SECTION 12 – SHIP IN OPERATION RENEWAL CRITERIA COMMON STRUCTURAL RULES FOR OIL TANKERS

1 ALLOWABLE THICKNESS DIMINUTION FOR HULL STRUCTURE

1.1 General

1.1.1 Applicability
1.1.1.1 The purpose of this Section is to provide criteria for the allowable thickness
diminution of the ships’ hull structure.
1.1.1.2 The criteria apply only to ships in operation that are designed and built in
accordance with these Rules.
1.1.1.3 Thickness measurements are to be used to assess the ships’ structure against the
specified renewal criteria.

1.1.2 Wastage allowance concept

1.1.2.1 Wastage allowance is comprised of two aspects; local wastage allowance and
overall hull girder wastage allowance. Local wastage allowance is defined in 1.4 and
the overall hull girder wastage allowance is defined in 1.5.
1.1.2.2 Assessment against both local and overall hull girder wastage criteria is required
during the operational life of the vessel.
1.1.2.3 Steel renewal is required if either the local or overall hull girder wastage allowance
is exceeded.
1.1.2.4 The newbuilding requirements within these Rules incorporate corrosion additions,
see Section 6/3, and consider all relevant loads and failure modes (e.g. yielding,
buckling, and fatigue). No further assessment of the scantlings against the
requirements within these Rules is required during the operational life of the ship
provided that the thickness of any structural member remains greater than the
renewal thickness specified herein.

1.1.3 Requirements for documentation

1.1.3.1 The plans to be supplied onboard the ship, see Section 3/2.2.3, are to include both the
as-built and renewal thickness as defined in 1.4.2. Any owner’s extra thickness is
also to be clearly indicated on the drawings.
1.1.3.2 The “as-built” Midship Section plan provided by the builder and carried on board
the ship is to include a table showing the minimum allowable hull girder sectional
properties, as defined in 1.5, for the mid-tank transverse section in all cargo tanks.

1.2 Assessment of Thickness Measurements

1.2.1 General
1.2.1.1 The minimum survey requirements for the maintenance of class of double hull oil
tankers are defined in IACS Unified Requirement Z10.4.
1.2.1.2 Thickness measurements are to be conducted in accordance with the requirements
of the individual Classification Society and IACS Unified Requirement Z10.4.

1.2.2 Assessment of local wastage

1.2.2.1 Thickness measurements are to be taken to confirm that the measured thickness is
not less than the renewal thickness for general corrosion and local pitting/edge
corrosion as defined in 1.4.2 and 1.6 respectively. See also 1.3.

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1.2.2.2 When a survey identifies that steel renewal is required or structural defects are
present which, in the opinion of the Surveyor, will impair the ships’ fitness for
continued service, remedial measures are to be implemented before the ship
continues in service.
1.2.2.3 Re-examination and additional thickness measurements at Annual and
Intermediate Surveys are required where the measured thickness, tm, is less than the
allowable thickness at annual survey, tannual, defined as:
t annual = t as −built − t own − t was mm

Where:
tas-.built as built thickness, in mm
twas wastage allowance, as defined in 1.4.2.2
town owner/builder specified additional wastage allowance, if
applicable, in mm

1.2.2.4 Where re-examination and additional thickness measurements are required by

1.2.2.3 then additional measurements are to be carried out in accordance with Table
12.1.1 to determine the full extent of the corrosion pattern.

Table 12.1.1
Additional Thickness Measurement in way of Structure Identified with tm < tannual
Structural Extent of measurement Pattern of measurement
member
Plating Suspect areas and adjacent plates 5 point pattern over 1m2

Stiffeners Suspect areas 3 measurements in line across web

3 measurements in line across flange

1.2.2.5 At each Special Survey, thickness measurements are to be taken in way of critical
areas, as considered necessary by the Surveyor. Critical areas are to include
locations throughout the ship with corrosion levels that are likely to contravene
1.2.2.3 and/or are considered prone to rapid wastage.

1.2.3 Assessment of overall hull girder wastage

1.2.3.1 The hull girder sectional properties of the ship are to be calculated for the cross-
sections as specified in IACS Unified Requirement Z10.4, based on the thicknesses
given by the thickness measurements, to confirm that the resulting hull girder
sectional properties are not less than the minimum allowable defined in 1.5.2. The
actual sectional properties calculated based on measured thicknesses and in
accordance with IACS Unified Requirement Z10.4, are to be submitted to the
Classification Society.

1.3 Categories of Corrosion

1.3.1 General corrosion

1.3.1.1 General corrosion is defined as areas where general uniform reduction of material
thickness is found over an extensive area.
1.3.1.2 Renewal criteria for general corrosion are given in 1.4.

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1.3.2 Pitting corrosion

1.3.2.1 Pitting corrosion is defined as scattered corrosion spots/areas with local material
reductions which are greater than the general corrosion in the surrounding area.
1.3.2.2 The pitting intensity is defined in Figure 12.1.1.
1.3.2.3 Renewal criteria for pitting corrosion are given in 1.6.2.

