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NEUTRAL - HYDRAULIC VALVES

- HYDRAULIC BASIC CIRCUITS

PILOT
PRESSURE

DIRECTION.
VALVE
PORT

TAMROCK SECOMA S.A

19 avenue De Lattre-de-Tassigny - ZI
B.P. 46 - 69881 MEYZIEU Cedex
Tel : (33) 472 45 22 00 Telefax : (33) 478 31 79 80
PAGE 2 09/06/1999

A HYDRAULIC VALVES
1 HYDRAULIC PRINCIPLE
All of the hydraulic valves are
using the same basic principle.
The hydraulic valve consist of a
main spool and the adjusting
device.
MAIN SPOOL:
From both pilot channels
pressure is applied on each end
of the main spool.

pressure adjustment
In neutral position (adjusting
device closed) there is the same
pressure on both side of the
spool. Therefore, force 1 and
force 2 are equals. On top side
the light spring give some extra
force so as to maintain the spool
in lower position.

spring force
When the adjusting device opens,
due to the restrictor installed on
hyd force 2 BALANCE OF FORCE
the top pilot channel there is a
MAIN SPOOL

difference in pressure between

top and bottom area of the spool.
Force 1 becomes greater than
force 2. When the difference of
NEUTRAL WORKING force is equal to the spring force:
the spool will move upward to
working position.
hyd force 1 This basic principle is named:
PILOT OPERATED VALVE

TAMROCK SECOMA S.A

19 avenue De Lattre-de-Tassigny - ZI
B.P. 46 - 69881 MEYZIEU Cedex
Tel : (33) 472 45 22 00 Fax : (33) 478 31 79 80
 09/06/1999 PAGE 3

2 PRESSURE
2/1 RELIEF VALVE

NEUTRAL RELIEF

RETURN

INLET

SYMBOL
HYDRAULIC. PILOTED

Pressure
IN
adjustment

Flow control
spool

SIMPLIFIED SYMBOL
DIRECT ACTING

Note: pilot pressure are connected from the inlet channel.

TAMROCK SECOMA S.A

19 avenue De Lattre-de-Tassigny - ZI
B.P. 46 - 69881 MEYZIEU Cedex
Tel : (33) 472 45 22 00 Fax : (33) 478 31 79 80
PAGE 4 09/06/1999

2/2 PRESSURE REDUCER

NEUTRAL WORKING

OUT
OUT

D
IN

IN

Note: there is 3 main ports on pressure reducing valves. The pilot channels are connected from the
outlet port.

TAMROCK SECOMA S.A

19 avenue De Lattre-de-Tassigny - ZI
B.P. 46 - 69881 MEYZIEU Cedex
Tel : (33) 472 45 22 00 Fax : (33) 478 31 79 80
 09/06/1999 PAGE 5

2/3 FLOW
2/3/1 FLOW CONTROL
NEUTRAL WORKING

OUT

IN

OUT SYMBOL

PRESSURE
COMPENSATOR

R
FLOW
ADJUSTMENT

IN

TAMROCK SECOMA S.A

19 avenue De Lattre-de-Tassigny - ZI
B.P. 46 - 69881 MEYZIEU Cedex
Tel : (33) 472 45 22 00 Fax : (33) 478 31 79 80
PAGE 6 09/06/1999

2/3/2 STATIC FLOW DIVIDER

Position when starting the pump

Area 1 Area 2
Spool Spring

P B
Orifice
Ports:
- P inlet port from pump
- B fixed flow, depending on orifice calibration and spring force
- A remaining flow, flow A= inlet flow - fixed flow (in B)
Oil enters the flow divider to port P. Due to the spool channel it is directed to the Area 1 and to the
calibrated Orifice. This orifice creates a restriction therefore pressure.
Pressure starts to build up in area 1.
Oil flows through the orifice to channel B.

