ĐỀ LÊ QUÝ ĐÔN – ĐÀ NẴNG

A. MULTIPLE CHOICE
I. WORD CHOICE
1. A. Hot-blooded (a): having strong emotions & easily becoming very excited or
angry.
B. Single-minded (a): only thinking about one particular aim or goal
because you are determined to achieve something.
2. House S.O/Sth (v): to provide a place for a person or an animal to live / be
the place where something is kept or where something operates from.
 be housed in/ at something
5. Invaluable (information, advice....)
6. Molest (v): attack somebody, especially a child, sexually/ physically.
Exasperate SO (v): to annoy somebody very much.
Resent somebody doing something (v): to feel bitter or angry about
something, especially because you feel it is unfair.
Embitter somebody (v): to make somebody feel angry or disappointed about
something over a long period of time.
8. Enquire into (pv): to find out more information about something.
9. Shrink (something) (v): to become smaller, especially when washed in water
that is too hot; to make clothes, cloth, etc. smaller in this way.
II. GRAMMAR AND STRUCSTURES
1. All things considered: thinking carefully about all the facts, especially the
problems or difficulties, of a situation.
2. However + Adj + S + V
 However glamorous it may seem
3. Be in agreement with sth: to have the same opinion, or to have made the same
decision.
4. Lose your head: to become unable to act in a calm or sensible way.
5. … years running: successive (liên tiếp)
7. Shed (any) tears = be unhappy
9. Have second thoughts: to change your opinion about sth or start to doubt it.
10. (Have/ there be) no proof: no evidences.
III. PRESPOSITIONS AND PHRASAL VERBS

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1. (Sth) Catch up with (sb): if sth bad that you have done or that has been
happening to you catches up with you, it begins to cause problems for you.
Put on:
+ Put sth on: to appear to have a feeling or way of behaving that is not real or not
natural for you.
+ Put s.b on: deceive sb often in a joking way.
Come over – (as): seem to be
- to be influenced suddenly and unexpectedly by a strange feeling.
- to come to a place, move from one place to another, or move towards someone.
2. Press on = continue
Stuck at sth: to continue trying hard to do something difficult.
3. Peter out: gradually stop or disappear.
Fob off sth: to make someone buy or accept something that is not of a
good quality or not what they really wanted.
Clamp down: to take strong action to stop or limit a harmful or unwanted activity.
4. Bargain on: expect sth to happen.
5. Turn up: if a better situation or an opportunity to do something turns up, it
happens or becomes available unexpectedly or in a way that was not planned.
Stick up: to point up above the surface of something and not lie flat.
6. Anaesthtic: a substance that makes you unable to feel pain.
Wear off: If a feeling or the effect of sth wears off, it gradually disappears.
Drop off: start to sleep.
Turn out (happen):
+ to happen in a particular way or to have a particular result, especially an
unexpected one.
+ to be known or discovered finally and surprisingly.
+ to come, appear, or be present.
7. close on: almost; nearly.
Get up: to stand up.
Getting on for: almost.
8. Fall through: to fail to happen.
Fall away: If parts of something fall away, they break off and drop to the ground.
Drop away: to become weaker or less.
9. Bear out: to show that somebody is right or that something is true.

