
"For ye are bought with a price: therefore glorify God in
your body, and in your spirit, which are God's." 1 Cor. 6: 20.
7. What is the body of the believer said to be?
"What? know ye not that your body is the temple of the Holy
Ghost which is in you, which ye have of God, and ye are not your
own?" Verse 19.
8. What will God do to those who defile this temple?
[5431
544 BIBLE READINGS

"If any man defile the temple of God, him shall God destroy;
for the temple of God is holy, which temple ye are." 1 Cor.
3: 17.
9. What example did Daniel set in this matter?
"But Daniel purposed in his heart that he would not defile
himself with the portion of the king's meat, nor with the wine which
he drank." Dan. 1: 8.
10. With what food did he ask to be provided?
"Prove thy servants, I beseech thee, ten days; and let them
give us pulse to eat, and water to drink." Verse 12.
11. What was the original diet prescribed for man?
"And God said, Behold, I have given you every herb bearing
seed, which is upon the face of all the earth, and every tree, in the
which is the fruit of a tree yielding seed; to you it shall be for
meat." Gen. 1: 29.
12. Why did the Lord restrict the Hebrews in their diet?
"For thou art an holy people unto the Lord thy God, and the
Lord hath chosen thee to be a peculiar people unto Himself, above
all the nations that are upon the earth. Thou shalt not eat any
abominable thing." Deut. 14: 2, 3.
NorE.— Both mind and body are affected by the food we eat.
13. What effect does cheerfulness have upon the health?
"A merry heart doeth good like a medicine." Prov. 17: 22.
14. How did the Saviour provide rest for His disciples?
"And He said unto them, Come ye yourselves apart into a
desert place, and rest awhile." Mark 6: 31.
15. How are we exhorted to present our bodies to God?
"I beseech you . . . that ye present your bodies a living
sacrifice, holy, acceptable unto God." Rom. 12: 1.
16. What high purpose should control our habits of life?
"Whether therefore ye eat, or drink, or whatsoever ye do,
do all to the glory of God." 1 Cor. 10: 31.

CHRISTIAN TEMPERANCE
1. CONCERNING what did Paul reason before Felix?
"He reasoned of righteousness, temperance, and judgment
to come." Acts 24: 25.
 CHRISTIAN TEMPERANCE 545
Num.— Temperance means habitual moderation and control in the
indulgence of the appetites and, passions; in other words, self-control.
2. Of what is temperance a fruit?
"But the fruit of the Spirit is love, joy, peace, long-suffering,
gentleness, goodness, faith, meekness, temperance." Gal. 5:
22, 23.
NOTE.—"Temperance puts wood on the fire, meal in the barrel,
flour in the tub, money in the purse, credit in the country, contentment
in the house, clothes on the back, and vigor in the body."— Benjamin
Franklin.
3. Where in Christian growth and experience is temperance
placed by the apostle Peter?
"Add to your faith virtue; and to virtue knowledge; and to
knowledge temperance; and to temperance patience; and to
patience godliness; and to godliness brotherly kindness; and to
brotherly kindness charity." 2 Peter 1: 5-7. See pages 409,
410.
NOTE.— Temperance is rightly placed here as to order. Knowledge
is a prerequisite to temperance, and temperance to patience. It is very
difficult for an intemperate person to be patient.
4. What is said of those who strive for the mastery?
"And every man that striveth for the mastery is temperate
in all things." 1 Cor. 9:25.
5. In running the Christian race, what did Paul say he did?
"But I keep under my body, and bring it into subjection: lest
that by any means, when I have preached to others, I myself
should be ,a castaway." Verse 27.
6. Why are kings and rulers admonished to be temperate?
"It is not for kings to drink wine; nor for princes strong
drink: lest they. drink, and forget the law, and pervert the judg-
ment of any of the afflicted." Prov. 31:4, 5.
7. Why were priests forbidden to use intoxicating drink
while engaged in the sanctuary service ?
"And the Lord spake unto Aaron, saying, Do not drink wine
nor strong drink, thou, nor thy sons with thee, when ye go into
the tabernacle: . . . that ye may put difference between holy
and unholy, and between unclean and clean." Lev. 10: 8-10.
8. Why is indulgence in strong drink dangerous?
"And be not drunk with wine, wherein is excess; but be
filled with the Spirit." Eph. 5: 18.
35
546 BIBLE READINGS
Nom.— The danger in the indulgence of stimulating foods and drinks
is that they create an unnatural appetite and thirst, thus leading to excess.
Both food and drink should be nourishing and non-stimulating.
9. For what should men eat and drink?
"Blessed art thou, 0 land, when thy king is the son of nobles,
and thy princes eat in due season, for strength, and not for
drunkenness! " Eccl. 10: 17.
10. Why did Daniel refuse the food and wine of the king?
"But Daniel purposed in his heart that he would not defile
himself with the portion of the king's meat, nor with the wine
which he drank." Dan. 1: 8. See Judges 13: 4.
11. Instead of these, what did he request?
"Prove thy servants, I beseech thee, ten days; and let them
give us pulse to eat, and water to drink." Verse 12.
12. At the end of the ten days' test, how did he and his com-
panions appear?
"And at the end of ten days their countenances appeared
fairer and fatter in flesh than all the children which did eat the
portion of the king's meat." Verse 15.
13. At the end of their three years' course in the school of
Babylon, how did the wisdom of Daniel and his companions
compare with that of others?
"Now at the end of the days . . . the king communed
with them; and among them all was found none like Daniel,
Hartaniah,Mishael, and Azariah: . . . and in all matters
of wisdom and understanding, that the king inquired of them,
he found them ten times better than all the magicians and astrolo-
gers that were in all his realm." Verses 18-20..
14. What warning is given against leading others into in-
temperance?
"Woe unto him that giveth his neighbor drink, that puttest
thy bottle to him, and makest him drunken." Hab. 2: 15.
15. What kind of professed Christians are not fellowshiped?
"But now I have written unto you not to keep company,
if any man that is called a brother be a fornicator, or covetous,
or an idolater, or a railer, or a drunkard." 1 Cor. 5: 11.
16. Can drunkards enter the kingdom of God?
"Neither fornicators, nor idolaters, . . . nor thieves,
 CHRISTIAN TEMPERANCE 547
nor covetous, nor drunkards, nor revilers, nor extortioners, shall
inherit the kingdom of God." 1 Cor. 6: 9, 10. See Rev. 21: 27.
17. For what perfection of character did the apostle pray?
"And the very God of peace sanctify you wholly; and I pray
God your whole spirit and soul and body be preserved blameless
unto the coming of our Lord Jesus Christ." 1 Thess. 5: 23.
NOTE.— For notable examples of total abstinence in the Bible, see the
wife of Manoah, the mother of Samson (Judges 13:4, 12-14); Hannah,
the mother of Samuel (1 Sam. 1: 15); the Rechabites (Jer. 35: 1-10);
and John the Baptist (Luke 1: 13-15).

