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Technology and
Livelihood Education
DRESSMAKING/TAILORING
Module 3
CLASSIFYING SEWING
MACHINE

Department of Education ● Republic of the Philippines

 What I Need to Know

Thousands of years ago, man had to use a bone needle and animal
sinew (tendon) to sew animal skins for clothing. Then came the use of thread
and needle to join pieces of fabric in constructing garment. Though the
invention of sewing machine in the 19th century has saved time and labor of
housewives in repairing a garment, a few still rely on hand sewing due to lack
of budget. Rather than buying other home appliances, a practical housewife
would choose for a sewing machine.

Sewing machine is a machine which is mechanically driven needle

used to stitch materials together with thread. It is designed to join pieces of
fabric or materials by means of either a lockstitch or a chain stitch. There are
two main uses for a sewing machine. One is to make or repair clothes by
attaching fabric with thread, and the other one, is that they save you a lot of
time when it comes to doing those tasks.
This module consists the competency entitled Identify Sewing Tools
and Equipment and their Uses (TLE_HEDM7/8UT-0a-b-1) provides
knowledge on the different types of sewing machines, their uses, parts, and
functions of the lockstitch sewing machine that you must need to learn in
order to develop your skills in sewing that will help you get to its high
performance level.
After going through this module, you are expected to:

classify sewing machines and their uses;

identify the different parts of the lockstitch sewing machine;
describe the function of each part of the lockstitch sewing
machine.

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 What I Know

Pre-Test
Directions: Choose the letter of the best answer. Write your answers in your
TLE notebook.

1. What part of a sewing machine leads the balance wheel through the
belt connection?
a. band wheel c. dress guard
b. belt guide d. treadle
2. Which of the following parts connects the balance wheel to the drive
wheel?
a. belt c. extension leaf
b. bobbin d. legs
3. Which part of the machine is the thread holder?
a. cabinet c. spool pin
b. feed dog d. thread guide
4. What type of the sewing machine is used in reinforcing the opening and
closing of pockets?
a. bartacking machine c. embroidery machine
b. buttonholer machine d. lockstitch machine
5. What part of the sewing machine serves as the window of the feed dog
where the bobbin threads come out?
a. needle clamp c. tension
c. slide plate d. throat plate
6. What part of the sewing machine holds the fabric in place while sewing?
a. belt guide c. presser bar
b. needle bar d.. Presser foot
7. What type of sewing machine is used in making buttonholes on garments?
a. button attachment machine c. double needle machine
b. buttonholer machine d. embroidery machine

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8. What part of a sewing machine attached in the needle clamp used for
sewing?
a. bobbin case c. needle
b. bobbin winder d. throat plate
9. What part of the sewing machine holds the treadle to band wheel crank?
a. pitman rod c. thread take up lever
b. presser bar d. shuttle
10. Which type of sewing machine finishes the raw edges of the pattern for
construction?
a. button attachment machine c. hi-speed sewing machine
b. double needle machine d. over edging machine
11. What part of the sewing machine that checks the length of the stitches?
a. belt c. stitch regulator
b. head d. thread guide
12. Which of the following does NOT belong to the upper parts of sewing
machine?
a. ar m c. bed b.
cabinet d. head
13. What machine is also called Domestic Sewing Machine that is usually
used at home and sometimes in school?
a. embroidery machine c. lockstitch sewing machine
b. hi-speed sewing machine d. over edging machine
14. Which of the following sets the mechanism in motion?
a. balance wheel c. needle bar
b. feed dog d. spool pin
15. What part of the sewing machine where feet are stationed to drive the
band wheel through the pitman rod?
a. dress guard c. slide plate
b. needle clamp d. treadle

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 CLASSIFYING SEWING
Lesson
MACHINES

What's In

What do you think are the importance of sewing tools and equipment?
Why do we need to classify the sewing tools and equipment? Can you give
their functions/uses?

Activity 1
Directions: Answer the given questions below. Write your answer in
your TLE notebook.

