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AFA 2 (Lesson 2)

This document provides an overview of fish culture and farming. It discusses the objectives and importance of fish culture. The key phases of fish culture are cultivation, propagation, and conservation. Fish culture can be classified based on factors like financial investment, purpose, water conditions, and fish species. Common fish pond compartments include nursery, rearing, breeding, and catching ponds. The document also identifies suitable fish species for pond culture and different fish culture methods and facilities.

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Alondra Jane
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1K views

AFA 2 (Lesson 2)

This document provides an overview of fish culture and farming. It discusses the objectives and importance of fish culture. The key phases of fish culture are cultivation, propagation, and conservation. Fish culture can be classified based on factors like financial investment, purpose, water conditions, and fish species. Common fish pond compartments include nursery, rearing, breeding, and catching ponds. The document also identifies suitable fish species for pond culture and different fish culture methods and facilities.

Uploaded by

Alondra Jane
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Lesson 2: Fish Culture

Objectives:

1. Explain the concepts and importance of fish culture


2. Describe the phase or aspects of fish culture
3. Classify fish culture
4. Enumerate the compartments of a fish pond and its functions
5. Identify the species of fish that are commonly cultured in ponds.

Pre-Assessment

Directions: Encircle the letter of your choice that best complete the thought of each
statement below.

1. The practice of raising a species of fish.


a. Fish pond c. fish culture
b. Fish pen d. all of the above
2. The rearing of fish under controlled or semi-controlled conditions.
a. Fish cultivation c. fish conservation
b. Fish propagation d. all of the above
3. Species of fish that feed on both plants and animals.
a. Carnivorous c. cannibalistic
b. Herbivorous d. omnivorous
4. The smallest and the cleanest compartment where fish are reared from fry up to pre-
fingerling size.
a. Nursery pond c. rearing pond
b. Transition pond d. breading pond
5. English name for bangus
a. Climbing perch c. goby
b. Cat fish d. Milk Fish

Know

Fish culture is one of the many programs and activities that had been done in
response of the problems regarding the shortage of the supply of fish in the country.
The increase in demand was brought about by the increasing population. Fish culture
then must be introduced to enhance awareness and adopt some of the technology and
its adoption as additional source of food income.

Phases or Aspects of Fish Culture

1. Fish Cultivation – the rearing of fish under controlled or semi- controlled


condition

.
2. Fish Propagation – the process of increasing fish life either by natural or
artificial means of reproduction.

3. Fish Conservation – the scientific means of utilizing fish and other fishery
aquatic products resources.

Classification of Fish Culture

1. According to extent of financial investment


a. Intensive – utilizes limited area with very high investment
b. Extensive – utilizes wide area with minimal capital and very low production
c. Semi-Intensive – employ some or the majority of the modern techniques of
production
2. According to purpose
a. For commerce or for business
b. For recreation or for enjoyment
c. For educational and cultural or scientific pursuit
d. For food production
3. According to design
a. Natural pond
b. Artificial pond
4. According to state of water
a. Still water
b. Running water
5. According to salinity
a. Fresh water
b. Brackish-water
c. Marine or saltwater
6. According to temperature
a. Warm water or hot water
b. Cold water
7. According to species raised
a. Fresh water species
b. Brackish – water species
c. Marine or saltwater species

Terminologies used in the study of Fish Culture

1. Endemic or Indigenous – native to the locally


2. Exotic or digenous – introduced by other countries
3. Habitat – the place where plants and animals grow and naturally live
4. Herbivorous – species of fish that feed on plants and vegetables only
5. Carnivorous – species of fish that feed on other animals
6. Omnivorous – species of fish that feed on both plants and animals
7. Tide – the periodic rise and fall of seawater
8. Milt – the male reproductive gland of fishes
9. pH – the hydrogen ion-concentration of water
10. photosynthesis – the process by which plants manufacture their food with
the aid of sunlight
11. Predators – species of fish feeding on other fishes specially the cultivable
ones
12. Prolific – the process of producing young in great numbers
13. Sabalo – the bangus breeder and spawner
14. Salinity – the degree of freshness and saltiness of water
15. Temperature – the degree of coldness and hotness of water
16. Competition – the rivalry for food, space and oxygen inside the fishpond
17. Cannibalistic – species of fish that feed on their own kind
18. Plankton – the biological association of minute plants and animals which are
found growing on the surface of the water.
19. Scavenger – species of fish that feed on decaying organic matter

Compartments of a Fishpond and Functions

1. Nursery pond – the smallest and the cleanest compartment where fish are
reared from fry up to pre – fingerling size.

2. Transition pond – a compartment where fish are reared from pre – fingerling
size to post fingerling size before stocking them in to other larger
compartments, it is also known as stunting pond.

