DRUG STUDY

STUDENT NAME: JANILENE CARANZO____

FINAL DIAGNOSIS: CVD Hemorrhage Left Thalamus with Intraventricular Extension, Nosocomial Pneumonia with Sepsis; Acute Kidney Failure
on top of CKD Hypertensive Nephropathy__

DRUG NAME MECHANISM OF INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION SIDE EFFECTS AND NURSING

ACTION ADVERSE EFFECTS INTERVENTIONS
Generic Name: Mannitol - It helps to - Active Side Effects: 1. Monitor VS
Mannitol ↓ reduce swelling intracranial - Hypertension including CVP
Inhibit tubular and pressure bleeding (except - Urinary and fluid I&O
Drug Classification: reabsorption of around the brain during retention hourly.
Diuretics, Osmotic water and craniotomy) - Headache
Agents electrolytes - It force urine - Fever 2. Check weight,
↓ production in - Anuria renal function,
Available Dosage: ↑ osmotic pressure people with secondary to Adverse Effects: fluid balance,
100cc q4° of glomerular filtrate acute kidney severe renal - (-) and serum and
↓ failure disease urine sodium
↑ blood plasma and potassium
osmolality - Progressive daily (Urometer
↓ heart failure collection bag)
Reduction of
intracranial pressure - Pulmonary 3. Monitor I.V. site
↓ Congestion carefully to
↑ UO avoid
- Renal damage, extravasation
or renal and tissue
dysfunction necrosis.
after mannitol
therapy begins 4. Watch for
excessive fluid
- Severe loss and signs
pulmonary and symptoms
congestion or of hypovolemia
 pulmonary and
edema dehydration.

- Severe
dehydration
 DRUG NAME MECHANISM OF INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION SIDE EFFECTS AND NURSING
ACTION ADVERSE EFFECTS INTERVENTIONS
Generic Name: Citicoline - Cerebrovascular - Must not be Side Effects: 1. Assess for
Citicoline ↓ accident (CVA) administered to - Fever allergic
↑ synthesis of patients with reactions such
Drug Classification: neuronal membrane hypertonic of the Adverse Effects: as GI
Psychostimulant phospholipid parasympathetic. - (-) disturbances
↓
Available Dosage: ↑ acetylcholine 2. Monitor Vital
1g IV q12° production and Signs
dopamine release
3. Monitor level
of
consciousness

4. Monitor I & O

5. Provide safety
to prevent
injury

6. Administer
antipyretics as
ordered.
 DRUG NAME MECHANISM OF INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION SIDE EFFECTS AND NURSING
ACTION ADVERSE EFFECTS INTERVENTIONS
Generic Name: Losartan - Hypertension - Hypersensitivity Side Effects: 1. Monitor
Losartan potassium ↓ to drug or its - Headache patient’s BP
Inhibits - To reduce risk of components - Dizziness closely to
Drug Classification: vasoconstrictive and stroke in evaluate
Antihypertensives aldosterone patients with - Pregnancy Adverse Effects: effectiveness of
secretion action of HPN and left (second and - (-) therapy.
Available Dosage: angiotensin II ventricular third trimesters)
50mg/tab OD ↓ hypertrophy 2. Assess liver and
Blocking angiotensin kidney function
II receptor tests and
↓ electrolyte levels
Relaxes blood vessels
↓ 3. Review all other
↑ supply of blood significant and
and oxygen to heart life-threatening
↓ adverse
↓ BP reactions and
interactions,
especially those
related to the
drugs, tests, and
foods
 DRUG NAME MECHANISM OF INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION SIDE EFFECTS AND NURSING
ACTION ADVERSE EFFECTS INTERVENTIONS
Generic Name: Atenolol - Hypertension - Cardiogenic Side Effects: 1. Watch for signs
Atenolol ↓ shock - Shortness of and symptoms
Blocks beta1 breath of
Drug Classification: adrenergic receptors - Sinus - Headache hypersensitivity
Beta-adrenergic ↓ bradycardia reaction
blockers ↓ CO and Cardiac Adverse Effects:
oxygen consumption - Greater than - Lethargy 2. Monitor vital
Available Dosage: ↓ first-degree signs (especially
50mg/tab OD Depresses renin heart block blood
secretion pressure), ECG,
↓ - Heart failure and exercise
Heart beats slower (unless tolerance
↓ secondary to
↑ blood and O2 in tachyarrhythmia 3. Monitor patient
the heart treatable with for cardiac
↓ BP beta-adrenergic failure.
blockers) Discontinue
drug in patients
who develop
cardiac failure
that doesn’t
respond to
standard
treatment

