Overview Sistem Operasi
Overview Sistem Operasi
Operating Systems
Definition
¾ An Operating System, or
OS, is low-level software
that enables a user and
higher-level application
software to interact with a
computer’s hardware and
the data and other
programs stored on the
computer.
¾ An OS performs basic
tasks, such as recognizing
input from the keyboard,
sending output to the
display screen, keeping
track of files and directories
on the disk, and controlling
peripheral devices such as
printers.
Other Services
¾ Program Execution
OS provides an environment where the user can conveniently run
programs. The user does not have to worry about memory allocation
or CPU scheduling.
¾ I/O Operations
Each program requires input and produces output. The OS hides
some of the details of the underlying hardware for such I/O. All the
user sees is that the I/O has been performed, without those details.
¾ Communications
There are instances where processes need to communicate with
each other to exchange information. It may be between processes
running on the same computer or running on different computers.
The OS provides these services to application programs, making
inter-process communication possible, and relieving the user of
having to worry about how this accomplished.
Application programs and OS
¾ Microsoft Windows
¾ Mainframe
¾ DOS
¾ OS/2
¾ Linux
¾ Mac OS
¾ AmigaOS
Types Of OS
Evolution of Windows
Evolution of OS/2
Pengantar Sistem Operasi
• Sebuah program yang merupakan perantara
antara pengguna komputer dan hardware
komputer
• Komputer = tubuh, SO = roh
• SO digunakan dalam hal:
– Mengeksekusi program dan membantu
menyediakan lingkungan bagi program yang
mudah untuk berinteraksi dengan system resource
Tujuan OS
• Convenience : user merasakan
kemudahan dan kenyamanan dalam
penggunaan
• Efficiency : resources system harus dapat
di utilisasi semaksimal mungkin
• Robustness : kehandalan sistem proteksi
terhadap kesalahan dari user / sistem
• Evolution : memudahkan pengembangan,
mendukung sistem baru dan program
aplikasi yang berkembang
Layanan Sistem Operasi
• Menyediakan user interface
• Menyediakan program execution
• Menyediakan I/O operations
• Menyediakan file-system manipulation
• Menyediakan system communications / networking
• Mampu melakukan error detection
• Mampu melakukan resource Sharing
• Ada fasilitas security
• Fasilitas accounting system
Jenis Platform & OS
• Microcomputers: Unix, Windows, Linux
• Mainframe: IBM, Unix
• Supercomputer: IRIX, Linux
• Workstation, server: Linux, Windows
• Networking: Linux, Netware, Windows
• PDA: Blackberry, Linux, Palm, Windows Mobile
• Smarphone: Symbian, Linux, Windows Mobile,
Android, RIM
OS mobile
Komponen-komponen Sistem
Komputer
• Perangkat keras
• CPU, RAM, storage (harddisk, floppy disk, CDROM, dsb),
piranti I/O (printer, scanner, dsb)
• Operating System
• Mengontrol dan mengkoordinasikan penggunaan
hardware dari berbagai program aplikasi dan user
• Program-program aplikasi
• Pengaturan penggunaan system resources untuk
pemecahan problem kebutuhan user (kompiler, sistem
basis data, games, dan program-program untuk bisnis)
• User
• Orang, mesin, atau komputer lain
4 komponen sistem komputer
Process
• Process – program dalam mode eksekusi
– Eksekusi program harus pada suatu waktu yang sekuensial
Foreground vs Background Process
Threads
• Process vs Thread
• Process: suatu aplikasi yg running
• Thread: beberapa kegiatan dlm 1 proses
• Keuntungan:
– Responsiveness
– Resource Sharing
– Economy
– Utilization of Multi Processors Architectures
Single vs Multithread
Firefox vs Chrome
Firefox vs Chrome
Multiple process