1.3.3 Edge corrosion

1.3.3.1 Edge corrosion is defined as local corrosion at the free edges of plates, stiffeners,
primary support members and around openings. An example of edge corrosion is
shown in Figure 12.1.2.
1.3.3.2 Renewal criteria for edge corrosion are given in 1.6.3.

1.3.4 Groove corrosion

1.3.4.1 Groove corrosion is typically local material loss adjacent to weld joints along
abutting stiffeners and at stiffener or plate butts or seams. An example of groove
corrosion is shown in Figure 12.1.3.
1.3.4.2 Renewal criteria for groove corrosion are given in 1.6.4.

Figure 12.1.1
Pitting Intensity Diagrams

5% Scattered

10% Scattered

20% Scattered

30% Scattered

50% Scattered

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Figure 12.1.2
Edge Corrosion
Attached plating Attached plating

hstf Flatbar
stiffener Inverted angle or
built-up stiffener

0.25hstf

0.25bstf

bstf

Figure 12.1.3
Groove Corrosion
Groove Groove
breadth breadth
Attached plating

Groove breadth Groove breadth

Flatbar stiffener

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1.4 Renewal Criteria of Local Structure for General Corrosion

1.4.1 Application
1.4.1.1 The renewal criteria in 1.4.2 generally apply to areas of structural members with
general corrosion.

1.4.2 Renewal criteria

1.4.2.1 Steel renewal is required if the measured thickness, ttm, is less than the renewal
thickness, tren, defined as:
t ren = t as −built − t was − t own − t corr − 2.5 mm

Where:
tas-.built as built thickness, in mm
twas wastage allowance, as defined in 1.4.2.2
town owner/builder specified additional wastage allowance, if
applicable, in mm
tcorr-2.5 0.5mm, wastage allowance in reserve for corrosion occurring
in the two and a half years between Intermediate and Special
surveys

1.4.2.2 The wastage allowance, twas, is given by:

t was = t was −1 + t was − 2 mm and rounded up to the nearest 0.5mm

Where:
twas total wastage allowance of the considered structural member,
in mm
twas-1 wastage allowance for side one of the structural member
considering the contents of the compartment to which it is
exposed, in mm, as given Table 12.1.2
twas-2 wastage allowance for side two of the structural member
considering the contents of the compartment to which it is
exposed, in mm, as given Table 12.1.2

1.4.2.3 In no case is the wastage allowance, twas, to be less than 1.5mm, except in way
of internals of dry spaces and pump room where 1.0mm is applicable.
1.4.2.4 Wastage allowances for compartments not listed in Table 12.1.2 will be
subject to special consideration.
1.4.2.5 Areas which need to be renewed based on the renewal criteria in 1.4.2.1 are, in
general, to be repaired with inserted material which is to have the same or greater
grade/strength as the original and to have a thickness, trepair, not less than:
t repair = t as −built − t own mm

Where:
tas-built as built thickness, in mm
town owner/builder specified additional wastage allowance, if
applicable, in mm

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Table 12.1.2
Local Wastage Allowance for One Side of Structural Elements
Ship in Operation
Component Wastage
Compartment Type Structural Member
Allowance, twas-1 or twas-2
(mm)
Within 3m below
Face plate of 2.0
top of tank (1)
PSM
Ballast water tank and chain Elsewhere 1.5
locker Within 3m below
1.7
Other members top of tank (1)
Elsewhere 1.2
Within 3m below
Face plate of 1.7
top of tank (1)
PSM
Elsewhere 1.4
Cargo oil tank (3) Inner-bottom plating/bottom of tank 2.1
Within 3m below
1.7
Other members top of tank (1)
Elsewhere 1.0
Weather deck plating 1.7
Exposed to atmosphere
Other members 1.0
Exposed to sea water Shell plating(2) 1.0
Top of tank and attached internal
Fuel and lube oil 1.0
stiffeners
tank (3),
Elsewhere 0.7
Top of tank and attached internal
1.0
Fresh water tank stiffeners
Elsewhere 0.7
Spaces not normally accessed, e.g. access
Void spaces only via bolted manhole openings, pipe 0.7
tunnels, etc.
Internals of deckhouses, machinery
Dry spaces spaces, pump room, store rooms, 0.5
steering gear space, etc.
Notes
1. Only applicable to cargo and ballast tanks with weather deck as the tank top.
2. 0.5mm to be added for side plating in the quay contact region as defined in Section 8/Figure 8.2.2.
3. 0.3mm to be added for tanks arranged with heating coils

1.5 Renewal Criteria of Hull Girder Sectional Properties for General Corrosion

1.5.1 General
1.5.1.1 The following actual hull girder sectional properties are required to be verified, see
1.5.2-3:
(a) vertical hull girder moment of inertia, about the horizontal axis, Iv
(b) hull girder section modulus about the horizontal axis - at deck-at-side, Zv- dk
(c) hull girder section modulus about the horizontal axis - at keel, Zv- kl
(d) hull girder section modulus about the vertical axis - at side, Zh- side
(e) hull girder vertical shear area, Av- shr

1.5.2 Renewal criteria

1.5.2.1 Steel renewal is required if the actual hull girder sectional properties, Iv-tm, Zv-tm-dk,
Zv-tm-kl, Zh-tm-side, Av-tm-shr, calculated using the actual thickness measurements are less
than the minimum allowable hull girder sectional properties defined in accordance
with 1.5.3.

