An Auto Reclose Relay

for EHV Transmission Lines

Bassam Gallalin
AREVA

NUBARIA Project – June 2005

Page 1
 LFAA 101 Main Features

3 Protection Relays – June 2005 3

Type LFAA Auto Reclose Relays

Typical Applications

EHV/UHV
overhead line

CB1

LFAA LFAA CB2

101 102

Controls Controls
one C.B. two C.B.’s

EHV/UHV
overhead line
4 Protection Relays – June 2005 4

Page 2
 LFAA Relays
Main Features

X User-friendly operator interface

X Wide range of basic programs

X Many program variations

X Independently adjustable timer settings and counter

targets, with wide setting ranges

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Basic Programs

X Single shot
Š Single phase
Š Three phase (3 variants)
Š Single / three phase

X Two shot
Š 1Ph then 3Ph (4 variants)
Š Fast 3Ph then delayed 3Ph (4 variants)
Š 1Ph / fast 3Ph then delayed 3Ph

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Page 3
 LFAA 102 - Follower C.B.

X 3Ph A/R Follower reclose provided leader

auto-recloses successfully
(i.e. remains closed for follower
time)

X 1Ph A/R Follower trips 1Ph and recloses

simultaneously with leader

Follower trips 3Ph and recloses as

for 3Ph A/R

7 Protection Relays – June 2005 7

Basic A/R Cycle

X Initiation when protection operates

X Dead time start when C.B. trips

X C.B. close output at end of dead time,

subject to appropriate interlocks

X Scheme reset at end of reclaim time

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Page 4
 Scheme Logic -
Optional Features

X Maintenance alarm and/or lockout

X C.B. closed interlock (C.B. has to be closed before

protection op. to initiate A/R)

X Line voltage interlock, using N/O or N/C line voltage

monitor relay contact (line must be live before
protection op. to initiate A/R, then go dead to
enable dead time start)

X Close with sync. check before dead time elapsed

X C.B. auxiliary contact can be N/O (52a) or N/C (52b)

9 Protection Relays – June 2005 9

Protective Relay Requirements

X Fast trip at both line ends

X Phase segregated trip and A/R

initiation outputs

X “Block auto-reclose” output

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Page 5
 LFAA - Associated Relays

X Line voltage monitor

X Dead line / live bus or live line / dead

bus voltage check relay

X Synchronism check relay

11 Protection Relays – June 2005 11

LFAA 101 & 102

Inputs & Outputs Overview

Plant status Control of plant

LFAA
Protection Indication

Control Alarms

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Page 6
 LFAA 101 & 102
Control of Circuit Breaker

CB open / closed CB close

LFAA

CB spring charged CB trip

Set 3 pole trip

(bridging contacts)

13 Protection Relays – June 2005 13

LFAA 101 & 102

Protection Inputs

X Three times one phase protection operated

X Three phase protection operated

X Intertrip received

X Block autoreclose

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Page 7
 LFAA 101 & 102
System Check Inputs

X CB1 safe to close

X CB1 in synchronism

X CB2 safe to close (LFAA 102 only)

X CB2 in synchronism (LFAA 102 only)

X Line voltage monitor

15 Protection Relays – June 2005 15

LFAA 101 & 102

Control Inputs

X Switch IN

X Switch OUT

X Stop

X Enable

X Reset from lockout (2 on LFAA 102)

X Reset maintenance counter (2 on LFAA 102)

X CB2 stop (LFAA 102 only)

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Page 8
 LFAA 101 & 102
Main / Backup Interlocks

Main Backup

+
Stop
Autoreclose
in process
+
Stop
Autoreclose
in process

(Priority logic) (Backup logic)

17 Protection Relays – June 2005 17

LFAA 101 & 102

CB2 Interlocking

+
CB2 stop
CB2 control
+
CB2 stop
CB2 control

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Page 9
 LFAA 101 & 102
Alarm / Indication Outputs

X Power supply healthy (1 make + 1 break)

X Autoreclose in service (1 change over)

X Autoreclose in progress (2 change over)

X CB close repeat (1 make)

X CB maintenance alarm (1 make) per CB
X CB maintenance lockout (1 make)

X CB2 control (LFAA 102 only)

19 Protection Relays – June 2005 19

LFAA 101 & 102

Protection Control Outputs

X Outputs per CB :

Š Inhibit pole discrepancy protection (1 changeover)

Š Initiate synch-voltage selection (1 make)
X Outputs per LFAA relay :

Š Inhibit DEF (1 changeover)

Š Inhibit PSB (1 changeover)
Š Inhibit zone 1 extension (1 changeover)

20 Protection Relays – June 2005 20

Page 10
 LFAA 101 & 102
Software “Functions” (1)

X FNCT 1 TO 6 : Select basic AR program

(refer to scheme description)
X FNCT 7 : Line voltage interlock IN or OUT
X FNCT 8 : Duration of PSB inhibit output
X FNCT 9 : Duration of CB close output
X FNCT 10 : Enable / disable auto reset
X FNCT 11 : Three phase HSAR without system check

21 Protection Relays – June 2005 21

LFAA 101 & 102

Software “Functions” (2)

X FNCT 12 : “Enable” input N/O or N/C

X FNCT 13 : Dead time start conditions
X FNCT 14 : CB auxiliary contact 52a or 52b
X FNCT 15 : CB spr. charged contact N/O or N/C
X FNCT 16 : Line V.Mon contact N/O or N/C
X FNCT 17 : AR initiate with CB open
X FNCT 18 : Maintenance alarm IN or OUT (CB1)

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Page 11
 LFAA 101 & 102
Software “Functions” (3)

