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Bed Form Solved Prblem by Liu Method

The document discusses sediment transport and bed forms in river channels using three examples. The first example analyzes bed forms using Liu, Simons-Richardson, and Van Rijn methods and finds ripples. The second examines bed forms and dimensions at a deeper flow and finds mega ripples and dunes. The third calculates flow properties using Engelund-Hansen, White et al, and Smith-McLean methods.

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143 views

Bed Form Solved Prblem by Liu Method

The document discusses sediment transport and bed forms in river channels using three examples. The first example analyzes bed forms using Liu, Simons-Richardson, and Van Rijn methods and finds ripples. The second examines bed forms and dimensions at a deeper flow and finds mega ripples and dunes. The third calculates flow properties using Engelund-Hansen, White et al, and Smith-McLean methods.

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Maulid
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1-A wide open channel has a water depth of h = 2 m, mean current velocity ū = 0.

6m/s the Chezy-coefficient is


C = 63 m1/2/s. The bed material characteristics are d50 =150μm, d90 = 300μm. Other data are: p = 1000
kg/m3, p, = 2650 kg/m3, v = 1*10-6 m2/s. What type of bed forms can be expected according to the methods of
Liu, Simons-Richardson and Van Rijn?
What are the dimensions of the ripples?

Liu method
ū = C√ (hI)
I = ū2/C2*h
= 0.62/632*2
= 4.5*10-5
u*,c = √(ghI)
=√(9.81*2*4.5*10-5)
= 0.03m/s
ws = (s-1)gd2/18v
= (2.65-1)*9.81*(150*10-6)2/(18*1*10-6)
=0.020
u*,c/ws = 0.03/0.02
= 1.5
u*,c*d50/v = 0.03*150*10-6/1*10-6
= 4.5
BF type = F(u*,c/ws , u*,c*d50/v)
= F(1.5,4.5) Ripples

Simons-Richardson method
τb,c = ρghI
= 1000*9.81*2*4.5*10-5
= 0.883
τb,c * ū = 0.883*0.6
=0.53
d50 = 150μm = 0.15mm
BF type = F(τb,c * ū,d50)
= F(0.53,0.15)
Ripples
Van Rijn method
Ċ = 18log (12h/3d90)
=18*log (12*2/(3*300*10-6)
= 79.67m1/2/s
τ-b,c = ρg(ū/ Ċ)2
= 1000*9.81*(0.6/79.67)2
= 0.56
τb,cr =0.17 N/m2 (from shield’s curve)
T = (τ-b,c - τb,cr)/τb,cr
= (0.56-0.17)/0.17
= 2.3
D* = d50((s-1)g/v2)1/3
= 150*10-6((2.65-1)9.81/10-12)1/3
= 3.8
BF type = F(T, D*)
= F(2.3,3.8)
Mini ripples

Ripple dimensions
Δr = 50 to 200d50
= 0.0075 to 0.03m
λr = 500 to 1000d50
= 0.075 to 0.15m
2-A wide channel has a water depth h = 3 m. The depth-averaged flow velocity is
ū =1m/s. The bed material characteristics are d50 = 300 μm, d90 = 500 μm. The fluid density is ρ = 1000
kg/m3, the sediment density is ρs = 2650 kg/m3. The kinematic viscosity is ν = 1*10-6m2/s.
What types of bed forms are present?
What are the bed form dimensions?
What is the effective bed roughness?
Ċ = 18log (12h/3d90)
=18*log (12*3/(3*500*10-6)
= 78.84m1/2/s
τ-b,c = ρg(ū/ Ċ)2
= 1000*9.81*(1/78.84)2
= 1.58 N/m2
T = (τ-b,c - τb,cr)/τb,cr
= (1.58-0.18)/0.18
= 7.78
D* = d50 ((s-1)g/v2)1/3
= 300*10-6((2.65-1)9.81/10-12)1/3
=7.6
BF type = F (T, D*)
= F (7.78, 7.6)
Mega ripples and dunes
The bed form dimensions are
Δr = 0.02h (1-e-0.1T) (10-T)
= 0.02*3(1-e-0.778)(10-7.78)
= 0.08m
λr = 0.5h
= 0.5*3
=1.5m
Δd = 0.11h (d50/h) 0.3(1-e-0.5T) (25-T)
=0.11*3(300*10-6/3)0.3(1-e-3.89) (25-7.78)
= 0.35m
λd = 7.3h
7.3*3 = 21.9m

