DELHI TECHNOLOGICAL

UNIVERSITY
Department of Electrical Engineering

POWER TRANSMISSION IN DELHI METRO

Submitted to: Professor Rachna Garg

Submitted by:
 Angad Singh Nagi (2K18/EE/026)
 Ayush Saun (2K18/EE/051)
 INDEX

1. INTRODUCTION 3-6
 Transmission Network of Delhi Transco Limited 3-4
 Power Arrangements of Delhi 4
 Power Generating Stations 4-5
 Power System Architecture 5

2. CASE STUDY

 Receiving Substation (RSS) 6-7

 Traction Substation (TSS) 8-9
 Auxiliary Main Substation (AMS) 9-10
 Interlocking 10-11
3. CONCLUSION 12
4. REFERENCE 12
 INTRODUCTION

HISTORY OF POWER TRANSMISSION IN DELHI METRO

Transmission Network of Delhi Transco Limited

Existing Transmission Network

The network of Delhi Transco Limited (DTL) comprises of a 400 kV ring like structure around the boundary
of Delhi linked with the 220 kV network roll out all over the city. There are 4, 400 kV, and 39, 200 kV
substations in Delhi. The transmission capacity of 400 kV substation is 5410 kV and 12820 kV for 200 kV
substation. The length of the 400 kV line is 249 km and the length of the 200 kV line is 622.43 km overhead
and 203.04 km underground

List of Substations

220 kV Substations 400 kV Substations

220 kV In 400 kV Gas

220 kV (AIS) 220 kV Gas Insulated 400 kV (AIS)
Progress Insulated (GIS)
Substations (GIS) Substations Substations
Substations Substations

DIAL, Electric Lane,

Narela, Rohini-I,
SGTN, Budhella Kashmere Gate, Lodhi Bawana Harsh Vihar
Najafgarh, Sarita Vihar
Road

Maharani Bagh, Park

Mehrauli, Vasant Kunj,
Street, Peeragarhi, RK Tikri Kalan (Mundka)
Pappankalan-I , Rajghat
Puram

Geeta Colony, Pragati, IP Preet Vihar, Ridge Valley,

Bamnauli
Estate, Gazipur Subzi Mandi, AIIMS

Rohini-II, Patparganj,
Wazirpur, Tughlaqabad
South of Wazirabad

Okhla, Naraina, DSIDC

Bawana, Gopalpur, BTPS

Pappankalan-II, Shalimar
Bagh, Kanjhwala, PPK-
III
Power Arrangements of Delhi

Delhi Transco Limited (DTL) had been arranging power from several sources for all the distribution licenses
since July 1st, 2002.For the Commonwealth Games, held in 2010, it had signed power purchase
agreement for over 9000 MW of power. This power arrangement continued till March 31st, 2007. From
April 1st, 2007 onwards all the distribution agencies were not deviating from purchasing power and all the
long and short term Power Purchase Agreements were transferred to the agencies by Delhi Electricity
Regulatory Commission (DERC) on the basis of their power consumption. Now, it is the duty of the
distribution companies to arrange power for their respective areas. However, a Power Procurement Group
has been organised to coordinate the procurement procedure and sale of electric power which is done by a
DTL Officer. Now, Delhi Transco Limited (DTL) is responsible solely for efficient power transmission.
Power Generating Stations
There are majorly four Power Generating Plants which supply power to the Delhi Metro:

Rajghat Power Gas Turbine Power Pragati Power

Station NTPC Badarpur
Station Station Station

Generation
State State State Central
Sector

330 MW 720 MW
Station Capacity 135 MW 270 MW
(Derated 705 MW)
(Total 994.5 MW)

Units Size 6x30 MW (GT) 2x104 MW (GT) 3X95 MW

2x67.5 MW
60 MW 3x30 MW (WHRU) 1x122 MW (WHRU) 2X210 MW

Unit I- 95 MW - July 1973

Unit II- 95 MW August 1974

Year of Unit III- 95 MW March 1975
1989-90 1986 & 1996 2002 -03
Commissioning Unit IV - 210 MW December
1978
Unit V - 210 MW - December
1981

