Assessment Explanation of the Problem Planning Nursing Interventions Rationale Evaluation

Inadequate blood pumped by the Short Term: Diagnosis: Short Term:

Subjective: heart to meet the metabolic
“naulawak ay biglaan” as demands of the body. Common Within 8 hours of nursing  Monitor vital signs  To determine present The goal was met, within 8
verbalized by the patient. causes of reduced cardiac output intervention, the patient will be especially the blood condition of the patient hours of nursing intervention, the
include myocardial infarction, able to participate in activities pressure, respiratory patient was able to participate in
hypertension, valvular heart that reduce the workload of the rate, and pulse rate. activities that reduce the
disease, congenital heart heart such as therapeutic workload of the heart such as
Objective: disease, cardiomyopathy, medication regimen and  Assess patient’s  Cold, pale and clammy therapeutic medication regimen
 Chest pain pulmonary disease, arrhythmias, balanced activity/ rest plan. condition like capillary skin is secondary to and balanced activity/ rest plan.
 Poor cardiac reserve drug effects, fluid overload, refill, skin color, compensatory increase
decreased fluid volume, and temperature, and in sympathetic nervous
 Generalized weakness
electrolyte imbalance. Older moisture system stimulation and
 Fatigue
patients are especially at risk low cardiac output.
because the aging process Capillary refill is slow,
Vital signs:
causes reduced compliance of sometimes absent
BP: 160/100 mmHg
the ventricles, which further
HR: 62 bpm
reduces contractility and cardiac  Assess oxygen  Change in oxygen
RR: 22 cpm
output. saturation using pulse saturation is one of the
Long Term: oximeter earliest indicators of Long Term:
reduced cardiac output
Reference: Within 3 days of nursing The goal was met, within 3
intervention, the patient will be  Raise side rails of the  Safety of the patient days of nursing intervention, the
Nursing Diagnosis
Hinkle J.L. Cheever K.H. (2017) able to demonstrates adequate patient’s bedside patient was able to demonstrates
Decreased cardiac output related Brunner an Suddath’s textbook of cardiac output as evidenced by adequate cardiac output as
to decrease circulation in the Medical Surgical Nursing, Wolters blood pressure and pulse rate evidenced by blood pressure and
heart as manifested by chest pain Kluwer, New York. US. within normal parameters for  Position in high fowler’s pulse rate within normal
patient; and an ability to tolerate  To facilitate lung parameters for patient; and an
and fatigue. expansion
activity without chest pain. ability to tolerate activity without
chest pain.
 ECG monitoring as
ordered by the physician  Cardiac dysrhythmias
may occur from low
perfusion, acidosis or
hypoxia. Older patients
are especially sensitive
to the loss of atrial kick in
atrial fibrillation.
  Monitor hemodynamic  Close monitoring of these
parameters at prescribed parameters guides
level titration of fluids and
medication.
Therapeutic:

 Administer oxygen  To help in oxygen –

carbon dioxide exchange

 Administer medication as  Useful in the treatment of

directed by the physician HF by blocking the
such as beta – cardiac effects of chronic
adrenergic agents adrenergic stimulation.
Educative:

 Explain symptoms and  Though understanding

interventions for for of specific causes for
decreased cardiac output each patient’s disease is
related to etiological necessary for appropriate
factors follow through of
treatment plan

 Explain the drug  Information provides

regimen, purpose, dose, rationale for therapy and
and side effects aids the patient in
assuming responsibility
for self-care later.

 Explain diet restrictions  Diet changes and

for example, with respect restrictions can be
to fluid and sodium intake especially challenging to
patients and may require
ongoing monitoring
Reference:

Herdan, H.T., (2020) NANDA

International Nursing Diagnosis:
Definitions and Classifications
2018-2020 11th Edition.