EVILS OF INTEMPERANCE
1. WHAT do the Scriptures say of wine?
"Wine is a mocker, strong drink is raging: and whosoever
is deceived thereby is not wise." Prov. 20: 1.
NOTE.— All intoxicating drinks are deceptive. They seem to give
strength, but in reality cause weakness; they seem to create heat, but in
fact lower the general temperature; they seem to impart vitality, but
really destroy life; they seem to promote happiness, but cause the greatest
unhappiness and misery. To intemperance may be attributed much of
the world's sorrow.
2. What is one of the evil results of intemperance?
"Be not among wine-bibbers; among riotous eaters of flesh:
for the drunkard and the glutton shall come to poverty." Prov.
23: 20, 21.
3. What are other evil effects of intemperance?
"Whoredom and wine and new wine take away the heart."
Hosea 4: 11. "They also have erred through wine, and through
strong drink are out of the way; . . . they err in vision,
they stumble in judgment." Isa. 28: 7.
NOTE.— "One of the subtlest effects of this many-sided drug is to
produce a craving for itself, while weakening the will that could resist
that craving."—"Alcohol," by Dr. Williams, page 48.
4. With what sins is drunkenness classed?
"Adultery, fornication, uncleanness, lasciviousness, idolatry,
witchcraft, hatred, variance, emulations, wrath, strife, seditious,
heresies, envyings, murders, drunkenness, revelings, and such
like." Gal. 5: 19-21.
5. What are common accompaniments of intemperance?
"Who hath woe? who bath sorrow? who hath contentions?
who hath babbling? who hath wounds without cause? who hath
548 BIBLE READINGS
redness of eyes? They that tarry long at the wine; they that go
to seek mixed wine." Prov. 23: 29, 30.
6. HOw do intoxicants serve one in the end?
"Look not thou upon the wine when it is red, when it giveth
his color in the cup, when it moveth itself aright. At the last
it biteth like a serpent, and stingeth like an adder." Verses 31, 32.
NomEs.— The effects of alcoholic liquors are thus described in the
American Prohibition Year Book for 1912, pages 26, 27:—
"On the Individual. Alcoholic liquors, whether fermented, brewed,
or distilled, are poisonous, increasing greatly the liability to fatal termina-
tion of diseases, weakening and deranging the intellect, polluting the af-
fections, hardening the heart, and corrupting the morals, `bequeathing to
posterity' a degeneration of physical and moral character.
"On the Family. A disturber and destroyer of its peace, prosperity,
and happiness, and thus removing the sure foundation for good govern-
ment, national prosperity and welfare.
"On the Community. Producing demoralization, vice, and wicked-
ness, counteracting the efficacy of religious efforts and of all means for
the intellectual elevation, moral purity, social happiness, and eternal
good of mankind.
"On the State. Promoting crime and pauperism, paralyzing thrift
and industry, corrupting politics, legislation, and the execution of laws."
Alcohol tends to destroy the higher forms of cells, those directly con-
cerned with the vital processes, particularly the delicate brain-cells, and
to replace them with useless and harmful connective tissue, or what is
commonly known as scar tissue. Reliable statistics demonstrate that the
total abstainer has an advantage of at least twenty-one per cent over the
moderate drinker.
"The offspring of alcoholics show impaired vitality of the most
deep-seated character, such as deformities, neuroses, which may take
the severe forms of chorea, infantile convulsions, epilepsy, or idiocy."—
"Alcohol," page 44.
7. To what extent is intemperance the cause of crime?
A lord chief justice of England declared, "If sifted, nine
tenths of the crime of England and Wales could be traced to
drink."—" Alcohol."
8. What may be said of the use of tobacco?
Being a rank poison, its use is highly injurious.
Nuns.— "Tobacco is the most subtle poison known to chemists,
except the deadly prussic acid." — M. Orfila, president Medical Academy,
Paris.
"Tobacco is ruinous in our schools and colleges, dwarfing body and
mind." — Dr. Willard Parker.
"I shall not hesitate to pronounce tobacco in young men to be evil,
and only evil, physically, mentally, and morally.' — Edward Hitchcock,
of Amherst College.
"The use of intoxicating liquor by men, and the use of cigarettes
by boys, is creating a race of feeble-minded,unhealthy, and valueless
citizens."— John Wanamaker.
 EVILS OF INTEMPERANCE 549
"We might as well go to the insane asylum for our men as to employ
cigarette smokers."—The late E. H. Harriman, railroad magnate.
"Cigarettes are ruining our children, endangering their lives, dwarf-
ing their intellects, and making them criminals, fast. The boys who use
them seem to lose all sense of right, decency, and righteousness. — Judge
Crane, of New York City.
"Cigarette smoking in the case of boys partly paralyzes the nerve
cells at the base of the brain, and this interferes with the breathing and
heart action. The end organs of the motor nerves lose their excitability,
next the trunks of the nerves, and then the spinal cord. . . . The
power of fine coordination is decidedly lost."— Prof. Sims Woodhead, of
Cambridge University.
"The use of cigarettes affects the nervous system, weakens the will-
power and destroys the ability of the boy to resist temptation; and be-
cause of this he easily falls a victim of those habits which not only destroy
the mind and soul, but irresistibly lead him into a violation of the laws
of the state."— George Torrance, superintendent Illinois State Reformatory,
Tobacco using is demoralizing in its general effects, and tends to
create an appetite for strong drink. It originated with the natives of
North America, the Indians. In November, 1492, when Columbus
discovered the island of Cuba, he sent two sailors to explore it, who,
when they returned, reported, among many other strange and curious
discoveries, that the natives carried with them lighted firebrands, and
puffed smoke from their mouths and noses, which they supposed to be
the way the savages had of perfuming themselves. They afterward
declared that they "saw the naked savages twist large leaves together,
and smoke like devils." Originating with the wild barbarians of America,
the smoking habit, after some years, was introduced into Europe, and
was rapidly adopted, not only by the lower classes, but by those in high
authority, even princes and nobles participating in the new intoxication.
It has since become well-nigh universal.
9. Where does intemperance often begin?
Intemperance often begins in the home. Many who would
not think of placing on their tables wine or liquor of any kind
will load them with food that creates a thirst for strong drink,—
with strong tea and coffee, injurious condiments, rich pastry,
highly seasoned foods, and the like.
10. What will drunkards, with other workers of iniquity,
never inherit?
"Neither fornicators, nor idolaters, . . . nor thieves,
nor covetous, nor drunkards, . . . shall inherit the king-
dom of God." 1 Cor. 6: 9, 10.

THE WORLD'S CURSE

1. WHAT admonition against intemperance did Christ give
that is especially applicable at the present time?
"And take ,heed to yourselves, lest at any time your hearts
be overcharged with surfeiting, and drunkenness, and cares of
550 BIBLE READINGS
this life, and so that day come upon you unawares." Luke
21:34.
2. What did He say would be the condition of the world just
before His second coming?
"As the days of Noe were, so shall also the coming of the
Son of man be. . . . They were eating and drinking, marry-
ing and giving in marriage." Matt. 24: 37, 38.
3. How did the consumption of liquor increase in gallons
in the United States from 1840 to 1911? GAL, PER
SPIRITS WINES LIQUORS TOTAL CAPITA
1840 43,060,884 4,873,096 23,310,843 71,244,823 4.17
1850 61,833,473 6,316,393 36,563,009 94,712,875 4.08
1860 80,968,651 10,933,981 101,346,669 202,249,301 6.43
1870 79,895,708 12,225,067 204,756,156 296,876,931 7.70
1880 63,526,694 28,098,179 414,220,165 605,845,088 10.08
1890 87,829,623 28,945,998 855,929,659 972,706,175 15.53
1900 ___ 97,356,864 29,088,467 1,222,387,104 1,349,732,436 17.76
1910 133,538,864 60,548,078 1,851,340,256 2,045,427,018 21.86
1911 138,586,989 62,859,282 1,966,811,744 2,169,356,695 22.79
The total consumption of alcoholic liquors in the United Statei for
forty-two years (1870-1911) was 43,611,000,564 gallons.
The drink bill of the United States for 1911 was estimated at $1,833,-
653,425, or nearly twice the national debt.
The number of liquor dealers in the United States in 1910 was 255,-
765, or over a quarter of a million.
The capital invested in the manufacture of liquor in the United
States in 1850 was less than $10,000,000. In 1910, sixty years later,
it had increased to over $770,000,000, or more than 7,700 per cent.
The total internal revenue received by the United States for liquor
for forty-nine years, or from 1863 to 1911, was $5,245,916,047.01.
The use of whisky, beer, cigars, and cigarettes in the United States
increased enormously in 1912. A few years later, the sobering effect of
the war and the placing of millions of men under military discipline,
naturally caused a considerable falling off in the use of intoxicating liquors,
which has been further heavily cut by nation-wide prohibition, but to just
what extent it is impossible to say. On the other hand, there has been a
large increase in the consumption of tobacco.
4. What can be said of intemperance in Great Britain?
Speaking of intemperance in Great Britain, the English
Watchword says: —
"Thanks to our brewers and publicans, and the cooperation of the
magistrates who license them, and the consent of the Christian church
which permits the liquor traffic to continue, we have: —
"1,000,000 paupers on the rates through drink,
100,000 criminals in jail through drink,
50,000 lunatics in asylums through drink,
60,000 deaths annually through drink, and a standing army of —
60,000 confirmed drunkards.'
5. To what extent is beer manufactured in the world today?
The enormous extent of the beer industry in the world at
 THE WORLD'S CURSE 551
the present time is indicated by the following table prepared
in 1903 by Gambrinus, of Vienna: — NO. OF BREWERIES
Germany 18,230
United Kingdom 5,547
America and Australia 2,210
Austria-Hungary 1,436
Belgium 3,319
France 3,360
Russia 920
Sweden 250
Denmark 370
Switzerland 228
Holland 372
Other countries 260
Total 36,502
The amount of beer produced is estimated at considerably over
150,000,000 barrels annually. This is a pre-war estimate, and would
have to be increased to bring it up to date, excepting in the United
States.
Consumption of Liquors in Principal Countries, in Gallons
COUNTRIES YEAR MALT LIQUORS WINE ALCOHOL
United States 1914 2,053,457,000 52,418,000 *146,397,000
United Kingdom 1913 1,508,358,000 13,705,000 43,538,000
Russia 1910 269,533,000 229,722,000
Germany 1913 1,817,968,000 55,467,000 98,863,000
France 1912 418,500,000 1,758,900,000 80,096,000
Spain 1912 350,343,000
Belgium 1912 446,422,000 8,453,000 12,812,000
Italy 1912 19,126,000 1,125,366,000 12,046,000
Austria 1912 563,978,000 (a) 129,126,000 (b) 54,657,000
Sweden 1912 70,216,000 819,000 10,065,000
Norway 1913 13,500,000 1,030,000 2,338,000
Denmark 1912 61,499,000 1,004,000 6,842,000
Portugal 1909 146,271,000
Netherlands 1913 46,893,000 2,052,000 8,483,000
Switzerland 1912 82,051,000 62,344,000 3,857,000
Hungary 1912 88,365,000 53,838,000 (c) 43,667,000
Rilmania 1909 4,914,000 33,682,000 6,657,000
Bulgaria 1909 3,196,000 34,870,000 581,000
Total 7,467,976,000 3,829,688,000 760,621,000
NOTE.— Alcohol in United States proof gallons (at 50 per cent) .
* Distilled spirits. (a) Year 1911. (b) Yqar 1910. (c) Year 1909.
Later data of some foreign countries not available because of war.
—American Encyclopedia for 1920.
Comparative Annual Cost of Liquor, Tobacco, and Other Things
in the United States Before Prohibition
Intoxicating liquor $1,752,000,000
Tobacco 1,200,000,000
Iron and steel 1,035,000,000
Jewelry and plate 800,000,000
552 BIBLE READINGS
Printing and publishing 750,000,000
Lumber 700,000,000
Cotton goods 675,000,000
Automobiles 500,000,000
Woolen and worsted goods 475,000,000
Flour 455,000,000
Boots and shoes 450,090,000
Public education 371,000,000
Sugar and molasses 310,000,000
Furniture 245,000,000
Silk goods 240,000,000
Potatoes 210,000,000
Confectionery 200,000,000
Church and home work 175,000,000
Soft drinks 120,000,000
Tea and coffee 100,000,000
Brick 100,000,000
Millinery 90,000,000
Patent medicines 80,000,000
Chewing-gum 13,000,000
Foreign missions 12,000,000
Nuns.— "Grape-juice has killed more people than grape-shot."
— Spurgeon.
"0 that men should put an enemy in their mouths, to steal away
their brains!" — Shakespeare.
"The liquor traffic is the most degrading and ruinous of all human
pursuits." — William McKinley.
"All its history is written in tears and blood."— Robert J. Burdette.
"In every community three things always work together,— the
grog-shop, the jail, and the gallows,— an infernal trinity." — Henry
Ward Beecher.
"Give me a sober population, not wasting their earnings in strong
drink, and I will know where to get my revenue." — William E. Gladstone.
"I have looked into a thousand homes of the working people of Europe;
I do not know how many in this country. In every case, as far as my
observation goes, drunkenness was at the bottom of the misery."— Carroll
D. Wright, former Commissioner of Labor, U. S. A.
"The liquor traffic is a hydra-headed monster, which, with cease-
less and tireless energy, wastes the substance of the poor, manufactures
burdensome taxes for the public, monopolizes the time of courts, fills
the jails and penitentiaries and asylums, terrorizes helpless women and
children, and mocks the law." — Gen. Nelson A. Miles.
?I have no sympathy with the statement, so often made, that the
manufacture and sale of liquor have contributed to the industrial develop-
ment of the nation. On the contrary, I believe that liquor has contrib-
uted more to the moral, intellectual, and material deterioration of the
people, and has brought more misery to defenseless women and children,
than has any other agency in the history of mankind." — John Mitchell,
vice-president American Federation of Labor.
"The saloon is the mortal enemy of peace and order, the despoiler
of man and the terror of women, the cloud that shadows the face of chil-
dren, the demon that has dug more graves and sent more souls unshriven
to _judgment than all the plagues that have wasted life since the plagues
of Egypt, or all the wars since Joshua stood before Jericho."— Henry W.
Grady.
 SCRIPTURE ADMONITIONS
(A RESPONSIVE READING)
"Woe unto them that rise up early in the morning, that they
may follow strong drink; that continue until night, till wine in-
flame them! " Isa. 5: 11.
"And the harp, and the viol, the tabret, and pipe, and wine,
are in their feasts: but they regard not the work of the Lord,
neither consider the operation of His hands." Verse 12.
"And the Lord spake unto Aaron, saying, Do not drink wine
nor strong drink, thou, nor thy sons with thee." Lev. 10: 8, 9.
"They shall not drink wine with a song; strong drink shall
be bitter to them that drink it." Isa. 24: 9.
"It is not for kings, 0 Lemuel, it is not for kings to drink wine;
nor for princes strong drink." Prov. 31:4.
"Woe to the crown of pride, to the drunkards of Ephraim,
whose glorious beauty is a fading flower." Isa. 28: 1.
"He that loveth pleasure shall be a poor man: he that loveth
wine and oil shall not be rich." Prov. 21: 17.
"For the drunkard and the glutton shall come to poverty:
and drowsiness shall clothe a man with rags." Prov. 23: 21.
"Woe unto him that giveth his neighbor drink, that puttest thy
bottle to him, and makest him drunken also." Hab. 2: 15.
" Woe unto them that are mighty to drink wine, and men
of strength to mingle strong drink." Isa. 5: 22.
"Be not drunk with wine, wherein is excess; but be filled with
the Spirit." Eph. 5: 18.
"Wine is a mocker, strong drink is raging: and whosoever
is deceived thereby is not wise." Prov. 20: 1.
"Who hath woe? who hath sorrow? who hath contentions? who
hath babbling? who hath wounds without cause? who hath redness
of eyes?" Prov. 23:29.
"They that tarry long at the wine; they that go to seek
mixed wine." Verse 30.
"Look not thou upon the wine when it is red, when it giveth his
color in the cup, when it moveth itself aright." Verse 31.
"At the last it biteth like a serpent, and stingeth like an
adder." Verse 32.
"Be not deceived: neither fornicators, nor idolaters, nor adul-
terers, . . . nor thieves, nor covetous, nor drunkards, nor
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554 BIBLE READINGS