Coal Fields/Gas NCL, BINA GAIL HBJ Pipeline GAIL HBJ Pipeline Jharia Coal Fields

Treated water from

Sen Nursing Home

Water Sources River Yamuna River Yamuna Agra Canal
and Delhi Gate
Sewage Treatment
Plants

Beneficiary Central & North NDMC,

NDMC-VVIP, DMRC Delhi
Areas Delhi South Delhi

Abbreviations: WHRU - Waste Heat Recovery Unit, GT - Gas Turbine

 POWER SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE

The entire power supply system architecture is designed in such a manner that in case of power failure from
one source, power can be fed from the other source.

SCHEMATIC ARRANGEMENT OF POWER SYSTEM IN DMRC:

The Internal Distribution System of Metro have their own internal HVAC cable distribution network –
generally at 220kV/132kV/66kV. The purpose of such cable distribution network is to feed all auxiliary
substations at each station as well as feed traction substations in case of dc traction system.

At the receiving end, there are three substations namely:

(i) Receiving Substation (RSS)

(ii) Traction Substation (TSS)

(iii) Auxiliary Main substation (AMS)

Voltage levels in DMRC:

For Receiving Substation (RSS): 220kV/132kV/66 kV AC

For Traction Substation (TSS): 25 kV AC

For Auxiliary Main Substation (AMS): 33 kV AC

For Metro Station utilisation: 415 V AC

 CASE STUDY
RECEIVING SUBSTATION (RSS)

Since RSS contains most of the major equipment of substation at the receiving end, the whole substation at
the receiving end is generally called Receiving Substation (RSS).

SINGLE LINE DIAGRAM FOR RSS WITH 220kV or 132kV or 66kV INPUT SUPPLY:

POWER SUPPLY CHARACTERISTICS:

220kV supply 132kV supply 66kV supply

Nominal Voltage 220kV 132kV 66kV

Maximum Voltage + 10%, -15% of rated + 10%, -15% of rated + 10%, -15% of rated
Variations value value value

Nominal Frequency 50 Hz 50 Hz 50 Hz

Maximum frequency + 3% + 3% + 3%
Variations

Short Circuit Current 40 A for 1 sec 22 A for 3 Sec 20 kA for 3 Sec.

Various equipment involved in RSS are given below:

1. Surge Arrester: Surge Arresters are used to protect outdoor electrical equipment
from over voltages caused by external disturbances due to lightning and internal
disturbances due to switching surges. Up to rated supply, it works as insulator with
very high resistance. In case of voltage rise due to lightning or any types of surge, it
works as conductor with low resistance.
2. Capacitive Voltage Transformer: It is used to measure incoming voltage. Each
incoming section and bus coupling section shall be equipped with voltage transformer
on each phase.

3. Current Transformer (CT): This equipment converts high incoming current to low
current signals for metering and protection purpose.

4. Isolators: Three pole isolator is designed for use in outdoor high voltage
substation

5. Post Insulators: These types of insulator are used in high voltage substation for
supporting bus bars.

6. Circuit Breaker: The circuit breaker is one of the most important units in the
electrical system. The protection, stability and continuity of the system depends
on the circuit breaker’s ability to the switch line and to interrupt fault currents.

7. Three Phase Auxiliary Transformer: The capacity of the Three phase auxiliary
transformer at 33kV is 220 / 33 kV, 132 / 33 kV, 66 / 33 kV.