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Carry off: to succeed in doing something that most people would find difficult.
10. Do up: decorate, embellish.
Bring sth off = pull sth off: to succeed in doing sth difficult.
IV. COLLOCATIONS AND IDIOMS
1. On its last leg: in bad condition, soon unable to work.
2. [Utter devastation]
4. Loosely base on sth: develop in the way mostly different from the origin.
5. Pain in the neck: annoying
7. Ray of hope: tia hi vọng.
8. In the nick of time: at the last possible moment Ample time: enough or more
than enough.
10. Be over the moon: be very pleased.
V. READING COMPREHENSION
Integral: essential
Elegant: beautiful
Denote: develop
Intermitten = on-again-off-again: happen not regularly stop or start repeatedly
Tolls: fees
Feasibility: possibility
Warrant: guarantee
VI. GUIDED CLOZE TEST
grain [countable] (used especially in negative sentences): a very small amount.
 There isn't a grain of truth in those rumours.
beyond question: doubt or not being certain about something.
hit the roof (informal): to become very angry.
in due course: at the right time and not before.
each and every (used for emphasis): every single one.
B. WRITTEN TEST:
I. OPEN CLOZE TEST
go without saying: to be very obvious or easy to predict.
in between: in the space or period of time separating two or more points, objects,
etc. or two dates, events, etc.
posterity(uncountable): all the people who will live in the future.
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  Their music has been preserved for posterity.
II. WORD FORMS
1. Flaw: a fault, mistake, or weakness, especially one that happens while something
is being planned or made, or that causes something not to be perfect.
 Flawless (a)
 a flawless complexion/performance
2. defamation: the action of damaging the reputation of a person or group by saying
or writing bad things about them that are not true.
3. daybreak [uncountable]: the time of day when light first appears.
4. rarity [countable]: a person or thing that is unusual and is therefore often
valuable or interesting.
5. escapism: a way of avoiding an unpleasant or boring life, especially by thinking,
reading, etc. about more exciting but impossible activities.
6. outright (adj, adv): in a direct way and without trying to hide anything.
 Why don't you ask him outright if it's true?
7. Indestructible: impossible to destroy or break.
8. Electrify (v) [usually passive]: to make something work by using electricity; to
pass an electrical current through something (điện khí hóa)
 Electrification (n): the process of changing something so that it works by
electricity (sự điện khí hóa)
9. Undertake something: to make yourself responsible for sth and start doing it.
10. fruitful = productive: producing many useful results.
IV. SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION:
1. Spend a lot of money on Sth = Splash out on Sth
2. Come over (also come across)
a. to be understood.
b. to make a particular impression.
eg: He came over well in the interview.
3. There’s no telling
- used to say that it is impossible to know what happened or will happen.
 There's no telling how they'll react.
4. Be torn (between A and B)
- to be unable to decide or choose between two people, things or feelings.
 I was torn between my parents and my friend.
5. be/have nothing to do with somebody/something = Be irrelevant to.
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- to have no connection with somebody/something.
 Get out! It's nothing to do with you (= you have no right to know about it).
 That has nothing to do with what we're discussing.
6. (As) pleased/proud as Punch = over the moon: very pleased/proud; extremely
happy and excited.
 Now he’s passed his driving test, he’s as pleased as Punch.
7. put sb up: to provide someone with a place to stay temporarily.
8. In (the) light of something
 after considering something
 (informal) to be serious in your intentions
 He says he's going to make changes, and I think he means business.
In/with regard to = with respect to = when it comes to S.O/ Sth
 (formal) relating to/ in connection with somebody/something.
 a country’s laws in regard to human rights.
 The two groups were similar with respect to income and status.
9. At liberty to do something
 (formal) having the right or freedom to do something.
 You are at liberty to say what you like.
10. beside yourself (with something) / make a clean breast
to tell the truth about something so that you no longer feel guilty.
 He made a clean breast of everything and admitted taking the money.
ĐỀ LÊ QUÝ ĐÔN – KHÁNH HOÀ
I.WORD CHOICE.
1. A. exuberant (adj): phong phú, nhiều
e.g.: the vegetation on the island was exuberant.
B. chivalrous (adj): hào hiệp.
C. overcast (adj): mờ; u ám.
D. ingenious (adj): khéo léo; tài tình; mưu trí.
2. A. defy (v): bất chấp; thách thức; khinh thường.
e.g.: he became an outlaw by defying the law.
B. observe (v): tuân theo; theo dõi (sát sao).
C. stick to (v): bám sát.
D. abide by (v): tuân theo.
3. A. contagious (adj): truyền nhiễm, dễ lây lan.

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 e.g.: contagious disease.
contigious (adj): gần kề; tiếp giáp.
contingent (adj): ngẫu nhiên; bất ngờ; tình cờ
congenial (adj): giống nhau; tương đồng
4. A. prerogative (n): đặc quyền; quyền ưu tiên.
e.g.: the Prime Minister will decide whether to release the prisoner or not; that’s
his prerogative.
B. derogatory (v): xúc phạm; làm giảm giá trị, mất quyền lợi, địa vị.
C. abdication (n): sự thoái vị; nhường ngôi; sự từ bỏ.
5. A. cherish (v): nuôi hy vọng; yêu mến, trân quý.
e.g.: he cherishes the illusion that he will live to be a hundred.
6. A. adversity (n): vận đen (những điều không may); sự khó khăn.
e.g.: they continued fighting despite all the adversities they met with.
B. amenity (n): lễ nghi.
C. property (n): tài sản.
D. liability (n): trách nhiệm; bổn phận.
7. A. serene (adj): thanh bình; êm đềm.
e.g.: I’d love to live in these serene surroundings.
B. desolate (adj): hoang vắng.
C. bashful (adj): rụt rè, bẽn lẽn
D. gloomy (adj): u ám; tối tăm.
8. A. adroitly (adv): một cách khéo léo.
e.g.: the Secretary of State handled the matter adroitly and prevented a war.
B. intensely (adv): rất lớn.
C. abjectly (adv): một cách khốn khổ.
D. slightly (adv): mức độ không đáng kể.
9. A. deteriorate (v): làm hư, làm xấu đi; giảm giá trị; truỵ lạc.
e.g.: her condition seems to be deteriorating.
B. ameliorate (v): cải thiện.
C. amputate (v): cắt bỏ.
D. imitate (v): bắt chước, mô phỏng.
10. A. haphazard (adj): lộn xộn; lung tung.
e.g.: not only is little Johnny’s grammar incoherent and his spelling atrocious
but also his pronunciation haphazard.