revilers, nor extortioners, shall inherit the kingdom of God."

1 Cor. 6: 9, 10.
"Now therefore beware, I pray thee, and drink not wine
nor strong drink, and eat not any unclean thing." Judges 13: 4.
"Know ye not that your body is the temple of the Holy Ghost
which is in you, which ye have of God, and ye are not your
own?" 1 Cor. 6: 19.
"For ye are bought with a price: therefore glorify God in
your body, and in your spirit, which are God's.' Verse 20.
"Whether therefore ye eat, or drink, or whatsoever ye do, do all
to the glory of God." 1 Cor. 10: 31.

TRUE TEMPERANCE REFORM

1. WHAT was the original food provided for man?
"And God said, Behold, I have given you every herb bearing
seed, which is upon the face of all the earth, and every tree, in
the which is the fruit of a tree yielding seed; to you it shall be for
meat." Gen. 1:29.
NOTE.- In other words, vegetables, grains, fruits, and nuts.
2. After the flood what other food was indicated as per-
missible?
"Every moving thing that liveth shall be meat for you; even as
the green herb have I given you all things." Gen. 9: 3.
NorE.— From this it is evident that flesh food was not included in the
original diet provided for man, but that on account of the changed condi-
tions resulting from the fall and the flood, its use was permitted.
3. When God chose Israel for His people, what kinds of flesh
food were excluded from their diet?
Those called unclean. See Leviticus 11 and Deuteron-
omy 14.
4. What special food did God provide for the children of
Israel during their forty years' wandering in the wilderness?
"Then said the Lord unto Moses, Behold, I will rain bread
from heaven for you." "And the children of Israel did eat
manna forty years, until they came to a land inhabited." Ex.
16:4, 35.
5. At the same time what did God promise to do for them?
" I will take sickness away from the midst of thee." Ex.
23: 25.
 TRUE TEMPERANCE REFORM 555
6. What testimony does the psalmist bear regarding their
physical condition?
"There was not one feeble person among their tribes."
Ps. 105: 37.
NOTE.— When they complained at God's dealings with them, and
longed for the food of Egypt, God gave them their desires, but sent "lean-
ness into their soul." See Numbers 11; Ps. 106:13-15. 1 Cor. 10:6.
Like many today, they were not content with a simple but wholesome
and nourishing diet.
7. Where, above all, should true temperance reform begin?
In the home.
NOTE.— Unless fathers and mothers practise temperance, they can-
not expect their children to do so.
8. What classes of men especially should be strictly tem-
perate?
"Be thou an example of the believers." 1 Tim. 4: 12.
No Of all men in the world, ministers and physicians should lead
strictly temperate lives. The welfare of society demands this of them,
for their influence is constantly telling for or against moral reform and
the improvement of society. By precept and example they can do much
toward bringing about the much-needed reform.
9. Can the fact that the liquor traffic brings in a large reve-
nue to the state justify men in licensing it?
"Woe to him that buildeth a town with blood, and stablish-
eth a city by iniquity." Hab. 2: 12.
Non.— In all the walks and relationships of life, whether in the
home, the medical profession, the pulpit, or the legislative assembly,
men should stand for temperance. To license the liquor traffic is to
legalize and foster it. It cannot exist nor thrive without the patronage
of each rising generation, a large number of whom it must necessarily
ruin, body, soul, and spirit. For the state to receive money from such
a source, therefore, must be highly reprehensible. The practise has fit-
tingly been likened to a father catching sharks, and baiting his hook with
his own children.
 PART XVIII
The Kingdom Restored

THE KINGDOM OF GLORY

1. WHO is to reign finally over God's kingdom?
"And Thou, 0 tower of the flock [Christ], . . . unto
Thee shall it come, even the first dominion." Micah 4: 8.
2. When asked if He was a king, what did Christ say?
"To this end was I born, and for this cause came I into the
world." John 18: 37.
3. In His transfiguration how did Christ appear?
"His face did shine as the sun, and His raiment was white
as the light." Matt. 17: 2.
4. Who else appeared on this occasion?
"There appeared unto them Moses and Elias." Verse 3.
NoTE.— In this miniature reresentation of Christ's kingdom, as in His
triumphal entry into Jerusalem (Matt. 21:1-9), Christ appeared as King;
Moses (Jude 9) represented the sleeping saints to be raised at Christ's
coming; and Elijah (2 Kings 2:11) the living saints to be translated then.
5. For what purpose will Christ come again?
"To be glorified in His saints." 2 Thess. 1: 10
6. Of what will the saints speak?
"They shall speak of the glory of Thy kingdom." Ps. 145: 11
7. How enduring is this kingdom to be?
"Thy kingdom is an everlasting kingdom." Verse 13.