3. Rearing pond – the largest compartment of a fishpond where fishes are


reared from post fingerling up to marketable size

4. Breeding pond – a compartment where spawners are confined and are used
purposely for the production of fry
5. Catching Pond – an area that serves as catchment basin for fish harvest

6. Head pond – an area that serves as water reservoir where water is stored
before going to other pond compartments

7. Water supply canal – canal used to supply water throughout the whole fish
pond system

Kinds of Dikes

1. Main dike- the largest of all dikes that surrounds the whole fishpond project

2. Secondary Dike – the dike that surrounds the biggest compartment

3. Tertiary dike – the dike that surrounds the smallest compartment


Natural Food of Fish in the pond
1. Plankton – small plants floating in water

2. Lab-lab – a twining leguminous plant

3. Algae – are a very large and diverse group of simple, typically autotrophic
organisms, ranging from unicellular to multicellular forms, such as the giant
kelps that grow to 65 meters in length.

Characteristics of Fish that are Suitable for Pond Culture


1. Fish should be palatable and good tasting – the fish must have a delicate
flavor.
2. Fish must be a fast grower – the fish must be able to grow rapidly or can give
a possibility of four or more harvests a year.
3. Fish should be resistant to pests, diseases and parasites – the fish should not
succumb to abrupt changes in temperature or salinity and can tolerate such
conditions in all its existence.
4. Fish should be a universal feeder – the culture fish require food which can be
grown easily and abundantly under favorable conditions.
5. Fish should have high market demand – the fish must command a high price
to be recovering the expenses incurred.
6. Fish should not be destructive in confinement either to its kind or to other
species or to its environment – the fish should be prolific which means that
reproduce very often to have to have a continuously supply of fry or stocks.
Methods of Fish Culture and Facilities

1. The dug- out method – is an excavation filled with water, these two common
types of fish pond construction are dug out excavated type and dug-out
concrete type. The floor is made of clay soil to stimulate the fish’s habitat. It is
provided with on inlet pipe and an outlet pipe. When harvest time comes the
pond is drained. The fish are removed using a net.

2. Fish cage – it is a framed net that is either fixed or mobile set in water and
surrounded with a bamboo raft and provided with an anchor at the bottom. It
is used for the culture of fish from fry to marketable size.

3. Fish pen – it is an enclosure of net or bamboo slats with sturdy posts staked
at the bamboo of water and used for the culture of fish from fry to marketable
size

Tank – it is structure made of brick tile or concrete used for the purpose of
culturing fish from fry, to marketable size. It can also be used as a breeding
tank, or as conditioning tank for breeders.

4. Raceway – an enclosure of concrete soil or added materials generally in the


shape of the canal through which constant water flows. Fish are raised in the
raceway at high density and their waste products are carried out by the water
passing through the areas.

5. Aquarium method is used for breeding ornamental fish. The aquarium


maybe a glass bowl or a concrete tank.
Activity 1

Directions: Research on the different species of fish that are commonly


cultured in ponds (Native or Indigenous, Exotic fishes and crustaceans). Write it
in column following the guides below.

I. Native or Indigenous

Local Name Illustration English Name Scientific Name

II. Introduced or Exotic Fish

Local Name Illustration English Name Scientific Name

III. Crustaceans

Local Name Illustration English Name Scientific Name


Activity 2

Research on the evolution of fish and answer the following questions.

1. How can you differentiate the various phases of fish culture?


2. Explain why there is a need for you to be acquainted with the different
terminologies to be used in fish culture.
3. How are the types of fish culture classified and why?

Understanding

Let us reflect and understand

Write your opinion and reflection. Would it like enough for you to decide
whether or not you will be a part of the fish industry to augment family income?

______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________

In this lesson, you were acquainted with some technical terms in the study
of fish culture. It is hoped that it create awareness, interest and enthusiasm that might
lead you to consider fish culture as a hobby or as a livelihood activity.

You are now ready to move on to the next phase of the lesson about fish capture.

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