List of wars involving Russia

This is a list of wars involving the Russian Federation and predecessor states of Russia, from antiquity to the present day. It also includes wars
fought outside Russia by the Russian military.

Contents
Novgorodian and Kievan Rus'
Grand Duchy of Moscow (1263–1547)
Tsardom of Russia (1547–1721)
Russian Empire (1721–1917)
Russian SFSR (1917–1922)
Soviet Union (1922–1991)
Russian Federation (1991–present)
See also
Notes
References

Novgorodian and Kievan Rus'

Date Conflict Combatant 1 Combatant 2 Result

907 Rus'–Byzantine War (907) Kievan Rus'  Byzantine Empire Victory[1]

Different results. Eventually
920–1036 Rus'-Pechenegs' campaigns Kievan Rus' Pechenegs
victory.
941 Rus'–Byzantine War (941) Kievan Rus'  Byzantine Empire Defeat

944/945 Rus'–Byzantine War (944/945) Kievan Rus'  Byzantine Empire Victory[2]

Victory. Destruction of the
964–965 Sviatoslav's campaign against Khazars Kievan Rus' Khazar Khaganate
Khazar Khaganate.
967/968–971 Sviatoslav's invasion of Bulgaria Kievan Rus'  Byzantine Empire Defeat

981 Vladimir the Great's campaign on Cherven Cities Kievan Rus' Duchy of Poland Victory

Vladimir the Great's campaign against Volga

985 Kievan Rus' Volga Bulgaria Military victory, then agreement.
Bulgaria
Military victory. Agreement.
987 Rus'–Byzantine War (987) Kievan Rus'  Byzantine Empire Baptism of Vladimir and further
Christianization of Kievan Rus'.

1022 Yaroslav the Wise's attack on Brest Kievan Rus' Duchy of Poland Defeat

1024 Rus'–Byzantine War (1024) Kievan Rus'  Byzantine Empire Defeat

Victory. Estonian tribes start pay

1030 Yaroslav the Wise's campaign against Chud Kievan Rus' Chud
tribute to Rus.

1030–1031 Yaroslav the Wise's campaign on Cherven Cities Kievan Rus' Duchy of Poland Victory

1043 Rus'–Byzantine War (1043) Kievan Rus'  Byzantine Empire Defeat

1055–1223 Rus'-Cumans' campaigns Kievan Rus' Cumans Different results. Mostly victories.
Defeat. Yaroslav the Wise's
1061 Sosols raid against Pskov Kievan Rus' Sosols
conquests in Estonia are lost.

Bolesław IV the Curly

1147 Bolesław IV the Curly's raid on Old Prussians Old Prussians Bolesław IV the Curly's victory
Kievan Rus'
Vladimir-Suzdal

Principality of Kiev

Galicia-Volhynia

Novgorod Republic
Defeat. Principalities of the
Mongol invasion of Rus'

1223–1240 Smolensk
Mongol Empire Russian State became vassals
(see also List of Tatar and Mongol raids against Rus')
Turov and Pinsk
of the Mongol Empire.
Rostov

Chernigov

Ryazan

Pereyaslavl

Grand Duchy of Moscow (1263–1547)

 Conflict Combatant 1 Combatant 2 Result

Grand Duchy of
Lithuania Inconclusive
Lithuanian–Muscovite War (1368–72) Grand Duchy of Moscow
Treaty of Lyubutsk
Principality of Tver

Muscovite–Volga Bulgars war (1376) Grand Duchy of Moscow Volga Bulgaria Victory

Battle on Pyana River Grand Duchy of Moscow Golden Horde Defeat

Battle of the Vozha River Grand Duchy of Moscow Golden Horde Victory

Battle of Kulikovo Grand Duchy of Moscow Golden Horde Victory

Siege of Moscow (1382) Grand Duchy of Moscow Golden Horde Defeat

Defeat
Ulugh Muhammad's Campaign (1438–1445) Grand Duchy of Moscow Khanate of Kazan Capture of the Grand Prince
Creation of a buffer state

Grand Duchy of Moscow Victory

Qasim War (1467–1469) Khanate of Kazan
Kazan releases all ethnic Christian Russians
Qasim Khanate enslaved in the past four decades

Victory
Battle of Shelon (14 July 1471) Grand Duchy of Moscow Novgorod Republic
Novgorod is integrated into the Grand Principality in
1478

Victory
Great stand on the Ugra river (8 October 1480) Grand Duchy of Moscow Golden Horde
End of Mongol rule

Victory
Capture of Tver (1485) Grand Duchy of Moscow Principality of Tver
End of the Principality of Tver

Victory
Siege of Kazan (1487) Grand Duchy of Moscow Khanate of Kazan
The Kazan Khan is imprisoned and replaced by his
half-brother

Grand Duchy of
First Muscovite-Lithuanian War (1492–1494) Grand Duchy of Moscow Victory
Lithuania

Russo-Swedish War (1495–1497) Grand Duchy of Moscow Sweden Inconclusive

Grand Duchy of
Lithuania
Second Muscovite-Lithuanian War (1500–1503) Grand Duchy of Moscow Victory
Livonian Order

Russo-Kazan War (1505–1507) Grand Duchy of Moscow Khanate of Kazan Inconclusive

Grand Duchy of
Lithuania
Third Muscovite-Lithuanian War (1507–1508) Grand Duchy of Moscow Inconclusive
Crimean Khanate

Grand Duchy of
Grand Duchy of Moscow Lithuania

Fourth Muscovite-Lithuanian War (1512–1522) Kingdom of Poland Victory

Livonian Order
Crimean Khanate

Grand Duchy of
Lithuania

Fifth Muscovite-Lithuanian War (1534–1537) Grand Duchy of Moscow Kingdom of Poland Indecisive