8. Traction Transformer: The capacity of Traction transformer at 25kV is

220/25 kV, 132 / 25 kV, 66 / 25 kV.
 TRACTION SUBSTATION (TSS)

The TSS consist of feeders (generally four for mainline and one for depot traction supply) with adequate
switching, metering and protection arrangements. Traction substations (TSS) are used for changing electrical
power as supplied by the power utility into a more suitable form for providing power to a railway metro
system (via overhead line). Depending on the different types of railway metro system this power can either
be DC or AC. At each Receiving substation, 2 single-phase transformers are installed, out of which one is in
service and the another one is on 100% standby. These transformers step down the voltage to 27.5 kV for
feeding the traction overhead equipment. feeders carry 25 kV power from the sub-stations to feeding posts
which are located near the tracks.
Traction Substation Equipment

1. Isolator : Isolators are switches which are used to make or brake the circuit. In the
traction substation there are generally two types of isolators. At high voltages the use
double pole isolators and at the lower level of voltages they use single pole isolators.

2. Current Transformer : The outdoor type 25kV current transformer is basically used
in 132/ 25kV Railway traction sub-station for operation of protective devices. The
current transformer is most appropriate for outdoor use and performs effectively in
moist climate and in areas suffering from heavy rainfall, marine atmosphere and
pollution. Current Transformers are efficient in withstanding heavy vibrations with quickly changing time
periods in the range of 15ms to 70ms and with amplitude in the range of 30micron to 150micron and
instantaneous peak going up to 350 micron.

3. Potential Transformer : They are also known as Instrumental Transformer and offers
high accuracy. They are used to isolate or transform voltage or current levels. The most
common usage of Potential Transformer is metering from high voltage or high current
circuits and safely isolating secondary control circuity from the high currents or voltages.
The primary winding of the transformer is connected with the high current or high voltage
circuit, and the meter is connected to the secondary circuit.

4. CVT : The capacitive voltage transformer (CVT) are used for step-

down high voltage input signals and low voltage signals for measuring
purpose by measuring instrument. High insulated transformer is
required for measuring high voltage (above 100kV). They are quite
expensive as compared to the normal transformer. The capacitive
potential transformer is used in the system in order to reduce the cost, .
The CVT  is cheap, and its performance is not much minor to the highly
insulated transformer.

AUXILARY MAIN SUBSTATION (AMS)

It consists of two power transformers of 15/30/45 MVA capacity which transforms the incoming voltage
into 33 kV and distributes the supply through 33 KV duplicate cable feeders to metro stations and backup
supply for adjacent line. AMS Part of Substation is located in separate room adjacent to control room.
In electric power transmission and distribution, a bus bar is a metallic bar, typically inside the switch gear,
busway enclosures, and panel boards for local high current power distribution.

An Overview of Phase – I,II & III

Line RSS Voltage Level (kV)
 Kashmiri Gate 220
Line - 1 Rithala 66
Arthala 132
Jahangirpuri 220
New Delhi 66
Line - 2 Chattarpur 66
Sushant Lok 66
Dwarka 66
Subhash Nagar 66
Indraprashta 66
Line - 3 & 4 Botanical Garden 132
Noida Sector 62 132
Mundka 66
Line - 5 Bahadurgardh 132
Sarita Vihar 66
Old Faridabad 66
Line - 6 Kashmere Gate 220
Park Street 66
Mukundpur 66
Dhaula Kuan 66
INA 66
Line - 7 Vinod Nagar 66
Yamuna Vihar 66
Kalkaji 66
Line - 8 R.K. Puram 66
Palam 66
Park Street 66
Airport Line Airport RSS 66

INTERLOCKING SCHEMES FOR AUX & TRACTION POWER SUPPLY

Protection Interlocks
Interlocks are used for protection of personnel and equipment due to inadvertent operations. It is a feature
that makes two mechanisms or functions mutually dependent of each other. It is used to prevent useless
states in a finite-state machine.  In most systems, an interlock is used to prevent a machine from self
harming itself or operator by preventing one element from changing state due to another element, and vice
versa. Metros have an interlock system that put a stop to the moving metro from opening its doors, and
blocks the stationary metro with open doors from moving.

Types of Interlocks
1. Manual Interlocks
For example, Physical padlocks, although they have very limited usage in real life.