4. Monitor blood
glucose level
regularly if
patient is
diabetic; drug
may mask signs
and symptoms
of
hypoglycemia
 DRUG NAME MECHANISM OF INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION SIDE EFFECTS AND NURSING
ACTION ADVERSE EFFECTS INTERVENTIONS
Generic Name: Furosemide - Acute - Hypersensitivity Side Effects: 1. Monitor
Furosemide ↓ pulmonary to drug or other - Increased weight, BP, and
Inhibits sodium and edema sulfonamides urination pulse rate
Drug Classification: chloride reabsorption - Weakness routinely with
Sulfonamide Loop ↓ - Hypertension - Anuria long term use
diuretics ↑ potassium Adverse Effects:
excretion and plasma - (-) 2. Monitor fluid
Available Dosage: volume I&O and
20mg IV q12° ↓ electrolyte,
Promote renal BUN, and
excretion of chloride, carbon dioxide
magnesium, levels
hydrogen, calcium, frequently
sodium and water
↓ 3. Watch for signs
↑ UO of hypokalemia
such as muscle
weakness and
cramps

4. Watch for signs

and symptoms
of ototoxicity.

5. Assess for other

evidence of
drug toxicity
(arrhythmias,
renal
dysfunction,
abdominal pain,
sore throat,
fever)
 DRUG NAME MECHANISM OF INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION SIDE EFFECTS AND NURSING
ACTION ADVERSE EFFECTS INTERVENTIONS
Generic Name: Ceftazidime - Septicemia caused by - Hypersensitivity Side Effects: 1. Assess CBC and
Ceftazidime ↓ susceptible to - Headache kidney and
Binding to cell wall microorganism such cephalosporins liver function
Drug Classification: to interfere bacterial as streptococci or penicillins Adverse Effects: test results.
Third-generation cell-wall synthesis - (-)
cephalosporin ↓ - Very severe life- 2. Monitor for
Causing cell to die threatening infections signs and
Available Dosage: ↓ especially in symptoms of
1g IV q8° Exhibits minimal immunocompromise superinfection
immunosuppressant d patients and other
activity serious adverse
reactions

3. Monitor
patient for
diarrhea and
treat
appropriately
 DRUG NAME MECHANISM OF INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION SIDE EFFECTS AND NURSING
ACTION ADVERSE EFFECTS INTERVENTIONS
Generic Name: Clindamycin - Severe - Hypersensitivity Side Effects: 1. Monitor
Clindamycin ↓ infections to drug or - (-) creatinine level
Inhibits protein caused by lincomycin closely in
Drug Classification: synthesis in sensitive Adverse Effects: patients with
Lincosamide susceptible bacteria organisms (such - (-) renal
↓ as Bacteroides insufficiency.
Available Dosage: inhibiting peptide fragilis,
300mg q6° bond formation Clostridium 2. Monitor
↓ perfringens, hepatic enzyme
causing cell death Fusobacterium, levels in
↓ pneumococci, patients with
Treatment for staphylococci, hepatic disease.
infections and
streptococci) 3. Assess for signs
and symptoms
of
hypersensitivity
reactions,
including
anaphylaxis.

4. Assess for
diarrhea and
signs and
symptoms of
colitis.
 DRUG NAME MECHANISM OF INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION SIDE EFFECTS AND NURSING
ACTION ADVERSE EFFECTS INTERVENTIONS
Generic Name: Paracetamol - Treat high-grade - Aloric Side Effects: 1. Monitor vital
Paracetamol ↓ fever undernutrition - (-) sign of the
Infection patient
Drug Classification: ↓ - Acute liver Adverse Effects:
Non opioids ↑ WBC failure - (-) 2. Monitor for
analgesic and ↓ liver toxicity
antipyretics ↑ body temperature - Liver problems
↓ 3. Give drugs with
Available Dosage: Produce analgesia - Severe renal food if GI upset
500 mg tab q4 ↓ impairment occurs
Antipyretic effect
- Shock 4. Perform tepid
sponge bath
- Acetaminophen
overdose 5. Avoid using
multiple
- Acute preparations
inflammation of containing
the liver due to acetaminophen
hepatitis C virus