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1.5.2.2 The actual hull girder sectional properties listed in 1.5.2.1 are to be calculated in
accordance with Section 4/2.6, using the measured thicknesses.
1.5.2.3 If steel renewal is required due to reduced hull girder sectional properties this is to
be done by replacing local corroded structural elements. Any combination of
structural elements may be replaced provided that the resulting hull girder
sectional properties satisfy 1.5.2.1. Local structural elements being renewed are to be
replaced in accordance with the requirements of 1.4.2.3.

1.5.3 Calculation of the minimum allowable hull girder sectional properties

1.5.3.1 The minimum allowable hull girder sectional properties listed in 1.5.1.1 are to be
calculated in accordance with Section 4/2.6, using the thicknesses defined in 1.5.3.2.
1.5.3.2 The minimum allowable hull girder sectional properties in the corroded condition
are calculated using the same corrosion thickness reductions that are used during
the newbuilding stage, thus linking the newbuilding and ship in operation criteria.
Therefore the calculation of the minimum allowable hull girder sectional properties
is to be based on a member thickness, t, given by:
t = t as−built − 0.5t corr − t own mm
Where:
tas-built as built thickness, in mm
tcorr corrosion addition, as defined in Section 6/3.2
town owner/builder specified additional wastage allowance, if
applicable, in mm

1.6 Allowable Material Diminution for Pitting, Grooving and Edge Corrosion

1.6.1 General
1.6.1.1 Steel renewal for pitting, grooving and edge corrosion is required if the measured
thickness is less than the criteria defined in 1.6.2, 1.6.3 and 1.6.4 respectively.

1.6.2 Pitting
1.6.2.1 For plates with pitting intensity less than 20%, see Figure 12.1.1, the measured
thickness, ttm, of any individual measurement is to meet the lesser of the following
criteria:
t tm ≥ 0.7 (t as −built − t own ) mm
ttm ≥ tren − 1 mm
Where:
tas-built as built thickness of the member, in mm
town owner/builder specified additional wastage allowance, if
applicable, in mm
tren renewal criteria for general corrosion as defined in 1.4.2.1

1.6.2.2 The average thickness across any cross section in the plating is not to be less than
the renewal criteria for general corrosion given in 1.4.2.1.

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1.6.3 Edge corrosion

1.6.3.1 Provided that the overall corroded height of the edge corrosion of the flange, or web
in the case of flat bar stiffeners, is less than 25%, see Figure 12.1.2, of the stiffener
flange breadth or web height, as applicable, the measured thickness, ttm, is to meet
the lesser of the following criteria:
t tm ≥ 0.7 (t as−built − t own ) mm
ttm ≥ tren − 1 mm
Where:
tas-built as built thickness of the member, in mm
town owner/builder specified additional wastage allowance, if
applicable, in mm
tren renewal criteria for general corrosion as defined in 1.4.2.1

1.6.3.2 The average measured thickness across the breadth or height of the stiffener is not
to be less than that defined in 1.4.2.
1.6.3.3 Plate edges at openings for manholes, lightening holes etc. may be below the
minimum thickness given in 1.4.2 provided that:
(a) the maximum extent of the reduced plate thickness, below the minimum given
in 1.4.2, from the opening edge is not more than 20% of the smallest dimension
of the opening and does not exceed 100mm
(b) rough or uneven edges may be cropped-back provided that the maximum
dimension of the opening is not increased by more than 10%.

1.6.4 Grooving
1.6.4.1 Where the groove breadth is a maximum of 15% of the web height, but not more
than 30mm, see Figure 12.1.3, the measured thickness, ttm, in the grooved area is to
meet the lesser of the following criteria:
t tm ≥ 0.75(t as −built − t own ) mm
ttm ≥ tren − 0.5 mm
but is not to be less than
ttm = 6 mm
Where:
tas-built as built thickness of the member, in mm
town owner/builder specified additional wastage allowance, if
applicable, in mm
tren renewal criteria for general corrosion as defined in 1.4.2.1

1.6.4.2 Members with areas of grooving greater than those in 1.6.4.1 are to be assessed
based on the criteria for general corrosion as defined in 1.4.2 using the average
measured thickness across the plating/stiffener.

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