MEL

LESSON 4: MAJOR SOCIAL SCIENCE THEORIES APPLICATION AND C

IMPORTANCE

How can we apply the major Social Science

At the end of the lesson, you are expected to:
• explain how the major Social Science theories applied in the study of
society;
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Theories in the society? • determine the importance of the major Social Science theories in
What is the importance of these theories? examining socio-cultural, economic, and political conditions; and
• examine how the major Social Science theories can be applied in the
present situations or problems existing in our society.

Reminder: Use another sheet of paper for you answers.

ACTIVITY 1: STARTER ACTIVITY Day 1

1. 1 PRE-TEST: Smile and get ready!

1. The ______________ owns and controls the means of production, which leads to exploitation due to the profit motive.
A. Bourgeoisie B. Noblemen C. Government D. Proletariat
2. Which major Social Science theory focuses on the competition of scarce resources and how the elite control the poor and weak?
A. Feminism B. Structural-functionalism C. Marxism D. Symbolic Interactionism
3. The sociological theory which focuses on the use of symbols and face-to-face interactions.
A. Feminism B. Structural-functionalism C. Marxism D. Symbolic Interactionism
4. Social processes that have undesirable consequences for the operation of society are called _____________.
A. dysfunctions B. malfunction C. functional D. non-functional
5. Emile Durkheim’s undertakings on sociology scholastic order focused on:
A. evolution of major social institutions
B. influence of social forces on people’s behavior
C. all-encompassing synthesis of the major sociological theories
D. understanding of sociological principles could be used to solve social problems

1.2 LET’S REVIEW – GUESS WHO?

You learned about the basic concepts and principles of the major social science theories in the pervious lesson. Now, to recall what ideas and concepts
you gained. Try this, guess the name of the sociologist below and opposite to their names write their theories.

1. 2. 3.
_________ - __________ _________ - __________ _________ - __________
Sociologist - Theory Sociologist - Theory Sociologist - Theory

ACTIVITY 2: CONCEPT LEARNING ( No need to answer just read the text )

Sociologists investigate social phenomena at various levels and from different point of view. From solid translations to clearing
speculations of society and social conduct. Sociologists study everything from smaller level of investigation to larger level of
examination of bigger social samples.
This lesson will explain how the major Social Science theories applied in the study of society. Also, you will determine the importance
of the major Social Science theories in examining socio-cultural, economic, and political conditions. Likewise, you will examine how
the major Social Science theories can be applied in the present situations or problems existing in our society.

Can you think of problems that we encounter every day? I know that the first and major problem that we are all facing right now is
the challenge that COVID-19 had brought us. By applying the major social sciences, sociologists gave us different perspectives on how
to face societal problems.
 LET’S LEARN!

THE APPLICATION AND IMPORTANCE OF THE MAJOR SOCIAL SCIENCE THEORIES

Sociologists utilize three major theoretical perspectives namely: (1) Structural-functionalism; (2) Marxism, and (3) Symbolic
Interactionism. These perspectives offer sociologists theoretical models for clarifying how society impacts individuals or vice versa.
Every perspective remarkably conceptualizes society, social actors, and human conducts.

Structural-Functionalism

The Structural-functionalism perspective of society is a structure with interrelated parts intended to meet the gradual and social
needs of the people in the society. Hebert Spencer (1820–1903) claimed that various parts must work together to keep society
functioning. These parts of society were social institutions such as government, education, family, healthcare, religion, and the
economy. Émile Durkheim (1858-1917) assumed that society was composed of interdependent and interconnected parts that were
put together to keep instability held collectively by shared social construct which served to regulate social life such as laws, morals,
values, religious beliefs, customs, fashions, and rituals.