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 B. slothful (adj): biếng nhác.
C. sluggish (adj): lười biếng, chậm chạp.
D. hazard (v): liều.
III. PREPOSITIONS AND PHRASAL VERBS.
1. A. mull over: to think carefully about something for a long time.
e.g.: I need to mull over your offer very carefully before I make a decision.
B. look over: to quickly examine sth.
C. see out: to wait or last until the end of a difficult event or situation.
D. figure out: to understand or solve something.
2. A. swot up on: study (a subject) intensively, esp in preparation for sth.
e.g.: there’s nothing to swot up on as it’s a general knowledge quiz.
B. come round: to change your opinion of something, often influenced by
another person's opinion.
face up to: to accept that a difficult situation exists.
come up with: to suggest or think of an idea or plan.
3. A. piece sth together: create something by joining the separate parts of it
together or by joining different things together.
e.g.: the account of their journey has been pieced together from personal letters
and diaries.
4. A. tell sth/sb apart: to be able to see the difference between two very similar
things or people.
e.g.: perhaps it is the almost universal use of flavorings that makes it so hard to
tell the products apart.
B. take apart sth: to separate the parts of sth so that they are not together.
C. come apart: to separate into several pieces.
D. fall apart: to break into pieces.
5. A. puzzle out: discover or understand sth by thinking hard about it.
e.g.: we finally puzzle out a way to get the band into the hotel without the press
knowing.
B. try out: to compete for a position on the team or a part in the play.
C. set out: to start an activity with a particular aim.
D. put out: to spend money.
6. A. wear off: gradually disappears.

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 e.g.: he has taken some painkillers but when the effects wear off, his leg will
hurt quite badly.
B. wear away: become thin and disappear after repeated use or rubbing, or to
cause something to become thin and disappear in this way.
C. wear down: make someone feel tired and less able to deal successfully with a
situation.
D. wear out: to use sth so much or for so long that it is no longer usable.
7. A. carry off: to succeed in doing or achieving something difficult.
e.g.: following years of intense training, the accomplished athlete carried off the
medal triumphantly.
B. take off: If an aircraft, bird, or insect takes off, it leaves the ground and
begins to fly.
C. go off: stop working.
D. run off: leave somewhere or someone suddenly.

8. A. tide sb over (sth): to help someone to work or operate normally through

a difficult period, usually by lending them money.
e.g.: could you lend me some money to tide me over to the end of the month?
9. A. go round: if there is enough of something to go round, there is enough
for everyone in a group of people.
e.g.: my parents had a lot of children, so sometimes there wasn’t enough food to
go round.
B. fall back on: to use something, especially a form of financial support, when
other things have failed.
D. give out: stop working.
10. A. let up: stop doing something that you have been doing continuously or
in a determined way.
e.g.: y=the noise from the unruly fans celebrating their team’s victory didn’t let
up until early in the morning.
B. shut off: stops operating.
C. give away: tell a secret or show feelings.
D. fall over: falls to the ground / falls onto itside.
IV. COLLOCATIONS AMD IDIOMS
1. A. In the dark: to not know about something that other people know about.
B. Under the shadow: to always receive less attention than s.o else.
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 C. Put/leave s.o in the shade: to be so good that another person or thing does not
seem important or worth very much.
D. Out of shape: not physically healthy enough for difficult exercise because
you have not been involved in physical activities.
2. A. Go to your head: to make that person think that they are very important and
makes them a less pleasant person.
B. Have your wits about you: to think and react quickly
when sth dangerous or difficult happens unexpectedly.
C. Have your head head in the clouds: to not know the facts of a situation.
D. Gather your wits: to make an effort to become calm and think more clearly.
3. A. To drive sb around the bend: to make sb very bored or very angry.
C. Easy on the ear: pleasant to look at/ listen to.
D. Quicker on the uptake: understand things easily/with difficult.
4. A. Split hairs: to argue about small details of sth.
5. A. Lost cause (n): s.o or sthg that has no chance of succeeding.
B. Basket case: someone who is extremely nervous or anxious and is
therefore unable to organize their life.
C. False dawn: something that seems to show that a successful period is
beginning or that a situation is improving when it is not.
D. Dark horse: a person who keeps their interests and ideas secret, especially
someone who has a surprising ability or skill.
6. A. Let the cat out of bag: to allow a secret to be known, usually without
intending to (để lộ bí mật).
B. Put the cat among the pigeons: to say or do something that causes trouble or
makes a lot of people very angry.
C. Have kittens: to be very worried, upset, or angry about something.
D. The rat race: a way of life in modern society, in which people compete
with each other for power and money.
7. A. Come a long way: to have advanced to an improved or more developed state.
B. Come under fire: to be criticized.
C. Come into bloom: to start to produce flowers.
D. Come to light: the facts become known publicly.
8. A. Paint the town red: to enjoy urself by going to places such as bars and
clubs.
B. Face the music: to accept criticism or punishment for sth you have done.
C. Read between the lines: to try to understand someone's real feelings or
intentions from what they say or write.
D. Steal the show: to be the most popular or the best part of an event or
situation.

