https://nation.com.

pk/05-Nov-2018/newspaper-and-its-uses
https://www.masscommunicationtalk.com/what-are-different-types-of-print-media-which-
one-is-effective-most-in-pakistani-society.html
LITERATURE REVIEW:
Print media is one of the oldest and basic forms of mass communication. It
includes newspapers, weeklies, magazines, monthlies and other forms of printed journals.
Print media has the advantage of making a longer impact on the minds of the reader, with
more in-depth reporting and analysis.
Newspaper is a power house of information. It contains news from the world of politics. It
makes the general public aware about what ‘s going on around the world. Technically, a
newspaper is a periodical publication which is usually issued on daily or weekly basis. It
contains news, articles of opinion, features, advertisements and other information of public
interests. This is great source of information. In this age of television, newspaper is still one
of the most important modes of the media. Reading newspaper is a great habit. Being a
student, it not only improves your reading skills and efficiency but also keeps you aware of
the current affairs. There are many other benefits that one gets from reading newspapers, such
as improvement in vocabulary and reading efficiency. In newspaper, not only news but also
the entertainment columns like crosswords and puzzle various interesting articles, fun facts to
keep the reader involved. On other hand, newspaper also consists of a separate section
dealing with fashion trends, lifestyle, and life stories etc.
Newspaper is one of the most important and effective print media of mass communication. It
was first published in the Germany and later spread its root to the rest of the world. Its
valuable service to the community like information, education, entertainment, persuasion,
cultural transmission, record facility etc., have made it an evitable medium for contemporary
world. A newspaper provides the information and interpretation to people about various
events, issues and occurrences the world-wide. It also interprets and explain the matter which
will be otherwise difficult to understand for reader. Besides the reflection of public opinion, a
newspaper its reader to build opinion about various national and international issues, events
and policies through its editorials and opinion column.
A newspaper is great public educator. It discusses every topic ranging from news to literature,
supplies the reader up-to-date information about science and technology and also promotes
the civilization in the society. A newspaper also entertains its reader through special features,
stories of human interest, and cartoons. It contains news advertisements and articles on
various subjects. Newspapers play an important role in a democracy. They take the role of
spokesmen for people of all classes. They act as a bridge between the government and the
governed. Mainly, newspaper keeps up-to-date even the people of remote area.
https://www.pewresearch.org/internet/2011/09/26/part-3-the-role-of-newspapers/

The role of newspapers (26 sep 2011, PEW RESEARCH CENTER)

Among all adults, newspapers were cited as the most relied-upon source or tied for most
relied upon for crime, taxes, local government activities, schools, local politics, local jobs,
community/neighborhood events, arts events, zoning information, local social services, and
real estate/housing.
For all ages, the strength of newspapers comes from aggregating an audience by offering a
wide range of information, even if each subject or story has limited audience. That model
may be vital from a civic standpoint, but it is traditionally expensive and it is not clear what
the incentive is to replicate it if newspapers were to disappear. 

https://jogamayadevicollege.ac.in/uploads/1586841506.pdf

A Snapshot of Role of Newspapers in the Contemporary Newspeak: 1Dr. Malik Zahra

Khalid, 2Dr. Aaliya Ahmed (may 2014)
Newspapers are the main source of disseminating information. They play a key role as
agendasetters in modern society
A magnificent gift to the mankind and highly indispensable, press does a splendid job,
performs a crucial role as a communicator. Because of its importance and significance, it has
been highly acclaimed, admired and appreciated. And it won’t be unpalatable to say that what
air is to living beings, the Press is to society. In this apparently free press scenario the
question remains that what issues get prominence in the press and why are others relegated to
the back pages.
The Role of the Media and Communication
Amartya Sen
In the occupied Palestinian territory, an on-going Palestinian initiative aims to promote
gender equity through media capacity-building and outreach. The programme created
networks of local media professionals (male and female) in the different communities, trained
them to produce, print and broadcast programmes on women’s lives and issues, and fostered
relationships, collaboration and information-sharing between women leaders and media
professionals.

Function of Newspapers in Society: A Global Perspective (jan 2003) martin

The demise of the newspaper has long been predicted. Yet newspapers continue to
survive globally despite competition from radio, television, and now the Internet,
because they serve core social functions in successful cultures.
 newspapers are of such core value to a successful society that a timely and easily accessible
news product will succeed despite, or perhaps because of, changes in reading habits and
technology.
The American Media and the Palestine Problem
Journal of Palestine Studies, Vol. 5, No. 1/2 (Autumn, 1975 - Winter, 1976),
One news area where accusations of biased reportage are common is the Palestine problem
and Arab-Israeli conflict, as presented in the United States.
On behalf of the journal, Edmund Ghareeb, its former Assistant Editor, visited a number of
American journalists and editors dealing in some way with Middle East news, and took up
many of the specific points at issue with them. The journalists were: ABC's Peter Jennings;
Ronald Koven of the Washington Post; James McCartney of Knight Newspapers; Lee
Eggerstrom of Ridder Newspapers; and Marilyn Robinson of NBC. An abbreviated and
edited transcript of the interviews follows.]

https://www.poynter.org/newsletters/2021/proximity-and-possible-deception-complicate-
media-coverage-of-the-israel-palestine-conflict/

Media coverage of the Israel-Palestine conflict is complicated by closeness and possible

deception

By: Tom Jones
May 17, 2021

In his story for the Times, Halbfinger wrote, “But by Friday evening, several leading Israeli
news outlets were reporting that the incorrect announcement was no accident, but had
actually been part of an elaborate deception. The intent, the media reports said, was to dupe
Hamas fighters into thinking that an invasion had begun and to respond in ways that would
expose far greater numbers of them to what was being called a devastatingly lethal Israeli
attack.”

