1.

Describe the US *
- The United States of America is known as United State (US) or America. It consist of 50 states,
a federal district, five major self-governing territories and various possessions. The capital is
Washington D.C and the most populous city is New York City. The Eagle is the symbol of the
US. There are 50 stars and 13 stripes in the flag of the US. It stand for 50 states and the first 13
states of the nation’s fouding. The 2 main mountains are the Appalachian Mountains and the
Rocky Mountains. The longest river in the US is the Mississippi and the major rivers in the
western part of the US are Colorado and the Rio Grande. The Great Lakes on the northern
border of the country are Lake Superior, Lake Michigan, Lake Huron, Lake Erie, and Lake
Ontario.
2. The characteristics of modern Americans
- The US has the third-largest population in the world. The most distinctive characteristic of the
US is its people. They are really friendly. They smile a lot and talk easily to strangers, sharing
personal stories. They are hard-working, honest. They follow the rule of law. American are
extremely independent, individualistic and like to be different from each other. They don’t have
deep friendship. Once they get what they want, they abandon you for the next big thing. They
do it unconciously without emotion attchment because they were raised that way. Moreover,
they are always punctual. Time is money so they never be late for important things.
 Vietnamese people are very friendly and hospitable. They welcome to strangers or guest. They
will be willing to help if someone need.
3. Why do people immigrate to America? *
- Most of people migrate for economic reasons. People think about emigrating from place that
have few job opportunities, and they immigrate to places where jobs seem to be available.
Political conditions can also operate as pull factors. People may be attracted to democratic
countries that encourage individual choice in education, career, and place of residence. People
also migrate for environmental reasons, pulled toward physically attractive regions and pushed
from hazardous ones. In an age of improved communications and transportation systems,
people can live in environmentally attractive areas that are relatively remote and still not feel
too isolated from employment, shopping, and entertainment opportunities. High education is
one of the top reasons people immigrate, especially the younger ones are to pursue higher
education in a field that can be not available in their country, or better universities are available
abroad. Once you move to study many times, they enjoy better their new place and extend their
stay indefinitely.
4. Some differences in Am. English and Brit. English
- There are some minor differences between Am. English and Brit. English:
+ Stress and pronunciation :
Brit. E and Am. E
Car ka: ka:r
Bear beah bear
Start sta:t sta:rt
 Newyork nju: jo:k nu: jo:rk
Bare beơ ber

+ Vocabulary :
Brit. E and Am. E
Trousers and pants
Holiday and vacation
Football and soccer
University and college
Flat and apartment

+ Spell :
Brit. E and Am. E
Organise organize
Colour color
Enrol enroll
Defence defense
Metre meter

+ Grammar :
Brit. E and Am. E
To Jane with Jane
Monday to Sunday Monday through Sunday
At the weekend On the Weekend
Spill-spilt-spilt spill-spilled-spilled
Dive-dived-dived dive-dove-dived
 Although there are some differences between British English and American
English, they are rarely misunderstading. British English and American English
voice almost not much different. In other words, whether the pronunciation is in an
American or English accent, the readers themselves understand what they say.
5. 3 branches of Government.
- There are 3 branches of Government : the legislative, the executive, and the juducial. Each
branch has different functions and power under principle of separation of power.
+ The legislative branch is called Congress. It is the responsibility of Congress to propose and
pass law. Congress can refuse to approve Presidential appointments and can override a
Presidential veto.
+ The executive branch is the responsibitily of executive to enforce laws. The President belongs
to the executive branch.
+ The juducial branch explains anh interprets laws makes decisions in lawsuit. It has power
over the other 2 branches because it can declare their law and actions unconstitutional.
 In the system of check and balances, each branch has some control over the other 2 branches.
6. The President of the US
- To qualify to serve, the President must be a born US citizen and at least thirty-five years old.
He/she must have live in the US for at least fourteen years. The President travels a lot, but he or
she lives and work at the White House in Washington. The President’s term of office is four
years, and no President may serve for than 2 term in a row. If the President dies, these officials
take over the position in this order : The Vice President, the Speaker of the House of
Representatives, the President pro tempore of Senate, the Secretary of State, the other twelve
members of Cabinet. If the President sign the bll, it becomes law and if the President vetoes the
bill, Congress can overrides the veto, and it becomes the law anyway.