1. What are the 6 classifications of sewing tools and equipment?

2. What are the different measuring tools, cutting tools, marking tools,
pinning and sewing tools, drafting tools, and pressing tools?

3. What is sewing kit?

4. What is the difference between sewing tools and sewing equipment?

5. Why is it important to know the different sewing tools and equipment?

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 What's New

Activity 2 - Let me Know

Directions: Identify the following statements below. Choose your answer

from the box. Write your answer in your TLE notebook.

Bartacking Machine Hi-Speed Sewing Machine

Button Attachment Machine Lockstitch Sewing Machine

Buttonholer Machine Over Edging Machine

Double Needle Machine Sewing Machine

Embroidery Machine Arm Bed Head

___________1. It is a textile machine used to sew, stitch fabrics and other

materials together with thread and needle.
___________2. It is used in making buttonholes on garments.
___________3. It is a type of sewing machine used in making fancy stitches
and in making different kinds of embroidery stitches on fabrics.
___________4. It is used in the construction of the different kinds of clothing
especially for the inseam, out seam and side seam.
___________5. This is also called Domestic Sewing Machine which is ran by
foot and may also be converted to electric power machine.
___________6. It is a type of sewing machine which is used in attaching
buttons to the garments.
___________7. It is a type of a sewing machine that has automatic lubrication
and is used by tailors and dressmakers.
___________8. It is used in reinforcing the opening and closing of pockets.
___________9. It finishes the raw edges of the pattern for construction.
___________10. It is a curve part of the head containing mechanism for
operating the needle.

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 What is It

Types of Sewing Machines and Its Functions

Sewing machine is an equipment which is very indispensable in any

sewing activity, whether it be repairing, altering clothes, or recycling
household article. It is a textile machine used to sew, stitch fabrics and other
materials together with thread and needle. Special care should be given.

Well-selected sewing machine is essential for achieving good results. It

should be used correctly in accordance with the job requirements.

Types of Sewing Machines Functions

1. Lockstitch Sewing This is usually used in homes and

Machine sometimes in school. This is also called
Domestic Sewing Machine. It is run by
foot and may also be converted to electric
power machine.

2. Hi-Speed Lockstitch
Sewing Machine
This is sometimes called "Straight
stitching machine" or "Industrial sewing
machine". It has automatic lubrication and
is used by tailors and dressmakers.

3. Over Edging Machine

Other companies call it Small machine. It
finishes the raw edges of the pattern for
construction.

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4. Embroidery Machine This is used in making fancy stitches and in
making different kinds of embroidery
stitches on fabrics for the Barong Tagalog,
pillow cases, linen, handkerchiefs, and
other novelty items.

5. Buttonholer Machine
This is used in making
buttonholes on garments.

6. Button Attachment
Machine This is used in attaching buttons to the
garments.

7. Double Needle Machine

This is used in the construction of the
different kinds of clothing especially for the
inseam, out seam and side seam.

8. Bartacking Machine
This is used in reinforcing the opening and
closing of pockets.

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 Different Parts Of Sewing Machine And Their Functions

The basic structure of sewing machine is the same whether it is hand-

operated sewing, treadle sewing machine or electric sewing machine. Let us
continue the discussion with the different parts of a lockstitch sewing machine
and their functions.

Two Major Parts of the Lockstitch Sewing Machine

The two major parts of the lock stitch sewing machine are the upper
parts and lower parts.

Upper Parts Lower Parts

The upper parts are composed of the following:

1. Head is the complete sewing machine without a cabinet or stand.
2. Arm is the curve part of the head containing mechanism for operating the
needle.
3. Bed is the flat portion of the machine and beneath is the feed dog where it
is mounted, and the shuttle and lower thread are placed.

