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    Matlab Program For Second Order FD Solution To Poisson's Equation

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    ugo
    The document describes a Matlab program that uses a second order finite difference method to solve Poisson's equation on a square domain with Dirichlet boundary conditions. The program takes in the functions that define the right hand side and boundary values, and outputs the numerical solution on a uniform grid. An example is also given that uses the program to solve the Poisson equation -∇^2u = -5π^2sin(πx)cos(2πy) on the domain (0,1)x(0,1) with boundary values u = sin(πx)cos(2πy). Plots of the numerical solution and error are generated to validate the method.

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    Matlab Program For Second Order FD Solution To Poisson's Equation

    Uploaded by

    ugo
    136 views3 pages
    The document describes a Matlab program that uses a second order finite difference method to solve Poisson's equation on a square domain with Dirichlet boundary conditions. The program takes in the functions that define the right hand side and boundary values, and outputs the numerical solution on a uniform grid. An example is also given that uses the program to solve the Poisson equation -∇^2u = -5π^2sin(πx)cos(2πy) on the domain (0,1)x(0,1) with boundary values u = sin(πx)cos(2πy). Plots of the numerical solution and error are generated to validate the method.

    Original Title

    FD2-Poisson

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    The document describes a Matlab program that uses a second order finite difference method to solve Poisson's equation on a square domain with Dirichlet boundary conditions. The program takes in the functions that define the right hand side and boundary values, and outputs the numerical solution on a uniform grid. An example is also given that uses the program to solve the Poisson equation -∇^2u = -5π^2sin(πx)cos(2πy) on the domain (0,1)x(0,1) with boundary values u = sin(πx)cos(2πy). Plots of the numerical solution and error are generated to validate the method.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    136 views3 pages

    Matlab Program For Second Order FD Solution To Poisson's Equation

    Uploaded by

    ugo
    The document describes a Matlab program that uses a second order finite difference method to solve Poisson's equation on a square domain with Dirichlet boundary conditions. The program takes in the functions that define the right hand side and boundary values, and outputs the numerical solution on a uniform grid. An example is also given that uses the program to solve the Poisson equation -∇^2u = -5π^2sin(πx)cos(2πy) on the domain (0,1)x(0,1) with boundary values u = sin(πx)cos(2πy). Plots of the numerical solution and error are generated to validate the method.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Matlab Program for Second Order FD

    Solution to Poisson’s Equation


    Code:
    0001 % Numerical approximation to Poisson’s equation over the square [a,b]x[a,b] with
    0002 % Dirichlet boundary conditions. Uses a uniform mesh with (n+2)x(n+2) total
    0003 % points (i.e, n interior grid points).
    0004 % Input:
    0005 % ffun : the RHS of poisson equation (i.e. the Laplacian of u).
    0006 % gfun : the boundary function representing the Dirichlet B.C.
    0007 % a,b : the interval defining the square
    0008 % m : m+2 is the number of points in either direction of the mesh.
    0009 % Ouput:
    0010 % u : the numerical solution of Poisson equation at the mesh points.
    0011 % x,y : the uniform mesh.
    0012 %
    0013 function [u,x,y] = fd2poisson(ffun,gfun,a,b,m)
    0014
    0015 h = (b-a)/(m+1); % Mesh spacing
    0016
    0017 [x,y] = meshgrid(a:h:b); % Uniform mesh, including boundary points.
    0018
    0019 idx = 2:m+1;
    0020 idy = 2:m+1;
    0021
    0022 % Compute boundary terms, south, north, east, west
    0023 ubs = feval(gfun,x(1,1:m+2),y(1,1:m+2)); % Include corners
    0024 ubn = feval(gfun,x(m+2,1:m+2),y(m+2,1:m+2)); % Include corners
    0025 ube = feval(gfun,x(idy,m+2),y(idy,m+2)); % No corners
    0026 ubw = feval(gfun,x(idy,1),y(idy,1)); % No corners
    0027
    0028 % Evaluate the RHS of Poisson’s equation at the interior points.
    0029 f = feval(ffun,x(idy,idx),y(idy,idx));
    0030
    0031 % Adjust f for boundary terms
    0032 f(:,1) = f(:,1) - ubw/h^2; % West
    0033 f(:,m) = f(:,m) - ube/h^2; % East
    0034 f(1,1:m) = f(1,1:m) - ubs(idx)/h^2; % South
    0035 f(m,1:m) = f(m,1:m) - ubn(idx)/h^2; % North
    0036
    0037 f = reshape(f,m*m,1);
    0038
    0039 % Create the D2x and D2y matrices
    0040
    0041 % Full matrix version. Can be made faster with Matlab’s sparse library.
    0042 z = [-2;1;zeros(m-2,1)];
    0043 D2x = 1/h^2*kron(toeplitz(z,z),eye(m));
    0044 D2y = 1/h^2*kron(eye(m),toeplitz(z,z));
    0045
    0046 % Solve the system
    0047 u = (D2x + D2y)\f;
    0048
    0049 % Convert u from a column vector to a matrix to make it easier to work with
    0050 % for plotting.
    0051 u = reshape(u,m,m);
    0052
    0053 % Append on to u the boundary values from the Dirichlet condition.
    0054 u = [ubs;[ubw,u,ube];ubn];
    0055
    0056 end
    Example:
    Use the above Matlab code to solve the Poisson problem