2. Mechanical Interlocks
Mechanical key interlocks is designed in such a manner to avoid mal operation at the point of manual
application. The program is to put a stop to captive key in order to prevent tripping or opening of the device.
Interlocks can be strictly mechanical, as in one case of internal firearm safety, that stops movement of the
trigger, sear or firing pin unless the breech is properly sealed & locked. In the operation of a devices like a
press or cutter that is hand controlled or the work piece, the use of two buttons to activate the device, one for
each hand, greatly decreases the probability of operation endangering the operator.

3. Electrical Interlocks
Electrical interlocks should be arranged in such a manner such that if the equipment is withdrawn, the entire
operation of the withdrawn equipment must be independent of the remote interlocking contacts. In addition,
interlocks must not be conquer in order to prevent damages or unsafe operations of Electrical Panels. Many
people use generators to supply power to a business or home in case main power has gone offline. In order
to safely transfer the power source back to main from a generator, a safety interlock is often used. The
interlock contains one or more switches that stop both generator power and main power from powering the
dwelling continuously. Without this protection, both power sources running at once will cause an overload
condition, or generator power back-feed onto the main can cause dangerous voltage to reach a lineman
repairing the main feed far outside the building.

4. Programmable Interlocks
This is the simplest way of programming even complex interlocks. Extension/Modifications are
simple. Knowledge level to program the interlocking system is little high.

Interlock Used in DMRC

Series Interlocks, Parallel Interlocks, combination of both can be used in realizing Interlocks. Before
closing/opening Isolators, CBs are to be opened. CBs cannot be closed if Earth switches are closed. CBs will
trip and will not allow further closing if the insulating SF6 gas is low from the predefined values. Earth
switches for adjacent stations mechanical locks 33KV/415V Transformer door interlock Mechanical /
electrical Paralleling of two incoming transformers are forbidden. If an upstream CB trips, the down stream
CB trips due to under voltage to prevent it not to charge the down stream CB when the power has resumed.
Locking facilities are used for switches and isolators so that they may be locked in the open position. Switch
gear cubicle access doors must be equipped with integral type locks, ideally integrated in the handles of the
equipment Where locking facilities are of the integral barrel type, the key for each lock must be unique to
the associated lock unless specified. Two keys shall be provided for each and every lock supplied. The keys
shall be fitted with rings with their own identification labels, and cabinets with their glazed front- opening
doors shall be provided. The cabinets must be adequate in size and equipped with hooks to house all keys
when not in use, and shall be mounted in positions to be decided.
 CONCLUSION

The Delhi Metro has basically planned 4 phases which is part of an Integrated Multi Mode Mass
Rapid Transport System also known as MRTS which is developed in order to deal with the fastest growing
passenger traffic demand in Delhi. It provides a different safe and comfortable mode of transport by metro
rail to a large population of passengers using the road transport in Delhi. It reduces the travel time of people
using the metro.
Metro rail systems are higher ranking to buses cause they provide much higher carrying capacity,
and they require only 1/5 th of the energy per passenger kilometer as compared to road-based systems, as
there is no air pollution, and it does not occupy road space if underground and only about 2 metre width of
the road if elevated. A metro system can carry the same amount of population as compared to 25 lanes of
private motor cars or 7 lanes of bus traffic and is more comfortable, reliable, safer than road systems and it
also reduce journey time by 50% to 75% depending on the road conditions.The Delhi Metro Rail
Corporation’s success is all because of innovative company structure, a unique work culture, and
organizational values reflected in a lean but effective organization, professional competence, punctuality,
and the sufficient delegation of powers.

REFERENCE

1. http://www.delhimetrorail.com/otherdocuments/SpecificationElectricall.pdf

2. http://delhigovt.nic.in/dmrc.asp

3. http://www.delhimetrorail.com

4. (2005a), Delhi Metro Rail Corporation, Environmental Impact Assessment for Phase IICorridors of Delhi
Metro.

5. Murty, M. N. and B. N. Goldar (2006), Economic Evaluation of Investment Projects, Reportof Project
Sponsored by Planning Commission, Government of India.