Big Data in Construction

BIG DATA
IN CONSTRUCTION
1BQ17AT007 ANAND KRISHNA

1BQ17AT020 DHANUSH SAI TS
1BQ17AT030 KARAN S MURTHY
1BQ17AT033 M V VINANTH DEV
1BQ17AT035 MANEESH V R
BUILDING CONSTRUCTION - 8
Big Data is a collection of data that is huge in volume, yet growing
exponentially with time. It is a data with so large size and complexity that
none of traditional data management tools can store it or process it
efficiently. Big data is also a data but with huge size.
Big data can be described by the following characteristics:
(i) Volume – The name Big Data itself is related to a size which is enormous. Also,
whether a particular data can actually be considered as a Big Data or not, is
dependent upon the volume of data.
(ii) Variety – Variety refers to heterogeneous sources and the nature of data,
both structured and unstructured. During earlier days, spreadsheets and
databases were the only sources of data considered by most of the applications.
Nowadays, data in the form of emails, photos, videos, monitoring devices, PDFs,
audio, etc. are also being considered in the analysis applications.
(iii) Velocity – The term 'velocity' refers to the speed of generation of data..Big
Data Velocity deals with the speed at which data flows in from sources like
business processes, application logs, and social media sites, sensors, Mobile
devices, etc. The flow of data is massive and continuous.
(iv) Variability – This refers to the inconsistency which can be shown by the data
at times, thus hampering the process of being able to handle and manage the
data effectively.
WHAT IS BIG DATA IN CONSTRUCTION?
● Building information modeling (BIM) and Virtual design
construction (VDC) have disrupted the construction sector
bringing information and Communication technology (ICT) into
the realm of construction project management.
● BIM can be defined as a reliable, digital, three dimensional, virtual

representation of the project to be built for use in design decision-
making, construction scheduling and planning, cost estimates
and maintenance of construction projects.
● BIM and VDC, was introduced as a conceptual model with object

based design, parametric manipulation and a relational
database; which was developed much later into a visual display
of conceptual design.
● Initially BIM was just limited to 2D (planar)technical drawings like

plan, elevations, sections. In recent years, they have extended it
to 3D design.
In the future BIM will be coming up with fourth dimension (4D).
● BIM and Unmanned Aerial Systems are some of the most

innovative technologies that the construction is slowly adopting.
● Big data in construction is not just limited to construction phase of

a project. In fact with increasing demand and delivery of green
and sustainable buildings constant monitoring of facilities for total
building performances generates multiple layers of data and
information
BIG DATA IN DIFFERENT PHASES OF CONSTRUCTION
DESIGN PHASE
There’s a lot of useful information out there that when ● Stakeholder input
harvested and applied properly can facilitate the ● Social media/email discussions
design process, and this includes: ● Environmental info
● Historical data
Taken together, data from all of these channels can tell a developer the optimum locale for his or her new building project.It
can determine probabilities and patterns that will help forecast any pitfalls that may plague a given construction project in
the immediate or even distant future.
Integration of BIM data, data-driven BIM can cut construction expenses by 18% and reduce
completion time by up to two weeks.
CONSTRUCTION PHASE
It plays an big role in construction phase especially if the big data in question comes from weather patterns and
meteorological reports. Not only that, but information derived from community and business activity as well as
traffic conditions, when properly analyzed, can tell developers the optimal time to commence construction
activities and at which precise stages.
USE OF SENSORS: Sensor input can show the idle and active times of construction machinery, thus showing
developers how best to boost fuel efficiency as well as telling them whether it’s more cost-effective to buy or
lease such machinery.
Biometric sensors can create safer work conditions.
In the construction industry, a whopping 35% of total costs are due
to redundancy, waste, and remedial work. If big data analysis,
sensors, and BIM tech can reduce that figure to single digits, then
that would certainly qualify as a transformation with incredible
benefits.
OPERATIONAL PHASE
Information gleaned from sensors installed in buildings, homes,
bridges, etc, allows for better facility management. Sensors can
track data derived from the inner workings of the building in
question, be it foot traffic, energy usage, or internal temperatures.
This data can be harnessed to more efficiently manage energy

usage in office parks and shopping malls. It’s able to record traffic
stress info and flexing in bridges. Then, by feeding this data back into
your BIM system, you can rely on highly accurate modeling to help
create a firm schedule for the various maintenance activities in your
buildings
BENEFITS OF BIG DATA IN CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY
● Enable data-based simulations and solutions for different on-site

construction activities to optimize construction site layout and resource
allocation.
● Enable the delivery of the right information such as project location,
surrounding environment, and infrastructure overview.
● monitoring and assessment of various facility performance areas,
specifically energy, and thus empowering facility managers to perform their
work more efficiently.
● Enhance the decision-making process by perusing previously collected
data and identifying trends and patterns.
● Improve project control, including the location and status of equipment,
material, and laborers.
● Improve the information flow between stakeholders and across different
project stages.
● Increase collaboration and communication to ensure that all stakeholders
have a clear understanding of the scope of work and expected outcomes.
● Improve the precision of forecasting and promote better predictability,
specifically during pre-construction planning, where construction tasks can
be simulated before execution to identify and remove barriers and
constraints.
CHALLENGES IN USING BIG DATA IN CONSTRUCTION
Here are many challenges that are limiting the construction industry to take the many advantages of having access
to their everyday projects data and methods to overcome them,
1. Massive Volume of Wasted Data