- Allergies
 DRUG NAME MECHANISM OF INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION SIDE EFFECTS AND NURSING
ACTION ADVERSE EFFECTS INTERVENTIONS
Generic Name: Amlodipine - Hypertension - Hypersensitivity Side Effects: 1. Monitor heart
Amlodipine ↓ to drug - Dizziness rate and
Inhibits calcium ion rhythm and
Drug Classification: influx Adverse Effects: blood pressure,
Calcium channel ↓ - (-) especially at
blocker Dilates coronary start of therapy
arteries and
Available Dosage: arterioles 2. Assess for heart
10mg tab OD ↓ failure; report
Decreases BP and signs and
myocardial oxygen symptoms
demand (peripheral
edema,
dyspnea) to
prescriber
promptly

3. As appropriate,
review all other
significant
adverse
reactions,
especially those
related to the
drugs
 DRUG NAME MECHANISM OF INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION SIDE EFFECTS AND NURSING
ACTION ADVERSE EFFECTS INTERVENTIONS
Generic Name: Esomeprazole - Treatment of - Hypersensitivity Side Effects: 1. Monitor
Esomeprazole ↓ gastroesophageal to proton pump - (-) neurologic
Inhibiting enzyme reflux disease inhibitors status,
Drug Classification: activity in gastric (GERD) Adverse Effects: especially for
Proton Pump parietal cells - (-) dizziness,
Inhibitors ↓ headache,
Preventing transport paresthesia,
Available Dosage: of hydrogen ions into and asthenia.
40mg tab OD gastric lumen
↓ 2. Watch for signs
↓ gastric acid and symptoms
production of EENT and
respiratory
infections.

3. Assess
nutritional and
hydration status
in light of
adverse GI
effects.

4. Check for rash

and other signs
of
hypersensitivity.