TAMROCK SECOMA S.A

19 avenue De Lattre-de-Tassigny - ZI
B.P. 46 - 69881 MEYZIEU Cedex
Tel : (33) 472 45 22 00 Fax : (33) 478 31 79 80
 09/06/1999 PAGE 7

Pressure in B higher than pressure in A

Restriction

Area 1 P B Area 2
Example: if the pressure needed in the line B is 160 b.
Pressure in area 2: 160 b
Force applied to the spool at right side = 160 b + spring force (6 b for example)
From neutral position pressure builds up in Area 1 so as to balance force at each ends of the spool.
Pressure in Area 1 increases to 160 + 6 = 166 b. When pressure reaches this level the spool starts
to move to the right direction, allowing oil to flow out of port A.
The restriction shows on drawing will automatically be adjusted so as to maintain 166 b of pressure
in Area 1.
The difference of pressure at each side of the calibrated orifice became: 166b - 160 = 6 bar.
This difference will be maintain at 6b for any pressure used in line B.
BASIC HYDRAULIC LAW:
Through a calibrated orifice according to the oil viscosity and its temperature flow depends on the
difference of pressure applies at each side of the orifice.

TAMROCK SECOMA S.A

19 avenue De Lattre-de-Tassigny - ZI
B.P. 46 - 69881 MEYZIEU Cedex
Tel : (33) 472 45 22 00 Fax : (33) 478 31 79 80
PAGE 8 09/06/1999

Pressure in A higher than pressure in B

A Area 2

P B
Area 1 Restriction

Example: pressure needed in line A, 140 bar.

Therefore the pressure in Area 1 is 140 bar due to spool channel and the restriction creates by the
orifice.
The spool moves immediately to the right until a restriction creates by the right end of the spool
starts to build up pressure in Area 2.
Balance of pressure:
Pressure in Area 1 = 140 bar
Pressure in Area 2 = 140 - spring force (6 b) = 134 bar
Difference = 6 bar
In this application too, the difference of pressure at each side of the orifice is maintained to 6 b.
THE FIXED FLOW AT OUTLET B WILL REMAIN CONSTANT IN ANY WORKING CONDITIONS.

TAMROCK SECOMA S.A

19 avenue De Lattre-de-Tassigny - ZI
B.P. 46 - 69881 MEYZIEU Cedex
Tel : (33) 472 45 22 00 Fax : (33) 478 31 79 80
 09/06/1999 PAGE 9

2/3/3 ROTARY FLOW DIVIDER

This flow divider is of gear type

OUT 1

OUT 2

IN
Oil enters in the inlet port, flows to the outside of both gears to the outlet ports 1 and 2.
Example: if both gears are of the same thickness the flow divider ratio is 50%-50% (or 1/2-1/2).
Outlet flow are equals.
To get the same flow at each outlet port as a static flow divider the ratio used is 1/3-2/3.

TAMROCK SECOMA S.A

19 avenue De Lattre-de-Tassigny - ZI
B.P. 46 - 69881 MEYZIEU Cedex
Tel : (33) 472 45 22 00 Fax : (33) 478 31 79 80
PAGE 10 09/06/1999

2/4 SAFETY VALVES

2/4/1 PILOT OPERATED CHECK VALVE

SPOOL CHECK VALVE Assy

FROM VALVE

TO
CYLINDER
ROD SIDE

FROM VALVE

TO CYLINDER
LARGE AREA
CHAMBER

TAMROCK SECOMA S.A

19 avenue De Lattre-de-Tassigny - ZI
B.P. 46 - 69881 MEYZIEU Cedex
Tel : (33) 472 45 22 00 Fax : (33) 478 31 79 80
 09/06/1999 PAGE 11

FIRST STEP
POPET OPENING TO
CYLINDER
LARGE AREA

FROM VALVE TO VALVE

TO
CYLINDER
ROD END SIDE

Oil from the control valve is directed to the bottom area of the spool chamber, the spool moves
upward until it opens the inner poppet, oil flows freely to the cylinder rod end side through the
bottom check valve.
The oil in the large area of the cylinder is first released through the poppet resulting in a drop of
pressure in the cylinder chamber.