 Time columnist and The Dispatch senior editor David French noted that the laws of war are
clear: Whenever an army or military group takes over a building, it goes from being a civilian
facility to a military facility.
The New York Times David M. Halbfinger wrote, “Within hours, those reports were all
corrected: No invasion had taken place. Rather, ground troops had opened fire at targets in
Gaza from inside Israeli territory, while fighters and drones were continuing to attack from
the air. A top military spokesman took responsibility, blaming the fog of war.”

The Israeli-Palestinian Conflict in the British Press

Authors: Sanz Sabido, Ruth 2019
The Israeli-Palestinian Conflict in the British Press provides an extensive empirical analysis
of how the Israeli-Palestinian conflict has been constructed in British national newspapers
since 1948. It traces the evolution of representations of the conflict by placing them in a
historical context, with particular reference to Britain’s postcolonial relation to Palestine, and
by presenting an in-depth analysis of the evolution of press language, including the use of
terms such as ‘terrorism’ and ‘terrorist’ to classify agents of political violence.

https://theintercept.com/2019/01/12/israel-palestine-conflict-news-headlines/

U.S. NEWSPAPERS ARE MORE THAN TWICE AS LIKELY TO CITE ISRAELI

SOURCES IN HEADLINES THAN PALESTINIAN ONES
Murtaza Hussain

January 12 2019,
A T T HE HEI GHT  of the 2014 war between the Israeli military and Palestinian
factions in the Gaza Strip, the New York Times ran an article headlined, “Israel Says That
Hamas Uses Civilian Shields, Reviving Debate .” It was an apparent reference to the
hundreds of Palestinian civilians who had been killed in Israeli attacks by that point in the
war.
Headlines matter. As studies have repeatedly shown, when it comes to reaching the
general public, the words at the top of the page might be as important, if not more, than the
text of articles themselves — to the chagrin of many writers. 
The study, released this week, analyzed 50 years of news headlines on the Israel-Palestine
conflict from five major American publications — the Chicago Tribune, Los Angeles
Times, New York Times, Washington Post, and Wall Street Journal
 Headlines like the one from the 2014 New York Times story about civilian deaths in Gaza
— that used the term “Israel says” — were 2 1/2 times more likely to appear than
headlines citing Palestinian equivalents.
https://www.nytimes.com/2021/05/27/opinion/israel-palestinians-two-state-solution.html
By Tzipi Livni
 There Is a Solution to the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict

May 27, 2021

 The argument over historical narratives hasn’t changed. It won’t. Those on both sides that
insist on forcing their narrative on the other side, or turning the conflict into a religious war,
cannot make the compromises needed for peace. This is true also for those from the
international community supporting one side and denying the rights of the other. This is
destructive and only strengthens extremists
The cease-fire in Gaza provides a window of time we must use to change the long-term
reality. An essential decision is to return to the vision of two states for two people, to
strengthen the pragmatic forces and weaken the extremists and end the terror.
Palestinian-Arab Media Frames and Stereotypes of Israeli-Jews

By Katy Steele
ELON JOURNAL OF UNDERGRADUATE RESEARCH IN COMMUNICATIONS
2014, 
Media frames employed in online Palestinian news content, such as editorials, opinion pieces
and news analysis articles, were examined to draw connections between Arab stereotypes of
Israeli-Jews in the present literature and actual stereotypes in the present conflict. 
Massive amounts of literature on the Israeli-Palestinian conflict exist across a wide range of
disciplines, the representation of the “Other,” and media framing, this review focused on
these three areas that emerged repeatedly throughout the literature reviewed. An
understanding of the existing stereotypes held by Palestinian-Arabs, how and why these
stereotypes were formed, as well as how the media perpetuate these stereotypes, would
provide background, depth and greater understanding of a deeply rooted conflict.

This study sought to take the pulse on the modern-day Israeli-Palestinian conflict with hopes
of better understanding the Palestinians’ perception of Israeli-Jews and of Palestinian-Israeli
conflict at large. The author analyzed editorial, opinion and news analysis items on three
Arab-Palestinian news websites to see their portrayal of Israel and Israeli-Jews. The key
findings of this study include (1) the Israeli-Palestinian conflict is largely defined in terms of
land and territory; (2) violence attributed to the Israeli military generates a stereotype that
many Palestinians apply to all Israeli-Jews; and (3) stories seek to appeal to emotion and
evoke sympathy in order to legitimatize the Palestinians’ claim of true victimization.

When it comes to media

reporting on Israel-Palestine,
there is nowhere to hide
May 20, 2021 5.59am AEST
/Mohammed Saber

As lethal violence kills ordinary people in Gaza and Israel, news outlets
across the globe are constructing versions of events that will keep eyeballs
on their content.