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    b2 Linkers of Reason and Purpose

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    YOLANDA GARCIA MORENO
    The document discusses various linkers used to connect clauses that express reasons, purposes, or results. It explains the subtle differences between linkers like "because", "as", and "since" when expressing reasons, as well as linkers like "owing to", "due to", "on account of", and "as a result of" when connecting a clause to a noun phrase. The document also covers linkers used to express purpose such as "in order to", "so as to", "in order that", and "so that". Finally, it discusses linkers like "consequently" and "as a result" that can be used to indicate the result of an earlier action.

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    b2 Linkers of Reason and Purpose

    Uploaded by

    YOLANDA GARCIA MORENO
    224 views2 pages
    The document discusses various linkers used to connect clauses that express reasons, purposes, or results. It explains the subtle differences between linkers like "because", "as", and "since" when expressing reasons, as well as linkers like "owing to", "due to", "on account of", and "as a result of" when connecting a clause to a noun phrase. The document also covers linkers used to express purpose such as "in order to", "so as to", "in order that", and "so that". Finally, it discusses linkers like "consequently" and "as a result" that can be used to indicate the result of an earlier action.

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    Linkers of Reason and Purpose

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    The document discusses various linkers used to connect clauses that express reasons, purposes, or results. It explains the subtle differences between linkers like "because", "as", and "since" when expressing reasons, as well as linkers like "owing to", "due to", "on account of", and "as a result of" when connecting a clause to a noun phrase. The document also covers linkers used to express purpose such as "in order to", "so as to", "in order that", and "so that". Finally, it discusses linkers like "consequently" and "as a result" that can be used to indicate the result of an earlier action.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    224 views2 pages

    b2 Linkers of Reason and Purpose

    Uploaded by

    YOLANDA GARCIA MORENO
    The document discusses various linkers used to connect clauses that express reasons, purposes, or results. It explains the subtle differences between linkers like "because", "as", and "since" when expressing reasons, as well as linkers like "owing to", "due to", "on account of", and "as a result of" when connecting a clause to a noun phrase. The document also covers linkers used to express purpose such as "in order to", "so as to", "in order that", and "so that". Finally, it discusses linkers like "consequently" and "as a result" that can be used to indicate the result of an earlier action.

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    B2 LINKERS OF REASON AND PURPOSE

    BECAUSE – AS – SINCE

    Clause Linker clause


    We stayed at home because it was raining.
    as
    since

    There is no difference in meaning between them but:

    - BECAUSE emphasizes a reason more strongly


    I’ll do it because I want to, not because I have to.

    - AS / SINCE assume that the reason is obvious


    As/ since everyone’s here, we can begin.

    When we answer with a clause of reason alone, we can only use because:
    “Why are you late?” “Because I missed the bus”

    BECAUSE OF – OWING TO….

    Clause Linker Noun phrase/ noun


    We stayed at home Because of (informal)
    Owing to (formal) it was raining.
    Due to the rain.
    On account of
    As a result of
    Thanks to

    DUE TO often (not always) comes after the verb BE


    - The crash was due to bad weather

    OWING TO: we cannot use it after BE.


    - The accident was owing to human errors
    - The accident was due to human errors

    ON ACCOUNT OF : often means “because of a problem or difficulty”


    - He can’t run very fast on account of his asthma

    AS A RESULT OF: often means “because something that has already happened”
    - As a result of the pilot’s strike, all flights have been cancelled.

    THANKS TO: usually explains why something good happened


    - Thanks to Ron and his car, we managed to get all the deliveries done on time.
    IN ORDER TO – SO AS TO

    Clause Linker Verb + complements


    We stayed at home To Avoid the coronavirus
    In order to (emphatic) Avoid getting infected
    So as to (emphatic)

    We can use the negative forms

    - They set off early in order not to miss their flight


    - They set off early so as not to miss their flight
    But
    - They set off early not to miss their flight

    IN ORDER THAT – SO (THAT) ….

    Clause Linker Clause with modal verb


    We stayed at home So We cannot get infected
    So that We are safer
    In order that

    CONSEQUENTLY – AS A RESULT…..

    To express the result of an action mentioned earlier. We can use it at the beginning of a clause or
    in the middle.

    - She couldn’t eat meat, so/ consequently/ as a result she just had vegetables.
    - Consequently/ as a result / because of that, we stayed at home.

    SO - SINCE

    Since it is his birthday on Monday, he’s having a party


    It’s his birthday on Monday, so he is having a party.

    HAPPY WRITING!

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