Crimean Khanate

Tsardom of Russia (1547–1721)

 Conflict Russia (and its allies) Opponent(s) Result
Siege of Kazan (1552)

Location: Tatarstan

Victory
Russia Khanate of Kazan
Annexation of Kazan into Russia

Ivan IV enters the defeated Kazan

Victory
Tatar Rebellion (1552–1556)
Russia Tatar rebels
Location: Tatarstan Crushing of the rebellion

Inconclusive
Ivan the Terrible's Swedish War (1554–1557)
Russia Sweden
Location: Karelia Treaty of Novgorod

Victory
Russian conquest of Astrakhan (1556)
Russia Astrakhan Khanate
Location: Astrakhan Russian annexation of Astrakhan

Livonian War (1558–1583)

Location: Northern Europe

Livonian Confederation
Denmark–Norway
Sweden Defeat
Russia Poland–Lithuania
Livonia Truce of Jam Zapolski
Treaty of Plussa
(before 1569 the Polish–
Lithuanian union)
Russia troops besiege Narva in
1558

Turkey
Victory
Astrakhan Expedition (1568–1570)
Russia
Location: Astrakhan and Azov Crimean Khanate Treaty of Constantinople (1570)

Victory

The burning of Moscow by the Crimean Tatars in

Ivan the Terrible's Crimean War (1570–1572)
1571
Russia Crimean Khanate
Location: European Russia The defeat of the Crimean Tatars by the Russians at
the Battle of Molodi in 1572
Preservation of independence of Russia and its
conquests in the Volga region

Russian conquest of Siberia (1580–1762)

Location: Siberia

Russia
Victory
Cossacks Khanate of Sibir (until 1598)

Native Siberians Start of Russian annexation of Siberia

pro-Russian native
Siberians

Yermak's Conquest of Siberia

Inconclusive
Boris Godunov's Swedish War (1590–1595)
Russia Sweden Treaty of Teusina
Location: Northern Europe
Мutual territorial concessions

Polish invasions of Russia (1605–1618)

Location: Russia

Inconclusive

Russia preserve independence

Russia
Russia lost Smolensk
Poland–Lithuania
Sweden (1609–1610) Vladislav Zhigimondovich remained a contender for
the Russian throne
Truce of Deulino

The Poles surrender the Moscow

Kremlin to Prince Pozharsky in 1612

Bolotnikov Rebellion (1606–1607)

Russia Rebels under Ivan Victory
Location: Russia
Bolotnikov
Crushing of the rebellion
 Bolotnikov's battle with the Tsar's
army at Nizhniye Kotly near Moscow

Ingrian War (1610–1617)

Location: Russia

Defeat
Russia Sweden
Treaty of Stolbovo

Depiction of Russian troops in 1611

Smolensk War (1632–1634)

Location: Smolensk

Defeat
Russia Poland–Lithuania
Treaty of Polyanovka

Russian troops storm Smolensk

Alexis I's Persian War (1651–1653)

Russia Persia Defeat
Location: North Caucasus
Sino–Russian border conflicts (1652–1689)

Location: Heilongjiang and Amur

Russia
China
Defeat
Cossacks Korea Treaty of Nerchinsk

Russian fort under attack by

Chinese troops

Poland–Lithuania

Russia
Victory
First Northern War (1654–1667)

Location: Eastern Europe Cossack Hetmanate Crimean Khanate Truce of Andrusovo

Second Northern War (1656–1658)

Location: Northern Europe

Inconclusive
Russia Sweden Treaty of Valiesar
Treaty of Cardis

Russian troops besiege Riga in

1656

Inconclusive

Political defeat
First Bashkir Rebellion (1662–1664)
Russia Bashkir rebels
Location: Bashkortostan Russian government forced to accept Bashkir
demands

Razin's Rebellion (1670–1671)

Russia Cossacks under Stepan Victory
Location: Russia
Razin
Crushing of the rebellion
 Razin's rebels in Astrakhan

Turkey

Feodor III's Turkish War (1676–1681)

Indecisive[3]
Russia
Location: Ukraine Crimean Khanate Treaty of Bakhchisarai

Great Turkish War (1683–1700)

Location: Eastern Europe

Russia (from 1686)

Austria
Turkey Victory
Poland–Lithuania
Crimean Khanate Treaty of Constantinople
Cossack Russia stopped paying regular tribute to Crimea
Hetmanate

Russian troops capture Azov

Great Northern War (1700–1721)

Location: Europe

Russia
Denmark–Norway
(1700, 1709–) Sweden
 Saxony Holstein-Gottorp Victory

(1700–6, 1709–) Poland–Lithuania

Russian troops assault the island
Poland–Lithuania (1704–09) Victory against Sweden
fortress of Nöteborg
(1700–4, 1709–) Turkey (1710–4)
Cossack Hetmanate Cossack Hetmanate Treaty of Nystad
(1700–8) (1708–09)
 Prussia (1715–) Defeat against Turkey
Hanover (1715–)  Great Britain (1700,
1719–21) Treaty of the Pruth
  Great Britain
(1717–19)

Russian troops capture Narva

Military victory

Political defeat
Third Bashkir Rebellion (1704–1711)
Russia Bashkir rebels
Location: Bashkortostan and Tatarstan Russian government forced to accept some Bashkir
demands

Victory
Bulavin Rebellion (1707–1708)
Russia Don Cossack rebels
Location: Southern Russia Crushing of the rebellion