    ∇2 u(x, y) = −5π 2 sin(πx) cos(2πy) for (x, y) ∈ Ω = (0, 1) × (0, 1)


    u(x, y) = sin(πx) cos(2πy) for (x, y) ∈ ∂Ω

    0001 % Script for testing fd2poisson over the square [a,b]x[a,b]


    0002 a = 0;
    0003 b = 1;
    0004 k = 6;
    0005 m = 2^k-1; % Number of interior grid points in one direction
    0006
    0007 f = @(x,y) -5*pi^2*sin(pi*x).*cos(2*pi*y); % Laplacian(u) = f
    0008 g = @(x,y) sin(pi*x).*cos(2*pi*y); % u = g on Boundary
    0009 uexact = @(x,y) g(x,y); % Exact solution is g.
    0010
    0011 % Compute and time the solution
    0012 tic
    0013 [u,x,y] = fd2poisson(f,g,a,b,m);
    0014 gedirect = toc;
    0015
    0016 fprintf(’Direct Gaussian elimination take %d s\n’,gedirect);
    0017
    0018 %% Plot solution
    0019 figure, set(gcf,’DefaultAxesFontSize’,10,’PaperPosition’, [0 0 3.5 3.5]),
    0020 surf(x,y,u), xlabel(’x’), ylabel(’y’), zlabel(’u(x,y)’),
    0021 title(strcat(’Numerical Solution to Poisson Equation, h=’,num2str(h)));
    0022
    0023 % Plot error
    0024 figure, set(gcf,’DefaultAxesFontSize’,10,’PaperPosition’, [0 0 3.5 3.5]),
    0025 surf(x,y,u-uexact(x,y)),xlabel(’x’),ylabel(’y’), zlabel(’Error’),
    0026 title(strcat(’Error, h=’,num2str(h)));

    Numerical Solution to Poisson Equation, h=0.025

    0.5

    0
    u(x,y)

    −0.5

    −1

    −1.5
    1
    1
    0.5
    0.5

    y 0 0 x

    2
    Error, h=0.2 Error, h=0.1

    0 0.01

    0
    −0.05

    −0.01
    u(x,y)

    u(x,y)
    −0.1
    −0.02

    −0.15
    −0.03

    −0.2 −0.04
    1 1
    1 1
    0.5 0.5
    0.5 0.5

    y 0 0 x y 0 0 x
    Error, h=0.05 Error, h=0.025

    −3 −3
    x 10 x 10

    2 0.5

    0 0

    −2 −0.5
    u(x,y)

    Error

    −4 −1

    −6 −1.5

    −8 −2

    −10 −2.5
    1 1
    1 1
    0.5 0.5
    0.5 0.5

    y 0 0 x y 0 0 x

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