5. Monitor liver
function test
results if patient
is on long-term
therapy.
 DRUG NAME MECHANISM OF INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION SIDE EFFECTS AND NURSING
ACTION ADVERSE EFFECTS INTERVENTIONS
Generic Name: Clonidine - Mild to - Hypersensitivity Side Effects: 1. Monitor patient
Clonidine ↓ moderate to drug - lightheadedness for signs and
Stimulates alpha- hypertension symptoms of
Drug Classification: adrenergic receptors - Hypersensitivity Adverse Effects: adverse
Centrally acting in CNS to components - (-) cardiovascular
sympatholytic ↓ of adhesive layer reactions.
↓ sympathetic (transdermal
Available Dosage: outflow form) 2. Frequently
75mcg tab q8° ↓ assess vital
inhibiting - Infection at signs, especially
vasoconstriction epidural blood pressure
↓ injection site, and pulse.
reducing blood bleeding
pressure problems 3. Monitor patient
(epidural use) for drug
tolerance and
- Concurrent efficacy
anticoagulant
therapy
 DRUG NAME MECHANISM OF INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION SIDE EFFECTS AND NURSING
ACTION ADVERSE EFFECTS INTERVENTIONS
Generic Name: Tranexemic acid - Use for - Known allergy to Side Effects: 1. Monitor vital
Tranexemic acid ↓ haemorrhage or TXA - (-) signs of the
Slowing breakdown risk of patient.
Drug Classification: the blood clots haemorrhage in - Intracranial bleeding Adverse Effects:
Antifibrinolytic ↓ those with , known defective - (-) 2. Assess the
Controls bleeding increased color vision patient from
Available Dosage: ↓ fibrinolysis or time to time if
500mg IV q8 Prevent prolonged fibrinogenolysis. - History of venous or there is any
bleeding arterial unusual
thromboembolism bleeding.
or active
thromboembolic 3. Promote rest
disease
4. Advise the
- Greater than 3 hours patient to
from traumatic report
injury. immediately if
the is unusual
bleeding
 DRUG NAME MECHANISM OF INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION SIDE EFFECTS AND NURSING
ACTION ADVERSE EFFECTS INTERVENTIONS
Generic Name: Tramadol - Moderate to - Hypersensitivity Side Effects: 1. Assess
Tramadol ↓ moderately to drug, its - headache patient’s
Hydrochloride Bind opioid severe pain in components, or response to
receptors patients who opioids Adverse Effects: drug 30
Drug Classification: ↓ require - (-) minutes after
Opoid Analgesic Inhibits reuptake of aroundthe-clock - Acute administration.
serotonin and treatment of intoxication with
Available Dosage: norepinephrine in pain for an alcohol, 2. Monitor
100mg IV PRN CNS extended period sedative- respiratory
↓ hypnotics, status.
↓ pain centrally acting Withhold drug
analgesics, and contact
opioid prescriber if
analgesics, or respirations
psychotropic become
agents shallow or
slower than 12
- Physical opioid cpm.
dependence
3. Monitor for
- Significant physical and
respiratory psychological
depression, drug
acute or severe dependence.
bronchial Report signs to
asthma or prescriber.
hypercapnia in
unmonitored 4. Assess the
settings or level of pain
absence of relief of the
resuscitative patient
equipment through pain
 scale.
5. Promote bed
rest to the
patient.
 DRUG NAME MECHANISM OF INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION SIDE EFFECTS AND NURSING
ACTION ADVERSE EFFECTS INTERVENTIONS
Generic Name: Acute Kidney Failure - Promotes - Galactosaemia Side Effects: 1. Monitor vital
Lactulose ↓ peristalsis by - Distention with sign of the
Hard passage of stool producing an - Gastrointestinal flatulence patient.
Drug Classification: ↓ osmotic effect in obstruction or
Gastrointestinal Lactulose the colon with subocclusive 2. Assess mental
agent, hyperosmotic ↓ resultant syndromes Adverse Effects: status before
laxative ↓ intestinal distention - (-) and periodically
production and - Acute throughout
Available Dosage: absorption of inflammatory course of
30 ml BID ammonia bowel disease therapy.
↓
Soften stools and - Digestive 3. Monitor blood
make it easier to pass perforation or glucose level in
risk of digestive diabetic patient
perforation because
lactulose can
- Painful increase blood
abdominal glucose level.
syndromes of
unknown cause 4. Monitor serum
electrolytes
- Low galactose periodically
diet. when use
chronically.
 DRUG NAME MECHANISM OF INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION SIDE EFFECTS NURSING
ACTION AND ADVERSE INTERVENTIONS
EFFECTS
Generic Name: Vigocid - Immunocompromised - History of Side Effects: 1. Monitor the
Vigocid ↓ patients (neutropenic allergic - Headache vital signs of the
Inhibits synthesis patients) in reactions to any patient.
Drug Classification: of bacterial cell combination with an of the Adverse Effects:
Piperacillin/tazobactam wall aminoglycoside penicillins, - (-) 2. Monitor patient
sodium ↓ cephalosporins, carefully during
Kills bacteria ß-lactamase the first 30 min
- Lower respiratory
Available Dosage: ↓ inhibitors. after initiation
tract infections
2.25 g q8° Enhance activity of the infusion
(nosocomial or
of piperacilin for signs of
community acquired
↓ hypersensitivity
pneumonia)
Treat infection
3. Provide a clean
and good
environment to
the patient.

4. Maintain the
cleanliness of
the body to
prevent further
infections.
 DRUG NAME MECHANISM OF INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION SIDE EFFECTS AND NURSING
ACTION ADVERSE EFFECTS INTERVENTIONS
Generic Name: Hydrocortisone - Respiratory - Contraindicated Side Effects:
Hydrocortisone ↓ diseases in patients - Hypertension 1. Monitor
inhibits migration of hypersensitive patient’s weight,
Drug Classification: leukocytes and - Severe to drug or any Adverse Effects: BP, and
Corticosteroid phagocytes of its - (-) electrolyte levels
inflammation
↓ components
Available Dosage: Suppresses immune
100mg IV q8° response 2. Inspect patient’s
↓ skin for
↓ inflammation petechiae