• Socio-Cultural - According to Émile Durkheim (1895) society is an An example of socio-cultural aspect of examining
intricate arrangement of interrelated and related parts that cooperate society through Structural-functionalism is the
to look after steadiness and that society is held together by shared situation when the Philippine government
qualities, dialects, and images. He stated that people may make up responded to COVID-19 Pandemic, by providing
society, yet sociologists need to look at earlier people social realities. financial aid to poor families through the Social
Social realities are the laws, ethics, values, strict convictions, customs, Amelioration Program or SAP. The agency in
designs, ceremonies, and the entirety of the social principles that charge of the distribution is the DSWD with the
oversee public activity. Every one of these social realities serves at help of the LGU’s. The implementation of this
least one capacity inside the general public. For instance, one capacity program gained a lot of controversies because of
of general public laws might be to shield society from brutality, while some issues about the proper distribution and
another is to rebuff criminal conduct or to safeguard open well-being. corruption-related cases. The government
On the other hand, Parsons believed that society is a universal social program's manifest function to help the poor is
system comprises of structured and organized subsystems that are not fully realized, because of the negligence and
categorized by conforming existing norms. However, these norms are personal interest of some local government
hypothetical to be compatible with society's assimilated value system. officials. The latent functions arise upon the
These define the projections and instructions attached to definite situations, the government investigated the cases
positions and roles. A person partakes in the social system by relating and call up the attention of barangay officials who
with others based on the numerous roles he or she grasps in that committed unlawful actions. With all the issues
system. For instance, Parsons assumed that functions at all levels exist related to SAP distributions resulted to
in society, and each subsystem. These functions can be recollected by dysfunction in the society.
the acronym AGIL which means Adaptation, Goal Attainment,
Integration, and Latency. In traditional societies, functions would have
been placed in a family, kinship structures, and in local communities.
In these societies, there may have been little difference in functions,
though culture and the assimilation frequently linked to religion. On An example of economic aspect of examining
the other hand, in modern society, there are numerous roles, statuses, society through Structural-functionalism is during
and prospects for a person to prompt their diverse qualities. the outbreak of COVID-19 Pandemic and the panic
buying of goods and healthcare products
happened. The people were overwhelmed and
• Economic - The functionalist perspective of economics assumes that bought volumes of medical supply, specifically
the continued progress of the economy is important to the nation, as facemask and alcohol disinfectant. The spread of
it guarantees the circulation of goods and services. However, a coronavirus determined a high demand of these
dysfunction might happen when some institutions fail to adapt quickly products. The panic buying may be driven by an
enough to fluctuating social conditions. Normally, the marketplace extremely low supply which can rise up the price
goes segments of a shortage of products and services that will and led to price inflation. This happened because
increase prices that may lead to inflation, wherein you can buy less some institutions failed to adapt quickly enough to
with your money. the changing social conditions which can have
economic implications.

• Political - According to functionalism, the government has four main An example of political aspect of examining society
purposes: (1) planning and directing society; (2) meeting social needs; through Structural-functionalism is when President
(3) maintaining law and order; and (4) managing international Rodrigo Roa Duterte signed the Philippine Anti-Terror
relations. Functionalism viewed government as a system to impose Bill into a law, despite of many criticisms about its
norms and control conflict. Functionalists understand active collective implementing guidelines. The government assumed
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change and seek consensus and order in society. Dysfunction creates that they acted upon their function and purpose such
social problems that lead to social change. For instance, functionalists as planning and directing society for maintaining law
would see political regulations as a way of keeping people connected and order. The government stands for their beliefs
to the democratic process. that this law is created to prevent terrorism as early
as possible before the bombing or an incident might
happen. This shows the functionalism view of
government and politics as a way to enforce laws for
the safety of the people.
 ACTIVITY 2.1: CHECK YOUR UNDERSTANDING
From the examples and discussion given in the text, can you explain in 100 words why is it important to maintain social
equilibrium? What do you think will happen if this value is not met in the society we live in? what are the possible consequences?