THE SAINTS' INHERITANCE

1. How great reward has God promised those that love Him?
"But as it is written, Eye hath not seen, nor ear heard,
neither have entered into the heart of man, the things which
God hath prepared for them that love Him." 1 Cor. 2: 9.
2. By what have these things been revealed to us?
"But God hath revealed them unto us by His Spirit: for
[5561
 THE SAINTS' INHERITANCE 557
the Spirit searcheth all things, yea, the deep things of God."
Verse 10.
3. What reward awaits the true child of God?
"But now being made free from sin, and become servants
to God, ye have your fruit unto holiness, and the end ever-
lasting life." Rom. 6: 22.
4. What will he reap who sows to the Spirit?
"He that soweth to the Spirit shall of the Spirit reap life
everlasting." Gal. 6: 8.
5. For what purpose did God give His Son to the world?
"For God so loved the world, that He gave His only begotten
Son, that whosoever believeth in Him should not perish, but
have everlasting life John 3: 16.
6. What is to be the reward of those whose works are good?
"Who will render to every man according to his deeds:
. . . glory, honor, and peace, to every man that worketh good."
Rom. 2: 6-10.
7. What will he receive who endures temptation?
"Blessed is the man that endureth temptation: for when he
is tried, he shall receive the crown of life, which the Lord hath
promised to them that love Him." James 1: 12.
8. What promise is made to them that walk uprightly?
"For the Lord God is a sun and shield: the Lord will give
grace and glory: no good thing will He withhold from them that
walk uprightly. Ps. 84: 11.
9. What are the meek to inherit?
"But the meek shall inherit the earth; and shall delight them-
selves in the abundance of peace." Ps. 37: 11.
10. What is promised to the willing and obedient?
"If ye be willing and obedient, ye shall eat the good of the
land." Isa. 1: 19.
11. What delights and pleasures await the child of God?
"Thou wilt show me. the path of life: in Thy presence is
fulness of joy; at Thy right hand there are pleasures forever-
more." Ps. 16: 11.
 PROMISES TO THE OVERCOMER
1. WHAT are we admonished to overcome?
"Be not overcome of evil, but overcome evil with good."
Rom. 12: 21.
NoTE.— In John 5: 4 that which we are to overcome is called "the
world;" and in 1 John 2: 15-17 the things of which "the world" consists
are descrioed as "the lust of the flesh, and the lust of the eye, and the pride
of life."
2. What only can overcome the world?
"For whatsoever is born of God overcometh the world."
1 John 5: 4.
3. What gives us the victory in our conflict with the world?
"And this is the victory that overcometh the world, even
our faith." Same verse.
4. What promises are made by Christ to the overcomer?
(a) "To him that overcometh will I give to eat of the tree of
life, which is in the midst of the paradise of God." Rev. 2: 7.
(b) "He that overcometh shall not be hurt of the second
death." Verse 11.
(c) "To him that overcometh will I give to eat of the hidden
manna, and will give him a white stone, and in the stone a
new name written, which no man knoweth saving he that re-
ceiveth it." Verse 17.
(d) "He that overcometh, and keepeth My works unto the
end, to him will I give power over the nations: and he shall rule
them with a rod of iron; as the vessels of a potter shall they be
broken to shivers: even as I received of My Father. And I
will give him the morning star." Verses 26-28.
(e) "He that overcometh, the same shall be clothed in white
raiment; and I will not blot out his name out of the book of life, but
I will confess his name before My Father, and before His angels."
Rev. 3: 5.
(f) "Him that overcometh will I make a pillar in the temple
of My God, and he shall go no more out: and I will write upon him
the name of My God, and the name of the city of My God, which
is New Jerusalem, which cometh down out of heaven from My
God: and I will write upon him My new name." Verse 12.
(g) "To him that overcometh will I grant to sit with Me in
My throne, even as I also overcame, and am set down with My
Father in His throne." Verse 21.
5. In what one promise are all these promises summed up?
[558]
 PROMISES TO THE OVERCOMER 559
"He that overcometh shall inherit all things; and I will be his
God, and he shall be My son." Rev. 21: 7.
NoTa.— Here are the exceeding great and precious promises to the
overcomer, eight in number. They embrace everything,— eternal life,
health, happiness, and an everlasting home. What more could be asked?

THE SUBJECTS OF THE KINGDOM

1. UPON whom was the name Israel first bestowed?
"And he said, Thy name shall be called no more Jacob, but
Israel: for as a prince hast thou power with God and with men,
and hast prevailed." Gen. 32:28.
NOTE.— Israel means a "prince," or "one who prevails with God."
2. Afterward who came to be called by this title?
"Now these are the names of the children of Israel, which
came into Egypt; . . . Reuben, Simeon,Levi, and Judah,
Issachar, Zebulun, and Benjamin, Dan, an Naphtali, Gad,
and Asher. . . . Joseph." Ex. 1: 1-5.
NOTE.— In other words, the descendants of Jacob, the grandson of
Abraham, were known as the twelve tribes of Israel.
3. What special blessings were conferred on the Israelites?
"Who are Israelites; to whom pertaineth the adoption, and
the glory, and the covenants, and the giving of the law, and the
service of God, and the promises; whose are the fathers, and of
whom as concerning the flesh Christ came, who is over all."
Rom. 9: 4, 5.
4. Who constitute the true Israel, or seed of Abraham?
"They are not all Israel, which are of Israel: neither, be-
cause they are the seed of Abraham, are they all children: but,
In Isaac shall thy seed be called. That is, They which are the
children of the flesh, these are not the children of God: but the
children of the promise are counted for the seed." Verses 6-8.
5. What did John the Baptist say to the Pharisees and Sad-
ducees who came to his baptism?
"And think not to say within yourselves, We hiave Abraham
to our father: for I say unto you, that God is able of these stones
to raise up children unto Abraham." Matt. 3: 9.
6. What determines whether one is a child of Abraham?
"Know ye therefore that they which are of faith, the same are
the children of Abraham." Gal. 3: 7.
560 BIBLE READINGS
Noma.— Because of unbelief many of the Israelites fell in the wilder-
ness, and were not permitted to enter the promised land. Num. 14: 27-
33; Deut. 1:34-36.
7. To whom must one belong in order to be Abraham's seed?
"And if ye be Christ's, then are ye Abraham's seed, and heirs
according to the promise." Verse 29.
8. In what scripture are Christians recognized as Israel?
"And as many as walk according to this rule, peace be on
them, and mercy, and upon the Israel of God." Gal. 6: 16.
9. To whom is the epistle of James addressed?
"James, a servant of God and of the Lord Jesus Christ, to
the twelve tribes which are scattered abroad, greeting." James
1: 1.
10. To whom is the gospel the power of God unto salvation?
"For I am not ashamed of the gospel of Christ: for it is the
power of God unto salvation to every one that believeth; to the
Jew first, and also to the Greek.". Rom. 1: 16.
11. To whom did Jesus first send the twelve disciples?
"These twelve Jesus sent forth, and commanded them,
saying, Go not into the way of the Gentiles, and into any
city of the Samaritans enter ye not: but go rather to the lost
sheep of the house of Israel." Matt. 10: 5, 6.
12. When the woman of Canaan came to Christ, beseeching
Him to heal her daughter, what did He say?
"But He answered and said, I am not sent but unto the lost
sheep of the house of Israel." Matt. 15: 24.
13. When she persisted in her request, and fell down to
worship Him, what did He say?
"But He answered and said, It is not meet to take the chil-
dren's bread, and to cast it to dogs." Verse 26.
NOTE.- By her persistent faith, this woman, although a Canaanite,
showed that she was really a true child of Abraham.
14. While dining with Zaccheus, what did Christ say?
"This day is salvation come to this house, forsomuch as he
also is a son of Abraham." Luke 19:9.
15. What did He say to the woman of Samaria as to the
source of salvation?
"Ye worship ye know not what: we know what we worship:
for salvation is of the Jews." John 4: 22.
 THE SUBJECTS OF THE KINGDOM 561
16. When the Jews rejected Paul's preaching of the gospel,
what did he and Barnabas say?
"Then Paul and Barnabas waxed bold, and said, It was
necessary that the word of God should first have been spoken
to you: but seeing ye put it from you, and judge yourselves un-
worthy of everlasting life, lo, we turn to the Gentiles." Acts
13: 46.
Nam.— From all this it is plain that had not the Jews as a nation
rejected Christ, they would still have maintained the preeminence as
the children of God, and as God's light-bearers to the world. But on
account of this rejection, they were rejected as God's peculiar people,
and others took their place, and now bear the name of Israel in common
with those who were first called by that name.
17. Under what figure are the Gentile, believers represented
who have become a part of the true Israel of God?
"And if some of the branches be broken off, and thou,
being a wild olive-tree, wert grafted in among them, and with
them partakest of the root and fatness of the olive-tree; boast
not against the branches." Rom. 11: 17, 18.
18. Lest the Gentile grafts should boast, saying that the
Jews were broken off to let them come in, what warning is
given them?
"Well; because of unbelief they were broken off, and thou
standest by faith. Be not high-minded, but fear: for if God
spared not the natural branches, take heed lest He also spare
not thee." Vises 20, 21.
19. What encouragement is held out concerning the branches
which have been broken off?
"And they also, if they abide not still in unbelief, shall be
grafted in: for God is able to graft them in again." Verse 23.
20. What will be the final result of the gospel?
"And so all Israel shall be saved." Verse 26.
21. Before Gentiles become Israelites, in what condition
are they?
"Wherefore remember, that ye being in time past Gentiles,
. . . at that time ye were without Christ, being aliens from
the commonwealth of Israel, and strangers from the covenants
of promise, having no hope, and without God in the world." Eph.
2: 11, 12.
NOTE.- If, in order to be saved, Gentiles must become Israelites
as is everywhere asserted, then, when converted from their Gentile ways
to the ways of Israel, they certainly must have faith in Christ, and their
36
562 BIBLE READINGS
lives must conform to the moral law which God gave to Israel, otherwise
it would not be the commonwealth of Israel, but of the Gentiles. The
writing of the law in the heart is one of the provisions of the new covenant
with true Israel. See Jer. 31: 31-34; Heb. 8: 8-12.
22. How are God's remnant people described?
"Here is the patience of the saints: here are they that keep
the commandments of God, and the faith of Jesus." Rev. 14: 12.
23. Whose names are in the foundations of the holy city?
"And the wall of the city had twelve foundations, and in
them the names of the twelve apostles of the Lamb." Rev. 21: 14.
24. Whose names are on the twelve gates of the city?
"And [the wall] had twelve gates, and at the gates twelve
angels, and names written thereon, which are the names of the
twelve tribes of the children of Israel.
" Verse 12.
25. Who will walk in the light of the city?
"And the nations of them which are saved shall walk in the
light of it: and the kings of the earth do bring their glory and
honor into it." Verse 24.
Nov.—
n This city, the New Jerusalem, will be tor all the nations
of the sa,ved; and yet all who enter therein will enter through gates on
which are written the names of the twelve tribes of Israel, from which it
is evident that all who are saved will belong to Israel. The name Israel
will be perpetuated in the new earth state, and very appropriately so,
because of its meaning. All who share in that future home of the saved
will be overcomers— princes and. prevailers with God. See Rev. 3: 12;
21: 7. Christ recognized this division of the saved into twelve nations,
in selecting His apostles. He chose twelve. He recognized it again
when to the twelve He said: "Ye which have followed Me, in the regenera-
tion when the Son of man shall sit in the throne of His glory, ye also shall
sit upon twelve thrones, judging the twelve tribes of Israel.' Matt. 19: 28.
And the apostles, after Christ's resurrection and ascension, themselves
recognized it, when, to fill the place of Judas, who fell, they appointed
another, in order to preserve the proper number, twelve.

