Chapter 10 The Circle 2

Finding an Arc Length A minor

arc
B
An ARC is a part, (or fraction), of the circumference of a circle. 15 cm
60°
Arc AB, (the red part), is called the minor arc.
O
Arc AB, (the blue part), is called the major arc.
major
arc

Example :– Find the length of the minor arc AB.

C = πd * note
Step 1 : Calculate the full
C = 3·14 x 30
circumference C = πd
C = 94·2 cm
Step 2 : Find the required 60
=> Arc AB = 360
x 94·2 = 15·7 cm
fraction of the circumference.

* note 300
The major arc AB is found in the same way by multiplying the circumference by the fraction 360
.

Exercise 10·1
Sometimes the words minor or major are not used.
1. Copy and complete the calculation to find the
length of the minor arc of the circle shown :- 4. Calculate the arc length in each of these :–
A (a) (b)
C = πd note

C = 3·14 x 14 B
7 cm
45° 135° 225°
C = ...... cm 14 cm
O 8 mm
....
=> Arc AB = 360
x .....
(c) (d)
= .......... cm.

10 cm 300°
160°
2. Find the length of each minor arc :– 14 m
(a) A (b) A

6 cm 5 cm
5. Calculate the perimeter of each shape :-
120° 135°
O
O (a) (b)
B
B
15 cm 20 mm

(c) (d) 45° 100°

9 cm
100° 240°
6. The shape trapped between two radii and an arc
4 cm
is called a sector of a circle.
Calculate the perimeter of a sector which is a
3. Find the length of the major arc in question 2(a). fifth of a circle with diameter 5 centimetres.
(A sketch would help).

Chapter 10 this is page 101 The Circle 2

 e 4(q – 2)(q + 2) f 7(x – y)(x + y) 5. a 4(a + 6) b 7(3x – 4b) c c(d + g) 4. a 147·4° b 169·8° c 223° d 107·5°
g 6(v + 5)(v – 5) h 10(a – 3b)(a + 3b) d 2b(b – 5) e n 2 (n – 1) f 12kh(2k + 3h) 5. a 330° b 5077·38 mm2
i 19(x – y)(x + y) j a(w – v)(w + v) g (r – 10)(r + 10) h 5(q –2)(q + 2)
Exercise 10·5
k π(m – n)(m + n) l k(p – 6q)(p + 6q) i (w – 8)(w – 2) j (2m + 3)(m + 2)
m k(p – 3q)(p + 3q) n d(d + 2)(d – 2) k (5b – 2)(b – 5) l (x - 2y)(x + y) 1. 45° 2. a 115·6° b 238·9°
o 3x(3x – 4)(3x + 4) p (a2 – 1)(a 2 + 1) m (3x – y)(2x + 3y) n (x – 7y)(x – 7y) 3. 300·4°
q (1 – k 2 )(1 + k 2 ) r (p 2 – q 2 )(p 2 + q 2 ) o (1 – 5a)(1 + 5a) p (9n + 9)(n – 2)
4. a 120·0° b 156·0° c 107·5° d 301·0°
s (1 – 4y 2 )(1 + 4y 2 ) t 3(d 2 – 4)(d 2 + 4) q 3p(p – 16) r 7ab(a2 –3)
s 17s(t – u)(t + u) t (x 2 – y 2 )(x 2 – y 2 ) 5. a 202·5° b 63·6 cm
3. a Yellow area = k2 – s2 = (k – s)(k + s)
b 47·25cm2 6. a 2k + 3 b k +2
c (2k + 3)(k + 2) = 2k 2 + 7k + 6 Exercise 10·6
Exercise 9·7 d 2 k 2 + 6k + 14 o o
1. 2. a
100° 110°
1. a (x + 1)(x + 1) b (a + 2)(a + 1) Turn off that Calculator - Non-calc. 3
c (k + 5)(k + 2) d (d + 7)(d + 2) 40° 40° 35° 35°