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 9. A. At a loose end: to have nothing to do.
B. At a loss: not knowing what to do.
C. At a standstill: a condition in which all movement or activity has stopped
(bế tắc).
D. At odds (with s.o/ over sth): to disagree.
10. D. Be snowed under with sthg: to have so much work that you have
problems dealing with it all.
B. WRITTEN TEST
II. WORD FORMS
PART 1:
1. Deprecate (v): to not approve of something.
 Self-deprecating (adj): trying to make yourself, your abilities, or your
achievements seem less important.
2. Round
 Well-rounded (adj): involving or having experience in a wide range of ideas or
activities.
3. Social
 Dissociate (+from) (v): to consider as separate and not related (phân ra).
4. Similar
 Assimilated (v): to become part of a group, country, society, etc., or to make
someone or something become part of a group, country, society, etc.
5. Little
 Belittled (v): to make a person or an action seem as if he, she or it is not
important.
6. Flame: hot light or fire.
 Inflammation (n): a red, painful, and often swollen area in or on a part of your
body.
7. Finite (adj): having a limit or end.
 Infinitesimal (adj): extremely small.
8. Fact
 Artifact (n): an object, such as a tool, that was made in the past.
9. Infect (v): to pass a disease to a person, animal, or plant.
 Disinfectant (n): a substance that contains chemicals that kill bacteria and is used
especially for cleaning surfaces in toilets and kitchens.
10. Proof
 Proofreading (n): the process of finding and correcting mistakes in text before it
is printed or put online.
PART 2:

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1. Govern: to control and direct the public business of a country, city, group of
people, etc.
 Intergovernmental (adj): between two or more governments.
2. Praise (v)
 Reappraise (v): to examine and judge something or someone again.
3. Project
 Projection (n): a calculation or guess about the future based on information that
you have.
4. Voice
 Unequivocally (adv): in a way that is total, or expressed very clearly with no
doubt.
5. [Cattle] Cattle-raising
6. Pose (v): to cause something, especially a problem or difficulty.
 Decompose (v): to decay, or to cause something to decay.
7. [Live] Livelihood (n): the money people need to pay for food, a place to live,
clothing, etc.
8. [-nim] Unanimity (n): the state of being unanimous (nhất trí, đồng lòng).
9. Emit (v): to send out a beam, noise, smell, or gas.
 Emission (n): the act of sending out gas, heat, light, etc.
10. Firm (adj): not soft but not completely hard.
 Reaffirm (v): to give your support to a person, plan, idea, etc. for a second time;
to state something as true again.
IV. SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION
PART 1
1. No sooner + auxiliary + S + V + than + S + V: Vừa mới … thì …: Ngay sau khi
… thì …
2. to-ing and fro-ing: repeated movement from one place to another.
3. be subject to sth: to have or experience a particular thing, especially something
unpleasant
4. turn over a new leaf: to start behaving in a better way.
5. Adj/adv + as/though + S + V, clause / reach a decision: make a decision.
PART 2
5. through no fault of her/my etc own: used to say that something bad that
happened to someone was not caused by them.