ETERNAL LIFE
1. WHAT precious promise has God made to His children?
"And this is the promise that He hath promised us, even
eternal life." 1 John 2: 25.
2. How may we obtain eternal life?
"For God so loved the world, that He gave His only be-
gotten Son, that whosoever believeth in Him should not perish,
but have everlasting life." John 3: 16.
3. Who has everlasting life?
 ETERNAL LIFE 563
"He that believeth on the Son hath everlasting life." Verse 36.
4. Where is this everlasting or eternal life?
"And this is the record, that God bath given to us eternal
life, and this life is in His Son." 1 John 5: 11.
5. What therefore follows?
"He that hath the Son hath life; and he that hath not the
Son of God bath not life." Verse 12.
6.• What does Christ give His followers?
"I give unto them eternal life; and they shall never perish."
John 10: 28.
7. Why, after the fall, was man shut away from the tree
of life?
"Lest he put forth his hand, and take also of the tree of life,
and eat, and live forever." Gen. 3: 22.
8. What has Christ promised the overcomer?
"To him that overcometh will I give to eat of the tree of life,
which is in the midst of the paradise of God." Rev. 2: 7.
9. To what is the life of the redeemed compared?
"For as the days of a tree are the days of My people, and
Mine elect shall long enjoy the work of their hands." Isa.
65:22.
10. When will immortality be conferred upon the saints?
"We shall not all sleep, but we shall all be changed, in a
moment, in the twinkling of an eye, at the last trump: for the
trumpet shall sound, and the dead shall be raised incorruptible,
and we shall be changed. For this corruptible must put on in-
corruption, and this mortal must put on immortality." 1 Cor.
15 : 51-53.
NOTE.- In accepting Christ the believer receives "that eternal life,
which was with the Father," and this eternal life he retains as long as Christ
dwells in the heart by faith. This wondrous gift may be lost by failure
to maintain the faith which holds Christ fast. At the resurrection, im-
mortality is conferred upon those who have fallen asleep in Christ, and thus
the possession of eternal life becomes a permanent experience.

THE HOME OF THE SAVED

1. Fon what purpose was the earth created?
"For thus saith the Lord that created the heavens; God
Himself that formed the earth and made it; He bath established
it, He created it not in vain, He formed it to be inhabited."
Isa. 45: 18.
564 BIBLE READINGS

2. To whom has God given the earth?

"The heaven, even the heavens, are the Lord's: but the
earth hath He given to the children of men." Ps. 115: 16.
3. For what purpose was man made?
"Thou madest him to have dominion over the works of Thy
hands; Thou hast put all things under his feet." Ps. 8:6.
See Gen. 1:26; Heb. 2: 8.
4. How did man lose his dominion?
Through sin. Rom. 5: 12; 6: 23.
5. When man lost his dominion, to whom did he yield it?
"For of whom a man is overcome, of the same is he brought
in bondage." 2 Peter 2: 19.
NoTE.— Man was overcome by Satan in the garden of Eden, and
there yielded himself and his possessions into the hands of his captor.
6. In tempting Christ, what ownership did Satan claim?
"And the devil, taking Him up into an high mountain,
showed unto Him all the kingdoms of the world in a moment
of time. And the devil said unto Him, All this power will I
give Thee, and the glory of them: for that is delivered unto me;
and to whomsoever I will I give it." Luke 4: 5, 6.
7. Through whom is this first dominion to be restored?
"And Thou, 0 tower of the flock ,the stronghold of the daughter
of Zion, unto Thee shall it come, even the first dominion; the king-
dom shall come to the daughter of Jerusalem." Micah 4: 8.
NOTE.— The "tower of the flock" is Christ.
8. Why did Christ say the meek are blessed?
"Blessed are the meek: for they shall inherit the earth."
Matt. 5: 5.
NOTE.— This inheritance cannot be realized in this life; for here the
truly meek generally have little of earth's good things.
9. Who does David say have most now?
"For I was envious at the foolish, when I saw the prosperity
of the wicked. . . . Their eyes stand out with fatness:
they have more than heart could wish." Ps. 73: 3-7.
10. Where are the righteous to be recompensed?
"Behold, the righteous shall be recompensed in the earth:
m ich more the wicked and the sinner." Prov. 11: 31.
11. What will be the difference between the portion of
the righteous and the wicked?
 THE HOME OF THE SAVED 565
"Wait on the Lord, and keep His way, and He shall exalt
thee to inherit the land: when the wicked are cut off, thou shalt
see it." Ps. 37: 34.
12. What promise was made to Abraham concerning the
land?
"And the Lord said unto Abram, after that Lot was sep-
arated from him, Lift up now thine eyes, and look from the
place where thou art northward, and southward, and eastward,
and westward: for all the land which thou seest, to thee will I
give it, and to thy SEED forever." Gen. 13: 14, 15.
13. How much did this promise comprehend?
"For the promise, that he should be the heir of the world, was
not to Abraham, or to his seed, through the law, but through
the righteousness of faith." Rom. 4: 13.
14. How much of the land of Canaan did Abraham own
in his lifetime?
"And He gave him none inheritance in it, no, not so much
as to set his foot on: yet He promised that He would give it to
him for a possession, and to his seed after him, when as yet he
had no child." Acts 7: 5. See Heb. 11: 13.
15. How much of the promised possession did Abraham
expect during his lifetime?
"By faith Abraham, when he was called to go out into
a place which he should after receive for an inheritance, obeyed;
and he went out, not knowing whither he went. By faith
he sojourned in the land of promise, as in a strange country,
dwelling in tabernacles with Isaac and Jacob, the heirs with
him of the same promise: for he looked for a city which hath
foundations, whose builder and maker is God." Heb. 11: 8-10.
16. Who is the seed to whom this promise was made?
"Now to Abraham and his seed were the promises made.
He saith not, And to seeds, as of many; but as of one, And to
'thy seed, which is Christ." Gal. 3:16.
17. Who are heirs of the promise?
"And if ye be Christ's, then are ye Abraham's seed, and heirs
according to the promise." Verse 29.
18. Why did not these ancient worthies receive the promise?
"And these all, having obtained a good report through
faith, received not the promise: God having provided some
better thing for us, that they without us should not be made per-
fect." Heb. 11:39, 40.
566 BIBLE READINGS
19. What is to become of our earth in the day of the Lord?
"But the day of the Lord will come as a thief in the night;
in the which the heavens shall pass away with a great noise,
and the elements shall melt with fervent heat, the earth also and
the works that are therein shall be burned up." 2 Peter 3: 10.
20. What will follow this great conflagration?
"Nevertheless we, according to His promise, look for new
heavens and a new earth, wherein dwelleth righteousness."
Verse 13.
Nom.— As shown in the reading on "The Millennium," page 259,
at the coming of Christ, the living wicked will die, and the saints will be
taken to heaven to dwell with Christ a thousand years, or until the wicked
of all ages are judged, and the time comes for their destruction and the
purification of the earth by the fires of the last day. Following this, the
earth will be formed anew, and man, redeemed from sin, will be restored
to his original dominion.
21. To what Old Testament promise did Peter evidently
refer?
"For, behold, I create new heavens and a new earth: and
the former shall not be remembered, nor come into mind."
Isa. 65: 17.
22. What was shown the apostle John in vision?
"And I saw a new heaven and a new earth: for the first
heaven and the first earth were passed away; and there was
no more sea." Rev. 21: 1.
23. What will the saints do in the new earth?
"And they shall build houses, and inhabit them; and they
shall plant vineyards, and eat the fruit of them. They shall
not build, and another inhabit; they shall not plant, and an-
other eat: for as the days of a tree are the days of My people,
and Mine elect shall long enjoy the work of their hands. They
shall not labor in vain, nor bring forth for trouble; for they are
the seed of the blessed of the Lord, and their offspring with
them." Isa. 65: 21-23.
24. How readily will their wants be supplied?
"And it shall come to pass, that before they call, I will
answer; and while they are yet speaking, I will hear." Verse 24.
25. What peaceful condition will reign throughout the
earth then?
"The wolf and the lamb shall feed together, and the lion
shall eat straw like the bullock: and dust shall be the serpent's
meat. They shall not hurt nor destroy in all My holy moun-
tain, saith the Lord." Verse 25.
 THE HOME OF THE SAVED 567
26. What seasons of worship will be observed in the new
earth?
"For as the new heavens and the new earth, which I shall
make, shall remain before Me, saith the Lord, so shall your
soled and your name remain. And it shall come to pass, that
from one new moon to another, and from one Sabbath to another,
shall all flesh come to worship before Me, saith the Lord."
Isa. 66: 22, 23.
27. What will the ransomed of the Lord then do?
"And the ransomed of the Lord shall return, and come to
Zion with songs and everlasting joy upon their heads: they shall
obtain joy and gladness, and sorrow and sighing shall flee
away." Isa. 35: 10.
28. How extensive will be the reign of Christ?
"He shall have dominion also from sea to sea, and from
the river unto the ends of the earth." Ps. 72: 8.
29. What does Daniel say of this kingdom?
"And the kingdom and dominion, and the greatness of the
kingdom under the whole heaven, shall be given to the people of
the saints of the Most High, whose kingdom is an everlasting
kingdom, and all dominions shall serve and obey Him." Dan.
7:27.
Norm.— Let imagination picture the home of the saved fair and
beautiful as it may, yet remember that it will be more glorious than our
brightest imagination can conceive. See 1 Cor. 2: 9.

