Student name: J’mie Lawrence

Subject: Information technology

Teacher: Mr. Paul
Form : 4H
1. Multitasking allows a user to perform more than one computer
task at a time. For example, you can open Edmodo and still
open google to look for a definition. The operating system is
able to track this and save all the data so that no data is lost.
Even though a computer could multitask it doesn’t mean that an
unlimited number of task can run simultaneously because
adding on more task would cause the computer to move slower
because every task uses up RAM.

 Multiprocessing is the coordinated processing of programmes by

more than one computer processor. Multiprocessing is dived
into two sections symmetric multiprocessing and massively
parallel multiprocessing. Symmetric multiprocessing is on the
smaller scale of the spectrum as doesn’t usually exceed 16
processors whereas massively parallel multiprocessing is way
bigger it usually holds 200 and more processors.

 Multiprogramming is a basic form of parallel processing in

which several programs are run at the same time on one
processor. Not all computer can do this and it is based on the
capacity of the computer to executing several programs at the
same time on the same processor by having one of the programs
using the processor while others are performing input or output.
The computer doesn’t actually execute the programs
simultaneously, it operates in parts, it operates on part of one
program then on the next one until it completes. To the user it
looks like it is doing it simultaneously but it actually isn’t.
 2. Microsoft Windows 2000 and Linux are examples of operating
systems that can do multitasking. Most times when we use
computers we use the multitasking function such as when we
open our web browsers and then open then open another
programme like Microsoft PowerPoint or Word at same time,
you are causing the operating system to do multitasking.
Multitasking is very useful and without it a lot if our lives
would be a lot more stressful especially if use a computer to do
you work on a daily basis.

 Multiprocessor computers are very good because it brings many

advantages, one of them is that the computer could manage larger
amounts of information quicker because there are more processors
to manage the information. Another advantage that multiprocessor
computers is that more things can be done simultaneously because
each processor is assigned a specific task. For example, while the
one processor is managing memory storage another could be
managing arithmetic instructions. This is also tied in with the
speed of the computer because this can move smoothly now
whereas oppose to a computer with one processor, it would have to
do all these things but by its self so the computer would’ve moved
slower.

 The main idea of multiprogramming is to maximize the use of

CPU time. The role of multiprogramming is to keep the CPU busy
as long as there are processes ready to execute.
 3. Batch processing is a technique of processing data that occur in
one large group instead of individually. Banks normally use
batch processing the processes their transactions once or twice
every hour instead of doing each transaction immediately. No
user interaction is required once batch processing is underway.
Batch processing groups the information and processes it.

 Real-time processing, processes and executes the data in a short

time period, providing an almost instant output. The processing is
done as soon as the date is inputted. This processing system is
different to batch processing because batch processing groups the
data and then processes it. Real time processing is also known as
stream processing This processing method is used when it is
essential that the input request is dealt with quickly enough so as to
be able to control an output properly. An example of things that
use this processing system are bank atm and self-driving cars.
 Online processing is an automated way to enter and process data or
reports continuously.it is the ongoing entry of transactions into a
computer system in real time. An example of how online
processing works is bar code scanning. When you buy an item in a
store, the bar code gets scanned at the register. The item is then
immediately updated in the store’s directory system as being sold.
It is also updated in their cost and sales reports. It continuously
updates the entire accounting system. The online processing of
orders offers considerable savings in time and other aspects of the
business as well as a sizeable overall efficiency difference as
oppose to other systems for most business sales operations.

 Time-sharing is the operation that allows many users with different

programmes to interact nearly simultaneously with the central
processing unit of a large-scale digital computer. It allows the
users to interact by means of multiprogramming and multitasking.
Time sharing enables many people, located at various terminals, to
use a particular computer system at the same time. It allows many
applications to run at the same time and in some cases, it could be
used in the batch system, to increase performance.
 4. The operating system manages computer resources and tasks by
ensuring that all the computer resources are not just used by one
program and it is shared by all programs that need to use it.
Some resources that the OS manages are RAM and file storage.

 The operating system manages files and memory, it manages the

files by firstly putting the information in files and secondly by
placing any other information based under that category in that
same file. For example, when you take a photo it could be place
under different files such as location, month and year. It manages
the memory by moving it from main and primary memory and it
keeps track how much memory processes use up.

 The operating system manages security by implementing

mechanisms that can help fight against many different threats. An
antivirus normally comes with the OS and protects the computer
internally. Without the mechanisms that were implemented by the
OS a lot of system crashes and data loss could occur.

 The operating system also multi-process data so that the computer

could move smother and faster. When data is multi-processed it
allows the computer to move faster because there isn’t a buildup of
data because more data is being processed.
 Online processing is also a function of the operating system and it
allows data and reports to be processed continuously.

 The last function of the OS is to provide a user interface, it is an

interface between the hardware and the programs requesting input
and output functions. This function is the most important system
software program because without an interface we cannot interact
with the computer.

The operating system is very important and all the functions are
very important because without them the computer wouldn’t be
able to operate.