TAMROCK SECOMA S.A

19 avenue De Lattre-de-Tassigny - ZI
B.P. 46 - 69881 MEYZIEU Cedex
Tel : (33) 472 45 22 00 Fax : (33) 478 31 79 80
PAGE 12 09/06/1999

SECOND STEP
MAIN CHECK VALVE TO
OPENING CYLINDER
LARGE AREA

FROM VALVE TO VALVE

TO
CYLINDER
ROD END SIDE

When the spool moves upward further, it pushes the main check valve upward allowing more oil
flow to be released to tank through the control valve;

TAMROCK SECOMA S.A

19 avenue De Lattre-de-Tassigny - ZI
B.P. 46 - 69881 MEYZIEU Cedex
Tel : (33) 472 45 22 00 Fax : (33) 478 31 79 80
 09/06/1999 PAGE 13

2/4/2 COUNTER BALANCE VALVE

NEUTRAL POSITION

NEUTRAL

SYMBOL

P
PILOT
PRESSURE
pilot line
R

SIMPLIFIED
P

R
DIRECTION.
VALVE
PORT

TO CYLINDER or MOTOR

Note: this valve is the only one which do not used piloted operation principle. The pressure is acting
directly against the large spring on top of the valve.
This valve consist of a body, a outer spool and a inner spool.
In neutral position both spool are in contact at their bottom side. No oil from the cylinder can flow
back to the control valve. Due to the load in the cylinder the pressure created is applies to both
spools. The force created is balanced at the opposite side by the main spring acting only on the
outer spool.

TAMROCK SECOMA S.A

19 avenue De Lattre-de-Tassigny - ZI
B.P. 46 - 69881 MEYZIEU Cedex
Tel : (33) 472 45 22 00 Fax : (33) 478 31 79 80
PAGE 14 09/06/1999

SAFETY FUNCTION
OVER PRESSURE

PILOT
PRESSURE

DIRECTION.
VALVE
PORT

FROM CYLINDER or MOTOR

If the pressure increases in the cylinder chamber, both spools will move upward due to force been
increased until the inner spool makes contact to the adjusting screw.
The inner spool is now locked. the pressure is now acting only on the ring area of the outer spool.
In case of over pressure in the cylinder, the outer spool moves further upward therefore the two
spools lose their contact allowing oil to escape back to the control directional valve port. At this step
the valve is working as a safety relief valve.
NOTE: To allow oil to escape back to tank all counter-balance valve
should be connected to directional control valve using the following
A
type of spool.

B In neutral position outlet port A and B should be vented to the return

line.

TAMROCK SECOMA S.A

19 avenue De Lattre-de-Tassigny - ZI
B.P. 46 - 69881 MEYZIEU Cedex
Tel : (33) 472 45 22 00 Fax : (33) 478 31 79 80
 09/06/1999 PAGE 15

NORMAL WORKING FUNCTION

PILOTED CHECK VALVE

Pilot channel FUNCTION

B PILOT
PRESSURE

SCHEMATIC

DIRECTION.
VALVE
PORT

FROM CYLINDER or MOTOR

In normal working condition, there is pressure applied at the bottom of the spools due to the load in
the cylinder.
When the control valve is activated (for example to line B, oil from the directional control valve flows
free into the large chamber of the cylinder, oil is directed as well to the opposite counter balance
valve through the pilot channel.
This pilot pressure enters the pilot chamber of the C. Balance valve, due to the large area of this
chamber a low pressure is able to opens the valve. Oil from the rod end chamber can escape to
tank.
NOTE: a higher pressure in the large chamber of the cylinder due to the load will result in a lower
pilot pressure needed to open the valve.

