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    Specialization/Generalization: Enhanced ERD

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    imran saeed
    The document discusses generalization and specialization in entity relationship diagrams. Generalization is finding a general entity class for specific classes that share common attributes, like bird being the generalization of sparrow, pigeon, and parrot. Specialization is finding specific entity classes under a general class, like passenger being specialized into economy passenger and business class passenger. Both generalization and specialization are reverse processes where the supertype contains shared attributes and a subtype discriminator, while subtypes contain individual attributes.

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    Specialization/Generalization: Enhanced ERD

    Uploaded by

    imran saeed
    39 views9 pages
    The document discusses generalization and specialization in entity relationship diagrams. Generalization is finding a general entity class for specific classes that share common attributes, like bird being the generalization of sparrow, pigeon, and parrot. Specialization is finding specific entity classes under a general class, like passenger being specialized into economy passenger and business class passenger. Both generalization and specialization are reverse processes where the supertype contains shared attributes and a subtype discriminator, while subtypes contain individual attributes.

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    Enhanced ERD-1

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    The document discusses generalization and specialization in entity relationship diagrams. Generalization is finding a general entity class for specific classes that share common attributes, like bird being the generalization of sparrow, pigeon, and parrot. Specialization is finding specific entity classes under a general class, like passenger being specialized into economy passenger and business class passenger. Both generalization and specialization are reverse processes where the supertype contains shared attributes and a subtype discriminator, while subtypes contain individual attributes.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    39 views9 pages

    Specialization/Generalization: Enhanced ERD

    Uploaded by

    imran saeed
    The document discusses generalization and specialization in entity relationship diagrams. Generalization is finding a general entity class for specific classes that share common attributes, like bird being the generalization of sparrow, pigeon, and parrot. Specialization is finding specific entity classes under a general class, like passenger being specialized into economy passenger and business class passenger. Both generalization and specialization are reverse processes where the supertype contains shared attributes and a subtype discriminator, while subtypes contain individual attributes.

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    You are on page 1of 9

    Specialization/Generalization

    Enhanced ERD
    Introduction to Database System (IDS)
    Muhammad Imran Saeed Qureshi,
    Assistant Professor,
    International Islamic University, Islamabad.
    Generalization

    • It is a process in which for some specific Entity Classes that have some
    common key attributes, WE TRY TO FIND OUT A GENERAL CLASS.

    (c) Muhammad Imran Saeed Qureshi (Youtube: Sir Imran Teaches) 2


    Generalization
    • More Examples
    • (Specific) SPARROW PIGEON PARROT
    • (General) BIRD

    • (Specific) UNDERGRAD STUDENT GRAD STUDENT


    • (General) STUDENT

    (c) Muhammad Imran Saeed Qureshi (Youtube: Sir Imran Teaches) 3


    Specialization

    • It is a Process in which for a general entity CLASS we try to find out specific
    Entity Classes that have some individual Attributes.
    • (General) PASSENGER

    (Specific) ECONOMY PASSENGER, BUSINESS CLASS PASSENGER

    (c) Muhammad Imran Saeed Qureshi (Youtube: Sir Imran Teaches) 4


    Specialization
    • More Examples
    • (General) BIRD

    (Specific) SPARROW PIGEON PARROT

    • (General) STUDENT

    (Specific) UNDERGRAD STUDENT GRAD STUDENT

    (c) Muhammad Imran Saeed Qureshi (Youtube: Sir Imran Teaches) 5


    Generalization/Specialization
    • Both are reverse to each other

    (c) Muhammad Imran Saeed Qureshi (Youtube: Sir Imran Teaches) 6


    Generalization/Specialization
    • Super Type and Sub Types

    (c) Muhammad Imran Saeed Qureshi (Youtube: Sir Imran Teaches) 7


    Generalization/Specialization
    • Super Type and Sub Types
    • Super Type contains the Primary Key, Common Attributes and Sub
    Type Discriminator
    • Sub Types contain the Primary Key and Individual Attributes
    • Sub Type Discriminator: It is an attribute that we add to Super type to
    differentiate between subtypes.

    (c) Muhammad Imran Saeed Qureshi (Youtube: Sir Imran Teaches) 8


    Sir Imran Teaches @ Youtube

    Thank you

    (c) Muhammad Imran Saeed Qureshi (Youtube: Sir Imran Teaches) 9

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