3. Tell patient not

to stop drug
abruptly or
without
prescribers
consent

4. Warn patient
about easy
bruising
 DRUG NAME MECHANISM OF INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION SIDE EFFECTS AND NURSING
ACTION ADVERSE EFFECTS INTERVENTIONS
Generic Name: Acetylcysteine - Respiratory - Hypersensitivity Side Effects: 1. Monitor
Acetylcysteine ↓ conditions to drug (except - Increase respirations,
(Exflem) ↓ viscosity of characterized by with antidotal secretions cough, and
secretions thick and viscous use) - Bronchospasm character of
Drug Classification: ↓ hypersecretions secretions
Mucolytic, promoting secretion - Status Adverse Effects:
acetaminophen removal through asthmaticus - (-) 2. Instruct patient
antidote coughing, postural (except with to report
drainage, and antidotal use) worsening
Available Dosage: mechanical means cough and
600mg tab OD after other
lunch respiratory
Acetylcysteine symptom
↓
acetaminophen
overdose
↓
maintains and
restores hepatic
glutathione
↓
inactivate toxic
metabolites
 DRUG NAME MECHANISM OF INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION SIDE EFFECTS AND NURSING
ACTION ADVERSE EFFECTS INTERVENTIONS
Generic Name: Pulmodual - Treat and prevent - Contraindicated Side Effects: 1. Monitor vital
Ipratropium ↓ symptoms in patients with - Headache signs, especially
bromide and Stimulates beta2- (wheezing and shor a history of RR
albuterol sulphate receptors tness of breath) hypersensitivity Adverse Effects:
(Pulmodual) ↓ caused by ongoing to soya lecithin - (-) 2. Monitor serum
Relaxes smooth lung disease or related food electrolyte
Drug Classification: muscles (chronic products levels
Bronchodilators ↓ obstructive
Bronchodilation and pulmonary disease- - Contraindicated 3. Stay alert for
Available Dosage: vasodilation COPD which in patients hypersensitivity
Pulmodual ½ neb + includes bronchitis  hypersensitive reactions and
2cc NSS q8° PRN and emphysema). to any other paradoxical
components of bronchospasm.
the drug Stop drug
product or immediately if
to atropine or these occur.
its derivatives
4. Advise patient
to establish
effective
bedtime routine
and to take
drug well
before bedtime
to minimize
insomnia
 DRUG NAME MECHANISM OF INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION SIDE EFFECTS AND NURSING
ACTION ADVERSE EFFECTS INTERVENTIONS
Generic Name: Renalog - Used as - Contraindicated Side Effects: 1. Promote bed
Renalog ↓ nutrition in patients - Headache rest
Normalizes metabolic therapy or hypersensitive - Constipation
Drug Classification: needs dietary to drug or any - Dry mouth 2. Provide good
Kidney supplement ↓ supplements in of its oral mouth care
Promotes recycling patients of components Adverse Effects: by using wet
Available Dosage: product exchange chronic kidney - (-) cotton balls to
600mg/tab (2 tabs) ↓ failure. - Contraindicated moisten the
TID Reduce ion in patients with lips.
concentration of - This drug helps hypercalcemia,
potassium, in preventing 3. Ensure that the
magnesium, and the unnecessary - Contraindicated pt. maintain
phosphate increase in urea in patients with adequate
levels in the disturbed calorie intake
blood due to amino acid during this
the intake of metabolism therapy.
non-essential
amino acids in 4. Administer
patients of laxatives as
kidney failure ordered
 DRUG NAME MECHANISM OF INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION SIDE EFFECTS AND NURSING
ACTION ADVERSE EFFECTS INTERVENTIONS
Generic Name: Kremezin - Improvement in - Contraindicated Side Effects: 1. Monitor VS
Spherical Carbon ↓ uremic to patients with - Constipation
Absorbent Improves the uremic symptoms and transit disorder 2. Monitor fluid
(Kremezin) symptoms for prolonging in the digestive Adverse Effects: intake and
↓ the time of tract - (-) electrolyte
Drug Classification: Uremic toxins initiation of levels
Adsorbent absorption in dialysis in
the digestive tract & chronic renal 3. Monitor stool
Available Dosage: excreted with the failure frequency and
2 sachets TID feces appearance
↓
Prolongs the time to 4. Inform patient
initiation of dialysis that drug may
turn stools
gray-black
temporarily
 DRUG NAME MECHANISM OF INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION SIDE EFFECTS AND NURSING
ACTION ADVERSE EFFECTS INTERVENTIONS
Generic Name: Sodium bicarbonate - Metabolic Contraindicated in Side Effects: 1. When giving
Sodium bicarbonate ↓ acidosis patients with: - (-) I.V., closely
Restores body’s - Hypocalcemia monitor arterial
Drug Classification: buffering capacity Adverse Effects: blood gas
Fluid and electrolyte ↓ - Metabolic or - (-) results and
agent, alkalinizer, Neutralizes excess respiratory electrolyte
antacid acid alkalosis levels.