Ks,c = K’s,c + K’’s,r +K’’s,d


=3d90 + 20γr Δr(Δr/ λr) +1.1γd Δd(1-e-25 Δd/ λd)
=3*500*10-6 + 20*0.7*0.08(0.08/1.5) + 1.1*0.7*0.35(1-e-25*0.35/21.9)
=0.15m
3-A wide channel has a water depth of h = 2 m. The water surface slope is I = 2 *10-4.
The bed material characteristics are d35 = 400μm, d50 = 500 μm, d90 = 1000 μm.
Other parameters are ρ = 1000 kg/m3, ρs= 2650 kg/m3, v = 1 *10-6m2/s.
What is the Chezy- coefficient and the Depth average velocity according the methods of Engelund-Hansen, White
et a1 and Smith-McLean?
Engelund Hansen method
U*,c = √(ghI)
=√ (9.81*2*2*10-4)
= 0.063m/s
Ө = (U*,c)2/(s-1)gd50
= 0.0632/ (1.65-1)9.81*500*10-6
= 0.48
Ө’ = 0.06+0.4 Ө2
= 0.06+0.4*0.482
= 0.15
h’ = (Ө’/ Ө)*h
= (0.15/0.48)*2
= 0.63
C = 2.5g0.5 (h’/h) 0.5 ln (12h’/2.5d50)
= 2.5*9.810.5(0.63/2)0.5ln (12*0.63/2.5*500*10-6)
= 38.49m1/2/s
ū = C (hI) 0.5
= 38.49(2*2*10-4)0.5
=0.77m/s
White et al method
D* = d35 ((s-1) g/v2)1/3
= 400*10-6((2.65-1)9.81/10-12)1/3
=10.12
n = 1-0.56log (D*)
= 1-0.56log (10.12)
= 0.44
Ycr = 0.23/ (D*) 0.5 + 0.14
= 0.23/ (10.12)0.5 + 0.14
= 0.21
P = (log D*) 1.7
= (log 10.12)1.7
= 1.01
u*,c = ghI
= √ (9.81*2*2*10-4)
= 0.063m/s
Yfg = u*,c/((s-1)gd35)0.5
= 0.063/((2.65-1)9.81*400*10-6)0.5
= 0.78
Ygr - Ycr/ ( Yfg - Ycr) = 1-0.76(1-e-p)
Ygr – 0.21/ (0.78 – 0.21) = 1-0.76(1-e-1.01)
Ygr = 0.505
Compute ū from
Ygr = [(u*,c)n / ((s-1)gd35)0.5] [ū /5.66log(10h/d35 )]1-n
0.505 = [(0.063)0.44 / ((2.65-1)9.81*400*10-6)0.5] [ū /5.66log (10*2/400*10-6)] 1-0.44
ū = 0.79m/s
C = g0.5 ū / u*,c
= 9.810.5 *0.77 / 0.063
= 39.3m1/2/s

Smith Mc Lean method


Ө = u*,c2/((s-1)gd50)
Ө = 0.0632/((2.65-1)9.81*500*10-6)
=0.49
Өcr = τb,cr / ((ρs – ρ)gd50)
τb,cr = 0.28 (from shields curve)
Өcr = 0.28 / ((2650 – 1000)9.81*500*10-6)
= 0.035
Ks,c = d50 (1+700(Ө - Өcr)
= 500*10-6(1+700(0.49 – 0.035)
=0.16m
C = 18 log (12h /Ks,c)
= 18 log (12*2 /0.16)
= 39.2m1/2/s
ū = C (hI) 0.5
=39.2(2*2*10-4)0.5
= 0.78m/s
ARBAMINCH UNIVERSITY

SCHOOL OF GRATUATE STUDIES

DEPARTMENT OF IRRIGATION ENGINEERING

Sediment transport and river engineering (IE 614)

ASSIGNMENT TWO

GEBREMESKEL TEKLAY………………….ID NO RMSc./044/02

Dec, 2009

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