Conecpts & Indicators of Development

Development and the
Caribbean
Concepts and Indicators of development

Module 2
WEEK 1
Introduction
● The Concept development is said to be a
process as well as a desired end
● Caribbean countries are in the slow lane
in achieving the development that is
postulated by the Countries of the
North.
● In many ways that Caribbean have come
along way in achieving this end but at
what expense?
Outline
● Definition of Development
● Types of development
● Indicators of development
● Approaches and theories of
development
● Case studies on selected countries
development in the Caribbean
What is development?
● Development means ''improvement in a
country's economic and social
conditions''. More specifically, it refers
to improvements in ways of managing
an area's natural and human resources
in order to create wealth and improve
people's lives. This definition is based
on the more obvious distinctions in
living standards between developed and
less developed countries.
Development is
● Improvement of a countries:
● Social
● Economic
● political
● Management of natural and human

resources
Conception of Development
● Development as the enactment of
human values is a conceptualization that
for anything to develop or become better
improvements has to related to some
values that ae being enacted.
Conceptions of Development
● Development as an increasing
differentiation or complexity is a
Conceptualization of development that states
that for anything to develop it must become
more complex and more differentiated- its
component parts will integrate with better
and deeper linkages.
Conceptions of Development
● Development as liberation or human
freedom is a conceptualization that states
that for a people to be developed this must
be accompanied, in the options they can
pursue, and their sense of self-efficacy- that
their actions are significant and can make a
difference. This they hope to achieve
through education that empoers the people.
Types of Development
● Economic Development
● Human Development
● Sustainable Development
Economic Development
● Development through economic growth,
increase in income and standard of
living- GNP per capita.
● Economic growth is the increase in
value of goods and services by a
country withing a time period.
● A traditional way of looking at
development
Human Development
● Development with human beings at the
centre of the process
● Came about as a result of the
dissatisfaction for economic growth
● Combine economic development and
sustainable development.
● 1990 the Human development Paradigm
gain its credence.
Human Development
Paradigm
● People are the means and end of
development- quality of their lives.
● Development is about broadening

people choices
● That poverty and income equality that

prevent a better quality of life
HDP
● Development achieve through the
eradication of the barriers to the four
keys of development:
● Equity
● Productivity
● Empowerment
● Sustainability
Sustainable Development
● Development that meet the needs of the
present without compromising the
ability of the future generation to meet
their own needs
● Its more concern with the quality of life
of its people
● Engaging in activities that do not harm
the environment.
Beckford Indicators
● GNP ● Level of foreign
● GDP aid receipts
● Industrialization ● Level of
productivity
● Purchasing power
parity ● Income structure
● Employment level
● Level of local and
foreign debt
Indicator of Development
● Economic Indicators
● Gross National Product (GNP)
● Gross Domestic Product (GDP)
● Population Growth Rate
● Age Dependency Ratio

Economic Indicators
● Gross National Product (GNP) is the
value of output (good and services)
produce by a country plus income
derived from abroad
● Total output + income from abroad =
GNP
● GNP ÷ population = GNP per capita
● To determine Income level of citizens in
a country.
Economic Indicators
● Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is the
total market value of the output(goods
and services) of country in a given year.
● GDP ÷ population = GDP per capita
● Used to do comparisons
Economic Indicators
● Population Growth rate is calculated by
considering birth rates and death rates
as well as migration statistics.
● If a population keeps its rates down then
per capita should rise
Economic Indicators
● Age Dependency Ratio is ratio f
dependents_ those who are under the
age of 15 and over the age of 65 who are
dependent on the labour force (
ages15-65 years)
● If more people are in the working force
then dependents can be better looked
after. Thus govt will spend less on social
programmes.
Human Indicators
● Equity
● Productivity
● Empowerment
● Sustainablity
Activity
Using the information sheet, in groups

summarize the content of the handout and
share with peers
15 mins
Sustainability Indicators
● Human Development Index
● Life expectancy
● Literacy
● Standard of living
Case Studies
● Debate on the types of development
● Jamaica
● Haiti
● Cuba
● Bahamas
● Barbados

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Development and the

Concepts and Indicators of development

● Management of natural and human

● Development is about broadening

● That poverty and income equality that

● Gross Domestic Product (GDP)

● Population Growth Rate

● Age Dependency Ratio

Using the information sheet, in groups

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