Defeat
Peter the Great's Khivan War (1717)
Russia Khanate of Khiva
Location: Khanate of Khiva Russian invasion of Khanate of Khiva repelled

 Russia
Kazakhstan
Victory
Kazakh-Russian conflicts (1717–1847)

Bashkirs
Kyrgyz tribes

Location: Kazakhstan Annexation of Kazakhstan to Russia

Khanate of Khiva
Cossack rebels

Russian Empire (1721–1917)

 Conflict Russia (and its allies) Opponent(s) Result
 Russia

Victory
Persian Expedition of Peter the Great (1722–1723)
Cossack Hetmanate
Persia
Location: Caucasus and northern Iran Armenia
Treaty of Saint Petersburg
Georgia
War of the Polish Succession (1733–1738)

Location: Poland and Rhineland

Poland under

Poland under

Augustus III of
Stanisław
Poland
Indecisive
Leszczyński

 Russia

 France
Treaty of Vienna
 Austria

 Spain

 Saxony

 Prussia  Sardinia
Depiction of the Siege of Danzig by
Russian and Saxon forces in 1734

 Russia
Victory
Cossack Hetmanate  Turkey
Russo–Austro–Turkish War (1735–1739)
Russian victory
Location: Eastern Europe Crimea Austrian defeat
Austria Treaty of Niš

 Russia Victory
Fourth Bashkir Rebellion (1735–1740)

pro-Russian Bashkir rebels Crushing of the rebellion

Location: Bashkortostan
Bashkirs Establishment of Orenburg

 Austria
 Prussia
 Britain
(1740–42) (1744–45)
Hanover
Spain (1740–1746) Inconclusive
 France
Bavaria (1741–45) Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle
War of the Austrian Succession (1740–1748)
  Russia (1741–43,
 Saxony (1741–42)
Location: Europe 1748)
Victory against Sweden
Naples and Sicily
 Dutch Republic
 Genoa
 Saxony (1743–45)
Treaty of Åbo
 Sardinia Sweden (1741–43)

Seven Years' War (1756–1763)

Location: Europe

 Prussia
 Britain
 France Hanover
 Austria Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel White peace
 Spain Portugal
 Sweden Hesse-Kassel Treaty of Saint Petersburg
 Russia (1756–1762) Schaumburg-Lippe Defeat of Russia's former allies
 Saxony
Iroquois Confederacy
Russian troops in Berlin in 1760

Koliivshchyna Rebellion (1768–1769)

Location: Ukraine

 Russia
Victory
Haidamaky
Poland–Lithuania Crushing of the rebellion

Camp of Haidamakas

War of the Bar Confederation (1768–1772)

Location: Poland

France
Victory
 Russia Treaty of Kuçuk Kainarji
Bar Confederation
First Partition of Poland

Krakow capitulates to Suvorov

Catherine the Great's First Turkish War (1768–1774)  Russia  Turkey Victory
Location: Eastern Europe, Caucasus and
Mediterranean
Crimea Treaty of Kuçuk Kainarji
 Destruction of the Turkish fleet in
the Battle of Chesma

Pugachev's Rebellion (1773–1775)

Location: Russia

Rebels under Yemelyan Victory

 Russia Pugachev

 Turkey Crushing of the rebellion

Russian Cossack troops march

during the rebellion

Catherine the Great's Second Turkish War (1787–

1792)

Location: Eastern Europe

Victory
 Russia  Turkey
Treaty of Jassy

Russian troops storm the fortress of

Ochakov

Catherine the Great's Swedish War (1788–1790)

Location: Finland, western Sweden and Baltic Sea

 Russia Sweden Inconclusive

Russian fleet during the Battle of

Vyborg Bay

 Russia
Victory
Catherine the Great's Polish War (1792)
Poland–Lithuania
Location: Poland
Targowica Confederation Second Partition of Poland

Kościuszko Uprising (1794)

Location: Poland

Victory
 Russia

Poland–Lithuania Crushing of the uprising

Prussia
Third Partition of Poland

Battle of Praga

Persian Expedition of Catherine the Great (1796)

 Russia Persia Withdrawal
Location: North Caucasus and South Caucasus
War of the Second Coalition (1799–1802)
 Austria France Withdrawal (in 1799)
Location: Europe
 Holy Roman Empire  Spain
French victory in 1802
 Britain Denmark-Norway
 Russia (until 1799) Polish Legions
French Royalists
Portugal French client states
 Two Sicilies
  Turkey

Suvorov victorious at the Battle of

Trebbia (1799)

War of the Third Coalition (1803–1806)

Location: Europe

 Austria
 Russia
France
 United Kingdom Defeat
Sicily
Naples French client states Peace of Pressburg
Portugal
 Sweden
Capture of a French regiment's
standard by the cavalry of the
Russian Guards

Alexander I's Persian War (1804–1813)

Location: North Caucasus, South Caucasus and

northern Iran

Victory
 Russia Persia
Treaty of Gulistan

Russian troops storm the fortress of

Lankaran

War of the Fourth Coalition (1806–1807)

France
Location: Eastern and Central Europe

French client states

 Prussia
 United Kingdom  Spain
 Saxony Confederation of the Rhine
 Sweden Defeat
 Russia  Bavaria
Treaties of Tilsit
 Württemberg
Sicily Italy
Naples
Russia troops clash with French
troops at the Battle of Eylau
Polish Legions

Alexander I's Turkish War (1806–1812)