X FNCT 19 : Maintenance lockout IN or OUT (CB1)

X FNCT 20 : Maintenance lockout suspend until end of

autoreclose cycle (CB1 + CB2)

X FNCT 21 : Initiate SVS at start or end of dead time

X FNCT 22 : Fast synch. check IN or OUT
X FNCT 23 : Allow settings change in service
X FNCT 24 : Priority or backup logic (FNCT 26 on LFAA 102)

23 Protection Relays – June 2005 23

LFAA 102
Software “Functions” (4)

X FNCT 24 : CBs simultaneous or sequential for single

phase autoreclose

X FNCT 25 : CB2 take over if CB1 not available

X FNCT 26 Priority or backup logic
X FNCT 27 : CB2 sequential reclose with/without
“spring charged” check

X FNCT 28 : Maintenance alarm IN or OUT (CB2)

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Page 12
 LFAA 102
Software “Functions” (5)

X FNCT 29 : Maintenance lockout IN or OUT (CB2)

X FNCT 30 : A/R initiate with or without “spring
charged” check
X FNCT 31 : Middle CB (CB2) lock out or reclose for
concurrent faults on both circuits

25 Protection Relays – June 2005 25

LFAA 101 & 102

Timers (1)

X Intertrip time 1 - 300s

X Man. close time 1 - 200s

X Discrimination time 0.01 - 2.0s

X Pre-close check time 1 - 200s

X One pole dead time 0.01 - 2.0s

X High speed dead time 0.01 - 200s

X Delay dead time 1 - 300s

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Page 13
 LFAA 101 & 102
Timers (2)

X Close pulse 0.01 - 2.0s

X Reclaim time 1 - 300s

X Trip fail lockout time 1 - 200s

X Follower CB time 0.01 - 300s

27 Protection Relays – June 2005 27

LFAA 101 & 102

LED Alarms

X Red LED flashing : Maintenance lockout CB1

Maintenance lockout CB2

X Red LED stable : A/R lockout CB1

A/R lockout CB2

X Amber LED flashing : Maintenance alarm CB1

Maintenance alarm CB2

X Amber LED stable : Autoreclose in progress

28 Protection Relays – June 2005 28

Page 14
 LFAA Relays
Auxiliary Voltage Ratings

Nominal Working Range

24/27 19 - 32
Vx1 - Relay power supply 30/34 24 - 40
Vx2 - Opto isolator supply 48/54 38 - 65
110/125 88 - 150
220/250 175 - 300

Burden : 8.0 to 11.5 W (no I/P or O/P)

plus 0.025 to 0.350 W per live input
plus 0.4 to 1.5 W per set output

29 Protection Relays – June 2005 29

LFAA Relays
Viewing Menu

X Menu options with Accept and Select keys :

Š Alarm messages

Š Counter messages

Š Settings

Š Inputs

Š Outputs

Š Test timers

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Page 15
 LFAA Relays
Control Menu

X Control options with arrow and set keys :

Š Print

Š Settings

Š Communications

Š Identifiers

Š Counter resets

Š Test outputs

31 Protection Relays – June 2005 31

LFAA Software Overview

RS232
interface

Status inputs

LFAA Ladder
System
operating diagram
software
system software

Operator
Output relays
interface

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Page 16
 Software Function Block Diagram
for the System

System software

Multi-
Off-line Real-time
tasking
monitor monitor
executive

Power-on
Basic
diagnostics/
I/O system
self-monitoring

33 Protection Relays – June 2005 33

Software Function Block Diagram for

the Logic Controller Software

Logic controller software

Operator interface

Initialisation Every 2 ms
Front panel

Every 10 ms

Every 250 ms

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Page 17
 Software Function Block Diagram for
the Logic Controller Software (2)

Logic controller software

Every 2 ms

Read opto Run fast

inputs ladder

Update out-
put relays

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Software Function Block Diagram for

the Logic Controller Software (3)

Logic controller software

Every 10 ms

Timers Run slow

ladder

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Page 18
 Software Function Block Diagram for
the Logic Controller Software (4)

Logic controller software

Every 250 ms

Check alarm Update

flags display
Update alarms

37 Protection Relays – June 2005 37

Typical Ladder Page

T
CP CB closed
PROTOP SPDTcomp time 52CBX
pulse

CloseOK DDTcomp 52CBX ANTIP.

CB
CloseOK HSARinit closed PROTOP

CB Close
FNCT11 closed ANTIP. (RL5)

FastSync FNCT9

38 Protection Relays – June 2005 38

Page 19
 Why Approach Taken

X Easy to generate logic

X Flexibility of control scheme design

X Understood by existing engineering staff

X Efficient in code generation

X Fast operating speed

X Self documenting

39 Protection Relays – June 2005 39

LFAA Ladder Logic Elements

Input Input 2 SWR1

1
PFSWR1SWR1 PFSWR1
M
OPSWR1
FNCT1 FNCT2 SWR3
(RL_ )

COUNT 1
T T T T
1.00 TIMER TIMER TIMER INC +
DPU DPU DDO PLS

COUNT 1 COUNT 1 COUNT 1 COUNT 1

>= <= == RES -
10 TARGET TARGET

40 Protection Relays – June 2005 40

Page 20
 How Logic is Formed

In # 14 In # 2 Out # 4 Out # 1

In # 14 Counter
INC+
In # 7 Out # 5
Counter
test
Out # 4
~
Out # 2

+ -

Tests Actions

41 Protection Relays – June 2005 41

How Logic is Executed

Output to relays
Page xx

Logic page 1
to page xx
Page 3

Page 2

Page 1

Input plant states

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Page 22