This basic principle works in the opposite way as a piloted check valve in which a higher pressure
due to the load, calls for higher pilot pressure.

TAMROCK SECOMA S.A

19 avenue De Lattre-de-Tassigny - ZI
B.P. 46 - 69881 MEYZIEU Cedex
Tel : (33) 472 45 22 00 Fax : (33) 478 31 79 80
PAGE 16 09/06/1999

BY-PASS
FUNCTION

PILOT
PRESSURE

FROM
DIRECTION.
VALVE
PORT

TO CYLINDER or MOTOR

Oil from the directional control valve enters the valve, the inner spool moves downward due to the
light spring, oil flows freely into the cylinder chamber

TAMROCK SECOMA S.A

19 avenue De Lattre-de-Tassigny - ZI
B.P. 46 - 69881 MEYZIEU Cedex
Tel : (33) 472 45 22 00 Fax : (33) 478 31 79 80
 09/06/1999 PAGE 17

l
ANTI-JAMMING
FUNCTION

PILOT
PRESSURE
FROM ROTATION

RETURN
PORT

FROM FEED FORWARD CIRCUIT

In the BCI (integrated control block) which controls all the drilling functions, there is a counter
balance valve used as an anti-jamming.
Feed forward pressure is applied at the bottom of the spools.
Rotation pressure is directed to the pilot chamber.
In normal drilling situation where the rotation pressure is at a normal level, no feed oil can be
released to the return port.
When the rod start to jam into the hole, the rotation pressure increases therefore step by step the
feed pressure will decrease according to the rotation pressure.
A rod fully jammed into the hole will result in a full bypass of the feed flow to the return.

TAMROCK SECOMA S.A

19 avenue De Lattre-de-Tassigny - ZI
B.P. 46 - 69881 MEYZIEU Cedex
Tel : (33) 472 45 22 00 Fax : (33) 478 31 79 80
PAGE 18 09/06/1999

2/4/3 SEQUENCE VALVE

circuit B A sequence valve works as a pressure switch

which operates a solenoid valve. According to the
level of pressure into the cylinder in circuit A, oil is
24 Vac
directed or not to motor in circuit B.
P

NOTE: a sequence valve do not modify either

circuit A pressure or flow. It operates or not some other
function. When the sequence valve opens the
pressure at the outlet port is identical as the inlet
pressure.
160

NEUTRAL WORKING

OUT

IN

SYMBOL
D D
R OUT

OUT OUT

PILOT PRESSURE

PILOT PRESSURE PILOT PRESSURE

TAMROCK SECOMA S.A

19 avenue De Lattre-de-Tassigny - ZI
B.P. 46 - 69881 MEYZIEU Cedex
Tel : (33) 472 45 22 00 Fax : (33) 478 31 79 80
 09/06/1999 PAGE 19

3 BASIC DRILLING CIRCUITS

3/1 HYDRASTAR 300

Basic schematic suitable for Mercury 14 and Pluton 17 & 30.

NOTE: FLOW 2 is larger than flow 1 and flow 3 as it is used on percussion circuit.

H.P. FILTER

BCI
ROTATION PERCUSSION FEED
VALVE VALVE VALVE

BOOM
CONTROL
VALVE

16 l/mn
FLOW preset flow
DIVIDER

FLOW 1 FLOW 2 FLOW 3

TAMROCK SECOMA S.A

19 avenue De Lattre-de-Tassigny - ZI
B.P. 46 - 69881 MEYZIEU Cedex
Tel : (33) 472 45 22 00 Fax : (33) 478 31 79 80
PAGE 20 09/06/1999

3/2 HYDRASTAR 350

Standard configuration for a H350 drifter.
NOTE: This configuration requires a 45Kw power pack.