THE NEW JERUSALEM

1. WHAT was one of Christ's parting promises to His dis-
ciples?
"In My Father's house are many mansions: if it were not
so, I would have told you. I go to prepare a place for you."
John 14:2.
2. What does Paul say God has prepared for His people?
"But now they desire a better country, that is, an heavenly:
wherefore God is not ashamed to be called their God: for He
hath prepared for them a city." Heb. 11: 16.
3. Where is this city, and what is it called?
"But Jerusalem which is above is free, which is the mother
of us all." Gal. 4: 26.
568 BIBLE READINGS

4. For what did Abraham look?

"For he looked for a city which hath foundations, whose
builder and maker is God." Heb. 11: 10.
5. What assurance has God given to believers?
" God is not ashamed to be called their God: for He hath
prepared for them a city." Heb. 11: 16.
6. What did John see concerning this city?
"And I John saw the holy city, New Jerusalem, coming
down from God out of heaven, prepared as a bride adorned for
her husband." Rev. 21: 2.
7. How many foundations has this city?
"And the wall of the city had twelve foundations, and in
them the names of the twelve apostles of the Lamb." Verse 14.
8. What is the measurement of the city?
"And the city lieth foursquare, and the length is as large
as the breadth: and he measured the city with the reed, twelve
thousand furlongs." Verse 16.
Norx.— The measure around it, as the words length and breadth
imply, and as was the early custom of measuring cities, is 12,000 furlongs.
This is equal to 1,500 miles, 375 miles on each side, making a perfect
square. The area of this city is therefore 140,625 square miles, or 90,-
000,000 acres, or 3,920,400,000,000 square feet. Allowing 100 square feet
to each person, or a space ten feet square, the city would hold 39,204,000,-
000 persons, or twenty-six times the present population of the globe.
9. What is the height of the wall?
"And he measured the wall thereof, an hundred and forty
and four cubits." Verse 17.
NOTE.- One hundred and forty-four cubits are equal to 216 feet.
10. Of what material is the wall constructed?
"And the building of the wall of it was of jasper: and the city
was pure gold, like unto clear glass." Verse 18.
11. With what are the twelve foundations adorned?
"And the foundations of the wall of the city were garnished
with all manner of precious stones. The first foundation was
jasper; the second, sapphire; the third, a chalcedony; the fourth,
an emerald; the fifth, sardonyx; the sixth, sardius; the seventh,
chrysolite; the eighth, beryl; the ninth, a topaz; the tenth, a
chrysoprasus; the eleventh, a jacinth; the twelfth, an amethyst."
Verses 19, 20. See Ex. 28: 15-21; Isa. 54: 11, 12.
 THE NEW JERUSALEM 569
12. Of what are the twelve gates composed?
"And the twelve gates were twelve pearls: every several
gate was of one pearl." Rev. 21:21.
13. What is written on these gates?
"The names of the twelve tribes of the children of Israel."
Verse 12.
14. Of what are the streets of the city composed?
"And the street of the city was pure gold, as it were trans-
parent glass." Verse 21.
15. Why will this city have no need of the sun or moon?
"And the city had no need of the sun, neither of the moon,
to shine in it: for the glory of God did lighten it, and the Lamb
is the light thereof. And the nations of them which are saved
shall walk in the light of it : and the kings of the earth do bring
their glory and honor into it." Verses 23, 24. See Rev.
22:5; Isa. 60: 19, 20.
16. Why are its gates not to be closed?
"And the gates of it shall not be shut at all by day: for
there shall be no night there." Rev. 21: 25.
17. What will be excluded from this city?
"And there shall in no wise enter into it anything that de-
fileth, neither whatsoever worketh abomination, or maketh a lie."
Verse 27.
18. Who will be permitted to enter it?
"Blessed are they that do His commandments, that they may
have right to the tree of life, and may enter in through the gates
into the city." Rev. 22: 14.
Nom— The late English and American revisions render this, "Blessed
are they that wash their robes," etc. The result is the same, for those who
wash their robes cease to sin, and hence do God's commandments.
19. When this city becomes the metropolis of the new earth,
what will be the condition of God's people?
"And God shall wipe away all tears from their eyes; and
there shall be no more death, neither sorrow, nor crying, neither
shall there be any more pain: for the former things are passed
away." Rev. 21:4.
20. What will flow through the city?
"And he showed me a pure river of water of life, clear as
570 BIBLE READINGS
crystal, proceeding out of the throne of God and of the Lamb."
Rev. 22: 1.
21. What stands on either side of the river?
"In the midst of the street of it, and on either side of the
river, was there the tree of life, which bare twelve manner of
fruits, and yielded her fruit every month: and the leaves of
the tree were for the healing of the nations." Verse 2.
NOTE.- The tree of life which Adam lost through transgression is to
be restored by Christ. Access to this is one of the promises to the over-
comer. Rev. 2:7. Its bearing twelve kinds of fruit, a new kind each
month, suggests a reason why in the new earth "from one new moon to
another," as well as "from one Sabbath to another," all flesh is to come
before God to worship, as stated in Isa. 66: 22, 23.
22. What will be the privilege of those who enter there?
"And they shall see His face." Rev. 22:3, 4. See Matt.
5:8; Heb. 12: 14; 1 Cor. 13: 12.

THE CONFLICT ENDED

1. IN narrating the work of creation, what statement is
made concerning its completion?
"Thus the heavens and the earth were finished, and all
the host of them. And on the seventh day God ended His work
which He had made." Gen. 2: 1, 2.
2. When expiring on the cross, what did Christ say?
"When Jesus therefore had received the vinegar, He said,
It is finished: and He bowed His head, and gave up the ghost."
John 19: 30.
3. At the pouring out of the seventh plague, what an-
nouncement will be made?
"And the seventh angel poured out his vial into the air;
and there came a great voice out of the temple of heaven,
from the throne, saying, It is done." Rev. 16: 17.
4. And when the new heavens and the new earth have ap-
peared, and the holy city, New Jerusalem, has descended
from God and become the metropolis of the new creation,
what announcement will then be made?
"And He that sat upon the throne said, Behold, I make
all things new. And He said unto me, Write: for these words
are true and faithful. And He said unto me, It is done. I
am Alpha and Omega, the beginning and the end." Rev.
21:5, 6.
 THE CONFLICT ENDED 571
5. In the new earth, what will be no more?
"And God shall wipe away all tears from their eyes; and
there shall be no more death, neither sorrow, nor crying, neither
shall there be any more pain: for the former things are passed
away." Verse 4. "And there shall be no more curse." Rev.
22:
6. What will then be the condition of all the earth?
"The wolf also shall dwell with the lamb, and the leopard
shall lie down with the kid; and the calf and the young lion
and the fatling together; and a little child shall lead them.
And the cow and the bear shall feed; their young ones shall
lie down together: and the lion shall eat straw like the ox. And
the, sucking child shall play on the hole of the asp, and the
weaned child shall put his hand on the cockatrice' den. They
shall not hurt nor destroy in all My holy mountain: for the
earth shall be full of the knowledge of the Lord, as the waters
cover the sea." Isa. 11: 6-9.
7. How does the prophet again speak of this time?
"The whole earth is at rest, and is quiet: they break forth
into singing." Isa. 14: 7.
8. What universal chorus of praise will then be heard?
"And every creature which is in heaven, and on the earth,
and under the earth, and such as are in the sea, and all that
are in them, heard I saying, Blessing, and honor, and glory,
and power,be unto Him that sitteth upon the throne, and unto
the Lamb forever and ever." Rev. 5: 13.