Location: Romania, Moldova, Caucasus and Black

Sea

Victory
 Russia Turkey
Treaty of Bucharest

Russian Fleet after the Battle of

Athos

Inconclusive
Anglo-Russian War (1807–1812)
 Russia  United Kingdom
Location: Baltic Sea and Barents Sea Treaty of Orebro

Finnish War (1808–1809)

 Russia Sweden Victory
Location: Finland and Sweden

Treaty of Fredrikshamn
 Russian troops cross the Gulf of
Bothnia on ice

France

Confederation of the Rhine

 Austria

Italy
 United Kingdom
Victory (limited involvement)
War of the Fifth Coalition (1809)

Location: Central Europe Spain

Sicily
Treaty of Schönbrunn
Warsaw  Sardinia
 Russia

French invasion of Russia (1812)

Location: Russia

France
Victory
 Russia French invasion repelled
French client states
Destruction of Napoleon's Grand Army

General Raevsky leading a

detachment of the Russian Imperial
Guard at the Battle of Saltanovka

War of the Sixth Coalition (1813–1814)

Location: Europe
 Austria

 Prussia

 United Kingdom

 Sweden
France
Victory
 Russia
Treaty of Fontainebleau
Spain
French client states
Treaty of Paris
Portugal

Sicily

Russian troops entering Paris in  Sardinia

1814

 Austria

 Prussia

 United Kingdom

 Russia

Hanover

Nassau

Brunswick
War of the Seventh Coalition (1815)

 Sweden
France
Victory
Location: Europe  United Netherlands
Naples Treaty of Paris
 Spain

Portugal

 Sardinia

Sicily

Tuscany

  Switzerland

French Royalists

Caucasian War (1817–1864)

Location: Caucasus

Caucasian Imamate

Circassia

Big Kabarda (until 1825)

Victory
 Russia

Abkhazian insurgents

Mingrelia
Annexation of North Caucasus into Russia
Kazi-Kumukh

Guria Surrender of Imam Shamil

Dagestan free people

Avaria (1829–1859)

Svaneti
Imam Shamil surrenders to Russian
forces

Decembrist revolt (1825)

 Russia Decembrist rebels Victory
Location: Saint Petersburg
Crushing of the revolt

Decembrists at the Senate Square

Nicholas I's Persian War (1826–1828)

Location: South Caucasus and northern Iran

Victory
 Russia Persia
Treaty of Turkmenchay

Russian and Persian troops clash

near Elisabethpol

Battle of Navarino

Part of the Greek War of Independence (1827)

Location: Greece

 Turkey
 United Kingdom

France
Egypt Victory
 Russia
Tunisia

Russian squadron bombarding the

Ottoman fleet

Nicholas I's Turkish War (1828–1829)

Location: Balkans and Caucasus

Victory
 Russia  Turkey
Treaty of Adrianople

Russian troops besiege Kars in

1828

November uprising (1830–1831)

Location: Poland

Victory
 Russia Poland
Crushing of the uprising

Russian and Polish forces clash

during the Battle of Ostrołęka

Britain

Egypt
Victory
Second Turko–Egyptian War (1839–1841)
Austria

France

Location: Syria and Lebanon Russia

Egypt renounced its claim to Syria
Spain
Turkey

Russian conquest of Central Asia (1839–1895)

 Russia Kazakhstan
Victory
Location: Central Asia
Bukhara

Khiva
Russian annexation of Central Asia
Kokand

Turkmen tribes

Kyrgyz tribes

Afghanistan
 Russian troops entering Samarkand
in 1868

Victory
Gurian Rebellion (1841)
 Russia Gurian rebels
Location: Georgia Crushing of the rebellion

Victory
Shoorcha rebellion (1842)
 Russia Tatar, Mari and Chuvash
Location: Tatarstan and Ulyanovsk peasants Crushing of the rebellion

Austria

Croatia Hungary
Hungarian Revolution of 1848 (1848–1849)
Serbian Vojvodina
Location: Hungary
Hungarian Slovenes
Serbian
pro-Hungarian Slovaks
volunteers
Rusyns
pro-Habsburg
Hungarians Zipser Germans
Hungarian Germans
Slovak National
Council Croats from Western
Hungary and Međimurje Victory
Transylvanian
Šokac and Bunjevac Crushing of the revolution
Romanians
people
Chief Rus' Council
Banat Bulgarians
Czech volunteers
Bohemian and Polish legions

Hungarian troops surrender to the Moravian volunteers German legion

Russians at Világos
Transylvanian Viennese legion

Saxons Italian legion

 Russia

Crimean War (1853–1856)

Location: Crimea, Balkans, Caucasus, Black Sea,

Baltic Sea, White Sea and Far East

France

 Turkey
Defeat
 Russia
 Britain
Treaty of Paris
 Sardinia

Russian troops and French zouaves

engaged in hand-to-hand combat at
Malakhov Kurgan

Victory
Mahtra Rebellion (1858)
 Russia Estonian peasants
Location: Estonia Crushing of the rebellion

Victory
Bezdna Revolt (1861)
Russia Peasants
Location: Tatarstan Crushing of the revolt

January uprising (1863–1864)

Location: Poland

Polish, Lithuanian and Victory

Russia
Ukrainian insurgents Crushing of the uprising

Russian troops in Warsaw during

the uprising

Victory
Polish Rebellion in Siberia (1866)
Russia Polish political exiles
Location: Siberia
Crushing of the rebellion

Alexander II's Turkish War (1877–1878)

Russia
Turkey Victory
Location: Balkans and Caucasus
Bulgarian volunteers
Treaty of San Stefano
Romania
Treaty of Berlin
Reestablishment of the Bulgarian state
 Serbia
De jure independence of Romania, Serbia and
 Montenegro Montenegro from Turkey
Annexation of Kars and Batum to Russia

Russian troops entering Adrianople

Cretan revolutionaries

Kingdom of Greece

 British Empire

 France
Victory
Cretan Revolt (1897–1898)
Italy

 Ottoman Empire Establishment of the Cretan State.