Available Dosage: - Hypernatremia 2. Stay alert for

650mg tab TID signs and
- Hypokalemia symptoms of
metabolic
- Severe alkalosis and
pulmonary electrolyte
edema imbalances.

- Diuretic use 3. Monitor fluid

resulting in intake and
hypochloremic output. Assess
alkalosis for fluid
overload.

4. Avoid rapid
infusion, which
may cause
tetany.

5. Watch for
inflammation at
I.V. site
 DRUG NAME MECHANISM OF INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION SIDE EFFECTS AND NURSING
ACTION ADVERSE EFFECTS INTERVENTIONS
Generic Name: Potassium Chloride - To prevent Contraindicated in Side Effects: 1. Give I.V. form
Potassium Chloride ↓ potassium patients: - (-) as additive by
(Kalium durule) Maintains acid-base depletion - Hypersensitivity infusion only.
balance, isotonicity, to tartrazine or Adverse Effects: Never give
Drug Classification: and alcohol (with - (-) undiluted or by
Mineral, electrolyte electrophysiologic some products) I.V. push or I.M.
balance throughout route. Use
Available Dosage: body tissues - Acute peripheral line
1 tab TID ↓ dehydration and infuse at a
Essential for normal maximum rate
renal function and - Hyperkalemia of 40 mEq/hour
carbohydrate (with cardiac
metabolism - Severe renal monitoring).
impairment
2. Dilute in
- Severe compatible I.V.
hemolytic solution per
reactions manufacturer’s
instructions.
- Severe tissue Administer
trauma slowly to
reduce risk of
- Concurrent use fatal
of potassium hyperkalemia.
sparing
diuretics, 3. To ensure that
angiotensin- potassium is
enzyme well mixed in
converting (ACE) compatible
inhibitors, or salt solution, don’t
substitutes add potassium
containing to I.V. bottle in
potassium hanging
position.

4. Be aware that
maximum
infusion rate
without cardiac
monitoring is
20 mEq/hour.
Rates above 20
mEq/hour
require cardiac
monitoring.

5. Make sure
patient is well-
hydrated and
urinating
before starting
therapy.

6. If patient
complains of
burning with
I.V.
administration,
decrease flow
rate.
 DRUG NAME MECHANISM OF INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION SIDE EFFECTS AND NURSING
ACTION ADVERSE EFFECTS INTERVENTIONS
Generic Name: Carvedilol - Hypertension - Hypersensitivity Side Effects: 1. Watch for signs
Carvedilol ↓ to drug - dizziness and symptoms
Blocks stimulation of of
Drug Classification: cardiac beta1- - Pulmonary Adverse Effects: hypersensitivity
Beta-Blockers, Alpha adrenergic receptor edema - (-) reaction.
Activity; sites and pulmonary
Antihypertensive beta2-adrenergic - Bronchial 2. Assess baseline
receptor sites asthma, CBC and kidney
Available Dosage: ↓ bronchospasm and liver
25mg tab OD Intrinsic function test
sympathomimetic results.
activity
↓ 3. Monitor vital
↓ HR, myocardial signs (especially
excitability, ↓ CO, ↓ blood
renin release from pressure), ECG,
kidney and exercise
tolerance. Drug
may alter
cardiac output
and cause
ineffective
airway
clearance.