ĐỀ LÊ QUÝ ĐÔN – NINH THUẬN

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B. WRITTEN TEST
II. WORD FORMS
A.
1. Franchise -> enfranchisement (noun) /ɪnˈfræntʃaɪzmənt/
[uncountable] (formal) the act of giving somebody the right to vote in an election
the enfranchisement of foreign residents in local elections.
 disenfranchisement
2. collaborative (adjective) /kəˈlæbəreɪtɪv/
[only before noun] (formal) involving, or done by, several people or groups of
people working together.
 collaborative projects/studies/research
 a collaborative effort/venture
3. luck -> hard-luck story (noun) /ˌhɑːrd ˈlʌk stɔːri/
a story about yourself that you tell somebody in order to get their sympathy or
help.
e.g: He was boring people with more of his hard-luck stories.
4. Mystery -> demystify (verb) /diːˈmɪstɪfaɪ/
 demystify something: to make something easier to understand and less
complicated by explaining it in a clear and simple way.
5. Inflate -> anti-inflation (adjective) [ before noun] (also anti-inflationary)
opposed to or intended to slow down inflation.
 anti-inflation program/plan/policy e.g: The government stressed it was not
abandoning its tough anti-inflationary policies.
e.g: Though prices in Britain are barely rising, some investors still doubt the
country's anti-inflation credentials.
6. Cancer -> precancerous (adjective) /ˌpriːˈkænsərəs/
(medical) that will develop into cancer if not treated.
e.g: precancerous cellsa
7. Heaven -> heavenward (adverb) /ˈhevnwərd/ (also heavenwards)
(literary) towards heaven or the sky.
e.g: to cast/raise your eyes heavenward (= to show you are annoyed or impatient)
8. Service -> in-service (adjective) /ˌɪn ˈsɜːrvɪs/ [only before noun]
(of training, courses of study, etc.) done while somebody is working in a job, in
order to learn new skills.
 in-service training our

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 in-service professional development programme
9. Member -> dismember (verb) /dɪsˈmembər/
dismember sth to cut or tear the dead body of a person or an animal into pieces.
e.g: Police say the body had been dismembered.
dismember something (formal) to divide a country, an organization, etc. into
smaller parts.
e.g: The British railway network has gradually been dismembered.
10. runaway (adjective) /ˈrʌnəweɪ/ [only before noun]
10.1 (of a person) having left without telling anyone.
e.g: runaway children
10.2 (of an animal or a vehicle) not under the control of its owner, rider or driver.
e.g: a runaway horse/car
10.3 happening very easily or quickly, and not able to be controlled.
 a runaway winner/victory
 the runaway success of her first play
 runaway inflation

B.
1. confer -> conference (n)
a meeting at which people have formal discussions.
 They agreed to convene a peace conference by mid-November.
 conference with somebody Her working day consists of conferences with
foreign diplomats.
 in conference (with somebody) He was in conference with his lawyers all day.
 Ministers from all four countries involved will meet at the conference table this
week.
2. Lonely -> loneliness
1. a feeling of being unhappy because you have no friends or people to talk to.
 a period of loneliness in his life.
 feelings of loneliness and depression.
2. the fact of a period of time being sad and spent alone.
 the loneliness of all those evenings at home just watching TV.
3. the fact that very few people ever visit a place.
 the desolation and loneliness of the island.
3. Difficult -> difficulty

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4. Persist -> persistent (adjective) /pərˈsɪstənt/
1. determined to do something despite difficulties, especially when other people are
against you and think that you are being annoying or unreasonable.
 How do you deal with persistent salesmen who won't take no for an answer?
 a persistent offender (= a person who continues to commit crimes after they have
been caught and punished)
 She can be very persistent when she wants something.
2. continuing for a long period of time, or repeated frequently, especially in a way
that is annoying and cannot be stopped.
SYNONYM unrelenting
 Persistent heavy rain held up work on the bridge for more than a week.
 The most common symptom is a persistent cough.
5. Out -> outside (adjective)
used to say that something is very unlikely.
e.g: They have only an outside chance of winning.
e.g: 150 is an outside estimate (= it is very likely to be less).
6. Condition -> conditioning (n)
the training or experience that an animal or a person has that makes them behave in
a particular way in a particular situation.
e.g: Is personality the result of conditioning from parents and society, or are we
born with it?
7. Dispose -> predisposition (n) /ˌpriːdɪspəˈzɪʃn/
predisposition (to/towards something) | predisposition (to do something) a
condition that makes somebody/something likely to behave in a particular way or
to suffer from a particular disease.
e.g: a genetic predisposition to liver disease.
8. Conscious -> self-conscious (adj)
self-conscious (about something) nervous or embarrassed about your appearance
or what other people think of you
e.g: He's always been self-conscious about being so short.
e.g: She was a shy, self-conscious girl.
9. Part -> partly (adv)
to some extent; not completely
e.g: Some people are unwilling to attend the classes partly because of the cost
involved.