PLEASURES FOREVERMORE
1. WHAT will finally be the privilege of God's children?
"And they shall see His face." Rev. 22: 4.
2. How perfect will be their knowledge of God?
"For now we see through a glass, darkly; but then face
to face: now I know in part; but then shall I know even as also
I am known." 1 Cor. 13: 12.
3. Whom will they be like?
"Beloved, now are we the sons of God, and it doth not
yet appear what we shall be: but we know that, when He shall
appear, we shall be like Him; for we shall see Him as He is."
1 John 3: 2.
572 BIBLE READINGS

4. From what ills will the saints be forever delivered?

"And God shall wipe away all tears from their eyes; and
there shall be no more death, neither sorrow, nor crying, neither
shall there be any more pain: for the former things are passed
away." Rev. 21:4.
5. How completely will the pains and sorrows of the former
world pass away?
"For, behold, I create new heavens and a new earth: and
the former shall not be remembered, nor come into mind." Isa.
65: 17. Margin, "Con3e upon the heart;" i. e., to be desired.
6. Who will dwell with the redeemed?
"He will dwell with them, and they shall be His people,
and God Himself shall be with them, and be their God." Rev.
21:3.
7. What will it mean to dwell in God's presence?
"In Thy presence is fulness of joy; at Thy right hand there
are pleasures forevermore." Ps. 16: 11.
8. What peaceful condition will prevail in the earth made
new?
"They shall not hurt nor destroy in all My holy mountain:
for the earth shall be full of the knowledge of the Lord, as the
waters cover the sea." Isa. 11:9.
9. How will the ransomed of the Lord return to Zion?
"And the ransomed of the Lord shall return, and come
to Zion with songs and everlasting joy upon their heads: they
shall obtain joy and gladness, and sorrow and sighing shall
flee away." Isa. 35: 10.
10. How enduring will be their pleasures?
"For as the days of a tree are the days of My people, and
Mine elect shall long enjoy the work of their hands.: Isa. 65: 22.
11. How long will they possess the future kingdom?
"But the saints of the Most High shall take the kingdom,
and possess the kingdom forever, even forever and ever." Dan.
7: 18.
12. How long will they reign?
"And they shall reign forever and ever." Rev. 22: 5.
 INDEX OF SUBJECTS
ABOLISHED by Christ, what was, 299 Christian communion, 465
Acceptance with God, 68 Christian courtesy, 434
Accountability. individual, 363 Christian growth and experience, 409
Admonitions and warnings, 497 Christian help work, 481
Admonitions, Scripture, 553 Christian liberty, 354
Affliction, comfort in, 422 Christian service, 471
Angels, dark ministries of bad, 400 Christian temperance, 544
Angels, the ministration of good, 395 Church and state, union of, 364
Answers to prayer, 458 Church, persecution of the, 186, 187
Antichrist, kingdom and work of, 147 Church, Satan's warfare against, 185
Apostasy, the mark of, 333 Churches, the seven, 198
Armies of the world, 255 City life, evils of, 538
Armor, the Christian, 410 Closing gospel message, the, 187
Atonement in type and antitype, 165 Comfort in affliction, 422
Attributes of God, character and, 35 Coming, Christ's second, 242
Author of liberty, the, 354 Coming events and signs of times, 225
Commandments, the ten, 269
BABYLON, the fall of modern, 177 Communion, Christian, 465
Backbiting, gossiping and, 514 Confessing faults, and forgiving, 434
Backsliding, 507 Confession and forgiveness, 57
Baptism, 64 Conflict, capital and labor, 239
Beast, making an image to the, 191 Conflict ended, the, 570
Beast of Revelation 13, 188 Consecration, 77
Beast, the mark of the, 196, 197, Contentment, 430
198, 333 Conversion, or the new birth, 61
Beasts, four great monarehies, 143 Conversion, the world's, 252
Believers, unity of, 438 Courtesy, Christian, 434
Bible. Christ in all the, 23 Covenants, the two, 293
Bible election, 79 Covenants, the two compared, 299
Bible sanctification. Si Covetousness, 498
Bible, the; how to study, 13 Creation and redemption, 33
Birth, childhood, of Christ, 95 Creation and the Creator, 26
Creator, creation and the, 26
CAPITAL and labor, 239 Curse, the world's, 549
Ceremonial law, abolished, 299
Ceremonial laws, the moral and, 288 DANGER in rejecting light, 518
Change of the Sabbath, the, 327 Daniel 2, the great image of, 135
Change the law, think to, 150 Daniel 7, four great monarchies, 143
Character and attributes of God, 36 Daniel 8, the prophetic days of, 158
Character, perfection of, 449 Dark day, 229
Cheerfulness, 431 Day of the Lord, length of the, 264
Children, promises for the, 537 Day, the Lord's, 337
Children, teaching the, 535 Days of persecution shortened, 228
Chad training, 531 Days, the 1335, 164
Christ a Sabbath-keeper, 340 Days, the 1290, 157
Christ and the Sabbath, 319 Days, the 2300, 158
Christ, birth, childhood of, 95 Dead, sleep of the, 385
Christ in all the Bible, 23 Debts, 503
Christ, life only in, 375, 384 Deity of Christ, the, 40
Christ, life of, 95 Destiny of the wicked, 391
Christ, miracles of, 104 Diligence, 447
Christ, parables of, 103 Distress of nations, 234
Christ, prophecies relating to, 42 Doctrine, importance of sound, 84
'Christ, salvation only through, 49 Dragon, a great red, 186
Christ, sufferings of, 108 Dream, Nebuchadnezzar's, 135
Christ, the deity of, 40 Duty of encouragement, the, 437
Christ the Great Teacher, 101
Christ, the resurrection of, 112 EASTERN question, the, 213
Christ, the vicar of, 152 Election, Bible, 79
Christ the way of life, 46 Elijah the prophet, 265
Christ, the way to, 51 Eminent men, testimony of, 340
Christ's coming, manner of, 246 Encouragement, the duty of, 437
Christ's coming, object of, 248 Ended, the conflict, 570
Christ's coming, signs of, 229 End of the wicked, the, 391
Christ's ministry, 98 End, the time of the, 235
Christ's second coming, 242 Envy, jealousy, and hatred, 516
Christian armor, the, 410 Eternal life, 564
[573]
574 BIBLE READINGS
Evils of city life, 538 Hope, 53
Evils of intemperance, 547 Horn the little, 147
Evil, the origin of, 28 Hospitality, 494
Experience, Christian growth and, 409 House of God,, reverence for the, 463
Humility, meekness and, 441
FAITH, 51 Humility, the ordinance of, 495
Faith, justification by, 71 Hypocrisy, 517
Faith, saving, 416
Faith, the ,obediePee. pf, 91 IMAGE of Daniel 2, the great, 135
Fall and redemption of men; the, BO Image to the, beast, making an, 191
Fall of modern Babylon, the, 177 Importance of prayer, 453
False worship, warning against, 181 Importance of sound doctrine, 84
Fate of the transgressor, 391 Increase of knowledge, 237
Faults, confessing and forgiving, 434 Individual accountability, 363
Feet washing, 495 Inheritance, the saints', 556
First angel's message, the, 174 Institution of the Sabbath, 307
Foreordination, 79 Institution, the marriage, 521
Forgiveness, confession and, 57 Intemperance, evils of, 547
Forgiving, 434 Intermediate state, the, 385
Forgiving one another, 434 Inventions, modern, 238
Four beasts, four monarchies, 143 Israel, the gathering of, 257
Free-will offerings, 492
Friend, our helper and, 117 JEALOTTSY, envy, and hatred, 516
Fruit of the Spirit, 121 Jerusalem, destruction of, 227, 228
Jerusalem, the New, 567
GATHERING of Israel, the, 257 Jesus, trusting in, 427
Gift of giving, the, 471 Judging, 512
Gift of prophecy, the, 125 Judgment-hour message, the, 174
Gifts of the Spirit, 124 Judgment, the, 170
Giving, the gift of, 471 Judgment, time of restoration, 158
Glory, the kingdom of, 556 Just recompense, the, 519
God, acceptance with, 68 Just, the resurrection of the, 250
God, character and attributes of, 36 Justification by faith, 71
God, reconciled to, 67
God, reverence for the house of, 463 KING of the north, 213
God, the law of, 269, 270, 326 Kingdom and work of Antichrist, 147
God, the law of, in the N. T., 285 Kingdom of glory, the, 556
God, the law of, in patriarchal age, 283 Kingdom of God, the kingdoms of
God, the love of, 38 the world and the, 135
God, the seal of, 333 Kingdom restored, the, 556
God's memorial, 309 Kingdom, the gospel of the, 140
Good health, 543 Kingdom, the subjects of the, 559
Gospel message, the closing, 181 Knowledge, increase of, 237
Gospel ministry. support of the, 490
Gospel of the kingdom, the, 140 LABOR and capital conflict, 239
Gospel preached in all the world, 226 Law and the gospel, the, 303
Gospel, preaching the, 472 Law, love the fulfilling of the, 289
Gospel, the law and the, 303 Law of God as changed by man, 328
