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    Topic: Modals Subject: English Grammar

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    Kayleen L
    The document discusses English grammar modals. It defines modals as auxiliary verbs that express ability, possibility, permission or obligation. It lists common modal verbs like can, may, will, shall. It explains the structure of modal verbs and how they are followed by an infinitive without "to." It discusses important points about modals not changing form for third person singular or needing auxiliaries. Finally, it provides examples of different modal uses and a table summarizing modal meanings.

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    Topic: Modals Subject: English Grammar

    Uploaded by

    Kayleen L
    392 views9 pages
    The document discusses English grammar modals. It defines modals as auxiliary verbs that express ability, possibility, permission or obligation. It lists common modal verbs like can, may, will, shall. It explains the structure of modal verbs and how they are followed by an infinitive without "to." It discusses important points about modals not changing form for third person singular or needing auxiliaries. Finally, it provides examples of different modal uses and a table summarizing modal meanings.

    Original Title

    Modals Notes

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    The document discusses English grammar modals. It defines modals as auxiliary verbs that express ability, possibility, permission or obligation. It lists common modal verbs like can, may, will, shall. It explains the structure of modal verbs and how they are followed by an infinitive without "to." It discusses important points about modals not changing form for third person singular or needing auxiliaries. Finally, it provides examples of different modal uses and a table summarizing modal meanings.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    392 views9 pages

    Topic: Modals Subject: English Grammar

    Uploaded by

    Kayleen L
    The document discusses English grammar modals. It defines modals as auxiliary verbs that express ability, possibility, permission or obligation. It lists common modal verbs like can, may, will, shall. It explains the structure of modal verbs and how they are followed by an infinitive without "to." It discusses important points about modals not changing form for third person singular or needing auxiliaries. Finally, it provides examples of different modal uses and a table summarizing modal meanings.

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    Topic:

    Modals
    Subject: English Grammar


    MODALS (NOTES)

    Definition
    • A modal is a type of auxiliary (helping) verb that is used to express: ability, possibility,
    permission or obligation.
    • We can use these modal verbs (also called modals of deduction, speculation or certainty)
    when we want to make a guess about something. We choose the verb depending on how
    sure we are.

    List of Modal Verbs


    • Can
    • Could
    • May
    • Might
    • Will
    • Would
    • Shall
    • Should
    • Ought to
    • Must
    • Need


    Structure




    Subject Modal Verb Main Verb Complement


    I We Go To sleep
    They You He She It Must Can Should May Drink Some water
    Will Eat Some food
    Do Some exercise

    Important Points
    • Modal Verbs do not add s/es/ies to the third person singular.




    Topic: Modals
    Subject: English Grammar

    • Modal Verbs don’t need auxiliaries to form negative and interrogative


    • Modal Verbs do not have infinitives or –ing forms


    • Modal verbs are followed by an infinitive without to


    • Modals in the Past: Modal Verb + Have + Past Participle


    • What do they express: Modals can have more than one meaning depending on the situations.

    • Single Concept Modal: they have one meaning


    Topic: Modals
    Subject: English Grammar

    • Double Concept Modal: they have two meanings


    1. Use of “Can”


    2. Use of “Could”

    Topic: Modals
    Subject: English Grammar

    3. Use of “May”

    4. Use of “Might”

    5. Use of “Would”


    Topic: Modals
    Subject: English Grammar

    6. Use of “Should or Ought to”

    Saying what’s à He is ought to finish


    right or correct this report by next

    7. Use of “Must” week

    Topic: Modals
    Subject: English Grammar


    8. Use of “Shall/ Will”


    9. Use of “Used to”






    Topic: Modals
    Subject: English Grammar

    10. Use of “Need”


    3. To express Necessity or Requirement
    • I need to drop by his room to pick up a book.
    (Present)
    • I needed to drink a few cups of coffee in order to

    stay awake. (Past)

    • Modal Verbs and Tenses




    Topic: Modals
    Subject: English Grammar

    • Modals: Present and Past


    • Modals in the Past - Summarized

    Modal Concept Example


    Would have Past unreal action I would have bought the car, but I didn’t have money
    Could have Past unreal Ability She could have taken the flight
    May have Past unreal Possibility We may have passed the test, but it was in French
    Might have Past Unreal Small You might have sold the house, if you really needed the
    Probability money
    Should have Past unreal You should have listened to the doctor
    Recommendation
    Must have Past unreal Assumption We must have been crazy!


    Topic: Modals
    Subject: English Grammar

    • Modals Summarized

    PROBABILITY/ ABILITY PERMISSION OBLIGATION/ OFFERS


    POSSIBILITY ADVICE
    CAN I can play the Can I go out
    piano tonight?
    CAN’T She can’t be his I can’t speak Can I borrow the
    mum. She ‘s too German car? No, I can’t.
    young
    MIGHT It might rain
    tomorrow
    COULD It could rain I could already Could I see your
    tomorrow read when I passport please,
    was two sir?
    MAY It may rain May I leave the
    tomoroww table?
    MUST She must be his You must leave
    sister because they before the clock
    look alike. strikes twelve.
    HAVE TO I have to study
    tonight.
    SHALL You shall pay on Shall I help
    Tuesday you?
    SHOULD / You should see it.
    OUGHT TO It’s excellent.
    HAD You had better
    BETTER sleep more.
    WOULD Would you like
    a drink?

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