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e.g: These low prices were partly due to excess supply.
IV. SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION
1. Import (n) : [uncountable] (formal) importance matters of great import.
2. room (n) : empty space that can be used for a particular purpose.
I'll move the table—it takes up too much room.
room for somebody/something Is there enough room for me in the car?
room for somebody to do something I left room for Zac to sit beside me.
There's plenty of room in the attic.
3. make amends (to somebody) (for something/for doing something)
to do something for somebody in order to show that you are sorry for something
wrong or unfair that you have done.
SYNONYM make up for something
e.g: She tried to make amends for what she had said to her mother by buying her
some flowers.
e.g: the team is desperate to make amends for two successive defeats.
4. Pretext (n) a false reason that you give for doing something, usually something
bad, in order to hide the real reason; an excuse.
on the pretext of doing something
e.g: he left the party early on the pretext of having work to do.
5. stand a chance (of doing something)
to have the possibility of succeeding or achieving something
e.g: the driver didn't stand a chance of stopping in time.
e.g: he doesn't stand a chance of winning against such an experienced player.
6. a foregone conclusion
if you say that something is a foregone conclusion, you mean that it is a result that
is certain to happen.
e.g: the outcome of the vote is a foregone conclusion.
e.g: the result of the game was a foregone conclusion.
9. a far cry from something.
a very different experience from something.
SYNONYM remote
e.g: all this luxury was a far cry from the poverty of his childhood.
ĐỀ LÊ QUÝ ĐÔN – BÀ RỊA VŨNG TÀU
A. MULTIPLE CHOICE
I. PHONOLOGY

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1. A. brood /bruːd/: a group of young birds all born at the same time.
B. broomstick /ˈbruːm.stɪk/ /ˈbrʊm.stɪk/: chổi.
C. foolscap /ˈfuːl.skæp/: paper of a standard size, measuring 17.2 cm x 21.6 cm.
D. brooch /brəʊtʃ/: a small piece of jewellery with a pin at the back that is
fastened to a woman's clothes.
2. A. massage /ˈmæs.ɑːʒ/.
B. pilgrimage /ˈpɪl.ɡrɪ.mɪdʒ/: special journey made by a pilgrim
C. pillage /ˈpɪl.ɪdʒ/: to steal something from a place or a person by using violence,
especially during war.
D. dosage /ˈdəʊ.sɪdʒ/: the amount of medicine that you should take at one time.
3. A. exist /ɪɡˈzɪst/.
B. exhaustion /ɪɡˈzɔːs.tʃən/: the state of being extremely tired.
C. explorer /ɪkˈsplɔː.rər.
D. exhibit /ɪɡˈzɪb.ɪt/: to show something publicly.
4. A. accredit /əˈkred.ɪt/: to officially recognize, accept, or approve of someone or
something
B. salamander /ˈsæl.ə.mæn.dər/: a small animal that looks like a lizard but has soft
skin and lives both on land and in water.
C. majesty /ˈmædʒ.ə.sti/: if something has majesty, it causes admiration and
respect for its beauty.
D. saliva /səˈlaɪ.və/.
5. A. swarthy /ˈswɔː.ði/: (of a person or their skin) dark.
B. wreathe /riːð/: to cover or surround something.
C. apothecium /ˌa-pə-ˈthē-shē-əm/: a spore-bearing structure in many lichens
and fungi consisting of a discoid or cupped body bearing asci on the exposed
flat or concave surface.
D. feather /ˈfeð.ər/.
6. A. interviewer ɪn.tə.vjuː.ər/.
B. encouragement/ɪnˈkʌr.ɪdʒ.mənt/.
C. acknowledge /əkˈnɒl.ɪdʒ/.
D. interpreter /ɪnˈtɜː.prə.tər/: someone whose job is to change what someone else is
saying into another language.
7. A. diplomacy /dɪˈpləʊ.mə.si/:the management of relationships between countries
B. synonymous /sɪˈnɒn.ɪ.məs: having the same meaning.