4. Weigh patient
daily and
measure fluid
intake and
output to
detect fluid
retention.
5. Measure blood
glucose
regularly if
patient has
diabetes
mellitus. Drug
may mask signs
and symptoms
of
hypoglycemia
 DRUG NAME MECHANISM OF INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION SIDE EFFECTS AND NURSING
ACTION ADVERSE EFFECTS INTERVENTIONS
Generic Name: Meropenem - Nosocomial - Hypersensitivity Side Effects: 1. Monitor VS
Meropenem ↓ pneumonia to drug, its - Headache
Penetrates gram- components, or - Dizziness 2. Assess
Drug Classification: negative and gram- other beta- laboratory
Carbapenem, Anti- positive bacteria lactams Adverse Effects: results
infective ↓ - (-) specifically
Inhibits bacterial cell- WBC
Available Dosage: wall synthesis
1g vial q8° ↓ 3. Provide safety
Bacterial cell death to avoid injury

4. Monitor patient
for
hypersensitivity
reaction or
anaphylaxis. If
either occurs,
stop infusion
immediately
and initiate
emergency
treatment.

5. Monitor for
CNS irritability
and seizures.
 DRUG NAME MECHANISM OF INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION SIDE EFFECTS AND NURSING
ACTION ADVERSE EFFECTS INTERVENTIONS
Generic Name: Budenoside - Treat Contraindicated Side Effects: 1. Monitor VS
Budenoside ↓ inflammation of in patients with: - fatigue specifically
Inhibits inflammatory the airway - untreated  - dry mouth RR
Drug cells and mediators tuberculosis
Classification: ↓ - inactive  Adverse Effects: 2. Encourage
Corticosteroids ↓ influx to nasal tuberculosis - (-) bed rest
passages or bronchial - herpes simplex
Available Dosage: wall infection of the 3. Encourage to
180 to 380mcg eye do breathing
Neb q12° - a herpes exercises
simplex (deep
infection breathing)
- an infection due
to a fungus 4. Assess for
- intestinal infecti breath
on caused by sounds
the roundworm
Strongyloides 5. Provide client
- a condition with safety to
low thyroid prevent
hormone levels injury
 DRUG NAME MECHANISM OF INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION SIDE EFFECTS AND NURSING
ACTION ADVERSE EFFECTS INTERVENTIONS
Generic Name: Nebivolol - Hypertension - Hypersensitivity Side Effects: 1. Monitor VS
Nebivolol ↓ to drug or its - Headache especially BP
suppressed renin components - Dizziness
Drug Classification: activity, vasodilation, 2. Assess liver and
Beta-adrenergic and ↓peripheral - Severe Adverse Effects: kidney function
blocker, Anti- vascular resistance bradycardia, - (-) tests and
hypertensives ↓ heart block electrolyte
↓ HR, reduced greater than levels
Available Dosage: myocardial first degree,
5mg tab OD contractility, ↓ tonic cardiogenic 3. Review all other
sympathetic outflow shock, significant and
to periphery from decompensated life-threatening
cerebrovasomotor cardiac failure, adverse
centers sick sinus reactions and
syndrome interactions,
(unless especially those
permanent related to the
pacemaker is in drugs, tests,
place) and foods

4. Be aware that
beta blockade
may further
depress
myocardial
contractility
and trigger
more severe
heart failure
 DRUG NAME MECHANISM OF INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION SIDE EFFECTS AND NURSING
ACTION ADVERSE EFFECTS INTERVENTIONS
Generic Name: Prednisone - Severe - Hypersensitivity Side Effects: 1. Monitor
Prednisone ↓ inflammation to drug, other - (-) weight, blood
Reversing increased corticosteroids, pressure, and
Drug cell capillary - Immunosuppression alcohol, bisulfite, Adverse Effects: electrolyte
Classification: permeability and or tartrazine - (-) levels.
Corticosteroid inhibiting migration (with some
of products) 2. Assess blood
Available Dosage: polymorphonuclear glucose level
20mg tab OD in leukocytes - Systemic fungal carefully in
AM ↓ infections diabetic
10mg tab OD in Reducing lymphatic patient.
PM activity - Live-virus
↓ vaccines (with 3. Monitor
Suppresses immune immunosuppress patient for
system ant doses) signs and
↓ symptoms of
↓ inflammation - Active untreated infection,
infections which drug
(except in may mask or
selected exacerbate
meningitis
patients) 4. Assess for
early
indications of
adrenal
insufficiency

5. Monitor
musculoskelet
al status for
joint, tendon,
and muscle
pain.