Location: Crete  Russian Empire

 Austria-Hungary (until Withdraw of Ottoman forces from Crete.

April 12, 1898)

 German Empire (until

March 16th, 1898)
Boxer Rebellion (1899–1901)
Eight-Nation Alliance:
Location: China

 Japan

 United Kingdom

 Russia
Yìhéquán

France
Victory
 China
 United States

 Germany

 Austria-Hungary

Russian troops in Pekin  Italy

Russo-Japanese War (1904–1905)

Location: Manchuria, Korean Peninsula and Yellow

Sea

Defeat
 Russia  Japan
Treaty of Portsmouth

Russian cavalry in a
reconnaissance mission during the
Battle of Mukden

Russian Revolution of 1905 (1905–1907)

Location: Russia

Revolutionaries

Peasants
Industrial workers
Separatists Victory
 Russia Saint Petersburg Soviet
Crushing of the revolution
Moscow City Duma
Chita Republic
SR
A barricade erected by
RSDLP
revolutionaries in Moscow

Persian Constitutional Revolution (1905–1911)

Location: Iran

Victory
Persia

Iranian constitutionalists Russian occupation of Northern Iran until Russian

 Russia (from 1906)
Revolution

Russian flag over Arg of Tabriz

World War I (1914–1918)

Allied Powers: Central Powers: Defeat[4][5][6]
Location: Europe and Asia

 France
 Germany
Separate peace at Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
 British Empire  Austria-Hungary
Russian Civil War
 Turkey

 United Kingdom
Allied Victory (without Russia)
 Bulgaria
  Canada
Paris Peace Conference
 Newfoundland

 Australia

 New Zealand

 India

 South Africa

 Russia
Russian troops going to the front
 United States

 Italy

 Serbia

 Montenegro

 Belgium

 Japan

 Romania

 Portugal

Attack of Russian cavalry

 Brazil

Hejaz
 Greece

Armenia

Nejd and Hasa

 China

 Siam

Russian trenches in the forests of

Sarikamish

Central Asian Revolt (1916–1934)

Location: Central Asia

Russian Empire (until
1917)

 Russian SFSR Basmachi

Turkestan ASSR Khiva

Victory
Kirghiz ASSR Bukhara
Crushing of the revolt
Afghanistan
  Soviet Union (from
Soviet troops on Turkestan front in
1922)
1922

Russian SFSR (1917–1922)

 Conflict Combatant 1 Combatant 2 Results
White Movement

Mountain Republic

Makhnovshchina

Left SR

Green armies

 Russian SFSR
 British Empire

 Far Eastern Republic

 Japan

Victory
Mongolian Communists  Czechoslovakia

Victory for the Red Army in Russia,

Russian Civil War
 Greece
Ukraine, Belarus, South Caucasus, Central
(1917–1922) Asia, Tuva, and Mongolia
Makhnovshchina
 United States

Victory for pro-independence movements in

Left SR
 France

Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, and

Green armies  Serbia

Poland
 Romania

 Italy

 China

Mongolia

Ukrainian People's
Republic

West Ukrainian
People's Republic

  German Empire
(1918)

Poland (1920–1921)

 Russian SFSR
Hetmanate of Ukraine

Ukrainian SSR Victory

Ukrainian War of Independence

(1917–1921) White Movement

Formation of the Ukrainian SSR
Makhnovshchina
 German Empire (1917–
1918)

Romania (1918)

Poland (1918–1919)

France (1919)

Greece (1919)

Victory
Kazakhstan Campaign
Alash Autonomy

 Russian SFSR Incorporation of Kazakhstan into the Soviet

(1917–1920) White Movement
Union

 Russian SFSR
White Guard
Defeat
Finnish Civil War

(1918) Red Guard Germany Victory of White Guard in Finland

 Latvian Army

 Estonia

Lieven

 Poland

 Lithuania

Supported by the Allied

Powers

 Russian SFSR
Defeat
Latvian War of Independence

(1918–1920)  Latvian SSR VI Reserve Corps:

Independence of Latvia

Baltische Landeswehr
Freikorps

merged into the

West Russian
Volunteer Army in
September 1919

 Estonia

 Latvia

 United Kingdom

White Movement
Defeat
Estonian War of Independence
 Russian SFSR
Finnish, Danish, and Swedish
(1918–1920) Commune of Estonia Independence of Estonia
volunteers
Tartu Peace Treaty

Baltische Landeswehr

Lithuanian–Soviet War
 Russian SFSR Republic of Lithuania
Defeat
(1918–1919) LBSSR  Saxon Volunteers
 Expulsion of Bolshevik forces from
Lithuania

Transcaucasian Defeat
Georgian-Ossetian Conflict
 Russian SFSR

Federation

(1918–1920) Ossetian rebels Crushing of the Ossetian rebellion

Georgia

 Russian SFSR
Poland
Defeat
Polish–Soviet War

(1919–1921) Ukrainian SSR  Ukraine Peace of Riga

 Greece
Victory
Turkish War of Independence
Turkey

 United Kingdom
Overthrow of the Ottoman sultanate
(1919–1923)  Russian SFSR[7]  Armenia
Establishment of the Republic of Turkey