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C. elephantine/ˌel.ɪˈfæn.taɪn/ very large.
D. petroleum /pəˈtrəʊ.li.əm/ a dark, thick oil obtained from under the ground, from
which various substances including petrol, paraffin, and diesel oil are produced.
8. A. authoritative /ɔːˈθɒr.ɪ.tə.tɪv/: showing that you are confident, in control,
and expect to be respected and obeyed.
B. argumentative /ˌɑːɡ.jəˈmen.tə.tɪv/:often arguing or wanting to argue.
C. administrative /ədˈmɪn.ɪ.strə.tɪv/: relating to the arrangements and work that
is needed to control the operation of a plan or organization.
D. initiative /ɪˈnɪʃ.ə.tɪv/ : a new plan or process to achieve sth or solve a problem.
9. A. communal /ˈkɒm.jə.nəl/: belonging to or used by a group of people rather
than one single person.
B. delicacy /ˈdel.ɪ.kə.si/: sth especially rare or expensive that is good to eat.
C. peninsula /pəˈnɪn.sjə.lə/: a long piece of land that sticks out from a larger area of
land into the sea or into a lake.
D. pneumonia /njuːˈməʊ.ni.ə/: a serious illness in which one or both lungs become
red and swollen and filled with liquid.
10. A. telecommuting /ˌtel.ɪ.kəˈmjuː.tɪŋ/: the activity of working at home, while
communicating with your office by phone or email, or using the internet.
B. geophysical /ˌdʒiː.əˈfɪz.ɪ.kəl/: connected with the study of the rocks and
other substances that make up the earth and the physical processes happening
on, in, and above the earth.
C. hydroelectric /haɪ.drəʊ.ɪˈlek.trɪk/: producing electricity by the force of fast
moving water such as rivers or waterfalls.
D. humanitarian /hjuːˌmæn.ɪˈteə.ri.ən/ : (a person who is) involved in or connected
with improving people's lives and reducing suffering.
II. WORD CHOICE
11. A. brightened (v): to (cause to) become lighter.
B. advocate (v): to publicly support or suggest an idea, development, or way of
doing something.
C. captivated (v): to hold the attention of someone by being extremely
interesting, exciting, pleasant, or attractive.
D. cultivate (v): to prepare land and grow crops on it, or to grow a particular crop.
12. A. come-down: to feel less excited after a very enjoyable experience.
B. letdown: a disappointment.

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C. let-up: to stop doing something that you have been doing continuously or in
a determined way.
D. crack-down: to start dealing with bad or illegal behaviour in a more severe way.
13. A. chew the fat: to talk with someone in an informal and friendly way.
B. split hairs: to argue about small details of something.
C. talk shop: to talk about your job with those you work with when not at work.
D. brave the elements : To go out into and endure bad or stormy weather.
14. D. in tatters: badly damaged or completely spoiled.
15. A. be at pains to avoid : to try very hard to do something.
16. A. dole queues: used to refer to the number of unemployed people in a
particular place at a particular time.
B. picket lines: a group of workers acting as pickets.
C. back benches: members of the British Parliament who do not
have official positions in the government or in an opposing political party.
D. assembly lines: a line of machines and workers in a factory that a product
moves along while it is being built or produced. Each machine or worker performs
a particular job that must be finished before the product moves to the next position
in the line.
17. C. sunk: cause something to fail or be in trouble.
D. connived: allow something bad to happen although you know about it.
18. A. rub your shoulders: meet and spend time with someone
B. get off scot-free: without receiving the deserved or expected punishment or
without being harmed.
C. stick to your guns: continue to have your beliefs or continue with a plan of
action, even if other people disagree with you.
D. turn the tables on: change a situation so that you now have an advantage over
someone who previously had an advantage over you.
19. A. riding the crest of a wave: to criticize someone, esp.
to forcefully persuade that person to do more or to do what you want.
B. burn the midnight oil: work late into the night.
C. let off steam: do or say something that helps you to get rid of strong feelings or
energy.
D. make a moutain out of a molehill: make a slight difficulty seem like
a serious problem.

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20. A. withstand: to be strong enough, or not be changed by something, or
to oppose a person or thing successfully.
B. expel: force someone to leave a school, organization, or country.
C. withhold: refuse to give something or to keep back something.
D. smash: cause something to break noisily into a lot of small pieces.
IV. PHRASAL VERBS AND PREPOSITION.
1. On principle: if you believe or act on principle, you are following a personal
standard of behavior.
In principle: if you agree with or believe sth in principle, you agree with the idea
in general, although you might not support it in reality or in every situation.
2. Hold out for sth: to continue to demad sth, although you have been told you
cannot have it.
3. Beyond sb`s wildest dreams: better or more than sb had ever thought possible.
4. Amount to sth: to become a particular amount / to be the same as sth, or to have
the same effect as sth.
5. Palm sb off with sth: to give sb an untrue or unsatisfactory answer, or to give sb
sth that has no value in order to try to satisfy them and make them go away.
6. Thumb through: to turn the pages of a book or magazine quickly and read only
small parts.
7. Get above yourself: to think you are better or more important than you really are.
8. Knock up: to make sth quickly and without using much effort.
9. Go under: if a bussiness go under, it has to stop operating because of financial
problems. / to sink beneath the surface of water.
10. Get at: to keep criticizing sb in an unkind way / to be able to reach sth / to
discover information, especially the truth about a situation. (informal): to use
threats to influence the decision of people who are involved in a court case.
V. GUIDED CLOZE
GUIDED CLOZE 1:
1. Innovative: using new methods or ideas / new and different.
Foremost: most important or best, leading. / Best known or most important.
Original: existing since the beginning, or being the earliest form of sth.
2. Apathetic: showing no interest or energy and unwilling to take action, especially
over sth important.
3. Exshauted: extremely tired.