ARM

HEAD

BED

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Parts of the Sewing Machine in the Arm and Head

1. Spool Pin is the thread holder.

2. Thread Guide keeps the thread in position.
3. Thread Take up Lever releases the thread and interlocks with the bobbin
thread.
4. Presser bar lifter moves the presser foot.
5. Tension screw controls the looseness and tightness of stitches.
6. Needle Bar holds the needle in place.
7. Needle Clamp holds and tightens the needle.
8. Presser Foot holds the fabric in place while sewing.
9. Presser Bar a bar to which the presser foot of a sewing machine is
attached.
10. Needle is a slender tool attached in the needle clamp used for sewing.
11. Bobbin Winder controls the bobbin while winding thread. It has three
parts namely:
a. Latch it fastens the bobbin in the spindle while winding the threads
b. Spindle is a slender rod by which the threads is twisted in a spinning
wheel.
c. Rubber ring is a ring on the bobbin winder which comes in contact with
the nut of the balance wheel.
12. Stitch regulator checks the length of the stitches.
13. Balance Wheel sets the mechanism in motion.
14. Belt connects the balance wheel to the drive wheel.
15. Stop Motion Screw hinders moving when loosened and starts.
16. Face Plate a cover that encloses the oiling points of the needle bar,
presser bar and the take up lever.

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 Thread take
up lever

Stop Motion
Screw

Belt

Parts of the sewing machine in the Arm and Head

Parts of Sewing Machine in the Bed or Under the Bed

1. Feed Dog moves the fabric while sewing.

2. Throat plate is the windows of the feed dog and it is where the bobbin
threads come out.
3. Slide plate is a movable plate that covers the shuttle and bobbin case.
4. Shuttle holds the bobbin case while sewing. 5. Bobbin is a metal spool
for winding thread. 6. Bobbin Case holds the bobbin.

NEEDLE BAR
PRESSER BAR 5 BOBBIN
NEEDLE CLAMP

NEEDLE

PRESSER
FOOT

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Parts of the sewing machine in the bed or under the bed

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The Lower Parts of the Lock Stitch Sewing Machine

The lower parts of the sewing machine are the cabinet and the stand.
The cabinet has drawers and screw on the hinges for the attachment of the
head. The following are the lower parts of the sewing machine and their uses:

1. Band Wheel leads the balance wheel through the belt connection.
2. Band Wheel Crank moves the band wheel.
3. Pitman Rod holds the treadle to band wheel crank. 4.
Belt Guide holds the belt to its place.
5. Belt Shifter removes the belt from the wheel.
6. Dress Guard protects the dress from the wheel.
7. Treadle is where the feet are stationed to drive the band wheel through the
pitman rod.
8. Legs support the cabinet of the machine.
9. Cabinet holds the head of the machine by interlocking screw on the hinges.
10. Drawers are used for storing sewing accessories and tools such as pins,
needles, threads, scissors, tape measures, etc.
11. Extension leaf is used to enlarge the bed plate of the sewing machine
and to give support to the left hand of the operator.

11 EXTENSION LEAF

BELT GUIDE
10 BELT SHIFTER
DRAWER(S) DR FTEG
SHIESS RUARD
TREADLE GUA
GUGG
LEG(S)

The lower parts of the lockstitch sewing machine

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 What's More

Activity 3 - Identify and Classify Me

A. Directions: Based from the picture, identify the type of sewing
machine is referred and its corresponding function. Write your answer in your
TLE notebook.

Picture Type of sewing machine Functions

Example: Example: Example:

Button Attachment This is used in attaching

Machine buttons to the garments.

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

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B. Directions: Classify whether each part of the sewing machine belongs to
arm/head, bed, or lower part and give its function. Follow the given example
below as your guide.

Classification of each part

where it belongs
Name of the ( arm/ head; bed; or Function
parts lower part)

Example: Example: Example:

F eed d og Bed It moves the fabric while
sewing.

1. Balance wheel

2. Slide plate

3. Band wheel
crank

4. Bobbin winder

5. Belt guide

6. Shuttle

7. Tension

8. Needle clamp

9. Dress guard

10. Pitman rod

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 What I Have Learned

Activity 4 - Fill in the Blanks

Directions: Complete the following statements. Write your answer in your TLE
notebook.