Marxism
Day 2
Marxism or conflict theory of Karl Marx (1818–1883), who considered society consist of two classes: (1) the bourgeoisie or the
capitalist who owns the production, and (2) the proletariat or the working class. Max Weber (1864-1920) added that aside from
economic inequalities, there were also inequalities of social structure and political power that caused struggle. The people’s state of
inequality was influenced by class stratification, social immobility, and representation of the powerful elite. Karl Marx believed that
conflict and struggle between groups happen to attain wealth and power which was inevitable in a capitalist society. Also, conflict was
the only way for the underprivileged to eventually gain some measure of equality. Conflict Theory is a macro-sociological perspective
exploring the conflict among social groups over resources in the society. Groups compete for status control, money, territory, and
other resources for economic, political, and other social gains. Max Weber added that there were disparities of social structure and
political power that caused struggle. He noticed that various gatherings were influenced diversely dependent on training, race, and
sex and that individuals' responses to imbalance were directed by class disparity and social immobility.
An example of socio-cultural aspect of examining society
• Socio-Cultural – For Griffiths (2015), inequalities happen in
through Marxism is when the Philippine government
every cultural classification. Therefore, cultural standards are an
released to the public the implementing guidelines of the
advantage to people with status and power. For example, even
SAP subsidy for the COVID-19 pandemic. The issue of
though cultural diversity is valued in most of the countries, some
disparity between the middle class and the poor has
people and states prohibit interracial marriages, same-sex
elevated. Because the government priorities the poorest
marriages, and polygamy. Conflict theory focuses on the social
of the poor which includes the member of the 4P’s or
inequalities and power differences within a group, analyzing
Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program for financial aid.
society through this lens. For Marxism the education, gender,
While the families belong to the middle class were
income, race, sexuality, and other social factors culture
exempted, since they were still earning even in
reinforces issues of "privilege” individuals and their position in
pandemic. With these, some members of the middle
society. Karl Marx believed that social structure, rather than
class aired their grievances about the situation and
individual personality characteristics is the cause of many social
claimed that they are the ones who are taxpayers in the
problems such as poverty and crime. Conflict Theory explores
country. That’s why they are the ones who deserve of
the struggle between those in power and those who are not in
the help from the government. This situation shows the
power within society. Thus, cultural wars are common in society,
social structure as inherently unequal resulting from the
whether in a way or controversy over a deity or ownership and
differences in social class, education, income, and other
rights over Holy Land.
social factors. Culture reinforces issues of "privilege”
groups and their status in social categories.

• Economic - In the monetary circle, Karl Marx concentrated on the

mode and relations of production. The bourgeoisie possesses and An example of economic aspect of examining
controls the means of production, which prompts misuse because of society through Marxism is the Rice Tarrification
the benefit intention. In this course of action, the proletariat has just Law which negatively affects the Filipino farmers.
their work to sell, and don't claim or control capital. Marx argued that Since this allows cheaper foreign rice imports
the narrowing down of the working class, tied with an increasing without restrictions and competes with the
number of people, low wages, and the price of goods and services are production of local rice. The government should
not reasonable for the true cost of labor. Marx’s favored government make a necessary intervention on economic
interference on economic decisions should not be made by producers decision that should be carefully made and
and consumers but should be carefully accomplished by the state to accomplish by the state to ensure that it is
ensure that it is beneficial to all. He also foresaw that capitalism would beneficial to all.
sooner or later put to an end as many people get associated to the
working class, which will lead to a rebellion and production will be
turned over to the state.

An example of political aspect of examining society

through Marxism is the two distinct political ideologies
Political - Wright Mills (1956) elaborated on some of Marx’s
of Filipinos which is very evident in social media posts
concepts, coining the phrase power elite to describe what he
and tweets. They are called “Yellowtards” or dilawan
saw, as the small group of powerful people controls much of society.
and “Dutertads” known as DDS. Philippine politics is
Mills believed the power elite use government to develop social
greatly affected by these two opposing parties in our
policies that allow them to keep their wealth. In the present time,
government and their supporters keep on expressing
A. CTIVITY
the power 2.2:beCHECK
elite may YOUR
seen as someUNDERSTANDING
oligarchs who hold on big
their thoughts and contradictions with one another.
corporations and dynasties that handle an exclusive position in the
Marx’s concepts of politics coined as the power elite to 3
state and control the society.
describe his thoughts on what he saw in the society
wherein the small group of powerful people controls
much of society.
 Make a Venn Diagram. Provide the strengths and weaknesses of Marxism according to your understanding of the text.

STRENGTHS WEAKNESSES

MARXISM

Symbolic Interactionism
Day 3
Symbolic Interactionism is a smaller scale level theory that focuses on the studied human interactions within a society or human
communication through the exchange of language, symbols, and meaning. Humans interact based on the meanings attributed to those
interactions. The recognized meaning comes from our interactions with others and society. George Herbert Mead (1863–1931) was
considered as the founding father of symbolic interactionism. His commitment was true to the advancement of the self, particularly in
youth, which we'll examine in more detail when we address speculations of socialization. The continue socialization throughout a
child’s life is the means by which the norms and values of society are learned by individuals. His student, Herbert Blumer (1900-1987),
coined the term and characterized it with basic premises: (1) human beings communicate based on the meanings they attributed to
things; (2) the attribute meanings are based from our interactions with others and society; and (3) the meanings are interpreted
through a process used by a person based on his/her experiences.