Victory
Invasion of Azerbaijan
 Russian SFSR

Azerbaijan Overthrow of the Azerbaijan Democratic

(1920)  Azerbaijan SSR
Republic government

Victory
Red Army invasion of Armenia
Armenia
 Russian SFSR
(1920) Establishment of the Armenian SSR

 Russian SFSR

 Armenian SSR
Victory
Invasion of Georgia

Georgia
(1921)  Azerbaijan SSR
Establishment of the Georgian SSR
Turkey

Forest Guerrillas
Victory
East Karelian Uprising

 Russian SFSR
(1921–1922) Finnish volunteers Crushing of the uprising

Soviet Union (1922–1991)

   Victory
   Defeat
   Another result (e.g. a treaty or peace without a clear result, status quo ante bellum, result of civil or internal conflict, result unknown or indecisiv
   Ongoing conflict
 Conflict Combatant 1 Combatant 2 Results
Victory
August Uprising

 Soviet Union Damkom Consolidation of Soviet rule in Georgian

(1924)
SSR

 Soviet Union

In support of:
Defeat
Tatarbunary Uprising
 Kingdom of Romania
(1924) Tatarbunary Crushing of the Soviet-inspired rebellion
Revolutionary Committee

Peace treaty

Urtatagai conflict
Afghanistan forced to restrain Basmachi
 Soviet Union Emirate of Afghanistan border raids
(1925-1926)
Urtatagai is captured, then ceded back to
Afghanistan

Victory
Sino-Soviet conflict
 China
 Soviet Union Upholding of the provisions of 1924
(1929)
agreement

Inconclusive
Basmachi
 Soviet Union
Reduction of Basmachi offensive
Red Army intervention in Afghanistan (1929)

In support of:
capabilities
Part of the Afghan Civil War (1928–1929) Saqqawists
Amānullāh Khān
Failure to restore Amanullah Khan as king
of Afghanistan

Red Army intervention in Afghanistan (1930)  Soviet Union Basmachi Victory

Victory
Chechen uprising of 1932  Soviet Union Chechen rebels
Uprising suppressed

 Soviet Union
 Japan
Victory
Soviet–Japanese border conflicts

(1932–1941)  Mongolia  Manchukuo Soviet–Japanese Neutrality Pact

Victory
Xinjiang

Islamic Rebellion in Xinjiang

 China Establishment of the rule of Sheng Shica's
 Soviet Union

(1937) regime over the whole territory of Xinjiang

White Movement
province

Republicans
Nationalists
Defeat
Spanish Civil War
Supported by:

 Germany
End of the Second Spanish Republic
(1937–1939)  Soviet Union

 Italy Rise of Francoist Spain

 Mexico

 Germany
Victory
Invasion of Poland

 Soviet Union
Poland Division of Polish territory between Third
(1939) (Part of World War II)
 Slovak Republic Reich, Soviet Union and Slovakia

Victory

Moscow Peace Treaty

Cession of the Gulf of Finland islands,
Winter War
 Finland Karelian Isthmus, Ladoga Karelia, Salla,
 Soviet Union
(1939–1940) (Part of World War II) and Rybachy Peninsula, and lease of
Hanko to the Soviet Union
Expulsion of the Soviet Union from the
League of Nations

 Estonia
Victory
Occupation of the Baltic states

 Soviet Union  Latvia

Occupation of the Baltic states by the Red
(1940) (Part of World War II)
 Lithuania Army

Victory
Soviet occupation of Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina
 Romania Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina
 Soviet Union
(1940) (Part of World War II) annexed to the USSR, creation of the
Moldovan SSR

World War II
Allied Powers: Axis Powers: Victory
(1941–1945)
Collapse of the Third Reich
 Soviet Union
 Germany

Fall of Japanese and Italian Empires

 United States
 Japan

Creation of the United Nations

 United Kingdom
 Italy

Emergence of the United States and the

 China
 Hungary
Soviet Union as superpowers
 France
 Romania
Beginning of the Cold War
 Poland
 Bulgaria

 Canada
 Slovakia

 Australia
 Croatia

 New Zealand
 Thailand

 India
 Manchukuo

 South Africa
 Mengjiang
 Yugoslavia

 Greece

 Denmark
 Norway

 Netherlands

 Belgium

 Luxembourg

  Czechoslovakia

 Brazil

 Mexico

 Estonia
Victory
Guerrilla war in the Baltic states

 Soviet Union  Latvia

(1944–1956) Defeat of national partisans

 Lithuania

Victory
Guerrilla war in Ukraine

 Soviet Union Ukrainian Insurgent Army

1944-1953 (Part of World War II from 1944-1945) Defeat of national partisans

Victory

Karafuto Prefecture is annexed by the

Soviet Union and incorporated into
Sakhalin Oblast.
Soviet–Japanese War
 Soviet Union
 Japan
Kuril Islands annexed to the Soviet Union
(1945) (Part of World War II)  Mongolia  Manchukuo Liberation of Manchuria, Inner Mongolia
and northern Korea, and collapse of
Japanese puppet states there.
Partition of the Korean Peninsula.
Manchuria and Inner Mongolia are returned
to China.

Victory

Việt Minh
France
Vietnam is partitioned between North
 •  French Indochina
(controlled by Việt Minh) and South
Pathet Lao

First Indochina War

(controlled by the State of Vietnam).
Khmer Issarak
Vietnam (1949–1954)

(1946–1954) Geneva Conference

Supported by:
Cambodia (1953–1954)

 Soviet Union  Laos (1953–1954) Departure of the French from Indochina.

State of Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia gain
official independence.