e (x – 1)(x – 1) f (b – 3)(b – 3) 1. a 6575 b 8 3 7 c 360 d 27360 o

e 12500 f 6300000g 8 8 0 h 7036 2. b c d
g (c - 6)(c – 3) h (w – 3)(w – 8) 76° 25° 15°
i (x + 4)(x – 1) j (n + 3)(n – 2) 2. £2220
52° 52° 25° 130° o 150° 15°
k (p + 5)(p – 3) l (q + 6)(q – 3) o
3. a 4·75 b 6·716 c 10·251 d 0·18
m (x – 4)(x + 1) n (r – 7)(r + 1)
e 70 f 115·644g 23·444 h 2·168 o
o (y – 6)(y + 2) p (h – 10)(h + 2) 3. a 65° 65° b 55° c
50° 55°
2. a (x – 6)(x + 1) b (x + 3)(x + 5) 4. a 264 b 63 c 600
130° 130° 70° 64°
c (x – 5)(x + 10) d (x – 9)(x – 2) 5. a 2/ 3 b 8/ 9 c 2/ 3 d 1/ 4 50° 110° 116°
e (y – 5)(y + 3) f (y + 8)(y – 1) 65° 65° 32° 32°
6. a 11/ 4 b 43/ 4 c 9 d 1/ 4
g (y – 7)(y – 2) h (y + 6)(y + 2)
i (a – 7)(a + 7) j (a – 11)(a + 1) 7. 100 pupils d 64° 64° e o f o
k (a + 6)(a – 5) l (a – 4)(a – 5) 52° 90° 60° 60°
8. a £282 b £23·50 c £42·30 105° 105°
m (c – 5)(c – 3) n (c + 7)(c – 3) 98° 45° 45°
60°
o (c – 9)(c + 3) p (c – 8)(c – 2) 9. a £1·60 b £4·20 c 96p
41° 41°
q (k + 10)(k – 1) r (k – 9)(k + 1) d £9 e £75 f £30
s (k – 7)(k + 5) t (k + 6)(k – 4) 10. £1632 g h i 32·5° 32·5°
u (v + 4)(v – 2) v (v – 3)(v – 10) 11. a 7 b –29 c –17 d 40
55°
70° o o 99 00 °° 45°
1 1 5 °1 1 5 °
w (v – 4)(v + 3) x (v – 8)(v – 5) e –60 f –45 g 121 h –5 55° 110°
45° 32·5° 130° 32·5°
35° 35°
25° 25°
3. a (2x + 3)(x + 1) b (2a + 1)(a + 3) i –45 j –6 k –18 l 35
c (3y + 2)(2y + 1) d (3g + 5)(g + 3) j 54° 54° k l
12. 36° 54° 72° 54° 22° 22°
40°
e (6k – 1)(2k – 1) f (2b – 1)(b – 3) 72° 136°
13. 23rd May 5 4 °7 2 ° 54°
g (4c – 5)(2c – 1) h (3x + 4)(x - 2) 54°
7 2 °7 2 °
54° 1 1 2 °1 1 2 ° o
i (3a + 1)(a – 2) j (5p – 1)(p + 1) 5 4 °5 4 ° 20° 80° 20°
k (2m – 1)(m + 1) l (3q + 1)(q – 1) Answers to Chapter 10 Page 101 50° 50°
m (4c + 3)(2c – 1) n (4n – 1)(2n + 3)
4. 3
o (4w – 5)(3w + 1) p (2c + 3)(2c + 3) Exercise 10·1
q (4k + 1)(6k – 1) r –(6x + 1)(3x – 1) 5. a 89 mm b 32 mm
1. 5·5 cm
s –(2y – 3)(y + 5) t (x + 6y)(x + 2y) 6. a 6·3 mm b 17·3 mm
2. a 12·56 cm b 11·78 cm
u (p – 12q)(p + 2q) v (b + 2c)(b + c)
c 6·98 cm d 18·84 cm 7. 530·66 cm2
w (a – 7b)(a + 2b) x (2u + v)(u – 3v)
y (3g + 4)(3g – 2) z (3sin – 2)(3sin –2) 3. a 25·12 cm b 19·63 8. a 9 cm b 6 cm
c 18·14 d 37·68 cm 9. 11·87 m
Exercise 9·8 4. a 18·84 mm b 54·95 cm 10. a 18·3 cm b 45·3 cm
c 39·08 m d 52·33 cm
1. 6(x + 6y) 2. (p + 7)(p – 7) 11. a 48 cm b 68 cm
3. (y + 3)(y + 3) 4. k(k – 1) 5. a 41·8 cm b 74·89 mm
5. (v – 3)(v + 2) 6. (1 – a)(1 + a) 6. 16·28 cm Exercise 10·7
7. d(e + h – j) 8. 3(c – 2)(c + 2)
1. a 30° b 17° c 48° d 34°
9. m (m – 8) 10. (q – 1)(q – 1) Exercise 10·2 e 48°
11. (b – 1)(b + 1) 12. b(b – 1)
13. (b – 2)(b + 1) 14. 2(t – 3)(t + 3) 1. 39·25 cm2 2. a b c
15. 2x(x – 16) 16. a 2 (a – 1) 2. a 26·17 cm2 b 42·39 cm2 60° 137° 45°
O O
17. (2p + 5)(p – 1) 18. (3n + 1)(3n + 1) 43°
3. a 274·75 cm2 b 52·33 cm2 O
19. (9 – x)(9 + x) 20. 2(5 – c)(5 + c) 30° 90° 45° 90°
21. 6 y(3 – y) 22. (9 – 2b)(9 + 2b) 4. a 43·96 cm2 b 802·44 cm2 150° 135°
47° 90°
23. (2k + 1)(k – 1) 24. 14(x 2 + 3y 2 ) c 83·41 cm2 d 54·51 cm2
25. 14(m – 2n)(m + 2n) 26. (4x – 1)(4x – 1) e 128·22 cm2 f 69·32 cm2
g 163·54 cm2 d 41° e 152° f
27. 3pq(p – 3q) 28. (u – 1)(u – 1) 53° 90°
139° 28°
29. 3x(x – 3)(x + 3) 30. (3a – 2)(2a + 3) 139° O
Exercise 10·3 O 41° 90°
O 37°
31. 4(x + 2)(x – 1) 32. 10w(1– 2w)(1 + 2w) 62° 1 4 3 °1 4 3 °
33. a(k – m )(k + m ) 34. (2x + 3)(x – 5) 1. a (i) 39·25 cm (ii) 1116·44 cm2 49° 90° 118° 37°
35. p 5 (p 2 - p – 1) 36.(x + 3)(x – 3)(x 2 + 9 b (i) 12·95 mm (ii) 35·62 mm2
g h i 90° 85°
2. 1395·56 cm2 90°
Remember Remember 9 90° 119° 90° O
61° 61°
3. 157 cm2 148° 32° 58°
119° 29° 54°
1. a 24x b g2 c 32ab d 5p 2 63° 27° 41° 90°
e 4m 2 n f 3 x 2 q g 20 h 4x2 4. 24·42 cm O