• Socio-Cultural - Symbolic interactionism is a sociological theory

An example of the socio-cultural aspect of examining
that examines communication patter, interpretation, and
society through Symbolic Interactionism is in this time of
adjustment among individuals relative to the meanings of
pandemic crisis, some Filipinos are using social media
symbols. This theory emphasizes an individual’s verbal and
applications like TikTok as a platform to show their
nonverbal responses, symbols, negotiated meaning, and its
gestures and symbols of love and support to the
construct in society. Role-taking is an important mechanism
frontliners. Just like the Frontliners Dance Challenge, the
determined in which a person can appreciate other perspectives
dance moves have specific message and meaning which
to understand well the meaning of a certain action. In social
been popular way of showing message of love and care
contexts, the ambiguity of roles dwells the difficulty of role-
for the frontliners.
making on a person in a certain situation. Ethnomethodology, a
branch of symbolic interactionism, studies how human
interactions can make the impression of collective social order
despite the absence of common understanding and the existence
of opposing perspectives. Studies that utilize the symbolic
interactionism perspective are bound to utilize subjective
examination techniques. Social scientists who apply symbolic
interactionism search for examples of communication between
people. Their examinations regularly include the perception of
one-on-one connections.
An example of economic aspect of examining
society through Symbolic Interactionism is a
situation when a child of the businessman/
• Economic - One of the significant symbolic interactionism idea businesswoman may learn the standards and
interrelated to work and economy is called as “career ideals that will help him/her succeed in business
inheritance”. The meaning of this concept is that a child me have and since the parents’ model a career path to
• Political
the same job as– their
Symbolic interactionism
parents. relatesshown
They may have to a career An example of political
follow. The child may aspect of examining
find business societyand
interesting
government emphases on images, symbols, or
path for his/her child to follow. They may find their parent’s through Symbolic Interactionism
a money-making opportunity is
forthe Seal of the
him/her.
individuals
career thatand
interesting signify authority
suitable for and power.
them. Theexposure is
Career Philippine President, which a symbol that signifies the 4
figures
learning that embody
the standards and the power
ideals and authority.
of a specific career. history and dignity of the president. The seal is
This theory does not deal with large composed of the coat of arms of the president. Some
organizations like the government and focuses symbols in the arms are derived from the Philippine
on the study of the face-to-face facets of national flag and there is a sea lion in the middle part
politics. of the seal.
ACTIVITY 2.3: CHECK YOUR UNDERSTANDING

1. Does symbolic interactionism affect our daily life? Why?

2. How can these perspectives on Symbolic Interactionism be applied in daily living in the aspect of:
a. Culture; c. Societal Aspect;
b. Social Classes; d. Political Aspect

Day 4
ACTIVITY 3: EXPLORATION WORK
Analyze the picture collage below and choose one major Social Science theory that can be applied in each situation.
COLLAGE 1
THEORY & APPLICATION

Source: https://news.abs-cbn.com & Philstar

COLLAGE 2

THEORY & APPLICATION

COLLAGE 3

THEORY & APPLICATION

ACTIVITY 3.1: Let’s Examine

Determine the conditions in society by examining its socio-cultural, economic, and political aspect.

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 Conditions in Society Socio Cultural Economic Politics
Filipinos showed their gestures
and symbols of love and
support to the frontloners
using social media applications
like Facebookm, Twitter,
Instagram, and TikTok
The contonuous increase of
COVID-19 Cases in the
Philippines
The unending issue between
Pres. Duterte and Vice. Pres.
Leni Robredo
Pres. Rodrigo Roa Duterte
signed the Philippines Anti-
Terror Bill into Law

Your written output will be graded based on the following rubrics.

ACTIVITY 3.1: RESEARCH TIME

Directions:
Day 5 - 6
1. Research on any of the issues or problems existing in our society.
2. Apply any of the three major social science theories in your theoretical framework.
3. You are given one week to finish your research.
4. Follow the suggested research outline.
Research Outline

I. Research Title - choose one issue or problem existing in our society and make a
research title to study.
II. Introduction - present the research issue or problem existing in our society and
explain the relevance of the study.
III. Statement of the Problem (SOP) - Provide at least 3 questions related to the
topic.
IV. Theoretical Framework – Write an explanation about the theory you used in
the study.
V. Data Presentation – Support the presentation of data by using reliable and
credible online sources.
VI. Conclusion – Write the results of findings based on your SOP
VII. References – use credible online sources.