1. _______ is the complete sewing machine without a cabinet or stand.

2. ______ is the flat portion of the machine and beneath is the feed dog where
it is mounted, and the shuttle and lower thread are placed.

3. A part of a sewing machine that controls the looseness and tightness of

stitches is called___________.

4. A part of the sewing machine that keeps the thread in position is called
________.

5. The part of the sewing machine that holds the fabric in place while sewing
is called___________.

6. ________ is the curve part of the head containing mechanism for operating
the needle.

7. Lockstitch sewing machine is also called __________________.It is ran by

foot and may also be converted to electric power machine.

8. An over edging machine also called as_____________. It finishes the raw

edges of the pattern for construction.
9. _____________ is used in reinforcing the opening and closing of pockets.

10. A type of sewing machine used in making buttonholes on garments is

called_______.

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 What I Can Do

Activity 5 - Labeling
Directions: Identify the different parts of a lockstitch sewing machine. Write
your answer in your TLE notebook.

30
27

29
28 19
1

18

20

22 21 24
26
25

23

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 Assessment

Post Test

Direction: Answer the following questions. Choose the letter of the best
answer. Write the chosen letter in your TLE notebook..

1. What type of the sewing machine is used in reinforcing the opening and
closing of pockets?
a. bartacking machine c. embroidery machine
b. buttonholer machine d. lockstitch machine
2. What part of the sewing machine holds the fabric in place while sewing?
a. belt guide c. presser bar
b. needle bar d.. Presser foot
3. What part of a sewing machine attached in the needle clamp used for
sewing?
a. bobbin case c. needle
b. bobbin winder d. throat plate
4. Which type of sewing machine finishes the raw edges of the pattern for
construction?
a. button attachment machine c. hi-speed sewing machine
b. double needle machine d. over edging machine
5. What part of a sewing machine leads the balance wheel through the
belt connection?
a. band wheel c. dress guard
b. belt guide d. treadle
6. Which of the following parts connects the balance wheel to the drive
wheel?
a. belt c. extension leaf
b. bobbin d. legs
7. What type of sewing machine is used in making buttonholes on garments?
a. button attachment machine c. double needle machine
b. buttonholer machine d. embroidery machine

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8. What part of the sewing machine where feet are stationed to drive the band
wheel through the pitman rod?
a. dress guard c. slide plate
b. needle clamp d. treadle
9. Which part of the machine is the thread holder?
a. cabinet c. spool pin
b. feed dog d. thread guide
10. What part of the sewing machine that checks the length of the stitches?
a. belt c. stitch regulator
b. head d. thread guide
11. What part of the sewing machine serves as the window of the feed dog
where the bobbin threads come out?
a. needle clamp c. tension
c. slide plate d. throat plate
12. What machine is also called Domestic Sewing Machine that is usually
used at home and sometimes in school?
a. embroidery machine c. lockstitch sewing machine
b. hi-speed sewing machine d. over edging machine
13. Which of the following sets the mechanism in motion?
a. balance wheel c. needle bar
b. feed dog d. spool pin
14. Which of the following does NOT belong to the upper parts of sewing
machine?
a. ar m c. bed
b. cabinet d. head
15. What part of the sewing machine holds the treadle to band wheel crank?
a. pitman rod c. thread take up lever
b. presser bar d. shuttle

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 Additional Activities

In order to firm up your understanding of the topic previously

presented, you are tasked to conduct an interview with some elders in your
community. Write the information gathered in your TLE activity notebook.

Activity 6 - Interview

Directions: Choose 5 elderly in your community (neighbors, relatives, or

grandparents). Conduct an interview using the following questions
below. (All answers will be recognized)

1. What method of sewing he/she used during his/her time?

______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________

2. What type of sewing machine did he use during that time?

______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________

3. What were the challenges he/she encountered in sewing?

______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________

4. Which do you prefer to use in sewing, a lockstitch sewing machine or an

electric/motorized sewing machine? Why?
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________

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