Department of Computer Science & Engineering Object Oriented Analysis and Design Unit Iv

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE & ENGINEERING
OBJECT ORIENTED ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
UNIT IV
LOGICAL ARCHITECTURE
System sequence diagrams - Relationship between sequence diagrams and use cases -
Logical architecture and UML package diagram – Logical architecture refinement - Design process
– Axioms – Corollaries – Designing classes – Class visibility –Object storage and object
interoperability – Databases – Object relational systems – Designing interface objects – Macro and
Micro level processes –View layer interface.
1. What is meant by System Sequence Diagrams?
A system sequence diagram (SSD) is a picture that shows, for a particular scenario of a use case,
the events that external actors generate their order, and inter-system events. All systems are
treated as a black box; the emphasis of the diagram is events that cross the system boundary from
actors to systems.
2. What is meant by System Behavior?

System behavior is a description of what a system does, without explaining how it does it. One
Part of that description is a system sequence diagram. Other parts include the Use cases, and
system contracts (to be discussed later).
3. What is meant by Inter-System SSDs?

SSDs can also be used to illustrate collaborations between systems, such as between the Next
Gen POS and the external credit payment authorizer. However, this is deferred until a later
iteration in the case study, since this iteration does not include remote systems collaboration.
4. Define System Events and the System Boundary.

To identify system events, it is necessary to be clear on the choice of system boundary, as
discussed in the prior chapter on use cases. For the purposes of software development, the
system boundary is usually chosen to be the software system itself; in this context, a system
event is an external event that directly stimulates the software.
5. How to Naming System Events and Operations?

System events (and their associated system operations) should be expressed at the level of intent
rather than in terms of the physical input medium or interface widget level. It also improves
clarity to start the name of a system event with a verb Thus "enter item" is better than "scan"
(that is, laser scan) because it captures the intent of the operation while remaining abstract and
noncommittal with respect to design choices about what interface is used to capture the system
event.
6. What is meant by interaction diagram?

The term interaction diagram is a generalization of two more specialized UML diagram types;
both can be used to express similar message interactions:
. Collaboration diagrams
. Sequence diagrams
7. What is meant by link?
A link is a connection path between two objects; it indicates some form of navigation And
visibility between the objects is possible . More formally, a link is an instance of an association.
For example, there is a link or path of navigation from a Register to a Sale, along which
messages may flow, such as the make 2 Payment message.
8. What is meant by Messages?

Each message between objects is represented with a message expression and small arrow
indicating the direction of the message. Many messages may flow along this link. A sequence
number is added to show the sequential order of messages in the current thread of control.
9. How to create an instance?

Any message can be used to create an instance, but there is a convention in the UML to use a
message named create for this purpose. If another (perhaps less obvious) message name is used,
the message may be annotated with a special feature called a UML stereotype, like so:
«create». The create message may include parameters, indicating the passing of initial values.
This indicates, for example, a constructor call with parameters in Java.
10. What is meant by Low Coupling?

Coupling is a measure of how strongly one element is connected to, has knowledge of, or relies
on other elements. An element with low (or weak) coupling is not dependent on too many other
elements; "too many" is context-dependent, but will be examined. These elements include
classes, subsystems, systems, and so on.
11. What is meant by High cohesion?

Cohesion (or more specifically, functional cohesion) is a measure of how strongly related and
focused the responsibilities of an element are. An element with highly related responsibilities,
and which does not do a tremendous amount of work, has high cohesion. These elements include
classes, subsystems, and so on.
12. Define Controller.

Assign the responsibility for receiving or handling a system event message to a class
representing one of the following choices:
- Represents the overall system, device, or subsystem (facade controller).
- Represents a use case scenario within which the system event occurs, often named
<UseCaseName>Handler, <UseCaseName>Coordinator, or
<Use-CaseName>Session (use-case or session controller).
- Use the same controller class for all system events in the same use case scenario.
-Informally, a session is an instance of a conversation with an actor.
-Sessions can be of any length, but are often organized in terms of use cases (use case sessions).
13. What is meant by CRC card?

CRC cards are index cards, one for each class, upon which the responsibilities of the class are
briefly written, and a list of collaborator objects to fulfill those responsibilities. They are usually
developed in a small group session. The GRASP patterns may be applied when considering the
design while using CRC cards.
14. What is meant by Pure Fabrication?
This is another GRASP pattern. A Pure Fabrication is an arbitrary creation of the designer, not a
software class whose name is inspired by the Domain Model. A use-case controller is a kind of Pure
Fabrication.
15. List the relationships used in class diagram?

Generalization(class to class)
Association (object to object)
Aggregation (object to object)
Composition (object to object)
PART- B
1. How to Adding New SSDs and Contracts?
-New System Sequence Diagrams
-New System Operations
-New System Operation Contracts
2. Explain about Interaction Diagram Notation?

-Sequence and Collaboration Diagrams
-Collaboration Diagram
-Sequence Diagram
-Common Interaction Diagram Notation
-Basic Collaboration Diagram
-Notation
-Basic Sequence Diagram Notation
3. Design the Model and Creating Design Class Diagrams.

-When to Create DCDs
-Example DCD
-DCD and UP
-Domain Model vs. Design Model Classes
-DCDs, Drawing, and CASE Tools
-DCDs within the UP
4. What are concepts involved in domain refinement?

-Generalization
-Defining Conceptual Super classes and Subclasses
-Class Hierarchies and Inheritance
-Aggregation and Composition
-Examples

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DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE & ENGINEERING

OBJECT ORIENTED ANALYSIS AND DESIGN

2. What is meant by System Behavior?

3. What is meant by Inter-System SSDs?

4. Define System Events and the System Boundary.

5. How to Naming System Events and Operations?

6. What is meant by interaction diagram?

8. What is meant by Messages?

9. How to create an instance?

10. What is meant by Low Coupling?

11. What is meant by High cohesion?

12. Define Controller.

13. What is meant by CRC card?

15. List the relationships used in class diagram?

2. Explain about Interaction Diagram Notation?

3. Design the Model and Creating Design Class Diagrams.

4. What are concepts involved in domain refinement?

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