Follow the APA format

Your research will be graded based on the rubrics below. (you may encode your output or handwritten)

Day 7
ACTIVITY 4: COMPLETE THE FRAMEWORK

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 IMPORTANCE IN ANALYZING SOCIETY
MAJOR SOCIAL SCIENCE THEORY

STRUCTURAL-FUNCTIONALISM

MARXISM

SYMBOLIC INTERACTIONISM THEORY

Write a short explanation about this framework. (3- 5 sentences)

STRUCTURAL-FUNCTIONALISM
Socio-Cultural
Sociologies look at the earlier people “social realities” these are the laws, ethics, values, strict convictions,
customs, designs, ceremonies, and the entirety of the social principles that oversee public activity.
Society is a universal social system comprises of structured and organized subsystems that are
categorized by conforming existing norms.
Functionalists seek consensus and order in society while dysfunction creates social problems that lead to
social change.
Applies AGIL which means Adaptation, Goal Attainment, Integration, and Latency. In traditional societies,
functions would have been placed in a family, kinship structures, and in local communities.
Economic
Functionalist perspective of economics assumes that the continued progress of the economy is important to
the nation, as it guarantees the circulation of goods and services.
Political
According to functionalism, the government has four main purposes: (1) planning and directing society; (2)
meeting social needs; (3) maintaining law and order; and (4) managing international relations.
Functionalists view government and politics as a way to enforce norms and regulate conflict.
Functionalists would see regulations and political contributions as a way of keeping people connected to the
democratic process.
MARXISM
Socio-Cultural
Conflict theorists understand the social structure as inherently unequal resulting from the differences in power
based on age, class, education, gender, income, race, sexuality, and other social factors.
For a conflict theorist, culture reinforces issues of "privilege” groups and their status in social categories.
Inequalities exist in every cultural system. Therefore, cultural norms benefit people with status and power while
harming others and at the expense of others.
Conflict theory focuses on the social inequalities and power difference within a group, analyzing society through
this lens viewed social structure, rather than individual personality characteristics, as the cause of many social
problems, such as poverty and crime.
Contemporary theorist G. William Domhoff (2011) elaborates on ways in which the power elite may be seen as a
subculture whose members follow similar social patterns such as joining elite clubs, attending select schools, and
vacationing at a handful of exclusive destination.
Economic
Marxism concentrated on the mode of production and relations of production. The bourgeoisie possesses and

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 controls the means for production, which prompts misuse because of the benefit intention. In this course of
action, proletarians have just their work to sell and don't claim or control capital.
Political
Marx’s concepts, coining the phrase power elite to describe what he saw as the small group of powerful people
who control much of society. Mills believed the power elite use government to develop social policies that allow
them to keep their wealth.
Conflict Theory explores the struggle between those in power and those who are not in power within the context
of the struggle.
SYMBOLIC-INTERACTIONISM
Socio-Cultural
Social scientists apply symbolic interactionism thinking search for examples of communication between people and
examine the perception of one-on-one connections.
Symbolic interactions would be increasingly intrigued by how people in the fighting gathering connect, just as the
signs and images nonconformists use to convey their message and to arrange and in this way create shared
implications.
Charles Horton Cooley (1902) presented the mirror self to portray how an individual's self of self becomes out of
cooperation with others, and he proposed a triple procedure for this turn of events: (1) we perceive how others
respond to us; (2) we decipher that response, normally as positive or negative; and (3) we build up a feeling of
self-dependent on those translations. "Mirror" is a bygone term for a mirror, so Cooley guessed that we "see"
ourselves when we cooperate with others.
Symbolic interactionism examines communication patter, interpretation, and adjustment among an individual’s
relative to the meanings of symbols emphasizes individual’s verbal and nonverbal responses, symbols,
negotiated meaning, and its construct in the society.
Role-taking is an important mechanism determined in which a person can appreciate others perspectives to
understand well the meaning of a certain action. In social contexts, the ambiguity of roles dwells the difficulty
of role-making on a person in a certain situations.
Ethnomethodology, a branch of symbolic interactionism that studies how
human interactions can make the impression of collective social order in spite of the absence of common
understanding and the existence of opposing perspectives.

Economic

Symbolic interactionism idea interrelated to work and economy is called as career inheritance. The meaning of
this concept is that a child me has the same job as their parents.

Political
Symbolic interactionism relates to government emphases on images, symbols, or individuals that signify authority
and power.