H.P. FILTER

BCI
ROTATION PERCUSSION FEED
VALVE VALVE VALVE

BOOM
CONTROL
VALVE

36l 16 l/mn
FLOW
DIVIDER
52 l

52 l 52 l

FLOW 1 FLOW 2 FLOW 3

TAMROCK SECOMA S.A

19 avenue De Lattre-de-Tassigny - ZI
B.P. 46 - 69881 MEYZIEU Cedex
Tel : (33) 472 45 22 00 Fax : (33) 478 31 79 80
 09/06/1999 PAGE 21

3/3 HYDRASTAR 200

Flow 3 is used to drive the compressor and the water pump (according to machine model).
.

H.P. FILTER

BCI
ROTATION PERCUSSION FEED
VALVE VALVE VALVE

COMPRESSOR
control
valve

BOOM
CONTROL
VALVE

WATER
10 l/mn control
preset flow valve
FLOW
DIVIDER

FLOW 1 FLOW 2 FLOW 3

TAMROCK SECOMA S.A

19 avenue De Lattre-de-Tassigny - ZI
B.P. 46 - 69881 MEYZIEU Cedex
Tel : (33) 472 45 22 00 Fax : (33) 478 31 79 80
PAGE 22 09/06/1999

3/4 BOLTING MACHINE

H.P. FILTER

BCI
BOLT DRILL OPTION
PERCUSSION FEED
ROTATION ROTATION OR
VALVE VALVE VALVE
VALVE
TANK

BOOM
CONTROL
VALVE

FLOW
16 l/mn DIVIDER
preset flow

FLOW 1 FLOW 2 FLOW 3

3/5 OPTIONNAL EQUIPMENT

TAMROCK SECOMA S.A

19 avenue De Lattre-de-Tassigny - ZI
B.P. 46 - 69881 MEYZIEU Cedex
Tel : (33) 472 45 22 00 Fax : (33) 478 31 79 80
 09/06/1999 PAGE 23

TELESCOPIC DRILL FEED

NOTE: the selector valve not activated, the 5l/mn flow is directed to the boom valve.
The valve energized, 5l/mn are directed to the telescopic cylinder, 10 l/mn are available for the feed
circuit .

BCI
FEED
VALVE

TELESCOPIC
CYLINDER
CONTROL
BOOM
CONTROL
VALVE

OR

SELECTOR
VALVE

FLOW 5 l/mn
DIVIDER preset flow
Nb. 2
FLOW
DIVIDER
Nb. 1 preset flow

TAMROCK SECOMA S.A

19 avenue De Lattre-de-Tassigny - ZI
B.P. 46 - 69881 MEYZIEU Cedex
Tel : (33) 472 45 22 00 Fax : (33) 478 31 79 80
PAGE 24 09/06/1999

3/6 COMPRESSOR COOLING CIRCUIT

NOTE: OPTION BLOCK 840 1599 should be installed on BCI, as to be able to collect the
compressor cooling line from the rotation circuit.

OPTION BLOCK
840 1599 ROTATION
VALVE
BCI

20

COMPRESSOR
COOLING
LINE

COMPRESSOR
POWER PACK

FLOW 1

TAMROCK SECOMA S.A

19 avenue De Lattre-de-Tassigny - ZI
B.P. 46 - 69881 MEYZIEU Cedex
Tel : (33) 472 45 22 00 Fax : (33) 478 31 79 80
 09/06/1999 PAGE 25

4 MULTI FLOW PUMP

TOP

PERCUSSION FLOW
AIR BLEEDER

BOTTOM

As a standard, the percussion flow head is directed to the top side of the machine. The air bleeder is
located underneath the percussion head.

ATTENTION: BLEED THE PUMP EVERY TIME THE SUCTION LINE HAS BEEN
DISCONNECTED OR THE HYDRAULIC TANK HAS BEEN DRAINED OUT.

TAMROCK SECOMA S.A

19 avenue De Lattre-de-Tassigny - ZI
B.P. 46 - 69881 MEYZIEU Cedex
Tel : (33) 472 45 22 00 Fax : (33) 478 31 79 80