2. a 5a + 10 b 8 – 24r c 9a + a2 5. a 115·13 m b 105·54 m j 90° k l 128°

52°
60° 128°
d –6x 2 + 12x y 9 0 °1 0 7 ° 9 0 ° 52°
6. 11·6 m 45° 73° 73° 90° O
3. a 3x + 10 b y + 36 c 16 – 3q O 107° 38°
7. a 29·34 cm b 53·22 cm2 17° 17°
d 9w + 14 e 18 – 8d f 3q + 2 43° 30°
142°
142°
g 5 – 5u h 2k + 6 i 14m – 2 8. a 113·04 cm2 b 72 cm2 c 41·04 75°
90° O 38°
4. a a2 + 9x + 14 b b 2 – 9b + 18 9. 254·18 O
m n o
c c2 + 7c – 18 d 12d 2 + 20d + 3 3 5 °5 5 ° 6 5 °5 0 °1 3 0 ° 2 5 ° 55°
e 6 e 2 – 17e + 5 f 14y 2 + 19y – 3 Exercise 10·4 55° 35°
7 0 °1 1 0 °
6 5 °2 5 °
3 5 °1 1 0 °7 0 ° 5 5 °
g 4 k 2 – 20k + 25 h m 2 + 4 + 4/m 2 1. 45° 110°
70° 55°
O
i n 3 + 3n 2 + 3n + 1 j 8s 3 – 36s 2 + 54s 35°
55°
–27 2. a 120° b 240°
k 7x l 5x 2 – 12x + 1 3. 180° 3. 13 cm
m 6 y 3 + 5y 2 – 10y + 3

Int-2-Maths 3C this is page 229 Answers