 United Nations

 South Korea

 United States

 United Kingdom

 Australia

 Belgium

 Canada

 France
Ceasefire (limited involvement)
 North Korea
 Philippines

Korean War
 China

(1950–1953)  Colombia
Establishment of the Korean DMZ
 Soviet Union  Ethiopia
Minor territorial changes
 Greece

 Luxembourg

 Netherlands

 New Zealand

 South Africa

 Thailand

 Turkey

 South Vietnam
Victory
 North Vietnam
 United States
Withdrawal of American forces from
Viet Cong and PRG
 South Korea
Indochina
Pathet Lao
 Australia
North Vietnamese victory over South
Vietnam War
GRUNK (1970–1975)
 New Zealand
Vietnam
(1955–1975) Khmer Rouge
 Laos

Dissolution of the Republic of Vietnam

 China
Cambodia (1967–1970)

Communist governments take power in

 Soviet Union
Khmer Republic (1970–1975)
South Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia
 North Korea  Thailand

South Vietnam is annexed by North

 Philippines Vietnam

 Soviet Union East German Victory

East German Uprising

(1953)  East Germany demonstrators Uprising suppressed

 Soviet Union
Victory
Hungarian Revolution
Revolutionaries
(1956) ÁVH Crushing of the revolution

 Soviet Union
Victory
Bulgaria

Invasion of Czechoslovakia
 East Germany
Czechoslovakia Moscow Protocol
(1968)
Hungary
Soviet military presence in Czechoslovakia
Poland until 1991

Status quo ante bellum

Strategic Victory[8]

Zhenbao Island Incident

 Soviet Union  China Tactical Soviet victory[9]

(1969) Strategic Soviet victory: Ceasefire
Agreement Signed.[8]
1991 Sino-Soviet Border Agreement[8]

Inconclusive
War of Attrition
 Egypt

 Israel Both sides claimed victory

(1969–1970)  Soviet Union
Continuation of Israeli occupation of Sinai

Ethiopia
Withdrawal (limited involvement)
Eritrean War of Independence
 Cuba (until 1989)
ELF

(1974–1991)  Soviet Union (until 1990)

EPLF Independence of Eritrea after the fall of the
 South Yemen communist government in Ethiopia
Angolan Civil War
MPLA
 South Africa
Stalemate (limited involvement)
(1975–1991)  Cuba
UNITA

 Soviet Union
Three Powers Accord
FNLA

SWAPO
FLEC Withdrawal of all foreign forces from Angola
MK Independence of Namibia

Ethiopia
Victory
Ethio-Somali War
 Cuba
Somalia

(1977–1978)  South Yemen

WSLF Somalia broke all ties with the Second
 Soviet Union World except for China and Romania

Mujahideen-Allied Victory[10]

Failed Soviet attempt to quell Afghan

Mujahedeen insurgency
Soviet–Afghan War
 Soviet Union

Afghan Mujahideen Geneva Accords of 1988

(1979–1989) Afghanistan
Withdrawal of Soviet forces from
Afghanistan
Continuation of the Afghan Civil War

Russian Federation (1991–present)

 Conflict Russia & allies Russia's opposition Outcome
Georgian Civil War (1991–1993)

Georgia
Victory
Zviadists
Location: Georgia  Russia Zviadist revolt crushed

War in Abkhazia (1991–1993)

 Russia
Victory
 Georgia
Location: Abkhazia  Abkhazia Abkhazia gained de facto independence

Transnistria War (1992)

Location: Transnistria

 Transnistria
Victory
 Moldova
 Russia Transnistria gained de facto independence

PMR trucks on the bridge between

Tiraspol and Bendery

East Prigorodny Conflict (1992) Victory

 Russia

Ingush militia Expulsion of ethnic Ingush from Prigorodny by Ossetian

Location: North Ossetia-Alania  North Ossetia-Alania[11]
militia

 Tajikistan

 Russia

 Uzbekistan

 Kazakhstan

 Kyrgyzstan

 Turkmenistan

Tajikistani Civil War (1992–1997)

 China

 India

Location: Tajikistan
UNMOT

 Austria
 Bangladesh
 Bulgaria
United Tajik Opposition
Victory
 Czech Republic
Taliban factions United Nations-sponsored armistice
 Denmark
 Ghana
 Hungary
 Indonesia
Russian Spetsnaz troops dismount  Jordan
an APC during the war    Nepal
 Nigeria
 Poland
  Switzerland
 Ukraine
 Uruguay

First Chechen War (1994–1996)

Location: Chechnya

Defeat[12]

 Russia Withdrawal of Russian forces from Chechnya

Ichkeria

Khasav-Yurt Accord
Chechen Opposition Mujahideen
De facto independence of the Chechen Republic of
Ichkeria, but de jure it remained a part of the Russian
Federation

A Chechen militiaman takes cover

behind a burned-out Russian BMP-2
armoured vehicle
 Conflict Russia & allies Russia's opposition Outcome
War of Dagestan (1999)

Location: Dagestan

 Russia Victory
IIPB
 Dagestan Start of the Second Chechen War

Russian federal Spetsnaz forces in

Dagestan

Second Chechen War (1999–2009)

Location: Chechnya

 Russia Ichkeria
Victory
Caucasian Front

 Chechnya Mujahideen Russia regained control over Chechnya

A farewell ceremony for the 331st

Airborne Regiment of the 98th
Airborne Division withdrawn from
Chechnya

Russo-Georgian War (2008)

Location: Georgia, South Ossetia and

Abkhazia

 Russia
Victory
 South Ossetia
 Georgia
 Abkhazia Expansion of Abkhazia and South Ossetia