Gossiping and backbiting, 514 Law of God in the N. T., the, 285
Grace, growth in, 409 Law of God in patriarchal age, 283
Great image of Daniel 2, the, 135 Law of God, the, 269, 270, 326
Great monarchies, four, 143 Law, perpetuity of the, 274
Great persecuting power, a, 188 Law, the ceremonial, abolished, 299
Great prophetic period, a, 158 Law, think to change the, 150
Great red dragon, a, 186 Law, why given at Sinai, 278
Great Teacher, Christ the, 101 Laws, the moral and ceremonial, 288
Great tribulation, 228 Legislation, Sabbath, 368
Growth in grace, 409 Length of the day of the Lord, 264
Liberty, Christian, 354
Happy home, and how to make it, 524 Liberty, the author of, 354
Hatred, envy, and jealousy, 516 Life, a sinless, 115
Healing the sick, 484 Life, Christ the way of, 46
Health and Temperance, 543 Life, eternal, 564
Health, good, 543 Life, evils of city, 538
Helper and friend, our, 117 Life-giving word, the, 21
History, the Sabbath in, 342 Life only in Christ, 375, 384
Holy Spirit and His work, the, 119 Life, parables, miracles of Christ, 95
Holy Spirit, the, 119 Life. righteousness and, 75
Home, a happy, how. to make it, 524 Light, danger in rejecting. 518
Home of the saved, the, 565 Light, walking in the, 413
Home, religion in the, 527 Liquor statistics, 550, 551, 552
Home. the, 521 Little horn, the, 147
Honor due to parents, 529 Lord, length of the day of the, 264
 INDEX OF SUBJECTS 575'
Lord's day, the, 337 Perpetuity of the law, 274
Lord's Supper, the, 465 Persecute, who and why, 371
Love of God, the, 38 Persecuting power, a great, 188
Love the fulfilling of the law, 289 Persecution, days of, shortened, 228
Persecution of the church, 186, 187
MAKING an image to the beast, 191 Persecution, papal, 147
Man child, birth of, 185 Persons, respect of, 505
Man, nature of, 375, 380 • Plagues, the seven last, 217
Man, the fall and redemption of, 30 Pleasures forevermore, 571
Manner of Christ's coming, 246 Poor, and our duty toward them, 479
Manner of observing Sabbath, 316 Pope, the vicar of Christ, 152
Mark of apostasy, 333 Power, a great persecuting, 188
Mark of the beast, 196, 197, 198, 333 Power in the word, 18
Marriage institution, the, 521 Powers that be, the, 357
Matthew 24, 225 Praise and thanksgiving, 467
Meditation and prayer, 455 Prayer and public worship, 453
Meekness and humility, 441 Prayer, answers to, 458
Memorial, God's, 309 Prayer, importance of, 453
Message, the closing gospel, 181 Prayer, meditation and, 455
Message, the judgment-hour, 174 Prayer, watching unto, 457
Millennium, the, 259, 260 Preaching the gospel, 472
Ministration of good angels, the, 395 Predestination, 79
Ministry, Christ s, 98 Present truth, 87
Ministry of sorrow, the, 422 Pride, 497
Ministry, support of the, 490 Prison work, 486
Miracles of Christ, 104 Promises for the children, 537
Missionary work, 477 Promises to the overcomer, 558
Modern Babylon, the fall of, 177 Prophecies relating to Christ, 42
Modern inventions, 238 Prophecy, our Lord's great, 225
Monarchies, four great, 143 Prophecy, the gift of, 125
Moral and ceremonial laws, the, 288 Prophecy, the sure word of, 133
Mother, the, 533 Prophecy, the United States in, 191
Mystery of God finished, the, 222 Prophecy, why given, 133
Prophet. Elijah the, 265
NATURE of man, 375, 380 Prophetic period, a great, 158
Naval expenditures, 256 Public worship, 461
Nebuchadnezzar's dream, 135 Public worship, prayer and, 453
New birth, conversion or the, 61 Purity, 540
New covenant, the, 293
New Jerusalem, the, 567 REAPING, sowing and, 451
New Testament, law of God in, 285 Reasons for Sabbath-keeping, 312
New Testament, Sabbath in the, 323 Recompense, the just, 519
Reconciled to God, 67
OBEDIENCE of faith, the, 91 Redemption, creation and, 33
Object of Christ's coming, 248 Redemption of man, the fall and, 30
Observing the Sabbath, manner of, 316 Reform, Sabbath, 348
Offerings, free-will, 492 Reform, true temperance, 554
Old covenant, 293 Rejecting light, danger in, 518
One thousand three hundred and Religion in the home, 527
thirty-five days, 164 Religions of the world, 254
One thousand two hundred and Repentance, 56
ninety days, 157 Respect of persons, 505
Order and organization, 488 Restored, the kingdom, 556
Ordinance of humility, the, 495 Resurrection of Christ, the, 112
Organization, order, and, 488 Resurrection of the just, the, 250
Origin, history, and destiny of Satan, Resurrections, the two, 387
375 Revelation 13. the beast of. 188
Origin of evil, the, 28 Revelation 13, the United States in
Our helper and friend, 117 prophecy, 191
Our Lord's great prophecy, 225 Reverence for the house of God, 463
Our pattern, 116 Righteousness and life, 75
Outpouring of the Spirit, the, 129
Overcomer, promises to the, 558 SABBATH, Christ and the, 319
Overcoming, 420 Sabbath, Christ's observance of, 340
Sabbath in history, the, 342
PAPACY, the, 147 Sabbath, institution of the, 307
Papal persecution, 149, 150 Sabbath in the New Testament, 323
Parables of Christ, 103 Sabbath-keeping, reasons for, 312
Parents, honor due to, 529 Sabbath legislation, 368
Patience, 428 Sabbath, manner of observing, 316
Pattern, our, 116 Sabbath reform, 348
Penalty for transgression, 281 Sabbath, the, 307
Perfection of character, 449 Sabbath, the change of the, 327
576 BIBLE READINGS
Saints' inheritance, the, 556 Testimony of eminent men, 340
Salvation only through Christ, 49 Thanksgiving, praise and, 467
Sanctification, Bible, al Third angel's message, the, 181
Sanctuary, the, 165 Time of judgment, the, 158
Satan, origin, history, destiny, 375 Time of the end, 235
Satan's warfare against church, 185 Times, signs of the, 231
Saved, the home of the, 565 Tithes, 490
Saving faith, 416 Training, child, 531
Scripture admonitions, 553 Transgression, penalty for, 281
Seripthres, the; 13 - Transgressor, fate- of the, 891
Scriptures, the study of the, 15 Trials and their object, 418
Seal of God, the, 333 Tribulation, great, 228
Seals, the seven, 202 True temperance reform, 554
Second angel's message, the, 177 Trumpets, the seven, 206
Second coming, Christ's, 242 Trusting in Jesus, 427
Selfishness, 497 Truth, present, 87
Service, Christian, 471 Twelve hundred sixty days, 151, 152
Seven churches, the, 198 Twenty-three hundred days, 158, 159,
Seven last plagues, the, 217 164
Seven seals, the, 202 Two covenants compared, the, 299
Seven trumpets, the, 206 Two covenants, the, 293
Seventy weeks, 160, 161 Two resurrections, the, 387
Shepherd and his work, the, 474 Type and antitype, atonement in, 165
Sick, healing the, 484
Sick, visiting the, 483
Signs of Christ's coming, 229 UNBETAEF, 509
Signs of the times, 225, 231 Union of church and state, 364
Sin, confession of, 57 Unity of believers, 434
Sin, origin, results, and remedy, 26
Sinai, why the law was given at, 278 VALUE of song, the, 468
Sinless life, a, 115 Vicar of Christ, the, 152
Sleep of the dead, the, 385 Visiting the sick, 483
Sobriety, 443
Song, the value of, 468
Sorrow, the ministry of, 422 WALKING as He walked, 340
Sound doctrine, importance of, 84 Walking in the light, 413
Sowing and reaping, 451 Warning against false worship, 181
Spirit and His work, the Holy, 119 Warnings, admonitions and, 497
Spirit, fruit of the, 121 Watching unto prayer, 457
Spirit, gifts of the, 124 Way of life, Christ the, 46
Spirit, the Holy, 119 Way to Christ, the, 51
Spirit, the outpouring of the, 129 What is man? 380
Spiritualism, 403 What was abolished by Christ? 299
Stars fall, 233, 234 Who is the greatest? 495
State, union of church and, 364 Who persecute and why, 371
Study of the Scriptures, the, 15 Why the law was given at Sinai, 278
Subjects of the kingdom, the, 559 Wicked, the end of the, 391
Sufferings of Christ, 108 Wisdom, 445
Sure word of prophecy, the, 133 Woman clothed with the sun, 185
Supper, the Lord's, 465 Word of prophecy, the sure, 133
Support of the ministry. 490 Word, power in the, 18
Sun and moon darkened, 229, 232, 233 Word, the life-giving, 21
Sure word of prophecy, the, 133 Work, Christian help, 481
Work, missionary, 477
TEACHER, Christ the Great, 101 Work of Antichrist, kingdom and, 147
Teaching the children, 535 Work, prison, 486
Temperance, Christian, 544 Work, the Holy Spirit and His, 119
Temperance, health and, 543 Work, the shepherd and his, 474
Temperance reform, true, 554 World's conversion, the, 252
Temperance, Scripture admonitions, World's curse, the, 549 QQ
553 Worship, a warning again't false, 181
Ten commandments, 269 Worship, prayer and public, 453
Ten-horned beast, Revelation 13, 188 Worship, public, 461