One of the key challenges that face the construction industry is that much of the project management related processes continue to
be manual and lack the needed automation that other industries have adopted. Not only this affects the quality and credibility of
captured data but it also means that much of the everyday data get wasted and neither get captured nor shared.This challenge
can be mitigated by using Project Management Information Systems (PMIS) like PMWeb to automate the everyday project
management processes.This will ensure that all originated projects’ data are not only captured in the desired structured format but
also are robust, reliable, auditable, attributable, traceable, transparent and trustworthy.
2. Multiple Applications and Data Silos

This challenge is that the construction industry will continue to use multiple software applications to capture everyday data that each
has its own data source. For example, construction projects use BIM and other applications to create the project design documents,
scheduling software to plan the project activities and resource requirements, Monte Carlo simulation software to quantify schedule and
cost risks, project management information system to automate project management processes,etc. Not only this creates the issue of
multiple data sources, but some of those applications could eventually be dropped by the organization or even discontinued by the
software vendor.
This challenge can be strongly mitigated by using a data management platform like Discovery Hub from TimeXtender which can be
used to integrate and consolidate data from any application or data source into a single Data Hub
3. Non-Unified Data Structures and Field Names

This challenge is also associated with the multiple applications is the fact that each of those application data source come with its own
different data table structures and field names that can prove to be very costly and time consuming to integrate so they can become of
value to the organization.
Discovery Hub from TimeXtender helps to normalize and de-normalize those data sources to enable associating and blending multiple data
fields to create multi-data source tables and views without the lengthy and costly data integration effort.
4. Discontinued Access to Applications
This challenge has to do with the fact that projects will eventually come to an end where ownership for the captured data
needs to be transferred to another business unit. This brings the high risk of misplacing and losing this valuable data when
accountability for securing this data is disrupted. In addition, there is always the risk of the non-availability of the software
applications originally used to populate the captured data or expired software subscription agreements for using those
applications.
Application like Discovery Hub from TimeXtender can be used, the organization can decouple the Data Hub from the
original sources and store and maintain their extracted data sources for as long as they want.
5. Differing Data Visualization and Reporting Needs

There is also the challenge of project managers and senior business executives who could be users of different visualization and
reporting tools and who need governed semantic models with the same documented data sets to visualize or report on. Usually
project management team members need reports that can be printed or shared where as executives tend to use interactive
business intelligence and data visualization tools like MS Power BI, Qlik and Tableau.
With Discovery Hub it is possible to create semantic models, creating all metrics and measures, whether derived or calculated, so
they can be used in any business intelligence visualization or reporting tool to ensure single version of the truth when it comes to
reporting projects’ performance, status and other needed information
6. Restricted Data Access

Getting access to the data warehouse is the last challenge which also relates to the confidentiality requirement for this industry
where very few senior executives would usually be permitted to have access to the complete captured data. This requires
restricting access to certain parts of the captured data and to be only limited to certain executives within the organization.
TimeXtender data security provides object level permissions to the different database roles. It is possible to restrict access to
specific tables, schemas or views according to specific Roles (for example Executives, Managers, Developers). In this way a
single security can be managed for front-end applications in place of all original sources’ security.
BIG DATA, THE CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY, AND THE FUTURE
● After discussing how big data is transforming the construction industry now,
even then to truly understand its potential we must look to the future. How
will big data and technology further merge?
● Well, according to a report from Global Construction Perspectives and
Oxford Economics, the construction industry will grow 85% to 15.5 trillion by
2030. The challenges that will result from this will be immense, from ensuring
a supply of skilled labor to utilizing new technologies like augmented
reality, to drive efficiency. And it’s big data that will play an important role
and help to overcome every challenges.
CONCLUSION
As industries accumulate more and more information, that data does indeed get bigger,
but so does the necessity to condense it into manageable bites. In the construction
industry, this means distilling the information down to its most essential and valuable
insights.
Is big data a new concept? Definitely not

● Is Big Data Innovative? Absolutely
● Do the benefits outweigh the risks? Of course; Big data analytics is actually an
enabler to risk prevention and immediate mitigation
● Is big data costly? Cost of big data will always be directly related to the volume of
input data and information, the speed at which it is processed and analyzed to
render it usable for other value added decision making or processes. However, larger
amounts of data mean you can more accurately track your performance.
This includes project profitability and efficiency.

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BIG DATA

1BQ17AT007 ANAND KRISHNA

● BIM can be defined as a reliable, digital, three dimensional, virtual

● BIM and VDC, was introduced as a conceptual model with object

● Initially BIM was just limited to 2D (planar)technical drawings like

● BIM and Unmanned Aerial Systems are some of the most

● Big data in construction is not just limited to construction phase of

This data can be harnessed to more efficiently manage energy

● Enable data-based simulations and solutions for different on-site

1. Massive Volume of Wasted Data

2. Multiple Applications and Data Silos

3. Non-Unified Data Structures and Field Names

5. Differing Data Visualization and Reporting Needs

6. Restricted Data Access

Is big data a new concept? Definitely not

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