Russian BMP-2 from the 58th Army

in South Ossetia

Insurgency in the North Caucasus (2009–

2017)

Location: North Caucasus

 Russia

 Chechnya
Caucasus Emirate Victory
 Dagestan
 Ingushetia  ISIL (from 2015) Defeat of Islamists
 Kabardino-Balkaria
 North Ossetia-Alania

FSB Spetsnaz members during an

anti-terrorist operation in
Makhachkala, Dagestan
 Conflict Russia & allies Russia's opposition Outcome
Russian military intervention in Ukraine
(2014–present)

Location: Ukraine (incl. Crimea)

Russian unidentified special forces

take control of a Ukrainian military
garrison in Crimea

 Russia Ongoing

 Donetsk People's Russian annexation of Crimea

Republic  Ukraine
War in Donbas
 Luhansk People's Minsk Protocol, an un-implemented ceasefire
Republic agreement

Donetsk People's Republic

militiamen checking with civilians in
a cellar during the Battle of Ilovaisk
(2014)

DPR elite Republican Guard troops

during the 2018 Victory Day parade
in Donetsk

Russian military intervention in the Syrian

Civil War (2015–present)

Location: Syria

Ongoing[13]
Two Tupolev Tu-22M3s bombing  ISIL

 Russia
Preservation of the Syrian government headed by
ISIL command posts and weapon Ahrar al-Sham
Bashar al-Assad.[14]
 Syria

warehouses in the Deir ez-Zor area,  Iran

Tahrir al-Sham Syrian Armed Forces recapture more than 30,000
2017 Hezbollah square kilometres of area, including Latakia, Aleppo
Syrian Opposition and Palmyra, break the three-year-long siege of Deir
ez-Zor and take control of that city[15][16]

Sukhoi Su-30 pilot talking to a

Russian Air Force technician in the
Khmeimim Air Base

See also
History of Russia
Armed Forces of the Russian Federation
Military history of Russia
 List of wars involving Finland
List of wars involving Poland
List of wars involving Turkey
List of wars involving Ukraine
List of wars involving Belarus
List of wars involving Kazakhstan
List of wars involving Kyrgyzstan
List of wars involving Tajikistan
List of wars involving Uzbekistan
List of wars involving Estonia
List of wars involving Latvia
List of wars involving Lithuania
List of wars involving Moldova
List of wars involving Azerbaijan
List of wars involving Armenia
List of wars involving Georgia (country)

Notes

References
1. Janet Martin. Treasure of the Land of Darkness: The Fur Trade and Its 9. Kuisong p.29
Significance for Medieval Russia. Cambridge University Press, 2004. 10. "Soviet Defeat in Afghanistan" (http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/w
P. 115 orld/war/afghanistan-1979-4.htm). GlobalSecurity.org.
2. Vilhelm Ludvig Peter Thomsen. The Relations Between Ancient Russia 11. "9. Вооруженные формирования в зоне конфликта" (http://www.me
and Scandinavia, and the Origin of the Russian State. Cambridge mo.ru/hr/hotpoints/ingushi/Chapt10.htm). Retrieved 26 December
University Press. 2010. P. 25 2016.
3. David R. Stone, A Military History of Russia: From Ivan the Terrible to 12. "Why the Russian Military Failed in Chechnya" (https://web.archive.or
the War in Chechnya, (Greenwood Publishing, 2006), 41. g/web/20061015123847/http://fmso.leavenworth.army.mil/documents/y
4. Legvold, Robert (2007). Russian Foreign Policy in the Twenty-First rusfail/yrusfail.htm). Foreign Military Studies Office. Archived from the
Century and the Shadow of the Past. Columbia University Press. original (http://fmso.leavenworth.army.mil/documents/yrusfail/yrusfail.ht
p. 209. ISBN 9780231512176. m) on 15 October 2006. Retrieved 3 April 2016.
5. Mayayo i Artal, Andreu; Pellegrini, Alberto; Segura i Mas, Antoni 13. Syrian Civil War
(2019). Centenary of the Russian Revolution (1917-2017). Cambridge 14. Quinn, Rob (12 December 2017). "Putin Announces Russian
Scholars Publishing. p. 38. ISBN 9781527524651. Withdrawal From Syria" (http://www.newser.com/story/252747/putin-an
6. Cecil, Hugh; Liddle, Peter (1998). At the Eleventh Hour: Reflections, nounces-russian-withdrawal-from-syria.html). Newser.com. Retrieved
Hopes and Anxieties at the Closing of the Great War, 1918. Pen and 18 December 2017.
Sword Books. p. 321. ISBN 9781783839926. 15. "Assad and Putin Meet, as Russia Pushes to End Syrian War" (https://
7. Jelavich, Barbara (1983). History of the Balkans: Twentieth century (htt www.nytimes.com/2017/11/21/world/middleeast/assad-putin-russia-syri
ps://archive.org/details/historyofbalkans0000jela). Cambridge a.html). New York Times. 21 November 2017.
University Press. p. 131 (https://archive.org/details/historyofbalkans000 16. "How Russian special forces are shaping the fight in Syria" (https://ww
0jela/page/131). ISBN 978-0-521-27459-3. w.washingtonpost.com/news/checkpoint/wp/2016/03/29/how-russian-s
8. "Exploring Chinese History :: Politics :: Conflict and War :: Soviet pecial-forces-are-shaping-the-fight-in-syria/). Washington Post. 29
Aggression" (http://www.ibiblio.org/chinesehistory/contents/03pol/c04s March 2016.
05.html#1969%20Border%20Conflict). Retrieved 26 December 2016.

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