ACTIVITY 4.1 : POST TEST

1. Which among the major Social Science theories is applied across the socio- cultural, economic, and political
conditions?
A. Feminism C. Structural Functionalism
B. Marxism D. Symbolic Interactionism
2. Which of the following is a Marxist view of political condition in the society?

A. Culture reinforces issues of "privilege” groups and their status in social categories.
B. The power elites use the government to develop social policies that allow them to keep their
wealth.
C. The bourgeoisie possesses and controls the means for production, which prompts misuse because of
the benefit intention
D. Social structure as inherently unequal resulting from the differences i n power based on age, class,
education, gender, income, race, sexuality, and other social factors.
3. Which of the following tells about the application of Marxism on the economic condition of the society?

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 A. See regulations and political contributions as a way of keeping people connected to the democratic
process.
B. Search for examples of communication between people and examine the perception of one-on-
one connections.
C. Examines communication patter, interpretation, and adjustment among individuals relative to the
meanings of symbols.
D. Concentrated on the mode of production in relation to the bourgeoisie who controls the means of
production and proletarians who only work and don't claim control over the capital.

4. Which of the following is NOT part of Symbolic Interactionism application on the socio-cultural conditions
of the society?
A. Applies AGIL which means Adaptation, Goal Attainment, Integration, and Latency.
B. Social scientists search for examples of communication between people and examine the
perception of one-on-one connections.
C. Look how people connect, the signs and images nonconformists use to convey their message, and to
arrange and in this way create shared implications.
D. Examines communication patter, interpretation, and adjustment among an individual’s relative to the
meanings of symbols emphasizes individual’s verbal and nonverbal responses.

5. The following tells about the application of Structural-functionalism and its importance in examining the
socio-cultural condition of a society EXCEPT one:
A. Government and politics is a way to enforce norms and regulate conflict.
B. In traditional societies, functions would have been placed in a family kinship structures, and in local communities.
C. Society is a universal social system comprises of structured and organized subsystems that are
categorized by conforming existing norms.
D. Sociologies look at the past people to “social realities” these are the laws, ethics, values, strict
convictions, customs, designs, ceremonies, and the entirety of the social principles that oversee public
activity

ACTIVITY 5: LESSON REFLECTION

I have learned that I understand that

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I realized that
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_____________________________________ Day 8
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ASSESSMENT
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 I. Read and analyze the problem or issue on prostitution and transactional sex. Complete the table by
identifying the theoretical perspective being used on how the problem is seen and on how to solve the
problem. Write SF if the statement is related to Structural-Functionalism; write CP if the statement is
related to Conflict Perspective; and write SI if the statement is related to Symbolic-Interaction.

Theoretical How the problem is seen

Perspective
1 Poverty pushes people to prostitute themselves
2 Prostitution is evident when the moral values of the society is weak
3 Prostitution is a practice that is contextual to a nation/culture. There are also different meanings
and nuances attached to it. Some accept it.

Theoretical How to solve the problem

Perspective
4 There is a need for proper integration from various institutions (e.g. family, education) to solve it
5 Legalizing prostitution in the Philippines is an option. It protects the vulnerable population
6 The oppressive sex economy should stop. The Government should provide opportunities and stop
becoming an instrument

II. Read and analyze the statements carefully. Write SF the statement is related to Structural-Functionalism;
write CP if the statement is related to Conflict Perspective; and write SI if the statement is related to
Symbolic-Interaction.

7. As the government expanded and its agencies multiplied, care of the aged changed from a family concern to a
government obligation.
8. As sweeping economic changes occurred, the government growing larger and more powerful, absorbed many
family functions; local schools took the responsibility of helping children know their self-identity.
9. Our engulfment in the symbol of love at the time of marriage blinds us to the unrealities of our expectations.
10. Women have been traditionally regarded as property and passed by one male, the father, to another, the
husband.
11. Problems concerning marriage is primarily due to husband’s resentment of their decreasing power and wife’s
resentment with their husband’s reluctance to share marital problems.
12. Based on our interpretations of the reactions of others, we develop feelings and ideas about ourselves.
13. It is important to note that the development of the self is an ongoing, lifelong process.

III. ODD MAN OUT. Write the capital letter of the word or phrase which does not belong to the group.

14. A. Government B. Interaction C. Place D. Region

15. A. economic growth B. economic freedom C. full employment D. social Inequality

WELL DONE YOU’VE FINISHED WEEK 4! End

of
MEL
C

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