7. Compare and contrast schools in the US and VN

United State Vietnam
- Most students go to school at 5 - Students go to school at 7 years old.
years old, some go to school at 7 - 2 types of schools : public schools
years old. and private schools.
- 2 type of schools : public schools - The academic year will start in late
and private schools. August or early September to the
- The academic year will start in end of May next year.
September to June next year. - Primary school : Students study 2
- Elementary : Students study 3 main main subjects : Vietnamese and
subjects: read, write and arithmetic. arithmetic.
- School level: 3 levels : - School level: 3 levels:
+ Elementary : Grade: 1-6, age: 5- + Primary school: grade: 1-5, age:
12 6-11
+ Junior high school: Grade: 7-8, + Secondary school: grade: 6-9,
age: 13-14 age: 11-15
+ High school: grade: 9-12, age: 14- + High school: grade: 10-12, age :
18 15-18
 American high school students who want to study at a college or university have to take a
standardized test, eg the SAT, the ACT. Overseas students must also take the TOEFL.
8. Types of family in the US
There are 7 types of family in the US :
- Nuclear family : a family consisting of 2 parents and their children, but not including aunts,
uncles, grandparents, ect.
+ Advantages : Financially stable, both parents usually work now,Children raised in a stable
parenting situation, Consistency, Emphasis on health and education, Focus on communication.
+ Disadvantages : Exclusion of extended family can lead to isolation and stress, Can struggle
with conflict resolution,Nuclear families can become too child-focused, resulting in self-
centered children and families neglecting other important things
- Extended family : are families with two or more adults who are related through blood or
marriage, usually along with children.
+ Advantages : Things like respect and care for the elderly are important, More family around
to help with chores, child care, in case of emergencies, etc, Social support.
+ Disadvantages : Financial issues can occur if parents are supporting several other adults and
children without any extra income, Lack of privacy depending on the living environment.
- Children family : are families with two parents who cannot have or don't want kids.
+ Advantages : Typically have more disposable income, No dependents to take care of, Have
more freedom to travel, go on adventures, pursue different careers or education, Couples get to
spend more time together.
+ Disadvantages : Couples can feel isolated or left out when all their friends/family start having
kids, If you like kids, you can feel like something is missing, Infertility can force a family to be
childless, which can be hard for couples
- Grandparent family : A grandparent family is when one or more grandparent is raising their
grandchild or grandchildren.
+ Advantages : Grandparents and grandchildren form a close bond, Keeps children from ending
up in foster homes or other situations.
+ Disadvantages : Grandparents may not work or have full-time jobs, may struggle with
income, Depending on their health, it may be difficult for them to keep up with young children
or discipline them as they get older.
- Single-parent family : Single parent families consist of one parent with one or more kids.
+ Advantages : Family members can become very close, Learn to share household duties,
Children and parents can become very resilient.
+ Disadvantages : Families struggle to get by on one income; some are on social assistance, It
can be difficult for parents to work full-time and still afford quality childcare, Parenting can be
inconsistent, especially if kids go back and forth between parents.
- Step family : A stepfamily is when two separate families merge into one. This can go several
different ways, like two divorced parents with one or more children blending families, or one
divorced parent with kids marrying someone who has never been married and has no kids.
+ Advantages : Children get the benefit of having two parents around, Children and their new
siblings or step-parents can form strong bonds, Benefit of having two incomes compared to
single parent families.
+ Disadvangtes : Adjustment can be difficult for parents and children, Parents can run into
problems trying to discipline each other's kids, May lack discipline or be inconsistent.
- Same-sex family : is a homosexual family. they can live with their children or not.
+ Advantages : understand the children most easily, Easily share everything with each other.
+ Disadvantages : difficult to avoid social prejudices, difficulty in faithfulness.
9. What do you know about media of the US?
- The US has the most highly-developed mass media in the world. There are 4 main mediums :
Televison, radio, newspaper, internet. Televison is America’s most popular. The 4 major
commercial Tv network are ABC, CBS, NBC and Fox. American radio broadcasts in two
 bands: FM and AM. National Public Radio is the nation's primary public radio network, but
most radio stations are commercial and profit-oriented. The US has only one national
newspaper, USA Today. There are 2 kind of newspaper : printed newspaper and electric
newspaper. Print newspapers are getting less and less, while electronic newspapers are
developing strongly. The internet is growing stronger. It is popular with everyone, especially
young people and social activists. People use the Internet for a variety of purposes such as
learning, information and entertainment.
 American attitude toward media : depend heavily on US media  State has income. Producer,
artists,etc rely on media to promote their products, bringing them closer to the public.
 Overseas people : Media in the US is also popular among foreigners, especially foreign
language students. They use to read news, learn vocabulary, refer to foreign news.
10. Holiday in the US ( Tự chọn 1 ngày để viết )
New Year's Day falls on January 1 and marks the start of a new year according to the Gregorian
calendar. It marks the end of New Year's Eve celebrations in the United States and gives many
Americans a chance to remember the previous year..New Year's Day is a public holiday. It is a
day off for the general population, and schools and most businesses are closed. The start of New
Year's Day, at midnight, is heralded by fireworks, parties and special events, which are often
televised. Very few people have to work on the day itself. Many people make New Year's
resolutions. These are usually promises to themselves that they will improve something in their
own lives. Common New Year's resolutions are to stop smoking or drinking alcohol, to lose
weight, exercise more or to live a healthier lifestyle.Government offices, organizations, schools
and many businesses are closed in the USA on New Year's Day. Public transit systems do not
run on their regular schedules. Where large public celebrations have been held, traffic may be
disrupted by the clean-up operation. In general, public life is completely closed down.
 Tết- Vietnamese New Year is the most important celebration in Vietnamese culture. Tết
celebrates the arrival of spring based on the Vietnamese calendar, which usually has the date
falling in January or February in the Gregorian calendar.Many customs are practiced during
Tết, such as visiting a person's house on the first day of the new year, ancestor worship, wishing
New Year's greetings, giving lucky money to children and elderly people, and opening a shop.
Tết is also an occasion for pilgrims and family reunions. They start forgetting about the troubles
of the past year and hope for a better upcoming year. They consider Tết to be the first day of
spring, and the festival is often called Hội xuân (spring festival).

11. Event : *
The American Civil War was fought between the northern and southern states from 1861 to
1865. There are 2 main causes of the war. The first was the issue of slavery: should Africans
who had been brought by force to the US be used as slaves. The second was the issue of state’
right: should the US federal government be more power than the government of individual
states. During the war, the differences between North and South had become even greater. The
North had become richer. In the South, cities had been destroyed and the economy ruined.
Finally, there were some effects of the Civil War. Differences between North and South are still
strong. The Civil War helped to end slavery, but long afterward Blacks were still being treated
badly, and race relations continue to be a problem. The war showed strong differences between
parts of the US.