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Gruelling: extremely tiring and difficult, and demanding great effort and
determination.
Spent: having no energy left.
4. Sufficient: enough for a particular purpose.
Severe: causing very great pain , difficulty, worry, damage, serious.
Minimal: very small in amount.
5. compatible: able to exist, live, or work successfully with sth or sb else. / able to
be used with a particular type of computer, machine, devise.
6. Equivalent: having the same amount, value, purpose, qualities.
Proportional: two amount change at the same rate so that the relationshib between
them does not change.
7. Basis: the most imbortant facts, ideas, … from which sth is developed.
Ravages: the damage caused by diseased, time, war…
Ruins: the brocess or state of being sboilled or destroyed.
8. Foresee: to know about sth before it happens.
Maintain: to continue to have, to keep in existence, or not allow to become less.
Regard: to consider or have an obinion about sth or sb.
GUIDED CLOZE 2:
1. Extol: to braise sth or sb very much.
Extalt: to raise sb to a higher rank or more bowerful bosition.
Acclaim: to give pulic apporval or praise.
Applaud: to say that you admire and agree with a person’s action or decision.
2. Invoke: to make a particular idea, image, or feeling appear in people’s minds by
decribing an event or situation, or by talking about a person.
Provoke: to cause a reation or feeling, especially a sudden one / to make sb
angry, esbecially deliberately.
Incite: to deliberately encourage people to fight, argue,…
5. Sneaking: to go somewhere secretly and quietly in order to avoid being seen
or heard / To hide sth and take it somewhere or give it to sb secretly.
Stitch: to sew two pieces of cloth together, or to sew a decoration onto a piece of
cloth.
Stalk: to follow and watch sb over for a long period of time in a way that is very
annoying or threatening, and that is considered a crime in some pieces.
Slib: to go somewhere, without attracting other people’s attention.
6. Passionately: very strong in an emotional way.

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Indigenously: having always been in the blace where they are, rather than being
brought there from somewhere else
Disorderly: untidy or without any order / behaving in a noisy violent way and
causing trouble in a public place .
7. Reach: if sb reach a particular point in their development or in a process or
competition, they get to that point.
Undertake: to accept that u are responsible for a piece of work, and start to do it
Approach: to move towards or nearer to sb or sth.
Tackle: to try deal with a difficult problem.
8. ascend: to move up through the air. / to climb sth or move, lead up to a higher
position.
rise: to increasse in number, amount, or value.
surge: to suddenly move very quickly in a particular direction.
9. outpourings: an expression of strong feelings / a lot of sth that is produced
suddenly.
outbreaks: fighting, disease suddenly starts to happen.
burts: a short sudden effort or increase in activity.
flareubs: a situation in which sb suddenly becomes angry or violent / a situation in
which sb suddenly has problems because of a disease or illness after not having
any broblems for a long time.
III. WORD FORMATION
PART 1
1. Student
 Understudy (n): an actor who learns the parts of other actors in a play, so that he
or she can replace them if necessary, for example if they are ill.
2. Write
 Write-off (n): a period of time during which you fail to achieve anything.
3. Affect
 Disaffected (a): no longer supporting or being satisfied with an organization or
idea.
4. Fact
 Fact-finding: done in order to discover information for your company,
government, etc.
5. Defeat
 Self-defeating: used to describe something that causes or makes worse the
problem it was designed to avoid or solve.

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6. Essence
 Non-essentials (a): not essential; not necessary.
7. Perfect
 Imperfection (n): a fault or weakness.
8. good
 betterment (n): improvement.
9. social
 dissociate (v): to consider as separate and not related.
10. ambiguous
 disambiguate (v): to show the differences between 2 or more meanings clearly.

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